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Shaikh B, Smith LP, Vasilescu D, Marupilla G, Wilson M, Agmon E, Agnew H, Andrews SS, Anwar A, Beber ME, Bergmann FT, Brooks D, Brusch L, Calzone L, Choi K, Cooper J, Detloff J, Drawert B, Dumontier M, Ermentrout G, Faeder J, Freiburger A, Fröhlich F, Funahashi A, Garny A, Gennari J, Gleeson P, Goelzer A, Haiman Z, Hasenauer J, Hellerstein J, Hermjakob H, Hoops S, Ison J, Jahn D, Jakubowski H, Jordan R, Kalaš M, König M, Liebermeister W, Sheriff RM, Mandal S, McDougal R, Medley J, Mendes P, Müller R, Myers C, Naldi A, Nguyen TVN, Nickerson D, Olivier B, Patoliya D, Paulevé L, Petzold L, Priya A, Rampadarath A, Rohwer JM, Saglam A, Singh D, Sinha A, Snoep J, Sorby H, Spangler R, Starruß J, Thomas P, van Niekerk D, Weindl D, Zhang F, Zhukova A, Goldberg A, Schaff J, Blinov M, Sauro H, Moraru I, Karr J. BioSimulators: a central registry of simulation engines and services for recommending specific tools. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:W108-W114. [PMID: 35524558 PMCID: PMC9252793 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational models have great potential to accelerate bioscience, bioengineering, and medicine. However, it remains challenging to reproduce and reuse simulations, in part, because the numerous formats and methods for simulating various subsystems and scales remain siloed by different software tools. For example, each tool must be executed through a distinct interface. To help investigators find and use simulation tools, we developed BioSimulators (https://biosimulators.org), a central registry of the capabilities of simulation tools and consistent Python, command-line and containerized interfaces to each version of each tool. The foundation of BioSimulators is standards, such as CellML, SBML, SED-ML and the COMBINE archive format, and validation tools for simulation projects and simulation tools that ensure these standards are used consistently. To help modelers find tools for particular projects, we have also used the registry to develop recommendation services. We anticipate that BioSimulators will help modelers exchange, reproduce, and combine simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Shaikh
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Dan Vasilescu
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Michael Wilson
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Eran Agmon
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Azraf Anwar
- New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | | | | | - David Brooks
- University of Auckland, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lutz Brusch
- Technical University of Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Kiri Choi
- Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 02455 Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joshua Cooper
- University of North Carolina, Asheville, Ashville, NC 28804, USA
| | | | - Brian Drawert
- University of North Carolina, Asheville, Ashville, NC 28804, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alan Garny
- University of Auckland, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Anne Goelzer
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MaIAGE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Zachary Haiman
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Stefan Hoops
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Jon C Ison
- CNRS, UMS 3601, Institut Français de Bioinformatique, IFB-core, 91000 Évry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Diego Jahn
- Technical University of Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henry V Jakubowski
- College of Saint Benedict and Saint John’s University, St. Joseph, MN 56374, USA
| | - Ryann Jordan
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rahuman S Malik Sheriff
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Pedro Mendes
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Robert Müller
- Technical University of Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Chris J Myers
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder CO, 80309, USA
| | - Aurelien Naldi
- Inria Saclay - Île-de-France Research Centre, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Tung V N Nguyen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory - European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Brett G Olivier
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Drashti Patoliya
- Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology, Surat, Gujarat 395001, India
| | - Loïc Paulevé
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Linda R Petzold
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Ankita Priya
- Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand 835215, India
| | | | | | - Ali S Saglam
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | | | - Ankur Sinha
- University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jacky Snoep
- Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - Hugh Sorby
- University of Auckland, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ryan Spangler
- Allen Institute for Cell Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jörn Starruß
- Technical University of Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Daniel Weindl
- Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH and German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fengkai Zhang
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | - James C Schaff
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA,Applied BioMath LLC, Concord, MA 01742, USA
| | - Michael L Blinov
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Ion I Moraru
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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Islam MZ, Krajewska M, Hossain SI, Prochaska K, Anwar A, Deplazes E, Saha SC. Concentration-Dependent Effect of the Steroid Drug Prednisolone on a Lung Surfactant Monolayer. Langmuir 2022; 38:4188-4199. [PMID: 35344368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The lung surfactant monolayer (LSM) is the main barrier for particles entering the lung, including steroid drugs used to treat lung diseases. The present study combines Langmuir experiments and coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the concentration-dependent effect of steroid drug prednisolone on the structure and morphology of a model LSM. The surface pressure-area isotherms for the Langmuir monolayers reveal a concentration-dependent decrease in area per lipid (APL). Results from simulations at a fixed surface tension, representing inhalation and exhalation conditions, suggest that at high drug concentrations, prednisolone induces a collapse of the LSM, which is likely caused by the inability of the drug to diffuse into the bilayer. Overall, the monolayer is most susceptible to drug-induced collapse at surface tensions representing exhalation conditions. The presence of cholesterol also exacerbates the instability. The findings of this investigation might be helpful for better understanding the interaction between steroid drug prednisolone and lung surfactants in relation to off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zohurul Islam
- School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Martyna Krajewska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Sheikh I Hossain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Krystyna Prochaska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Azraf Anwar
- Independent Researcher, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Evelyne Deplazes
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Suvash C Saha
- School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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Kale S, Anwar A, Gkikas C. 318 Monopolar Versus Bipolar TURBT: Bradford Experience. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac040.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To compare the safety and efficacy of monopolar vs bipolar TURBT.
Method
This was a randomized control trial done over 18 months with patients being allotted randomly into the bipolar and monopolar arms. The study was carried out in the department of urology at BRI and YC. All consecutive patients undergoing TURBT for suspected bladder tumors were eligible for the study. The diagnosis was based on imaging and/or cystoscopy. Exclusion criteria included refusal to participate, unfitness for spinal anesthesia, and lack of tumor in the lateral wall. The primary objective was to compare the incidence of obturator jerk in monopolar and bipolar TURBT. The secondary objective was to study and compare the quality of histopathology specimen, detrusor muscle identification, and bladder perforation.
Results
A total of 95 transurethral resections were done over the study period. All these patients were eligible for inclusion in the study, 50 in monopolar and 45 in the bipolar arms, were analyzed. Both the study groups were comparable for age, sex, and tumor size. The incidence of obturator jerk was greater in the bipolar arm (8.8 %% vs 2%, P- value=2.25). The difference in the incidence of obturator jerk in the two arms was not statistically significant (Chi-Square test). There was no significant difference in either of the secondary outcomes.
Conclusions
The bipolar transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was not superior to monopolar resection concerning the obturator jerk, bladder perforation, and histopathological quality of the resected specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kale
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - A. Anwar
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - C. Gkikas
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Rine Christopher Reuben
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (Idiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shovon Lal Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Pravas Chandra Roy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | | | - M. Anwar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka and Vice Chancellor, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Iqbal Kabir Jahid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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5
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Kasymjanova G, Anwar A, Sakr L, Cohen V, Small D, Wang H, Sultanem K, Pepe C, Friedmann J, Agulnik J. P31.01 Impact of COVID-19 on Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: A Retrospective Chart Review. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8523125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Arif M, Hussain N, Yasmeen A, Naz S, Anwar A, Mushtaq S, Iqbal J, Shaheen A, Aziz M, Bukhari SAH, Shah SH. Exogenous application of bio-stimulant and growth retardant improved the productivity of cotton cultivars under different planting arrangement. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e238812. [PMID: 34161424 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.238812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimum planting arrangement is an important attribute for efficient utilization of available resources and to obtain high yield of cotton. Application of plant growth promoter and retardant on cotton in improved planting density are the innovative techniques in the establishment of more productive cotton crop. Therefore, we planned a field study to assess the role of bio-stimulant and growth retardant in the resource utilization efficiency of cotton cultivars planted under variable row spacing at Agronomic Research Area Bahauddin Zakariya University and Usmania Agricultural Farm Shujabad during Kharif 2012. Experimental treatments consisted of cotton genotypes viz. CIM-573 and CIM-598, cultivated under conventional (75 cm), medium (50 cm) and ultra-narrow row spacing (25 cm) with foliar spray of bio-stimulant (moringa leaf extract) and growth retardant (mepiquate chloride), either sole or in combination, keeping distilled water as a control. Exogenously applied MLE alone and MLE + MC significantly enhanced the number of squares, flowers and green bolls per plant leading to higher cotton seed and lint yield of CIM 598 cultivar cultivated under conventional row spacing. While application of MC alone and MLE + MC produced maximum micronaire value, fiber strength and fiber uniformity ratio of CIM 573 cultivar cultivated under conventional row spacing. The results suggested that application of MLE is a possible approach to enhance the cotton productivity and the use of MC to enhance the fiber quality attributes under conventional row spacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arif
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.,Directorate of Land Reclamation, Irrigation Department Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - N Hussain
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Yasmeen
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Anwar
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Mushtaq
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA
| | - J Iqbal
- The Ismia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Shaheen
- Govt. Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Aziz
- Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S A H Bukhari
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S H Shah
- Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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7
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Hussain N, Anwar A, Yasmeen A, Arif M, Naz S, Bibi M, Iqbal J, Qadir I, Salim MN, Latif S. Resource use efficiency of cotton in improved vs conventional planting geometry with exogenous application of bio-stimulant and synthetic growth retardant. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:18-26. [PMID: 32074169 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.213951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth regulators and improved planting density are the innovative techniques in the establishment of more productive cotton crop. A field study was planned to assess the role of growth regulators in the resource utilization efficiency of cotton cultivars under different row spacing at Agronomic Research Area, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan and Usmania Agricultural Farm, Shujaabad during Kharif 2012. The study was comprised of cotton cultivars viz. CIM-573 and CIM-598, cultivated under conventional (75 cm), medium (50 cm) and improved ultra-narrow row spacing (25 cm) and foliar spray of growth regulators viz. moringa leaf extract (MLE) and mepiquat chloride (MC), either alone or in combination, distilled water as a control. The application of MLE alone and in combination (MLE + MC) showed the promoting effect on crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area index, leaf area duration, sympodial branches and number of bolls leading to higher seed cotton yield of both cotton cultivars grown under conventional row spacing. While application of MC averts the plant growth without considerably improving the productivity. MLE being rich source of growth promoting hormone and nutrients showed its potential to a far greater extent under conventional row spacing in efficient utilization of available resources compared to MC and distilled water.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hussain
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - A Anwar
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - A Yasmeen
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M Arif
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - S Naz
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M Bibi
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - J Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - I Qadir
- Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - M N Salim
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - S Latif
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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8
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Rahman MS, Islam MR, Hoque MN, Alam ASMRU, Akther M, Puspo JA, Akter S, Anwar A, Sultana M, Hossain MA. Comprehensive annotations of the mutational spectra of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: a fast and accurate pipeline. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:1625-1638. [PMID: 32954666 PMCID: PMC7646266 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Infecting millions of people, the SARS‐CoV‐2 is evolving at an unprecedented rate, demanding advanced and specified analytic pipeline to capture the mutational spectra. In order to explore mutations and deletions in the spike (S) protein — the most‐discussed protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 — we comprehensively analyzed 35,750 complete S protein‐coding sequences through a custom Python‐based pipeline. This GISAID‐collected dataset of until 24 June 2020 covered six continents and five major climate zones. We identified 27,801 (77.77% sequences) mutated strains compared to reference Wuhan‐Hu‐1 wherein 84.40% of these strains mutated by only a single amino acid (aa). An outlier strain (EPI_ISL_463893) from Bosnia and Herzegovina possessed six aa substitutions. We also identified 11 residues with high aa mutation frequency, and each contains four types of aa variations. The infamous D614G variant has spread worldwide with ever‐rising dominance and across regions with different climatic conditions alongside L5F and D936Y mutants, which have been documented throughout all regions and climate zones, respectively. We also found 988 unique aa substitutions spanned across 660 residues, which differed significantly among different continents (p = .003) and climatic zones (p = .021) as inferred with the Kruskal–Wallis test. Besides, 17 in‐frame deletions at four sites adjacent to receptor‐binding‐domain were determined that may have a possible impact on attenuation. This study provides a fast and accurate pipeline for identifying mutations and deletions from the large dataset for coding and also non‐coding sequences as evidenced by the representative analysis on existing S protein data. By using separate multi‐sequence alignment, removing ambiguous sequences and in‐frame stop codons, and utilizing pairwise alignment, this method can derive both synonymous and non‐synonymous mutations (strain_ID reference aa:mutation position:strain aa). We suggest that the pipeline will aid in the evolutionary surveillance of any SARS‐CoV‐2 encoded proteins and will prove to be crucial in tracking the ever‐increasing variation of many other divergent RNA viruses in the future. The code is available at https://github.com/SShaminur/Mutation-Analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad Nazmul Hoque
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Health, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | | | - Masuda Akther
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Joynob Akter Puspo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Salma Akter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.,Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Munawar Sultana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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9
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Islam OK, Al-Emran HM, Hasan MS, Anwar A, Jahid MIK, Hossain MA. Emergence of European and North American mutant variants of SARS-CoV-2 in South-East Asia. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:824-832. [PMID: 32701194 PMCID: PMC7405211 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic, with an ongoing toll of over 5 million infections and 333 thousand deaths worldwide within the first 5 months. Insight into the phylodynamics and mutation variants of this virus is vital to understanding the nature of its spread in different climate conditions. The incidence rate of COVID-19 is increasing at an alarming pace within subtropical South-East Asian nations with high temperatures and humidity. To understand this spread, we analysed 444 genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 available on the GISAID platform from six South-East Asian countries. Multiple sequence alignments and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses were performed to analyse and characterize the non-synonymous (NS) mutant variants circulating in this region. Global mutation distribution analysis showed that the majority of the mutations found in this region are also prevalent in Europe and North America, and the concurrent presence of these mutations at a high frequency in other countries indicates possible transmission routes. Unique spike protein and non-structural protein mutations were observed circulating within confined area of a given country. We divided the circulating viral strains into four major groups and three subgroups on the basis of the most frequent NS mutations. Strains with a unique set of four co-evolving mutations were found to be circulating at a high frequency within India, specifically. Group 2 strains characterized by two co-evolving NS mutants which alter in RdRp (P323L) and spike (S) protein (D614G) were found to be common in Europe and North America. These European and North American variants have rapidly emerged as dominant strains within South-East Asia, increasing from a 0% prevalence in January to an 81% by May 2020. These variants may have an evolutionary advantage over their ancestral types and could present a large threat to South-East Asia for the coming winter.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Md Shazid Hasan
- Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md Anwar Hossain
- Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh.,University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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10
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Md Hasan
- Jashore University of Science & Technology
| | | | - Md Jahid
- Jashore University of Science & Technology
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Putri A, Anwar A, Chasanah E, Fawzya Y, Martosuyono P, Nuryanto, Afifah D. Analysis of iron, calcium and zinc contents in formulated fish protein hydrolyzate (FPH) complementary feeding instant powder. Food Res 2020. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.4(s3).s09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Complementary feeding is a transition of the baby's intake over 6 months to meet the
nutritional needs in addition to breast milk. Complementary feeding should contain
complete nutritional components especially in minerals. Minerals are elements needed by
the body for the overall body function. Children require calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc
(Zn) for their body growth to prevent stunting. This study was aimed to analyse Ca, Fe
and Zn content in the formulated fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) complementary feeding
porridge. A total of three formulations were produced namely F1, F2 and F3 and analysed
for mineral content following AOAC method 999.11. From the analysis, F3 had the
highest Fe content (38.547 mg/100 g) and Zn content (5.751 mg/100 g) while F1 had the
highest Ca content (65.152 mg/100 g). Overall, F3 had the best mineral content to be
formulated as a suitable FPH complementary feeding instant powder.
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12
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Anwar A, Chan KMJ, Awang Y, Ping DC. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA): A case report. Med J Malaysia 2019; 74:436-438. [PMID: 31649223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery (AAOCA) is a rare anomaly of the coronary artery with a considerable risk of sudden cardiac death due to ischaemia of the heart. Symptoms may include chest pain on exertion, breathlessness or dizziness. We encountered a case of a 46- year-old female who complained of exertional chest pain with a positive-stress test and subsequently diagnosed with AAOCA through CT angiography (CTA). She successfully underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery using a saphenous vein graft with uneventful recovery. Right internal mammary artery (RIMA) was not used as it was flimsy and the flow was very poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anwar
- Cardiac Vascular Sentral Kuala Lumpur (CVSKL) Hospital, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - K M J Chan
- Cardiac Vascular Sentral Kuala Lumpur (CVSKL) Hospital, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Y Awang
- Cardiac Vascular Sentral Kuala Lumpur (CVSKL) Hospital, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - D C Ping
- Cardiac Vascular Sentral Kuala Lumpur (CVSKL) Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Anwar
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, U.A.R
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14
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Duric D, Anwar A, Green K, Edwards C, Singh I. 47BURDEN OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN ACUTE OLDER PATIENTS IN THE HOSPITAL: IMPACT OF QUALITY INITIATIVES. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz076.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Duric
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - A Anwar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - K Green
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - C Edwards
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - I Singh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
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Singh I, Hooton K, Edwards C, Lewis B, Anwar A, Johansen A. 75INPATIENT HIP FRACTURES: DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE, CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND RISK FACTORS. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz059.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Singh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Heath Board, Wales
| | - K Hooton
- Quality and Patient Safety, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - C Edwards
- Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - B Lewis
- Quality and Patient Safety, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - A Anwar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Heath Board, Wales
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Wells S, Evans L, Nelson A, Anwar A, Singh I, Aithal S. 102PREVALENCE OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND ITS IMPACT ON COGNITION IN PEOPLE WITH IDIOPATHIC PARKINSON’S DISEASE. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz064.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Wells
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - L Evans
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - A Nelson
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - A Anwar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - I Singh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - S Aithal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
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Anwar A, Duric D, Edwards C, Singh I. 50PROFILE OF FRAGILITY FRACTURE IN ACUTE DEMENTIA PATIENTS IN THE HOSPITAL SETTING. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz076.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Anwar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - D Duric
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - C Edwards
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
| | - I Singh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales
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Duric D, Musa SO, Rasuly A, Anwar A, Edwards C, Singh I. 96A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTELY UNWELL PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA: ANEURIN BEVAN UNIVERSITY HEALTH BOARD, WALES (UK). Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy202.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Duric
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales (UK)
| | - S O Musa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales (UK)
| | - A Rasuly
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales (UK)
| | - A Anwar
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales (UK)
| | - C Edwards
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales (UK)
| | - I Singh
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ysbyty Ystrad Fawr, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Wales (UK)
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Parikh K, Kumar A, Ahmed J, Anwar A, Puccio C, Chun H, Fanucchi M, Lim S. P3.04-10 Monocytes and Neutrophils as Predictive Markers of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Anwar A, Zaini J, Faisal A, Mumpuni S. P3.CR-26 Mediastinal Lipoma in Adult: A Case Report. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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El Tahlawi M, Anwar A, Gad M, Abdelsamie M. P531Relationship between lipid profile and coronary plaque burden in patients with low to intermediate pretest probability for coronary artery disease: evaluation by coronary CT angiography. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rehman H, Shaheen A, Anwar A, Ali S. Comparison of single versus double noncompression miniplates in the management of subcondylar fracture of the mandible. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ramakrishnan L, Anwar A, Wort JS, Quinlan GJ. P244 Haemoglobin mediated proliferation and il-6 release in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells: a role for cd163 and implications for pulmonary vascular remodelling. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Akbar S, Anwar A, Kanwal Q. Electrochemical determination of folic acid: A short review. Anal Biochem 2016; 510:98-105. [PMID: 27449133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) is an electroactive compound of biological origin. It helps our body to produce and maintain healthy cells. It can significantly reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects and also prevents change in DNA structure. FA deficiency can lead to various health risks. Therefore, a sensitive, specific, and reproducible way of FA detection is essential. A number of analytical methods are in practice for the quantification of FA. However, electroanalytical methods are attracting much attention because of their advantage over conventional methods, as they are fast, simple, sensitive, and cost effective. Moreover, modification of electrodes offers control over size and morphology which allows miniaturization for applicability in portable electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akbar
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, KSK Campus, Pakistan.
| | - A Anwar
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, KSK Campus, Pakistan
| | - Q Kanwal
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, KSK Campus, Pakistan
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Aigbirhio FI, Allwein S, Anwar A, Atzrodt J, Audisio D, Badman G, Bakale R, Berthon F, Bragg R, Brindle KM, Bushby N, Campos S, Cant AA, Chan MYT, Colbon P, Cornelissen B, Czarny B, Derdau V, Dive V, Dunscombe M, Eggleston I, Ellis-Sawyer K, Elmore CS, Engstrom P, Ericsson C, Fairlamb IJS, Georgin D, Godfrey SP, He L, Hickey MJ, Huscroft IT, Kerr WJ, Lashford A, Lenz E, Lewinton S, L'Hermite MM, Lindelöf Å, Little G, Lockley WJS, Loreau O, Maddocks S, Marguerit M, Mirabello V, Mudd RJ, Nilsson GN, Owens PK, Pascu SI, Patriarche G, Pimlott SL, Pinault M, Plastow G, Racys DT, Reif J, Rossi J, Ruan J, Sarpaki S, Sephton SM, Simonsson R, Speed DJ, Sumal K, Sutherland A, Taran F, Thuleau A, Wang Y, Waring M, Watters WH, Wu J, Xiao J. Abstracts of the 24th international isotope society (UK group) symposium: synthesis and applications of labelled compounds 2015. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 59:175-86. [PMID: 26991121 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The 24th annual symposium of the International Isotope Society's United Kingdom Group took place at the Møller Centre, Churchill College, Cambridge, UK on Friday 6th November 2015. The meeting was attended by 77 delegates from academia and industry, the life sciences, chemical, radiochemical and scientific instrument suppliers. Delegates were welcomed by Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, UK, chair of the IIS UK group). The subsequent scientific programme consisted of oral presentations, short 'flash' presentations in association with particular posters and poster presentations. The scientific areas covered included isotopic synthesis, regulatory issues, applications of labelled compounds in imaging, isotopic separation and novel chemistry with potential implications for isotopic synthesis. Both short-lived and long-lived isotopes were represented, as were stable isotopes. The symposium was divided into a morning session chaired by Dr Rebekka Hueting (University of Oxford, UK) and afternoon sessions chaired by Dr Sofia Pascu (University of Bath, UK) and by Dr Alan Dowling (Syngenta, UK). The UK meeting concluded with remarks from Dr Ken Lawrie (GlaxoSmithKline, UK).
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Anwar A, Nandwani G, Singh R, Chahal R, Addla S. Assessment of clinical outcomes of orthotopic neo-bladder reconstruction after radical cystectomy. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Murad S, Anwar A, Piracha ZZ, Sultan A. LRIG1 expression during homeostasis and skin wound healing in mice. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2015; 29:829-833. [PMID: 26753643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG)-1 belong to the family of proteins known to be expressed in skin. Ablation of LRIG1 in mice results in epidermal hyperplasia and its aberrant expression levels have been reported in pathological conditions such as psoriasis, thus evident of an indispensible role of LRIG1 in maintaining epidermal homeostasis. In order to gain insight into the homeostatic expression of LRIG1 and in various stages of cutaneous wound healing, LRIG1 expression was immunohistochemically analyzed in full thickness skin wounds in mice. The full thickness skin wounds were established on the dorsal back of Balb/c mice (n=6). LRIG1 expression at various post wounding days (1, 2, 3, 6 and 14) was determined through Immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) of the murine skin sections. The injury caused a sharp decline in LRIG1 expression in the basal epidermal cells and appendages surrounding the wound which correlates with the re-epithelialization phase of healing. LRIG1 expression remained down regulated during most of the wound healing stages. LRIG1+ cells were found to re-populate the neo-epidermis on day 14, suggesting an important homeostatic role of LRIG1 in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Murad
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Health Care Biotech, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Anwar
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Health Care Biotech, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Z Z Piracha
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Health Care Biotech, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Sultan
- Biochemistry Department, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Anwar A, Archibald S, Audisio D, Badman G, Bergin J, Bew SP, Bloom J, Bushby N, Busigin A, Chan MYT, Davies J, Dilworth J, Dunscombe M, Elmore CS, Engstrom P, Fuchter MJ, Geach NJ, Georgin D, Griffiths A, Hansen P, Hardcastle G, Hiatt-Gipson GD, Hickey MJ, Kitson SL, Lashford A, Lenz E, Lewinton S, Lockley WJS, Loreau O, Maddocks S, Marlière P, McEwen A, Moody TS, Morgan P, Roe SJ, Schenk DJ, Speed DJ, Stockman RA, Sumal K, Taran F, Thurston S, Waring M, Watters WH. Abstracts of the 23rd International Isotope Society (UK group) Symposium: synthesis and applications of labelled compounds 2014. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta accreta is a condition of abnormal placental attachment that was usually treated by hysterectomy. Techniques to conserve the uterus are now commonly used and series of subsequent pregnancy outcomes have been reported. The recurrence risk of placenta accreta is now a relevant detail and is currently not known. This work was performed to calculate the recurrence risk by reviewing the published literature. METHODS A literature search using the terms "placenta accreta", "placenta percreta", "placenta increta", "abnormal placental attachment" and "placental attachment disorder" followed by hand-searching identified 6 papers that contained data concerning recurrence of placenta accreta in subsequent pregnancies following initial conservative treatment. RESULTS Overall 407 pregnancies were recorded and 85.7% of women reported achieved a subsequent pregnancy following conservative treatment. The risk of recurrence of placental attachment disorder in a subsequent pregnancy was 19.9% (weighted mean, 95% CI 12.2-27.7). CONCLUSIONS The recurrence risk of placental attachment disorder following uterine conservation treatments is 20% . This risk should be discussed with women with an antenatal diagnosis of a placental attachment disorder who may be considering uterine conservation in order to retain the option of a future pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Anwar
- Cumberland Infirmary, Carlisle, UK
| | - S W Lindow
- Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
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Saeed Y, Anwar A, Fitzpatrick A. 38 * Effectiveness of ECG-based triage in older patients with TLoC attending a rapid access blackouts triage clinic: conduction tissue abnormalities predict a higher mortality, recurrent TLoC and a good response to cardiac pacing. Europace 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu239.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Reinicke C, Muthuraman M, Anwar A, Mideksa K, Siniatchkin M, Stephani U, Japaridze N. Neuronale Netzwerke bei einem Patienten mit frühkindlicher epileptischer Enzephalopathie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Reinicke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Kiel-University, Germany
| | | | - A. Anwar
- Department of Neurology, Kiel-University, Germany
| | - K. Mideksa
- Department of Neurology, Kiel-University, Germany
| | - M. Siniatchkin
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Kiel-University, Germany
| | - U. Stephani
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Kiel-University, Germany
| | - N. Japaridze
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Kiel-University, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Munshi
- Department of Virology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Karuppasamy G, Anwar A, Bhartiya A, Sajjad S, Rashid M, Mathew E, Saikh RB, Sharbatti SA, Sreedharan J. Use of Social Networking Sites among University Students in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Nepal J Epidemiol 2013. [DOI: 10.3126/nje.v3i2.8512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Note: a new paragraph 'What this study adds:' was added to page 250 on 27 March 2014.Background Social networking sites are web-based services through which individuals can create a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, connect with a list of other linked users, and view and interact with a list of their connections and with those made by others within the system. To estimate the proportion of university students using social networking sites (SNS) and to determine the association between SNS use and age, gender, nationality, course and year of study, living context, family size, number of close friends, close relationships, stress related to studies and interpersonal relationships. Materials and Methods A cross sectional study was carried out among 300 students from two universities in Ajman, UAE. A self-administered, content-validated and pilot-tested questionnaire was used. The participants answered questions related to their use of social networking sites and details of socio-demographic variables. The data collected were entered into Microsoft Excel and transferred to PASW 18.0 version. Data were analyzed as frequencies, percentages, means and SDs, and Chi-square test used for associations. The odd ratio was calculated for the significant variables to find the degree of association. The SNS usage was categorized as average, moderate or high based on mean and SD on the SNS test score. Results The study population was comprised of 41.6% males and 58.3% females. 89% used social networking sites (SNS) and 11% were non-users. Of the 267 users of SNS, 58.8% were average users, 37.8% moderate users and 3.4% high users. Students in the first and second years of study, small family size, age below 20 years, male gender, being in a non-medical study program, friends in close relationship were found to be associated with higher SNS use. Conclusion Social networking sites were found to be popular among a large number of university students in the UAE, this being more so among males and non-medical students of first two years of study. DOI: http://doi.dx.org/10.3126/nje.v3i2.8512
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Makda SI, Davies MJ, Wilmot E, Bankart J, Yates T, Varghese EM, Fisher H, Anwar A, Khunti K. Prescribing in pregnancy for women with diabetes: use of potential teratogenic drugs and contraception. Diabet Med 2013; 30:457-63. [PMID: 23110381 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe contraception use and the prescription of drugs that are either not recommended in pregnancy or are potentially teratogenic by diabetes type in women of child-bearing age. METHODS Retrospective, cross-sectional chart review undertaken in 22 general practices in Warwickshire, UK. Demographic, anthropometric, medical history, medication and contraception data were extracted from women aged 14 to 49 years with pre-existing diabetes. Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney test and χ(2) -test were used to test for univariable associations and multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders. RESULTS Four hundred and seventy eligible women were identified; the majority had a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes (67%). Thirty-six per cent and 64% of women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, respectively, were prescribed drugs not recommended for use in pregnancy (P < 0.001). Less than half were using concomitant contraception (P < 0.001). No significant difference of contraception use was observed between women who were and were not taking drugs not recommended for use in pregnancy (40 vs. 41%, P = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS Use of drugs not recommended during pregnancy in women with diabetes of child-bearing age is common but is not associated with increased use of contraception. There is need to identify and overcome barriers to effective contraception use for this population group in order to facilitate optimal management of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Makda
- East Midlands Healthcare Work Force Deanery, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Jovanovic I, Giga V, Tesic M, Paunovic I, Kostic J, Dobric M, Dikic M, Stepanovic J, Belesiln B, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Lindqvist P, Henein M, Soderberg S, Gonzalez M, Tossavainen E, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Tesic M, Stepanovic J, Giga V, Kostic J, Trifunovic D, Jovanovic I, Paunovic I, Stanic S, Beleslin B, Koutsogiannis N, Moulias A, Xanthopoulou I, Mavronasiou E, Kakkavas A, Davlouros P, Alexopoulos D, Barbier P, Cefalu' C, Gripari P, Pontone G, Andreini D, Pepi M, Duncan AM, Snow T, Barker S, Davies S, Di Mario C, Moat N, Serra W, Chetta A, Marangio E, Reverberi C, Cattabiani MA, Ardissino D, Sahlen A, Hakansson F, Shahgaldi K, Manouras A, Norman M, Winter R, Johnson J, Fawzi S, Rafla SM, El Atroush H, Farouk K, Wilson C, Hilde J, Skjoerten I, Melsom M, Humerfelt S, Hansteen V, Hisdal J, Steine K, Rees P, Hutchings S, Magnino C, Omede' P, Avenatti E, Chiarlo M, Presutti D, Bucca C, Moretti C, Gaita F, Veglio F, Milan A, Kostic J, Tesic M, Stepanovic J, Giga V, Paunovic I, Marinkovic A, Jovanovic I, Beleslin B, Ostojic M, Djordjevic Dikic A, Najjar E, Winter R, Gunyeli E, Shahgaldi K, Manouras A, Rodriguez Munoz DA, Moya Mur J, Baguda JDJ, Lazaro Rivera C, Navas Tejedor P, Jimenez Nacher J, Castillo Orive M, Fernandez-Golfin C, Zamorano Gomez J, Satendra M, Sargento L, Sousa C, Lousada N, Palma Reis R, Said K, Shehata A, Ashour Z, El-Tobgi S, Li Kam Wa M, Pabari P, Perry S, Kyriacou A, Manisty C, Francis D, Kusmierczyk-Droszcz B, Kowalik E, Niewiadomska J, Lech A, Hoffman P, Patrianakos A, Kalogerakis A, Zacharaki A, Nyktari E, Psathakis E, Parthenakis F, Vardas P, Stefani L, Milicia M, Bartolini A, Gori N, Tempesti G, Toncelli L, Vono M, Di Tante V, Pedri S, Galanti G, Zhong L, Huang F, Le T, Chen Q, Gao F, Tan R, Anwar A, Nosir Y, Alasnig M, Llemit M, Alhagoly A, Chamsi-Pasha H, Trifunovic D, Ostojic M, Stankovic S, Vujisic-Tesic B, Petrovic M, Nedeljkovic I, Beleslin B, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Banovic M, Tesic M, Orii M, Hirata K, Tanimoto T, Ishibashi K, Yamano T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Kubo T, Imanishi T, Akasaka T, Giesecke A, Ripsweden J, Shahgaldi K, Guyeli E, Winter R, Hristova K, Vasilev D, Pavlov P, Katova T, Simova I, Kostova V, Wada T, Hirata KH, Kubo T, Shiono Y, Ishibashi K, Tanimoto T, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Imanishi TI, Akasaka T, Martirosyan M, Adamyan K, Chilingaryan A, Negrea S, Alexandrescu C, Civaia F, Bourlon F, Dreyfus G, Malev E, Kim G, Omelchenko M, Mitrofanova L, Zemtsovsky E, Santoro A, Costantino F, Dores E, Tarsia G, Di Natale M, Innelli P, Schiano Lomoriello V, De Stefano F, Galderisi M, Lee SP, Ahn H, Hwang H, Kim H, Kim Y, Kim K, Kim K, Sohn D, Ahn H, Calin A, Popescu B, Rosca M, Beladan C, Enache R, Gurzun M, Calinescu C, Calin C, Ginghina C, Rafla S, Hamdy S, Lotfi M, Elneklawy M, Mordi I, Spratt J, Sonecki P, Stanton T, Mcculloch A, Goodfield N, Tzemos N, Ghulam Ali S, Fusini L, Tamborini G, Celeste F, Gripari P, Muratori M, Maffessanti F, Mirea O, Alamanni F, Pepi M, Demirkan B, Guray Y, Guray U, Ege M, Kisacik H, Sasmaz H, Korkmaz S, Petrovic-Nagorni S, Zdravkovic-Ciric S, Nagorni A, Stanojevic D, Jankovic-Tomasevic R, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Szymanski C, Magne J, Rusinaru D, Fournier A, Mezghani S, Peltier M, Touati G, Tribouilloy C, Huttin O, Khachab H, Voilliot D, Schwartz J, Zinzius P, Lemoine S, Carillo S, Popovic B, Juilliere Y, Selton-Suty C, Kimura K, Takenaka K, Ebihara A, Uno K, Morita H, Nakajima T, Motoyoshi Y, Komori T, Yatomi Y, Nagai R, Mihaila S, Mincu R, Rimbas R, Badiu C, Vinereanu D, Igual Munoz B, Maceira Gonzalez A, Domingo Valero D, Estornell Erill J, Giner Blasco J, Arnau Vives M, Molina Aguilar P, Navarro Manchon J, Zorio Grima E, Miglioranza M, Sant'anna R, Rover M, Mantovani A, Lessa J, Haertel J, Salgado Filho P, Kalil R, Leiria T, Risum N, Sogaard P, Fritz Hansen T, Bruun N, Kisslo J, Velazquez E, Jons C, Olsen N, Azevedo O, Lourenco M, Machado I, Pereira V, Medeiros R, Pereira A, Quelhas I, Lourenco A, Rangel I, Goncalves A, Sousa C, Correia A, Pinho T, Madureira A, Martins E, Silva-Cardoso J, Macedo F, Maciel M, Kinova E, Zlatareva N, Goudev A, Rogge B, Cramariuc D, Lonnebakken M, Rieck A, Gohlke-Baerwolf C, Chambers J, Boman K, Gerdts E, Florescu M, Mihalcea D, Enescu O, Suran B, Mincu R, Patrascu N, Magda L, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Bruno R, Cogo A, Bartesaghi M, Thapa K, Duo E, Basnyat B, Ghiadoni L, Picano E, Sicari R, Pratali L, Jensen-Urstad K, Nordin A, Bjornadal L, Svenungsson E, King GJ, Murphy R, Almuntaser I, Mc Loughlin B, Livingston A, Nevin S, Clarke J, De Sousa CC, Rangel I, Martins E, Correia A, Nadais G, Silveira F, Silva Cardoso J, Goncalves A, Macedo F, Maciel M, Lindqvist P, Henein M, Hornsten R, Rasmunsson J, Hedstrom M, Alm C, Filali T, Jedaida B, Lahidheb D, Gommidh M, Mahfoudhi H, Hajlaoui N, Dahmani R, Fehri W, Haouala H, Shin SH, Woo S, Kim D, Park K, Kwan J, Brambila CA, Gabrielli L, Bijnens B, Marin J, Sitges I, Grazioli G, Pare C, Mont L, Brugada J, Sitges M, Pica S, Ghio S, Raineri C, Camporotondo R, Rordorf R, Previtali M, Landolina M, Valentini A, Turco A, Visconti L, Stuart B, Santos A, Cruz I, Caldeira D, Cotrim C, Fazendas P, Joao I, Almeida A, Pereira H, Goncalves A, Pinho T, Sousa C, Rangel I, Correia A, Madureira A, Macedo F, Zamorano JL, Maciel M, Driessen M, Kort E, Leiner T, Cramer M, Sieswerda G, Chamuleau S, Kim D, Choi Y, Park H, Kim H, Shin J, Song J, Kang D, Song J, Parisi V, Galasso G, Festa G, Piccolo R, Rengo G, De Rosa R, Pagano G, Iacotucci P, Leosco D, Piscione F, Bellsham-Revell H, Nedjati-Gilani S, Yao C, Pushparajah K, Penney G, Simpson J, Lopez Melgar B, Sanchez Sanchez V, Rodriguez Garcia J, Coma Samartin R, Martin Asenjo R, Fernandez Casares S, Lopez-Guarch CJ, Diaz Anton B, Mayordomo Gomez S, Lombera Romero F, Yamada S, Okada K, Iwano H, Nishino H, Nakabachi M, Yokoyama S, Kaga S, Mikami T, Tsutsui H, Stoebe S, Tarr A, Pfeiffer D, Hagendorff A, Klitsie L, Roest A, Kuipers I, Van Der Hulst A, Hazekamp M, Blom N, Ten Harkel A, Hagendorff A, Stoebe S, Tarr A, Gelbrich G, Loeffler M, Pfeiffer D, Badran H, Elnoamany M, Soltan G, Ezat M, Elsedi M, Abdelfatah R, Yacoub M, Kydd A, Khan F, Mccormick L, Gopalan D, Virdee M, Dutka D, Ruiz Ortiz M, Mesa D, Delgado M, Romo E, Morenate M, Baeza F, Castillo F, Lopez Granados A, Del Prado JA, De Lezo JS, Kilickiran Avci B, Yurdakul S, Sahin S, Ermis E, Dilekci B, Aytekin S, Turhan S, Gerede D, Hural R, Ozcan O, Candemir B, Erol C, Saha SK, Kiotsekoglou A, Gopal A, Govind S, Lindqvist P, Soderberg S, Kawata T, Daimon M, Sekita G, Miyazaki S, Ichikawa R, Maruyama M, Suzuki H, Daida H, Persic V, Lovric D, Jurin H, Pehar Pejcinovic V, Baricevic Z, Pezo Nikolic B, Ivanac Vranesic I, Separovic Hanzevacki J, Ahn H, Cho G, Lee S, Kim H, Kim Y, Sohn D, Igual Munoz B, Estornell Erill J, Gonzalez AM, Bel Minguez A, Perez Guillen M, Donate Bertolin L, Monmeneu Menadas J, Lopez Lereu P, La Huerta AA, Argudo AM, Igual Munoz B, Gonzalez AM, Valero DD, La Huerta AA, Fernandez PA, Ferrer JM, Rueda Soriano J, Buendia Sanchez F, Estornell Erill J, Carrasco J, Carvalho MS, De Araujo Goncalves P, Sousa P, Dores H, Marques H, Pereira Machado F, Gaspar A, Aleixo A, Mota Carmo M, Roquette J, Vassiliadis IV, Despotopoulos E, Kaitozis O, Tekedis C, Al-Mallah M, Nour K, Tomaszewski A, Kutarski A, Brzozowski W, Tomaszewski M, Oleszczak K, Tong J, Bian Y, Yang F, Li P, Chen L, Shen X, Xu Y, Yan L, Kilickiran Avci B, Yurdakul S, Sahin S, Ermis E, Dilekci B, Aytekin S, Hristova K, Marinov R, Georgiev S, Kaneva A, Lasarov S, Mitev P, Katova T, Pilosoff V, Ikonomidis I, Tzortzis S, Triantafyllidi H, Paraskevaidis I, Trivilou P, Papadakis I, Papadopoulos C, Pavlidis G, Anastasiou-Nana M, Lekakis J. Poster session: Aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jes264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Vincent-Chong VK, Ismail SM, Rahman ZAA, Sharifah NA, Anwar A, Pradeep PJ, Ramanathan A, Karen-Ng LP, Kallarakkal TG, Mustafa WMW, Abraham MT, Tay KK, Zain RB. Genome-wide analysis of oral squamous cell carcinomas revealed over expression of ISG15, Nestin and WNT11. Oral Dis 2012; 18:469-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Anwar A, Gutting P. Potentiation of warfarin's anticoagulant effect and subconjunctival haemorrhage with rivastigmine transdermal patch. Case Reports 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.02.2010.2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ahmad S, Rüffer T, Lang H, Nadeem S, Tirmizi SA, Saleem M, Anwar A. Synthesis, crystal structure, and antimicrobial studies of trans-[Pd(PPh3)2(imidazolidine-2-thione)2]Cl2 · 3.5H2O. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328410070079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kakad R, Anwar A, Dyer P, Webber J, Dale J. Fasting plasma glucose is not sufficient to detect ongoing glucose intolerance after pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2010; 118:234-6. [PMID: 20162508 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Women who develop diabetes during pregnancy are at significant risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life, and "should be offered blood glucose testing ... to exclude persisting hyperglycaemia" after delivery. New UK guidelines now recommend that this is done by measurement of fasting blood glucose, rather than an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Our study aims to establish whether assessment by fasting blood glucose gives equivalent results to an OGTT. METHODS Retrospective data were obtained from four centres in the West Midlands, UK, who performed a postnatal OGTT on 470 women during a 12-month period. All centres used a 75 g, 2-h protocol. RESULTS 28 of 470 (6.0%) women had diabetes mellitus after testing of fasting plasma glucose. After OGTT, 70 women (14.9%) were found to have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 10 further cases of diabetes were detected (overall prevalence of DM 8.1%). Of the 400 women with normal fasting plasma glucose. After OGTT, 70 women (14.9%) were found to have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 10 further cases of diabetes were detected (overall prevalence of DM 8.1%). Of the 400 women with normal fasting plasma glucose (< or = 6.0 mmol/l), 55 were found to have impaired glucose tolerance and 4 had overt diabetes. In all, 26% of women with diabetes were missed by FPG. CONCLUSION Fasting plasma glucose alone does not allow detection of IGT, and misses a substantial proportion of women with Type 2 diabetes. Recognition of ongoing IGT or DM is important in identifying women who may benefit from lifestyle modification, and who may need early intervention in subsequent pregnancies. Our results suggest that OGTT should be the investigation of choice in the postnatal assessment of women who have had GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kakad
- Russells Hall Hospital, Diabetes & Endocrinology, Dudley, United Kingdom.
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Wilson N, Ashawesh K, Kulambil Padinjakara RN, Anwar A. The Multidisciplinary Diabetes-endocrinology Clinic and Postprandial Blood Glucose Monitoring in the Management of Gestational Diabetes: Impact on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 117:486-9. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1214426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Young J, Anwar A. Strong diabetes. Case Reports 2009; 2009:bcr08.2008.0708. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.08.2008.0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Hyperkalemia, especially if severe, is a frequent cause of cardiac rhythm pathologies. Sinus arrest of sudden onset is more likely to occur when the potassium level is very high (e.g. > 8 mmol/l) but in concomitance with negative chronotropic drugs it may occur even in presence of a moderate hyperkalemia. This case report highlights the fact that these kinds of drugs, especially in combination, are probably to be avoided in patients at risk of developing hyperkalemia (e.g. diabetics, renal failure, etc.), even of moderate degree, considering this life-threatening cardiac complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Bonvini
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Keating AK, Salzberg DB, Sather S, Liang X, Nickoloff S, Anwar A, Deryckere D, Hill K, Joung D, Sawczyn KK, Park J, Curran-Everett D, McGavran L, Meltesen L, Gore L, Johnson GL, Graham DK. Lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in mice overexpressing the Mer (MerTK) receptor tyrosine kinase. Oncogene 2006; 25:6092-100. [PMID: 16652142 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mer (MerTK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase important in platelet aggregation, as well as macrophage cytokine secretion and clearance of apoptotic cells. Mer is not normally expressed in thymocytes or lymphocytes; however, ectopic Mer RNA transcript and protein expression is found in a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines and patient samples, suggesting a role in leukemogenesis. To investigate the oncogenic potential of Mer in vivo, we created a transgenic mouse line (Mer(Tg)) that expresses Mer in the hematopoietic lineage under control of the Vav promoter. Ectopic expression and activation of the transgenic Mer protein was demonstrated in lymphocytes and thymocytes of the Mer(Tg) mice. At 12-24 months of age, greater than 55% of the Mer(Tg) mice, compared to 12% of the wild type, developed adenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and circulating lymphoblasts. Histopathological analysis and flow cytometry were consistent with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Mer may contribute to leukemogenesis by activation of Akt and ERK1/2 anti-apoptotic signals, which were upregulated in Mer(Tg) mice. Additionally, a significant survival advantage was noted in Mer(Tg) lymphocytes compared to wild-type lymphocytes after dexamethasone treatment. These data suggest that Mer plays a cooperative role in leukemogenesis and may be an effective target for biologically based leukemia/lymphoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Keating
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80045, USA
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Anwar A, Azmi KN, Hamidon BB, Khalid BAK. An open label comparative study of glimepiride versus repaglinide in type 2 diabetes mellitus Muslim subjects during the month of Ramadan. Med J Malaysia 2006; 61:28-35. [PMID: 16708731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the treatment efficacy between a prandial glucose regulator, repaglinide and a new sulphonylurea, glimepiride in Muslim Type 2 diabetic patients who practice Ramadan fasting. Forty-one patients, previously treated with a sulphonylurea or metformin, were divided to receive either repaglinide (n=20, preprandially three-times daily) or glimepiride (n=21, preprandially once daily) 3 months before the month of Ramadan. During Ramadan, patients modified their eating pattern to two meals daily, and the triple doses of repaglinide were redistributed to two preprandial doses. Four point blood glucose monitoring were performed weekly during the month of Ramadan and the subsequent month. Measurements of the 4-point blood glucose were significantly lower in the glimepiride group compared to the repaglinide group both during and after Ramadan. The glycaemic excursion was better in the morning for the repaglinide group and better in the afternoon and evening for the glimepiride group during the Ramadan period. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycaemia between the two groups during and after Ramadan. There was no difference in the glycaemic excursion post-Ramadan. The longer duration of action of glimepiride may offer an advantage over repaglinide during the 13.5 hours of fast in Ramadan for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anwar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Valsamakis G, Chetty R, Anwar A, Banerjee AK, Barnett A, Kumar S. Association of simple anthropometric measures of obesity with visceral fat and the metabolic syndrome in male Caucasian and Indo-Asian subjects. Diabet Med 2004; 21:1339-45. [PMID: 15569138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01361.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were first, to investigate the relationship between simple anthropometric measures of obesity with visceral fat as assessed by a single slice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-scan in patients attending a hospital clinic. Second, to determine which anthropometric measure best relates to the adverse metabolic profile of the metabolic syndrome. METHODS Forty-one male subjects [body mass index (BMI): 30.2 + 5.8 kg/m(2), age: 50.3 + 13.6 years] were studied by MRI-scan to measure visceral fat at L4/L5 level and to investigate its relationship with simple anthropometric measures. Second, we studied 83 male subjects to determine which anthropometric measure best predicts the metabolic complications (using the ATPIII criteria) of obesity in the setting of a hospital clinic. RESULTS Waist circumference was the best anthropometric measurement that correlated with MRI-visceral fat mass assessed at L4/L5 in 41 subjects who had an MRI scan (P = 0.0001, r(2) = 0.36, beta = 0.56) amongst variables which also included age, BMI, sagittal diameter, diabetes and ethnicity. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed sagittal diameter (P = 0.001, r(2) = 0.4, beta = 0.406), age (P = 0.003, beta = 0.271) and waist circumference (P = 0.012, beta = 0.297) were the best predictors of the adverse metabolic profile of the metabolic syndrome in all 83 male subjects amongst BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), ethnicity and diabetes-related factors. CONCLUSIONS Waist circumference is a simple anthropometric parameter that best correlates with single slice MRI-scan, but sagittal diameter (measured using abdominal calipers) better predicts the adverse metabolic profile of the metabolic syndrome. Although there is considerable variation in abdominal fat topography between ethnic groups, and also within populations, sagittal diameter assessment is a technique that is simple and best predicts the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Valsamakis
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Valsamakis G, Anwar A, Tomlinson JW, Shackleton CHL, McTernan PG, Chetty R, Wood PJ, Banerjee AK, Holder G, Barnett AH, Stewart PM, Kumar S. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity in lean and obese males with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:4755-61. [PMID: 15356090 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2003-032240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids play an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance. Impaired conversion of cortisone (E) to cortisol (F) by the type 1 isoenzyme of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) in obesity may represent a protective mechanism preventing ongoing weight gain and glucose intolerance. We have studied glucocorticoid metabolism in 33 male subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus [age, 44.2 +/- 13 yr; body mass index (BMI), 31.1 +/- 7.5 kg/m(2) (mean +/- sd)] and 38 normal controls (age, 41.4 +/- 14 yr; BMI, 38.2 +/- 12.8 kg/m(2)). Circulating F:E ratios were elevated in the diabetic group and correlated with serum cholesterol and homeostasis model assessment-S. There was no difference in 11beta-HSD1 activity between diabetic subjects and controls. In addition, 11beta-HSD1 activity was unaffected by BMI in diabetic subjects. However, in control subjects, increasing BMI was associated with a reduction in the urinary tetrahydrocortisol+5alpha-tetrahydrocortisol:tetrahydrocortisone ratio (P < 0.05) indicative of impaired 11beta-HSD1 activity. The degree of inhibition correlated tightly with visceral fat mass. Changes in 11beta-HSD1 activity could not be explained by circulating levels of adipocytokines. Impaired E to F metabolism in obesity may help preserve insulin sensitivity and prevent diabetes mellitus. Failure to down-regulate 11beta-HSD1 activity in patients with diabetes may potentiate dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and obesity. Inhibition of 11beta-HSD1 may therefore represent a therapeutic strategy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Valsamakis
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
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