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Albaugh MD, Owens MM, Juliano A, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Cupertino R, Cao Z, Mackey S, Lepage C, Rioux P, Evans A, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter A, Garavan H. Differential associations of adolescent versus young adult cannabis initiation with longitudinal brain change and behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5173-5182. [PMID: 37369720 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Leveraging ~10 years of prospective longitudinal data on 704 participants, we examined the effects of adolescent versus young adult cannabis initiation on MRI-assessed cortical thickness development and behavior. Data were obtained from the IMAGEN study conducted across eight European sites. We identified IMAGEN participants who reported being cannabis-naïve at baseline and had data available at baseline, 5-year, and 9-year follow-up visits. Cannabis use was assessed with the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs. T1-weighted MR images were processed through the CIVET pipeline. Cannabis initiation occurring during adolescence (14-19 years) and young adulthood (19-22 years) was associated with differing patterns of longitudinal cortical thickness change. Associations between adolescent cannabis initiation and cortical thickness change were observed primarily in dorso- and ventrolateral portions of the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, cannabis initiation occurring between 19 and 22 years of age was associated with thickness change in temporal and cortical midline areas. Follow-up analysis revealed that longitudinal brain change related to adolescent initiation persisted into young adulthood and partially mediated the association between adolescent cannabis use and past-month cocaine, ecstasy, and cannabis use at age 22. Extent of cannabis initiation during young adulthood (from 19 to 22 years) had an indirect effect on psychotic symptoms at age 22 through thickness change in temporal areas. Results suggest that developmental timing of cannabis exposure may have a marked effect on neuroanatomical correlates of cannabis use as well as associated behavioral sequelae. Critically, this work provides a foundation for neurodevelopmentally informed models of cannabis exposure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Max M Owens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Anthony Juliano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Renata Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli; and AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Developmental trajectories & psychiatry""; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli; Gif-sur-Yvette; and Etablissement Public de Santé (EPS) Barthélemy Durand, 91700, Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitaliere Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- PONS Research Group, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin and Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Alexandra Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Cao Z, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Cupertino RB, Juliano A, Chaarani B, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Brühl R, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Robinson L, Smolka MN, Walter H, Winterer J, Schumann G, Whelan R, Mackey S, Garavan H. Characterizing reward system neural trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 52:101042. [PMID: 34894615 PMCID: PMC8668439 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed findings exist in studies comparing brain responses to reward in adolescents and adults. Here we examined the trajectories of brain response, functional connectivity and task-modulated network properties during reward processing with a large-sample longitudinal design. Participants from the IMAGEN study performed a Monetary Incentive Delay task during fMRI at timepoint 1 (T1; n = 1304, mean age=14.44 years old) and timepoint 2 (T2; n = 1241, mean age=19.09 years). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was administrated at both T1 and T2 to assess a participant’s alcohol use during the past year. Voxel-wise linear mixed effect models were used to compare whole brain response as well as functional connectivity of the ventral striatum (VS) during reward anticipation (large reward vs no-reward cue) between T1 and T2. In addition, task-modulated networks were constructed using generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis and summarized with graph theory metrics. To explore alcohol use in relation to development, participants with no/low alcohol use at T1 but increased alcohol use to hazardous use level at T2 (i.e., participants with AUDIT≤2 at T1 and ≥8 at T2) were compared against those with consistently low scores (i.e., participants with AUDIT≤2 at T1 and ≤7 at T2). Across the whole sample, lower brain response during reward anticipation was observed at T2 compared with T1 in bilateral caudate nucleus, VS, thalamus, midbrain, dorsal anterior cingulate as well as left precentral and postcentral gyrus. Conversely, greater response was observed bilaterally in the inferior and middle frontal gyrus and right precentral and postcentral gyrus at T2 (vs. T1). Increased functional connectivity with VS was found in frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital regions at T2. Graph theory metrics of the task-modulated network showed higher inter-regional connectivity and topological efficiency at T2. Interactive effects between time (T1 vs. T2) and alcohol use group (low vs. high) on the functional connectivity were observed between left middle temporal gyrus and right VS and the characteristic shortest path length of the task-modulated networks. Collectively, these results demonstrate the utility of the MID task as a probe of typical brain response and network properties during development and of differences in these features related to adolescent drinking, a reward-related behaviour associated with heightened risk for future negative health outcomes. Imaging data during reward anticipation at T1 (age 14) and T2 (age 19) was compared. Brain response decreased in subcortical areas and increased in cortical areas at T2. Functional connectivity (FC) with the ventral striatum increased at T2. Topological efficiency of task-modulated network increased at T2. The developmental pattern was altered in those who increased drinking most at T2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
| | - Jonatan Ottino-Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Renata B Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Anthony Juliano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany; Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim 68131, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, D-10587, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France; AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013, Paris
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France; Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, 91152 Etampes, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany; Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada; Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Lauren Robinson
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Section for Eating Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Jeanne Winterer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom; PONS Research Group, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin D-10099 and Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg 39118, Germany; Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05401, USA
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Albaugh MD, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Sidwell A, Lepage C, Juliano A, Owens MM, Chaarani B, Spechler P, Fontaine N, Rioux P, Lewis L, Jeon S, Evans A, D’Souza D, Radhakrishnan R, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Quinlan EB, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter A, Garavan H. Association of Cannabis Use During Adolescence With Neurodevelopment. JAMA Psychiatry 2021; 78:2781289. [PMID: 34132750 PMCID: PMC8209561 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Animal studies have shown that the adolescent brain is sensitive to disruptions in endocannabinoid signaling, resulting in altered neurodevelopment and lasting behavioral effects. However, few studies have investigated ties between cannabis use and adolescent brain development in humans. OBJECTIVE To examine the degree to which magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-assessed cerebral cortical thickness development is associated with cannabis use in a longitudinal sample of adolescents. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data were obtained from the community-based IMAGEN cohort study, conducted across 8 European sites. Baseline data used in the present study were acquired from March 1, 2008, to December 31, 2011, and follow-up data were acquired from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016. A total of 799 IMAGEN participants were identified who reported being cannabis naive at study baseline and had behavioral and neuroimaging data available at baseline and 5-year follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed from October 1, 2019, to August 31, 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cannabis use was assessed at baseline and 5-year follow-up with the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs. Anatomical MR images were acquired with a 3-dimensional T1-weighted magnetization prepared gradient echo sequence. Quality-controlled native MR images were processed through the CIVET pipeline, version 2.1.0. RESULTS The study evaluated 1598 MR images from 799 participants (450 female participants [56.3%]; mean [SD] age, 14.4 [0.4] years at baseline and 19.0 [0.7] years at follow-up). At 5-year follow-up, cannabis use (from 0 to >40 uses) was negatively associated with thickness in left prefrontal (peak: t785 = -4.87, cluster size = 1558 vertices; P = 1.10 × 10-6, random field theory cluster corrected) and right prefrontal (peak: t785 = -4.27, cluster size = 1551 vertices; P = 2.81 × 10-5, random field theory cluster corrected) cortices. There were no significant associations between lifetime cannabis use at 5-year follow-up and baseline cortical thickness, suggesting that the observed neuroanatomical differences did not precede initiation of cannabis use. Longitudinal analysis revealed that age-related cortical thinning was qualified by cannabis use in a dose-dependent fashion such that greater use, from baseline to follow-up, was associated with increased thinning in left prefrontal (peak: t815.27 = -4.24, cluster size = 3643 vertices; P = 2.28 × 10-8, random field theory cluster corrected) and right prefrontal (peak: t813.30 = -4.71, cluster size = 2675 vertices; P = 3.72 × 10-8, random field theory cluster corrected) cortices. The spatial pattern of cannabis-related thinning was associated with age-related thinning in this sample (r = 0.540; P < .001), and a positron emission tomography-assessed cannabinoid 1 receptor-binding map derived from a separate sample of participants (r = -0.189; P < .001). Analysis revealed that thinning in right prefrontal cortices, from baseline to follow-up, was associated with attentional impulsiveness at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results suggest that cannabis use during adolescence is associated with altered neurodevelopment, particularly in cortices rich in cannabinoid 1 receptors and undergoing the greatest age-related thickness change in middle to late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | | | - Amanda Sidwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony Juliano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Max M. Owens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Philip Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Nicholas Fontaine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lindsay Lewis
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Seun Jeon
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alan Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Deepak D’Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rajiv Radhakrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie” Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie,” Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Paris, France
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Alexandra Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
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Fayolle G, Levick W, Lajiness-O'Neill R, Fastenau P, Briskin S, Bass N, Silva M, Critchfield E, Nakase-Richardson R, Hertza J, Loughan A, Perna R, Northington S, Boyd S, Anderson A, Peery S, Chafetz M, Maris M, Ramezani A, Sylvester C, Goldberg K, Constantinou M, Karekla M, Hall J, Edwards M, Balldin V, Strutt A, Pavlik V, Marquez de la Plata C, Cullum M, lacritz L, Reisch J, Massman P, Royall D, Barber R, Younes S, Wiechmann A, O'Bryant S, Patel K, Suhr J, Patel K, Suhr J, Chari S, Yokoyama J, Bettcher B, Karydas A, Miller B, Kramer J, Zec R, Fritz S, Kohlrus S, Robbs R, Ala T, Gifford K, Cantwell N, Romano R, Jefferson A, Holland A, Newton S, Bunting J, Coe M, Carmona J, Harrison D, Puente A, Terry D, Faraco C, Brown C, Patel A, Watts A, Kent A, Siegel J, Miller S, Ernst W, Chelune G, Holdnack J, Sheehan J, Duff K, Pedraza O, Crawford J, Terry D, Puente A, Brown C, Faraco C, Watts A, Patel A, Kent A, Siegel J, Miller L, Younes S, Hobson Balldin V, Benavides H, Johnson L, Hall J, Tshuma L, O'Bryant S, Dezhkam N, Hayes L, Love C, Stephens B, Webbe F, Allen C, Lemann E, Davis A, Pierson E, Lutz J, Piehl J, Holler K, Kavanaugh B, Tayim F, Llanes S, Mulligan K, Poston K, Riccio C, Beathard J, Cohen M, Stolberg P, Hart J, Jones W, Mayfield J, Allen D, Weller J, Dunham K, Demireva P, McInerney K, Suhr J, Dykstra J, Riddle T, Suhr J, Primus M, Riccio C, Highsmith J, Everhart D, Shadi S, Lehockey K, Sullivan S, Lucas M, Mandava S, Murphy B, Donovick P, Lalwani L, Rosselli M, Coad S, Carrasco R, Sofko C, Scarisbrick D, Golden C, Coad S, Zuckerman S, Golden C, Perna R, Loughan A, Hertza J, Brand J, Rivera Mindt M, Denney R, Schaffer S, Alper K, Devinsky O, Barr W, Langer K, Fraiman J, Scagliola J, Roman E, Martinez A, Cohen M, Dunham K, Riccio C, Martin P, Robbins J, Golden C, Axelrod B, Etherton J, Konopacki K, Moses J, Juliano A, Whiteside D, Rolin S, Widmann G, Franzwa M, Sokal B, Mark V, Doyle K, Morgan E, Weber E, Bondi M, Delano-Wood L, Grant I, Sibson J, Woods S, Andrews P, McGregor S, Golden C, Etherton J, Allen C, Cormier R, Cumley N, Elek M, Green M, Ogbeide S, Kruger A, Pacheco L, Robinson G, Welch H, Etherton J, Allen C, Cormier R, Cumley N, Kruger A, Pacheco L, Glover M, Parriott D, Jones W, Loe S, Hughes L, Natta L, Moses J, Vincent A, Roebuck-Spencer T, Bryan C, Padua M, Denney R, Moses J, Quenicka W, McGoldirck K, Bennett T, Soper H, Collier S, Connolly M, Hanratty A, Di Pinto M, Magnuson S, Dunham K, Handel E, Davidson K, Livers E, Frantz S, Allen J, Jerard T, Moses J, Pierce S, Sakhai S, Newton S, Warchol A, Holland A, Bunting J, Coe M, Carmona J, Harrison D, Barney S, Thaler N, Sutton G, Strauss G, Allen D, Hunter B, Bennett T, Quenicka W, McGoldrick K, Soper H, Sordahl J, Torrence N, John S, Gavett B, O'Bryant S, Shadi S, Denney R, Nichols C, Riccio C, Cohen M, Dennison A, Wasserman T, Schleicher-Dilks S, Adler M, Golden C, Olivier T, Schleicher-Dilks S, Golden C, LeMonda B, McGinley J, Pritchett A, Chang L, Cloak C, Cunningham E, Lohaugen G, Skranes J, Ernst T, Parke E, Thaler N, Etcoff L, Allen D, Andrews P, McGregor S, Golden C, Northington S, Daniels R, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Hochsztein N, Miles-Mason E, Granader Y, Vasserman M, MacAllister W, Casto B, Peery S, Patrick K, Hurewitz F, Chute D, Booth A, Koch C, Roid G, Balkema N, Kiefel J, Bell L, Maerlender A, Belkin T, Katzenstein J, Semerjian C, Culotta V, Band E, Yosick R, Burns T, Arenivas A, Bearden D, Olson K, Jacobson K, Ubogy S, Sterling C, Taub E, Griffin A, Rickards T, Uswatte G, Davis D, Sweeney K, Llorente A, Boettcher A, Hill B, Ploetz D, Kline J, Rohling M, O'Jile J, Holler K, Petrauskas V, Long J, Casey J, Long J, Petrauskas V, Duda T, Hodsman S, Casey J, Stricker S, Martner S, Hansen R, Ferraro F, Tangen R, Hanratty A, Tanabe M, O'Callaghan E, Houskamp B, McDonald L, Pick L, Guardino D, Pick L, Pietz T, Kayser K, Gray R, Letteri A, Crisologo A, Witkin G, Sanders J, Mrazik M, Harley A, Phoong M, Melville T, La D, Gomez R, Berthelson L, Robbins J, Lane E, Golden C, Rahman P, Konopka L, Fasfous A, Zink D, Peralta-Ramirez N, Perez-Garcia M, Puente A, Su S, Lin G, Kiely T, Gomez R, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Dykstra J, Suhr J, Feigon M, Renteria L, Fong M, Piper L, Lee E, Vordenberg J, Contardo C, Magnuson S, Doninger N, Luton L, Balkema N, Drane D, Phelan A, Stricker W, Poreh A, Wolkenberg F, Spira J, Lin G, Su S, Kiely T, Gomez R, Schatzberg A, Keller J, DeRight J, Jorgensen R, Fitzpatrick L, Crowe S, Woods S, Doyle K, Weber E, Cameron M, Cattie J, Cushman C, Grant I, Blackstone K, Woods S, Weber E, Grant I, Moore D, Roberg B, Somogie M, Thelen J, Lovelace C, Bruce J, Gerstenecker A, Mast B, Litvan I, Hargrave D, Schroeder R, Buddin W, Baade L, Heinrichs R, Thelen J, Roberg B, Somogie M, Lovelace C, Bruce J, Boseck J, Berry K, Koehn E, Davis A, Meyer B, Gelder B, Sussman Z, Espe-Pfeifer P, Musso M, Barker A, Jones G, Gouvier W, Weber E, Woods S, Grant I, Johnson V, Zaytsev L, Freier-Randall M, Sutton G, Thaler N, Ringdahl E, Allen D, Olsen J, Byrd D, Rivera-Mindt M, Fellows R, Morgello S, Wheaton V, Jaehnert S, Ellis C, Olavarria H, Loftis J, Huckans M, Pimental P, Frawley J, Welch M, Jennette K, Rinehardt E, Schoenberg M, Strober L, Genova H, Wylie G, DeLuca J, Chiaravalloti N, Hertza J, Loughan A, Perna R, Northington S, Boyd S, Hertza J, Loughan A, Perna R, Northington S, Boyd S, Ibrahim E, Seiam A, Ibrahim E, Bohlega S, Rinehardt E, Lloyd H, Goldberg M, Marceaux J, Fallows R, McCoy K, Yehyawi N, Luther E, Hilsabeck R, Fulton R, Stevens P, Erickson S, Dodzik P, Williams R, Dsurney J, Najafizadeh L, McGovern J, Chowdhry F, Acevedo A, Bakhtiar A, Karamzadeh N, Amyot F, Gandjbakhche A, Haddad M, Taub E, Johnson M, Wade J, Harper L, Rickards T, Sterling C, Barghi A, Uswatte G, Mark V, Balkema N, Christopher G, Marcus D, Spady M, Bloom J, Wiechmann A, Hall J, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Northington S, Zimmer A, Webbe F, Miller M, Schuster D, Ebner H, Mortimer B, Webbe F, Palmer G, Happe M, Paxson J, Jurek B, Graca J, Meyers J, Lange R, Brickell T, French L, Lange R, Iverson G, Shewchuk J, Madler B, Heran M, Brubacher J, Brickell T, Lange R, Ivins B, French L, Baldassarre M, Paper T, Herrold A, Chin A, Zgaljardic D, Oden K, Lambert M, Dickson S, Miller R, Plenger P, Jacobson K, Olson K, Sutherland E, Glatts C, Schatz P, Walker K, Philip N, McClaughlin S, Mooney S, Seats E, Carnell V, Raintree J, Brown D, Hodges C, Amerson E, Kennedy C, Moore J, Schatz P, Ferris C, Roebuck-Spencer T, Vincent A, Bryan C, Catalano D, Warren A, Monden K, Driver S, Chau P, Seegmiller R, Baker M, Malach S, Mintz J, Villarreal R, Peterson A, Leininger S, Strong C, Donders J, Merritt V, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Arnett P, Whipple E, Schultheis M, Robinson K, Iacovone D, Biester R, Alfano D, Nicholls M, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Arnett P, Rabinowitz A, Vargas G, Arnett P, Klas P, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Vandermeer M, Jeffay E, Zakzanis K, Womble M, Rohling M, Hill B, Corley E, Considine C, Fichtenberg N, Harrison J, Pollock M, Mouanoutoua A, Brimager A, Lebby P, Sullivan K, Edmed S, Silva M, Nakase-Richardson R, Critchfield E, Kieffer K, McCarthy M, Wiegand L, Lindsey H, Hernandez M, Puente A, Noniyeva Y, Lapis Y, Padua M, Poole J, Brooks B, McKay C, Mrazik M, Meeuwisse W, Emery C, Brooks B, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Sherman E, Brooks B, Mazur-Mosiewicz A, Kirkwood M, Sherman E, Gunner J, Miele A, Silk-Eglit G, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Stewart J, Tsou J, Scarisbrick D, Chan R, Bure-Reyes A, Cortes L, Gindy S, Golden C, Hunter B, Biddle C, Shah D, Jaberg P, Moss R, Horner M, VanKirk K, Dismuke C, Turner T, Muzzy W, Dunnam M, Miele A, Warner G, Donnelly K, Donnelly J, Kittleson J, Bradshaw C, Alt M, Margolis S, Ostroy E, Rolin S, Higgins K, Denney R, Rolin S, Eng K, Biddle C, Akeson S, Wall J, Davis J, Hansel J, Hill B, Rohling M, Wang B, Womble M, Gervais R, Greiffenstein M, Denning J, Denning J, Schroeder R, Buddin W, Hargrave D, VonDran E, Campbell E, Brockman C, Heinrichs R, Baade L, Buddin W, Hargrave D, Schroeder R, Teichner G, Waid R, Buddin W, Schroeder R, Teichner G, Waid R, Buican B, Armistead-Jehle P, Bailie J, Dilay A, Cottingham M, Boyd C, Asmussen S, Neff J, Schalk S, Jensen L, DenBoer J, Hall S, DenBoer J, Schalk S, Jensen L, Hall S, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Holcomb E, Axelrod B, Demakis G, Rimland C, Ward J, Ross M, Bailey M, Stubblefield A, Smigielski J, Geske J, Karpyak V, Reese C, Larrabee G, Suhr J, Silk-Eglit G, Gunner J, Miele A, Lynch J, McCaffrey R, Allen L, Celinski M, Gilman J, Davis J, Wall J, LaDuke C, DeMatteo D, Heilbrun K, Swirsky-Sacchetti T, Lindsey H, Puente A, Dedman A, Withers K, Chafetz M, Deneen T, Denney R, Fisher J, Spray B, Savage R, Wiener H, Tyer J, Ningaonkar V, Devlin B, Go R, Sharma V, Tsou J, Golden C, Fontanetta R, Calderon C, Coad S, Golden C, Calderon C, Fontaneta R, Coad S, Golden C, Ringdahl E, Thaler N, Sutton G, Vertinski M, Allen D, Verbiest R, Thaler N, Snyder J, Kinney J, Allen D, Rach A, Young J, Crouse E, Schretlen D, Weaver J, Buchholz A, Gordon B, Macciocchi S, Seel R, Godsall R, Brotsky J, DiRocco A, Houghton-Faryna E, Bolinger E, Hollenbeck C, Hart J, Thaler N, Vertinski M, Ringdahl E, Allen D, Lee B, Strauss G, Adams J, Martins D, Catalano L, Waltz J, Gold J, Haas G, Brown L, Luther J, Goldstein G, Kiely T, Kelley E, Lin G, Su S, Raba C, Gomez R, Trettin L, Solvason H, Schatzberg A, Keller J, Vertinski M, Thaler N, Allen D, Gold J, Buchanan R, Strauss G, Baldock D, Ringdahl E, Sutton G, Thaler N, Allen D, Fallows R, Marceaux J, McCoy K, Yehyawi N, Luther E, Hilsabeck R, Etherton J, Phelps T, Richmond S, Tapscott B, Thomlinson S, Cordeiro L, Wilkening G, Parikh M, Graham L, Grosch M, Hynan L, Weiner M, Cullum C, Hobson Balldin V, Menon C, Younes S, Hall J, Strutt A, Pavlik V, Marquez de la Plata C, Cullum M, Lacritz L, Reisch J, Massman P, Royall D, Barber R, O'Bryant S, Castro-Couch M, Irani F, Houshyarnejad A, Norman M, Peery S, Fonseca F, Bure-Reyes A, Browne B, Alvarez J, Jiminez Y, Baez V, Cortes L, Golden C, Fonseca F, Bure-Reyes A, Coad S, Alvarez J, Browne B, Baez V, Golden C, Resendiz C, Scott B, Farias G, York M, Lozano V, Mahoney M, Strutt A, Hernandez Mejia M, Puente A, Bure-Reyes A, Fonseca F, Baez V, Alvarez J, Browne B, Coad S, Jiminez Y, Cortes L, Golden C, Bure-Reyes A, Pacheco E, Homs A, Acevedo A, Ownby R, Nici J, Hom J, Lutz J, Dean R, Finch H, Pierce S, Moses J, Mann S, Feinberg J, Choi A, Kaminetskaya M, Pierce C, Zacharewicz M, Axelrod B, Gavett B, Horwitz J, Edwards M, O'Bryant S, Ory J, Gouvier W, Carbuccia K, Ory J, Carbuccia K, Gouvier W, Morra L, Garcon S, Lucas M, Donovick P, Whearty K, Campbell K, Camlic S, Donovick P, Edwards M, Balldin V, Hall J, Strutt A, Pavlik V, Marquez de la Plata C, Cullum C, Lacritz L, Reisch J, Massman P, Barber R, Royall D, Younes S, O'Bryant S, Brinckman D, Schultheis M, Ehrhart L, Weisser V, Medaglia J, Merzagora A, Reckess G, Ho T, Testa S, Gordon B, Schretlen D, Woolery H, Farcello C, Klimas N, Thaler N, Allen D, Meyer J, Vargas G, Rabinowitz A, Barwick F, Arnett P, Womble M, Rohling M, Hill B, Corley E, Drayer K, Rohling M, Ploetz D, Womble M, Hill B, Baldock D, Ringdahl E, Sutton G, Thaler N, Allen D, Galusha J, Schmitt A, Livingston R, Stewart R, Quarles L, Pagitt M, Barke C, Baker A, Baker N, Cook N, Ahern D, Correia S, Resnik L, Barnabe K, Gnepp D, Benjamin M, Zlatar Z, Garcia A, Harnish S, Crosson B, Rickards T, Mark V, Taub E, Sterling C, Vaughan L, Uswatte G, Fedio A, Sexton J, Cummings S, Logemann A, Lassiter N, Fedio P, Gremillion A, Nemeth D, Whittington T, Hansen R, Reckow J, Ferraro F, Lewandowski C, Cole J, Lewandowski A, Spector J, Ford-Johnson L, Lengenfelder J, Genova H, Sumowski J, DeLuca J, Chiaravalloti N, Loughan A, Perna R, Hertza J, Morse C, McKeever J, Zhao L, Leist T, Schultheis M, Marcinak J, Piecora K, Al-Khalil K, Webbe F, Mulligan K, Robbins J, Berthelson L, Martin P, Golden C, Piecora K, Marcinak J, Al-Khalil K, Webbe F, Mulligan K, Stewart J, Acevedo A, Ownby R, Thompson L, Kowalczyk W, Golub S, Davis A, Lemann E, Piehl J, Rita N, Moss L, Davis A, Boseck J, Berry K, Koehn E, Meyer B, Gelder B, Davis A, Nogin R, Moss L, Drapeau C, Malm S, Davis A, Lemann E, Koehn E, Drapeau C, Malm S, Boseck J, Armstrong L, Glidewell R, Orr W, Mears G. Grand Rounds. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acs070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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