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Perrin H, Shannon K, Lowik AJ, Rich A, Baral S, Braschel M, Deering K. Access to and quality of care for sexual and gender minority women living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada: Results from a longitudinal cohort study. Womens Health (Lond) 2023; 19:17455057231205677. [PMID: 38116643 PMCID: PMC10676058 DOI: 10.1177/17455057231205677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While scarce, literature suggests that women at the intersection of HIV status and gender and/or sexual minority identities experience heightened social and health disparities within health care systems. OBJECTIVES This study examines the association between sexual and/or gender minority identities and: (1) experiences of poor treatment by health professionals and (2) being unable to access health services among a cohort of women living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada. DESIGN Data were drawn from a longitudinal community-based cohort of women living with HIV (Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS Women's Longitudinal Needs Assessment). METHODS We examined associations between sexual and/or gender minority identities and the two outcomes. We drew on explanatory variables to measure sexual minority and gender minority identities independently and a combined variable measuring sexual and/or gender minority identities. The associations between each of these three variables and each outcome were analysed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations for repeated measures over time. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are reported. RESULTS The study sample included 1460 observations on 315 participants over 4.5 years (September 2014 to February 2019). Overall, 125 (39.7%) reported poor treatment by health professionals and 102 (32.4%) reported being unable to access health care services when needed at least once over the study period. A total of 110 (34.9%) of participants reported sexual and/or gender minority identities, 106 (33.7%) reporting sexual minority identities, with 29 (9.2%) reporting gender minority identities. In multivariable analysis, adjusting for confounders, sexual minority identities, and combined sexual and/or gender minority identities were significantly associated with increased odds of experiencing poor treatment by health professionals (sexual minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.39 (0.94-2.05); sexual and/or gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.48 (1.00-2.18)) and being unable to access health services (sexual minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.89 (1.20-2.97); sexual and/or gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.91 (1.23-2.98)). In multivariable analysis, gender minority identities were not significantly associated with increased odds of experiencing poor treatment by health professionals (gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.76-2.52) and being unable to access health services (gender minority adjusted odds ratio = 1.72; 95% CI = 0.89-3.31) possibly due to low sample size among women with gender minority identities. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest the need for access to inclusive, affirming, trauma-informed health care services tailored specifically for and by women living with HIV with sexual and/or gender minority identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Perrin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Shannon
- Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity (CGSHE), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - AJ Lowik
- Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity (CGSHE), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Rich
- Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity (CGSHE), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Social Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S Baral
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M Braschel
- Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity (CGSHE), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K Deering
- Centre for Gender & Sexual Health Equity (CGSHE), The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Social Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Elwell R, Rich A. Use of upper-limb compression garments in the management of lipoedema. Br J Community Nurs 2020; 25:S26-S27. [PMID: 33030376 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.sup10.s26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Compression hosiery is commonly used for the management of lymphoedema as well as lipoedema, but it is more commonly indicated for the lower limbs than for the upper limbs. The effects of compression hosiery on upper-limb lipoedema are poorly understood and researched. It is known that compression hosiery works in conjunction with activity or movement when standing or walking, which produces anti-inflammatory and oxygenating effects in the tissues. This effect is naturally difficult to realise in the upper limbs. Lymphoedema practitioners who treat those with lipoedema should bear in mind that compression treatment might not produce the same effects in upper-limb lipoedema as it does in lower-limb lipoedema. In these times of an overstretched health service, pragmatic resource use is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Elwell
- Macmillan Lymphoedema Advanced Nurse Practitioner and Team Leader, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust; British Lymphology Society Trustee
| | - Anna Rich
- Clinical Nurse Specialist/Team Leader Lymphoedema, Lymphoedema Clinic, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust
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Arias G, Dennis C, Loo S, Lazier AL, Moye KD, Moye K, O'Connor C, Rich A, Weinberg M, Butler JD. A Space to Speak: Therapeutic Theater to Address Gender-Based Violence. Violence Against Women 2020; 26:1771-1789. [PMID: 32869733 DOI: 10.1177/1077801220942835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the experience of eight graduate students in the drama therapy program at Lesley University when creating and performing a theater piece centered around gender-based violence. The performance piece, A Space to Speak, used the performers' real-life stories to highlight their vastly different, yet strikingly similar, experiences and invited the audience to examine their own relationship to those stories. A description of the process used to create and perform the piece is followed by a discussion of the impact the process had on the performers and audience members.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Rich
- Lesley University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Rich A, Swales H, Piviani M, Finotello R, Blundell R. Thyroid Carcinosarcoma in a Cat. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Even M, Girard M, Rich A, Hutzler C, Luch A. Emissions of VOCs From Polymer-Based Consumer Products: From Emission Data of Real Samples to the Assessment of Inhalation Exposure. Front Public Health 2019; 7:202. [PMID: 31475125 PMCID: PMC6707103 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of consumerism led to an increase in toy production. Such consumer products may contain non-intentionally added toxic substances that can emit from the product and may be inhaled by the consumer. Little data is available on the inhalation exposure of humans to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from consumer products, so a reliable exposure assessment is needed. Only the emission chamber technique developed for building material emissions can provide solid estimations as it allows the products to be studied under real room conditions. This paper proposes a strategy to interpret emission experiment results from consumer products and assess the corresponding potential risk. It focuses on 14 common VOCs. The identification of the polymer type of 41 plastic articles was first performed by pyrolysis coupled online to gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (pyr-GC/MS). Their VOC profile was also determined by Dynamic Headspace-GC/MS (DHS-GC/MS). Softer polymers caused higher and broader emission profiles. Four specific toy samples were selected to be studied in a 203 l emission chamber and their emissions were compared to a reference material. A rapid decrease in the emissions was observed for each product and VOC. Based on these emission curves over time, the corresponding indoor air concentration could be calculated for the target VOCs for short-term or long-term exposures. The indoor air levels obtained were at least 35 times lower than the levels according to conventional indoor air guidelines. Guideline values were only exceeded using very conservative exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Even
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathilde Girard
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Rich
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Hutzler
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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Guidry J, Bagher S, Felemban O, Rich A, Loo C. Reasons of repeat dental treatment under general anaesthesia: A retrospective study. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2019; 18:313-318. [PMID: 29380618 DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2017.18.04.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this chart review study was to investigate the common factors that exist in paediatric patients requiring a repeat dental treatment under general anaesthesia (GA2) within four years after the initial dental treatment under general anaesthesia (GA1). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Electronic Health Records of one to 12 year-old children who received dental treatment under general anaesthesia (GA) between April 2004 and October 2009 were identified and analysed by a single examiner. Children who had GA2, within a four year period following GA1 were categorised as cases. Children who had only one dental treatment under GA were considered the control pool. Each case was matched to three controls based on sex and age range at GA1 of ± 6 months. Other recorded variables included: date of birth, date of GAs (GA1 and GA2 for cases; GA1 for controls), type of payment, dmfs before GA1, dental treatments provided under GA, return of 1-week post-GA1 follow-up, frequency of recare/recall visits following one-year post-GA1 visit and the type and frequency of post GA1 emergency visits. RESULTS Out of 581 subjects, 29 (4.99%) cases were matched to 87 controls. Medically compromised patients had four times the risk of GA2. At GA1, cases received statistically significant less sealants (p=0.026), less extractions (p<0.0001), and more composite restorations (p=0.0002) compared to controls. CONCLUSION Medically compromised children and children treated with more composites and fewer sealants and extractions at their initial dental treatment under general anaesthesia were more likely to have a repeat dental treatment under general anaesthesia within 4 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guidry
- Pediatric Dentist, private practice, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - S Bagher
- Assistant Professor, Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - O Felemban
- Assistant Professor, Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Rich
- Associate Clinical Professor and part-time member of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Loo
- Professor and Chair, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rich
- Anna Rich and David Baldwin, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire; and Paul Beckett, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Beckett
- Anna Rich and David Baldwin, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire; and Paul Beckett, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
| | - David Baldwin
- Anna Rich and David Baldwin, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire; and Paul Beckett, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, Derbyshire, United Kingdom
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Rich A, Baldwin D, Alfageme I, Beckett P, Berghmans T, Brincat S, Burghuber O, Corlateanu A, Cufer T, Damhuis R, Danila E, Domagala-Kulawik J, Elia S, Gaga M, Goksel T, Grigoriu B, Hillerdal G, Huber RM, Jakobsen E, Jonsson S, Jovanovic D, Kavcova E, Konsoulova A, Laisaar T, Makitaro R, Mehic B, Milroy R, Moldvay J, Morgan R, Nanushi M, Paesmans M, Putora PM, Samarzija M, Scherpereel A, Schlesser M, Sculier JP, Skrickova J, Sotto-Mayor R, Strand TE, Van Schil P, Blum TG. Achieving Thoracic Oncology data collection in Europe: a precursor study in 35 Countries. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1144. [PMID: 30458807 PMCID: PMC6247748 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5009-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A minority of European countries have participated in international comparisons with high level data on lung cancer. However, the nature and extent of data collection across the continent is simply unknown, and without accurate data collection it is not possible to compare practice and set benchmarks to which lung cancer services can aspire. METHODS Using an established network of lung cancer specialists in 37 European countries, a survey was distributed in December 2014. The results relate to current practice in each country at the time, early 2015. The results were compiled and then verified with co-authors over the following months. RESULTS Thirty-five completed surveys were received which describe a range of current practice for lung cancer data collection. Thirty countries have data collection at the national level, but this is not so in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Italy, Spain and Switzerland. Data collection varied from paper records with no survival analysis, to well-established electronic databases with links to census data and survival analyses. CONCLUSION Using a network of committed clinicians, we have gathered validated comparative data reporting an observed difference in data collection mechanisms across Europe. We have identified the need to develop a well-designed dataset, whilst acknowledging what is feasible within each country, and aspiring to collect high quality data for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rich
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals, City campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB UK
| | - David Baldwin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals, City campus, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB UK
| | | | - Paul Beckett
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Thierry Berghmans
- Intensive Care and Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephen Brincat
- Sir Anthony Mamo oncology centre, Mater Dei hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - Otto Burghuber
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology, Otto Wagner Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandru Corlateanu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemitanu”, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Tanja Cufer
- University Clinic Golnik, Medical Faculty Ljubljana, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Ronald Damhuis
- Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edvardas Danila
- Clinic of Infectious and Chest Diseases, Dermatovenereology and Allergology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre of Pulmonology and Allergology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Stefano Elia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mina Gaga
- 7th Respiratory Medicine Department, Athens Chest Hospital, 152 Mesogion Ave Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Tuncay Goksel
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bogdan Grigoriu
- Regional Institute of Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Gunnar Hillerdal
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Maria Huber
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, University of Munich and Thoracic Oncology Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik Jakobsen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steinn Jonsson
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- University Hospital of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Elena Kavcova
- Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Comenius University Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, University Hospital, Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Assia Konsoulova
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Sveta Marina, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Tanel Laisaar
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Riitta Makitaro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- University Hospital and University of Oulu, POB 20, 90029 Oulu, Finland
| | - Bakir Mehic
- Clinic of Lung Diseases and TB, Sarajevo University Clinical Centre, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Robert Milroy
- Consultant Respiratory Physician & Chair, Scottish Lung Cancer Forum, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Judit Moldvay
- Department of Tumor Biology, National Koranyi Institute, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ross Morgan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, 9 Ireland
| | - Milda Nanushi
- University of Tirana, Service of Pulmonology, Tirana, Albania
| | - Marianne Paesmans
- Data Centre, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Martin Putora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Samarzija
- Department of Respiratory medicine, Klinički bolnički centar Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Arnaud Scherpereel
- Pulmonary and Thoracic Oncology, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1019 – CIIL, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marc Schlesser
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Paul Sculier
- Intensive Care and Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jana Skrickova
- Department Pulmonary Disease and TB, Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renato Sotto-Mayor
- Pulmonology Service, Thoracic Department, North Lisbon Hospital Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Paul Van Schil
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Antwerp Belgium
| | - Torsten-Gerriet Blum
- Klinik für Pneumologie, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, HELIOS Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
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Yakin M, Seo B, Hussaini H, Rich A, Hunter K. Human papillomavirus and oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma: the essentials. Aust Dent J 2018; 64:11-18. [PMID: 30238467 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a global increase in the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in Australia and New Zealand. Risk factors for HPV-positive OPSCC are male gender, white race, age older than 40 but younger than 59 years old, having multiple lifetime sex partners, having oro-genital and oro-anal sex. High-risk HPV subtypes play a major role in the pathogenesis of OPSCC, however, they play a much lesser role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Among the laboratory tests used to detect oncogenic HPV infection, polymerase chain reaction is a sensitive method but does not reflect the role of HPV in oncogenesis. While widely used, p16 immunohistochemistry is both a sensitive and a specific surrogate marker for oncogenic HPV infection in OPSCC, but not in OSCC. However, it is a useful prognostic marker in OPSCC. The current gold standard to accurately detect oncogenic HPV infection is E6/E7 mRNAin situ hybridization. Because both HPV-positive and p16-positive OPSCC have better short-term prognoses there is current debate and trials on treatment de-escalation in HPV-positive OPSCC. Dental practitioners can play an important role in early diagnosis of HPV-positive OPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yakin
- School of Dentistry & Health Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Seo
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - H Hussaini
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A Rich
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - K Hunter
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, UK
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Mountadar S, Hayani A, Rich A, Siniti M, Tahiri S. Equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies of the Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions removal from water by Duolite C206A. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2018.1478369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mountadar
- Laboratory of Water and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
- Team of Thermodynamic, Catalysis and Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - A. Hayani
- Laboratory of Water and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - A. Rich
- Team of Thermodynamic, Catalysis and Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - M. Siniti
- Team of Thermodynamic, Catalysis and Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - S. Tahiri
- Laboratory of Water and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
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Apperley O, Medlicott N, Rich A, Hanning S, Huckabee ML. A clinical trial of a novel emulsion for potential use as a saliva substitute in patients with radiation-induced xerostomia. J Oral Rehabil 2017; 44:889-895. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Apperley
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
- Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research; Christchurch New Zealand
| | - N. Medlicott
- School of Pharmacy; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - A. Rich
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
| | - S. Hanning
- School of Pharmacy; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - M. L. Huckabee
- Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research; Christchurch New Zealand
- University of Canterbury; Christchurch New Zealand
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Moffatt CJ, Keeley V, Franks PJ, Rich A, Pinnington LL. Chronic oedema: a prevalent health care problem for UK health services. Int Wound J 2016; 14:772-781. [PMID: 27917617 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic oedema (CO) is a major clinical problem worldwide, which has many important secondary consequences for health, activity and participation. Effective treatment planning and organisation of services is dependent on an understanding of the condition and its epidemiology. This cross-sectional study was designed to estimate the point prevalence of CO within the health services of one UK urban population and to determine the proportions that have concurrent leg ulceration. Patients with CO in all anatomic sites were ascertained by health care professionals in one acute and one community hospital, all relevant outpatient and community nursing services, general practices and all nursing/residential homes in one urban catchment area (Derby City). The presence and distribution of oedema was confirmed through a brief clinical examination. A battery of demographic and clinical details was recorded for each case. Within the study population of Derby City residents, 971 patients were identified with CO [estimated crude prevalence 3·93 per 1000, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3·69-4·19]. The prevalence was the highest among those aged 85 or above (28·75 per 1000) and was higher among women (5·37 per 1000) than men (2·48 per 1000). The prevalence among hospital inpatients was 28·5%. Only five (3%) patients in the community population had oedema related to cancer or cancer treatment. Of the 304 patients identified with oedema from the Derby hospitals or community health services, 121 (40%) had a concurrent leg ulcer. Prevalence statistics and current demographic trends indicate that CO is a major and growing health care problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine J Moffatt
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, England
| | - Vaughan Keeley
- Department of Lymphoedema Service, Division of Medicine and Cancer, Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, England.,University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, England
| | - Peter J Franks
- Centre for Research & Implementation of Clinical Practice, London, England.,Faculty of Medicine, Division of Nursing and Healthcare, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Anna Rich
- Department of Lymphoedema Service, Division of Medicine and Cancer, Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, England
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Closson K, Lachowsky NJ, Cui Z, Shurgold S, Sereda P, Rich A, Moore DM, Roth EA, Hogg RS. Does age matter? Sexual event-level analysis of age-disparate sexual partners among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) in Vancouver, Canada. Sex Transm Infect 2016; 93:332-341. [PMID: 27852641 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2016-052721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine factors associated with age-disparate sexual partners among Vancouver gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM). METHODS Sexually active GBM aged ≥16 years were recruited from February 2012 to February 2014. Participants self-completed a questionnaire on demographics, attitudes and sexual behaviour and substance use at last sexual event with five most recent partners. Two generalised linear mixed models identified factors associated with: (1) 'same-age' (referent), 'younger' or 'much-younger' and (2) 'same-age' (referent), 'older' or 'much-older' partners. Statistical interactions between age and HIV status were tested. RESULTS Participants (n=719) were predominantly gay (85.1%), White (75.0%), HIV-negative/unknown status (72.9%) with median age of 33 years (Q1,Q3: 26,47). A minority of sexual events were reported with much-older/much-younger partners (13.7%). In the multivariable models, GBM reporting older partners were more likely to be Asian or Latino, have greater Escape Motivation scores, report their partner used erectile dysfunction drugs (EDDs) and have received something for sex; compared with condom-protected insertive anal sex, participants with older partners were more likely to report condomless insertive anal sex with a serodiscordant or unknown status partner or no insertive anal sex. GBM reporting older partners were less likely to be bisexual-identified, have given something for sex and report event-level alcohol and EDD use. GBM reporting younger partners were more likely to have annual incomes >$30 000 and have met their partner online. As per significant statistical interactions, age-disparate relations were more common for younger HIV-positive and older HIV-negative GBM. CONCLUSIONS Differences among age-disparate partners highlight important targets for health promotion and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Closson
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Faculty of Health Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - N J Lachowsky
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Addictions Research British Columbia, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z Cui
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Shurgold
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P Sereda
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - A Rich
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
| | - D M Moore
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E A Roth
- Centre for Addictions Research British Columbia, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Anthropology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R S Hogg
- Epidemiology and Population Health, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.,Faculty of Health Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
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14
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Lin SY, Lachowsky NJ, Hull M, Rich A, Cui Z, Sereda P, Jollimore J, Stephenson K, Thumath M, Montaner J, Roth EA, Hogg RS, Moore DM. Awareness and use of nonoccupational post-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada. HIV Med 2016; 17:662-73. [PMID: 27477994 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nonoccupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) is a strategy to reduce the risk of HIV infection in those with high-risk exposure. This study characterized nPEP awareness among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada after a pilot nPEP programme established in 2012. METHODS Momentum Health Study participants were MSM aged ≥16 years recruited via respondent-driven sampling (RDS) who completed a computer-assisted self-interview. Stratifying patients by HIV status, we used multivariable logistic regression with backward selection to identify factors associated with nPEP awareness. All analyses were RDS-adjusted. RESULTS A total of 51.9% (112 of 173) of HIV-positive and 48.5% (272 of 500) of HIV-negative participants had heard of nPEP. Only 3% (five of 106) of HIV-negative participants who reported recent high-risk sex used nPEP. Generally, nPEP awareness was higher for participants who engaged in sexual activities with increased HIV transmission potential. Factors associated with greater awareness among HIV-negative participants included recent alcohol use, higher communal sexual altruism, previous sexually transmitted infection diagnosis, and greater perceived condom use self-efficacy. Other factors associated with greater awareness among HIV-negative participants included white race/ethnicity, gay sexual identity, more formal education, lower personal sexual altruism, and Vancouver residence. Greater nPEP awareness among HIV-positive participants was associated with greater perceived agency to ask sexual partners' HIV status and more frequently reporting doing so, a higher number of lifetime receptive sex partners, and greater access to condoms. CONCLUSIONS Following implementation of an nPEP pilot programme, nPEP awareness among HIV-negative MSM was 51% and use was 3%. These data support the need to expand access to and actively promote nPEP services.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lin
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - N J Lachowsky
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Hull
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Rich
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Z Cui
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - P Sereda
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Jollimore
- Health Initiative for Men, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - M Thumath
- Faculty of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jsg Montaner
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E A Roth
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.,Centre for Addictions Research BC, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - R S Hogg
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - D M Moore
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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15
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Santo K, Kirkendall S, Chow C, Rich A, Redfern J. Understanding coronary disease illness beliefs and patients’ activation. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Blum TG, Rich A, Baldwin D, Beckett P, De Ruysscher D, Faivre-Finn C, Gaga M, Gamarra F, Grigoriu B, Hansen NCG, Hubbard R, Huber RM, Jakobsen E, Jovanovic D, Konsoulova A, Kollmeier J, Massard G, McPhelim J, Meert AP, Milroy R, Paesmans M, Peake M, Putora PM, Scherpereel A, Schonfeld N, Sitter H, Skaug K, Spiro S, Strand TE, Taright S, Thomas M, van Schil PE, Vansteenkiste JF, Wiewrodt R, Sculier JP. The European initiative for quality management in lung cancer care. Eur Respir J 2014; 43:1254-77. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00106913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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Rich A, Rieth C, Vul E. Hierarchical binding in multi-part objects. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Brown A, Horobin A, Blount DG, Hill PJ, English J, Rich A, Williams PM, Pritchard DI. Blow fly Lucilia sericata nuclease digests DNA associated with wound slough/eschar and with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. Med Vet Entomol 2012; 26:432-439. [PMID: 22827809 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2012.01029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In chronic wounds, it may be clinically important to remove extracellular bacterial and patient DNA as its presence may impede wound healing and promote bacterial survival in biofilm, in which extracellular DNA forms part of the biofilm architecture. As medicinal maggots, larvae of Lucilia sericata Meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae) have been shown to efficiently debride wounds it became of interest to investigate their excretions/secretions (ES) for the presence of a deoxyribonuclease (DNAse) activity. Excretions/secretions products were shown to contain a DNAse, with magnesium, sodium and calcium metal ion dependency, and a native molecular mass following affinity purification of approximately 45 kDa. The affinity purified DNAse degraded genomic bacterial DNA per se, DNA from the slough/eschar of a venous leg ulcer, and extracellular bacterial DNA in biofilms pre-formed from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The latter finding highlights an important attribute of the DNAse, given the frequency of P. aeruginosa infection in non-healing wounds and the fact that P. aeruginosa virulence factors can be toxic to maggots. Maggot DNAse is thus a competent enzyme derived from a rational source, with the potential to assist in clinical wound debridement by removing extracellular DNA from tissue and biofilm, and promoting tissue viability, while liberating proteinaceous slough/eschar for debridement by the suite of proteinases secreted by L. sericata.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brown
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
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19
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Rich A, Baldwin D, Hubbard R. Authors' response. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Telford G, Brown AP, Rich A, English JSC, Pritchard DI. Wound debridement potential of glycosidases of the wound-healing maggot, Lucilia sericata. Med Vet Entomol 2012; 26:291-299. [PMID: 22620282 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.01000.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The wound-healing maggot, Lucilia sericata Meigen (Diptera: Calliphoridae), degrades extracellular matrix components by releasing enzymes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glycosylation profiles of wound slough/eschar from chronic venous leg ulcers and the complementary presence of glycosidase activities in first-instar excretions/secretions (ES1) and to define their specificities. The predominant carbohydrate moieties present in wound slough/eschar were determined by probing one-dimensional Western blots with conjugated lectins of known specificities. The presence of specific glycosidase activities in ES1 was determined using chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates. The removal of carbohydrate moieties from slough/eschar proteins by glycosidases in ES1 was determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis and Emerald 300 glycoprotein staining. α-D-glucosyl, α-D-mannosyl and N-acetylglucosamine residues were detected on slough/eschar-derived proteins. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the treatment of slough/eschar with ES1 significantly reduced uptake of the carbohydrate-specific stain. Subsequently, α-D-glucosidase, α-D-mannosidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase activities were identified in ES1. Specific chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates and gel filtration chromatography showed that these activities result from distinct enzymes. These activities were mirrored in the removal of α-D-glucosyl, α-D-mannosyl and N-acetylglucosamine residues from proteins of slough/eschar from maggot-treated wounds. These data suggest that maggot glycosidases remove sugars from slough/eschar proteins. This may contribute to debridement, which is ultimately accomplished by a suite of biochemically distinct enzymes present in ES1.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Telford
- Immune Modulation Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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21
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Blum T, Schönfeld N, Rich A, Putora PM, Paesmans M, Baldwin DR, Sitter H, Sculier JP. Hohe qualitative Variabilität bei nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien (LL) zur Behandlung des Lungenkarzinoms (LC) – systematische Bestandsaufnahme und methodischer Vergleich durch die European Initiative for Quality Management in Lung Cancer Care (EIQMLCC). Pneumologie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1302562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Powers K, Pappas L, Buchmann L, Anderson L, Gauchay L, Rich A, Agarwal J. P4-15-02: Clinical and Epidemiological Correlates of Elevated Distress Thermometer Scores in Breast Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p4-15-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: Distress is prevalent in breast cancer patients and can be detrimental to quality of life, performance status, treatment adherence, and satisfaction with medical care. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) developed the Distress Thermometer (DT) as a quick and efficient self-assessment tool for screening distress in cancer patients. While surveys estimate that between 20–40% of patients with cancer have significant levels of distress, fewer than 10% are identified and treated. Given time and monetary constraints, it is important to refine screening criteria to identify patients with elevated risk for distress. In this study, we identify clinical and epidemiological factors that are associated with an increased likelihood of elevated DT scores (≥4 and ≥7) in breast cancer patients.
Methods: We assessed 229 consecutive female patients with the DT at their initial consultation for breast cancer at the Huntsman Cancer Hospital between September 2007 and December 2008. The DT screening tool measures a global level of distress using a visual analogue scale from 0–10 in the shape of a thermometer, with zero identified as “No Distress” and ten labeled as “Extreme Distress.” The DT screening tool also includes a checklist of common emotional, family, physical, practical, and spiritual concerns with instructions for the paitent to indicate which of those concerns contributed to the distress they experienced within the past week. We chose a score ≥4 as our cutoff for a positive screen for “distress” and a score ≥7 as our cutoff for a positive screen for “extreme distress/depression” based on previous studies. Variables included in the analyses were: age, employment status, race/ethnicity, personal history of depression, family history of breast cancer, marital status, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, stage of cancer, time since diagnosis, and recurrence. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to determine associations between DT and patient data. Results: Emotional and physical concerns were associated with scores ≥4 and scores ≥7. Spiritual concerns were significantly associated with patients reporting scores ≥7. Patients who were non-Caucasian, unemployed, had a prior history of depression, who presented for recurrent disease, or who had been recently diagnosed had a higher likelihood of scores ≥4 and scores ≥7.
Conclusions: The likelihood of scoring ≥4 and ≥7 on the DT screening tool is highest during the first 30 days after receiving a breast cancer diagnosis. Four groups of patients should be targeted for aggressive screening: patients with a prior diagnosis of depression, patients presenting with recurrent disease, unemployed patients, and non-Caucasian patients. Interventions should address physical, emotional and spiritual concerns.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-15-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Powers
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - L Pappas
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - L Buchmann
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - L Anderson
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - L Gauchay
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - A Rich
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - J Agarwal
- 1University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
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Iwuchukwu O, Wahed S, Wozniak A, Dordea M, Rich A. Recent advances in non-invasive axillary staging for breast cancer. Surg Oncol 2011; 20:253-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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24
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Calleja M, Coltheart M, Rich A. Can semantic information influence the guidance of attention by working memory? J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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25
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Horowitz T, Rich A. How do we search when things keep moving? Selection and segregation of dynamic displays in visual search. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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26
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Athanasiadis A, de Rosa M, de Sanctis D, Rosario AL, Archer M, Rich A, Carrondo MA. The structure of conformational junctions in DNA and genomic instability. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311096395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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27
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Landa J, Rich A, Finkelman M. Confirming nasal airway dimensions observed on panoramic and posterior-anterior cephalometric radiographs using an acoustic rhinometer. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2010; 11:115-21. [PMID: 20507808 DOI: 10.1007/bf03262726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to confirm the nasal airway dimensions observed in standard dental radiographs through analysis of the anterior nasal cross-sectional area and nasal volume with acoustic rhinometry. METHOD Participants were chosen from the patient population under consideration for interceptive orthodontic treatment at Tufts University's Pediatric Dentistry Clinic. A total of 55 Caucasian subjects, of both sexes (males=28, females =27), and ranging from age 6-9 years (mean= 7.33) were enrolled. Utilizing the ImageJ program, the subjects' panoramic and PA cephalometric radiographs were analyzed for radiolucent anterior nasal cross-sectional area. Subjects were then examined with the Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometer, which measured anterior nasal cross-sectional area and nasal volume. Data were grouped together, and areas and volume gathered from the radiographs and rhinometer analyzed for any correlation. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program. Data was further divided into right and left nasal side, and a Pearson Correlation Matrix was created for 8 predictor variables (right and left panoramic area, right and left cephalometric area, right and left rhinometer area, and right and left rhinometer volume). RESULTS Values in this correlation matrix ranged from 0.712 to 0.988; all were statistically significant at the <0.01 level (2-tailed test). CONCLUSION A very strong correlation was found between the anterior nasal cross-sectional area calculated from the radiographs, and the anterior nasal cross-sectional area and nasal volume from the rhinometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Landa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
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van der Marel GA, Wille G, Westerink H, Wang AHJ, Rich A, Mellema JR, Altona C, van Boom JH. Synthesis of DNA fragments containing 5-methyl-deoxycytidine residues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19821010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Telford G, Brown AP, Seabra RAM, Horobin AJ, Rich A, English JSC, Pritchard DI. Degradation of eschar from venous leg ulcers using a recombinant chymotrypsin from Lucilia sericata. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:523-31. [PMID: 20491762 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larvae of the greenbottle Lucilia sericata are used to debride nonhealing wounds and stimulate the production of fresh granulation tissue. Previous publications have shown that secretions from L. sericata contain a number of proteolytic activities including a chymotrypsin that degrades a number of extracellular matrix components such as fibronectin, laminin and collagen. OBJECTIVES To produce a recombinant L. sericata chymotrypsin (chymotrypsin I) and determine its effects on the degradation of patient wound eschar. METHODS An active recombinant chymotrypsin I from L. sericata was cloned and expressed in Sf9 cells and its subsequent effects ex vivo on eschar from venous leg ulcers were determined by two-dimensional electrophoresis. RESULTS The recombinant enzyme had the attributes of a chymotrypsin, possessing sequence homology with other chymotrypsins and demonstrating attributes of the native enzyme including cleavage of the chymotrypsin substrate succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-phenylalanyl-7-amino-4-methyl coumarin, inhibition by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride and lack of inhibition by amidinophenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride. Importantly, the recombinant chymotrypsin cleaved the majority of proteins from slough/eschar from venous leg ulcers in a superior manner to chymotrypsins from human and bovine sources. CONCLUSIONS The ex vivo degradation of eschar from venous leg ulcers indicates the potential value of recombinant chymotrypsin I as a novel, stand-alone debridement agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Telford
- Immune Modulation Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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30
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Rich A, English T, Fencsik D. Visual working memory for multiple feature changes: evidence from synaesthesia. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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31
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Kyogoku Y, Lord RC, Rich A. The effect of substituents on the hydrogen bonding of adenine and uracil derivatives. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 57:250-7. [PMID: 16591461 PMCID: PMC335497 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.57.2.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kyogoku
- SPECTROSCOPY LABORATORY AND DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
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Kim SH, Rich A. The structure of a crystalline complex containing one phenobarbital molecule and two adenine derivatives. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 60:402-8. [PMID: 16591644 PMCID: PMC225061 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.60.2.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
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Coen DM, Bedbrook JR, Bogorad L, Rich A. Maize chloroplast DNA fragment encoding the large subunit of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 74:5487-91. [PMID: 16592473 PMCID: PMC431774 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro linked transcription-translation of chloroplast DNA has been used to show that the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase [3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39] is encoded by Zea mays chloroplast DNA. A BamHI-generated chloroplast DNA sequence cloned in Escherichia coli is shown to direct the in vitro synthesis of this protein identified as large subunit by its size, serological properties, and limited proteolytic digestion products.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Coen
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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35
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Papadopoulos A, Rich A, Nutt DJ, Bailey JE. The effects of single dose anxiolytic medication on the CO2 models of anxiety: differentiation of subjective and objective measures. J Psychopharmacol 2010; 24:649-56. [PMID: 18832434 DOI: 10.1177/0269881108097716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This was a double blind, placebo-controlled, 4-way cross-over study in 12 healthy volunteer subjects of the acute effects of three drugs each of which are used in the clinic to treat some forms of anxiety: propranolol 40 mg, hydroxyzine 25 mg, flupentixol 0.5 mg and placebo. Each test session consisted of inhalation of air for 20 min, 10-min rest, inhalation of CO2 7.5% for 20 min, 10-min rest, followed by a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO2. The CO2 7.5% was administered at peak drug effect. Subjective effects were measured using Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), the Panic Symptom Inventory and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment inventory. Twelve subjects participated (eight men), with a mean age of 25.9 years. The expected subjective effects of CO2 were seen and these were significantly different from effects of peak air. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the drugs or between drugs and placebo, indeed there was a trend for some VAS anxiety scores to be higher than placebo in the drug groups. There were some significant differences in cardiovascular responses to CO2, with propranolol significantly decreasing heart rate and flupentixol increasing blood pressure when compared with placebo. The lack of subjective anxiolytic actions of the three drugs contrasts with our previous findings with acute benzodiazepines and chronic selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor administration. It may be that prolonged treatment with these agents would be required to show anxiolytic effects, although it may also be that their efficacy is insufficient to be demonstrated in this model. The lack of anxiolytic actions of propranolol, despite a significant reduction in heart rate, is a further support for a central action of CO2 to produce anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Papadopoulos
- Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Rich A, Van Wert M, Cohen M, Horowitz T. Multiple object tracking is surprisingly robust to abrupt onsets. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/8.6.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rich A, Kunar M, Van Wert M, Hidalgo-Sotelo B, Wolfe J. Do rare features pop out? Exploring the boundaries of the low prevalence effect. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
The objectives of this study are to ascertain how many patients who died in a district general hospital in England might have been able to be cared for at home, to obtain the cost of each inpatient stay, to make an estimate of the maximum resource implications of care packages for these patients, and to calculate the savings in hospital admissions that could be used for the development of community services. These objectives are dependant on full implementation of the End of Life Strategy. A descriptive study of all inpatient deaths in one year in a district general hospital in the south west of England was conducted. Data collection - case notes of all patients who died at the hospital from the beginning of June 2006 to end of May 2007. A total of 599 case notes of 627 patients who died in the study period were reviewed. A total of 331 patients (56%) were not assessed as being in the last year of life. Of the remaining 44%, 152 (26%) were clearly in the last year of life and 110 (18%) had significant co-morbidities and could probably have been recognised as being in the last year of life. A total of 399 (67%) of patients were appropriately admitted to hospital for their final illness, 194 (33%) could have been looked after at home. At least 119 (20%) clearly and 75 (13%) probably could have stayed at home. The mean cost of admission was 3173 pound per patient. A total of 77 (13%) of patients were admitted from nursing homes and 53 (69%) of these could have stayed in the nursing home to die. A total of 44% of all patients who died within the district general hospital had chronic life threatening illnesses. A maximum of one third of all hospital deaths could have been looked after at home if excellent end of life services were in place. When commissioning end of life care services, it is possible to calculate how many extra patients may need community care packages and the cost that could be redistributed from hospital to community for these services.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abel
- Weston Area Health Trust, Weston Hospice care, Weston-super-Mare, UK.
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Abstract
The zebrafish gastrointestinal (GI) tract displays an anatomy and cellular architecture that is similar to the human GI tract, with concentric layers of inner epithelia, connective tissue, circular muscle and outer longitudinal muscle layers. Propulsion of luminal content results from the integrated activity of smooth muscle cells, enteric neurons and the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). Zebrafish larvae are transparent and propagating contractions in the entire GI tract are easily visualized. A new moderate-throughput zebrafish-based GI transit assay is described in this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility. This assay utilizes intact zebrafish larvae which contain essential regulatory elements (ICC and enteric neurons). Forward genetic analysis, which identifies genes underlying specific phenotypes, is possible using the zebrafish system. The zebrafish model system compliments existing models for studies of GI motility and will contribute to the understanding of the regulation of GI motility, and to identification of novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- Department of Biological Sciences, The College at Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA.
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Rich A, Leddon SA, Hess SL, Gibbons SJ, Miller S, Xu X, Farrugia G, Farrugai G. Kit-like immunoreactivity in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract reveals putative ICC. Dev Dyn 2007; 236:903-11. [PMID: 17295318 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) motility results from the coordinated actions of enteric neurons, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), and smooth muscle cells. The GI tract of the zebrafish has a cellular anatomy that is essentially similar to humans. Although enteric nerves and smooth muscle cells have been described, it is unknown if ICC are present in the zebrafish. Immunohistochemistry and PCR were used determine expression for the zebrafish Kit orthologue in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract. Cells displaying Kit-like immunoreactivity were identified in the muscular layers of the adult zebrafish gastrointestinal tract. Two layers of Kit-positive cells were identified, one with multipolar cells located between the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers and one with simple bipolar cells located deep in the circular muscle layer. Primers specifically designed to amplify mRNA coding for two zebrafish kit genes, kita and kitb, and two kit ligands, kitla and kitlb, amplified the expected transcript from total RNA isolated from zebrafish GI tissues. The Sparse mutant, a kita null mutant, showed reduced contraction frequency and increased size of the GI tract indicating a functional role for kita. These data establish the presence of a cellular network with Kit-like immunoreactivity in the myenteric plexus region of the zebrafish GI tract, adjacent to enteric neurons. Expression of kita and kitb, and the ligands kitla and kitlb, were verified in the adult GI tract. The anatomical arrangement of the Kit-positive cells strongly suggests that they are ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA.
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Abstract
Many of the skin problems associated with lymphoedema and other chronic oedemas can be reduced or even prevented with appropriate and effective skin care. In particular, the use of emollients to maintain skin condition and integrity can reduce the frequency and severity of cellulitic episodes. This article describes best practice in the care of the skin in cases of uncomplicated lymphoedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rich
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust.
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Rich A, Leddon S, Hess S, Gibbons S, Miller S, Xu X, Farrugia G. Kit-like immunoreactivity in the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract reveals putative ICC. Dev Dyn 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Rich A. A HYBRID HELIX CONTAINING BOTH DEOXYRIBOSE AND RIBOSE POLYNUCLEOTIDES AND ITS RELATION TO THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION BETWEEN THE NUCLEIC ACIDS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 46:1044-53. [PMID: 16590711 PMCID: PMC222998 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.46.8.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- GATES AND CRELLIN LABORATORIES OF CHEMISTRY, CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
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Griffin BE, Todd SA, Rich A. A SYNTHESIS OF RIBOTHYMIDINE-5'-PYROPHOSPHATE AND ITS CONVERSION TO POLYRIBOTHYMIDYLIC ACID. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 44:1123-8. [PMID: 16590322 PMCID: PMC528594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.44.11.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B E Griffin
- UNIVERSITY CHEMICAL LABORATORY, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
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Rich A. Why RNA and DNA have different structures. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2006:1-8. [PMID: 16594608 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-27262-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the early years of molecular biology--over 50 years ago--we were faced with many unknowns. A significant one at the time was the relationship between DNA and RNA, both in terms of structure and function. Function is often a reflection of structure. Here I outline some of the early research in this area, especially for RNA structure, which was completely unknown when we started.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA, 02139, USA.
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Gibbons SJ, Rich A, Distad MA, Miller SM, Schmalz PF, Szurszewski JH, Sha L, Blume-Jensen P, Farrugia G. Kit/stem cell factor receptor-induced phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase signalling is not required for normal development and function of interstitial cells of Cajal in mouse gastrointestinal tract. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2003; 15:643-53. [PMID: 14651600 DOI: 10.1046/j.1350-1925.2003.00448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Signalling mediated by the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Kit is required for normal development of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). c-Kit activates several signalling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3'-kinase) pathway. The signals required for ICC development and maintenance are not well understood. Studies indicate a role for PI3'-kinase. We studied ICC function and morphology in mice homozygous for the tyrosine 719 to phenylalanine c-Kit mutation, which disrupts all PI3'-kinase binding to c-Kit. Functionally, the electrical slow waves in the jejunum and inhibitory junction potentials were normal in adult mutants. Morphologically, the distribution of ICC was not altered in mutants. There was no difference in the density of ICC in the jejunum of adults or newborns from quantitative analysis of c-Kit immunoreactivity. The number of ICC obtained in culture was the same using mutants or wild-type littermates. The density and organization of nerves in the jejunum of mutants was not affected. Deletion of c-Kit-induced PI3'-kinase signalling does not affect the function or development of ICC in the mouse. This is an important and counterintuitive result, given the role of PI3'-kinase signalling downstream of c-Kit and the role of both c-Kit and PI3'-kinase individually in ICC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Gibbons
- Enteric Neurosciences Program, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Rich A. RNA structure and the roots of protein synthesis. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2003; 66:1-16. [PMID: 12762004 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2001.66.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Rich
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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