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Petelet-Giraud E, Cary L, Cary P, Bertrand G, Giglio-Jacquemot A, Hirata R, Aquilina L, Alves LM, Martins V, Melo AM, Montenegro S, Chatton E, Franzen M, Aurouet A. Multi-layered water resources, management, and uses under the impacts of global changes in a southern coastal metropolis: When will it be already too late? Crossed analysis in Recife, NE Brazil. Sci Total Environ 2018; 618:645-657. [PMID: 29056379 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Coastal water resources are a worldwide key socio-environmental issue considering the increasing concentration of population in these areas. Here, we propose an integrative transdisciplinary approach of water resource, water management and water access in Recife (NE Brazil). The present-day water situation is conceptualized as an imbricated multi-layered system: a multi-layered water resource, managed by a multi-layered governance system and used by a multi-layered social population. This allows identifying processes of quantitative, qualitative, and sanitary conflicts between governance and population strategies regarding water supply, as well as the institutional and individual denials of these conflicts. Based on this model, we anticipate future water-related problematic fates. Concerning the water resource system, the rapid groundwater level decrease due to unsustainable water predatory strategies, and the very low recharge rate have drastically modified the aquifer system functioning, inducing hydraulic connection between shallow groundwater (contaminated and locally salty) and deep ones (mostly fresh, with local inherited salinity), threatening the deep strategic water resource. Concerning the water governance system, the investments to increase the capacity storage of surface water, the water regulation agencies and the public/private partnership should shortly improve the water supply and wastewater issue. Nevertheless, the water situation will remain highly fragile due to the expected water demand increase, the precipitation decrease and the sea-level increase. Concerning the water access system, the population variably perceives these current and further effects and the possible mitigation policies, and develops alternative individual strategies. Authorities, policymakers and water managers will have to implement a well-balanced water governance, taking into account the specificities of the PPP, public and private groundwater users, and with a strong political willingness for a sustainable water management to ensure water supply for all the population. In other words, an anticipatory and integrated vision is necessary to reduce the discrepancies in this complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lise Cary
- BRGM, French Geological Survey, 3 Av. C. Guillemin, 45060 Orléans, France
| | - Paul Cary
- CERIES, ,University of Lille 3, 59650 Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | - Guillaume Bertrand
- Civil Engineering Department, UFPE, 50740 Recife, Brazil; CEPAS, Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Hirata
- CEPAS, Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luc Aquilina
- OSUR-Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1 - CNRS, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Lincoln Muniz Alves
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (CCST/INPE), São Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Veridiana Martins
- CEPAS, Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Melo
- CERIES, ,University of Lille 3, 59650 Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France
| | | | - Eliot Chatton
- OSUR-Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1 - CNRS, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Melissa Franzen
- CPRM, Brazilian Geological Survey, Avenida Sul 2291, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Axel Aurouet
- Géo-Hyd, 101 rue Jacques Charles, 45160 Olivet, France
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Chatton E, Aquilina L, Pételet-Giraud E, Cary L, Bertrand G, Labasque T, Hirata R, Martins V, Montenegro S, Vergnaud V, Aurouet A, Kloppmann W. Glacial recharge, salinisation and anthropogenic contamination in the coastal aquifers of Recife (Brazil). Sci Total Environ 2016; 569-570:1114-1125. [PMID: 27387803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Implying large residence times and complex water origins deep coastal aquifers are of particular interest as they are remarkable markers of climate, water use and land use changes. Over the last decades, the Metropolitan Region of Recife (Brazil) went through extensive environmental changes increasing the pressure on water resources and giving rise to numerous environmental consequences on the coastal groundwater systems. We analysed the groundwater of the deep aquifers Cabo and Beberibe that are increasingly exploited. The processes potentially affecting groundwater residence times and flow paths have been studied using a multi-tracer approach (CFCs, SF6, noble gases, 14C, 2H and 18O). The main findings of these investigations show that: (1) Groundwaters of the Cabo and Beberibe aquifers have long residence times and were recharged about 20,000years ago. (2) Within these old groundwaters we can find palaeo-climate evidences from the last glacial period at the tropics with lower temperatures and dryer conditions than the present climate. (3) Recently, the natural slow dynamic of these groundwater systems was significantly affected by mixing processes with contaminated modern groundwater coming from the shallow unconfined Boa Viagem aquifer. (4) The large exploitation of these aquifers leads to a modification of the flow directions and causes the intrusion through palaeo-channels of saline water probably coming from the Capibaribe River and from the last transgression episodes. These observations indicate that the current exploitation of the Cabo and Beberibe aquifers is unsustainable regarding the long renewal times of these groundwater systems as well as their ongoing contamination and salinisation. The groundwater cycle being much slower than the human development rhythm, it is essential to integrate the magnitude and rapidity of anthropogenic impacts on this extremely slow cycle to the water management concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chatton
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, adress: 263 av du général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, bat 15, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - L Aquilina
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, adress: 263 av du général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, bat 15, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - E Pételet-Giraud
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), adress: 3 avenue Claude-Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - L Cary
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), adress: 3 avenue Claude-Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - G Bertrand
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (Groundwater Research Center), University of São Paulo, adress: Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - T Labasque
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, adress: 263 av du général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, bat 15, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - R Hirata
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (Groundwater Research Center), University of São Paulo, adress: Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - V Martins
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (Groundwater Research Center), University of São Paulo, adress: Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - S Montenegro
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidade Federal Pernambuco, adress: Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, n° 1235, bairro Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil.
| | - V Vergnaud
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, adress: 263 av du général Leclerc, Campus de Beaulieu, bat 15, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - A Aurouet
- GeoHyd, adress: Parc technologique du Clos du Moulin, 101 rue Jacques Charles, 45160 Olivet, France.
| | - W Kloppmann
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), adress: 3 avenue Claude-Guillemin, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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Bertrand G, Hirata R, Pauwels H, Cary L, Petelet-Giraud E, Chatton E, Aquilina L, Labasque T, Martins V, Montenegro S, Batista J, Aurouet A, Santos J, Bertolo R, Picot G, Franzen M, Hochreutener R, Braibant G. Groundwater contamination in coastal urban areas: Anthropogenic pressure and natural attenuation processes. Example of Recife (PE State, NE Brazil). J Contam Hydrol 2016; 192:165-180. [PMID: 27500748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In a context of increasing land use pressure (over-exploitation, surface-water contamination) and repeated droughts, identifying the processes affecting groundwater quality in coastal megacities of the tropical and arid countries will condition their long-term social and environmental sustainability. The present study focuses on the Brazilian Recife Metropolitan Region (RMR), which is a highly urbanized area (3,743,854 inhabitants in 2010) on the Atlantic coast located next to an estuarial zone and overlying a multi-layered sedimentary system featured by a variable sediment texture and organic content. It investigates the contamination and redox status patterns conditioning potential attenuation within the shallow aquifers that constitute the interface between the city and the strategic deeper semi-confined aquifers. These latter are increasingly exploited, leading to high drawdown in potenciometric levels of 20-30m and up to 70m in some high well density places, and potentially connected to the surface through leakage. From a multi-tracer approach (major ions, major gases, δ(11)B, δ(18)O-SO4, δ(34)S-SO4) carried out during two field campaigns in September 2012 and March 2013 (sampling of 19 wells and 3 surface waters), it has been possible to assess the contamination sources and the redox processes. The increasing trend for mineralization from inland to coastal and estuarial wells (from 119 to around 10,000μS/cm) is at first attributed to water-rock interactions combined with natural and human-induced potentiometric gradients. Secondly, along with this trend, one finds an environmental pressure gradient related to sewage and/or surface-channel network impacts (typically depleted δ(11)B within the range of 10-15‰) that are purveyors of chloride, nitrate, ammonium and sulfate. Nitrate, ammonium and sulfate (ranging from 0 to 1.70mmol/L, from 0 to 0,65mmol/L, from 0.03 to 3.91mmol/L respectively are also potentially produced or consumed through various redox processes (pyrite oxidation, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium) within the system, as is apparent within a patchwork of biogeochemical reactors. Furthermore, intensive pumping in the coastal area with its high well density punctually leads to temporary well salinization ([Cl] reaching temporarily 79mmol/L). Our results, summarized as a conceptual scheme based on environmental conditions, is a suitable basis for implementing sustainable management in coastal sedimentary hydrosystems influenced by highly urbanized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bertrand
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (GroundwaterResearch Center), University of São Paulo, Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - R Hirata
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (GroundwaterResearch Center), University of São Paulo, Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - H Pauwels
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 3 Avenue Claude-Guillemin BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - L Cary
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 3 Avenue Claude-Guillemin BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - E Petelet-Giraud
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 3 Avenue Claude-Guillemin BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - E Chatton
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - L Aquilina
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - T Labasque
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - V Martins
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (GroundwaterResearch Center), University of São Paulo, Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - S Montenegro
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidade Federal Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, n° 1235, bairro Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil.
| | - J Batista
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (GroundwaterResearch Center), University of São Paulo, Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A Aurouet
- GeoHyd, Parc technologique du Clos du Moulin, 101 rue Jacques Charles, 45160 Olivet, France.
| | - J Santos
- Civil Engineering Department, Universidade Federal Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, n° 1235, bairro Cidade Universitária, Recife, Brazil.
| | - R Bertolo
- Instituto de Geociências, CEPAS (GroundwaterResearch Center), University of São Paulo, Rua do lago 562, 05508-080 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - G Picot
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 3 Avenue Claude-Guillemin BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | - M Franzen
- CPRM, Brazilian Geological Service, Av. Sul, 2291, 50770-011 Recife - PE, Recife, Brazil.
| | - R Hochreutener
- Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1-CNRS, UMR 6118, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - G Braibant
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 3 Avenue Claude-Guillemin BP 36009, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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Cary L, Petelet-Giraud E, Bertrand G, Kloppmann W, Aquilina L, Martins V, Hirata R, Montenegro S, Pauwels H, Chatton E, Franzen M, Aurouet A. Origins and processes of groundwater salinization in the urban coastal aquifers of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil): A multi-isotope approach. Sci Total Environ 2015; 530-531:411-429. [PMID: 26063126 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the coastal multilayer aquifer system of a highly urbanized southern city (Recife, Brazil), where groundwaters are affected by salinization, a multi-isotope approach (Sr, B, O, H) was used to investigate the sources and processes of salinization. The high diversity of the geological bodies, built since the Atlantic opening during the Cretaceous, highly constrains the heterogeneity of the groundwater chemistry, e.g. Sr isotope ratios, and needs to be integrated to explain the salinization processes and groundwater pathways. A paleoseawater intrusion, most probably the 120 kyB.P. Pleistocene marine transgression, and cationic exchange are clearly evidenced in the most salinized parts of the Cabo and Beberibe aquifers. All (87)Sr/(86)Sr values are above the past and present-day seawater signatures, meaning that the Sr isotopic signature is altered due to additional Sr inputs from dilution with different freshwaters, and water-rock interactions. Only the Cabo aquifer presents a well-delimitated area of Na-HCO3 water typical of a freshening process. The two deep aquifers also display a broad range of B concentrations and B isotope ratios with values among the highest known to date (63-68.5‰). This suggests multiple sources and processes affecting B behavior, among which mixing with saline water, B sorption on clays and mixing with wastewater. The highly fractionated B isotopic values were explained by infiltration of relatively salty water with B interacting with clays, pointing out the major role played by (palaeo)-channels for the deep Beberibe aquifer recharge. Based on an increase of salinity at the end of the dry season, a present-day seawater intrusion is identified in the surficial Boa Viagem aquifer. Our conceptual model presents a comprehensive understanding of the major groundwater salinization pathways and processes, and should be of benefit for other southern Atlantic coastal aquifers to better address groundwater management issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Cary
- BRGM French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
| | | | - Guillaume Bertrand
- Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562 Butantã, 05508-080 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wolfram Kloppmann
- BRGM French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Luc Aquilina
- OSUR-Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1 - CNRS, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Veridiana Martins
- Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562 Butantã, 05508-080 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Hirata
- Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562 Butantã, 05508-080 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suzana Montenegro
- Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Hélène Pauwels
- BRGM French Geological Survey, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Eliot Chatton
- OSUR-Géosciences Rennes, Université Rennes 1 - CNRS, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Melissa Franzen
- CPRM, Brazilian Geologic Survey, Avenida Sul 2291, Recife PE, Brazil
| | - Axel Aurouet
- Géo-Hyd, 101 rue Jacques Charles, 45160 Olivet, France
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Mollet L, Robinet P, Dubois M, Aurouet A, Normand T, Charpentier S, Sureau A, Grandclement C, Garnache-Ottou F, Deconinck E, Brulé F, Rohrlich PS, Legrand A. Opposing Mcl-1, the GALIG proapoptotic gene is upregulated as neutrophils die and underexpressed in Acute Myeloid Leukemia cells. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:123-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chevallier D, Handrich Y, Georges JY, Baillon F, Brossault P, Aurouet A, Le Maho Y, Massemin S. Influence of weather conditions on the flight of migrating black storks. Proc Biol Sci 2010; 277:2755-64. [PMID: 20427337 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the potential influence of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, wind direction, thermal convection) on different migration characteristics (namely flight speed, altitude and direction and daily distance) in 16 black storks (Ciconia nigra). The birds were tracked by satellite during their entire autumnal and spring migration, from 1998 to 2006. Our data reveal that during their 27-day-long migration between Europe and Africa (mean distance of 4100 km), the periods of maximum flight activity corresponded to periods of maximum thermal energy, underlining the importance of atmospheric thermal convection in the migratory flight of the black stork. In some cases, tailwind was recorded at the same altitude and position as the birds, and was associated with a significant rise in flight speed, but wind often produced a side azimuth along the birds' migratory route. Whatever the season, the distance travelled daily was on average shorter in Europe than in Africa, with values of 200 and 270 km d(-1), respectively. The fastest instantaneous flight speeds of up to 112 km h(-1) were also observed above Africa. This observation confirms the hypothesis of thermal-dependant flight behaviour, and also reveals differences in flight costs between Europe and Africa. Furthermore, differences in food availability, a crucial factor for black storks during their flight between Europe and Africa, may also contribute to the above-mentioned shift in daily flight speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chevallier
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Département d'Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, ULP, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, , 23 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France.
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