1
|
Cacho F, Srinivasan S, Schoumacher R, Hamilton R, Ledbetter J, Moser M, Callison J, Mathes R, Quintero D, Metcalf A, Eastman S, Tolle J, Rushing S, Brown R. 346: Tennessee cystic fibrosis clinical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [PMCID: PMC8518430 DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01770-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
2
|
Robinson P, Jones S, Metcalf A, Bond A. 225 The Management of Acute Cholecystitis in a District General setting: An Audit of Practice. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy during index admission with acute cholecystitis (AC) are multiple. As such, current NICE guidelines dictate that adults with AC undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 1 week of diagnosis. However, significant variation exists with regards to the management of such patients. Here we present the results of an audit of practice at a UK district general hospital and suggest that this standard can be achieved regardless of hospital.
Method
Electronic database search at Salisbury District Hospital over a period of 12 months to identify all patients with a coded diagnosis of AC. Electronic Discharge System (EDS) was consulted to assess whether patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 7 days of diagnosis. Notes were reviewed for all patients who failed to meet this target to ascertain reasons why.
Results
Of the 336 patients coded as AC 8 were excluded due to incorrect coding leaving 328. 285 patients (87%) underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 7 days. Of the 43 that did not, 31 (65%) had clinically justified reasons for delay. 285/297 (96%) patients met the NICE standard.
Conclusions
At Salisbury District Hospital 87% patients presenting with AC underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 7 days. Common reasons for failure included: Awaiting further investigation (i.e., ERCP / MRCP), unfit for operative management, patient choice. Excluding justifiable reasons 96% of patients met NICE standards. Poor documentation was the most common cause for failure. Subsequent education and re-audit showed significant improvement. This audit exemplifies that NICE standards for the management of AC can be achieved in a district general setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Robinson
- Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - S Jones
- Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - A Metcalf
- Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - A Bond
- Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rothwell E, Johnson E, Mathiesen A, Golden K, Metcalf A, Rose NC, Botkin JR. Experiences among Women with Positive Prenatal Expanded Carrier Screening Results. J Genet Couns 2016; 26:690-696. [PMID: 27796679 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-016-0037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The offering and acceptance of expanded carrier screening is increasing among pregnant women including women without an increased risk based on race, ethnicity or family history. The chances of a positive screening test have been reported to be as high as 24 % when multiple conditions are screened. Yet, little is known about the way these tests are offered and how patients are affected by a positive test result. To explore this area of genetic testing, interviews (n = 17) were conducted among women who received positive expanded carrier results in the context of obstetric care. A content analysis was conducted on the transcript data from the interviews. Outcomes of this research suggest that educational interventions are needed to improve maternal understanding of positive carrier screening results. Most of the participants in this study confused the results with other prenatal screening test options. In addition, the way the results were discussed varied greatly, and influenced participants' thoughts about reproductive decisions that led to a range of emotional uncertainty. Our data suggests that genetic counseling improved participants' understanding of positive results. More research is needed to further understand if our results are consistent within a larger, more diverse sample, and to explore how to best provide education about expanded carrier screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Rothwell
- Division of Health Systems and Community-Based Care, College of Nursing, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. .,Division of Medical Ethics and Humanities, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Erin Johnson
- Division of Health Systems and Community-Based Care, College of Nursing, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Amber Mathiesen
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of ObGyn, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kylie Golden
- Division of Health Systems and Community-Based Care, College of Nursing, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Audrey Metcalf
- Division of Health Systems and Community-Based Care, College of Nursing, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Nancy C Rose
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Botkin
- Division of Medical Ethics and Humanities, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Metcalf A, Abner E, Schmitt F, Kryscio R, Stiles N, Jicha G. Frontal Release Signs Predict Decline in Subjects with Intact Cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment (P01.082). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
5
|
Metcalf A. Anorectal disorders. Five common causes of pain, itching, and bleeding. Postgrad Med 1995; 98:81-4, 87-9, 92-4. [PMID: 7479460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhoids are a common source of anorectal symptoms, which are determined by their size. A helpful measure in small hemorrhoids is a high-fiber diet; in moderate lesions, ligature therapy is effective. Surgery should be reserved for large hemorrhoids. Anal fissures, probably caused by trauma to the anal canal during defecation, may persist because of a cycle of hard stools, pain, and reflex spasm. A high-fiber diet and sitz baths relieve acute fissures. Lateral partial internal sphincterotomy is usually effective when they become chronic. Perianal abscess is often caused by acute infection of the anal glands; fistula is the result of chronic infection. Swelling and induration may be present. Pain is throbbing and continuous, and perianal examination may require use of an anesthetic. Incision and drainage with follow-up to ensure resolution of infection is required. Pruritus ani may result from several contributing conditions or may be idiopathic. Restoration of dry, intact perianal skin is the treatment goal. Patients should be taught gentle hygiene and drying methods and advised to avoid caffeine or other dietary items that seem to exacerbate symptoms. Condylomata acuminata cause bleeding and pain if allowed to progress. Biopsy should be considered in patients at risk of dysplasia. Repeated application of caustic topical agents may help small lesions. Large, extensive, and persistent lesions require surgical ablation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Metcalf
- Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
To assess the efficacy of misoprostol in the treatment of patients with severe chronic constipation, nine such patients were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study of misoprostol (1200 micrograms/day) or placebo, that lasted three weeks. During this period each patient received the drug for one week and placebo for another with a week washout period in between. A colonic transit study, using radiopaque markers, was performed during each of the treatment weeks, while the number of stools and their total weight was recorded by each patient for the appropriate periods. Colonic transit time was significantly and consistently decreased by misoprostol compared to placebo [66 hr +/- 10.2 vs 109.4 hr +/- 8.1 (P = 0.0005)]. Misoprostol significantly increased the total stool weight per week [976.5 g +/- 288.8 vs 434.6 g +/- 190.5 (P = 0.001)] and also significantly increased the number of stools per week compared to placebo [6.5 +/- 1.3 vs 2.5 +/- 0.11 (P = 0.01)]. The incidence of abdominal pain was similar in both groups. We concluded that misoprostol, during a short trial period, proved effective in increasing the frequency and weight of bowel movements and decreasing colonic transit time in patients with severe chronic constipation. It may be used as a therapeutic measure to treat such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E E Soffer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mundigl O, Matteoli M, Daniell L, Thomas-Reetz A, Metcalf A, Jahn R, De Camilli P. Synaptic vesicle proteins and early endosomes in cultured hippocampal neurons: differential effects of Brefeldin A in axon and dendrites. J Cell Biol 1993; 122:1207-21. [PMID: 8376458 PMCID: PMC2119847 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.122.6.1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathways of synaptic vesicle (SV) biogenesis and recycling are still poorly understood. We have studied the effects of Brefeldin A (BFA) on the distribution of several SV membrane proteins (synaptophysin, synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin, p29, SV2 and rab3A) and on endosomal markers to investigate the relationship between SVs and the membranes with which they interact in cultured hippocampal neurons developing in isolation. In these neurons, SV proteins are detected as punctate immunoreactivity that is concentrated in axons but is also present in perikarya and dendrites. In the same neurons, the transferrin receptor, a well established marker of early endosomes, is selectively concentrated in perikarya and dendrites. In the perikaryal-dendritic region, BFA induced a dramatic tubulation of transferrin receptors as well as a cotubulation of the bulk of synaptophysin. Synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin, p29 and SV2 immunoreactivities retained a primarily punctate distribution. No tubulation of rab3A was observed. In axons, BFA did not produce any obvious alteration of the distribution of SV proteins, nor of peroxidase- or Lucifer yellow-labeled early endosomes. The selective effect of BFA on dendritic membranes suggests the existence of functional differences between the endocytic systems in dendrites and axons. Cotubulation of transferrin receptors and synaptophysin in the perikaryal-dendritic region is consistent with a functional interconnection between the traffic of SV proteins and early endosomes. The heterogeneous effects of BFA on SV proteins in this cell region indicates that SV proteins are differentially sorted upon exit from the TGN and are coassembled into SVs at the cell periphery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Mundigl
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
We present a case in which the classical histopathologic features associated with collagenous colitis were present throughout the colectomy specimen of a 69-year-old woman operated on for life-long intractable idiopathic constipation. This patient had never suffered from episodes of watery diarrhea. The reasons for this paradox are unclear, but suggest that a thickened collagen table and damaged surface epithelium may not be entirely specific pathologic findings marking the clinicopathological syndrome of collagenous colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Leigh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Takei K, Stukenbrok H, Metcalf A, Mignery GA, Südhof TC, Volpe P, De Camilli P. Ca2+ stores in Purkinje neurons: endoplasmic reticulum subcompartments demonstrated by the heterogeneous distribution of the InsP3 receptor, Ca(2+)-ATPase, and calsequestrin. J Neurosci 1992; 12:489-505. [PMID: 1311032 PMCID: PMC6575620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of second messenger-responsive intracellular Ca2+ stores in neurons remains open for discussion. Here, we demonstrate the existence in Purkinje cells (PCs) of endoplastic reticulum (ER) subcompartments characterized by an uneven distribution of three proteins involved in Ca2+ storage and release: the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptor, Ca(2+)-ATPase, and calsequestrin. Ca(2+)-ATPase and the InsP3 receptor have a widespread, although not identical, distribution throughout the ER. Calsequestrin is localized throughout the smooth ER and is particularly concentrated in pleiomorphic vesicles with a moderately electron-dense core, which appear to represent a subcompartment of the smooth ER. In double-labeling experiments many of these vesicles were unlabeled by InsP3 receptor antibodies. These results suggest a key role of the ER as an intracellular Ca2+ store and demonstrate a possible structural basis for distinct intracellular Ca2+ pools regulated by different second messengers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Takei
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Of 92 women undergoing proctocolectomy with ileal "J" pouch-anal anastomosis, between January 1981 and May 1983, six have successfully conceived and carried a pregnancy to term. Three patients had transient deterioration of anorectal function during the third trimester of pregnancy which resolved after delivery. Four patients delivered vaginally without perceptible alteration in subsequent continence. Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is compatible with normal childbearing postoperatively. The route of delivery should be individualized in these patients.
Collapse
|