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Gupta Y, Hossain M, Islam MR, Talukder MMH, Khokon MAR, Uddin MM, Kabir H, Carey M, Ralphs K, de Moraes NV, Meharg AA, Meharg C. Recycled Household Ash in Rice Paddies of Bangladesh for Sustainable Production of Rice Without Altering Grain Arsenic and Cadmium. Expo Health 2023; 16:87-99. [PMID: 38313597 PMCID: PMC10830805 DOI: 10.1007/s12403-023-00539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
In Bangladesh most agronomic biomass (straw, husk, dried dung) is burnt for domestic cooking use. Consequently, the soil is continuously stripped of mineral nutrients and carbon (C) substrate. Here we investigate if recycling of household ash (ash) as fertilizer can sustainably improve soil fertility as well as minimise accumulation of toxic elements (As, Cd) in rice grain. Large scale field trials across two geographic regions (Barind, Madhupur) and two seasons (wet, dry) and with application of 3 fertiliser treatments (NPKS, ash, NPKS + ash) were conducted. At the end of each season, the impact of region*season*treatment on soil microbial comunities, rice yield, and grain quality (As, Cd, nutrient elements) was assessed. When compared to conventional field application rates of NPKS (control), application of ash boosted rice yield by circa. 20% in both regions during wet and dry season, with no effect on rice grain carcinogenic inorganic arsenic (iAs), dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) or cadmium (Cd), but with potential to increase zinc (Zn). For soil microbial communities, a significant region and season effect as well as correlation with elements in rice grain was observed, amongst these Cd, Zn, iAs and DMA. This study illustrates that application of ash can reduce the requirement for expensive chemical fertiliser, whilst at the same time increasing rice yield and maintaining grain quality, making farming in Bangladesh more sustainable and productive. The study also implies that the combined impact of region, season, and soil microbes determines accumulation of elements in rice grain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12403-023-00539-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Gupta
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL UK
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL UK
| | - Mahmud Hossain
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - M. Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Mohammad Mahir Uddin
- Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Humayun Kabir
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL UK
| | - Kathryn Ralphs
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL UK
| | - Natalia Valadares de Moraes
- Department of Natural Products and Toxicology, School Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, Km 01, Araraquara, SP 14800-903 Brazil
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL UK
| | - Caroline Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL UK
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Díaz-Coto S, Martinez-Camblor P, Carey M, Soler-Blasco R, García-Villarino M, Fernández-Somoano A, Julvez J, Carrasco P, Lertxundi A, Santa Marina L, Casas M, Meharg AA, Karagas MR, Vioque-Lopez J. Arsenic exposure and respiratory outcomes during childhood in the INMA study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274215. [PMID: 36083997 PMCID: PMC9462567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ingested inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a human carcinogen that is also linked to other adverse health effects, such as respiratory outcomes. Yet, among populations consuming low-arsenic drinking water, the impact of iAs exposure on childhood respiratory health is still uncertain. For a Spanish child study cohort (INfancia y Medio Ambiente—INMA), low-arsenic drinking water is usually available and ingestion of iAs from food is considered the major source of exposure. Here, we explored the association between iAs exposure and children’s respiratory outcomes assessed at 4 and 7 years of age (n = 400). The summation of 4-year-old children’s urinary iAs, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) was used as a biomarker of iAs exposure (∑As) (median of 4.92 μg/L). Children’s occurrence of asthma, eczema, sneeze, wheeze, and medication for asthma and wheeze at each assessment time point (i.e., 4- and 7-year) was assessed with maternal interviewer-led questionnaires. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models using Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) were performed to account for the association between natural logarithm transformed (ln) urinary ∑As in μg/L at 4 years and repeated assessments of respiratory symptoms at 4 and 7 years of age. The covariates included in the models were child sex, maternal smoking status, maternal level of education, sub-cohort, and children’s consumption of vegetables, fruits, and fish/seafood. The GEE—splines function using Poisson regression showed an increased trend of the overall expected counts of respiratory symptoms with high urinary ∑As. The adjusted expected counts (95% confidence intervals) at ln-transformed urinary ∑As 1.57 (average concentration) and 4.00 (99th percentile concentration) were 0.63 (0.36, 1.10) and 1.33 (0.61, 2.89), respectively. These exploratory findings suggest that even relatively low-iAs exposure levels, relevant to the Spanish and other populations, may relate to an increased number of respiratory symptoms during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Susana Díaz-Coto
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Pablo Martinez-Camblor
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Villarino
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)–Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)–Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jordi Julvez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona-Campus MAR, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Carrasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Health Research Instititue, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Instititue, Biodonostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Health of the Basque Government, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona-Campus MAR, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences Building, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Biomedical Data Science Department, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Jesús Vioque-Lopez
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
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Nunes LM, Li G, Chen WQ, Meharg AA, O'Connor P, Zhu YG. Embedded Health Risk from Arsenic in Globally Traded Rice. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:6415-6425. [PMID: 35502933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
International food trade is fundamental to global food security but with often negative consequences in the producing country. We propose a method of quantifying flows of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and embedded increased lifetime cancer risks (EHR) at a global scale, where negative impacts are felt on the importing country. Computations were made for 153 countries. Vietnam exports the most iAs embedded in rice (796 kg/year) followed by India (788 kg/year), Thailand (485 kg/year), and the United States (323 kg/year). We show that continental China, Indonesia, and Malaysia have the highest imports of iAs (292, 174, and 123 kg/year, respectively). Bangladesh ranks highest in EHR followed by Vietnam and Cambodia (150, 141, and 111 per 100,000, respectively). Countries that depend exclusively on imported rice are importing a substantial amount of risk, as, e.g., Kiribati and Solomon Islands (57 and 53 per 100,000, respectively). We discuss the potential policy options for reducing population dietary health risks by well-balanced apportioning of rice sources. This study targets policy design solutions based on health gains, rather than on safe levels of the risk factor alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Nunes
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Human Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Human Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Human Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Patrick O'Connor
- Centre for Global Food and Resources, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Human Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
- State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Meharg AA, Meharg C. The Pedosphere as a Sink, Source, and Record of Anthropogenic and Natural Arsenic Atmospheric Deposition. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:7757-7769. [PMID: 34048658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Anthropocene has led to global-scale contamination of the biosphere through diffuse atmospheric dispersal of arsenic. This review considers the sources arsenic to soils and its subsequent fate, identifying key knowledge gaps. There is a particular focus on soil classification and stratigraphy, as this is central to the topic under consideration. For Europe and North America, peat core chrono-sequences record massive enhancement of arsenic depositional flux from the onset of the Industrial Revolution to the late 20th century, while modern mitigation efforts have led to a sharp decline in emissions. Recent arsenic wet and dry depositional flux measurements and modern ice core records suggest that it is South America and East Asia that are now primary global-scale polluters. Natural sources of arsenic to the atmosphere are primarily from volcanic emissions, aeolian soil dust entrainment, and microbial biomethylation. However, quantifying these natural inputs to the atmosphere, and subsequent redeposition to soils, is only starting to become better defined. The pedosphere acts as both a sink and source of deposited arsenic. Soil is highly heterogeneous in the natural arsenic already present, in the chemical and biological regulation of its mobility within soil horizons, and in interaction with climatic and geomorphological settings. Mineral soils tend to be an arsenic sink, while organic soils act as both a sink and a source. It is identified here that peatlands hold a considerable amount of Anthropocene released arsenic, and that this store can be potentially remobilized under climate change scenarios. Also, increased ambient temperature seems to cause enhanced arsine release from soils, and potentially also from the oceans, leading to enhanced rates of arsenic biogeochemical cycling through the atmosphere. With respect to agriculture, rice cultivation was identified as a particular concern in Southeast Asia due to the current high arsenic deposition rates to soil, the efficiency of arsenic assimilation by rice grain, and grain yield reduction through toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Meharg
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland
| | - Caroline Meharg
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland
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Hossain M, Mestrot A, Norton GJ, Deacon C, Islam MR, Meharg AA. Arsenic dynamics in paddy soil under traditional manuring practices in Bangladesh. Environ Pollut 2021; 268:115821. [PMID: 33158623 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization with organic matter (farm yard manure and/or rice straw) is thought to enhance arsenic (As) mobilization into soil porewaters, with subsequent As assimilation by rice roots leading to enhanced translocation to the grain. Here, interlinked experiments (field manuring and soil batch culture) were conducted to find the effect of organic matter at a field application rate practiced in Bangladesh (5 t/ha) on As mobilization in soil for paddies impacted by As contaminated groundwater irrigation, a widespread phenomenon in Bangladesh where the experiments were conducted. Total As concentration in a paddy soil (Sonargaon) ranged from 21.9 to 8.1 mg/kg down the soil profile and strongly correlated with TOC content. Arsenic, Fe, Mn, and DOC release into soil solution, and As speciation, are intimately linked to OM amendment, soil depth and temporal variation. Organic matter amendments lead to increased mobilization of As into both soil porewaters and standing surface waters. The As speciation in the porewater was dominated by inorganic As (Asi) (arsenite and arsenate), with traces amounts of methylated species (DMAV and MMAV) only being found with OM amendment. It was noted in field trials that OM fertilization greatly enhanced As mobility to surface waters, which may have major implications for the fate of As in paddy agronomic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Hossain
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK; Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Adrien Mestrot
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gareth J Norton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Claire Deacon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - M Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, BT9 5DL, UK
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Pogoson E, Carey M, Meharg C, Meharg AA. Reducing the cadmium, inorganic arsenic and dimethylarsinic acid content of rice through food-safe chemical cooking pre-treatment. Food Chem 2020; 338:127842. [PMID: 32822902 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium, inorganic arsenic and, potentially, dimethyl arsenic acid are carcinogens widely elevated in rice. Here it was identified that the food-safe and common cadmium chelator citric acid efficiently removed cadmium from intact grain via pre-soaking procedure, while also reducing arsenic species. A twostep pre-soaking stage was developed whereby rice was first incubated, at ambient temperature, in 1 M citric acid for 12 h, and then in 1 M calcium carbonate for another 12 h, the latter step to neutralize pH, followed by cooking. When 10 different individual types of rice were processed in such a way this resulted in removal rates of 79% for cadmium, 81% for inorganic arsenic and a 66% for DMA. The technology is particularly suitable for bulk food processing and could be deployed in the most cadmium and arsenic impacted regions where rice is a staple.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pogoson
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Biological Sciences Building, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - M Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Biological Sciences Building, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - C Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Biological Sciences Building, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
| | - A A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Biological Sciences Building, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
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McKernan C, Meharg C, Carey M, Donaldson E, Williams P, Savage L, Meharg AA. Feed-derived iodine overrides environmental contribution to cow milk. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:6930-6939. [PMID: 32475661 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diets worldwide are deficient in iodine, leading to a range of undesirable health effects at the population level. Dairy products are a primary source of iodine in diets for those populations in which iodized salt is not systematically used or available. However, the flows of iodine through dairy agroecosystems are not well understood. The aim of this research was to investigate iodine flows though the dairy agroecosystem, including the influence of atmospheric depositional inputs, environmental variables, season, husbandry, and diet. Three farm-based sampling campaigns were carried out in this investigation, with milk, soil, silage, grass, and feed iodine determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, and nonparametric statistical analysis tests were conducted on data sets obtained. Natural iodine inputs into the environment are dominated by atmospheric deposition, which mainly from sea spray, and thus the location of farms relative to the coast and prevailing wind direction. Herbage and silage produced from grass-based systems strongly correlated with soil iodine, yet there was a strong disconnect between soil, forage, and feed and the milk that results. This was due to the levels of iodine in supplemental feeds being approximately 10-fold higher than those in forage-derived feeds. The practice of feed supplementation, accentuated by summer housing of cows, led to elevated milk iodine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C McKernan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - C Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
| | - M Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - E Donaldson
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - P Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - L Savage
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - A A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
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Yao L, Carey MP, Zhong J, Bai C, Zhou C, Meharg AA. Soil attribute regulates assimilation of roxarsone metabolites by rice (Oryza sativa L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 184:109660. [PMID: 31520949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Roxarsone (ROX), an organoarsenic feed additive, and its metabolites, can be present in animal manure used to fertilize rice. Rice is prone to absorb arsenic, and is subject to straighthead disorder, which reduces rice yield and is linked with organic arsenic compounds. This study aims to elucidate how soil property affect arsenic accumulation in rice plants fertilized with chicken manure containing ROX metabolites. Manures of chickens fed without or with ROX, designated as control manure and ROX treated manure (ROXCM), respectively, were applied in eight paddy soils of different origins, to investigate the assimilation of arsenic species in rice plants. The results show that inorganic arsenic (arsenate and arsenite), monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were detected in all brown rice and husk, trace tetramethylarsonium and trimethylarsine oxide were occasionally found in these both parts, whereas all these arsenic species were determined in straw, irrespective of manure type. ROXCM application specifically and significantly increased brown rice DMA (P = 0.002), which remarkably enhanced the risk of straighthead disease in rice. Although soil total As impacted grain biomass, soil free-iron oxides and pH dominated arsenic accumulation by rice plants. The significantly increased grain DMA suggests manure bearing ROX metabolites is not suitable to be used in soils with abundant free-iron oxides and/or high pH, if straighthead disorder is to be avoided in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Yao
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Manus P Carey
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Jiawen Zhong
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Cuihua Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Changmin Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Mullan K, Hamill L, Doolan K, Young I, Smyth P, Flynn A, Walton J, Meharg AA, Carey M, McKernan C, Bell M, Black N, Graham U, McCance D, McHugh C, McMullan P, McQuaid S, O'Loughlin A, Tuthill A, Bath SC, Rayman M, Woodside JV. Iodine status of teenage girls on the island of Ireland. Eur J Nutr 2019. [PMID: 31321499 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02037-x.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The trace element iodine is a vital constituent of thyroid hormones. Iodine requirements increase during pregnancy, when even mild deficiency may affect the neurocognitive development of the offspring. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is the means of assessing iodine status in population surveys; a median UIC of 100-199 µg/L is deemed sufficient in a non-pregnant population. Milk is the main dietary source of iodine in the UK and Ireland. METHODS We surveyed the iodine status of 903 girls aged 14-15 years in seven sites across the island of Ireland. Urine iodine concentration was measured in spot-urine samples collected between March 2014 and October 2015. Food group intake was estimated from iodine-specific food-frequency questionnaire. Milk-iodine concentration was measured at each site in summer and winter. RESULTS The median UIC overall was 111 µg/L. Galway was the only site in the deficient range (median UIC 98 µg/L). All five of the Republic of Ireland sites had UIC ≤ 105 µg/L. In the two sites surveyed twice, UIC was lower in summer vs winter months [117 µg/L (IQR 76-165) vs 130 µg/L (IQR 91-194) (p < 0.01)]. Milk samples collected from Galway and Roscommon had a lower mean iodine concentration than those from Derry/Londonderry (p < 0.05). Milk intake was positively associated with UIC (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest survey of its kind on the island of Ireland, which currently has no iodine-fortification programme. Overall, the results suggest that this young female population sits at the low end of sufficiency, which has implications if, in future, they enter pregnancy with borderline status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mullan
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Una Graham
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
| | - David McCance
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
| | | | - Paul McMullan
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
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Mullan K, Hamill L, Doolan K, Young I, Smyth P, Flynn A, Walton J, Meharg AA, Carey M, McKernan C, Bell M, Black N, Graham U, McCance D, McHugh C, McMullan P, McQuaid S, O'Loughlin A, Tuthill A, Bath SC, Rayman M, Woodside JV. Iodine status of teenage girls on the island of Ireland. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1859-1867. [PMID: 31321499 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mullan
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Una Graham
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
| | - David McCance
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
| | | | - Paul McMullan
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast, Belfast, Ireland
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Abstract
The speciation of arsenic in wet and dry deposition are ambiguously described in current literature. Presented here is a 2 year study quantifying arsenic species in atmospheric deposition collected daily from an E. Atlantic coastal, semirural site, with comparative urban locations. Inorganic arsenic (Asi) was the principal form of arsenic in wet deposition, with a mean concentration of 0.54 μmol/m3. Trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) was found to be the dominant form of organic arsenic, determined as above the LoD in 33% of wet deposition samples with a mean concentration of 0.12 μmol/m3. Comparison with codeposited trace elements and prevailing weather trajectories indicated that both anthropogenic and marine sources contribute to atmospheric deposition. Analysis of dry deposition revealed it to be a less significant input to the land-surface for Asi, contributing 32% of that deposited by wet deposition. Dry deposition had a larger proportion of Asi than that found in wet deposition, with TMAO making up only 12% of the sum of species. In comparison, urban sites showed large spatial and temporal variations in organic arsenic deposition, indicating that local sources of methylated species may be likely and that further understanding of biogenic arsine evolution and degradation are required to adequately assess the atmospheric arsenic burden and subsequent contribution to terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Savage
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
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12
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Carey M, García-Villarino M, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A, Santa-Marina L, Irizar A, Casas M, Guxens M, Llop S, Soler-Blasco R, García-de-la-Hera M, Karagas MR, Meharg AA. Inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological development of children of 4-5 years of age living in Spain. Environ Res 2019; 174:135-142. [PMID: 31075694 PMCID: PMC6541502 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Early-life exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) may adversely impact health later in life. To date, evidence of iAs adverse effects on children's neurodevelopment comes mainly from populations highly exposed to contaminated water with conflicting results. Little is known about those effects among populations with low iAs exposure from food intake. We investigated the cross-sectional association between exposure to iAs and neurodevelopment scores among children living in Spain whose main route of exposure was diet. Arsenic species concentrations in urine from 400 children was determined, and the sum of urinary iAs, dimethylarsinic acid, and monomethylarsonic acid was used to estimate iAs exposure. The McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities was used to assess children's neuropsychological development at about 4-5 years of age. The median (interquartile range) of children's sum of urinary iAs, MMA, and DMA was 4.85 (2.74-7.54) μg/L, and in adjusted linear regression analyses the natural logarithm transformed concentrations showed an inverse association with children's motor functions (β, [95% confidence interval]; global scores (-2.29, [-3.95, -0.63])), gross scores (-1.92, [-3.52, -0.31]) and fine scores (-1.54, [-3.06, -0.03]). In stratified analyses by sex, negative associations were observed with the scores in the quantitative index (-2.59, [-5.36, 0.17]) and working memory function (-2.56, [-5.36, 0.24]) only in boys. Our study suggests that relatively low iAs exposure may impair children's neuropsychological development and that sex-related differences may be present in susceptibility to iAs related effects; however, our findings should be interpreted with caution given the possibility of residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Department of Public Health, University Miguel Hernández and ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation, Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- Department of Public Health, University Miguel Hernández and ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation, Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Miguel García-Villarino
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa. The Basque Government's Health Department, San Sebastián, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manoli García-de-la-Hera
- Department of Public Health, University Miguel Hernández and ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation, Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
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13
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Rahman H, Carey M, Hossain M, Savage L, Islam MR, Meharg AA. Modifying the Parboiling of Rice to Remove Inorganic Arsenic, While Fortifying with Calcium. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:5249-5255. [PMID: 30993982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Using village-based rice processing plants in rural Bangladesh, this study considered how parboiling rice could be altered to reduce the content of the carcinogen inorganic arsenic. Parboiling is normally conducted with rough rice (i.e., where the husk is intact) that is soaked overnight at ambient temperatures, and then either steamed or boiled for ∼10 min, followed by drying. Across 13 geographically dispersed facilities it was found that a simple alteration parboiling wholegrain, instead of rough rice, decreased the inorganic arsenic content by 25% ( P = 0.002) in the final polished grain. Also, parboiling wholegrain had little impact on milling quality of the final polished rice. The wholegrain parboiling approach caused statistically significant median enrichment of calcium, by 213%; and a reduction in potassium, by 40%; with all other nutrient elements tested being unaffected. Milled parboiled rough rice had an enriched inorganic arsenic compared to nonparboiled milled rice, but parboiling of wholegrain rice did not enrich inorganic arsenic in the final milled product. Polished rice produced from the parboiling of both rough and wholegrain rice significantly reduced cadmium compared to nonparboiled polished rice, by 25%. This study also identified that trimethylarsine oxide and tretramethylarsonium are widely elevated in the husk and bran of rice and, therefore, gives new insights into the biogeochemical cycling of arsenic in paddy ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibur Rahman
- Department of Soil Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University , Mymensingh - 2202 , Bangladesh
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Mahmud Hossain
- Department of Soil Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University , Mymensingh - 2202 , Bangladesh
| | - Laurie Savage
- Department of Soil Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University , Mymensingh - 2202 , Bangladesh
| | - M Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Soil Science , Bangladesh Agricultural University , Mymensingh - 2202 , Bangladesh
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
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14
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Shi H, Bai C, Luo D, Wang W, Zhou C, Meharg AA, Yao L. Degradation of tetracyclines in manure-amended soil and their uptake by litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:6209-6215. [PMID: 30617894 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-04077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The environmental and human health risk posed by veterinary antibiotics is of global concern. Antibiotic uptake by herbal plants has been studied, but little is known about perennial woody fruit crops. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), a longevial fruit tree, is routinely fertilized with animal manure and, therefore, may be at risk of antibiotic uptake into its fruits. This study investigated the degradation of chlortetracycline and doxycycline present in manure used to amend orchard soil, and their subsequent assimilation by litchi plant, as affected by manure application rate. The results show that half-lives of chlortetracycline and doxycycline in soil were decreased by increased manure rate, with an average of 27 and 59 days, respectively. Chlortetracycline was readily transported to litchi shoots and increased with the growth of litchi plants. Doxycycline predominantly remained in the roots, and underwent growth dilution in the plants. The two tetracyclines could not be detected in fruits from litchi trees when applied with manures, at various rates, over 2 years. For litchi, chlortetracycline may pose human health risk through manure application, but doxycycline is unlikely to do so. Long-term field experiments are required to monitor antibiotic accumulation in fruits of perennial fruit trees fertilized with animal manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuihua Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donglin Luo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changmin Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lixian Yao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Wushan, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Nachman KE, Punshon T, Rardin L, Signes-Pastor AJ, Murray CJ, Jackson BP, Guerinot ML, Burke TA, Chen CY, Ahsan H, Argos M, Cottingham KL, Cubadda F, Ginsberg GL, Goodale BC, Kurzius-Spencer M, Meharg AA, Miller MD, Nigra AE, Pendergrast CB, Raab A, Reimer K, Scheckel KG, Schwerdtle T, Taylor VF, Tokar EJ, Warczak TM, Karagas MR. Opportunities and Challenges for Dietary Arsenic Intervention. Environ Health Perspect 2018; 126:84503. [PMID: 30235424 PMCID: PMC6375412 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The diet is emerging as the dominant source of arsenic exposure for most of the U.S. population. Despite this, limited regulatory efforts have been aimed at mitigating exposure, and the role of diet in arsenic exposure and disease processes remains understudied. In this brief, we discuss the evidence linking dietary arsenic intake to human disease and discuss challenges associated with exposure characterization and efforts to quantify risks. In light of these challenges, and in recognition of the potential longer-term process of establishing regulation, we introduce a framework for shorter-term interventions that employs a field-to-plate food supply chain model to identify monitoring, intervention, and communication opportunities as part of a multisector, multiagency, science-informed, public health systems approach to mitigation of dietary arsenic exposure. Such an approach is dependent on coordination across commodity producers, the food industry, nongovernmental organizations, health professionals, researchers, and the regulatory community. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3997.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeve E Nachman
- Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Dartmouth Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Laurie Rardin
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Dartmouth Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Carolyn J Murray
- Dartmouth Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Mary Lou Guerinot
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Thomas A Burke
- Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Celia Y Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn L Cottingham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Dartmouth Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Francesco Cubadda
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità - Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Gary L Ginsberg
- Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Britton C Goodale
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Margaret Kurzius-Spencer
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel & Enid College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mark D Miller
- Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne E Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Andrea Raab
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ken Reimer
- Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kirk G Scheckel
- Land and Materials Management Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vivien F Taylor
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Erik J Tokar
- National Toxicology Program Laboratory, National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Todd M Warczak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Dartmouth Superfund Research Program, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Dartmouth Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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16
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manus P Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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17
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Cottingham KL, Carey M, Sayarath V, Palys T, Meharg AA, Folt CL, Karagas MR. Infants' dietary arsenic exposure during transition to solid food. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7114. [PMID: 29739998 PMCID: PMC5940663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-life exposure to inorganic arsenic (i-As) may cause long-lasting health effects, but as yet, little is known about exposure among weaning infants. We assessed exposure before and during weaning and investigated the association between solid food intake and infants' urinary arsenic species concentrations. Following the recording of a comprehensive 3 day food diary, paired urine samples (pre- and post-weaning) were collected and analyzed for arsenic speciation from 15 infants participating in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Infants had higher urinary i-As (p-value = 0.04), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) (p-value = 0.002), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) (p-value = 0.01), and sum of arsenic species (i-As + MMA + DMA, p-value = 0.01) during weaning than while exclusively fed on a liquid diet (i.e., breast milk, formula, or a mixture of both). Among weaning infants, increased sum of urinary arsenic species was pairwise-associated with intake of rice cereal (Spearman's ρ = 0.90, p-value = 0.03), fruit (ρ = 0.70, p-value = 0.03), and vegetables (ρ = 0.86, p-value = 0.01). Our observed increases in urinary arsenic concentrations likely indicate increased exposure to i-As during the transition to solid foods, suggests the need to minimize exposure during this critical period of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., 7927 Rubin Bldg., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA.
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, USA.
| | - Kathryn L Cottingham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, USA
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Vicki Sayarath
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., 7927 Rubin Bldg., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, USA
| | - Thomas Palys
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., 7927 Rubin Bldg., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Carol L Folt
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr., 7927 Rubin Bldg., Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
- Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, USA
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18
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Punshon T, Carey AM, Ricachenevsky FK, Meharg AA. Elemental distribution in developing rice grains and the effect of flag-leaf arsenate exposure. Environ Exp Bot 2018; 149:51-58. [PMID: 30100643 PMCID: PMC6085101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We measured the bulk grain concentrations of arsenic (As), along with rubidium (Rb) and strontium (Sr) as indicators of phloem and xylem transport respectively, in rice (Oryza sativa cv. Italica Carolina) pulsed with arsenate at two exposure levels for 5 day periods at progressively later stages of grain fill, between anthesis and maturity, through the cut flag leaf. We compared these to unexposed (negative) controls and positive controls; pulsed with dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). We collected elemental maps of As and micronutrient elements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and Ni) from developing grains of rice. Exposures were either 25 or 100 μg/ml arsenate (As(V)) at various stages of grain development, compared to 25 μg/ml dimethylarsinic acid (DMA); the most efficiently transported As species identified in rice. We used the spatial distribution of arsenic in the grain to infer the presence of As transporters. By exposing grains through the flag leaf rather than via the roots, we were able to measure arsenic transport into the grain during filling under controlled conditions. Exposure to 100 μg/ml As(V) resulted in widespread As localization in both embryo and endosperm, especially in grains exposed to As at later stages of panicle development. This suggests loss of selective transport, likely to be the result of As toxicity. At 25 μg/ml As(V), As colocalized with Mn in the ovular vascular trace (OVT). Exposure to either As(V) or DMA reduced grain Fe, an effect more pronounced when exposure occurred earlier in grain development. The abundance of Cu and Zn were also reduced by As. Arsenic exposure later in grain development caused higher grain As concentrations, indicating the existence of As transporters whose efficiency increases during grain fill. We conclude that localization of As in the grain is a product of both As species and exposure concentration, and that high As(V) translocation from the flag leaf can result in high As concentrations in the endosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Punshon
- Dartmouth College, Department of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Center, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-603-646-1037; Fax: +1-603-646-1347
| | - Anne-Marie Carey
- Center for Innovation in Medicine, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Felipe Klein Ricachenevsky
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Strandmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, UK
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19
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Abstract
Marine sources of arsenic to the atmosphere are normally dismissed as minor. Here we show that arsenic can be biovolatilized from seawater, and that biovolatilzation is based on organic arsenic species present in the seawater. Even though inorganic arsenic is in great excess in seawaters, it is trimethylarsine (TMA) that is the primary biovolatilized product, with dimethylarsine (DMA) also observed if dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) is spiked into seawaters. With respect to budgets, 0.04% of the total arsenic in the seawater was biovolatilized over a 2-week incubation period. To test the environmental significance of this finding, wet deposition was analyzed for arsenic species at coastal locations, one of which was the origin of the seawater. It was found that the oxidized product of TMA, trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), and to a less extent DMAA were widely present. When outputs for arsines (0.9 nmol/m2/d) from seawater and inputs from wet deposition (0.3-0.5 nmol/m2/d) were compared, they were of the same order of magnitude. These findings provide impetus to reexamining the global arsenic cycle, as there is now a need to determine the flux of arsines from the ocean to the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Savage
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security , Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road , Belfast , BT9 5BN , Northern Ireland
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Siwinska J, Siatkowska K, Olry A, Grosjean J, Hehn A, Bourgaud F, Meharg AA, Carey M, Lojkowska E, Ihnatowicz A. Scopoletin 8-hydroxylase: a novel enzyme involved in coumarin biosynthesis and iron-deficiency responses in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 2018; 69:1735-1748. [PMID: 29361149 PMCID: PMC5888981 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is a serious agricultural problem, particularly in alkaline soils. Secretion of coumarins by Arabidopsis thaliana roots is induced under iron deficiency. An essential enzyme for the biosynthesis of the major Arabidopsis coumarins, scopoletin and its derivatives, is Feruloyl-CoA 6'-Hydroxylase1 (F6'H1), which belongs to a large enzyme family of the 2-oxoglutarate and Fe2+-dependent dioxygenases. We have functionally characterized another enzyme of this family, which is a close homologue of F6'H1 and is encoded by a strongly iron-responsive gene, At3g12900. We purified At3g12900 protein heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and demonstrated that it is involved in the conversion of scopoletin into fraxetin, via hydroxylation at the C8 position, and that it thus functions as a scopoletin 8-hydroxylase (S8H). Its function in plant cells was confirmed by the transient expression of S8H protein in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, followed by metabolite profiling and biochemical and ionomic characterization of Arabidopsis s8h knockout lines grown under various iron regimes. Our results indicate that S8H is involved in coumarin biosynthesis, as part of mechanisms used by plants to assimilate iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siwinska
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Abrahama, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Siatkowska
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Abrahama, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Alexandre Olry
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jeremy Grosjean
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frederic Bourgaud
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, UK
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, UK
| | - Ewa Lojkowska
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Abrahama, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Ihnatowicz
- Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Abrahama, Gdansk, Poland
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Young E, Carey M, Meharg AA, Meharg C. Microbiome and ecotypic adaption of Holcus lanatus (L.) to extremes of its soil pH range, investigated through transcriptome sequencing. Microbiome 2018; 6:48. [PMID: 29554982 PMCID: PMC5859661 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants can adapt to edaphic stress, such as nutrient deficiency, toxicity and biotic challenges, by controlled transcriptomic responses, including microbiome interactions. Traditionally studied in model plant species with controlled microbiota inoculation treatments, molecular plant-microbiome interactions can be functionally investigated via RNA-Seq. Complex, natural plant-microbiome studies are limited, typically focusing on microbial rRNA and omitting functional microbiome investigations, presenting a fundamental knowledge gap. Here, root and shoot meta-transcriptome analyses, in tandem with shoot elemental content and root staining, were employed to investigate transcriptome responses in the wild grass Holcus lanatus and its associated natural multi-species eukaryotic microbiome. A full factorial reciprocal soil transplant experiment was employed, using plant ecotypes from two widely contrasting natural habitats, acid bog and limestone quarry soil, to investigate naturally occurring, and ecologically meaningful, edaphically driven molecular plant-microbiome interactions. RESULTS Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and non-AM fungal colonization was detected in roots in both soils. Staining showed greater levels of non-AM fungi, and transcriptomics indicated a predominance of Ascomycota-annotated genes. Roots in acid bog soil were dominated by Phialocephala-annotated transcripts, a putative growth-promoting endophyte, potentially involved in N nutrition and ion homeostasis. Limestone roots in acid bog soil had greater expression of other Ascomycete genera and Oomycetes and lower expression of Phialocephala-annotated transcripts compared to acid ecotype roots, which corresponded with reduced induction of pathogen defense processes, particularly lignin biosynthesis in limestone ecotypes. Ascomycota dominated in shoots and limestone soil roots, but Phialocephala-annotated transcripts were insignificant, and no single Ascomycete genus dominated. Fusarium-annotated transcripts were the most common genus in shoots, with Colletotrichum and Rhizophagus (AM fungi) most numerous in limestone soil roots. The latter coincided with upregulation of plant genes involved in AM symbiosis initiation and AM-based P acquisition in an environment where P availability is low. CONCLUSIONS Meta-transcriptome analyses provided novel insights into H. lanatus transcriptome responses, associated eukaryotic microbiota functions and taxonomic community composition. Significant edaphic and plant ecotype effects were identified, demonstrating that meta-transcriptome-based functional analysis is a powerful tool for the study of natural plant-microbiome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Young
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Caroline Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
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22
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Carey M, Donaldson E, Signes-Pastor AJ, Meharg AA. Dilution of rice with other gluten free grains to lower inorganic arsenic in foods for young children in response to European Union regulations provides impetus to setting stricter standards. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194700. [PMID: 29547635 PMCID: PMC5856424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing realisation that young infants are exposed to elevated concentrations of the carcinogen inorganic arsenic, relative to adults. This is because many infant food products are rice based, and rice is ~10-fold elevated in inorganic arsenic compared to most other foods. The European Commission (EC) has acted on this concern setting stricter standards for infants, 100 μg of inorganic arsenic per kg of food (100 μg/kg), as compared to adults (200 μg/kg), for rice based foods, a law that was brought into place in 1st January 2016. Here we investigate how this law has impacted on inorganic arsenic in baby food products in the UK market, and compare the findings to previous baby food surveys taken before and just after the law came into place. We find that for a wide range of UK infant products that the new regulations are being adhered to, with all samples surveyed, being under 100 μg/kg inorganic arsenic. The prevalence of pure rice products had decreased in the UK, and there appears to be careful sourcing of the rice used in these products to ensure conformity with regulations. There has been an increased presence of mixed cereal products, with rice and maize as the main ingredient, appearing on the UK market, with varying rice contents for infant porridges, cakes and mueslis, with the latter being a relatively innovative product for infant foods. There was a highly significant correlation (P<0.0001) between rice content and inorganic arsenic concentration across all infant foods. When UK infant rice cakes, breakfast cereals and porridges were compare to their general, i.e. not labelled specifically for being for infant consumption, equivalent it was found that the adult foods generally exceeded the 100 μg/kg inorganic arsenic standard for infant foods. Thus, infants should not be given rice products not specifically labelled as being for them if a lower inorganic arsenic diet is to be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Emily Donaldson
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- * E-mail:
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23
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Bao P, Li GX, Sun GX, Xu YY, Meharg AA, Zhu YG. The role of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes in the coupling of element biogeochemical cycling. Sci Total Environ 2018; 613-614:398-408. [PMID: 28918271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) represent a diverse group of heterotrophic and autotrophic microorganisms that are ubiquitous in anoxic habitats. In addition to their important role in both sulfur and carbon cycles, SRP are important biotic and abiotic regulators of a variety of sulfur-driven coupled biogeochemical cycling of elements, including: oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine and metal(loid)s. SRP gain energy form most of the coupling of element transformation. Once sulfate-reducing conditions are established, sulfide precipitation becomes the predominant abiotic mechanism of metal(loid)s transformation, followed by co-precipitation between metal(loid)s. Anthropogenic contamination, since the industrial revolution, has dramatically disturbed sulfur-driven biogeochemical cycling; making sulfur coupled elements transformation complicated and unpredictable. We hypothesise that sulfur might be detoxication agent for the organic and inorganic toxic compounds, through the metabolic activity of SRP. This review synthesizes the recent advances in the role of SRP in coupled biogeochemical cycling of diverse elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bao
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, PR China
| | - Guo-Xiang Li
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100086, PR China
| | - Yao-Yang Xu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, PR China
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100086, PR China.
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24
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Chowdhury MTA, Deacon CM, Steel E, Imamul Huq SM, Paton GI, Price AH, Williams PN, Meharg AA, Norton GJ. Physiographical variability in arsenic dynamics in Bangladeshi soils. Sci Total Environ 2018; 612:1365-1372. [PMID: 28898943 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants grown on soils with elevated arsenic have been shown to have increased arsenic content in their grains. To gain a better understanding of the likelihood of high grain arsenic in rice grown in different soils, it is important to understand the factors affecting the bioavailability and mobility of arsenic. Paddy soils from six different physiographic regions of Bangladesh were collected, and diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) were used to assess the porewater and solid phase arsenic. While significant differences were identified in total soil arsenic (1.4-9.8mg/kg), porewater arsenic (AsCsoln) (5.6-64.7μg/l), labile arsenic (AsCDGT) (6.3-77.6μg/l), and solid phase pool of arsenic (AsKd) (52-1057l/kg), importantly arsenic resupply capacity was not different between the physiographic regions. All soils had a high ratio of DGT to porewater arsenic (~1), this in conjunction with the porewater arsenic values and the high AsKd values suggesting a large solid phase pool of arsenic capable of contributing towards the resupply/transport of the labile pool of arsenic in the soil porewater. This indicates that there is less difference in soil arsenic availability than might be predicted based solely on total soil arsenic content between the physiographic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tanvir A Chowdhury
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom; Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Claire M Deacon
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Steel
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | | | - Graeme I Paton
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Adam H Price
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth J Norton
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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Savage L, Carey M, Hossain M, Islam MR, de Silva PMCS, Williams PN, Meharg AA. Elevated Trimethylarsine Oxide and Inorganic Arsenic in Northern Hemisphere Summer Monsoonal Wet Deposition. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:12210-12218. [PMID: 28977751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
For arsenic speciation, the inputs for wet deposition are not well understood. Here we demonstrate that trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) and inorganic arsenic are the dominant species in monsoonal wet deposition in the summer Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh, with inorganic arsenic dominating, accounting for ∼80% of total arsenic in this medium. Lower concentrations of both species were found in monsoonal wet deposition in the winter Indian subcontinent, Sri Lanka. The only other species present was dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), but this was usually below limits of detection (LoD). We hypothesize that TMAO and inorganic arsenic in monsoonal wet deposition are predominantly of marine origin. For TMAO, the potential source is the atmospheric oxidation of marine derived trimethylarsine. For inorganic arsenic, our evidence suggests entrainment of water column inorganic arsenic into atmospheric particulates. These conclusions are based on weather trajectory analysis and on the strong correlations with known wet deposition marine derived elements: boron, iodine, and selenium. The finding that TMAO and inorganic arsenic are widely present and elevated in monsoonal wet deposition identifies major knowledge gaps that need to be addressed regarding the understanding of arsenic's global cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Savage
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland
| | - Mahmud Hossain
- Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - M Rafiqul Islam
- Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - P Mangala C S de Silva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna , Matara 81170, Sri Lanka
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast , David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland
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26
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Carey M, García de la Hera M, Sunyer J, Casas M, Riaño-Galán I, Tardón A, Llop S, Amorós R, Amiano P, Bilbao JR, Karagas MR, Meharg AA. Concentrations of urinary arsenic species in relation to rice and seafood consumption among children living in Spain. Environ Res 2017; 159:69-75. [PMID: 28772151 PMCID: PMC5985515 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (i-As) has been related to wide-ranging health effects in children, leading to lifelong concerns. Proportionally, dietary i-As exposure dominates in regions with low arsenic drinking water. This study aims to investigate the relation between rice and seafood consumption and urinary arsenic species during childhood and to assess the proportion of urinary i-As metabolites. Urinary arsenic species concentration in 400 4-year-old children living in four geographical areas of Spain, in addition to repeated measures from 100 children at 7 years of age are included in this study. Rice and seafood products intake was collected from children's parents using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). At 4 years of age, children's urine i-As and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) concentrations increased with rice product consumption (p-value = 0.010 and 0.018, respectively), and urinary arsenobetaine (AsB) with seafood consumption (p = 0.002). Four-year-old children had a higher consumption of both rice and seafood per body weight and a higher urinary %MMA (p-value = 0.001) and lower % dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) (p-value = 0.017). This study suggests increased dietary i-As exposure related to rice product consumption among children living in Spain, and the younger ones may be especially vulnerable to the health impacts of this exposure also considering that they might have a lower i-As methylation capacity than older children. In contrast, seafood consumption did not appear to influence the presence of potentially toxic arsenic species in this population of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Jesus Vioque
- University Miguel Hernández, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d ́Alacant, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- University Miguel Hernández, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d ́Alacant, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manoli García de la Hera
- University Miguel Hernández, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d ́Alacant, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Pediatric Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Amorós
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Government of the Basque Country, Avenida Navarra, 4, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain; Biodonostia Research Institute, Paseo Dr Beguiristain s/n, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José R Bilbao
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), BioCruces Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon NH03766, USA
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
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27
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Chowdhury MTA, Deacon CM, Jones GD, Imamul Huq SM, Williams PN, Manzurul Hoque AFM, Winkel LHE, Price AH, Norton GJ, Meharg AA. Arsenic in Bangladeshi soils related to physiographic region, paddy management, and mirco- and macro-elemental status. Sci Total Environ 2017; 590-591:406-415. [PMID: 28285852 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
While the impact of arsenic in irrigated agriculture has become a major environmental concern in Bangladesh, to date there is still a limited understanding of arsenic in Bangladeshi paddy soils at a landscape level. A soil survey was conducted across ten different physiographic regions of Bangladesh, which encompassed six types of geomorphology (Bil, Brahmaputra floodplain, Ganges floodplain, Meghna floodplain, Karatoya-Bangali floodplain and Pleistocene terrace). A total of 1209 paddy soils and 235 matched non-paddy soils were collected. The source of irrigation water (groundwater and surface water) was also recorded. The concentrations of arsenic and sixteen other elements were determined in the soil samples. The concentration of arsenic was higher in paddy soils compared to non-paddy soils, with soils irrigated with groundwater being higher in arsenic than those irrigated with surface water. There was a clear difference between the Holocene floodplains and the Pleistocene terraces, with Holocene floodplain soils being higher in arsenic and other elements. The results suggest that arsenic is most likely associated with less well weathered/leached soils, suggesting it is either due to the geological newness of Holocene sediments or differences between the sources of sediments, which gives rise to the arsenic problems in Bangladeshi soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tanvir A Chowdhury
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK; Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Claire M Deacon
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Gerrad D Jones
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, CH, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - S M Imamul Huq
- Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - A F M Manzurul Hoque
- Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI), Khamar Bari Road, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Lenny H E Winkel
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, CH, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adam H Price
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Gareth J Norton
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK.
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Abstract
The biotransformation of arsenic is highly relevant to the arsenic biogeochemical cycle. Identification of the molecular details of microbial pathways of arsenic biotransformation coupled with analyses of microbial communities by meta-omics can provide insights into detailed aspects of the complexities of this biocycle. Arsenic transformations couple to other biogeochemical cycles, and to the fate of both nutrients and other toxic environmental contaminants. Microbial redox metabolism of iron, carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen affects the redox and bioavailability of arsenic species. In this critical review we illustrate the biogeochemical processes and genes involved in arsenic biotransformations. We discuss how current and future metagenomic-, metatranscriptomic-, metaproteomic-, and metabolomic-based methods will help to decipher individual microbial arsenic transformation processes, and their connections to other biogeochemical cycle. These insights will allow future use of microbial metabolic capabilities for new biotechnological solutions to environmental problems. To understand the complex nature of inorganic and organic arsenic species and the fate of environmental arsenic will require integrating systematic approaches with biogeochemical modeling. Finally, from the lessons learned from these studies of arsenic biogeochemistry, we will be able to predict how the environment changes arsenic, and, in response, how arsenic biotransformations change the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Corresponding Author: Phone: +86(0)592 6190997; fax: +86(0)592 6190977;
| | - Xi-Mei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Barry P Rosen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5HN, United Kingdom
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Meharg AA, Cumbes QJ, Macnair MR. PRE-ADAPTATION OF YORKSHIRE FOG, HOLCUS LANATUS
L. (POACEAE) TO ARSENATE TOLERANCE. Evolution 2017; 47:313-316. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01220.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/1992] [Accepted: 06/24/1992] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. Meharg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hatherly Laboratories; University of Exeter; Prince of Wales Road Exeter EX4 4PS UK
| | - Quinton J. Cumbes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hatherly Laboratories; University of Exeter; Prince of Wales Road Exeter EX4 4PS UK
| | - Mark R. Macnair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hatherly Laboratories; University of Exeter; Prince of Wales Road Exeter EX4 4PS UK
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Zhu YG, Reid BJ, Meharg AA, Banwart SA, Fu BJ. Optimizing Peri-URban Ecosystems (PURE) to re-couple urban-rural symbiosis. Sci Total Environ 2017; 586:1085-1090. [PMID: 28214118 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Globally, rapid urbanization, along with economic development, is dramatically changing the balance of biogeochemical cycles, impacting upon ecosystem services and impinging on United Nation global sustainability goals (inter alia: sustainable cities and communities; responsible consumption and production; good health and well-being; clean water and sanitation, and; to protect and conserve life on land and below water). A key feature of the urban ecosystems is that nutrient stocks, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), are being enriched. Furthermore, urban ecosystems are highly engineered, biogeochemical cycling of nutrients within urban ecosystems is spatially segregated, and nutrients exported (e.g. in food) from rural/peri-urban areas are not being returned to support primary production in these environments. To redress these imbalances we propose the concept of the Peri-URban Ecosystem (PURE). Through the merging of conceptual approaches that relate to Critical Zone science and the dynamics of successional climax PURE serves at the symbiotic interface between rural/natural and urban ecosystems and allow re-coupling of resource flows. PURE provides a framework for tackling the most pressing of societal challenges and supporting global sustainability goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; State Key Lab of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Brian J Reid
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Steve A Banwart
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Bo-Jie Fu
- State Key Lab of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
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31
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Woodside JV, McMullan P, Mullan K, Carey M, Karagas MR, Meharg AA. Levels of infants' urinary arsenic metabolites related to formula feeding and weaning with rice products exceeding the EU inorganic arsenic standard. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176923. [PMID: 28472079 PMCID: PMC5417520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood inorganic arsenic (i-As) exposure is of particular concern since it may adversely impact on lifetime health outcomes. Infants' urinary arsenic (As) metabolites were analysed in 79 infants by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometric detection (IC-ICP-MS) to evaluate i-As exposure pre- and post-weaning. Levels of i-As in rice-based weaning and infants' foods were also determined to relate to urinary As levels. Higher As levels, especially of monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), were found in urine from formula fed infants compared to those breastfed. Urine from infants post-weaning consuming rice-products resulted in higher urinary MMA and DMA compared to the paired pre-weaning urine samples. The European Union (EU) has regulated i-As in rice since 1st January 2016. Comparing infants' rice-based foods before and after this date, little change was found. Nearly ¾ of the rice-based products specifically marketed for infants and young children contained i-As over the 0.1 mg/kg EU limit. Efforts should be made to provide low i-As rice and rice-based products consumed by infants and young children that do not exceed the maximum i-As level to protect this vulnerable subpopulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Jayne V. Woodside
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Paul McMullan
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Mullan
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Science B, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Carey M, Meharg AA. Inorganic arsenic removal in rice bran by percolating cooking water. Food Chem 2017; 234:76-80. [PMID: 28551270 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rice bran, a by-product of milling rice, is highly nutritious but contains very high levels of the non-threshold carcinogen inorganic arsenic (i-As), at concentrations around 1mg/kg. This i-As content needs to be reduced to make rice bran a useful food ingredient. Evaluated here is a novel approach to minimizing rice bran i-As content which is also suitable for its stabilization namely, cooking bran in percolating arsenic-free boiling water. Up to 96% of i-As removal was observed for a range of rice bran products, with i-As removal related to the volume of cooking water used. This process reduced the copper, potassium, and phosphorus content, but had little effect on other trace- and macro-nutrient elements in the rice bran. There was little change in organic composition, as assayed by NIR, except for a decrease in the soluble sugar and an increase, due to biomass loss, in dietary fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern, Ireland, UK.
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern, Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern, Ireland, UK
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Punshon T, Jackson BP, Meharg AA, Warczack T, Scheckel K, Guerinot ML. Understanding arsenic dynamics in agronomic systems to predict and prevent uptake by crop plants. Sci Total Environ 2017; 581-582:209-220. [PMID: 28043702 PMCID: PMC5303541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review is on arsenic in agronomic systems, and covers processes that influence the entry of arsenic into the human food supply. The scope is from sources of arsenic (natural and anthropogenic) in soils, biogeochemical and rhizosphere processes that control arsenic speciation and availability, through to mechanisms of uptake by crop plants and potential mitigation strategies. This review makes a case for taking steps to prevent or limit crop uptake of arsenic, wherever possible, and to work toward a long-term solution to the presence of arsenic in agronomic systems. The past two decades have seen important advances in our understanding of how biogeochemical and physiological processes influence human exposure to soil arsenic, and this must now prompt an informed reconsideration and unification of regulations to protect the quality of agricultural and residential soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Punshon
- Dartmouth College, Department of Biology, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Dartmouth College, Department of Earth Sciences, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5HN, United Kingdom.
| | - Todd Warczack
- Dartmouth College, Department of Biology, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Kirk Scheckel
- USEPA Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Laboratory, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA.
| | - Mary Lou Guerinot
- Dartmouth College, Department of Biology, 78 College Street, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
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Bosle J, Goetz S, Raab A, Krupp EM, Scheckel KG, Lombi E, Meharg AA, Fowler PA, Feldmann J. Cobalamin Concentrations in Fetal Liver Show Gender Differences: A Result from Using a High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography–Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry as an Ultratrace Cobalt Speciation Method. Anal Chem 2016; 88:12419-12426. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Bosle
- TESLA
(Trace Element Speciation Laboratory), Department of Chemistry, Meston
Walk, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
| | - Sven Goetz
- TESLA
(Trace Element Speciation Laboratory), Department of Chemistry, Meston
Walk, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
| | - Andrea Raab
- TESLA
(Trace Element Speciation Laboratory), Department of Chemistry, Meston
Walk, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
| | - Eva M. Krupp
- TESLA
(Trace Element Speciation Laboratory), Department of Chemistry, Meston
Walk, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
| | - Kirk G. Scheckel
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National
Risk Management Research Laboratory Land Remediation and Pollution
Control Division, 5995
Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45224, United States
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, SA-5095, Australia
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute
for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Malone Road, Belfast, Ireland, BT9
5BN, U.K
| | - Paul A. Fowler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, U.K
| | - Jörg Feldmann
- TESLA
(Trace Element Speciation Laboratory), Department of Chemistry, Meston
Walk, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, Scotland, U.K
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Olszewska JP, Meharg AA, Heal KV, Carey M, Gunn IDM, Searle KR, Winfield IJ, Spears BM. Assessing the Legacy of Red Mud Pollution in a Shallow Freshwater Lake: Arsenic Accumulation and Speciation in Macrophytes. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:9044-9052. [PMID: 27415607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about long-term ecological responses in lakes following red mud pollution. Among red mud contaminants, arsenic (As) is of considerable concern. Determination of the species of As accumulated in aquatic organisms provides important information about the biogeochemical cycling of the element and transfer through the aquatic food-web to higher organisms. We used coupled ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to assess As speciation in tissues of five macrophyte taxa in Kinghorn Loch, U.K., 30 years following the diversion of red mud pollution from the lake. Toxic inorganic As was the dominant species in the studied macrophytes, with As species concentrations varying with macrophyte taxon and tissue type. The highest As content measured in roots of Persicaria amphibia (L.) Gray (87.2 mg kg(-1)) greatly exceeded the 3-10 mg kg(-1) range suggested as a potential phytotoxic level. Accumulation of toxic As species by plants suggested toxicological risk to higher organisms known to utilize macrophytes as a food source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna P Olszewska
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH Edinburgh), Bush Estate , Penicuik EH26 0QB, Scotland, United Kingdom
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh , Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 5HN, United Kingdom
| | - Kate V Heal
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh , Crew Building, Alexander Crum Brown Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast BT9 5HN, United Kingdom
| | - Iain D M Gunn
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH Edinburgh), Bush Estate , Penicuik EH26 0QB, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Kate R Searle
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH Edinburgh), Bush Estate , Penicuik EH26 0QB, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J Winfield
- Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH Lancaster), Lancaster Environment Centre , Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan M Spears
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH Edinburgh), Bush Estate , Penicuik EH26 0QB, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Carey M, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Rodríguez-Dehli C, Tardón A, Begoña-Zubero M, Santa-Marina L, Vrijheid M, Casas M, Llop S, Gonzalez-Palacios S, Meharg AA. Urinary Arsenic Speciation in Children and Pregnant Women from Spain. Expo Health 2016; 9:105-111. [PMID: 28553665 PMCID: PMC5425496 DOI: 10.1007/s12403-016-0225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (i-As) is a non-threshold human carcinogen that has been associated with several adverse health outcomes. Exposure to i-As is of particular concern among pregnant women, infants and children, as they are specifically vulnerable to the adverse health effects of i-As, and in utero and early-life exposure, even low to moderate levels of i-As, may have a marked effect throughout the lifespan. Ion chromatography-mass spectrometry detection (IC-ICP-MS) was used to analyse urinary arsenic speciation, as an exposure biomarker, in samples of 4-year-old children with relatively low-level arsenic exposure living in different regions in Spain including Asturias, Gipuzkoa, Sabadell and Valencia. The profile of arsenic metabolites in urine was also determined in samples taken during pregnancy (1st trimester) and in the children from Valencia of 7 years old. The median of the main arsenic species found in the 4-year-old children was 9.71 μg/l (arsenobetaine-AsB), 3.97 μg/l (dimethylarsinic acid-DMA), 0.44 μg/l (monomethylarsonic acid-MMA) and 0.35 μg/l (i-As). Statistically significant differences were found in urinary AsB, MMA and i-As according to the study regions in the 4-year-old, and also in DMA among pregnant women and their children. Spearman's correlation coefficient among urinary arsenic metabolites was calculated, and, in general, a strong methylation capacity to methylate i-As to MMA was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jesus Vioque
- Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avenida de Alicante KM 87, 03550 Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M. Navarrete-Muñoz
- Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avenida de Alicante KM 87, 03550 Sant Joan d’Alacant, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Adonina Tardón
- Servicio de Pediatría Hospital San Agustín, Asturias, Avilés, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Begoña-Zubero
- University of the Basque Country, Bizkaia, Spain
- Public Health Department, Basque Goverment, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Public Health Department, Basque Goverment, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- FISABIO–Universitat deValència–Universitat Jaume I Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Carey M, Carbonell-Barrachina AA, Moreno-Jiménez E, Green AJ, Meharg AA. Geographical variation in inorganic arsenic in paddy field samples and commercial rice from the Iberian Peninsula. Food Chem 2016; 202:356-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fowler PA, Drake AJ, O’Shaughnessy PJ, Bhattacharya S, Raab A, Sinclair KD, Feldmann J, Meharg AA. Comment on "Effects of Arsenite during Fetal Development on Energy Metabolism and Susceptibility to Diet-Induced Fatty Liver Diseases in Male Mice" and "Mechanisms Underlying Latent Disease Risk Associated with Early-Life Arsenic Exposure: Current Trends and Scientific Gaps". Environ Health Perspect 2016; 124:A99. [PMID: 27248187 PMCID: PMC4892931 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1611345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Fowler
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to P.A. Fowler, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom. E-mail:
| | - Amanda J. Drake
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. O’Shaughnessy
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrea Raab
- TESLA (Trace Element Speciation Laboratory) and Marine Biodiscovery Laboratory, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin D. Sinclair
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg Feldmann
- TESLA (Trace Element Speciation Laboratory) and Marine Biodiscovery Laboratory, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Quinn LR, Meharg AA, van Franeker JA, Graham IM, Thompson PM. Validating the use of intrinsic markers in body feathers to identify inter-individual differences in non-breeding areas of northern fulmars. Mar Biol 2016; 163:64. [PMID: 27065496 PMCID: PMC4771816 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-016-2822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Many wildlife studies use chemical analyses to explore spatio-temporal variation in diet, migratory patterns and contaminant exposure. Intrinsic markers are particularly valuable for studying non-breeding marine predators, when direct methods of investigation are rarely feasible. However, any inferences regarding foraging ecology are dependent upon the time scale over which tissues such as feathers are formed. In this study, we validate the use of body feathers for studying non-breeding foraging patterns in a pelagic seabird, the northern fulmar. Analysis of carcasses of successfully breeding adult fulmars indicated that body feathers moulted between September and March, whereas analyses of carcasses and activity patterns suggested that wing feather and tail feather moult occurred during more restricted periods (September to October and September to January, respectively). By randomly sampling relevant body feathers, average values for individual birds were shown to be consistent. We also integrated chemical analyses of body feather with geolocation tracking data to demonstrate that analyses of δ13C and δ15N values successfully assigned 88 % of birds to one of two broad wintering regions used by breeding adult fulmars from a Scottish study colony. These data provide strong support for the use of body feathers as a tool for exploring non-breeding foraging patterns and diet in wide-ranging, pelagic seabirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy R. Quinn
- />Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Lighthouse Field Station, Cromarty, IV11 8YJ UK
- />British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET UK
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- />Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - Isla M. Graham
- />Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Lighthouse Field Station, Cromarty, IV11 8YJ UK
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- />Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Lighthouse Field Station, Cromarty, IV11 8YJ UK
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Sun GX, Meharg AA, Li G, Chen Z, Yang L, Chen SC, Zhu YG. Distribution of soil selenium in China is potentially controlled by deposition and volatilization? Sci Rep 2016; 6:20953. [PMID: 26883576 PMCID: PMC4756323 DOI: 10.1038/srep20953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the environmental drivers of selenium (Se) spatial distribution in soils at a continental scale is essential to better understand it’s biogeochemical cycling to improve Se transfer into diets. Through modelling Se biogeochemistry in China we found that deposition and volatilization are key factors controlling distribution in surface soil, rather than bedrock-derived Se (<0.1 mg/kg). Wet deposition associated with the East Asian summer monsoon, and dry deposition associated with the East Asian winter monsoon, are responsible for dominant Se inputs into northwest and southeast China, respectively. In Central China the rate of soil Se volatilization is similar to that of Se deposition, suggesting that Se volatilization offsets it’s deposition, resulting in negligible net Se input in soil. Selenium in surface soil at Central China is roughly equal to low petrogenic Se, which is the main reason for the presence of the Se poor belt. We suggest that both deposition and volatilization of Se could play a key role in Se balance in other terrestrial environments worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Northern Ireland, BT9 5BN, UK
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Ren'ai Road, No.111, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Song-Can Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.,Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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Norton GJ, Deacon CM, Mestrot A, Feldmann J, Jenkins P, Baskaran C, Meharg AA. Cadmium and lead in vegetable and fruit produce selected from specific regional areas of the UK. Sci Total Environ 2015; 533:520-527. [PMID: 26188403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium and lead were determined in fruit and vegetable produce (~1300 samples) collected from a field and market basket study of locally grown produce from the South-West of Britain (Devon and Cornwall). These were compared with similarly locally grown produce from the North-East of Britain (Aberdeenshire). The concentrations of cadmium and lead in the market basket produce were compared to the maximum levels (ML) set by the European Union (EU). For cadmium 0.2% of the samples exceeded the ML, and 0.6% of the samples exceeded the ML for lead. The location of cadmium and lead in potatoes was performed using laser ablation ICP-MS. All tested samples exhibited higher lead concentrations, and most exhibited increased concentrations of cadmium in the potato skin compared to the flesh. The concentrations of cadmium and lead found in fruits and vegetables sampled during this study do not increase concern about risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Norton
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
| | - Claire M Deacon
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK
| | - Adrien Mestrot
- Soil Science Group, Institute of Geography, Universität Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joerg Feldmann
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Paul Jenkins
- Food Standards Agency, Aviation House, Kingsway, London WC2B 6NH, UK
| | | | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, UK
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42
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Carey M, Jiujin X, Gomes Farias J, Meharg AA. Rethinking Rice Preparation for Highly Efficient Removal of Inorganic Arsenic Using Percolating Cooking Water. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131608. [PMID: 26200355 PMCID: PMC4511802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel way of cooking rice to maximize the removal of the carcinogen inorganic arsenic (Asi) is presented here. In conventional rice cooking water and grain are in continuous contact, and it is known that the larger the water:rice cooking ratio, the more Asi removed by cooking, suggesting that the Asi in the grain is mobile in water. Experiments were designed where rice is cooked in a continual stream of percolating near boiling water, either low in Asi, or Asi free. This has the advantage of not only exposing grain to large volumes of cooking water, but also physically removes any Asi leached from the grain into the water receiving vessel. The relationship between cooking water volume and Asi removal in conventional rice cooking was demonstrated for the rice types under study. At a water-to-rice cooking ratio of 12:1, 57±5% of Asi could be removed, average of 6 wholegrain and 6 polished rice samples. Two types of percolating technology were tested, one where the cooking water was recycled through condensing boiling water steam and passing the freshly distilled hot water through the grain in a laboratory setting, and one where tap water was used to cook the rice held in an off-the-shelf coffee percolator in a domestic setting. Both approaches proved highly effective in removing Asi from the cooking rice, with up to 85% of Asi removed from individual rice types. For the recycled water experiment 59±8% and 69±10% of Asi was removed, on average, compared to uncooked rice for polished (n=27) and wholegrain (n=13) rice, respectively. For coffee percolation there was no difference between wholegrain and polished rice, and the effectiveness of Asi removal was 49±7% across 6 wholegrain and 6 polished rice samples. The manuscript explores the potential applications and further optimization of this percolating cooking water, high Asi removal, discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Xiao Jiujin
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Júlia Gomes Farias
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Drake AJ, O'Shaughnessy PJ, Bhattacharya S, Monteiro A, Kerrigan D, Goetz S, Raab A, Rhind SM, Sinclair KD, Meharg AA, Feldmann J, Fowler PA. In utero exposure to cigarette chemicals induces sex-specific disruption of one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation in the human fetal liver. BMC Med 2015; 13:18. [PMID: 25630355 PMCID: PMC4310040 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal smoking is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for low birthweight, which is strongly associated with increased cardiometabolic disease risk in adulthood. Maternal smoking reduces the levels of the methyl donor vitamin B12 and is associated with altered DNA methylation at birth. Altered DNA methylation may be an important mechanism underlying increased disease susceptibility; however, the extent to which this can be induced in the developing fetus is unknown. METHODS In this retrospective study, we measured concentrations of cobalt, vitamin B12, and mRNA transcripts encoding key enzymes in the 1-carbon cycle in 55 fetal human livers obtained from 11 to 21 weeks of gestation elective terminations and matched for gestation and maternal smoking. DNA methylation was measured at critical regions known to be susceptible to the in utero environment. Homocysteine concentrations were analyzed in plasma from 60 fetuses. RESULTS In addition to identifying baseline sex differences, we found that maternal smoking was associated with sex-specific alterations of fetal liver vitamin B12, plasma homocysteine and expression of enzymes in the 1-carbon cycle in fetal liver. In the majority of the measured parameters which showed a sex difference, maternal smoking reduced the magnitude of that difference. Maternal smoking also altered DNA methylation at the imprinted gene IGF2 and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR/NR3C1). CONCLUSIONS Our unique data strengthen studies linking in utero exposures to altered DNA methylation by showing, for the first time, that such changes are present in fetal life and in a key metabolic target tissue, human fetal liver. Furthermore, these data propose a novel mechanism by which such changes are induced, namely through alterations in methyl donor availability and changes in 1-carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Drake
- Endocrinology Unit, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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44
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Campbell RC, Stephens WE, Meharg AA. Consistency of arsenic speciation in global tobacco products with implications for health and regulation. Tob Induc Dis 2014; 12:24. [PMID: 25540607 PMCID: PMC4275931 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-014-0024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco smoke is a major risk to the health of its users and arsenic is among the components of smoke present at concentrations of toxicological concern. There are significant variations in human toxicity between inorganic and organic arsenic species and the aim of this study was to determine whether there are predictable relationships among major arsenic species in tobacco that could be useful for risk assessment. Methods 14 samples of tobacco were studied spanning a wide range of concentrations in samples from different geographical regions, including certified reference materials and cigarette products. Inorganic and major organic arsenic species were extracted from powdered tobacco samples by nitric acid using microwave digestion. Concentrations of arsenic species in these extracts were determined using HPLC-ICPMS. Results The concentrations of total inorganic arsenic species range from 144 to 3914 μg kg-1, while organic species dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) ranges from 21 to 176 μg As kg-1, and monomethylarsonic acid (MA) ranges from 30 to 116 μg kg-1. The percentage of species eluted compared to the total arsenic extracted ranges from 11.1 to 36.8% suggesting that some As species (possibly macro-molecules, strongly complexed or in organic forms) do not elute from the column. This low percentage of column-speciated arsenic is indicative that more complex forms of arsenic exist in the tobacco. All the analysed species correlate positively with total arsenic concentration over the whole compositional range and regression analysis indicates a consistent ratio of about 4:1 in favour of inorganic arsenic compared with MA + DMA. Conclusions The dominance of inorganic arsenic species among those components analysed is a marked feature of the diverse range of tobaccos selected for study. Such consistency is important in the context of a WHO expert panel recommendation to regulate tobacco crops and products using total arsenic concentration. If implemented more research would be required to develop models that accurately predict the smoker’s exposure to reduced inorganic arsenic species on the basis of leaf or product concentration and product design features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Cj Campbell
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, Irvine Building, North Street, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL UK
| | - W Edryd Stephens
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, Irvine Building, North Street, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL UK
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stanmills Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG UK
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Carey M, Meharg AA. Inorganic arsenic in rice-based products for infants and young children. Food Chem 2014; 191:128-34. [PMID: 26258711 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (Asi) is a chronic, non-threshold carcinogen. Rice and rice-based products can be the major source of Asi for many subpopulations. Baby rice, rice cereals and rice crackers are widely used to feed infants and young children. The Asi concentration in rice-based products may pose a health risk for infants and young children. Asi concentration was determined in rice-based products produced in the European Union and risk assessment associated with the consumption of these products by infants and young children, and compared to an identical US FDA survey. There are currently no European Union or United States of America regulations applicable to Asi in food. However, this study suggests that the samples evaluated may introduce significant concentration of Asi into infants' and young children's diets. Thus, there is an urgent need for regulatory limits on Asi in food, especially for baby rice-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Meharg AA, Williams PN, Deacon CM, Norton GJ, Hossain M, Louhing D, Marwa E, Lawgalwi Y, Taggart M, Cascio C, Haris P. Urinary excretion of arsenic following rice consumption. Environ Pollut 2014; 194:181-187. [PMID: 25145278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Patterns of arsenic excretion were followed in a cohort (n = 6) eating a defined rice diet, 300 g per day d.wt. where arsenic speciation was characterized in cooked rice, following a period of abstinence from rice, and other high arsenic containing foods. A control group who did not consume rice were also monitored. The rice consumed in the study contained inorganic arsenic and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) at a ratio of 1:1, yet the urine speciation was dominated by DMA (90%). At steady state (rice consumption/urinary excretion) ∼40% of rice derived arsenic was excreted via urine. By monitoring of each urine pass throughout the day it was observed that there was considerable variation (up to 13-fold) for an individual's total arsenic urine content, and that there was a time dependent variation in urinary total arsenic content. This calls into question the robustness of routinely used first pass/spot check urine sampling for arsenic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - P N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - C M Deacon
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - G J Norton
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - M Hossain
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK; Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - D Louhing
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - E Marwa
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK; Department of Soil Science, Soikoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3008, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Y Lawgalwi
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK; Department of Plant Production, University of Sirte, Libya
| | - M Taggart
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK; University of the Highlands and Islands, 12b Ness Walk, Inverness, Scotland, IV3 5SQ, UK
| | - C Cascio
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, Scotland, UK; European Commission, Ispra, Italy
| | - P Haris
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort Univ., The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
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Graham SF, Nasaruddin MB, Carey M, Holscher C, McGuinness B, Kehoe PG, Love S, Passmore P, Elliott CT, Meharg AA, Green BD. Age-Associated Changes of Brain Copper, Iron, and Zinc in Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 42:1407-13. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-140684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stewart F. Graham
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Muhammad Bin Nasaruddin
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christian Holscher
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Furness Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Patrick G. Kehoe
- Dementia Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Seth Love
- Dementia Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher T. Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Brian D. Green
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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48
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Norton GJ, Williams PN, Adomako EE, Price AH, Zhu Y, Zhao FJ, McGrath S, Deacon CM, Villada A, Sommella A, Lu Y, Ming L, De Silva PMCS, Brammer H, Dasgupta T, Islam MR, Meharg AA. Lead in rice: analysis of baseline lead levels in market and field collected rice grains. Sci Total Environ 2014; 485-486:428-434. [PMID: 24742552 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In a large scale survey of rice grains from markets (13 countries) and fields (6 countries), a total of 1578 rice grain samples were analysed for lead. From the market collected samples, only 0.6% of the samples exceeded the Chinese and EU limit of 0.2 μg g(-1) lead in rice (when excluding samples collected from known contaminated/mine impacted regions). When evaluating the rice grain samples against the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) provisional total tolerable intake (PTTI) values for children and pregnant women, it was found that only people consuming large quantities of rice were at risk of exceeding the PTTI from rice alone. Furthermore, 6 field experiments were conducted to evaluate the proportion of the variation in lead concentration in rice grains due to genetics. A total of 4 of the 6 field experiments had significant differences between genotypes, but when the genotypes common across all six field sites were assessed, only 4% of the variation was explained by genotype, with 9.5% and 11% of the variation explained by the environment and genotype by environment interaction respectively. Further work is needed to identify the sources of lead contamination in rice, with detailed information obtained on the locations and environments where the rice is sampled, so that specific risk assessments can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Norton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB 24 3UU, Scotland, UK.
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - Adam H Price
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB 24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Yongguan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Steve McGrath
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Claire M Deacon
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB 24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Antia Villada
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB 24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Alessia Sommella
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB 24 3UU, Scotland, UK
| | - Ying Lu
- South China Agricultural University, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Ming
- Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | | | - Hugh Brammer
- 37 Kingsway Court, Hove, East Sussex BN3 2LP, UK
| | - Tapash Dasgupta
- Calcutta University, 35 B.C. Road, Kolkata 700 019, West Bengal, India
| | - M Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
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Moreno-Jiménez E, Meharg AA, Smolders E, Manzano R, Becerra D, Sánchez-Llerena J, Albarrán Á, López-Piñero A. Sprinkler irrigation of rice fields reduces grain arsenic but enhances cadmium. Sci Total Environ 2014; 485-486:468-473. [PMID: 24742557 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that rice cultivated under flooded conditions has higher concentrations of arsenic (As) but lower cadmium (Cd) compared to rice grown in unsaturated soils. To validate such effects over long terms under Mediterranean conditions a field experiment, conducted over 7 successive years was established in SW Spain. The impact of water management on rice production and grain arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) was measured, and As speciation was determined to inform toxicity evaluation. Sprinkler irrigation was compared to traditional flooding. Both irrigation techniques resulted in similar grain yields (~3000 kg grain ha(-1)). Successive sprinkler irrigation over 7 years decreased grain total As to one-sixth its initial concentration in the flooded system (0.55 to 0.09 mg As kg(-1)), while one cycle of sprinkler irrigation also reduced grain total As by one-third (0.20 mg kg(-1)). Grain inorganic As concentration increased up to 2 folds under flooded conditions compared to sprinkler irrigated fields while organic As was also lower in sprinkler system treatments, but to a lesser extent. This suggests that methylation is favored under water logging. However, sprinkler irrigation increased Cd transfer to grain by a factor of 10, reaching 0.05 mg Cd kg(-1) in 7 years. Sprinkler systems in paddy fields seem particularly suited for Mediterranean climates and are able to mitigate against excessive As accumulation, but our evidence shows that an increased Cd load in rice grain may result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Moreno-Jiménez
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Erik Smolders
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Rebeca Manzano
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Becerra
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez-Llerena
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain
| | - Ángel Albarrán
- Department of Forest and Agricultural Engineering, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Piñero
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain
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50
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Ihnatowicz A, Siwinska J, Meharg AA, Carey M, Koornneef M, Reymond M. Conserved histidine of metal transporter AtNRAMP1 is crucial for optimal plant growth under manganese deficiency at chilling temperatures. New Phytol 2014; 202:1173-1183. [PMID: 24571269 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient required for plant growth, in particular in the process of photosynthesis. Plant performance is influenced by various environmental stresses including contrasting temperatures, light or nutrient deficiencies. The molecular responses of plants exposed to such stress factors in combination are largely unknown. Screening of 108 Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) accessions for reduced photosynthetic performance at chilling temperatures was performed and one accession (Hog) was isolated. Using genetic and molecular approaches, the molecular basis of this particular response to temperature (G × E interaction) was identified. Hog showed an induction of a severe leaf chlorosis and impaired growth after transfer to lower temperatures. We demonstrated that this response was dependent on the nutrient content of the soil. Genetic mapping and complementation identified NRAMP1 as the causal gene. Chlorotic phenotype was associated with a histidine to tyrosine (H239Y) substitution in the allele of Hog NRAMP1. This led to lethality when Hog seedlings were directly grown at 4°C. Chemical complementation and hydroponic culture experiments showed that Mn deficiency was the major cause of this G × E interaction. For the first time, the NRAMP-specific highly conserved histidine was shown to be crucial for plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ihnatowicz
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joanna Siwinska
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, ul. Kladki 24, 80-822, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, UK
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, UK
| | - Maarten Koornneef
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, NL-6708, PE Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Reymond
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Plant Cell Wall, Function and Utilization, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA Centre de Versailles-Grignon, Route de St-Cyr (RD10), 78026, Versailles Cedex, France
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