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Albaugh MD, Owens MM, Juliano A, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Cupertino R, Cao Z, Mackey S, Lepage C, Rioux P, Evans A, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Artiges E, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter A, Garavan H. Differential associations of adolescent versus young adult cannabis initiation with longitudinal brain change and behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5173-5182. [PMID: 37369720 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Leveraging ~10 years of prospective longitudinal data on 704 participants, we examined the effects of adolescent versus young adult cannabis initiation on MRI-assessed cortical thickness development and behavior. Data were obtained from the IMAGEN study conducted across eight European sites. We identified IMAGEN participants who reported being cannabis-naïve at baseline and had data available at baseline, 5-year, and 9-year follow-up visits. Cannabis use was assessed with the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs. T1-weighted MR images were processed through the CIVET pipeline. Cannabis initiation occurring during adolescence (14-19 years) and young adulthood (19-22 years) was associated with differing patterns of longitudinal cortical thickness change. Associations between adolescent cannabis initiation and cortical thickness change were observed primarily in dorso- and ventrolateral portions of the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, cannabis initiation occurring between 19 and 22 years of age was associated with thickness change in temporal and cortical midline areas. Follow-up analysis revealed that longitudinal brain change related to adolescent initiation persisted into young adulthood and partially mediated the association between adolescent cannabis use and past-month cocaine, ecstasy, and cannabis use at age 22. Extent of cannabis initiation during young adulthood (from 19 to 22 years) had an indirect effect on psychotic symptoms at age 22 through thickness change in temporal areas. Results suggest that developmental timing of cannabis exposure may have a marked effect on neuroanatomical correlates of cannabis use as well as associated behavioral sequelae. Critically, this work provides a foundation for neurodevelopmentally informed models of cannabis exposure in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Max M Owens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Anthony Juliano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Renata Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie"; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli; and AP-HP.Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U1299 "Developmental trajectories & psychiatry""; Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli; Gif-sur-Yvette; and Etablissement Public de Santé (EPS) Barthélemy Durand, 91700, Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitaliere Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, London, UK
- PONS Research Group, Dept of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin and Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Alexandra Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Valevicius D, Beck N, Kasper L, Boroday S, Bayer J, Rioux P, Caron B, Adalat R, Evans AC, Khalili-Mahani N. Web-based processing of physiological noise in fMRI: addition of the PhysIO toolbox to CBRAIN. Front Neuroinform 2023; 17:1251023. [PMID: 37841811 PMCID: PMC10569687 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2023.1251023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging research requires sophisticated tools for analyzing complex data, but efficiently leveraging these tools can be a major challenge, especially on large datasets. CBRAIN is a web-based platform designed to simplify the use and accessibility of neuroimaging research tools for large-scale, collaborative studies. In this paper, we describe how CBRAIN's unique features and infrastructure were leveraged to integrate TAPAS PhysIO, an open-source MATLAB toolbox for physiological noise modeling in fMRI data. This case study highlights three key elements of CBRAIN's infrastructure that enable streamlined, multimodal tool integration: a user-friendly GUI, a Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) data-entry schema, and convenient in-browser visualization of results. By incorporating PhysIO into CBRAIN, we achieved significant improvements in the speed, ease of use, and scalability of physiological preprocessing. Researchers now have access to a uniform and intuitive interface for analyzing data, which facilitates remote and collaborative evaluation of results. With these improvements, CBRAIN aims to become an essential open-science tool for integrative neuroimaging research, supporting FAIR principles and enabling efficient workflows for complex analysis pipelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius Valevicius
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natacha Beck
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lars Kasper
- BRAIN-TO Lab, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sergiy Boroday
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Johanna Bayer
- Center for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Orygen Youth Health, Orygen, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bryan Caron
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Reza Adalat
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C. Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Lang BF, Beck N, Prince S, Sarrasin M, Rioux P, Burger G. Mitochondrial genome annotation with MFannot: a critical analysis of gene identification and gene model prediction. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1222186. [PMID: 37469769 PMCID: PMC10352661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1222186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Compared to nuclear genomes, mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are small and usually code for only a few dozen genes. Still, identifying genes and their structure can be challenging and time-consuming. Even automated tools for mitochondrial genome annotation often require manual analysis and curation by skilled experts. The most difficult steps are (i) the structural modelling of intron-containing genes; (ii) the identification and delineation of Group I and II introns; and (iii) the identification of moderately conserved, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes specifying 5S rRNAs, tmRNAs and RNase P RNAs. Additional challenges arise through genetic code evolution which can redefine the translational identity of both start and stop codons, thus obscuring protein-coding genes. Further, RNA editing can render gene identification difficult, if not impossible, without additional RNA sequence data. Current automated mito- and plastid-genome annotators are limited as they are typically tailored to specific eukaryotic groups. The MFannot annotator we developed is unique in its applicability to a broad taxonomic scope, its accuracy in gene model inference, and its capabilities in intron identification and classification. The pipeline leverages curated profile Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), covariance (CMs) and ERPIN models to better capture evolutionarily conserved signatures in the primary sequence (HMMs and CMs) as well as secondary structure (CMs and ERPIN). Here we formally describe MFannot, which has been available as a web-accessible service (https://megasun.bch.umontreal.ca/apps/mfannot/) to the research community for nearly 16 years. Further, we report its performance on particularly intron-rich mitogenomes and describe ongoing and future developments.
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Poline JB, Das S, Glatard T, Madjar C, Dickie EW, Lecours X, Beaudry T, Beck N, Behan B, Brown ST, Bujold D, Beauvais M, Caron B, Czech C, Dharsee M, Dugré M, Evans K, Gee T, Ippoliti G, Kiar G, Knoppers BM, Kuehn T, Le D, Lo D, Mazaheri M, MacFarlane D, Muja N, O'Brien EA, O'Callaghan L, Paiva S, Park P, Quesnel D, Rabelais H, Rioux P, Legault M, Tremblay-Mercier J, Rotenberg D, Stone J, Strauss T, Zaytseva K, Zhou J, Duchesne S, Khan AR, Hill S, Evans AC. Data and Tools Integration in the Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform. Sci Data 2023; 10:189. [PMID: 37024500 PMCID: PMC10079825 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-01946-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We present the Canadian Open Neuroscience Platform (CONP) portal to answer the research community's need for flexible data sharing resources and provide advanced tools for search and processing infrastructure capacity. This portal differs from previous data sharing projects as it integrates datasets originating from a number of already existing platforms or databases through DataLad, a file level data integrity and access layer. The portal is also an entry point for searching and accessing a large number of standardized and containerized software and links to a computing infrastructure. It leverages community standards to help document and facilitate reuse of both datasets and tools, and already shows a growing community adoption giving access to more than 60 neuroscience datasets and over 70 tools. The CONP portal demonstrates the feasibility and offers a model of a distributed data and tool management system across 17 institutions throughout Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Poline
- McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Neuro Data Science ORIGAMI lab, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- McGill University, Healthy Brains Healthy Lives, Neurohub, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Samir Das
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tristan Glatard
- Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cécile Madjar
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erin W Dickie
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xavier Lecours
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thomas Beaudry
- Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natacha Beck
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Shawn T Brown
- Hewlett Packard Entreprise, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US
| | - David Bujold
- McGill University, Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Bryan Caron
- McGill University, Healthy Brains Healthy Lives, Neurohub, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Candice Czech
- McGill University, Healthy Brains Healthy Lives, Neurohub, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Mathieu Dugré
- Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ken Evans
- Indoc Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tom Gee
- Indoc Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giulia Ippoliti
- McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Neuro Data Science ORIGAMI lab, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Department of Bioengineering, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gregory Kiar
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Tristan Kuehn
- University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Diana Le
- McGill University, Healthy Brains Healthy Lives, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Derek Lo
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mandana Mazaheri
- Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dave MacFarlane
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Naser Muja
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmet A O'Brien
- McGill University, Healthy Brains Healthy Lives, Neurohub, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liam O'Callaghan
- McGill University, Healthy Brains Healthy Lives, Neurohub, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Santiago Paiva
- McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Neuro Data Science ORIGAMI lab, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Park
- University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Darcy Quesnel
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Henri Rabelais
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Legault
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute - Research Centre, StoP-Alzheimer Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Rotenberg
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Stone
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ted Strauss
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ksenia Zaytseva
- McGill University, Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joey Zhou
- Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Duchesne
- McGill University, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ali R Khan
- University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sean Hill
- Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McGill University, Ludmer Centre for Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Albaugh MD, Hudziak JJ, Spechler PA, Chaarani B, Lepage C, Jeon S, Rioux P, Evans AC, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter AS, Garavan H. Conduct problems are associated with accelerated thinning of emotion-related cortical regions in a community-based sample of adolescents. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 330:111614. [PMID: 36812809 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the association between conduct problems and cerebral cortical development. Herein, we characterize the association between age-related brain change and conduct problems in a large longitudinal, community-based sample of adolescents. 1,039 participants from the IMAGEN study possessed psychopathology and surface-based morphometric data at study baseline (M = 14.42 years, SD = 0.40; 559 females) and 5-year follow-up. Self-reports of conduct problems were obtained using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Vertex-level linear mixed effects models were implemented using the Matlab toolbox, SurfStat. To investigate the extent to which cortical thickness maturation was qualified by dimensional measures of conduct problems, we tested for an interaction between age and SDQ Conduct Problems (CP) score. There was no main effect of CP score on cortical thickness; however, a significant "Age by CP" interaction was revealed in bilateral insulae, left inferior frontal gyrus, left rostral anterior cingulate, left posterior cingulate, and bilateral inferior parietal cortices. Across regions, follow-up analysis revealed higher levels of CP were associated with accelerated age-related thinning. Findings were not meaningfully altered when controlling for alcohol use, co-occurring psychopathology, and socioeconomic status. Results may help to further elucidate neurodevelopmental patterns linking adolescent conduct problems with adverse adult outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America.
| | - James J Hudziak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Philip A Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Seun Jeon
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany [or depending on journal requirements can be: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestr. 2 - 12, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", University Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U 1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrieȝ, University Paris-Saclay, CNRS; Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre Borelli; Gif-sur-Yvette, Paris; France; AP-HP. Sorbonne University, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris; France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Stratified Medicine (PONS), Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine (PONS), Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexandra S Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
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6
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Prince S, Munoz C, Filion-Bienvenue F, Rioux P, Sarrasin M, Lang BF. Refining Mitochondrial Intron Classification With ERPIN: Identification Based on Conservation of Sequence Plus Secondary Structure Motifs. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:866187. [PMID: 35369492 PMCID: PMC8971849 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.866187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial genomes—in particular those of fungi—often encode genes with a large number of Group I and Group II introns that are conserved at both the sequence and the RNA structure level. They provide a rich resource for the investigation of intron and gene structure, self- and protein-guided splicing mechanisms, and intron evolution. Yet, the degree of sequence conservation of introns is limited, and the primary sequence differs considerably among the distinct intron sub-groups. It makes intron identification, classification, structural modeling, and the inference of gene models a most challenging and error-prone task—frequently passed on to an “expert” for manual intervention. To reduce the need for manual curation of intron structures and mitochondrial gene models, computational methods using ERPIN sequence profiles were initially developed in 2007. Here we present a refinement of search models and alignments using the now abundant publicly available fungal mtDNA sequences. In addition, we have tested in how far members of the originally proposed sub-groups are clearly distinguished and validated by our computational approach. We confirm clearly distinct mitochondrial Group I sub-groups IA1, IA3, IB3, IC1, IC2, and ID. Yet, IB1, IB2, and IB4 ERPIN models are overlapping substantially in predictions, and are therefore combined and reported as IB. We have further explored the conversion of our ERPIN profiles into covariance models (CM). Current limitations and prospects of the CM approach will be discussed.
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Mazar A, Robinson C, Starr C, Layton G, Rioux P. 1729TiP Rationale and design of the phase IIb/III VOICE trial of clonidine MBT for the prevention of severe oral mucositis in patients with OPC receiving chemoradiotherapy. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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8
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OmidYeganeh M, Khalili-Mahani N, Bermudez P, Ross A, Lepage C, Vincent RD, Jeon S, Lewis LB, Das S, Zijdenbos AP, Rioux P, Adalat R, Van Eede MC, Evans AC. A Simulation Toolkit for Testing the Sensitivity and Accuracy of Corticometry Pipelines. Front Neuroinform 2021; 15:665560. [PMID: 34381348 PMCID: PMC8350777 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2021.665560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the replicability of neuroimaging findings has become an important concern to the research community. Neuroimaging pipelines consist of myriad numerical procedures, which can have a cumulative effect on the accuracy of findings. To address this problem, we propose a method for simulating artificial lesions in the brain in order to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of lesion detection, using different automated corticometry pipelines. We have applied this method to different versions of two widely used neuroimaging pipelines (CIVET and FreeSurfer), in terms of coefficients of variation; sensitivity and specificity of detecting lesions in 4 different regions of interest in the cortex, while introducing variations to the lesion size, the blurring kernel used prior to statistical analyses, and different thickness metrics (in CIVET). These variations are tested in a between-subject design (in two random groups, with and without lesions, using T1-weigted MRIs of 152 individuals from the International Consortium of Brain Mapping (ICBM) dataset) and in a within-subject pre-/post-lesion design [using 21 T1-Weighted MRIs of a single adult individual, scanned in the Infant Brain Imaging Study (IBIS)]. The simulation method is sensitive to partial volume effect and lesion size. Comparisons between pipelines illustrate the ability of this method to uncover differences in sensitivity and specificity of lesion detection. We propose that this method be adopted in the workflow of software development and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona OmidYeganeh
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Bermudez
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alison Ross
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claude Lepage
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Robert D Vincent
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Jeon
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lindsay B Lewis
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Das
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alex P Zijdenbos
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Reza Adalat
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alan C Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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9
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Albaugh MD, Ottino-Gonzalez J, Sidwell A, Lepage C, Juliano A, Owens MM, Chaarani B, Spechler P, Fontaine N, Rioux P, Lewis L, Jeon S, Evans A, D’Souza D, Radhakrishnan R, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Quinlan EB, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter A, Garavan H. Association of Cannabis Use During Adolescence With Neurodevelopment. JAMA Psychiatry 2021; 78:2781289. [PMID: 34132750 PMCID: PMC8209561 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Animal studies have shown that the adolescent brain is sensitive to disruptions in endocannabinoid signaling, resulting in altered neurodevelopment and lasting behavioral effects. However, few studies have investigated ties between cannabis use and adolescent brain development in humans. OBJECTIVE To examine the degree to which magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-assessed cerebral cortical thickness development is associated with cannabis use in a longitudinal sample of adolescents. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data were obtained from the community-based IMAGEN cohort study, conducted across 8 European sites. Baseline data used in the present study were acquired from March 1, 2008, to December 31, 2011, and follow-up data were acquired from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2016. A total of 799 IMAGEN participants were identified who reported being cannabis naive at study baseline and had behavioral and neuroimaging data available at baseline and 5-year follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed from October 1, 2019, to August 31, 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cannabis use was assessed at baseline and 5-year follow-up with the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs. Anatomical MR images were acquired with a 3-dimensional T1-weighted magnetization prepared gradient echo sequence. Quality-controlled native MR images were processed through the CIVET pipeline, version 2.1.0. RESULTS The study evaluated 1598 MR images from 799 participants (450 female participants [56.3%]; mean [SD] age, 14.4 [0.4] years at baseline and 19.0 [0.7] years at follow-up). At 5-year follow-up, cannabis use (from 0 to >40 uses) was negatively associated with thickness in left prefrontal (peak: t785 = -4.87, cluster size = 1558 vertices; P = 1.10 × 10-6, random field theory cluster corrected) and right prefrontal (peak: t785 = -4.27, cluster size = 1551 vertices; P = 2.81 × 10-5, random field theory cluster corrected) cortices. There were no significant associations between lifetime cannabis use at 5-year follow-up and baseline cortical thickness, suggesting that the observed neuroanatomical differences did not precede initiation of cannabis use. Longitudinal analysis revealed that age-related cortical thinning was qualified by cannabis use in a dose-dependent fashion such that greater use, from baseline to follow-up, was associated with increased thinning in left prefrontal (peak: t815.27 = -4.24, cluster size = 3643 vertices; P = 2.28 × 10-8, random field theory cluster corrected) and right prefrontal (peak: t813.30 = -4.71, cluster size = 2675 vertices; P = 3.72 × 10-8, random field theory cluster corrected) cortices. The spatial pattern of cannabis-related thinning was associated with age-related thinning in this sample (r = 0.540; P < .001), and a positron emission tomography-assessed cannabinoid 1 receptor-binding map derived from a separate sample of participants (r = -0.189; P < .001). Analysis revealed that thinning in right prefrontal cortices, from baseline to follow-up, was associated with attentional impulsiveness at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results suggest that cannabis use during adolescence is associated with altered neurodevelopment, particularly in cortices rich in cannabinoid 1 receptors and undergoing the greatest age-related thickness change in middle to late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | | | - Amanda Sidwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anthony Juliano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Max M. Owens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Philip Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Nicholas Fontaine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lindsay Lewis
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Seun Jeon
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alan Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Deepak D’Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Rajiv Radhakrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie” Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U A10 “Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie,” Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre Borelli, Paris, France
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Campus Charité Mitte, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Alexandra Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington
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10
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Kiar G, de Oliveira Castro P, Rioux P, Petit E, Brown ST, Evans AC, Glatard T. Comparing perturbation models for evaluating stability of neuroimaging pipelines. Int J High Perform Comput Appl 2020; 34:491-501. [PMID: 32831546 PMCID: PMC7418878 DOI: 10.1177/1094342020926237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
With an increase in awareness regarding a troubling lack of reproducibility in analytical software tools, the degree of validity in scientific derivatives and their downstream results has become unclear. The nature of reproducibility issues may vary across domains, tools, data sets, and computational infrastructures, but numerical instabilities are thought to be a core contributor. In neuroimaging, unexpected deviations have been observed when varying operating systems, software implementations, or adding negligible quantities of noise. In the field of numerical analysis, these issues have recently been explored through Monte Carlo Arithmetic, a method involving the instrumentation of floating-point operations with probabilistic noise injections at a target precision. Exploring multiple simulations in this context allows the characterization of the result space for a given tool or operation. In this article, we compare various perturbation models to introduce instabilities within a typical neuroimaging pipeline, including (i) targeted noise, (ii) Monte Carlo Arithmetic, and (iii) operating system variation, to identify the significance and quality of their impact on the resulting derivatives. We demonstrate that even low-order models in neuroimaging such as the structural connectome estimation pipeline evaluated here are sensitive to numerical instabilities, suggesting that stability is a relevant axis upon which tools are compared, alongside more traditional criteria such as biological feasibility, computational efficiency, or, when possible, accuracy. Heterogeneity was observed across participants which clearly illustrates a strong interaction between the tool and data set being processed, requiring that the stability of a given tool be evaluated with respect to a given cohort. We identify use cases for each perturbation method tested, including quality assurance, pipeline error detection, and local sensitivity analysis, and make recommendations for the evaluation of stability in a practical and analytically focused setting. Identifying how these relationships and recommendations scale to higher order computational tools, distinct data sets, and their implication on biological feasibility remain exciting avenues for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Kiar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Pierre Rioux
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eric Petit
- Exascale Computing Lab, Intel, Paris, France
| | - Shawn T Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tristan Glatard
- Department of Computer Science, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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11
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Chastang F, Rioux P, Dupont I, Baranger E, Kovess V, Zariflan E. Suicide attempts and job insecurity: a complex association. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 13:359-64. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(99)80703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/1997] [Revised: 05/18/1998] [Accepted: 07/09/1998] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryObjective:Since Durkheim, epidemiological studies have revealed a significant, complex association between unemployment and suicidal behaviour. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between parasuicide and job instability, including unemployment, French social measures against unemployment and occasional work.Method:Demographic data, personal and familial characteristics were collected in 541 suicide attempters.Results:Seventy-seven per cent were socially active, with 61.5% in regular employment, and 38.5% in precarious employment. The female-to-male ratio approached 2 in the securely employed sample, and fell to 1 for those with poor social and professional integration. Depression, parasuicide, and alcohol abuse were more common in the families of repeaters in secure employment. The impact of the familial psychiatric background was no longer significant in the job insecurity group. Fostering in childhood was a risk factor for repeat suicidal behaviour in the group with job insecurity.
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12
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Albaugh MD, Hudziak JJ, Ing A, Chaarani B, Barker E, Jia T, Lemaitre H, Watts R, Orr C, Spechler PA, Lepage C, Fonov V, Collins L, Rioux P, Evans AC, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Frouin V, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Garavan H, Potter A. White matter microstructure is associated with hyperactive/inattentive symptomatology and polygenic risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a population-based sample of adolescents. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1597-1603. [PMID: 30952157 PMCID: PMC6784993 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the link between putative biomarkers of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology and genetic risk for ADHD. To address this, we investigate the degree to which ADHD symptomatology is associated with white matter microstructure and cerebral cortical thickness in a large population-based sample of adolescents. Critically, we then test the extent to which multimodal correlates of ADHD symptomatology are related to ADHD polygenic risk score (PRS). Neuroimaging, genetic, and behavioral data were obtained from the IMAGEN study. A dimensional ADHD composite score was derived from multi-informant ratings of ADHD symptomatology. Using tract-based spatial statistics, whole brain voxel-wise regressions between fractional anisotropy (FA) and ADHD composite score were calculated. Local cortical thickness was regressed on ADHD composite score. ADHD PRS was based on a very recent genome-wide association study, and calculated using PRSice. ADHD composite score was negatively associated with FA in several white matter pathways, including bilateral superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi (p < 0.05, corrected). ADHD composite score was negatively associated with orbitofrontal cortical thickness (p < 0.05, corrected). The ADHD composite score was correlated with ADHD PRS (p < 0.001). FA correlates of ADHD symptomatology were significantly associated with ADHD PRS, whereas cortical thickness correlates of ADHD symptomatology were unrelated to ADHD PRS. Variation in hyperactive/inattentive symptomatology was associated with white matter microstructure, which, in turn, was related to ADHD PRS. Results suggest that genetic risk for ADHD symptomatology may be tied to biological processes affecting white matter microstructure.
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Grants
- L40 MH108486 NIMH NIH HHS
- MR/R00465X/1 Medical Research Council
- MRF_MRF-058-0004-RG-DESRI MRF
- This work received support from the following sources: the European Union-funded FP6 Integrated Project IMAGEN (Reinforcement-related behaviour in normal brain function and psychopathology) (LSHM-CT- 2007-037286), the Horizon 2020 funded ERC Advanced Grant ‘STRATIFY’ (Brain network based stratification of reinforcement-related disorders) (695313), ERANID (Understanding the Interplay between Cultural, Biological and Subjective Factors in Drug Use Pathways) (PR-ST-0416-10004), BRIDGET (JPND: BRain Imaging, cognition Dementia and next generation GEnomics) (MR/N027558/1), the FP7 projects IMAGEMEND(602450; IMAging GEnetics for MENtal Disorders) and MATRICS (603016), the Innovative Medicine Initiative Project EU-AIMS (115300-2), the Medical Research Council Grant ‘c-VEDA’ (Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions) (MR/N000390/1), the Swedish Research Council FORMAS, the Medical Research Council, the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, the Bundesministeriumfür Bildung und Forschung (BMBF grants 01GS08152; 01EV0711; eMED SysAlc01ZX1311A; Forschungsnetz AERIAL 01EE1406A, 01EE1406B), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grants SM 80/7-2, SFB 940/2), the Medical Research Foundation and Medical research council (grant MR/R00465X/1). Further support was provided by grants from: ANR (project AF12-NEUR0008-01 - WM2NA, and ANR-12-SAMA-0004), the Fondation de France, the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, the Mission Interministérielle de Lutte-contre-les-Drogues-et-les-Conduites-Addictives (MILDECA), the Assistance-Publique-Hôpitaux-de-Paris and INSERM (interface grant), Paris Sud University IDEX 2012; the National Institutes of Health, Science Foundation Ireland (16/ERCD/3797), U.S.A. (Axon, Testosterone and Mental Health during Adolescence; RO1 MH085772-01A1), and by NIH Consortium grant U54 EB020403, supported by a cross-NIH alliance that funds Big Data to Knowledge Centres of Excellence.
- Drs. Garavan and Potter are supported P20GM103644 (PI: Stephen T. Higgins), Agency: NIGMS Vermont Center on Behavior and Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Albaugh
- Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - James J Hudziak
- Department of Psychiatry, Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Alex Ing
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Edward Barker
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tianye Jia
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herve Lemaitre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR 992 INSERM, CEA, Faculté de médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Richard Watts
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Catherine Orr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Philip A Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vladimir Fonov
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Collins
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, House W34, 3.OG, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, House W34, 3.OG, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, 68131, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestrasse 2 - 12, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M6A 2E1, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Alexandra Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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13
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Albaugh MD, Hudziak JJ, Orr C, Spechler PA, Chaarani B, Mackey S, Lepage C, Fonov V, Rioux P, Evans AC, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Grigis A, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Martinot MLP, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Paus T, Poustka L, Millenet S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Potter AS, Garavan H. Amygdalar reactivity is associated with prefrontal cortical thickness in a large population-based sample of adolescents. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216152. [PMID: 31048888 PMCID: PMC6497259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In structural neuroimaging studies, reduced cerebral cortical thickness in orbital and ventromedial prefrontal regions is frequently interpreted as reflecting an impaired ability to downregulate neuronal activity in the amygdalae. Unfortunately, little research has been conducted in order to test this conjecture. We examine the extent to which amygdalar reactivity is associated with cortical thickness in a population-based sample of adolescents. Data were obtained from the IMAGEN study, which includes 2,223 adolescents. While undergoing functional neuroimaging, participants passively viewed video clips of a face that started from a neutral expression and progressively turned angry, or, instead, turned to a second neutral expression. Left and right amygdala ROIs were used to extract mean BOLD signal change for the angry minus neutral face contrast for all subjects. T1-weighted images were processed through the CIVET pipeline (version 2.1.0). In variable-centered analyses, local cortical thickness was regressed against amygdalar reactivity using first and second-order linear models. In a follow-up person-centered analysis, we defined a “high reactive” group of participants based on mean amygdalar BOLD signal change for the angry minus neutral face contrast. Between-group differences in cortical thickness were examined (“high reactive” versus all other participants). A significant association was revealed between the continuous measure of amygdalar reactivity and bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortical thickness in a second-order linear model (p < 0.05, corrected). The “high reactive” group, in comparison to all other participants, possessed reduced cortical thickness in bilateral orbital and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, bilateral anterior temporal cortices, left caudal middle temporal gyrus, and the left inferior and middle frontal gyri (p < 0.05, corrected). Results are consistent with non-human primate studies, and provide empirical support for an association between reduced prefrontal cortical thickness and amygdalar reactivity. Future research will likely benefit from investigating the degree to which psychopathology qualifies relations between prefrontal cortical structure and amygdalar reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Albaugh
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - James. J. Hudziak
- Vermont Center for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Catherine Orr
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Philip A. Spechler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Bader Chaarani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Scott Mackey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vladimir Fonov
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C. Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L. W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany [or depending on journal requirements can be: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry”, University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes—Sorbonne Paris Cité; and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry”; University Paris Sud; University Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Universités; and AP-HP, Department of Child and AdolescentPsychiatryPitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra S. Potter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
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14
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Das S, Lecours Boucher X, Rogers C, Makowski C, Chouinard-Decorte F, Oros Klein K, Beck N, Rioux P, Brown ST, Mohaddes Z, Zweber C, Foing V, Forest M, O'Donnell KJ, Clark J, Meaney MJ, Greenwood CMT, Evans AC. Integration of "omics" Data and Phenotypic Data Within a Unified Extensible Multimodal Framework. Front Neuroinform 2018; 12:91. [PMID: 30631270 PMCID: PMC6315165 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2018.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of “omics” data is often a long and segmented process, encompassing multiple stages from initial data collection to processing, quality control and visualization. The cross-modal nature of recent genomic analyses renders this process challenging to both automate and standardize; consequently, users often resort to manual interventions that compromise data reliability and reproducibility. This in turn can produce multiple versions of datasets across storage systems. As a result, scientists can lose significant time and resources trying to execute and monitor their analytical workflows and encounter difficulties sharing versioned data. In 2015, the Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health at McGill University brought together expertise from the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, the Lady Davis Institute and the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) to form a genetics/epigenetics working group. The objectives of this working group are to: (i) design an automated and seamless process for (epi)genetic data that consolidates heterogeneous datasets into the LORIS open-source data platform; (ii) streamline data analysis; (iii) integrate results with provenance information; and (iv) facilitate structured and versioned sharing of pipelines for optimized reproducibility using high-performance computing (HPC) environments via the CBRAIN processing portal. This article outlines the resulting generalizable “omics” framework and its benefits, specifically, the ability to: (i) integrate multiple types of biological and multi-modal datasets (imaging, clinical, demographics and behavioral); (ii) automate the process of launching analysis pipelines on HPC platforms; (iii) remove the bioinformatic barriers that are inherent to this process; (iv) ensure standardization and transparent sharing of processing pipelines to improve computational consistency; (v) store results in a queryable web interface; (vi) offer visualization tools to better view the data; and (vii) provide the mechanisms to ensure usability and reproducibility. This framework for workflows facilitates brain research discovery by reducing human error through automation of analysis pipelines and seamless linking of multimodal data, allowing investigators to focus on research instead of data handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Das
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xavier Lecours Boucher
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Rogers
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolina Makowski
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Chouinard-Decorte
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kathleen Oros Klein
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natacha Beck
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shawn T Brown
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zia Mohaddes
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cole Zweber
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Victoria Foing
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Forest
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kieran J O'Donnell
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joanne Clark
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Celia M T Greenwood
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics & Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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15
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Glatard T, Kiar G, Aumentado-Armstrong T, Beck N, Bellec P, Bernard R, Bonnet A, Brown ST, Camarasu-Pop S, Cervenansky F, Das S, Ferreira da Silva R, Flandin G, Girard P, Gorgolewski KJ, Guttmann CRG, Hayot-Sasson V, Quirion PO, Rioux P, Rousseau MÉ, Evans AC. Boutiques: a flexible framework to integrate command-line applications in computing platforms. Gigascience 2018; 7:4951979. [PMID: 29718199 PMCID: PMC6007562 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present Boutiques, a system to automatically publish, integrate, and execute command-line applications across computational platforms. Boutiques applications are installed through software containers described in a rich and flexible JSON language. A set of core tools facilitates the construction, validation, import, execution, and publishing of applications. Boutiques is currently supported by several distinct virtual research platforms, and it has been used to describe dozens of applications in the neuroinformatics domain. We expect Boutiques to improve the quality of application integration in computational platforms, to reduce redundancy of effort, to contribute to computational reproducibility, and to foster Open Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Glatard
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gregory Kiar
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Natacha Beck
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Gériatrie de Montréal CRIUGM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rémi Bernard
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Axel Bonnet
- University of Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, CREATIS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Shawn T Brown
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - Samir Das
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - Pascal Girard
- University of Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, CREATIS, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Charles R G Guttmann
- Center for Neurological Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital,, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valérie Hayot-Sasson
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Alan C Evans
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Canada
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16
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Das S, Glatard T, Rogers C, Saigle J, Paiva S, MacIntyre L, Safi-Harab M, Rousseau ME, Stirling J, Khalili-Mahani N, MacFarlane D, Kostopoulos P, Rioux P, Madjar C, Lecours-Boucher X, Vanamala S, Adalat R, Mohaddes Z, Fonov VS, Milot S, Leppert I, Degroot C, Durcan TM, Campbell T, Moreau J, Dagher A, Collins DL, Karamchandani J, Bar-Or A, Fon EA, Hoge R, Baillet S, Rouleau G, Evans AC. Cyberinfrastructure for Open Science at the Montreal Neurological Institute. Front Neuroinform 2017; 10:53. [PMID: 28111547 PMCID: PMC5216036 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2016.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Data sharing is becoming more of a requirement as technologies mature and as global research and communications diversify. As a result, researchers are looking for practical solutions, not only to enhance scientific collaborations, but also to acquire larger amounts of data, and to access specialized datasets. In many cases, the realities of data acquisition present a significant burden, therefore gaining access to public datasets allows for more robust analyses and broadly enriched data exploration. To answer this demand, the Montreal Neurological Institute has announced its commitment to Open Science, harnessing the power of making both clinical and research data available to the world (Owens, 2016a,b). As such, the LORIS and CBRAIN (Das et al., 2016) platforms have been tasked with the technical challenges specific to the institutional-level implementation of open data sharing, including: Comprehensive linking of multimodal data (phenotypic, clinical, neuroimaging, biobanking, and genomics, etc.)Secure database encryption, specifically designed for institutional and multi-project data sharing, ensuring subject confidentiality (using multi-tiered identifiers).Querying capabilities with multiple levels of single study and institutional permissions, allowing public data sharing for all consented and de-identified subject data.Configurable pipelines and flags to facilitate acquisition and analysis, as well as access to High Performance Computing clusters for rapid data processing and sharing of software tools.Robust Workflows and Quality Control mechanisms ensuring transparency and consistency in best practices.Long term storage (and web access) of data, reducing loss of institutional data assets.Enhanced web-based visualization of imaging, genomic, and phenotypic data, allowing for real-time viewing and manipulation of data from anywhere in the world.Numerous modules for data filtering, summary statistics, and personalized and configurable dashboards. Implementing the vision of Open Science at the Montreal Neurological Institute will be a concerted undertaking that seeks to facilitate data sharing for the global research community. Our goal is to utilize the years of experience in multi-site collaborative research infrastructure to implement the technical requirements to achieve this level of public data sharing in a practical yet robust manner, in support of accelerating scientific discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Das
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tristan Glatard
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Rogers
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - John Saigle
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Santiago Paiva
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Leigh MacIntyre
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mouna Safi-Harab
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Etienne Rousseau
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jordan Stirling
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - David MacFarlane
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Penelope Kostopoulos
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecile Madjar
- Douglas Mental Health University HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xavier Lecours-Boucher
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Reza Adalat
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zia Mohaddes
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vladimir S. Fonov
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Milot
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ilana Leppert
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Tara Campbell
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jeremy Moreau
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - D. Louis Collins
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Amit Bar-Or
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Rick Hoge
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Baillet
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C. Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Neurological InstituteMontreal, QC, Canada
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17
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Glatard T, Das S, Adalat R, Beck N, Bernard R, Khalili-Mahani N, Rioux P, Rousseau MÉ, Evans AC. Nipype interfaces in CBRAIN. Gigascience 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s13742-016-0147-0-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Glatard
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- University of Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, CREATIS., Villeurbanne, France
| | - Samir Das
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Reza Adalat
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Natacha Beck
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rémi Bernard
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-Étienne Rousseau
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alan C. Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Craddock RC, Bellec P, Margules DS, Nichols BN, Pfannmöller JP, Badhwar A, Kennedy D, Poline JB, Toro R, Cipollini B, Rokem A, Clark D, Gorgolewski KJ, Craddock RC, Craddock RC, Clark DJ, Das S, Madjar C, Sengupta A, Mohades Z, Dery S, Deng W, Earl E, Demeter DV, Mills K, Mihai G, Ruzic L, Ketz N, Reineberg A, Reddan MC, Goddings AL, Gonzalez-Castillo J, Gorgolewski KJ, Froehlich C, Dekel G, Margulies DS, Craddock RC, Fulcher BD, Glatard T, Das S, Adalat R, Beck N, Bernard R, Khalili-Mahani N, Rioux P, Rousseau MÉ, Evans AC, Halchenko YO, Castello MVDO, Hernández-Pérez R, Morales EA, Cuaya LV, Ito KL, Liew SL, Johnson HJ, Kan E, Anglin J, Borich M, Jahanshad N, Thompson P, Liew SL, Margulies DS, Falkiewicz M, Huntenburg JM, O’Connor D, Clark DJ, Milham MP, Craddock RC, Pereira RF, Heinsfeld AS, Franco AR, Buchweitz A, Meneguzzi F, Pfannmöller JP, Mesquita R, Herrera LCT, Dentico D, Sochat V, Nichols BN, Heinsfeld AS, Franco AR, Buchweitz A, Meneguzzi F, Villalon-Reina JE, Garyfallidis E. 2015 Brainhack Proceedings. Gigascience 2016. [PMCID: PMC5103253 DOI: 10.1186/s13742-016-0147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
I1 Introduction to the 2015 Brainhack Proceedings R. Cameron Craddock, Pierre Bellec, Daniel S. Margules, B. Nolan Nichols, Jörg P. Pfannmöller A1 Distributed collaboration: the case for the enhancement of Brainspell’s interface AmanPreet Badhwar, David Kennedy, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Roberto Toro A2 Advancing open science through NiData Ben Cipollini, Ariel Rokem A3 Integrating the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) standard into C-PAC Daniel Clark, Krzysztof J. Gorgolewski, R. Cameron Craddock A4 Optimized implementations of voxel-wise degree centrality and local functional connectivity density mapping in AFNI R. Cameron Craddock, Daniel J. Clark A5 LORIS: DICOM anonymizer Samir Das, Cécile Madjar, Ayan Sengupta, Zia Mohades A6 Automatic extraction of academic collaborations in neuroimaging Sebastien Dery A7 NiftyView: a zero-footprint web application for viewing DICOM and NIfTI files Weiran Deng A8 Human Connectome Project Minimal Preprocessing Pipelines to Nipype Eric Earl, Damion V. Demeter, Kate Mills, Glad Mihai, Luka Ruzic, Nick Ketz, Andrew Reineberg, Marianne C. Reddan, Anne-Lise Goddings, Javier Gonzalez-Castillo, Krzysztof J. Gorgolewski A9 Generating music with resting-state fMRI data Caroline Froehlich, Gil Dekel, Daniel S. Margulies, R. Cameron Craddock A10 Highly comparable time-series analysis in Nitime Ben D. Fulcher A11 Nipype interfaces in CBRAIN Tristan Glatard, Samir Das, Reza Adalat, Natacha Beck, Rémi Bernard, Najmeh Khalili-Mahani, Pierre Rioux, Marc-Étienne Rousseau, Alan C. Evans A12 DueCredit: automated collection of citations for software, methods, and data Yaroslav O. Halchenko, Matteo Visconti di Oleggio Castello A13 Open source low-cost device to register dog’s heart rate and tail movement Raúl Hernández-Pérez, Edgar A. Morales, Laura V. Cuaya A14 Calculating the Laterality Index Using FSL for Stroke Neuroimaging Data Kaori L. Ito, Sook-Lei Liew A15 Wrapping FreeSurfer 6 for use in high-performance computing environments Hans J. Johnson A16 Facilitating big data meta-analyses for clinical neuroimaging through ENIGMA wrapper scripts Erik Kan, Julia Anglin, Michael Borich, Neda Jahanshad, Paul Thompson, Sook-Lei Liew A17 A cortical surface-based geodesic distance package for Python Daniel S Margulies, Marcel Falkiewicz, Julia M Huntenburg A18 Sharing data in the cloud David O’Connor, Daniel J. Clark, Michael P. Milham, R. Cameron Craddock A19 Detecting task-based fMRI compliance using plan abandonment techniques Ramon Fraga Pereira, Anibal Sólon Heinsfeld, Alexandre Rosa Franco, Augusto Buchweitz, Felipe Meneguzzi A20 Self-organization and brain function Jörg P. Pfannmöller, Rickson Mesquita, Luis C.T. Herrera, Daniela Dentico A21 The Neuroimaging Data Model (NIDM) API Vanessa Sochat, B Nolan Nichols A22 NeuroView: a customizable browser-base utility Anibal Sólon Heinsfeld, Alexandre Rosa Franco, Augusto Buchweitz, Felipe Meneguzzi A23 DIPY: Brain tissue classification Julio E. Villalon-Reina, Eleftherios Garyfallidis
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Das S, Glatard T, MacIntyre LC, Madjar C, Rogers C, Rousseau ME, Rioux P, MacFarlane D, Mohades Z, Gnanasekaran R, Makowski C, Kostopoulos P, Adalat R, Khalili-Mahani N, Niso G, Moreau JT, Evans AC. The MNI data-sharing and processing ecosystem. Neuroimage 2015; 124:1188-1195. [PMID: 26364860 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging has been facing a data deluge characterized by the exponential growth of both raw and processed data. As a result, mining the massive quantities of digital data collected in these studies offers unprecedented opportunities and has become paramount for today's research. As the neuroimaging community enters the world of "Big Data", there has been a concerted push for enhanced sharing initiatives, whether within a multisite study, across studies, or federated and shared publicly. This article will focus on the database and processing ecosystem developed at the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) to support multicenter data acquisition both nationally and internationally, create database repositories, facilitate data-sharing initiatives, and leverage existing software toolkits for large-scale data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Das
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Tristan Glatard
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Université de Lyon, CREATIS ; CNRS UMR5220 ; Inserm U1044 ; INSA-Lyon ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Leigh C MacIntyre
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cecile Madjar
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christine Rogers
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marc-Etienne Rousseau
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dave MacFarlane
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Zia Mohades
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rathi Gnanasekaran
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carolina Makowski
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Penelope Kostopoulos
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Reza Adalat
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guiomar Niso
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jeremy T Moreau
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (BIC), Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience (MCIN), Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Glatard T, Lewis LB, Ferreira da Silva R, Adalat R, Beck N, Lepage C, Rioux P, Rousseau ME, Sherif T, Deelman E, Khalili-Mahani N, Evans AC. Reproducibility of neuroimaging analyses across operating systems. Front Neuroinform 2015; 9:12. [PMID: 25964757 PMCID: PMC4408913 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2015.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging pipelines are known to generate different results depending on the computing platform where they are compiled and executed. We quantify these differences for brain tissue classification, fMRI analysis, and cortical thickness (CT) extraction, using three of the main neuroimaging packages (FSL, Freesurfer and CIVET) and different versions of GNU/Linux. We also identify some causes of these differences using library and system call interception. We find that these packages use mathematical functions based on single-precision floating-point arithmetic whose implementations in operating systems continue to evolve. While these differences have little or no impact on simple analysis pipelines such as brain extraction and cortical tissue classification, their accumulation creates important differences in longer pipelines such as subcortical tissue classification, fMRI analysis, and cortical thickness extraction. With FSL, most Dice coefficients between subcortical classifications obtained on different operating systems remain above 0.9, but values as low as 0.59 are observed. Independent component analyses (ICA) of fMRI data differ between operating systems in one third of the tested subjects, due to differences in motion correction. With Freesurfer and CIVET, in some brain regions we find an effect of build or operating system on cortical thickness. A first step to correct these reproducibility issues would be to use more precise representations of floating-point numbers in the critical sections of the pipelines. The numerical stability of pipelines should also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Glatard
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lyon, INSERM, CREATIS Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lindsay B Lewis
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Reza Adalat
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natacha Beck
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Claude Lepage
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Etienne Rousseau
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tarek Sherif
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ewa Deelman
- Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Najmeh Khalili-Mahani
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan C Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
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Chouinard-Decorte F, McKay DR, Reid A, Khundrakpam B, Zhao L, Karama S, Rioux P, Sprooten E, Knowles E, Kent JW, Curran JE, Göring HHH, Dyer TD, Olvera RL, Kochunov P, Duggirala R, Fox PT, Almasy L, Blangero J, Bellec P, Evans AC, Glahn DC. Heritable changes in regional cortical thickness with age. Brain Imaging Behav 2014; 8:208-16. [PMID: 24752552 PMCID: PMC4205107 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-014-9296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
It is now well established that regional indices of brain structure such as cortical thickness, surface area or grey matter volume exhibit spatially variable patterns of heritability. However, a recent study found these patterns to change with age during development, a result supported by gene expression studies. Changes in heritability have not been investigated in adulthood so far and could have important implications in the study of heritability and genetic correlations in the brain as well as in the discovery of specific genes explaining them. Herein, we tested for genotype by age (G ×A) interactions, an extension of genotype by environment interactions, through adulthood and healthy aging in 902 subjects from the Genetics of Brain Structure (GOBS) study. A "jackknife" based method for the analysis of stable cortical thickness clusters (JASC) and scale selection is also introduced. Although additive genetic variance remained constant throughout adulthood, we found evidence for incomplete pleiotropy across age in the cortical thickness of paralimbic and parieto-temporal areas. This suggests that different genetic factors account for cortical thickness heritability at different ages in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Chouinard-Decorte
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - D. Reese McKay
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06571, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Andrew Reid
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Budhachandra Khundrakpam
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Lu Zhao
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Sherif Karama
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4H 1R2, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Emma Sprooten
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06571, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Emma Knowles
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06571, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Jack W. Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Harald H. H. Göring
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Thomas D. Dyer
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Rene L. Olvera
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06571, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4H 1R2, Canada
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 2120, USA
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Geriatric Institute Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX H3W 1W5, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 2120, USA
| | - Ravi Duggirala
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Peter T. Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Geriatric Institute Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Alan C. Evans
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06571, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
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Sherif T, Rioux P, Rousseau ME, Kassis N, Beck N, Adalat R, Das S, Glatard T, Evans AC. CBRAIN: a web-based, distributed computing platform for collaborative neuroimaging research. Front Neuroinform 2014; 8:54. [PMID: 24904400 PMCID: PMC4033081 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2014.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Canadian Brain Imaging Research Platform (CBRAIN) is a web-based collaborative research platform developed in response to the challenges raised by data-heavy, compute-intensive neuroimaging research. CBRAIN offers transparent access to remote data sources, distributed computing sites, and an array of processing and visualization tools within a controlled, secure environment. Its web interface is accessible through any modern browser and uses graphical interface idioms to reduce the technical expertise required to perform large-scale computational analyses. CBRAIN's flexible meta-scheduling has allowed the incorporation of a wide range of heterogeneous computing sites, currently including nine national research High Performance Computing (HPC) centers in Canada, one in Korea, one in Germany, and several local research servers. CBRAIN leverages remote computing cycles and facilitates resource-interoperability in a transparent manner for the end-user. Compared with typical grid solutions available, our architecture was designed to be easily extendable and deployed on existing remote computing sites with no tool modification, administrative intervention, or special software/hardware configuration. As October 2013, CBRAIN serves over 200 users spread across 53 cities in 17 countries. The platform is built as a generic framework that can accept data and analysis tools from any discipline. However, its current focus is primarily on neuroimaging research and studies of neurological diseases such as Autism, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, Multiple Sclerosis as well as on normal brain structure and development. This technical report presents the CBRAIN Platform, its current deployment and usage and future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Sherif
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Rioux
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Etienne Rousseau
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Kassis
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natacha Beck
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Reza Adalat
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samir Das
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tristan Glatard
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada ; CREATIS, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Lyon Lyon, France
| | - Alan C Evans
- ACElab, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
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Bortone A, Pujadas-Berthault P, Karam N, Maupas E, Boulenc JM, Rioux P, Durrleman N, Ciobotaru V, Marijon E. Catheter ablation in selected patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction and persistent atrial fibrillation unresponsive to current cardioversion. Europace 2013; 15:1574-80. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/eut088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Dohil R, Cabrera BL, Gangoiti J, Rioux P. The Effect of Food on Cysteamine Bitartrate Absorption in Healthy Participants. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2012; 1:170-4. [DOI: 10.1177/2160763x12454423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Marié R, Rioux P, Eustache F, Travère J, Lechevalier B, Baron J. Clues about the functional neuroanatomy of verbal working memory: a study of resting brain glucose metabolism in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurol 2011; 2:83-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.1995.tb00098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
This article describes a novel approach to study the metabolic regulation of the respiratory system in vertebrates that suits physiology lessons for undergraduate students. It consists of an experimental demonstration of the goldfish's (Carassius auratus) adaptations to anoxia. The goldfish is one of the few vertebrates showing strong enzymatic plasticity for the expression of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), which allows it to survive long periods of severe anoxia. Therefore, we propose two simple laboratory exercises in which students are first asked to characterize the distribution of ADH isozymes in the goldfish by performing cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The second part of this laboratory lesson is the determination of liver glycogen. To further student comprehension, an interspecies comparative component is integrated, in which the same subjects are studied in an anoxia-sensitive species, the brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). ADH in goldfish is restricted to skeletal muscles, where it catalyzes alcoholic fermentation, permitting ethanol excretion through the gills and therefore preventing lactate acidosis caused by sustained glycolysis during anoxia. Electrophoresis also reveals the occurrence of a liver isozyme in the brook charr, which ADH catalyzes in the opposite pathway, allowing the usual ethanol degradation. As for the liver glycogen assay, it shows largely superior content in the goldfish liver compared with the brook charr, providing goldfish with a sustained energy supply during anoxia. The results of this laboratory exercise clearly demonstrate several physiological strategies developed by goldfish to cope with such a crucial environmental challenge as oxygen depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Chamberland
- Département de Biologie, de Chimie et de Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada.
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Abstract
The main objective of this class experiment is to measure the activity of two metabolic enzymes in crude extract from bird pectoral muscle and to relate the differences to their mode of locomotion and ecology. The laboratory is adapted to stimulate the interest of wildlife management students to biochemistry. The enzymatic activities of cytochrome c oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase are measured in pectoral muscle of black duck and ring-necked pheasant. The black ducks have a high cytochrome c oxidase/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ratio, which reflects high aerobic capacity required for sustained and long distance flight. The low cytochrome c oxidase/LDH ratio in ring-necked pheasants and high level of LDH activity suggest that this bird can only support short bursts of flight, which may be related to his strategy of predator avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Rioux
- Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, allée des Ursulines, Rimouski Qc Canada G5L 3A1.
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Cabanac AJ, Ouellet JP, Crête M, Rioux P. Urinary metabolites as an index of body condition in wintering white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus. Wildlife Biology 2005. [DOI: 10.2981/0909-6396(2005)11[59:umaaio]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Abstract
Experiments designed for students in reproductive physiology are rare. Here, we describe a simple experiment concerning a physiological aspect of the reproductive system. Milk samples are obtained from cows in estrus, in midcycle, 21 days after insemination, and in gestation. With these samples, the gestation or estrous stage is determined according to the progesterone level in milk that is measured using enzyme immunoassay. This experiment can therefore be used to demonstrate assay techniques and to illustrate the variations in progesterone concentrations during an estrous cycle and gestation. This exercise should be given after the reproduction section of the animal physiology course so that students can apply their knowledge concerning hormonal profiles during an estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Rioux
- Département de Biologie, de Chimie et des Sciences de la Santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1.
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Saba TG, Montpetit A, Verner A, Rioux P, Hudson TJ, Drouin R, Drouin CA. An atypical form of erythrokeratodermia variabilis maps to chromosome 7q22. Hum Genet 2004; 116:167-71. [PMID: 15668823 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-004-1193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2004] [Accepted: 09/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Erythrokeratodermia variabilis 3 (Kamouraska type) or EKV3 is a newly described autosomal recessive disorder observed in patients from the Bas St-Laurent region of Quebec. It has similar skin lesions as observed for EKV, including congenital hyperkeratosis and red patches of variable sizes, shapes, and duration. EKV3 is also characterized by ichthyosis, sensorineural hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy, psychomotor retardation, congenital chronic diarrhea, and an elevation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). To map the disease locus, we performed candidate gene analysis and a genomewide scan to identify a common homozygous region in affected individuals from three non-consanguineous families. Mutations in connexin 31 (GJB3) and connexin 30.3 (GJB4), implicated in previous reports of EKV, and connexin 26 (GJB2), implicated in palmoplantar keratoderma, were unlikely given the lack of shared homozygous haplotypes in the regions surrounding these genes. The most promising region of common homozygosity observed in a 4,600 single-nucleotide polymorphism genome scan was further characterized by using microsatellites. A 6.8-Mb region on chromosome 7 between D7S2539 and rs727708 was found to be homozygous for the same haplotype in all affected individuals but not in the parents or an unaffected sibling. This region contains connexin 31.3 (GJE1), and although no mutation have been observed in the coding region of this gene, further analyses are required in order to exclude it. Identification of the gene responsible for this disorder will provide insights into the etiology of this multisystemic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Saba
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A4, Canada
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32
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Abstract
A simple, noninvasive, and economical home-made respirometer has been used to determine the standard metabolism of goldfish. The apparatus has been tested on several fishes and has proved its accuracy in determining a mass effect on standard metabolism. The apparatus can be made easily by middle school, high school, and undergraduate students and can be used to introduce them to basic concepts in animal physiology and in biological statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bolduc
- Département de Biologie, de Chimie et des Sciences de la Santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec G5L 3A1, Canada
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Orme D, Ree MJ, Rioux P. Premorbid IQ estimates from a multiple aptitude test battery: regression vs. equating. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2001; 16:679-88. [PMID: 14589786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Estimation of premorbid abilities remains an integral part of neuropsychological evaluations. Several methods of indirect estimation have been suggested in the literature. Many of these methods are based in prediction via linear regression. Unfortunately, linear regression has the well-reported tendency to underpredict high IQ scores and overpredict low IQ scores. This can be shown to be an unavoidable statistical artifact of linear regression. We demonstrate a procedure to estimate premorbid IQ without the regression artifact. The procedure has two steps: confirmation of construct equivalence and psychometric equating. An example using real data is presented which shows the regression to the mean problem with prediction and compares it to the results from equating.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Orme
- United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, 2507 Kennedy Circle, Brooks AFB, San Antonio, TX 78235-5117, USA.
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34
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Rioux P. TP-10 (AVANT Immunotherapeutics). Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2001; 2:364-71. [PMID: 11575706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
AVANT Immunotherapeutics is developing TP-10, a recombinant soluble complement receptor type 1 (sCR1), for the potential treatment of reperfusion injury (following surgery, ischemic disease and organ transplantation), organ rejection, acute inflammatory injury to the lungs and autoimmune diseases [348669]. TP-10 has been awarded Orphan Drug status from the FDA for the prevention and reduction of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and as a treatment for infants undergoing cardiac surgery [180849], [359588]. A placebo-controlled phase II trial, conducted at approximately 30 sites in the US and involving approximately 600 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass, was initiated in November 2000. This safety and efficacy study was designed to assess the ability of TP-10 to mitigate the injury to the heart, brain and other organs that occurs when patients are placed on cardiopulmonary bypass circuits, thus potentially improving postoperative outcomes [391437]. In September 2000, the company was planning a double-blind, placebo controlled phase IIb trial in infants undergoing cardiac surgery; AVANT expected to initiated in 30 infants in January 2001 [395086]. The data from this trial will enable the company to further define its clinical endpoints before inititating a pivotal phase III trial in 2001 [382529]. A phase I/II trial of TP-10 involving 15 infants, under 12 months of age, undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart defects was initiated by the company in September 1999. The trial will evaluate the ability of TP-10 to mitigate the injury to the heart and other organs when patients are placed on cardiopulmonary bypass circuits [340602]. Enrollment was complete by January 2000 [352458]. Phase I safety trials of TP-10, including studies in adult patients at risk for adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), adult patients with first-time myocardial infarction (heart attack), and pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery demonstrated that TP-10 is well tolerated. However, after completion, in December 1997, of a phase IIa trial in nine patients with ARDS, AVANT decided to cease development for this indication. TP-10 was licensed to Novartis AG for use in xeno- and allotransplantation in July 1999. Extensive animal studies have shown TP-10 to have potential in a wide variety of complement-mediated conditions, including organ transplantation, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus [238093]. Early work demonstrated favorable results in animal models of reperfusion injury [180849] and hyperacute xenograft rejection in guinea pig to rat and pig to primate organ transplants [191552]. AVANT has received Notices of Allowance (July 1998) from the USPTO for three separate patent applications covering pharmaceutical compositions of TP-10, methods of purification and methods of certain TP-10 glycoforms for treating diseases or disorders resulting from inappropriate complement activation [291776]. In January 1999, the company was awarded US-05856297 which covers pharmaceutical compositions of TP-10. US-05856300 was also awarded covering compositions and methods of producing the drug [312267].
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rioux
- PMB 214, Lexington, MA 02421-7934, USA.
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36
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Chastang F, Leclerc L, Rioux P, Kovess V, Zarifian E. P01.51 Medical follow-up of attempters in the year preceding suicide. Eur Psychiatry 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(00)94458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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37
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Diouf B, Rioux P, Blier PU, Rajotte D. Use of brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) physiological responses to stress as a teaching exercise. Adv Physiol Educ 2000; 23:18-23. [PMID: 10902523 DOI: 10.1152/advances.2000.23.1.s18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fish hematological changes during osmotic and cold stress are used to introduce the physiological reactions of the animal to an acute stress. Brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) were subjected to 1 h of stress before being anesthetized and having blood taken from their caudal vein. Glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and osmolarity were determined in the blood samples. Analyses showed that glucose concentration tends to increase and hematocrit tends to decrease in stressed fish. Changes in hemoglobin concentration occurred only in cold-stressed fish. A rise in blood glucose concentration is the result of cortisol secreted by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The glucose produced is used as an osmolyte or energy source to resist or combat the stress. In stressed fish, changes in hematocrit could be the result of the osmoconcentration of the blood plasma, as shown by the increase in osmolarity for the same group. In cold-stressed fish, a decrease in hemoglobin concentration could be the result of hemodilution by body cell water.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Diouf
- Département de Biologie Chimie et des Sciences, Santé, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Québec, Canada
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38
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Basilion JP, Schievella AR, Burns E, Rioux P, Olson JC, Monia BP, Lemonidis KM, Stanton VP, Housman DE. Selective killing of cancer cells based on loss of heterozygosity and normal variation in the human genome: a new paradigm for anticancer drug therapy. Mol Pharmacol 1999; 56:359-69. [PMID: 10419555 DOI: 10.1124/mol.56.2.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Most drugs for cancer therapy are targeted to relative differences in the biological characteristics of cancer cells and normal cells. The therapeutic index of such drugs is theoretically limited by the magnitude of such differences, and most anticancer drugs have considerable toxicity to normal cells. Here we describe a new approach for developing anticancer drugs. This approach, termed variagenic targeting, exploits the absolute difference in the genotype of normal cells and cancer cells arising from normal gene sequence variation in essential genes and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) occurring during oncogenesis. The technology involves identifying genes that are: 1) essential for cell survival; 2) are expressed as multiple alleles in the normal population because of the presence of one or more nucleotide polymorphisms; and 3) are frequently subject to LOH in several common cancers. An allele-specific drug inhibiting the essential gene remaining in cancer cells would be lethal to the malignant cell and would have minimal toxicity to the normal heterozygous cell that retains the drug-insensitive allele. With antisense oligonucleotides designed to target two alternative alleles of replication protein A, 70-kDa subunit (RPA70) we demonstrate in vitro selective killing of cancer cells that contain only the sensitive allele of the target gene without killing cells expressing the alternative RPA70 allele. Additionally, we identify several other candidate genes for variagenic targeting. This technology represents a new approach for the discovery of agents with high therapeutics indices for treating cancer and other proliferative disorders.
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39
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Rioux P. CAMPATH-1H (Cambridge University). IDrugs 1999; 2:153-67. [PMID: 16160950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CAMPATH-1H, a T-cell-depleting, humanized monoclonal antibody, is under development by LeukoSite and ILEX for the potential treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In August 1998, ILEX completed enrollment of a pivotal clinical trial of CAMPATH-1H in the treatment of CLL. The study has enrolled 94 patients at 20 centers in the US and Europe. It is anticipated that achievement of the target response would result in a biologics license application being filed with the FDA in mid-1999. Preliminary unaudited results reported by one of the clinical sites were positive. Additional potential therapeutic areas include vasculitis and multiple sclerosis. Preliminary studies have also shown the antibody may reverse acute renal transplant rejection episodes and be useful in ex vivo purging of bone marrow to remove potentially malignant cells. The US FDA has granted Fast Track designation to CAMPATH. The product has orphan drug status.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rioux
- Variagenics Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139-1562, USA.
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40
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Abstract
Demographic data, personal and familial characteristics, as well as DSM-III-R-based psychiatric diagnoses were collected in 369 adolescents and young adults aged between 15 and 29 years, referred to an Emergency Department for psychological problems. In total, 60% of them were suicide attempters. Separations before the age of 12 years and depression in the family emerged as the main features distinguishing the suicidal group from the psychiatric control group. Fifty per cent of suicide attempters were repeaters. Fostering during childhood, suicide attempts and depression in the family were found to be risk factors for repeated self-attempts. These results support the view that significant levels of dysfunction, together with increased psychiatric morbidity, especially suicidal behaviour, characterize the families of young self-attempters.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chastang
- Department of Psychiatry, Caen University Hospital, France
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41
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Gray MW, Lang BF, Cedergren R, Golding GB, Lemieux C, Sankoff D, Turmel M, Brossard N, Delage E, Littlejohn TG, Plante I, Rioux P, Saint-Louis D, Zhu Y, Burger G. Genome structure and gene content in protist mitochondrial DNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 1998; 26:865-78. [PMID: 9461442 PMCID: PMC147373 DOI: 10.1093/nar/26.4.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the collection of completely sequenced mitochondrial genomes is expanding rapidly, only recently has a phylogenetically broad representation of mtDNA sequences from protists (mostly unicellular eukaryotes) become available. This review surveys the 23 complete protist mtDNA sequences that have been determined to date, commenting on such aspects as mitochondrial genome structure, gene content, ribosomal RNA, introns, transfer RNAs and the genetic code and phylogenetic implications. We also illustrate the utility of a comparative genomics approach to gene identification by providing evidence that orfB in plant and protist mtDNAs is the homolog of atp8 , the gene in animal and fungal mtDNA that encodes subunit 8 of the F0portion of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Although several protist mtDNAs, like those of animals and most fungi, are seen to be highly derived, others appear to be have retained a number of features of the ancestral, proto-mitochondrial genome. Some of these ancestral features are also shared with plant mtDNA, although the latter have evidently expanded considerably in size, if not in gene content, in the course of evolution. Comparative analysis of protist mtDNAs is providing a new perspective on mtDNA evolution: how the original mitochondrial genome was organized, what genes it contained, and in what ways it must have changed in different eukaryotic phyla.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Gray
- Program in Evolutionary Biology, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Biochemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada.
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42
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Chastang F, Dupont I, Rioux P, Kovess V, Zarifian E. Précarité d’emploi et récidives sulcidaires. Eur Psychiatry 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(99)80527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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43
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Chastang F, Dupont I, Rioux P, Kovess V, Zarifian E. Recidive suicidaire chez les jeunes de moins de 30 ans: Role des facteurs familiaux. Eur Psychiatry 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(99)80526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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44
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Abstract
The taxonomically broad organelle genome database (GOBASE) organizes and integrates diverse data related to organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts). The current version of GOBASE focuses on the mitochondrial subset of data and contains molecular sequences, RNA secondary structures and genetic maps, as well as taxonomic information for all eukaryotic species represented. The database has been designed so that complex biological queries, especially ones posed in a comparative genomics context, are supported. GOBASE has been implemented as a relational database with a web-based user interface (http://megasun.bch.umontreal.ca/gobase/gobas e.html ). Custom software tools have been written in house to assist in the population of the database, data validation, nomenclature standardization and front-end design. The database is fully operational and publicly accessible via the World Wide Web, allowing interactive browsing, sophisticated searching and easy downloading of data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Korab-Laskowska
- Département de Biochimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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45
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Monassier JP, Hamon M, Elias J, Maillard L, Spaulding C, Raynaud P, Cribier A, Barragan P, Juliard JM, Lefevre T, Aubry P, Faugier JP, Masquet C, Rioux P, Bedossa M, Joly P, Petiteau PY, Royer T, Morice MC, Roriz R, Cattan S, Meyer P, Blanchard D, Khalifé K. Early versus late coronary stenting following acute myocardial infarction: results of the STENTIM I Study (French Registry of Stenting in Acute Myocardial Infarction). Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1997; 42:243-8. [PMID: 9367093 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0304(199711)42:3<243::aid-ccd1>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the feasibility and safety of coronary stenting in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In AMI, primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is accepted as the preferred method of reperfusion for patients presenting at highly experienced centres. Until recently, however, stenting has been avoided during AMI because of a potential high risk of thrombosis. This prospective observational study carried out in 20 centres and included 648 consecutive patients who underwent PTCA with stent implantation for AMI. Of these 648 patients, 269 (41.5%, Group 1) were dilated early (< 24 hr) after the onset of the symptoms (75% treated by direct PTCA) and 379 (58.5%, Group 2) were dilated between 24 hr and 14 days after AMI. Combined therapy with ticlopidin and aspirin was used after the procedure. Bailout stenting occurred more often in Group 1 than in Group 2 (17% vs. 9.5%)(P < 0.05). Angiographic successful stenting was similar in both groups of patients (96% vs. 97%). During the hospital follow-up period, stent thrombosis occurred in eight patients (3%) in Group 1 and in six patients (1.6%) in Group 2 (NS). There was 14 deaths (5.2%) in Group 1 and 11 deaths (3.9%) in Group 2 (NS). After multivariate analysis bailout stenting was identified as the sole predictor of stent thrombosis (P < 0.0001). Vascular access-site complications occurred in six patients (1%) with no difference between the two groups. This study indicates that patients who receive a coronary stent in AMI can be managed safely with antiplatelet therapy. Randomized studies are needed to determine the precise indication for coronary stenting as an adjunct to primary PTCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Monassier
- Unité de Pathologie Coronaire et de Cardiologie Interventionnelle, Hôpital Emile Muller, Mulhouse, France
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46
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Alam J, Goelz S, Rioux P, Scaramucci J, Jones W, McAllister A, Campion M, Rogge M. Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two recombinant human interferon beta-1a (IFN beta-1 a) products administered intramuscularly in healthy male and female volunteers. Pharm Res 1997; 14:546-9. [PMID: 9144748 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012128406432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Alam
- Biogen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
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47
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Chastang F, Rioux P, Dupont I, Kovess V, Zarifian E. [Prospective study of attempted suicide]. Encephale 1997; 23:100-4. [PMID: 9264927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study involves a prospective review of all patients who visited the Emergency Psychiatric Service during the period from December, 6, 1993 to June, 5, 1994. A questionnaire was proposed to 1073 subjects (57.2% females; 42.8% males; mean age = 36.6 +/- 0.89). Demographic data, familial and personal characteristics, previous contacts with professional health services, and diagnosis (DSM III-R criteria) were collected. 52% of them were self-attempters, significatively younger (mean age 34.03 +/- 1.14) and more frequently females (61.5%). The parasuicides were more frequent in their families and in their personal past history. The previous contacts with health services (hospitalizations, consultations) were more frequent among patients who were admitted for psychological and/or psychiatric problems. 54% of self-attempters were repeating suicidal patients. There were more depressive disorders, parasuicides and drug/alcohol abuse in their families. A logistic regression analysis (stepwise) revealed the role of these factors in the repetition of parasuicides. This data supports the significance of a better knowledge of the potential significant factors for parasuicide. Preventive measures are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chastang
- Centre Esquirol, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen
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48
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Young AR, Sette G, Touzani O, Rioux P, Derlon JM, MacKenzie ET, Baron JC. Relationships between high oxygen extraction fraction in the acute stage and final infarction in reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion: an investigation in anesthetized baboons with positron emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1996; 16:1176-88. [PMID: 8898690 DOI: 10.1097/00004647-199611000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Studies in humans suggest that regions that show maximal increases in brain oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in the hours following an ischemic episode are those most vulnerable for infarction and are often, although not always, associated with the final site of infarction. To clarify this issue, we followed the hemodynamic and metabolic characteristics of regions with an initially maximally increased OEF and compared them with the ultimately infarcted region in an experimental stroke model. Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to obtain functional images of the brain prior to and following reversible unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in 11 anesthetized baboons. To model early reperfusion, the clips were removed 6 h after occlusion. Successive measurements of regional CBF (rCBF), regional CMRO2 (rCMRO2), regional cerebral blood volume, and regional OEF (rOEF) were performed during the acute (up to 2 days) and chronic (> 15 days) stage. Late magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (co-registered with PET) were obtained to identify infarction. Reversible MCAO produced an MRI-measurable infarction in 6 of 11 baboons; the others had no evidence of ischemic damage. Histological analysis confirmed the results of the MRI investigation but failed to show any evidence of cortical ischemic damage. The lesion was restricted to the head of the caudate nucleus, internal capsule, and putamen. The infarct volume obtained was 0.58 +/- 0.31 cm3. The infarcts were situated in the deep MCA territory, while the area of initially maximally increased OEF was within the cortical mantle. The mean absolute rCBF value in the infarct region of interest (ROI) was not significantly lower than in the highest-OEF ROI until 1-2 days post-MCAO. Cerebral metabolism in the deep MCA territory was always significantly lower than that of the cortical mantle; decreases in CMRO2 in the former region were evident as early as 1 h post-MCAO. In the cortical mantle, the rOEF was initially significantly higher than in the infarct-to-be zone. Subsequently, the OEF declined in both regions. The differences in the time course of changes in CMRO2 and OEF between these two regions, with the eventually infarcted area showing earlier metabolic degradation and in turn decline in OEF, presumably underlie their different final outcomes. In conclusion, following MCAO, the region that shows an early maximal increase in the OEF is both topographically and physiologically distinct from the region with final consolidated infarction if reperfusion is allowed at 6 h. This high OEF, although indicative of a threatened condition, is not an indicator of inescapable consolidated infarction and is thus a situation in which therapy could be envisaged. Whether or not it is at risk of infarction and thus constitutes one target for therapy remains to be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Young
- INSERM U. 320, CNRS URA 1829, Caen, France
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49
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Kiyosawa M, Dauphin F, Kawasaki T, Rioux P, Tokoro T, MacKenzie ET, Baron JC. Unilateral eyeball enucleation differentially alters AMPA-, NMDA- and kainate glutamate receptor binding in the newborn rat brain. Neurosci Res 1996; 26:215-24. [PMID: 9121732 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-0102(96)01103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the neurochemical effects of early unilateral visual deprivation as a model of impaired visual maturation. For this purpose, binding to the different ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes was quantified in vision-related and vision-unrelated brain structures of control and unilaterally deprived newborn rats. At post-natal (PN) day 10, male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent either unilateral eyeball enucleation (enucleation group, n = 12) or sham operation (control group, n = 12). In each group, brains were obtained either at post-natal day 20 (n = 6) or post-natal day 30 (n = 6) and processed for quantitative in vitro autoradiography selective for NMDA, kainate, and AMPA glutamate-binding sites, as well as for the presynaptic adenosine A1 receptor as a control of the deafferentation efficacy. In control animals, quantitative autoradiography revealed an increase in NMDA (e.g. +45% in superior colliculus) and kainate receptor binding (e.g. +55% in visual cortex, layer IV) from post-natal day 20 to post-natal day 30, associated with stable levels of AMPA receptor binding, in the vision-related structures. In the deafferented visual structures, monocular enucleation induced a marked decrease in A1 site density (e.g. -38 to -52%, in the superficial layer of superior colliculi, at PN day 20 and PN day 30, respectively) in parallel with a mild increase in both NMDA (e.g. +8 to 9%, in superior colliculi and visual cortex, layer IV at PN day 30, respectively) and AMPA (e.g. +16%, in layer IV of the visual cortex at PN day 30). Superimposed on marked bilateral decreases at PN day 30 in the enucleated rats, kainate receptor binding also revealed a slight but significant decrease (-5%) in the deafferented superior colliculus as compared to the non-deafferented side. The present findings (different time-courses of, and differential effects of deafferentation on, the NMDA, kainate and AMPA glutamate receptor subtypes throughout the visual brain structures) further support the involvement of these receptors in distinctive roles during maturation of the visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kiyosawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan.
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50
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Karrillon GJ, Morice MC, Benveniste E, Bunouf P, Aubry P, Cattan S, Chevalier B, Commeau P, Cribier A, Eiferman C, Grollier G, Guerin Y, Henry M, Lefevre T, Livarek B, Louvard Y, Marco J, Makowski S, Monassier JP, Pernes JM, Rioux P, Spaulding C, Zemour G. Intracoronary stent implantation without ultrasound guidance and with replacement of conventional anticoagulation by antiplatelet therapy. 30-day clinical outcome of the French Multicenter Registry. Circulation 1996; 94:1519-27. [PMID: 8840839 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.94.7.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stenting reduces both acute complications of coronary angioplasty and restenosis rates but increases subacute thrombosis rates and hemorrhagic complications when used with coumadin anticoagulation. METHODS AND RESULTS To simplify postcoronary stenting treatment and to reduce these drawbacks, we evaluated the 1-month outcome of a prospective registry of 2900 patients in whom successful coronary artery stenting was performed without coumadin anticoagulation. Patients received 100 mg/d aspirin and 250 mg/d ticlopidine for 1 month. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment was progressively reduced in four consecutive stages, from 1-month treatment to none. Event-free outcome at 1 month was achieved in 2816 patients (97.1%). Major stent-related cardiac events were subacute closure in 51 patients (1.8%), including death in 12 (0.5%), acute myocardial infarction in 17 (0.6%), and coronary artery bypass graft surgery in 9 (0.3%). Stent thrombosis was more frequent with balloon size of < 3.0 mm (< or = 2.5 mm, 10%; 3.0 mm, 2.3%; > or = 3.5 mm, 1.0%; P < .001), bail-out situations (6.67% versus 1.38%, P < .001), and patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction (2.2% versus 1.12%, P = .02). Bleeding complications that required transfusion, surgical repair, or both occurred in 55 patients (1.9%). Bleeding complications were related to female gender (4.0% versus 1.51%, P < .001), duration of LMWH treatment (3.83% in phase II/III versus 0.69% in phase IV/V, P < .001), sheath size (6F, 0.52%; 7F, 1.04%; > or = 8F, 4.23%; P < .001), bail-out situations (4.76% versus 1.67%, P < .01), and saphenous graft stenting (4.38% versus 1.75%, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that poststenting treatment by ticlopidine/aspirin is an effective alternative to coumadin anticoagulation, achieving low rates of subacute closure and bleeding complications. LMWH treatment does not improve subacute reocclusion rates but increases bleeding complications. Furthermore, as bleeding complications were independently related to sheath size, we suggest that stenting with 6F guiding catheters may prevent local complications. Furthermore, the ticlopidine/aspirin combination allows a low-cost stenting strategy without ultrasound assessment of stent deployment and permits short inhospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Karrillon
- Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris-Sud, Clinique du Bois de Verrières, Antony, France
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