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Moskalik AD, Liang B, Cord BJ, Waldau B. A technical guide to robotic-assisted carotid angioplasty and stenting with the Corindus CorPath GRX system. Interv Neuroradiol 2024:15910199241226856. [PMID: 38234152 DOI: 10.1177/15910199241226856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Robotic-assisted carotid artery angioplasty and stenting is becoming more popular due to its precision and radiation safety. In this video, we present a case using the CorPath GRX Robotic System (Corindus, a Seimens Healthineers Company, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) with step-by-step procedure process and technical nuances (video 1). We demonstrate that cervical carotid angioplasty and stenting can be safely performed using the robotic system with efficiency and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhela D Moskalik
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Buqing Liang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ben Waldau
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Beaman C, Gautam A, Peterson C, Kaneko N, Ponce L, Saber H, Khatibi K, Morales J, Kimball D, Lipovac JR, Narsinh KH, Baker A, Caton MT, Smith ER, Nour M, Szeder V, Jahan R, Colby GP, Cord BJ, Cooke DL, Tateshima S, Duckwiler G, Waldau B. Robotic Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography: A Multicenter Experience of 113 Patients. J Neurointerv Surg 2023:jnis-2023-020448. [PMID: 37468266 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurointerventional robotic systems have potential to reduce occupational radiation, improve procedural precision, and allow for future remote teleoperation. A limited number of single institution case reports and series have been published outlining the safety and feasibility of robot-assisted diagnostic cerebral angiography. METHODS This is a multicenter, retrospective case series of patients undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography at three separate institutions - University of California, Davis (UCD); University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA); and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). The equipment used was the CorPath GRX Robotic System (Corindus, Waltham, MA). RESULTS A total of 113 cases were analyzed who underwent robot-assisted diagnostic cerebral angiography from September 28, 2020 to October 27, 2022. There were no significant complications related to use of the robotic system including stroke, arterial dissection, bleeding, or pseudoaneurysm formation at the access site. Using the robotic system, 88 of 113 (77.9%) cases were completed successfully without unplanned manual conversion. The principal causes for unplanned manual conversion included challenging anatomy, technical difficulty with the bedside robotic cassette, and hubbing out of the robotic system due to limited working length. For robotic operation, average fluoroscopy time was 13.2 min (interquartile range (IQR), 9.3 to 16.8 min) and average cumulative air kerma was 975.8 mGY (IQR, 350.8 to 1073.5 mGy). CONCLUSIONS Robotic cerebral angiography with the CorPath GRX Robotic System is safe and easily learned by novice users without much prior manual experience. However, there are technical limitations such as a short working length and an inability to support 0.035" wires which may limit its widespread adoption in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Beaman
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ayushi Gautam
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Catherine Peterson
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Naoki Kaneko
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Luciano Ponce
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hamidreza Saber
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kasra Khatibi
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jose Morales
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David Kimball
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Kazim H Narsinh
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amanda Baker
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - M Travis Caton
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eric R Smith
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - May Nour
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Viktor Szeder
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Reza Jahan
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey P Colby
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Branden J Cord
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L Cooke
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Satoshi Tateshima
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gary Duckwiler
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ben Waldau
- University of California Stroke Consortium Robotics Workgroup, California, California, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Sujijantarat N, Antonios J, Koo A, Renedo D, Cord BJ, Zetchi A, Hebert R, Matouk C. Transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR): a technical video. J Neurointerv Surg 2021; 14:842. [PMID: 34475250 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-018024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Carotid revascularization is an important method of stroke prevention and includes carotid endarterectomy and transfemoral carotid angioplasty and stenting. More recently, a hybrid open-endovascular approach, termed transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR), is garnering increased attention. Although fundamentally a 'stenting procedure', unlike transfemoral carotid angioplasty and stenting, TCAR allows for a proximal neuroprotection strategy based on flow reversal. In this technical video, we will review operative techniques and nuances of the TCAR procedure, with a particular focus on the neurovascular proceduralist looking to adopt this technique into routine clinical practice(video 1).neurintsurg;neurintsurg-2021-018024v1/V1F1V1Video 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthiya Sujijantarat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joseph Antonios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrew Koo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniela Renedo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Akli Zetchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryan Hebert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Charles Matouk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Sanchez B, Delemos CD, Sandhu KS, Peterson C, Cord BJ, Gurkoff GG, Waldau B. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage survivors show long-term deficits in spatial reference memory in a pilot study of a virtual water maze paradigm. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 207:106788. [PMID: 34230004 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exists on the long-term effects of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on spatial memory. Herein, we used a computerized virtual water maze to evaluate the feasibility of spatial memory testing in pilot cohort of ten patients who survived previous SAH. METHODS Ten SAH survivors (5.8 ± 5.1 years after initial hemorrhage) and 7 age-matched controls underwent testing in a virtual water maze computer program. Additional subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate spatial reference memory correlation for ventricular size on admission, placement of an external ventricular drain and placement of a shunt. RESULTS With respect to the spatial memory acquisition phase, there was no significant difference of pathway length traveled to reach the platform between SAH survivors and control subjects. During the probe trial, control subjects spent significantly longer time in target quadrants compared to SAH survivors (F(3, 24) = 10.32, p = 0.0001; Target vs. Right: Mean percent difference 0.16 [0-0.32], p = 0.045; Target vs. Across: Mean percent difference 0.35 [0.19-0.51], p < 0.0001; Target vs. Left: Mean percent difference 0.21 [0.05-0.37], p = 0.0094). Furthermore, patients who initially presented with smaller ventricles performed worse that those patients who had ventriculomegaly and/or required surgical management of hydrocephalus. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that SAH survivors have persistent spatial reference memory deficits years after the hemorrhage. Hydrocephalus at presentation and external ventricular drainage were not found to be associated with poor spatial memory outcomes in this pilot cohort. Therefore, other causes such as global cerebral edema or magnitude of initial ICP spike, need to be considered to be examined as root cause as well in subsequent studies. The protocol described in this manuscript is able to demonstrate a spatial reference memory deficit and can be used to study risk factors for spatial memory impairment on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breana Sanchez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Christi D Delemos
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Kamal S Sandhu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Catherine Peterson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Gene G Gurkoff
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States
| | - Ben Waldau
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Medical Center, 4680 Y Street, ACC 3740, Sacramento, CA 95817, United States.
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Abstract
The prevalence of recurrent and residual aneurysms following Woven EndoBridge (WEB) treatment is not insignificant. The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate retreatment methods for such aneurysms and their outcomes. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were systematically searched, and results were reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Original studies reporting on aneurysms that were retreated after WEB were included. Sixteen studies (n = 901 aneurysms), of which three were prospective, reported on retreated aneurysms following initial WEB treatment. Of those 901 aneurysms, on average 18.7 ± 11.5% were recurrent or residual at the last follow-up and 10.7 ± 11% required some form of retreatment. When compared to WEB-IT (WEB Intra-saccular Therapy) data, retreated aneurysms were more likely to be large in size (p < 0.0001) and more likely to have been initially treated with the WEB dual-layer configuration. The mean age of those with retreated aneurysms was 58 ± 5.7 years old, and the mean size of aneurysm dome was 11.1 ± 5.5 millimeters. Majority (34.1%) of the aneurysms were located at the basilar apex. Retreatment modalities included coiling (20%), stent-assisted coiling (38.7%), additional WEB device (13.3%), flow diversion (16%), and clipping (12%). Majority of retreated cases had favorable outcomes, with 96.4 ± 13.4% of the cases demonstrating technical success and 90.5 ± 18.2% having adequate occlusion at the last follow-up. Our systematic review suggests that retreatment of recurrent and residual aneurysms after initial WEB treatment is feasible. Future prospective studies would be helpful in validating these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Branden J Cord
- Neurological Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, USA
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Cord BJ, Renedo D, Santarosa C, Sujijantarat N, Antonios J, Kim JA, Falcone GJ, Sheth KN, Malhotra A, Matouk CC. Vessel wall MRI in ruptured cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas. Interv Neuroradiol 2021; 27:553-557. [PMID: 33430655 DOI: 10.1177/1591019920988205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial high-resolution vessel wall MRI (VW-MRI) is an imaging paradigm that is useful in site-of-rupture identification in patients presenting with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple intracranial aneurysms. Only a handful of case reports describe its potential utility in the evaluation of more complex brain vascular malformations. We report for the first time three patients with ruptured cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) that were evaluated with high-resolution VW-MRI. The presumed site-of-rupture was identified based on contiguity of a venous ectasia with adjacent blood products and thick, concentric wall enhancement. This preliminary experience suggests a role for high-resolution VW-MRI in the evaluation of ruptured cranial dAVFs, in particular, site-of-rupture identification. It also supports an emerging hypothesis that all spontaneously ruptured, macrovascular lesions demonstrate avid vessel wall enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California (Davis), Sacramento, USA
| | - Daniela Renedo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph Antonios
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Guido J Falcone
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Kevin N Sheth
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
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Cord BJ, Santarosa C, Sujijantarat N, Koo AB, Elsamadicy AA, Sheth K, Falcone G, Sansing L, Schindler J, Petersen N, Matouk CC. 30-Day Outcomes of Trans-Carotid Artery Revascularization with Proximal Protection Through ICA Flow Reversal in Neurosurgical Practice. Neurosurgery 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa447_334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sujijantarat N, Koo AB, Elsamadicy AA, Hebert RM, Cord BJ, Navaratnam D, Sansing L, Malhotra A, Matouk CC. Impact of Clot Location on Outcomes after Mechanical Thrombectomy for Anterior Circulation Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neurosurgery 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyaa447_387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Koo AB, Elsamadicy AA, Lin IH, David WB, Sujijantarat N, Santarosa C, Cord BJ, Zetchi A, Hebert R, Bahrassa F, Malhotra A, Matouk CC. Predictors of Extended Length of Stay Following Treatment of Unruptured Adult Cerebral Aneurysms: A Study of The National Inpatient Sample. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 29:105230. [PMID: 33066916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In an unprecedented era of soaring healthcare costs, payers and providers alike have started to place increased importance on measuring the quality of surgical procedures as a surrogate for operative success. One metric used is the length of hospital stay (LOS) during index admission. For the treatment of unruptured cerebral aneurysms, the determinants of extended length of stay are relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the patient- and hospital-level factors associated with extended LOS following treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms. METHODS The National Inpatient Sample years 2010 - 2014 was queried. Adults (≥18 years) with unruptured aneurysms undergoing either clipping or coiling were selected using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification coding system. Extended LOS was defined as greater than 75th percentile for the entire cohort (>5 days). Weighted patient demographics, comorbidities, complications, LOS, disposition and total cost were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio for risk-adjusted extended LOS. The primary outcome was the degree which patient comorbidities or postoperative complications correlated with extended LOS. RESULTS A total of 46,880 patients were identified for which 9,774 (20.8%) patients had extended LOS (Normal LOS: 37,106; Extended LOS: 9,774). Patients in the extended LOS cohort presented with a greater number of comorbidities compared to the normal LOS cohort. A greater proportion of the normal LOS cohort was coiled (Normal LOS: 63.0% vs. Extended LOS: 33.5%, P<0.001), while more patients in the extended LOS cohort were clipped (Normal LOS: 37.0% vs. Extended LOS: 66.5%, P<0.001). The overall complication rate was higher in the extended LOS cohort (Normal LOS: 7.3% vs. Extended LOS: 43.8%, P<0.001). On average, the extended LOS cohort incurred a total cost nearly twice as large (Normal LOS: $26,050 ± 13,430 vs. Extended LOS: $52,195 ± 37,252, P<0.001) and had more patients encounter non-routine discharges (Normal LOS: 8.5% vs. Extended LOS: 52.5%, P<0.001) compared to the normal LOS cohort. On weighted multivariate logistic regression, multiple patient-specific factors were associated with extended LOS. These included demographics, preadmission comorbidities, choice of procedure, and inpatient complications. The odds ratio for extended LOS was 5.14 (95% CI, 4.30 - 6.14) for patients with 1 complication and 19.58 (95% CI, 15.75 - 24.34) for patients with > 1 complication. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that extended LOS after treatment of unruptured aneurysms is influenced by a number of patient-level factors including demographics, preadmission comorbidities, type of aneurysm treatment (open surgical versus endovascular), and, importantly, inpatient complications. A better understanding of these independent predictors of prolonged length of hospital stay may help to improve patient outcomes and decrease overall healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Koo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - I-Hsin Lin
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, New Haven, CT
| | - Wyatt B David
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Corrado Santarosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Akli Zetchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ryan Hebert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Farhad Bahrassa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
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Cord BJ, Kodali S, Strander S, Silverman A, Wang A, Chouairi F, Koo AB, Nguyen CK, Peshwe K, Kimmel A, Porto CM, Hebert RM, Falcone GJ, Sheth KN, Sansing LH, Schindler JL, Matouk CC, Petersen NH. Direct carotid puncture for mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients with prohibitive vascular access. J Neurosurg 2020:1-11. [PMID: 32796146 DOI: 10.3171/2020.5.jns192737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the benefit of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) has been clearly established, difficult vascular access may make the intervention impossible or unduly prolonged. In this study, the authors evaluated safety as well as radiographic and functional outcomes in stroke patients treated with MT via direct carotid puncture (DCP) for prohibitive vascular access. METHODS The authors retrospectively studied patients from their prospective AIS-LVO database who underwent attempted MT between 2015 and 2018. Patients with prohibitive vascular access were divided into two groups: 1) aborted MT (abMT) after failed transfemoral access and 2) attempted MT via DCP. Functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. Associations with outcome were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS Of 352 consecutive patients with anterior circulation AIS-LVO who underwent attempted MT, 37 patients (10.5%) were deemed to have prohibitive vascular access (mean age [± SD] 82 ± 11 years, mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score 17 ± 5, with females accounting for 75% of the patients). There were 20 patients in the DCP group and 17 in the abMT group. The two groups were well matched for the known predictors of clinical outcome: age, sex, and admission NIHSS score. Direct carotid access was successfully obtained in 19 of 20 patients. Successful reperfusion (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score 2b or 3) was achieved in 16 (84%) of 19 patients in the DCP group. Carotid access complications included an inability to catheterize the carotid artery in 1 patient, neck hematomas in 4 patients, non-flow-limiting common carotid artery (CCA) dissections in 2 patients, and a delayed, fatal carotid blowout in 1 patient. The neck hematomas and non-flow-limiting CCA dissections did not require any subsequent interventions and remained clinically silent. Compared with the abMT group, patients in the DCP group had smaller infarct volumes (11 vs 48 ml, p = 0.04), a greater reduction in NIHSS score (-4 vs +2.9, p = 0.03), and better functional outcome (shift analysis for 3-month modified Rankin Scale score: adjusted OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.02-24.5; p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS DCP for emergency MT in patients with anterior circulation AIS-LVO and prohibitive vascular access is safe and effective and is associated with higher recanalization rates, smaller infarct volumes, and improved functional outcome compared with patients with abMT after failed transfemoral access. DCP should be considered in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreeja Kodali
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sumita Strander
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Andrew Silverman
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anson Wang
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | | | - Krithika Peshwe
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alexandra Kimmel
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | - Guido J Falcone
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kevin N Sheth
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lauren H Sansing
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | | - Nils H Petersen
- 2Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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11
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Koo AB, Elsamadicy AA, David WB, Zogg CK, Santarosa C, Sujijantarat N, Robert SM, Kundishora AJ, Cord BJ, Hebert R, Bahrassa F, Malhotra A, Matouk CC. Thirty- and 90-Day Readmissions After Treatment of Traumatic Subdural Hematoma: National Trend Analysis. World Neurosurg 2020; 139:e212-e219. [PMID: 32272271 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Subdural hematoma (SDH), a form of traumatic brain injury, is a common disease that requires extensive patient management and resource utilization; however, there remains a paucity of national studies examining the likelihood of readmission in this patient population. The aim of this study is to investigate differences in 30- and 90-day readmissions for treatment of traumatic SDH using a nationwide readmission database. METHODS The Nationwide Readmission Database years 2013-2015 were queried. Patients with a diagnosis of traumatic SDH and a primary procedure code for incision of cerebral meninges for drainage were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification coding system. Patients were grouped by no readmission (Non-R), readmission within 30 days (30-R), and readmission within 31-90 days (90-R). RESULTS We identified a total of 14,355 patients, with 3106 (21.6%) patients encountering a readmission (30-R: n = 2193 [15.3%]; 90-R: n = 913 [6.3%]; Non-R: n = 11,249). The most prevalent 30- and 90-day diagnoses seen among the readmitted cohorts were postoperative infection (30-R: 10.5%, 90-R: 13.0%) and epilepsy (30-R: 3.7%, 90-R: 1.1%). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, Medicare, Medicaid, hypertension, diabetes, renal failure, congestive heart failure, and coagulopathy were independently associated with 30-day readmission; Medicare and rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease were independently associated with 90-day readmission. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we determine the relationship between readmission rates and complications associated with surgical intervention for traumatic subdural hematoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Koo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Aladine A Elsamadicy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wyatt B David
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cheryl K Zogg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Corrado Santarosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nanthiya Sujijantarat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Stephanie M Robert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Adam J Kundishora
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryan Hebert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Farhad Bahrassa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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Hong CS, Cord BJ, Kundishora AJ, Elsamadicy AA, Beckta JM, Huttner A, Chiang VL, Matouk CC. MRI-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Radiation Necrosis in Previously Irradiated Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Pract Radiat Oncol 2020; 10:e298-e303. [PMID: 32068154 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Hong
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Branden J Cord
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Adam J Kundishora
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Jason M Beckta
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anita Huttner
- Departments of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Veronica L Chiang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Departments of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Departments of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Silverman A, Kodali S, Strander S, Gilmore E, Kimmel A, Wang A, Cord BJ, Falcone G, Hebert RM, Matouk CC, Sheth K, Petersen N. Deviation from Dynamic and Personalized Optimal Blood Pressure Targets is Associated With Worse Functional Outcomes After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz310_186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Cord BJ, Santarosa C, Sujijantarat N, Kundishora A, Falcone G, Sheth K, Sansing L, Schindler J, Petersen N, Matouk CC. Preliminary Experience With Proximal Flow Reversal During Intracranial Balloon Angioplasty and Stenting for Symptomatic, Severe Intracranial Stenosis. Neurosurgery 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz310_675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Cord BJ, Wang A, Chouairi F, Koo A, Porto C, Silverman A, Kodali S, Strander S, Falcone G, Sheth K, Hebert RM, Sansing L, Schindler J, Petersen N, Matouk CC. Percutaneous Trans-Carotid Puncture for Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients is Safe and Effective: A Large, Single-Center Case Series. Neurosurgery 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz310_167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Wu X, Cord BJ, Sommaruga SAC, Matouk CC, Malhotra A. 148 Management of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms in the Elderly. Neurosurgery 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy303.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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17
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Wu X, Cord BJ, Sommaruga SAC, Matouk CC, Malhotra A. 315 Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Pipeline Embolization Device versus Coiling in Unruptured Aneurysms Less Than 10 mm in Size. Neurosurgery 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy303.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Grant RA, Cord BJ, Kuzomunhu L, Sheth K, Gilmore E, Matouk CC. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and severe, catheter-induced vasospasm associated with excessive consumption of a caffeinated energy drink. Interv Neuroradiol 2016; 22:674-678. [PMID: 27481912 DOI: 10.1177/1591019916660868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive consumption of over-the-counter stimulants is associated with coronary vasospasm, thrombotic complications, and sudden cardiac death. Their effects on cerebrovascular physiology are not yet described in the neurointerventional literature. Patients are increasingly exposed to high levels of these vasoactive substances in the form of caffeinated energy drinks and specialty coffees. We report a case of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and severe, catheter-induced vasospasm during attempted endovascular repair of a ruptured anterior communicating artery (AComA) aneurysm in the setting of excessive energy drink consumption. We review the literature and alert clinicians to this potentially serious complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Grant
- Departments of Neurosurgery and of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Section of Neurovascular Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine/Yale-New Haven Hospital, USA
| | - Branden J Cord
- Departments of Neurosurgery and of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Section of Neurovascular Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine/Yale-New Haven Hospital, USA
| | | | - Kevin Sheth
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine/Yale-New Haven Hospital, USA
| | - Emily Gilmore
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine/Yale-New Haven Hospital, USA
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Departments of Neurosurgery and of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Section of Neurovascular Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine/Yale-New Haven Hospital, USA
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Yeung J, Cord BJ, O'Rourke TK, Maina RM, Sommaruga S, Matouk CC. Macrovascular Lesions Underlying Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Semin Neurol 2016; 36:244-53. [PMID: 27214699 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1581994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a morbid disease with a high case fatality rate. Prognosis, rehemorrhage rates, and acute, clinical decision making are greatly affected by the underlying etiology of hemorrhage. This review focuses on the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of structural, macrovascular lesions presenting with ICH, including ruptured aneurysms, brain arteriovenous malformations, cranial dural arteriovenous fistulas, and cerebral cavernous malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Yeung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Branden J Cord
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Timothy K O'Rourke
- Frank H. Netter School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, Connecticut
| | - Renee M Maina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Samuel Sommaruga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Charles C Matouk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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20
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Matouk CC, Cord BJ, Yeung J, Malhotra A, Johnson MH, Minja FJ. High-resolution Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Intracranial Aneurysms and Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 25:49-55. [PMID: 27049241 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several years, the advent of intracranial high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) has provided a new lens with which to view cerebrovascular disease that has not previously been available with conventional imaging. It has already fundamentally changed the way that steno-occlusive diseases are evaluated at many academic centers. This review focuses on current and emerging applications of intracranial high-resolution VW-MRI in the clinical evaluation of intracranial aneurysms and brain arteriovenous malformations. Examples are provided from our clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Matouk
- *Department of Neurosurgery †Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Lee SW, Haditsch U, Cord BJ, Guzman R, Kim SJ, Boettcher C, Priller J, Ormerod BK, Palmer TD. Absence of CCL2 is sufficient to restore hippocampal neurogenesis following cranial irradiation. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 30:33-44. [PMID: 23041279 PMCID: PMC3556199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cranial irradiation for the treatment of brain tumors causes a delayed and progressive cognitive decline that is pronounced in young patients. Dysregulation of neural stem and progenitor cells is thought to contribute to these effects by altering early childhood brain development. Earlier work has shown that irradiation creates a chronic neuroinflammatory state that severely and selectively impairs postnatal and adult neurogenesis. Here we show that irradiation induces a transient non-classical cytokine response with selective upregulation of CCL2/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Absence of CCL2 signaling in the hours after irradiation is alone sufficient to attenuate chronic microglia activation and allow the recovery of neurogenesis in the weeks following irradiation. This identifies CCL2 signaling as a potential clinical target for moderating the long-term defects in neural stem cell function following cranial radiation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Star W. Lee
- Stanford University, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Ursula Haditsch
- Stanford University, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Branden J. Cord
- Stanford University, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Stanford University, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Soo Jeong Kim
- Stanford University, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Chotima Boettcher
- Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brandi K. Ormerod
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Theo D. Palmer
- Stanford University, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA,To whom correspondence should be addressed: , The Lorry I. Lokey Stem Cell Research Building, 265 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA 94305-5454, 650-736-1482 phone, 650-736-1949 fax
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Cord BJ, Li J, Works M, McConnell SK, Palmer T, Hynes MA. Characterization of axon guidance cue sensitivity of human embryonic stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2010; 45:324-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 07/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Ricaurte GA, Yuan J, Hatzidimitriou G, Cord BJ, McCann UD. Response to O'Shea and Colado: the MDMA neurotoxicity profile might provide clues to mechanisms. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2003; 24:275. [PMID: 12823952 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-6147(03)00134-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George A Ricaurte
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Yuan J, Cord BJ, McCann UD, Callahan BT, Ricaurte GA. Effect of glucoprivation on serotonin neurotoxicity induced by substituted amphetamines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 303:831-9. [PMID: 12388670 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.041277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present studies were conducted to further explore the potential role of metabolic compromise in substituted amphetamine-induced serotonin (5-HT) neurotoxicity. To this end, we examined the glucoprivic effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) on the 5-HT neurotoxic effects of fenfluramine (FEN) and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Rats were treated with either FEN or MDMA, alone and in combination, with doses of 2-DG known to produce glucoprivic effects at either 22 +/- 1 or 28 +/- 1 degrees C. At 22 +/- 1 degrees C, FEN produced hypothermia, MDMA induced hyperthermia, and both drugs produced significant long-term reductions in regional brain 5-HT neuronal markers. 2-DG did not enhance 5-HT neurotoxicity induced by either FEN or MDMA; indeed, in some instances, it afforded partial neuroprotection. Although 2-DG afforded partial protection from both FEN and MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxic changes, it also caused significant hypothermia, raising the possibility that protection was due to a lowered temperature. Increasing the ambient temperature to 28 +/- 1 degrees C largely eliminated drug-induced hypothermia and eliminated the neuroprotective effects of 2-DG. Thus, even without the confounding effect of temperature, 2-DG still did not potentiate FEN or MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity. These findings suggest that the role of metabolic compromise in amphetamine-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Ricaurte GA, Yuan J, Hatzidimitriou G, Cord BJ, McCann UD. RETRACTED: Severe dopaminergic neurotoxicity in primates after a common recreational dose regimen of MDMA ("ecstasy"). Science 2002; 297:2260-3. [PMID: 12351788 DOI: 10.1126/science.1074501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The prevailing view is that the popular recreational drug (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, or "ecstasy") is a selective serotonin neurotoxin in animals and possibly in humans. Nonhuman primates exposed to several sequential doses of MDMA, a regimen modeled after one used by humans, developed severe brain dopaminergic neurotoxicity, in addition to less pronounced serotonergic neurotoxicity. MDMA neurotoxicity was associated with increased vulnerability to motor dysfunction secondary to dopamine depletion. These results have implications for mechanisms of MDMA neurotoxicity and suggest that recreational MDMA users may unwittingly be putting themselves at risk, either as young adults or later in life, for developing neuropsychiatric disorders related to brain dopamine and/or serotonin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Ricaurte
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Abstract
The mechanism by which 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces serotonin (5-HT) neurotoxicity is unknown but considerable evidence suggests that endogenous brain dopamine (DA) is involved. However, it has recently become apparent that some of the data implicating brain DA in MDMA neurotoxicity may be confounded by drug effects on thermoregulation. The purpose of the present studies was to examine the role of DA in MDMA neurotoxicity, while controlling for possible confounding effects of drug- induced changes in core temperature. Rats were treated with reserpine, alone and in combination with alpha-methyl-p -tyrosine (AMPT), to deplete vesicular and cytoplasmic stores of DA. When drug-induced hypothermia was averted (by raising ambient temperature), the 5-HT neuroprotective effects of reserpine and AMPT were no longer apparent. The lack of neuroprotection by AMPT and reserpine, alone and in combination, in studies that control for the effects of these drugs on core temperature, suggests that DA per se is not essential for the expression of MDMA-induced 5-HT neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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Callahan BT, Cord BJ, Yuan J, McCann UD, Ricaurte GA. Inhibitors of Na(+)/H(+) and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange potentiate methamphetamine-induced dopamine neurotoxicity: possible role of ionic dysregulation in methamphetamine neurotoxicity. J Neurochem 2001; 77:1348-62. [PMID: 11389186 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although the neurotoxic potential of methamphetamine (METH) is well established, underlying mechanisms have yet to be identified. In the present study, we sought to determine whether ionic dysregulation was a feature of METH neurotoxicity. In particular, we reasoned that if METH impairs the function of Na(+)/H(+) and/or Na(+)/Ca(2+) antiporters by compromising the inward Na(+) gradient [via prolonged DA transporter (DAT) activation and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase inhibition], then amiloride (AMIL) and other inhibitors of Na(+)/H(+) and/or Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange would potentiate METH neurotoxicity. To test this hypothesis, mice were treated with METH alone or in combination with AMIL or one of its analogs; 1 week later, the animals were killed for studies of dopamine (DA) neuronal integrity. AMIL markedly potentiated the toxic effect of METH on DA neurons. Potentiation was not caused by increased core temperature, enhanced DAT activity or higher METH brain levels. The DAT inhibitor, WIN-35,428, protected completely against METH-induced DA neurotoxicity in AMIL pretreated animals, suggesting that the potentiating effects of AMIL require a METH/DAT interaction. Findings with METH and AMIL were extended to six other AMIL analogs (MIA, EIPA, DIMA, BENZ, BEP, DiCBNZ), another species (rats), and neuronal type (5-HT neurons). These results support the notion that ionic dysregulation may play a role in METH neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Callahan
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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Callahan BT, Cord BJ, Ricaurte GA. Long-term impairment of anterograde axonal transport along fiber projections originating in the rostral raphe nuclei after treatment with fenfluramine or methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Synapse 2001; 40:113-21. [PMID: 11252022 DOI: 10.1002/syn.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To further evaluate the serotonin (5-HT) neurotoxic potential of substituted amphetamines, we used tritiated proline to examine anterograde transport along ascending axonal projections originating in the rostral raphe nuclei of animals treated 3 weeks previously with (+/-)fenfluramine (FEN, 10 mg/kg, every 2 h x 4 injections; i.p.) or (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 20 mg/kg, twice daily for 4 days; s.c.). The documented 5-HT neurotoxin, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT, 75 microg; ICV; 30 min after pretreatment with pargyline, 50 mg/kg; i.p., and desipramine 25 mg/kg; i.p.), served as a positive control. Along with anterograde axonal transport, we measured two 5-HT axonal markers, 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). Prior treatment with FEN or MDMA led to marked reductions in anterograde transport of labeled material to various forebrain regions known to receive 5-HT innervation. These reductions were associated with lasting decrements in 5-HT axonal markers. In general, decreases in axonal transport were less pronounced than those in 5-HT and 5-HIAA. However, identical changes were observed after 5,7-DHT. These results further indicate that FEN and MDMA, like 5,7-DHT, are 5-HT neurotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- B T Callahan
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 5001 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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