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Anttonen J, Remes T, Arikoski P, Lähteenmäki P, Arola M, Harila-Saari A, Lönnqvist T, Pokka T, Riikonen P, Sirkiä K, Rantala H, Ojaniemi M. Correction: Pre- and postdiagnosis growth failure, adult short stature, and untreated growth hormone deficiency in radiotherapy-treated long-term survivors of childhood brain tumor. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294792. [PMID: 37976244 PMCID: PMC10655986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274274.].
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2
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Elfving A, Harila-Saari A, Nilsson L, Berntson L. An explorative study on proteomic analyses related to inflammation and pain in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:365. [PMID: 37454049 PMCID: PMC10349407 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was attempting to find proteins involved in the pain process and correlating with pain but not degree of inflammation in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), using a proteomics panel. METHODS A total of 87 plasma samples were collected from 51 children with JIA (51 at diagnosis in a higher disease activity state, 18 at follow-up in a lower disease activity state) and 18 healthy controls. Relative levels of 92 proteins related to a wide range of biological processes in inflammation were obtained using a proximity extension assay panel. Comparisons between children with and without JIA, in different disease categories, by juvenile disease activity score (JADAS27) and degree of pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS), were performed using parametric and non-parametric statistical methods. RESULTS Nineteen proteins involved in arthritic inflammation, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and S100 protein A12, were higher in patients with JIA than controls, seven decreased significantly during treatment, and 18 correlated significantly with JADAS27. Three proteins correlated with pain VAS scores in unadjusted analyses: the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), transforming growth factor beta, and IL-18R1. Levels of GDNF correlated significantly with pain VAS scores but not with JADAS27. CONCLUSIONS Plasma levels of 18 of 92 tested proteins correlated with degree of disease activity. Levels of three proteins correlated with pain, and levels of one, GDNF, originating from neural cells, correlated with pain without correlating with inflammatory degree, suggesting that it may play a role in pain in JIA. Further studies in larger cohorts are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Elfving
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ludwig Nilsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Berntson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden.
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3
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Norén-Nyström U, Andersen MK, Barbany G, Dirse V, Eilert-Olsen M, Engvall M, Harila-Saari A, Heyman M, Hovland R, Häikiö S, Jónsson JJ, Karhu R, Kjeldsen E, Norberg A, Preiss BS, Pulkkinen K, Quist-Paulsen P, Räsänen H, Schmiegelow K, Seitsonen A, Sjögren H, Tammur P, Johansson B. Genetic Subtypes and Outcome of Patients Aged 1 to 45 Years Old With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the NOPHO ALL2008 Trial. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e883. [PMID: 37153872 PMCID: PMC10162784 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mette K. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gisela Barbany
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vaidas Dirse
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Lithuania
| | - Martine Eilert-Olsen
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Marie Engvall
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Randi Hovland
- Department for Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Satu Häikiö
- Department of Genomics, Laboratory Division, Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jón J. Jónsson
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Landspitali, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ritva Karhu
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eigil Kjeldsen
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Cytogenetics Section, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Anna Norberg
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Medical and Clinical Genetics, Umeå University, Sweden
| | | | - Kati Pulkkinen
- Laboratory of Genetics, Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petter Quist-Paulsen
- Department of Hematology, St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Seitsonen
- HUSLAB Laboratory of Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Helene Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pille Tammur
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Estonia
| | - Bertil Johansson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology, and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
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4
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Anttonen J, Remes T, Arikoski P, Lähteenmäki P, Arola M, Harila-Saari A, Lönnqvist T, Pokka T, Riikonen P, Sirkiä K, Rantala H, Ojaniemi M. Pre- and postdiagnosis growth failure, adult short stature, and untreated growth hormone deficiency in radiotherapy-treated long-term survivors of childhood brain tumor. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274274. [PMID: 36067205 PMCID: PMC9447887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth failure is common in radiotherapy-treated long-term survivors of pediatric brain tumors, but studies on longitudinal growth in this patient group are lacking. Here, the aim was to assess the changes in growth patterns before and after brain tumor diagnosis, the adult height, and the risk factors for compromised growth. The incidence and treatment practices of growth hormone deficiency were analyzed. METHODS A cohort of 73 survivors of childhood brain tumor (median age 27.2 years, range 16.2 to 43.8 years) was studied after a median follow-up period of 20.4 years from diagnosis (IQR 14.9 to 22.9 years). Patients were treated in five university hospitals in Finland between 1970 and 2008. Growth curves, final height, and patient- and disease-related risk factors for compromised growth during different growth periods were analyzed. Laboratory analyses for IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were performed at the follow-up. RESULTS Growth failure was evident at diagnosis, with a mean height decline of -0.6 SDS (standard deviation score) from birth (95% CI -1.15 to -0.05). Mean height SDS decline after the diagnosis was -1.09 SDS (95%CI -1.51 to -0.66). At follow-up, 37% of the study subjects (27/73) had true short stature (height < -2 SDS). The mean height deficit corrected for target height was -1.9 SDS (95% CI -1.45 to -2.40). Growth failure was associated with the age at diagnosis, corticosteroid dose, radiotherapy modality and mean dose of irradiation in the thalamic area. Low IGF-1 level (below -2.0 SDS) was found in 32% (23/72), and untreated growth hormone deficiency in 40% (29/72) of the subjects. CONCLUSION Longitudinal growth impairment was common in radiotherapy-treated survivors of childhood brain tumor, resulting in compromised adult height. Loss of growth potential was evident already at diagnosis and further accelerated by the treatments. At young adulthood, unrecognized growth hormone deficiency was common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Anttonen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Remes
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Arikoski
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Päivi Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Arola
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tuula Lönnqvist
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tytti Pokka
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pekka Riikonen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsti Sirkiä
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Rantala
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, University and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Jackmann N, Englund S, Frisk P, Mäkitie O, Utriainen P, Mörtberg A, Henriques-Normark B, Pütsep K, Harila-Saari A. The human cathelicidin hCAP-18 in serum of children with haemato-oncological diseases. Br J Haematol 2022; 198:1023-1031. [PMID: 35849644 PMCID: PMC9543647 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The human cathelicidin hCAP‐18 (pro‐LL‐37) is the pro‐protein of the antimicrobial peptide LL‐37. hCAP‐18 can be produced by many different cell types; bone marrow neutrophil precursors are the main source of hCAP‐18 in the circulation. Neutrophil count is used as a marker for myelopoiesis but does not always reflect neutrophil production in the bone marrow, and thus additional markers are needed. In this study, we established the reference interval of serum hCAP‐18 level in healthy children and compared serum hCAP‐18 levels between different diagnostic groups of children with haemato‐oncological diseases, at diagnosis. We found that children with diseases that impair myelopoiesis, such as acute leukaemia, aplastic anaemia, or myelodysplastic syndrome, presented with low hCAP‐18 levels, whereas patients with non‐haematological malignancies displayed serum hCAP‐18 levels in the same range as healthy children. Children with chronic myeloid leukaemia presented with high circulating levels of hCAP‐18, probably reflecting the high number of all differentiation stages of myeloid cells. We suggest that analysis of serum hCAP‐18 provides additional information regarding myelopoiesis in children with haemato‐oncological diseases, which may have future implications in assessment of myelopoiesis in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalja Jackmann
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sofia Englund
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Frisk
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Utriainen
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anette Mörtberg
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Henriques-Normark
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrin Pütsep
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Arthur C, Rezayee F, Mogensen N, Saft L, Rosenquist R, Nordenskjöld M, Harila-Saari A, Tham E, Barbany G. Patient-Specific Assays Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing Data to Measure Residual Disease in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Proof of Concept Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899325. [PMID: 35865473 PMCID: PMC9296121 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk-adapted treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) relies on genetic information and measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring. In this proof of concept study, DNA from diagnostic bone marrow (BM) of six children with ALL, without stratifying genetics or central nervous system (CNS) involvement, underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to identify structural variants (SVs) in the leukemic blasts. Unique sequences generated by SVs were targeted with patient-specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays. Genomic DNA (gDNA) from BM and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were analyzed longitudinally. WGS with 30× coverage enabled target identification in all cases. Limit of quantifiability (LoQ) and limit of detection (LoD) for the ddPCR assays (n = 15) were up to 10-5 and 10-6, respectively. All targets were readily detectable in a multiplexed ddPCR with minimal DNA input (1 ng of gDNA) at a 10-1 dilution, and targets for half of the patients were also detectable at a 10-2 dilution. The level of MRD in BM at end of induction and end of consolidation block 1 was in a comparable range between ddPCR and clinical routine methods for samples with detectable residual disease, although our approach consistently detected higher MRD values for patients with B-cell precursor ALL. Additionally, several samples with undetectable MRD by flow cytometry were MRD-positive by ddPCR. In plasma, the level of leukemic targets decreased in cfDNA over time following the MRD level detected in BM. cfDNA was successfully extracted from all diagnostic CSF samples (n = 6), and leukemic targets were detected in half of these. The results suggest that our approach to design molecular assays, together with ddPCR quantification, is a technically feasible option for accurate MRD quantification and that cfDNA may contribute valuable information regarding MRD and low-grade CNS involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Arthur
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,*Correspondence: Cecilia Arthur,
| | - Fatemah Rezayee
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Mogensen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonie Saft
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nordenskjöld
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Tham
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gisela Barbany
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Anastasopoulou S, Harila-Saari A, Als-Nielsen B, Eriksson MA, Heyman M, Johannsdottir IM, Marquart HV, Niinimäki R, Pronk CJ, Schmiegelow K, Vaitkeviciene G, Thastrup M, Ranta S. Does minimal central nervous system involvement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia increase the risk for central nervous system toxicity? Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29745. [PMID: 35488712 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) implicates enhanced intrathecal chemotherapy, which is related to CNS toxicity. Whether CNS involvement alone contributes to CNS toxicity remains unclear. We studied the occurrence of all CNS toxicities, seizures, and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in children with ALL without enhanced intrathecal chemotherapy with CNS involvement (n = 64) or without CNS involvement (n = 256) by flow cytometry. CNS involvement increased the risk for all CNS toxicities, seizures, and PRES in univariate analysis and, after adjusting for induction therapy, for seizures (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26-8.82; p = 0.016) and PRES (HR = 4.85; 95% CI: 1.71-13.75; p = 0.003).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Anastasopoulou
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bodil Als-Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mats Anders Eriksson
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Neuropediatric Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Children's Hospital, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Maria Thastrup
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Helenius M, Vaitkeviciene G, Abrahamsson J, Jonsson ÓG, Lund B, Harila-Saari A, Vettenranta K, Mikkel S, Stanulla M, Lopez-Lopez E, Waanders E, Madsen HO, Marquart HV, Modvig S, Gupta R, Schmiegelow K, Nielsen RL. Characteristics of white blood cell count in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A COST LEGEND phenotype-genotype study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29582. [PMID: 35316565 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White blood cell count (WBC) as a measure of extramedullary leukemic cell survival is a well-known prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its biology, including impact of host genome variants, is poorly understood. METHODS We included patients treated with the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL-2008 protocol (N = 2347, 72% were genotyped by Illumina Omni2.5exome-8-Bead chip) aged 1-45 years, diagnosed with B-cell precursor (BCP-) or T-cell ALL (T-ALL) to investigate the variation in WBC. Spline functions of WBC were fitted correcting for association with age across ALL subgroups of immunophenotypes and karyotypes. The residuals between spline WBC and actual WBC were used to identify WBC-associated germline genetic variants in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) while adjusting for age and ALL subtype associations. RESULTS We observed an overall inverse correlation between age and WBC, which was stronger for the selected patient subgroups of immunophenotype and karyotypes (ρBCP-ALL = -.17, ρT-ALL = -.19; p < 3 × 10-4 ). Spline functions fitted to age, immunophenotype, and karyotype explained WBC variation better than age alone (ρ = .43, p << 2 × 10-6 ). However, when the spline-adjusted WBC residuals were used as phenotype, no GWAS significant associations were found. Based on available annotation, the top 50 genetic variants suggested effects on signal transduction, translation initiation, cell development, and proliferation. CONCLUSION These results indicate that host genome variants do not strongly influence WBC across ALL subsets, and future studies of why some patients are more prone to hyperleukocytosis should be performed within specific ALL subsets that apply more complex analyses to capture potential germline variant interactions and impact on WBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Helenius
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos Center for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Paediatrics, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Bendik Lund
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kim Vettenranta
- University of Helsinki and Children´s Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirje Mikkel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin Stanulla
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elixabet Lopez-Lopez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Pediatric Oncology Group, BioCruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Esmé Waanders
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans O Madsen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Modvig
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ramneek Gupta
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Linnemann Nielsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
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9
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Bang B, Eisfeldt J, Barbany G, Harila-Saari A, Heyman M, Zachariadis V, Taylan F, Nordgren A. A somatic UBA2 variant preceded ETV6-RUNX1 in the concordant BCP-ALL of monozygotic twins. Blood Adv 2022; 6:2275-2289. [PMID: 34982829 PMCID: PMC9006272 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic analysis of leukemic clones in monozygotic twins with concordant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has proved a unique opportunity to gain insight into the molecular phylogenetics of leukemogenesis. Using whole-genome sequencing, we characterized constitutional and somatic single nucleotide variants/insertion-deletions (indels) and structural variants in a monozygotic twin pair with concordant ETV6-RUNX1+ B-cell precursor ALL (BCP-ALL). In addition, digital PCR (dPCR) was applied to evaluate the presence of and quantify selected somatic variants at birth, diagnosis, and remission. A shared somatic complex rearrangement involving chromosomes 11, 12, and 21 with identical fusion sequences in leukemias of both twins offered direct proof of a common clonal origin. The ETV6-RUNX1 fusion detected at diagnosis was found to originate from this complex rearrangement. A shared somatic frameshift deletion in UBA2 was also identified in diagnostic samples. In addition, each leukemia independently acquired analogous deletions of 3 genes recurrently targeted in BCP-ALLs (ETV6, ATF7IP, and RAG1/RAG2), providing evidence of a convergent clonal evolution only explained by a strong concurrent selective pressure. Quantification of the UBA2 deletion by dPCR surprisingly indicated it persisted in remission. This, for the first time to our knowledge, provided evidence of a UBA2 variant preceding the well-established initiating event ETV6-RUNX1. Further, we suggest the UBA2 deletion exerted a leukemia predisposing effect and that its essential role in Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) attachment (SUMOylation), regulating nearly all physiological and pathological cellular processes such as DNA-repair by nonhomologous end joining, may hold a mechanistic explanation for the predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Bang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Eisfeldt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gisela Barbany
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; and
| | - Vasilios Zachariadis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centre Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Anastasopoulou S, Nielsen RL, Als-Nielsen B, Banerjee J, Eriksson MA, Helenius M, Heyman MM, Johannsdottir IM, Jonsson OG, MacGregor S, Mateos MK, Mayoh C, Mikkel S, Myrberg IH, Niinimäki R, Schmiegelow K, Taskinen M, Vaitkeviciene G, Warnqvist A, Wolthers B, Harila-Saari A, Ranta S. Acute central nervous system toxicity during treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: phenotypes, risk factors and genotypes. Haematologica 2022; 107:2318-2328. [PMID: 35354251 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) toxicity is common at diagnosis and during treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We studied CNS toxicity in 1 464 children aged 1.0-17.9 years, diagnosed with ALL and treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL2008 protocol. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and a candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; n=19) study were performed in 1 166 patients. Findings were validated in an Australian independent cohort of children with ALL (n=797) where two phenotypes were evaluated: diverse CNS toxicities (n=103) and methotrexate-related CNS toxicity (n=48). In total, 135/1 464 (9.2%) patients experienced CNS toxicity with cumulative incidence of 8.7% (95% CI: 7.31-10.20) at 12 months from diagnosis. Patients aged ≥10 years had higher risk of CNS toxicity than younger patients (16.3% vs 7.4%; p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Anastasopoulou
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm.
| | - Rikke Linnemann Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Present address: Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ
| | - Bodil Als-Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen
| | - Joanna Banerjee
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki
| | - Mats A Eriksson
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Neuropediatric Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Marianne Helenius
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby
| | - Mats M Heyman
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | | | | | | | - Marion K Mateos
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital Randwick, Sydney, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW MEDICINE and HEALTH, UNSW Sydney; Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW MEDICINE and HEALTH, UNSW Sydney; Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney
| | - Sirje Mikkel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu
| | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen
| | - Mervi Taskinen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Children's Hospital, affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos and Vilnius University, Vilnius
| | - Anna Warnqvist
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Benjamin Wolthers
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
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11
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Byrne J, Schmidtmann I, Rashid H, Hagberg O, Bagnasco F, Bardi E, De Vathaire F, Essiaf S, Winther JF, Frey E, Gudmundsdottir T, Haupt R, Hawkins MM, Jakab Z, Jankovic M, Kaatsch P, Kremer LCM, Kuehni CE, Harila-Saari A, Levitt G, Reulen R, Ronckers CM, Maule M, Skinner R, Steliarova-Foucher E, Terenziani M, Zaletel LZ, Hjorth L, Garwicz S, Grabow D. Impact of era of diagnosis on cause-specific late mortality among 77 423 five-year European survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: The PanCareSurFup consortium. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:406-419. [PMID: 34551126 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Late mortality of European 5-year survivors of childhood or adolescent cancer has dropped over the last 60 years, but excess mortality persists. There is little information concerning secular trends in cause-specific mortality among older European survivors. PanCareSurFup pooled data from 12 cancer registries and clinics in 11 European countries from 77 423 five-year survivors of cancer diagnosed before age 21 between 1940 and 2008 followed for an average age of 21 years and a total of 1.27 million person-years to determine their risk of death using cumulative mortality, standardized mortality ratios (SMR), absolute excess risks (AER), and multivariable proportional hazards regression analyses. At the end of follow-up 9166 survivors (11.8%) had died compared to 927 expected (SMR 9.89, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.69-10.09), AER 6.47 per 1000 person-years, (95% CI 6.32-6.62). At 60 to 68 years of attained age all-cause mortality was still higher than expected (SMR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.90-3.02). Overall cumulative mortality at 25 years from diagnosis dropped from 18.4% (95% CI 16.5-20.4) to 7.3% (95% CI 6.7-8.0) over the observation period. Compared to the diagnosis period 1960 to 1969, the mortality hazard ratio declined for first neoplasms (P for trend <.0001) and for infections (P < .0001); declines in relative mortality from second neoplasms and cardiovascular causes were less pronounced (P = .1105 and P = .0829, respectively). PanCareSurFup is the largest study with the longest follow-up of late mortality among European childhood and adolescent cancer 5-year survivors, and documents significant mortality declines among European survivors into modern eras. However, continuing excess mortality highlights survivors' long-term care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Humayra Rashid
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Francesca Bagnasco
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, and DOPO Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edit Bardi
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Linz, Austria
| | - Florent De Vathaire
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud Orsay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Research, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Samira Essiaf
- SIOPE, c/o BLSI, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeanette Falck Winther
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eva Frey
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thorgerdur Gudmundsdottir
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Children's Hospital, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Riccardo Haupt
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, and DOPO Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael M Hawkins
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zsuzsanna Jakab
- Hungarian Childhood Cancer Registry, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Momcilo Jankovic
- Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Foundation MBBM, Milan, Italy
- Italian Off-Therapy Register (OTR), Monza, Italy
| | - Peter Kaatsch
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR), Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Leontien C M Kremer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital/Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Paediatric Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gill Levitt
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, UK
| | - Raoul Reulen
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cécile M Ronckers
- Princess Maxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Brandenburg Medical School, Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Milena Maule
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO-Piemonte), Torino, Italy
| | - Roderick Skinner
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology and Oncology, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eva Steliarova-Foucher
- Section of Cancer Surveillance, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Monica Terenziani
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lars Hjorth
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Pediatrics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stanislaw Garwicz
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Pediatrics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Desiree Grabow
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR), Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Ljungman L, Remes T, Westin E, Huittinen A, Lönnqvist T, Sirkiä K, Rantala H, Ojaniemi M, Harila M, Lähteenmäki P, Arikoski P, Wikman A, Harila-Saari A. Health-related quality of life in long-term survivors of childhood brain tumors: a population-based cohort study. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:5157-5166. [PMID: 35243538 PMCID: PMC9046139 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-06905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Survivors of childhood brain tumors (BT) are at high risk for long-term physical and psychological sequelae. Still, knowledge about health-related quality of life (HRQL) and associated factors in this population is sparse. This study investigated HRQL and its predictors in long-term survivors of childhood BT. METHODS Survivors of childhood BT (mean age = 28.1 years, SD = 6.8, n = 60) underwent clinical examination and neurocognitive examination, and completed self-rating questionnaires assessing HRQL (RAND-36) and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II). Socio-demographic information was gathered via a questionnaire. Tumor- and treatment-related information was collected from medical records. Control group data were collected from age-matched controls (n = 146) without a history of cancer, randomly selected from the local population registry. Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate predictors of HRQL; separate models were fitted for each domain of the RAND-36. RESULTS Male survivors (mean age = 27.0, SD = 6.0, n = 39) reported significantly lower HRQL than male controls in the domains of physical functioning, general health, vitality, social functioning, and role limitations-emotional. Female survivors (mean age = 30.2 years, SD = 7.6, n = 21) reported comparable levels as female controls in all domains except physical functioning. A higher burden of late effects, not working/studying, being diagnosed with BT during adolescence, and reporting current depressive symptoms were significant predictors of lower HRQL. CONCLUSION Our results highlight that male survivors of childhood BT are at particular risk of impaired HRQL. Also, results point to the close relation between symptoms of depression and impaired HRQL in survivors of childhood BT which should be acknowledged by long-term follow-up care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ljungman
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tiina Remes
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,Department of Child Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabeth Westin
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alina Huittinen
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tuula Lönnqvist
- Department of Child Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsti Sirkiä
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Rantala
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marika Harila
- Department of Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Arikoski
- Pediatric Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Wikman
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Ranta S, Broman LM, Abrahamsson J, Berner J, Fläring U, Hed Myrberg I, Kalzén H, Karlsson L, Mellgren K, Nilsson A, Norén-Nyström U, Palle J, von Schewelov K, Svahn JE, Törnudd L, Heyman M, Harila-Saari A. ICU Admission in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Sweden: Prevalence, Outcome, and Risk Factors. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2021; 22:1050-1060. [PMID: 34074998 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite progress in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, severe complications are common, and the need of supportive care is high. We explored the cumulative prevalence, clinical risk factors, and outcomes of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, on first-line leukemia treatment in the ICUs in Sweden. DESIGN A nationwide prospective register and retrospective chart review study. SETTING Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were identified, and demographic and clinical data were obtained from the Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry. Data on intensive care were collected from the Swedish Intensive Care Registry. Data on patients with registered ICU admission in the Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry were supplemented through questionnaires to the pediatric oncology centers. PATIENTS All 637 children 0-17.9 years old with acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed between June 2008 and December 2016 in Sweden were included. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Twenty-eight percent of the children (178/637) were admitted to an ICU at least once. The Swedish Intensive Care Registry data were available for 96% of admissions (241/252). An ICU admission was associated with poor overall survival (hazard ratio, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.97-5.36; p ≤ 0.0001). ICU admissions occurred often during early treatment; 48% (85/178) were admitted to the ICU before the end of the first month of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment (induction therapy). Children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or CNS leukemia had a higher risk of being admitted to the ICU in multivariable analyses, both for early admissions before the end of induction therapy and for all admissions during the study period. CONCLUSIONS The need for intensive care in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, especially for children with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and CNS leukemia, is high with most admissions occurring during early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Ranta
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Mikael Broman
- ECMO Centre Karolinska, Department of Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Berner
- ECMO Centre Karolinska, Department of Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Urban Fläring
- ECMO Centre Karolinska, Department of Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Kalzén
- Department of Anesthesia, Södertälje Hospital, Södertälje, Sweden
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet at Danderyd Hospital (KIDS), Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Lene Karlsson
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- ECMO Centre Karolinska, Department of Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Anesthesia, Södertälje Hospital, Södertälje, Sweden
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet at Danderyd Hospital (KIDS), Danderyd, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Mellgren
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Josefine Palle
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina von Schewelov
- ECMO Centre Karolinska, Department of Pediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan E Svahn
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lisa Törnudd
- Department of Pediatrics, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University and Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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14
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Egnell C, Heyman M, Jónsson ÓG, Raja RA, Niinimäki R, Albertsen BK, Schmiegelow K, Stabell N, Vaitkeviciene G, Lepik K, Harila-Saari A, Ranta S. Obesity as a predictor of treatment-related toxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:1239-1247. [PMID: 34726257 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with poor outcomes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We explored whether severe treatment-related toxicity and treatment delays could explain this observation. This study included 1 443 children aged 2·0-17·9 years with ALL treated with the Nordic Society of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 non-high-risk protocol. Prospective treatment-related toxicities registered every three-month interval were used. Patients were classified according to sex- and age-adjusted international childhood cut-off values, corresponding to adult body mass index: underweight, <17 kg/m2 ; healthy weight, 17 to <25 kg/m2 ; overweight, 25 to <30 kg/m2 ; and obese, ≥30 kg/m2 . Obese children had a higher incidence rate ratio (IRR) for severe toxic events {IRR: 1·55 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·07-2·50]}, liver and kidney failures, bleeding, abdominal complication, suspected unexpected severe adverse reactions and hyperlipidaemia compared with healthy-weight children. Obese children aged ≥10 years had increased IRRs for asparaginase-related toxicities compared with healthy-weight older children: thromboses [IRR 2·87 (95% CI 1·00-8·21)] and anaphylactic reactions [IRR 7·95 (95% CI 2·15-29·37)] as well as higher risk for truncation of asparaginase [IRR 3·54 (95% CI 1·67-7·50)]. The high prevalence of toxicity and a higher risk of truncation of asparaginase may play a role in the poor prognosis of obese children aged ≥10 years with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Egnell
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Raheel A Raja
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Birgitte Klug Albertsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Stabell
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Children's Hospital, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristi Lepik
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Children's hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Sandart A, Harila-Saari A, Arnell H, Fischler B, Vakkila J. Pattern and Prevalence of Liver Involvement in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic and Myeloid Leukemia at Diagnosis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2021; 73:630-635. [PMID: 34292217 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence and significance of liver involvement at diagnosis was studied in pediatric acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS A population based cohort of 122 pre B-ALL, 22 T-ALL and 45 AML patients was formed from the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology leukemia registries (years 2005-2017). Hepatomegaly, elevated alanine aminotransferase, high INR, hypoalbuminemia and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia at diagnosis were used as markers for liver involvement. Minimal residual disease (MRD), time to relapse and overall survival (OS) were correlated with liver involvements. RESULTS The pattern of liver involvement was significantly different between leukemia subtypes (P = 0.025). The proportion of patients without liver abnormalities was 50.0% in AML and 44.8% in pre B-ALL and 23.5% in T-ALL patients. Hepatomegaly characterized lymphatic leukemia being present in 41.8% and 58.8% of pre B- and T-ALL patients. Liver dysfunction was most common in AML (29.5%) and least frequent in pre B-ALL (7.4%,) (P = 0.001). Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia was present in less than 5% of patients. Hepatomegaly correlated positively with age in pre B-ALL (P = 0.036) and white blood cell count (WBC) in AML (P = 0.010). Hepatic dysfunction was related with high WBC in pre B-ALL (P = 0.037) and AML (P = 0.001). Liver involvement in patients with ALL was not associated with toxicity or outcome. Patients with AML without liver involvement demonstrated superior OS. CONCLUSIONS Liver involvement is frequent at diagnosis in pediatric leukemia and its prevalence is related with leukemia subtype, age and WBC. In AML, but not in ALL, it associates with suboptimal prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Sandart
- Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala
| | - Henrik Arnell
- Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Björn Fischler
- Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital and CLINTEC Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Jukka Vakkila
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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16
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van Atteveld JE, Mulder RL, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Hudson MM, Kremer LCM, Skinner R, Wallace WH, Constine LS, Higham CE, Kaste SC, Niinimäki R, Mostoufi-Moab S, Alos N, Fintini D, Templeton KJ, Ward LM, Frey E, Franceschi R, Pavasovic V, Karol SE, Amin NL, Vrooman LM, Harila-Saari A, Demoor-Goldschmidt C, Murray RD, Bardi E, Lequin MH, Faienza MF, Zaikova O, Berger C, Mora S, Ness KK, Neggers SJCMM, Pluijm SMF, Simmons JH, Di Iorgi N. Bone mineral density surveillance for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: evidence-based recommendations from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:622-637. [PMID: 34339631 PMCID: PMC8744935 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors are at increased risk of reduced bone mineral density. Clinical practice surveillance guidelines are important for timely diagnosis and treatment of these survivors, which could improve bone mineral density parameters and prevent fragility fractures. Discordances across current late effects guidelines necessitated international harmonisation of recommendations for bone mineral density surveillance. The International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group therefore established a panel of 36 experts from ten countries, representing a range of relevant medical specialties. The evidence of risk factors for very low and low bone mineral density and fractures, surveillance modality, timing of bone mineral density surveillance, and treatment of very low and low bone mineral density were evaluated and critically appraised, and harmonised recommendations for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors were formulated. We graded the recommendations based on the quality of evidence and balance between potential benefits and harms. Bone mineral density surveillance is recommended for survivors treated with cranial or craniospinal radiotherapy and is reasonable for survivors treated with total body irradiation. Due to insufficient evidence, no recommendation can be formulated for or against bone mineral density surveillance for survivors treated with corticosteroids. This surveillance decision should be made by the survivor and health-care provider together, after careful consideration of the potential harms and benefits and additional risk factors. We recommend to carry out bone mineral density surveillance using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at entry into long-term follow-up, and if normal (Z-score > -1), repeat when the survivor is aged 25 years. Between these measurements and thereafter, surveillance should be done as clinically indicated. These recommendations facilitate evidence-based care for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renée L Mulder
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Roderick Skinner
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Haematology/Oncology, Great North Children's Hospital and Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - W Hamish Wallace
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Louis S Constine
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Claire E Higham
- Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sue C Kaste
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sogol Mostoufi-Moab
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathalie Alos
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danilo Fintini
- Endocrinology Unit, University-Hospital Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCSS, Rome, Italy
| | - Kimberly J Templeton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Leanne M Ward
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Eva Frey
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Vesna Pavasovic
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Seth E Karol
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nadia L Amin
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Lynda M Vrooman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Demoor-Goldschmidt
- INSERM U1018, Paris-Sud XI University, Paris-Saclay University, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Cancer & Radiations Group, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France; Department of Pediatric Onco-hematology, CHU Angers, Angers, France; Department of Radiotherapy, François Baclesse Center, Caen, France
| | - Robert D Murray
- Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Edit Bardi
- St Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Kepler Universitätsklinikum, Linz, Austria
| | - Maarten H Lequin
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pediatric Unit, University A Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Olga Zaikova
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claire Berger
- Department for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology CHU Nord, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest en Jarez, France; 28U1059 Sainbiose, University Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stefano Mora
- Laboratory of Pediatric Endocrinology and Pediatric Bone Density Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Kirsten K Ness
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Saskia M F Pluijm
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jill H Simmons
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Natascia Di Iorgi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Italy and Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
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17
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Thastrup M, Marquart HV, Levinsen M, Modvig S, Abrahamsson J, Albertsen BK, Frost BM, Harila-Saari A, Pesola J, Ulvmoen A, Wojcik DM, Taskinen M, Hoffmann M, Lausen B, Schmiegelow K. Flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid improves detection of leukaemic blasts in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2021; 195:119-122. [PMID: 34396501 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) have a high frequency of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was recently demonstrated to be a sensitive method for detecting CNS involvement in childhood ALL. In the present study, CSF from 14 infants was collected at routine lumbar punctures and analysed by multicolour flow cytometry. At initial diagnosis, leukaemic blasts were detected in CSF by flow cytometry in 11 patients (78·6%) compared to seven patients (50%) by cytospin. Larger studies are needed to determine if CSF flow cytometry has prognostic value in infant ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thastrup
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vibeke Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Levinsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Modvig
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Paediatrics, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Britt-Marie Frost
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jouni Pesola
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aina Ulvmoen
- Department of Paediatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Mervi Taskinen
- Division of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianne Hoffmann
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Lausen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Sayyab S, Lundmark A, Larsson M, Ringnér M, Nystedt S, Marincevic-Zuniga Y, Tamm KP, Abrahamsson J, Fogelstrand L, Heyman M, Norén-Nyström U, Lönnerholm G, Harila-Saari A, Berglund EC, Nordlund J, Syvänen AC. Mutational patterns and clonal evolution from diagnosis to relapse in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15988. [PMID: 34362951 PMCID: PMC8346595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms driving clonal heterogeneity and evolution in relapsed pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are not fully understood. We performed whole genome sequencing of samples collected at diagnosis, relapse(s) and remission from 29 Nordic patients. Somatic point mutations and large-scale structural variants were called using individually matched remission samples as controls, and allelic expression of the mutations was assessed in ALL cells using RNA-sequencing. We observed an increased burden of somatic mutations at relapse, compared to diagnosis, and at second relapse compared to first relapse. In addition to 29 known ALL driver genes, of which nine genes carried recurrent protein-coding mutations in our sample set, we identified putative non-protein coding mutations in regulatory regions of seven additional genes that have not previously been described in ALL. Cluster analysis of hundreds of somatic mutations per sample revealed three distinct evolutionary trajectories during ALL progression from diagnosis to relapse. The evolutionary trajectories provide insight into the mutational mechanisms leading relapse in ALL and could offer biomarkers for improved risk prediction in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Sayyab
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Anders Lundmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malin Larsson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Markus Ringnér
- Department of Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Nystedt
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yanara Marincevic-Zuniga
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,For the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Fogelstrand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,For the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,For the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Norén-Nyström
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden.,For the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gudmar Lönnerholm
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,For the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva C Berglund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jessica Nordlund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 1432, 75144, Uppsala, Sweden.
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19
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Oskarsson T, Duun-Henriksen AK, Bautz A, Montgomery S, Harila-Saari A, Petersen C, Niinimäki R, Madanat-Harjuoja L, Tryggvadóttir L, Holmqvist AS, Hasle H, Heyman M, Winther JF. Skeletal adverse events in childhood cancer survivors: An Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia cohort study. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:1863-1876. [PMID: 34278568 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic growth of the skeleton during childhood and adolescence renders it vulnerable to adverse effects of cancer treatment. The lifetime risk and patterns of skeletal morbidity have not been described in a population-based cohort of childhood cancer survivors. A cohort of 26 334 1-year cancer survivors diagnosed before 20 years of age was identified from the national cancer registries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Sweden as well as a cohort of 127 531 age- and sex-matched comparison subjects randomly selected from the national population registries in each country. The two cohorts were linked with data from the national hospital registries and the observed numbers of first-time hospital admissions for adverse skeletal outcomes among childhood cancer survivors were compared to the expected numbers derived from the comparison cohort. In total, 1987 childhood cancer survivors had at least one hospital admission with a skeletal adverse event as discharge diagnosis, yielding a rate ratio (RR) of 1.35 (95% confidence interval, 1.29-1.42). Among the survivors, we observed an increased risk for osteonecrosis with a RR of 25.9 (15.0-44.5), osteoporosis, RR 4.53 (3.28-6.27), fractures, RR 1.27 (1.20-1.34), osteochondropathies, RR 1.57 (1.28-1.92) and osteoarthrosis, RR 1.48 (1.28-1.72). The hospitalization risk for any skeletal adverse event was higher among survivors up to the age of 60 years, but the lifetime pattern was different for each type of skeletal adverse event. Understanding the different lifetime patterns and identification of high-risk groups is crucial for developing strategies to optimize skeletal health in childhood cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trausti Oskarsson
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Andrea Bautz
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Scott Montgomery
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Clinical Epidemiology Division, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Petersen
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Madanat-Harjuoja
- Finnish Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laufey Tryggvadóttir
- The Icelandic Cancer Registry, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anna Sällfors Holmqvist
- Division of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hasle
- Department of Paediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Falck Winther
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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20
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Andrés-Jensen L, Attarbaschi A, Bardi E, Barzilai-Birenboim S, Bhojwani D, Hagleitner MM, Halsey C, Harila-Saari A, van Litsenburg RRL, Hudson MM, Jeha S, Kato M, Kremer L, Mlynarski W, Möricke A, Pieters R, Piette C, Raetz E, Ronceray L, Toro C, Grazia Valsecchi M, Vrooman LM, Weinreb S, Winick N, Schmiegelow K. Severe toxicity free survival: physician-derived definitions of unacceptable long-term toxicities following acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Lancet Haematol 2021; 8:e513-e523. [PMID: 34171282 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(21)00136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
5-year overall survival rates have surpassed 90% for childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia, but survivors are at risk for permanent health sequelae. Although event-free survival appropriately represents the outcome for cancers with poor overall survival, this metric is inadequate when cure rates are high but challenged by serious, persistent complications. Accordingly, a group of experts in paediatric haematology-oncology, representative of 17 international acute lymphocytic leukaemia study groups, launched an initiative to construct a measure, designated severe toxicity-free survival (STFS), to quantify the occurrence of physician-prioritised toxicities to be integrated with standard cancer outcome reporting. Five generic inclusion criteria (not present before cancer diagnosis, symptomatic, objectifiable, of unacceptable severity, permanent, or requiring unacceptable treatments) were used to assess 855 health conditions, which resulted in inclusion of 21 severe toxicities. Consensus definitions were reached through a modified Delphi process supplemented by two additional plenary meetings. The 21 severe toxicities include severe adverse health conditions that substantially affect activities of daily living and are refractory to therapy (eg, refractory seizures), are without therapeutic options (eg, blindness), or require substantially invasive treatment (eg, cardiac transplantation). Incorporation of STFS assessment into clinical trials has the potential to improve and diversify treatment strategies, focusing not only on traditional outcome events and overall survival but also the frequencies of the most severe toxicities. The two major aims of this Review were to: prioritise and define unacceptable long-term toxicity for patients with childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia, and define how these toxicities should be combined into a composite quantity to be integrated with other reported outcomes. Although STFS quantifies the clinically unacceptable health tradeoff for cure using childhood acute lymphocytic leukaemia as a model disease, the prioritised severe toxicities are based on generic considerations of relevance to any other cancer diagnosis and age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Andrés-Jensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, St Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edit Bardi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Pediatric Oncology and Immunology, Kepler University Clinic, Linz, Austria
| | - Shlomit Barzilai-Birenboim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Deepa Bhojwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Christina Halsey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Children's Haemato-Oncology Unit, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Women's and Children's Health, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sima Jeha
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Motohiro Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Leontien Kremer
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology & Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anja Möricke
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Piette
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Liège and University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Raetz
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leila Ronceray
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, St Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Toro
- Royal Children's Hospital, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Lynda M Vrooman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sigal Weinreb
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Naomi Winick
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Woodford J, Månberg J, Cajander Å, Enebrink P, Harila-Saari A, Hagström J, Karlsson M, Placid Solimena H, von Essen L. Help-seeking behaviour and attitudes towards internet-administered psychological support among adolescent and young adults previously treated for cancer during childhood: protocol for a survey and embedded qualitative interview study in Sweden. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041350. [PMID: 34155002 PMCID: PMC8039225 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A subgroup of adolescent and young adult childhood cancer survivors (AYACCS) are at increased risk of psychological distress. Despite this, AYACCS experience difficulties accessing psychological support. E-mental health (e-MH) may offer a solution to reduce this treatment gap. However, research examining e-MH for AYACCS has experienced difficulties with recruitment, retention and adherence. Such difficulties may relate to: (1) help-seeking behaviour and/or (2) e-MH acceptability. The overall study aims are to: (1) examine potential associations between health service use factors, informed by Andersen's behavioural model of health services use, and help-seeking behaviour; (2) examine attitudes towards e-MH interventions; and (3) explore perceived need for mental health support; past experience of receiving mental health support; preferences for support; and barriers and facilitators to help-seeking. METHODS AND ANALYSIS An online and paper-based cross-sectional self-report survey (98 items) and embedded qualitative interview study across Sweden, with a target sample size of n=365. Participants are aged 16-39 years, diagnosed with cancer when 0-18 years and have completed successful cancer treatment. The survey examines sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, actual help-seeking behaviour, attitudes towards e-MH, stigma of mental illness, mental health literacy, social support and current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Survey respondents with past and/or current experience of mental health difficulties are invited into the qualitative interview study to explore: (1) perceived need for mental health support; (2) past experience of receiving mental health support; (3) preferences for support; and (4) barriers and facilitators to help-seeking. Potential associations between health service use factors and help-seeking behaviour are examined using univariable and multivariable logistic regressions. Qualitative interviews are analysed using content analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr: 2020-06271). Results will be disseminated in scientific publications and academic conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN70570236.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Woodford
- Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Månberg
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Region Vasternorrland, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Åsa Cajander
- Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pia Enebrink
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Pediatric Oncology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Josefin Hagström
- Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathilda Karlsson
- Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hanna Placid Solimena
- International Maternal and Child Health Care, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Louise von Essen
- Clinical Psychology in Healthcare, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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22
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Remes T, Suo-Palosaari M, Ritari N, Puosi R, Koskenkorva P, Sutela A, Toiviainen-Salo SM, Arikoski P, Arola M, Hovén E, Lähteenmäki P, Lönnqvist T, Riikonen P, Sirkiä K, Rantala H, Harila M, Ojaniemi M, Harila-Saari A. QOL-12. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RADIATION-INDUCED CEREBROVASULAR DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMOR SURVIVORS. Neuro Oncol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7715074 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood brain tumor survivors have a high risk of early cerebrovascular disease, but currently its clinical significance is unknown. METHODS In a nation-wide study, we investigated 68 childhood brain tumor survivors treated with radiotherapy by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological examination after median follow-up time of 20.6 years (range 5.0 – 33.1 years) since radiotherapy. Associations between imaging markers of cerebrovascular disease, white matter hyperintensities and the results of neuropsychological examination were investigated. RESULTS Majority (65 %) of the survivors was diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease at median age of 27.1 years (range16.2 – 43.8 years). The presence of imaging markers of cerebrovascular disease or white matter hyperintensities was associated with poorer performance in verbal (VIQ) and performance (PIQ) intelligent quotient, working and semantic memory, executive functions, visuospatial ability, and immediate and general auditive memory (P < 0.05). Survivors with microbleeds performed worse in PIQ, processing speed, executive functions, and visuospatial ability (P <0.05). Lacunar infarcts were associated with difficulties in visuospatial ability (P <0.05). Survivors with white matter hyperintensities in MRI had higher impairment of working and semantic memory, visuospatial ability, and general auditive memory (P < 0.05). Cerebrovascular and small-vessel disease burden associated with poorer neurocognitive performance. CONCLUSION The imaging markers of cerebrovascular disease and white matter hyperintensities were related to poorer cognitive performance in radiation-treated long-term survivors of childhood brain tumor. Longitudinal studies are urgently needed to investigate how cerebrovascular disease and related cognitive impairment progress in the survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina Remes
- Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | - Riina Puosi
- Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Mikko Arola
- Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Emma Hovén
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Egnell C, Ranta S, Banerjee J, Merker A, Niinimäki R, Lund B, Mogensen PR, Jonsson ÓG, Vaitkeviciene G, Lepik K, Forslund A, Heyman M, Harila-Saari A. Impact of body mass index on relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated according to Nordic treatment protocols. Eur J Haematol 2020; 105:797-807. [PMID: 32909636 PMCID: PMC7693088 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives High body mass index (BMI) is associated with poorer survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but the actual impact on the risk of relapse still needs to be clarified. We evaluated the impact of BMI at diagnosis on the risk of relapse in children with ALL treated according to Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) protocols. Method In a multicenter study, we collected data on BMI at diagnosis and outcome of 2558 children aged 2.0‐17.9 years diagnosed between 1992 and 2016. Patients were divided into four groups according to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) childhood BMI cut‐offs: underweight, <17; healthy weight, 17‐25; overweight, 25‐30; and obese, ≥30 kg/m2. Results In Cox multivariate regression analyses, an increased risk of relapse was observed in children aged 10‐17.9 years with unhealthy BMI at diagnosis (underweight hazard ratio HR: 2.90 [95% confidence interval: 1.24‐6.78], P = .01; overweight, HR: 1.95 [1.11‐3.43], P = .02, and obese HR: 4.32 [95% 2.08‐8.97], P < .001), compared to children with healthy weight. BMI had no impact on relapse in children under 10 years of age. Conclusion High BMI, and especially obesity at diagnosis, is an independent adverse prognostic factor for relapse in older children with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Egnell
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joanna Banerjee
- Children and Adolescents Department, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrea Merker
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu and Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bendik Lund
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs University Hospital, and the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pernille Rudebeck Mogensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ólafur G Jonsson
- Children's Hospital, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Children's Hospital, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristi Lepik
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Tallin Children's Hospital, Tallin, Estonia
| | - Anders Forslund
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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24
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Anastasopoulou S, Heyman M, Eriksson MA, Niinimäki R, Taskinen M, Mikkel S, Vaitkeviciene GE, Johannsdottir IM, Myrberg IH, Jonsson OG, Als-Nielsen B, Schmiegelow K, Banerjee J, Ranta S, Harila-Saari A. Seizures during treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A population-based cohort study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 27:72-77. [PMID: 32340855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seizures are common in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). As ALL survival rates are improving, the challenge to minimize treatment related side effects and late sequelae rises. Here, we studied the frequency, timing, etiology and risk factors of seizures in ALL patients. METHODS The study included children aged 1-17.9 years at diagnosis of B-cell-precursor and T cell ALL who were treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol between 2008 and 2015. Detailed patient data were acquired from the NOPHO ALL2008 registry and by review of medical records. RESULTS Seizures occurred in 81/1464 (5.5%) patients. The cumulative incidence of seizures at one months was 1.7% (95% CI: 1.2-2.5) and at one year 5.3% (95% CI 4.2-6.5%). Patients aged 10-17.9 years, those with T cell immunophenotype, CNS involvement, or high-risk induction with dexamethasone had higher risk for seizures in univariable analyses. Only age remained a risk factor in multivariable analyses (the cumulative incidence of seizures for patients 10-17.9 years old at one year was 9.0% (95% CI: 6.2-12.9)). Of the 81 patients with seizures, 43 had posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), 15 had isolated seizures, nine had sinus venous thrombosis (SVT), three had stroke-like syndrome, and 11 had other neurotoxicities. Epilepsy diagnosis was reported in totally 11 ALL survivors at last follow up. CONCLUSION Seizures are relatively common in ALL patients and occur most often in patients with PRES, SVT, or as an isolated symptom. Older children have higher risk of seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Anastasopoulou
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mats Heyman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats A Eriksson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Oulu University Hospital, Department of Children and Adolescents, and University of Oulu, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Taskinen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirje Mikkel
- University of Tartu, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Goda E Vaitkeviciene
- Children's Hospital, Affiliation of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos and Vilnius University, Lithuania
| | | | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Bodil Als-Nielsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joanna Banerjee
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- University of Uppsala, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Jackmann N, Mäkitie O, Harila-Saari A, Gustafsson J, Nezirevic Dernroth D, Frisk P. Vitamin D status in children with leukemia, its predictors, and association with outcome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28163. [PMID: 31925904 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with leukemia are potentially at high risk of vitamin D inadequacy, which may have clinical relevance for skeletal morbidity, infections, and cancer outcome. This study aimed to evaluate vitamin D status at the time of diagnosis to investigate its predictors and association with overall survival in children with leukemia. PROCEDURE We included all 295 children and adolescents diagnosed with leukemia at our institution between 1990 and 2016 who had available serum sample from the time of diagnosis. We analyzed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels and correlated them with clinical data. RESULTS The 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was deficient (< 25 nmol/L), insufficient (25-50 nmol/L), sufficient (50-75 nmol/L), and optimal (> 75 nmol/L) in 6.4%, 26.8%, 39.7%, and 27.1% of the children, respectively. Older age and a more recent time of sampling (calendar year) predicted lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. In preschool children (age ≤6 years), lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was also associated with acute myeloid leukemia, and a 25-hydroxyvitamin D level < 50 nmol/L was associated with inferior overall survival. In school-aged children (age > 6 years), the 25-hydroxyvitamin D level showed significant seasonal variation. CONCLUSION It remains unclear whether vitamin D supplementation in pediatric leukemia patients will improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalja Jackmann
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Gustafsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dzeneta Nezirevic Dernroth
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Frisk
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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26
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Banerjee J, Niinimäki R, Lähteenmäki P, Hed Myrberg I, Arola M, Riikonen P, Lönnqvist T, Palomäki M, Ranta S, Harila-Saari A, Taskinen M. The spectrum of acute central nervous system symptoms during the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e27999. [PMID: 31674724 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with central nervous system (CNS) toxicity during therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are at risk for treatment modifications, long-term sequelae and even higher mortality. A better understanding of CNS symptoms and their complications improves the potential to prevent and treat them. METHODS Patient files from 649 children treated with Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL92 and ALL2000 protocols in Finland were reviewed retrospectively for any acute CNS symptom. Detailed data on symptoms, examinations and treatment of the underlying CNS complications were collected from the medical records. Disease-related and outcome data were retrieved from the Nordic leukaemia registry. RESULTS Altogether, 13% (86) of patients with ALL had acute CNS symptoms. Most symptoms (64%) occurred during the first 2 months of therapy. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome was the most frequent complication (4.5%). Cerebrovascular events were diagnosed in 10 cases (1.6%), while methotrexate-related stroke-like syndrome (SLS) was observed in only one patient (0.2%). CNS symptoms due to systemic or unclear conditions, especially sepsis, were important for differential diagnosis. CNS leukaemia was associated with CNS symptoms (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.03; P = .003), and epilepsy was a common sequel of CNS complications (19%). CONCLUSIONS Acute CNS symptoms are common during ALL therapy, occurring mainly during the first 2 months of treatment. Patients with CNS leukaemia at diagnosis are at a higher risk for CNS toxicity. Despite intensive CNS-directed methotrexate treatment, SLS was diagnosed extremely rarely in our series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Banerjee
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Arola
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Riikonen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuula Lönnqvist
- Division of Child Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Palomäki
- Department of Radiology, Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mervi Taskinen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Helsinki University Hospital and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
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27
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Rank CU, Wolthers BO, Grell K, Albertsen BK, Frandsen TL, Overgaard UM, Toft N, Nielsen OJ, Wehner PS, Harila-Saari A, Heyman MM, Malmros J, Abrahamsson J, Norén-Nyström U, Tomaszewska-Toporska B, Lund B, Jarvis KB, Quist-Paulsen P, Vaitkevičienė GE, Griškevičius L, Taskinen M, Wartiovaara-Kautto U, Lepik K, Punab M, Jónsson ÓG, Schmiegelow K. Asparaginase-Associated Pancreatitis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results From the NOPHO ALL2008 Treatment of Patients 1-45 Years of Age. J Clin Oncol 2019; 38:145-154. [PMID: 31770057 PMCID: PMC6953441 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.02208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP) is common in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but risk differences across age groups both in relation to first-time AAP and after asparaginase re-exposure have not been explored. PATIENTS AND METHODS We prospectively registered AAP (n = 168) during treatment of 2,448 consecutive ALL patients aged 1.0-45.9 years diagnosed from July 2008 to October 2018 and treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol. RESULTS Compared with patients aged 1.0-9.9 years, adjusted AAP hazard ratios (HRa) were associated with higher age with almost identical HRa (1.6; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.3; P = .02) for adolescents (10.0-17.9 years) and adults (18.0-45.9 years). The day 280 cumulative incidences of AAP were 7.0% for children (1.0-9.9 years: 95% CI, 5.4 to 8.6), 10.1% for adolescents (10.0 to 17.9 years: 95% CI, 7.0 to 13.3), and 11.0% for adults (18.0-45.9 years: 95% CI, 7.1 to 14.9; P = .03). Adolescents had increased odds of both acute (odds ratio [OR], 5.2; 95% CI, 2.1 to 13.2; P = .0005) and persisting complications (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 2.4 to 18.4; P = .0002) compared with children (1.0-9.9 years), whereas adults had increased odds of only persisting complications (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.4 to 11.8; P = .01). Fifteen of 34 asparaginase-rechallenged patients developed a second AAP. Asparaginase was truncated in 17/21 patients with AAP who subsequently developed leukemic relapse, but neither AAP nor the asparaginase truncation was associated with increased risk of relapse. CONCLUSION Older children and adults had similar AAP risk, whereas morbidity was most pronounced among adolescents. Asparaginase re-exposure should be considered only for patients with an anticipated high risk of leukemic relapse, because multiple studies strongly indicate that reduction of asparaginase treatment intensity increases the risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie U Rank
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kathrine Grell
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Nina Toft
- Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bendik Lund
- Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kirsten B Jarvis
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Goda E Vaitkevičienė
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laimonas Griškevičius
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | | | | | - Mari Punab
- Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Ivanov Öfverholm I, Zachariadis V, Taylan F, Marincevic-Zuniga Y, Tran AN, Saft L, Nilsson D, Syvänen AC, Lönnerholm G, Harila-Saari A, Nordenskjöld M, Heyman M, Nordgren A, Nordlund J, Barbany G. Overexpression of chromatin remodeling and tyrosine kinase genes in iAMP21-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:604-613. [PMID: 31640433 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1678153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) is a cytogenetic subtype associated with relapse and poor prognosis in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL). The biology behind the high relapse risk is unknown and the aim of this study was to further characterize the genomic and transcriptional landscape of iAMP21. Using DNA arrays and sequencing, we could identify rearrangements and aberrations characteristic for iAMP21. RNA sequencing revealed that only half of the genes in the minimal region of amplification (20/45) were differentially expressed in iAMP21. Among them were the top overexpressed genes (p < 0.001) in iAMP21 vs. BCP ALL without iAMP21 and three candidate genes could be identified, the tyrosine kinase gene DYRK1A and chromatin remodeling genes CHAF1B and SON. While overexpression of DYRK1A and CHAF1B is associated with poor prognosis in malignant diseases including myeloid leukemia, this is the first study to show significant correlation with iAMP21-positive ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Ivanov Öfverholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yanara Marincevic-Zuniga
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anh Nhi Tran
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonie Saft
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gudmar Lönnerholm
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Nordenskjöld
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Nordlund
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gisela Barbany
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Järviaho T, Bang B, Zachariadis V, Taylan F, Moilanen J, Möttönen M, Smith CIE, Harila-Saari A, Niinimäki R, Nordgren A. Predisposition to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia caused by a constitutional translocation disrupting ETV6. Blood Adv 2019; 3:2722-2731. [PMID: 31519648 PMCID: PMC6759729 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018028795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic germline variants in ETV6 have been associated with familial predisposition to thrombocytopenia and hematological malignancies, predominantly childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). In addition, overrepresentation of a high hyperdiploid subtype and older age at diagnosis have been reported among sporadic BCP-ALL cases with germline variants in ETV6 We studied a family with 2 second-degree relatives who developed childhood high hyperdiploid BCP-ALL at ages 8 and 12 years, respectively. A constitutional balanced reciprocal translocation t(12;14)(p13.2;q23.1) was discovered in both patients by routine karyotyping at diagnosis and, subsequently, in 7 healthy family members who had not experienced hematological malignancies. No carriers had thrombocytopenia. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed the translocation, resulting in 2 actively transcribed but nonfunctional fusion genes, causing heterozygous loss and consequently monoallelic expression of ETV6 Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the affected female subjects' leukemia excluded additional somatic aberrations in ETV6 and RTN1 as well as shared somatic variants in other genes. Expression studies, performed to confirm decreased expression of ETV6, were not conclusive. We suggest that germline aberrations resulting in monoallelic expression of ETV6 contribute to leukemia susceptibility, whereas more severe functional deficiency of ETV6 is required for developing THC5. To our knowledge, this report is the first of a constitutional translocation disrupting ETV6 causing predisposition to childhood ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tekla Järviaho
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Benedicte Bang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vasilios Zachariadis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics and
| | - Merja Möttönen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - C I Edvard Smith
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Thastrup M, Marquart HV, Levinsen M, Grell K, Abrahamsson J, Albertsen BK, Frandsen TL, Harila-Saari A, Lähteenmäki PM, Niinimäki R, Pronk CJ, Ulvmoen A, Vaitkevičienė G, Taskinen M, Schmiegelow K, Wehner P, Frost BM, Norén-Nyström U, Behrendtz M, Lund B, Pesola J, Wojcik DM. Flow cytometric detection of leukemic blasts in cerebrospinal fluid predicts risk of relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology study. Leukemia 2019; 34:336-346. [DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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31
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Psaros Einberg A, Ekman AT, Söderhäll S, Millbourn C, Lindahl K, Harila-Saari A, Fischler B. Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus infection among childhood cancer survivors in Stockholm, Sweden. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:997-1002. [PMID: 30761933 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1574105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Childhood cancer survivors treated before 1992, when blood donor screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was introduced, are at risk of transfusion-transmitted HCV infection. A national HCV screening campaign targeting blood transfusion recipients was launched in Sweden in 2007-2010. The aims of this study were to, among adult childhood cancer survivors in Stockholm County, investigate the prevalence of HCV infection, the natural course of infection, treatment outcome and anti-HCV testing frequency before, during and after the screening campaign and finally to actively screen the untested ones. Material and Methods: This was a combined retrospective register based and prospective screening study of adult childhood cancer survivors (n = 686) treated for malignancy in Stockholm before 1992. In the first part, we investigated the prevalence of HCV infection and previous anti-HCV testing, and in the second part, we actively traced and HCV-screened the remaining untested cohort living in Stockholm. Analysis of previous documented anti-HCV tests in medical records, laboratory records, and the national communicable disease registry was performed. In the second part, 231 presumably untested individuals were contacted by mail and offered an anti-HCV test. The natural course of HCV infection and treatment outcome was analyzed for those found to be chronically infected. Results: In total, 235 patients were tested and 11 were HCV-RNA positive. The overall prevalence of chronic HCV infection among the tested childhood cancer survivors was thus 4.7% (95% CI = 2.6-8.2%), which is almost 10 times higher than the national prevalence of 0.5%. Only 12% of the Stockholm cohort were tested during the screening campaign in 2007-2010, while the test uptake using active tracing screening within this study was 40% (p < .001). Conclusion: With today's effective treatment options, active tracing and HCV screening of childhood cancer survivors are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrodite Psaros Einberg
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Theresia Ekman
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Söderhäll
- Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health (KBH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Millbourn
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Lindahl
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn Fischler
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Anastasopoulou S, Eriksson MA, Heyman M, Wang C, Niinimäki R, Mikkel S, Vaitkevičienė GE, Johannsdottir IM, Myrberg IH, Jonsson OG, Als-Nielsen B, Schmiegelow K, Banerjee J, Harila-Saari A, Ranta S. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Clinical characteristics, risk factors, course, and outcome of disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27594. [PMID: 30592147 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a distinct entity with incompletely known predisposing factors. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence, risk factors, clinical course, and outcome of PRES in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). PROCEDURE Patients aged 1.0 to 17.9 years diagnosed with ALL from July 2008 to December 2015 and treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol were included. Patients with PRES were identified in the prospective NOPHO leukemia toxicity registry, and clinical data were collected from the medical records. RESULTS The study group included 1378 patients, of whom 52 met the criteria for PRES. The cumulative incidence of PRES at one month was 1.7% (95% CI, 1.1-2.5) and at one year 3.7% (95% CI, 2.9-4.9). Older age (hazard ratios [HR] for each one-year increase in age 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.2, P = 0.001) and T-cell immunophenotype (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.3, P = 0.0005) were associated with PRES. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement (odds ratios [OR] = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2-6.5, P = 0.015) was associated with early PRES and high-risk block treatment (HR = 2.63; 95% CI, 1.1-6.4, P = 0.033) with late PRES. At follow-up of the PRES patients, seven patients had epilepsy and seven had neurocognitive difficulties. CONCLUSION PRES is a neurotoxicity in the treatment of childhood ALL with both acute and long-term morbidity. Older age, T-cell leukemia, CNS involvement and high-risk block treatment are risk factors for PRES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Anastasopoulou
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats A Eriksson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Oulu University Hospital, Department of Children and Adolescents, and University of Oulu, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sirje Mikkel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Goda E Vaitkevičienė
- Children's Hospital, affiliation of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Bodil Als-Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joanna Banerjee
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Niinimäki R, Suo-Palosaari M, Pokka T, Harila-Saari A, Niinimäki T. The radiological and clinical follow-up of osteonecrosis in cancer patients. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:505-511. [PMID: 30698062 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1566769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with cancer, osteonecrosis (ON) lesions can affect multiple sites throughout the skeleton, including the long and short bones and the joints. The aims of this study were to explore the natural course of ON in patients treated for cancer by using radiological classification suitable for multisite ON lesions and to assess correlations between the ON grade and surgical procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data were retrieved from hospital databases on 233 ON lesions in 54 patients (aged 2-73 years at cancer diagnosis; mean age: 25 years). ONs were graded according to the Niinimäki classification, based on magnetic resonance images. Medical records were reviewed to identify surgical procedures. RESULTS A total of 14 different ON sites were detected; the hip was the most common site (n = 51), followed by the femur (n = 45), tibia (n = 41) and knee (n = 37). Among the 233 ON lesions, 78.1% did not require surgical procedures. The remaining lesions required total joint arthroplasty (TJA; 40/233, 17.2%), core decompression (3.4%) and arthroscopy (1.3%). Most TJAs (33/40, 82.5%) were performed on the hip. ONs of the knee required TJAs only once; grade 3 knee ONs frequently healed (58%, 11/19). None of the diaphyseal or metaphyseal (grade 1-2) ONs of the long bones required surgery, and no fractures of those bones were identified. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the natural history of ONs varied by the grade and site. Based on our findings, we would not recommend routine radiological follow-ups for grades 1-2 ON lesions that do not affect the joints, because the clinical consequences of those lesions appear to be minimal, although pain relief would be warranted. In contrast, joint deformations (grade 5) require surgery; therefore, intervention studies should focus on grades 3-4 ON lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Suo-Palosaari
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tytti Pokka
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Lövgren M, Mogensen N, Harila-Saari A, Lähteenmäki PM, Kreicbergs U. Sweden and Finland need to improve the support provided for the siblings of children with cancer. Acta Paediatr 2019; 108:369-370. [PMID: 30325536 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Lövgren
- Department of Health Care Sciences; Palliative Research Centre; Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College; Stockholm Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; The Department of Women's and Children's Health; Paediatric Oncology and Haematology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Nina Mogensen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; The Department of Women's and Children's Health; Paediatric Oncology and Haematology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- The Department of Women's and Children's Health; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Päivi Maria Lähteenmäki
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Turku University Hospital; Turku University; Turku Finland
| | - Ulrika Kreicbergs
- Department of Health Care Sciences; Palliative Research Centre; Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College; Stockholm Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; The Department of Women's and Children's Health; Paediatric Oncology and Haematology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
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35
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Moell J, Svenningsson A, Af Sandeberg M, Larsson M, Heyman M, Harila-Saari A, Nilsson A. Early central line-associated blood stream infections in children with cancer pose a risk for premature catheter removal. Acta Paediatr 2019; 108:361-366. [PMID: 29863780 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined the clinical characteristics of central line-associated blood stream infections occurring within 30 days after insertion versus later infections in paediatric cancer patients and the subsequent risk for premature catheter removal. METHODS This was a retrospective study of children aged 0-18 years who were diagnosed with cancer from 2013 to 2014 at the Astrid Lindgren Children Hospital, Sweden. Clinical and microbiology data for each patient were collected for 365 days after the central venous catheter (CVC) was inserted. RESULTS During the study period, 154 children received a CVC. The overall incidence of central line associated blood stream infections was 2.0 per 1000 catheter days. A total of 108 infectious episodes were identified in 44/154 (29%) patients. Of those, 15/44 children (29%) had an early infection within 30 days and alpha-haemolytic Streptococci and coagulase-negative Staphylococci dominated. Children with early infections were more likely to have a haematological malignancy and to need premature removal of the CVC due to repeated infections. CONCLUSION We observed a high prevalence of early CVC associated blood stream infection mainly in patients with haematological malignancies. Our study highlights the importance of preventive measures in reducing infections in paediatric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Moell
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Department of Women and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anna Svenningsson
- Department of Paediatric Surgery; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Margareta Af Sandeberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Department of Women and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Theme of Children's and Women's Health; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Magnus Larsson
- Department of Paediatric Surgery; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Department of Women and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Theme of Children's and Women's Health; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Department of Women and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Department of Women and Children's Health; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
- Theme of Children's and Women's Health; Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
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Lumme J, Möttönen M, Pokka T, Mäkitie O, Harila-Saari A, Niinimäki R. Vitamin D Status in Children With Hemato-Oncological Diseases in Northern Finland. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2019; 58:241-244. [PMID: 30296838 DOI: 10.1177/0009922818806310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Lumme
- 1 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,2 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja Möttönen
- 1 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,2 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tytti Pokka
- 1 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,2 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- 3 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,4 Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,5 Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,6 Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Riitta Niinimäki
- 1 Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,2 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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37
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Albertsen BK, Harila-Saari A, Jahnukainen K, Lähteenmäki P, Riikonen P, Möttönen M, Lausen B. Asparaginase treatment in infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia; pharmacokinetics and asparaginase hypersensitivity in Interfant-06. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:1469-1475. [PMID: 30632847 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1538507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare disease in infants. Asparaginase is an essential part of the treatment, and there Acute is a need to evaluate the efficiency and safety of this drug in this age group. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of intramuscularly administered native E. coli asparaginase (Asparaginase Medac®) and PEG-asparaginase (Oncaspar®) as well as hypersensitivity reactions during treatment in Interfant-06 ( www.clinicaltrials.gov : NCT01025804). All patients without hypersensitivity had sufficiently high enzyme activity levels during treatment with both preparations. Patients with hypersensitivity reactions during treatment, characterized by the presence of either or not of clinical symptoms and no measurable enzyme activity, received ineffective therapy. For optimization of the bad prognosis in infant ALL, therapeutic drug monitoring should be performed for identification of patients who should be switched to a different asparaginase preparation because of inactivation of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- b Department of Women's and Children's Health , Uppsala University , Sweden
| | - Kirsi Jahnukainen
- c Children's Hospital , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Päivi Lähteenmäki
- d Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , Turku University Hospital and Turku University , Turku , Finland
| | - Pekka Riikonen
- e Department of Pediatrics , Kuopio University Hospital , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Merja Möttönen
- f PEDEGO Research Center and Medical Research Center Oulu , University of Oulu , and Department of Children and Adolescents , Oulu University Hospital , Oulu , Finland
| | - Birgitte Lausen
- g Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Højfeldt SG, Wolthers BO, Tulstrup M, Abrahamsson J, Gupta R, Harila-Saari A, Heyman M, Henriksen LT, Jónsson ÒG, Lähteenmäki PM, Lund B, Pruunsild K, Vaitkeviciene G, Schmiegelow K, Albertsen BK. Genetic predisposition to PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity in children treated according to NOPHO ALL2008. Br J Haematol 2018; 184:405-417. [PMID: 30450575 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Asparaginase is essential in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treatment, however hypersensitivity reactions to pegylated asparaginase (PEG-asparaginase) hampers anti-neoplastic efficacy. Patients with PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity have been shown to possess zero asparaginase enzyme activity. Using this measurement to define the phenotype, we investigated genetic predisposition to PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). From July 2008 to March 2016, 1494 children were treated on the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology ALL2008 protocol. Cases were defined by clinical hypersensitivity and no enzyme activity, controls had enzyme activity ≥ 100 iu/l and no hypersensitivity symptoms. PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity was reported in 13·8% (206/1494) of patients. Fifty-nine cases and 772 controls fulfilled GWAS inclusion criteria. The CNOT3 variant rs73062673 on 19q13.42, was associated with PEG-asparaginase allergy (P = 4·68 × 10-8 ). We further identified two signals on chromosome 6 in relation to HLA-DQA1 (P = 9·37 × 10-6 ) and TAP2 (P = 1·59 × 10-5 ). This study associated variants in CNOT3 and in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region with PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity, suggesting that not only genetic variations in the HLA region, but also regulation of these genes are of importance in the biology of this toxicity. Furthermore, our study emphasizes the importance of using asparaginase enzyme activity measurements to identify PEG-asparaginase hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie G Højfeldt
- Child and Adolescent Health, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Benjamin O Wolthers
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Tulstrup
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Paediatrics, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ramneek Gupta
- Department of Bio- and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women's and Children's health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Louise T Henriksen
- Child and Adolescent Health, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Òlafur G Jónsson
- Children's Hospital, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Päivi M Lähteenmäki
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Bendik Lund
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kaie Pruunsild
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University Children's Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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39
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Mogensen SS, Harila-Saari A, Mäkitie O, Myrberg IH, Niinimäki R, Vestli A, Hafsteinsdottir S, Griškevicius L, Saks K, Hallböök H, Retpen J, Helt LR, Toft N, Schmiegelow K, Frandsen TL. Comparing osteonecrosis clinical phenotype, timing, and risk factors in children and young adults treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2018; 65:e27300. [PMID: 29943905 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment-related osteonecrosis (ON) is a serious complication of treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). PROCEDURE This study included 1,489 patients with ALL, aged 1-45 years, treated according to the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology ALL2008 protocol, using alternate-week dexamethasone during delayed intensification, with prospective registration of symptomatic ON. We aimed at comparing risk factors, timing, and clinical characteristics of ON in children and young adults. RESULTS ON was diagnosed in 67 patients, yielding a 5-year cumulative incidence of 6.3%, but 28% in female adolescents. Median age at ALL diagnosis was 12.1 years and 14.9 years for females and males, respectively. At ON diagnosis, 59 patients had bone pain (91%) and 30 (46%) had multiple-joint involvement. The median interval between ALL and ON diagnosis was significantly shorter in children aged 1.0-9.9 years (0.7 years [range: 0.2-2.1]) compared with adolescents (1.8 years [range: 0.3-3.7, P < 0.001]) and adults (2.1 years [range: 0.4-5.3, P = 0.001]). Female sex was a risk factor in adolescent patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-4.2) but not in children aged 1.1-9.9 years (HR = 2.4, 95% CI: 0.9-6.2, P = 0.08) or adults aged 19-45 years (HR = 1.1, 95% CI: 0.3-4.0). Age above 10 years at ALL diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 3.7, P = 0.026) and multiple joints affected at ON diagnosis (OR = 3.4, P = 0.027) were risk factors for developing severe ON. CONCLUSION We provide a detailed phenotype of patients with ALL with symptomatic ON, including description of risk factors and timing of ON across age groups. This awareness is essential in exploring measures to prevent development of ON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Sloth Mogensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, the Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Vestli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Laimonas Griškevicius
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kadri Saks
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Tallinn Children´s Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Helene Hallböök
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Retpen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Herlev Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Rold Helt
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, the Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina Toft
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, the Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Leth Frandsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, the Juliane Marie Center, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tulstrup M, Grosjean M, Nielsen SN, Grell K, Wolthers BO, Wegener PS, Jonsson OG, Lund B, Harila-Saari A, Abrahamsson J, Vaitkeviciene G, Pruunsild K, Toft N, Holm M, Hulegårdh E, Liestøl S, Griskevicius L, Punab M, Wang J, Carroll WL, Zhang Z, Dalgaard MD, Gupta R, Nersting J, Schmiegelow K. NT5C2 germline variants alter thiopurine metabolism and are associated with acquired NT5C2 relapse mutations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukemia 2018; 32:2527-2535. [PMID: 30201983 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The antileukaemic drug 6-mercaptopurine is converted into thioguanine nucleotides (TGN) and incorporated into DNA (DNA-TG), the active end metabolite. In a series of genome-wide association studies, we analysed time-weighted means (wm) of erythrocyte concentrations of TGN (Ery-TGN) and DNA-TG in 1009 patients undergoing maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In discovery analyses (454 patients), the propensity for DNA-TG incorporation (wmDNA-TG/wmEry-TGN ratio) was significantly associated with three intronic SNPs in NT5C2 (top hit: rs72846714; P = 2.09 × 10-10, minor allele frequency 15%). In validation analyses (555 patients), this association remained significant during both early and late maintenance therapy (P = 8.4 × 10-6 and 1.3 × 10-3, respectively). The association was mostly driven by differences in wmEry-TGN, but in regression analyses adjusted for wmEry-TGN (P < 0.0001), rs72846714-A genotype was also associated with a higher wmDNA-TG (P = 0.029). Targeted sequencing of NT5C2 did not identify any missense variants associated with rs72846714 or wmEry-TGN/wmDNA-TG. rs72846714 was not associated with relapse risk, but in a separate cohort of 180 children with relapsed ALL, rs72846714-A genotype was associated with increased occurrence of relapse-specific NT5C2 gain-of-function mutations that reduce cytosol TGN levels (P = 0.03). These observations highlight the impact of both germline and acquired mutations in drug metabolism and disease trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Tulstrup
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Grosjean
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stine Nygaard Nielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrine Grell
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Ole Wolthers
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peder Skov Wegener
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, H. C. Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Bendik Lund
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kaie Pruunsild
- Department of Onco-haematology, Talinn Children's Hospital, Talinn, Estonia
| | - Nina Toft
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Rishospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Holm
- Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik Hulegårdh
- Department of Hematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Sigurd Liestøl
- Department of Hematology, Ullevål University Hospital, Faculty Division Ullevål University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laimonas Griskevicius
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Mari Punab
- Clinic of Hematology and Oncology, Tartu University Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Masonic Cancer Center, Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William L Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Medical Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Marlene D Dalgaard
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ramneek Gupta
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jacob Nersting
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Järviaho T, Zachariadis V, Tesi B, Chiang S, Bryceson YT, Möttönen M, Niinimäki R, Bang B, Rahikkala E, Taylan F, Uusimaa J, Harila-Saari A, Nordgren A. Microdeletion of 7p12.1p13, including IKZF1, causes intellectual impairment, overgrowth, and susceptibility to leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2018; 185:354-357. [PMID: 30004112 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tekla Järviaho
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vasilios Zachariadis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bianca Tesi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Chiang
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Merja Möttönen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Benedicte Bang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisa Rahikkala
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Uusimaa
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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42
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Järviaho T, Hurme-Niiranen A, Soini HK, Niinimäki R, Möttönen M, Savolainen ER, Hinttala R, Harila-Saari A, Uusimaa J. Novel non-neutral mitochondrial DNA mutations found in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Genet 2017; 93:275-285. [PMID: 28708239 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy requirements via the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. One of the hallmarks of cancer is the energy shift toward glycolysis. Low OXPHOS activity and increased glycolysis are associated with aggressive types of cancer. Mitochondria have their own genome (mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA]) encoding for 13 essential subunits of the OXPHOS enzyme complexes. We studied mtDNA in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to detect potential pathogenic mutations in OXPHOS complexes. The whole mtDNA from blood and bone marrow samples at diagnosis and follow-up from 36 ALL patients were analyzed. Novel or previously described pathogenic mtDNA mutations were identified in 8 out of 36 patients. Six out of these 8 patients had died from ALL. Five out of 36 patients had an identified poor prognosis genetic marker, and 4 of these patients had mtDNA mutations. Missense or nonsense mtDNA mutations were detected in the genes encoding subunits of OXPHOS complexes, as follows: MT-ND1, MT-ND2, MT-ND4L and MT-ND6 of complex I; MT-CO3 of complex IV; and MT-ATP6 and MT-ATP8 of complex V. We discovered mtDNA mutations in childhood ALL supporting the hypothesis that non-neutral variants in mtDNA affecting the OXPHOS function may be related to leukemic clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Järviaho
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - A Hurme-Niiranen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - H K Soini
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - R Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Möttönen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - E-R Savolainen
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,NordLab Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - R Hinttala
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - A Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Uusimaa
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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43
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Ranta S, Palomäki M, Levinsen M, Taskinen M, Abrahamsson J, Hasle H, Jahnukainen K, Heyman M, Harila-Saari A. Presenting features and imaging in childhood acute myeloid leukemia with central nervous system involvement. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28233411 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can manifest as leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid, a solid CNS tumor, or as neurological symptoms. We evaluated the presenting symptoms and neuroimaging findings in 33 of 34 children with AML and CNS involvement at diagnosis in the period 2000-2012 in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. Imaging was performed in 22 patients, of whom 16 had CNS-related symptoms. Seven patients, including all but two with facial palsy, had mastoid cell opacification, considered an incidental finding. The frequent involvement of the mastoid bone with facial palsy warrants evaluation in larger series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Ranta
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maarit Palomäki
- Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mette Levinsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mervi Taskinen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hasle
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kirsi Jahnukainen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Mats Heyman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Ahomäki R, Harila-Saari A, Parkkola K, Matomäki J, Lähteenmäki PM. Compulsory military service as a measure of later physical and cognitive performance in male survivors of childhood cancer. Acta Oncol 2017; 56:1712-1719. [PMID: 28712313 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2017.1351037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compromised physical fitness and cognitive difficulties have been reported as late effects of cancer treatment during childhood. To assess this issue, the military rankings of cancer survivors in medical checkups at call-up, and conscripts' physical and cognitive performance during the first weeks of compulsory military education were compared to those of matched population controls without a history of cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 1680 male patients born between 1960 and 1992 with a malignancy diagnosed before the age of 16 who were alive at the call-up age (18 years) were identified using the Finnish Cancer Registry, and five age, sex and place of residence matched controls for each patient using the Population Register Centre. Data on military service were gathered from Finnish Defense Forces. A conditional logistic regression analysis, the GEE-method with the cumulative logit link function, the chi-square test, the chi-square test for trend and a one-way analysis of variance were used in different analyses. RESULTS Cancer survivors were exempted from military service more often than the controls (p < .001). The fit-for-service frequency was highest for survivors of kidney tumors (68%) and lowest after irradiated brain tumors (19%). In service, the results of the 12-min running test were poorer than those of controls for leukemia/non-Hodgkin lymphoma (p = .03) and brain tumor (p = .01) survivors. Interestingly, the standing long-jump test was the only muscle test for which survivor groups performed worse than controls. Performance on cognitive tests only differed from controls in brain tumor survivors. CONCLUSIONS Exemption from service is still common under the current guidelines, but fit-for-service survivors do well in military education. These results can be used for reassuring survivors that completion of military service is possible for those fulfilling the national general guidelines for military fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritva Ahomäki
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kai Parkkola
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaakko Matomäki
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi M. Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland
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45
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Mogensen SS, Harila-Saari A, Frandsen TL, Lähteenmäki P, Castor A, Kohonen I, Schmiegelow K, Mäkitie O. Early presentation of osteonecrosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Two children from the Nordic and Baltic cohort. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28521072 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis (ON) is usually considered treatment related in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We report two patients with presentation of ON at the time of ALL diagnosis. Both were females and diagnosed with ALL at age 8 and 14 years. In the latter, some symptoms and radiologically verified ON in both knees were still present after the end of ALL therapy. No pediatric patients have previously been reported with ON presenting before initiation of ALL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Sloth Mogensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Leth Frandsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Päivi Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatric and Adolecent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland
| | - Anders Castor
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ia Kohonen
- Medical Imaging of Southwest Finland, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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46
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Persson L, Harila-Saari A, Hed Myrberg I, Heyman M, Nilsson A, Ranta S. Hypertriglyceridemia during asparaginase treatment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia correlates with antithrombin activity in adolescents. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 28440015 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asparaginase (ASP) is a cornerstone in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is also known for its ability to cause side effects, such as allergy and pancreatitis, as well as lipid and coagulation disturbances. The most important laboratory abnormalities are hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and low antithrombin (AT). HTG is usually considered to be transient and benign in children with ALL, whereas low AT activity predisposes to thrombosis. Studies on the incidence and significance of HTG in children with ALL are scarce, and their findings have not always been congruent. We investigated the incidence and significance of ASP-related HTG, defined as triglyceride values more than five times the upper normal limit, in children with ALL. PROCEDURE We analyzed the laboratory and clinical data of children diagnosed with ALL at the Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, from July 2008 to December 2014. Triglyceride and AT values were measured before each injection of pegylated ASP. RESULTS The study group comprised of 92 patients, aged 1-17.9 years at diagnosis (median 4.8 years), almost half (42/92, 46%) of whom had HTG. A significant negative correlation between triglyceride and AT values was observed in those aged over 10 years (P = 0.0002). No significant correlation was found between HTG and thrombosis, osteonecrosis, or pancreatitis. CONCLUSIONS Although common, ASP-associated HTG was not associated with other ASP-related toxicities. HTG correlated with decreased AT activity in older children, which may explain previous association between HTG and thrombosis. Larger studies are of interest with regard to establishing guidelines for HGT management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Persson
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ida Hed Myrberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Heyman
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Ranta
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Svahn T, Mellgren K, Harila-Saari A, Åsberg A, Kanerva J, Jónsson Ó, Vaitkeviciene G, Stamm Mikkelssen T, Schmiegelow K, Heldrup J. Delayed elimination of high-dose methotrexate and use of carboxypeptidase G2 in pediatric patients during treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 27966809 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPDG2 ) can be used as rescue treatment in cases of delayed methotrexate elimination (DME) and Mtx-induced nephrotoxicity. PROCEDURE Between July 2008 and December 2014, all children (1.0-17.9 years) in the Nordic countries diagnosed with Philadelphia chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated according to the Nordic Organization for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL 2008 protocol, including administration of six to eight high-dose (5 g/m2 /24 hr) Mtx (HDMtx) courses. The protocol includes recommendations for CPDG2 administration in cases of DME (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01305655). RESULTS Forty-seven of the 1,286 children (3.6%) received CPDG2 during 50 HDMtx courses at a median dose of 50 IU/kg. In 49% of the cases, CPDG2 was used during the first HDMtx course. Within a median of 6 hr from CPDG2 administration, the Mtx concentration decreased by 75% when measured with immune-based methods, and by 100% when measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. The median time from the start of Mtx infusion to plasma levels ≤ 0.2 μM was 228 hr (range: 48-438). The maximum increase in plasma creatinine was 375% (range: 100-1,310). Creatinine peaked after a median of 48 hr (range: 36-86). Mtx elimination time was shorter in patients with body surface area < 1 m2 (median 198.5 vs. 257 hr; P = 0.004) and was inversely correlated to the maximum creatinine increase (209 vs. 258 hr; P = 0.034). All patients normalized their renal function as measured with s-creatinine. CONCLUSIONS CPDG2 administration is highly effective as rescue in case of delayed Mtx clearance. Subsequent HDMtx courses could be administered without events in most of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thommy Svahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Mellgren
- Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Åsberg
- Pediatric Department, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jukka Kanerva
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ólafur Jónsson
- Children's Hospital, Landspítali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Goda Vaitkeviciene
- Children's Hospital, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Heldrup
- Department of Pediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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48
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Ranta S, Palomäki M, Levinsen M, Taskinen M, Abrahamsson J, Mellgren K, Niinimäki R, Schmiegelow K, Heyman M, Harila-Saari A. Role of neuroimaging in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and central nervous system involvement at diagnosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64:64-70. [PMID: 27555087 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Each year approximately 200 children and adolescents are diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the five Nordic countries, and 3% of these have central nervous system (CNS) involvement confirmed by leukemic cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or neurological symptoms. We sought to determine the significance of neuraxis imaging in such patients. PROCEDURE Magnetic resonance images of children aged 1-17.9 with CNS leukemia at diagnosis of ALL were centrally reviewed and clinical data were retrieved from the medical records and the Nordic leukemia registry. Patients were diagnosed in the period 2000-2012 in Sweden, Finland, or Denmark. RESULTS The cohort comprised 1,877 patients, and 66 (3.5%) had CNS involvement. Forty-five percent (30/66) had CNS related symptoms. Symptoms included vomiting, facial palsy, headache, visual symptoms, and impaired hearing. CNS imaging was performed in 32 of 66 children (48%), and confirmed CNS involvement in 6 of 21 patients with symptoms (29%) and 5 of 11 (45%) without (P = 0.44). There was no difference in the overall survival between CNS-positive patients with and without signs of leukemic involvement by imaging (P = 0.53). CONCLUSIONS Radiological imaging of asymptomatic children with CNS leukemia at diagnosis lacks clinical importance, but may be useful in patients with cranial nerve symptoms and negative CSF, as well as for follow-up. Imaging of symptomatic patients is warranted in order to exclude other causes underlying the symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Ranta
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maarit Palomäki
- Department of Radiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mette Levinsen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mervi Taskinen
- Children and Adolescents Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Mellgren
- Department of Pediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Medicine, The Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Pediatrics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mats Heyman
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Levinsen M, Marquart HV, Groth-Pedersen L, Abrahamsson J, Albertsen BK, Andersen MK, Frandsen TL, Harila-Saari A, Pronk C, Ulvmoen A, Vaitkevičienė G, Lähteenmäki PM, Niinimäki R, Taskinen M, Jeppesen M, Schmiegelow K. Leukemic blasts are present at low levels in spinal fluid in one-third of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63:1935-42. [PMID: 27447373 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is associated with relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is a diagnostic challenge. PROCEDURE In a Nordic/Baltic prospective study, we assessed centralized flow cytometry (FCM) of locally fixed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples versus local conventional cytospin-based cytology (CC) for detecting leukemic cells and evaluating kinetics of elimination of leukemic cells in CSF. RESULTS Among 300 patients with newly diagnosed ALL, 87 (29%) had CSF involvement by FCM, while CC was positive in 30 (10%) of 299 patients with available CC data (P < 0.001). Patients with FCM+/CC+ had higher CSF leukemic blast counts compared to patients positive by FCM only (medians: 0.10 vs. 0.017 leukemic blasts/μl, P = 0.006). Patients positive by FCM had higher white blood cell counts in peripheral blood than patients negative by FCM (medians: 45 × 10(9) /l vs. 10 × 10(9) /l, P < 0.001), were younger (medians: 3 years vs. 4 years, P = 0.03), and more frequently had T-cell ALL (18/87 vs. 16/213, P = 0.001). At treatment day 15, five of 52 patients (10%) who had CSF positive by FCM at diagnosis remained so despite at least two doses of weekly intrathecal chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Longer follow-up is needed to clarify whether FCM positivity has prognostic significance and is an indicator for intensified CNS-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Levinsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne V Marquart
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Groth-Pedersen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Mette K Andersen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas L Frandsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Pediatrics, Astrid Lindgrens Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cornelis Pronk
- Department of Pediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Aina Ulvmoen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Goda Vaitkevičienė
- Centre for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Riitta Niinimäki
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Taskinen
- Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Jeppesen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York.
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50
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Ahomäki R, Harila-Saari A, Matomäki J, Lähteenmäki PM. Non-graduation after comprehensive school, and early retirement but not unemployment are prominent in childhood cancer survivors-a Finnish registry-based study. J Cancer Surviv 2016; 11:284-294. [PMID: 27714627 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-016-0574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to assess neurocognitive and social outcomes after childhood cancer, we explored the educational and vocational attainments of Finnish survivors in comparison to matched population controls. METHODS From national registries, we identified survivors (n = 3243) born from 1960 to 1992 and aged below 16 at cancer diagnosis (years 1964-2009) as well as their controls (n = 16,215). Data on educational achievements, yearly income, employment status, and retirement were retrieved from Statistics Finland. RESULTS The median (range) age at study was 28 (17-50) years. The proportion of those with no education after comprehensive school was higher than controls for all the diagnostic groups: brain tumor (BT) (33.5 vs 23.0 %), solid tumor (ST) (25.0 vs 21.4 %), and leukemia/NHL (29.2 vs 23.1 %). Odds ratios (OR) for unemployment were not significantly elevated in any survivor group compared to controls, but OR for being retired was elevated in each survivor group (BT 14.8, ST 2.2, leukemia/NHL 4.0). Irradiation significantly increased that OR only in BT survivors. Leukemia/NHL survivors treated after 1992 had lower risk for early retirement (OR 0.6) compared to those diagnosed earlier. CONCLUSIONS Survivors had higher frequencies than controls for lacking further education after comprehensive school. Unemployment was not common, but risk for early retirement was significantly increased in each three survivor group. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Reassuring is that premature retirement was less common during the most recent treatment era. Screening and follow-up of psychosocial performance more effectively might be essential, and there is a need for studies on possibility for effective rehabilitation of the survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritva Ahomäki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Turku University Hospital, Tuijulankatu 24, 20540, Turku, Finland.
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Oulu University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaakko Matomäki
- The University of Turku, Turun Yliopisto, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi M Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
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