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Zuziak M, Ezzati M. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; 403:1027-1050. [PMID: 38432237 PMCID: PMC7615769 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5-19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). FINDINGS From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. INTERPRETATION The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity. FUNDING UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK), and European Union.
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MY, Nicolescu R, Nie P, Nieto-Martínez RE, Nikitin YP, Ning G, Ninomiya T, Nishi N, Nishtar S, Noale M, Noboa OA, Nogueira H, Nordendahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Noto D, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Nsour MA, Nuhoğlu I, Nunes B, Nurk E, Nuwaha F, Nyirenda M, O’Neill TW, O’Reilly D, Obreja G, Ochimana C, Ochoa-Avilés AM, Oda E, Odili AN, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohlsson C, Ohtsuka R, Olafsson Ö, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Omar MA, Omar SM, Onat A, Ong SK, Onland-Moret NC, Ono LM, Ordunez P, Ornelas R, Ortiz AP, Ortiz PJ, Osler M, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Paccaud FM, Pagkalos I, Pahomova E, de Paiva KM, Pająk A, Palloni A, Palmieri L, Pan WH, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Panza F, Paoli M, Papadopoulou SK, Papandreou D, Pareja RG, Park SW, Park S, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pascanu IM, Pasquet P, Patel ND, Pattussi M, Pavlyshyn H, Pechlaner R, Pećin I, Pednekar MS, Pedro JM, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Peres MA, Pérez CM, Peterkova V, Peters A, Petersmann A, Petkeviciene J, Petrauskiene A, Kovtun OP, Pettenuzzo E, Peykari N, Pfeiffer N, Phall MC, Pham ST, Pichardo RN, Pierannunzio D, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pistelli F, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Pizarro AN, Plans-Rubió P, Platonova AG, Poh BK, Pohlabeln H, Polka NS, Pop RM, Popovic SR, Porta M, Posch G, Poudyal A, Poulimeneas D, Pouraram H, Pourfarzi F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Pradeepa R, Price AJ, Price JF, Prista A, Providencia R, Puder JJ, Pudule I, Puiu M, Punab M, Qadir MS, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Quintana HK, Quiroga-Padilla PJ, Bao TQ, Rach S, Radic I, Radisauskas R, Rahimikazerooni S, Rahman M, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rajabov T, Rakhmatulloev S, Rakovac I, Rao SR, Ramachandran A, Ramadan OPC, Ramires VV, Ramke J, Ramos E, Ramos R, Rampal L, Rampal S, Rangelova LS, Rarra V, Rascon-Pacheco RA, Rech CR, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Renner JDP, Repasy JA, Reuter CP, Revilla L, Rezaianzadeh A, Rho Y, Ribas-Barba L, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Richter A, Rigo F, Rigotti A, Rinaldo N, Rinke de Wit TF, Rito AI, Ritti-Dias RM, Rivera JA, Roa RG, Robinson L, Robitaille C, Roccaldo R, Rodrigues D, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Rodríguez AY, Roggenbuck U, Rohloff P, Rohner F, Rojas-Martinez R, Rojroongwasinkul N, Romaguera D, Romeo EL, Rosario RV, Rosengren A, Rouse I, Rouzier V, Roy JGR, Ruano MH, Rubinstein A, Rühli FJ, Ruidavets JB, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Ruiz-Castell M, Moreno ER, Rusakova IA, Jonsson KR, Russo P, Rust P, Rutkowski M, Saamel M, Sabanayagam C, Sabbaghi H, Sacchini E, Sachdev HS, Sadjadi A, Safarpour AR, Safi S, Safiri S, Saghi MH, Saidi O, Saki N, Šalaj S, Salanave B, Martinez ES, Saleva C, Salmerón D, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Samoutian M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Rodríguez IS, Sandjaja, Sans S, Marina LS, Santacruz E, Santos DA, Santos IS, Santos LC, Santos MP, Santos O, Santos R, Santos TR, Saramies JL, Sardinha LB, Sarrafzadegan N, Sathish T, Saum KU, Savva S, Savy M, Sawada N, Sbaraini M, Scazufca M, Schaan BD, Rosario AS, Schargrodsky H, Schienkiewitz A, Schindler K, Schipf S, Schmidt CO, Schmidt IM, Schneider A, Schnohr P, Schöttker B, Schramm S, Schramm S, Schröder H, Schultsz C, Schulze MB, Schutte AE, Sebert S, Sedaghattalab M, Selamat R, Sember V, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Sequera G, Serra-Majem L, Servais J, Ševčíková Ľ, Shalnova S, Shamah-Levy T, Shamshirgaran SM, Shanthirani CS, Sharafkhah M, Sharma SK, Shaw JE, Shayanrad A, Shayesteh AA, Shengelia L, Shi Z, Shibuya K, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Shimony T, Shiri R, Shrestha N, Si-Ramlee K, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Sidossis LS, Silitrari N, Silva AM, de Moura Silva CR, Silva DAS, Silva KS, Sim X, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjöberg A, Sjöström M, Skoblina NA, Skodje G, Slazhnyova T, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, So HK, Soares FC, Sobek G, Sobngwi E, Sodemann M, Söderberg S, Soekatri MYE, Soemantri A, Sofat R, Solfrizzi V, Somi MH, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Soofi S, Sørensen TIA, Sørgjerd EP, Jérome CS, Soto-Rojas VE, Soumaré A, Sousa-Poza A, Sovic S, Sparboe-Nilsen B, Sparrenberger K, Spencer PR, Spinelli A, Spiroski I, Staessen JA, Stamm H, Staub K, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stevanović R, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stokwiszewski J, Stoyanova E, Stratton G, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Sturua L, Suárez-Medina R, Suka M, Sun CA, Sun L, Sundström J, Sung YT, Sunyer J, Suriyawongpaisal P, Sweis NWG, Swinburn BA, Sy RG, Sylva RC, Szklo M, Szponar L, Tabone L, Tai ES, Tambalis KD, Tammesoo ML, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanrygulyyeva M, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarp J, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Braunerová RT, Taylor A, Taylor J, Tchibindat F, Te Velde S, Tebar WR, Tell GS, Tello T, Tham YC, Thankappan KR, Theobald H, Theodoridis X, Thomas N, Thorand B, Thuesen BH, Tichá Ľ, Timmermans EJ, Tjandrarini DH, Tjonneland A, Tolonen HK, Tolstrup JS, Topbas M, Topór-Mądry R, Torheim LE, Tormo MJ, Tornaritis MJ, Torrent M, Torres-Collado L, 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Zhao D, Zhao MH, Zhao W, Zhecheva YV, Zhen S, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zins M, Zitt E, Zocalo Y, Zoghlami N, Cisneros JZ, Zuziak M, Bhutta ZA, Black RE, Ezzati M. Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development. Nature 2023; 615:874-883. [PMID: 36991188 PMCID: PMC10060164 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1-6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5-19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m-2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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Wanderley Júnior RDS, Queiroz DDR, Guerra PH, Martins CL, Hardman CM, Umpierre D, da Silva LR, Souza Filho AND, Azevedo Cavalcante FVS, Sandreschi PF, Barros MVGD. Correlatos de atividade física e comportamento sedentário em crianças pré-escolares sul-americanas: revisão de escopo. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2022. [PMID: 34131427 PMCID: PMC9168416 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2022.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo.
Sintetizar os achados sobre correlatos da atividade física (AF) e do comportamento sedentário (CS) em crianças sul-americanas.
Método.
Realizou-se uma busca dos artigos no período de 24 de junho até 27 de outubro de 2020, nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus e Web of Science. Para ampliar a busca, foram examinadas as referências dos artigos de revisão identificados e realizada uma consulta a um painel de especialistas. Foram incluídos estudos com delineamentos observacional e de intervenção com foco em crianças sul-americanas de zero a 5 anos de idade.
Resultados.
Dos 3 111 artigos inicialmente identificados, 18 foram elegíveis: 14 com delineamento observacional, 12 realizados no Brasil e 17 conduzidos com pré-escolares (3 a 5 anos de idade). Além do Brasil, os únicos países representados foram o Chile e o Equador. A AF e o CS foram medidos por acelerômetros em sete estudos, porém houve alta variabilidade nos instrumentos e pontos de corte usados. Embora as crianças tenham sido consideradas fisicamente ativas em 12 estudos, seis estudos mostraram que elas despendiam muito tempo em CS. Os domínios de influência mais avaliados foram o individual (14 estudos) e o interpessoal (11 estudos), seguidos pelo ambiental (oito estudos) e o político (um estudo). As intervenções no contexto escolar (quatro estudos) aumentaram os níveis de AF e diminuíram o tempo em CS. Entretanto, as evidências dos estudos transversais e de intervenção apresentaram alto risco de viés.
Conclusão.
Diante das lacunas identificadas, recomendam-se estudos com delineamentos robustos que incluam mais países sul-americanos, com foco em bebês e crianças com menos de 3 anos de idade e que investiguem correlatos dos domínios ambiental e político.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel da Rocha Queiroz
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Educação Física, Recife (PE), Brasil
| | | | - Clarice Lucena Martins
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Departamento de Educação Física, João Pessoa (PB), Brasil
| | - Carla Menêses Hardman
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Educação Física, Recife (PE), Brasil
| | - Daniel Umpierre
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil
| | - Larissa Rosa da Silva
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Departamento de Educação Física, Marechal Candido Rondon (PR), Brasil
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Gazzinelli A, Gehring U, Geleijnse JM, George R, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Gheorghe-Fronea OF, Ghimire A, Gialluisi A, Giampaoli S, Gieger C, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Gkiouras K, Goldberg M, Goldsmith RA, Gomez LF, Gomula A, Gonçalves H, Gonçalves M, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva B, Gonzalez-Chica DA, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gonzalez AR, Gorbea MB, Gottrand F, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Grodzicki T, Grosso G, Gruden G, Gu D, Guan OP, Gudmundsson EF, Gudnason V, Guerrero R, Guessous I, Guimaraes AL, Gulliford MC, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gunter MJ, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gureje O, Gurzkowska B, Gutierrez L, Gutzwiller F, Ha S, Hadaegh F, Haghshenas R, Hakimi H, Halkjær J, Hambleton IR, Hamzeh B, Hange D, Hanif AAM, Hantunen S, Hao J, Hardman CM, Hari Kumar R, Hashemi-Shahri SM, Hata J, Haugsgjerd T, Hayes AJ, He Y, Heier M, Hendriks ME, Henrique RDS, Henriques A, Hernandez Cadena L, Herqutanto, Herrala S, Heshmat R, Hill AG, Ho SY, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Holdsworth M, Homayounfar R, Horasan Dinc G, Horimoto ARVR, Hormiga CM, Horta BL, Houti L, Howitt C, Htay TT, Htet AS, Htike MMT, Hu Y, Huerta JM, Huhtaniemi IT, Huiart L, Huisman M, Husseini AS, Huybrechts I, Hwalla N, Iacoviello L, Iannone AG, Ibrahim MM, Ibrahim Wong N, Ikram MA, Iotova V, Irazola VE, Ishida T, Isiguzo GC, Islam M, Islam SMS, Iwasaki M, Jackson RT, Jacobs JM, Jaddou HY, Jafar T, James K, Jamrozik K, Janszky I, Janus E, Jarvelin MR, Jasienska G, Jelaković A, Jelaković B, Jennings G, Jha AK, Jiang CQ, Jimenez RO, Jöckel KH, Joffres M, Johansson M, Jokelainen JJ, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Joukar F, Jóżwiak J, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Jureša V, Kaaks R, Kafatos A, Kajantie EO, Kalmatayeva Z, Kalpourtzi N, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kampmann FB, Kannan S, Karaglani E, Kårhus LL, Karki KB, Katibeh M, Katz J, Kauhanen J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Kazakbaeva GM, Keil U, Keinan Boker L, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Kelishadi R, Kemper HCG, Keramati M, Kerimkulova A, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khalili D, Khaw KT, Kheiri B, Kheradmand M, Khosravi A, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Kiechl S, Killewo J, Kim DW, Kim J, Klakk H, Klimek M, Klumbiene J, Knoflach M, Kolle E, Kolsteren P, Kontto JP, Korpelainen R, Korrovits P, Kos J, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Kowlessur S, Koziel S, Kratenova J, Kriaucioniene V, Kristensen PL, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Kruger HS, Kubinova R, Kuciene R, Kujala UM, Kulaga Z, Kumar RK, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Kutsenko V, Kuulasmaa K, Kyobutungi C, Laatikainen T, Lachat C, Laid Y, Lam TH, Landrove O, Lanska V, Lappas G, Larijani B, Latt TS, Le Coroller G, Le Nguyen Bao K, Le TD, Lee J, Lee J, Lehmann N, Lehtimäki T, Lemogoum D, Levitt NS, Li Y, Lilly CL, Lim WY, Lima-Costa MF, Lin X, Lin YT, Lind L, Lingam V, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Lo WC, Loit HM, Lopez-Garcia E, Lopez T, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Lukačević Lovrenčić I, Lukrafka JL, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lundqvist R, Lunet N, Lustigová M, Luszczki E, Ma G, Ma J, Machado-Coelho GLL, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Macia E, Macieira LM, Madar AA, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Magriplis E, Mahasampath G, Maire B, Majer M, Makdisse M, Malekzadeh F, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Mallikharjuna Rao K, Malyutina SK, Maniego LV, Manios Y, Mann JI, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Manzato E, Marcil A, Mårild SB, Marinović Glavić M, Marques-Vidal P, Marques LP, Marrugat J, Martorell R, Mascarenhas LP, Matasin M, Mathiesen EB, Mathur P, Matijasevich A, Matlosz P, Matsha TE, Mavrogianni C, Mbanya JCN, Mc Donald Posso AJ, McFarlane SR, McGarvey ST, McLachlan S, McLean RM, McLean SB, McNulty BA, Mediene Benchekor S, Medzioniene J, Mehdipour P, Mehlig K, Mehrparvar AH, Meirhaeghe A, Meisinger C, Mendoza Montano C, Menezes AMB, Menon GR, Mereke A, Meshram II, Metspalu A, Meyer HE, Mi J, Michels N, Mikkel K, Milkowska K, Miller JC, Minderico CS, Mini GK, Mirjalili MR, Mirrakhimov E, Mišigoj-Duraković M, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohajer B, Mohamed MK, Mohamed SF, Mohammad K, Mohammadi MR, Mohammadi Z, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Mohd Yusoff MF, Mohebbi I, Mohebi F, Moitry M, Møllehave LT, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Monterrubio-Flores E, Monyeki KDK, Moon JS, Moosazadeh M, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morgan K, Moschonis G, Mossakowska M, Mostafa A, Mostafavi SA, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Moura-dos-Santos MA, Mridha MK, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muhihi AJ, Muiesan ML, Müller-Nurasyid M, Murphy N, Mursu J, Musa KI, Musić Milanović S, Musil V, Mustafa N, Nabipour I, Naderimagham S, Nagel G, Naidu BM, Najafi F, Nakamura H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Narake S, Ndiaye NC, Neal WA, Nejatizadeh A, Nenko I, Neovius M, Nguyen CT, Nguyen ND, Nguyen QV, Nguyen QN, Nieto-Martínez RE, Niiranen TJ, Nikitin YP, Ninomiya T, Nishtar S, Njelekela MA, Noale M, Noboa OA, Noorbala AA, Norat T, Nordendahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Noto D, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Nsour MA, Nunes B, O'Neill TW, O'Reilly D, Ochimana C, Oda E, Odili AN, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohtsuka R, Olié V, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Omar MA, Onat A, Ong SK, Ono LM, Ordunez P, Ornelas R, Ortiz PJ, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Paccaud FM, Padez C, Pahomova E, Paiva KMD, Pająk A, Palli D, Palmieri L, Pan WH, Panda-Jonas S, Panza F, Paoli M, Papandreou D, Park SW, Park S, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pasquet P, Patel ND, Pavlyshyn H, Pećin I, Pednekar MS, Pedro JM, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Peres KGDA, Peres MA, Peters A, Petkeviciene J, Peykari N, Pham ST, Pichardo RN, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Pizarro AN, Plans-Rubió P, Polašek O, Porta M, Poudyal A, Pourfarzi F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Pradeepa R, Price AJ, Price JF, Providencia R, Puhakka SE, Puiu M, Punab M, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Queiroz D, Quoc Bao T, Radić I, Radisauskas R, Rahimikazerooni S, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rakhimova EM, Ramachandra Rao S, Ramachandran A, Ramos E, Rampal L, Rampal S, Rangel Reina DA, Rarra V, Rech CR, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Revilla L, Rezaianzadeh A, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Richter A, Rigo F, Rinke de Wit TF, Ritti-Dias RM, Robitaille C, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodriguez-Perez MDC, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Roggenbuck U, Rojas-Martinez R, Romaguera D, Romeo EL, Rosengren A, Roy JGR, Rubinstein A, Ruidavets JB, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Ruiz-Castell M, Rusakova IA, Russo P, Rutkowski M, Sabanayagam C, Sabbaghi H, Sachdev HS, Sadjadi A, Safarpour AR, Safi S, Safiri S, Saidi O, Sakarya S, Saki N, Salanave B, Salazar Martinez E, Salmerón D, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Sans S, Santos DA, Santos IS, Santos LC, Santos MP, Santos R, Saramies JL, Sardinha LB, Sarganas G, Sarrafzadegan N, Sathish T, Saum KU, Savva S, Sawada N, Sbaraini M, Scazufca M, Schaan BD, Schargrodsky H, Schipf S, Schmidt CO, Schnohr P, Schöttker B, Schramm S, Schultsz C, Schutte AE, Sebert S, Sein AA, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Servais J, Shalnova SA, Shamah-Levy T, Shamshirgaran M, Shanthirani CS, Sharafkhah M, Sharma SK, Shaw JE, Shayanrad A, Shayesteh AA, Shi Z, Shibuya K, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Shin DW, Shirani M, Shiri R, Shrestha N, Si-Ramlee K, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Silva CRDM, Silva DAS, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjöström M, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, So HK, Soares FC, Sobngwi E, Söderberg S, Soemantri A, Sofat R, Solfrizzi V, Somi MH, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Sørensen TIA, Sørgjerd EP, Sorić M, Sossa Jérome C, Soumaré A, Sparboe-Nilsen B, Sparrenberger K, Staessen JA, Starc G, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stocks T, Stokwiszewski J, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Suka M, Sun CA, Sung YT, Suriyawongpaisal P, Sy RG, Syddall HE, Sylva RC, Szklo M, Tai ES, Tammesoo ML, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Taylor A, Taylor J, Tebar WR, Tell GS, Tello T, Tham YC, Thankappan KR, Theobald H, Theodoridis X, Thijs L, Thinggaard M, Thomas N, Thorand B, Thuesen BH, Timmermans EJ, Tjandrarini DH, Tjonneland A, Toft U, Tolonen HK, Tolstrup JS, Topbas M, Topór-Madry R, Tormo MJ, Tornaritis MJ, Torrent M, Torres-Collado L, Touloumi G, Traissac P, Triantafyllou A, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Trinh OTH, Trivedi A, Tshepo L, Tsugane S, Tuliakova AM, Tulloch-Reid MK, Tullu F, Tuomainen TP, Tuomilehto J, Turley ML, Twig G, Tynelius P, Tzourio C, Ueda P, Ugel E, Ulmer H, Uusitalo HMT, Valdivia G, Valvi D, van Dam RM, van den Born BJ, Van der Heyden J, van der Schouw YT, Van Herck K, Van Minh H, Van Schoor NM, van Valkengoed IGM, van Zutphen EM, Vanderschueren D, Vanuzzo D, Varbo A, Vasan SK, Vega T, Veidebaum T, Velasquez-Melendez G, Veronesi G, Verschuren WMM, Verstraeten R, Victora CG, Viet L, Villalpando S, Vineis P, Vioque J, Virtanen JK, Visvikis-Siest S, Viswanathan B, Vlasoff T, Vollenweider P, Voutilainen A, Wade AN, Walton J, Wambiya EOA, Wan Bebakar WM, Wan Mohamud WN, Wanderley Júnior RDS, Wang MD, Wang N, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang YX, Wang YW, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Wei W, Weres A, Werner B, Whincup PH, Widhalm K, Wiecek A, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Willeit P, Williams EA, Wilsgaard T, Wojtyniak B, Wong-McClure RA, Wong A, Wong TY, Woo J, Wu FC, Wu S, Wyszynska J, Xu H, Xu L, Yaacob NA, Yan W, Yang L, Yang X, Yang Y, Yasuharu T, Ye X, Yiallouros PK, Yoosefi M, Yoshihara A, You SL, Younger-Coleman NO, Yusoff AF, Zainuddin AA, Zakavi SR, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zapata ME, Zaw KK, Zejglicova K, Zeljkovic Vrkic T, Zeng Y, Zhang L, Zhang ZY, Zhao D, Zhao MH, Zhen S, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhu D, Zins M, Zitt E, Zocalo Y, Zoghlami N, Zuñiga Cisneros J, Ezzati M. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. Lancet 2021; 398:957-980. [PMID: 34450083 PMCID: PMC8446938 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 938] [Impact Index Per Article: 312.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING WHO.
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Wanderley Júnior RDS, Queiroz DDR, Guerra PH, Martins CL, Hardman CM, Umpierre D, da Silva LR, de Souza Filho AN, Azevedo Cavalcante FVS, Sandreschi PF, de Barros MVG. [Avoidable childhood deaths: an analysis by department and municipality in Colombia (2000-2018)Mortalidade infantil por causas evitáveis: uma análise por departamento e município na Colômbia (2000-2018)]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2021; 46:e64. [PMID: 34131427 PMCID: PMC9168416 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2021.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion of potentially avoidable deaths in children under five in Colombia, by department and municipality of residence, during the period from 2000 through 2018. METHODS A multi-group and longitudinal ecological study was conducted in 33 departments and 1 118 municipalities over a period of 19 years. The deaths were classified as probably unavoidable or avoidable; the latter were then identified as treatable, preventable, or mixed; and a proportion was calculated relative to the total. Finally, clusters were created by municipality and by department and depicted in coropleth maps. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2018, Colombia reported 228 942 deaths of children under five, of which 91.4% were avoidable (68.2% treatable, 6.8% preventable, and 16.5% mixed) with no difference by sex. At the national level, the proportion of avoidability declined from 93.5% to 88.5% during this period. César was the department with the largest proportion of avoidable deaths (94.1%), compared with Santander, which had the smallest (89.0%). At the municipal level, all the deaths were potentially avoidable in 99 municipalities, whereas Palmar (Santander) had the least (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS Nine out of 10 of the deaths that occurred in children under five in Colombia during 2000-2018 could have been avoided, mainly through early and better quality medical care. Sizable differences were observed between subnational territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)Departamento de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Educação Física, Recife (PE), Brasil.
| | - Daniel da Rocha Queiroz
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)Departamento de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Educação Física, Recife (PE), Brasil.
| | - Paulo Henrique Guerra
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS)ChapecóSCBrasilUniversidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Chapecó (SC), Brasil.
| | - Clarice Lucena Martins
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)Departamento de Educação FísicaJoão PessoaPBBrasilUniversidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Departamento de Educação Física, João Pessoa (PB), Brasil.
| | - Carla Menêses Hardman
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)Departamento de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Departamento de Educação Física, Recife (PE), Brasil.
| | - Daniel Umpierre
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)Departamento de Saúde ColetivaPorto AlegreRSBrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil.
| | - Larissa Rosa da Silva
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste)Departamento de Educação FísicaMarechal Candido RondonPRBrasilUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Departamento de Educação Física, Marechal Candido Rondon (PR), Brasil.
| | - Anastácio Neco de Souza Filho
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)Departamento de Educação FísicaJoão PessoaPBBrasilUniversidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Departamento de Educação Física, João Pessoa (PB), Brasil.
| | | | - Paula Fabricio Sandreschi
- Ministério da SaúdeSecretaria de Atenção Primária à SaúdeBrasíliaDFBrasilMinistério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde, Brasília (DF), Brasil.
| | - Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros
- Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE)Escola Superior de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Escola Superior de Educação Física, Recife (PE), Brasil.
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Queiroz DDR, Aguilar JA, Martins Guimarães TG, Hardman CM, Lima RA, Duncan MJ, Santos MAMD, de Barros MVG. Association between body mass index, physical activity and motor competence in children: moderation analysis by different environmental contexts. Ann Hum Biol 2020; 47:417-424. [PMID: 32613892 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1779815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the association between body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA) and motor competence (MC) has been widely investigated, the influence of different environmental contexts is not well defined. AIM To analyse the relationship between BMI, PA and MC and the moderating role of the environmental context. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed with 668 children (318 boys) aged 5-7 years (north-eastern district - Brazil). MC (Körper koordination test fur Kinder; KTK), BMI and PA (parent reporting) were assessed. To classify three contexts of the environment a variable was created based on the presence of a sports court in school and/or environment for play or sports practice out of school. Multilevel mixed-effects linear regressions, interaction test and estimation of coefficients in moderation analysis were used. RESULTS BMI (β = -2.93; p < .01) and age (β = 19.02; p < .01) were associated, and PA was not associated (β = 0.07; p = .05) with MC. The strength of the association between BMI and MC changed based on the environmental contexts. The better the environment context the weaker the association between BMI and MC (β = -2.93, p < .01 to β = -2.38, p = .33 to β = 0.26, p = .94). CONCLUSIONS The association between BMI and MC is moderated by environmental contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michael J Duncan
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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Barros SSH, Nahas MV, Hardman CM, Bezerra J, Barros MVGD. Longitudinal follow-up of physical activity from preschool to school age: the ELOS-Pré study. Rev bras cineantropom desempenho hum 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2019v21e59242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to verify if the practice of physical activity in the preschool age (3-5 years) is predictive of this behavior after entering the school age (5-7 years).A longitudinal, school-based study with 700 children enrolled in public and private schools of the city of Recife, Pernambuco, who were evaluated in 2010 and followed in 2012. The study variables were the time spent in outdoor games and plays (a measure referred to by the parents / guardians of children through questionnaire applied as an interview) and the level of physical activity (objective measure obtained by the Actigraph accelerometer). The latter measure was extracted from a subsample (n = 98) of children. To analyze data, binary logistic regression was used. Children who spent 60+ minutes per day in this type of activity were 45% more likely of maintaining this behavior after entering the school age (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.02-2.07, p = 0.04). In addition, children who presented global NAF measure of 300+ counts / minute in 2010 were 173% more likely of maintaining this level of physical activity after entering the school age (OR = 2.73, 95% CI, 98-7.59, p = 0.06). It was verified that the practice of physical activity in the preschool age is a predictor of this behavior after entering the school age. It is suggested the development of campaigns to inform parents and teachers about the importance of early adherence to physical activity recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jorge Bezerra
- University of Pernambuco, Brazil; University of Pernambuco, Brazil
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Hardman CM, Wanderley Júnior RDS, Oliveira ESAD, Barros MVGD. Relação entre atividade física e IMC com o nível de desempenho motor coordenado de crianças em idade escolar. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 2017. [DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n1p50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n1p50 International studies have shown that motor coordination was inversely associated with adiposity, and directly associated with other health outcomes. However, there are few national studies addressing this issue and the results are divergent. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between physical activity and body mass index (BMI) with the level of motor coordination performance in children. This cross-sectional study was performed with children aged 5-7 years old. The level of motor performance was evaluated by normative data of the motor quotients assessed by KTK test. BMI was calculated by body weight and height. The level of physical activity was assessed by a questionnaire applied by interviewers with parents. Statistical analysis was performed by Spearman and Pearson test, and multiple linear regression. The sample included 665 children with mean age of 6.29 (± 0.75) years old, and 52.6% were male. It was verified which total motor quotient (TMQ) was directly related to physical activity score (0.096; p = 0.013) and inversely related to BMI (-0.284; p<0.001). The relationship between BMI and TMQ was moderated by family income. BMI was inversely related to the level of motor performance, and the score of physical activity was directly related to the level of motor performance in children in a higher family income.
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Santos SJD, Hardman CM, Barros SSH, Santos CDFBF, Barros MVGD. Erratum on “Association between physical activity, participation in Physical Education classes, and social isolation in adolescents”. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Dos Santos SJ, Hardman CM, Barros SSH, Santos CDFBF, de Barros MVG. Erratum on "Association between physical activity, participation in Physical Education classes, and social isolation in adolescents". J Pediatr (Rio J) 2016; 92:213. [PMID: 27036750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simone José Dos Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Hebiatria, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.
| | - Carla Menêses Hardman
- Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Simone Storino Honda Barros
- Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Virgilio Gomes de Barros
- Post-graduate Program in Hebiatria, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Camaragibe, PE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Xavier ICDVM, Hardman CM, Andrade MLSDS, de Barros MVG. Frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks: a comparative study among adolescents in urban and rural areas. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2015; 17:371-80. [PMID: 24918410 DOI: 10.1590/1809-4503201400020007eng] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks among adolescents living in urban and rural areas of Pernambuco State. METHODS A cross-sectional study based on secondary analysis of data from a representative sample of high school students in Pernambuco (n = 4,207, 14 - 19 years) was conducted. Data were collected through a previously validated questionnaire. Adolescents who reported a daily consumption of soft drinks and occasional consumption of fruits, juices and vegetables were classified as exposed to inadequate standard of consumption of these foods. The independent variable was the place of residence (urban/rural). Data were analyzed by frequency distribution, χ2 test and binary logistic regression. RESULTS It was observed that students residing in rural areas had a higher prevalence of occasional consumption of natural fruit juices (37.6%; 95%CI 36.1 - 39.0) than those living in urban areas (32.1%; 95%CI 30.7 - 33.6). The proportion of students exposed to daily consumption of soft drinks was higher among those who reported they lived in urban areas (65.0%; 95%CI 63.5 - 66.4) compared to those who reported living in rural areas (55.3%; 95%CI 53.8 - 56.9). CONCLUSION Adolescent students living in rural areas had a higher prevalence of low consumption of natural fruit juices while those residing in urban areas had a higher prevalence of daily consumption of soda drinks.
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Santos SJD, Hardman CM, Barros SSH, Santos da Franca C, Barros MVGD. Association between physical activity, participation in Physical Education classes, and social isolation in adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2015; 91:543-50. [PMID: 26113429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between physical activity, participation in Physical Education classes, and indicators of social isolation among adolescents. METHODS This was an epidemiological study based on secondary analysis of data from a representative sample of students (14-19 years) from public high schools (n=4,207). Data were collected through the questionnaire Global School-based Student Health Survey. The independent variables were the level of physical activity and enrollment in Physical Education classes, while the dependent variables were two indicators of social isolation (feeling of loneliness and having few friends). Descriptive and inferential procedures were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS Most of the adolescents were classified as insufficiently active (65.1%) and reported not attending Physical Education classes (64.9%). Approximately two in each ten participants reported feeling of loneliness (15.8%) and, in addition, about one in each five adolescents reported have only one friend (19.5%). In the bivariate analysis, a significantly lower proportion of individuals reporting social isolation was observed among adolescents who referred higher enrollment in Physical Education classes. After adjustment for confounding variables, binary logistic regression showed that attending Physical Education classes was identified as a protective factor in relation to the indicator of social isolation 'having few friends,' but only for girls. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that participation in Physical Education classes is associated with reduced social isolation among female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone José dos Santos
- Post-graduate Program in Hebiatria, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Camaragibe, PE, Brazil.
| | - Carla Menêses Hardman
- Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Simone Storino Honda Barros
- Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Virgilio Gomes de Barros
- Post-graduate Program in Hebiatria, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Camaragibe, PE, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Santos SJD, Hardman CM, Barros SSH, Barros MVGD. Association between physical activity, participation in Physical Education classes, and social isolation in adolescents. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Andrade da Silva JR, Correia Lemos E, Menêses Hardman C, Santos SJ, de Cerqueira Antunes MB. Educação em saúde na estratégia de saúde da família: percepção dos profissionais. RBPS 2015. [DOI: 10.5020/18061230.2015.p75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Hardman CM, Barros MVGD, Lopes AS, Lima RA, Bezerra J, Nahas MV. Efetividade de uma intervenção de base escolar sobre o tempo de tela em estudantes do ensino médio. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 2014. [DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2014v16s1p25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Sousa TFD, Nahas MV, Hardman CM, Garcia LMT, Del Duca GF, Assis MAAD. Efeitos de uma intervenção sobre a obesidade geral e abdominal em escolares: projeto Saúde na Boa. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 2014. [DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2014v16s1p46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência e identificar fatores associados à inatividade física nos deslocamentos para o trabalho em trabalhadores da indústria do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Dados para realização desse estudo transversal foram coletados numa amostra com 1.910 trabalhadores mediante utilização de questionário previamente validado. Informações sobre a prática de atividades físicas nos deslocamentos foram obtidas pelo tempo despendido e pelo modo como os sujeitos relataram que se deslocavam para ir ao trabalho, na maioria dos dias da semana. Análise dos dados foi realizada por regressão logística binária com modelagem hierárquica. Verificou-se que 84,2% dos trabalhadores são fisicamente inativos nos deslocamentos para o trabalho. Após ajustamento para fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos e outros fatores relacionados à saúde, observou-se tanto em homens quanto em mulheres que a renda familiar e o porte da empresa estavam diretamente associados à inatividade nos deslocamentos para o trabalho. Nos homens, a inatividade nos deslocamentos estava também diretamente associada à escolaridade e à diabetes autorreferida. Concluiu-se que a prevalência de deslocamento inativo é alta e está associada a fatores individuais, sociais e organizacionais.
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Abstract
We report two siblings with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS); the older sister died of acute myeloblastic leukaemia and the younger sister has a slowly progressive leucopenia. Her prognosis is guarded in view of the increased incidence of neoplasms in this condition. More than 200 cases of RTS have now been reported worldwide.1 This is the first report of siblings with haematological disease and RTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Porter
- Department of Dermatology, Imperial College School of Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
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Abstract
We report a patient with four conditions in association with linear IgA disease (LAD), only three of which have been reported previously; these latter are ulcerative colitis, autoimmune thyroid disease and carcinoma of the colon, although the carcinoma may have been caused by the ulcerative colitis in this case. Recently, our patient also presented with respiratory symptoms and was found to have sarcoidosis as well, a previously unreported association of this autoimmune bullous disorder. The aetiology of this development may be related to the patient's HLA status or possibly to his treatment with the immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide; it is also possible that it is coincidental.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Porter
- Department of Dermatology, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, UK
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Abstract
Focal dermal hypoplasia is a rare genodermatosis characterized by developmental defects of the skin, resulting in widespread linear lesions of dermal hypoplasia with adipose tissue in the dermis. We describe a 13-year-old girl who has typical cutaneous lesions which have been present since birth; she also has some of the associated dental, nail and skeletal abnormalities, while an X-ray of the long bones osteopathia striata is visible, a feature seen in a high proportion of cases of focal dermal hypoplasia. Eighty-eight per cent of the case reports in the literature are of females and X-linked dominance is the likely mode of inheritance. It has also been proposed that the condition is lethal in homozygous males and the high frequency of miscarriages on the maternal side of this patient's family is consistent with that lethality in males. The literature, particularly with regard to pathogenesis and inheritance, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hardman
- Department of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London
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Abstract
Renal function was assessed by measuring serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in two groups of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis who had been treated with cyclosporin A (CyA), average dose 2.8 mg/kg per day (range 1-5 mg/kg per day). Group I was our original cohort of nine patients, seven of whom had received CyA for an average period of 10 years (range 9.5-11 years). These seven patients showed a persistent increase in serum creatinine > 30% from baseline measurement and four of the seven had persistent increases > 50%. The GFR, which was first measured after 2.5 years of treatment, showed at 10 years a decrease of > 30% in two patients and of > 50% in one patient. Three of the seven showed stable renal function while two had repeat renal biopsy because of deteriorating renal function and histology showed further evidence of CyA nephrotoxicity compared with that after 5 years' treatment. Two of the nine patients in group I had discontinued CyA 5 years previously after 5 years of treatment because of CyA nephrotoxicity on renal biopsy and impaired renal function. This impairment of renal function showed improvement during the 5 years of follow-up, implying reversibility of CyA nephrotoxicity. The second group of 20 patients had received CyA for an average duration of 6 years (range 5-8 years). Nine of the 20 patients showed persistent increases in serum creatinine of > 30% from baseline and five showed persistent increases of > 50%. The GFR showed a persistent decrease of > 30% in seven patients and of > 50% in two patients. This study has shown that nephrotoxicity is associated with long-term treatment with CyA. However, there is patient variation as to when nephrotoxicity commences and its speed of progression. On discontinuing CyA the impairment of renal function improves with time. Providing renal function is monitored with GFR and renal biopsy in addition to serum creatinine then long-term (5-10 years) CyA treatment can be justified in severe psoriasis not responsive to other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Powles
- Department of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, London, U.K
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Abstract
BACKGROUND People with gluten sensitivity should avoid foods containing wheat, rye, and barley, but there has been debate about whether they should avoid oats. Although patients with celiac disease have recently been shown to tolerate oats, less is known about the effects of oats on patients with dermatitis herpetiformis. METHODS We studied seven men and three women (mean age, 58 years) with biopsy-confirmed dermatitis herpetiformis. They had followed a strict gluten-free diet for a mean of 15.8 years, which controlled their rash and enteropathy. The patients added oats that were not contaminated with gluten to their diets for 12 weeks (mean [+/-SD] daily intake, 62.5+/-10.8 g). RESULTS None of the patients had any adverse effects. Serologic tests for antigliadin, antireticulin, and antiendomysial antibodies were negative before oats were introduced into the diet and after they were discontinued. Villous architecture remained normal: the mean (+/-SE) ratio of the height of villi to the depth of crypts was 3.59+/-0.11 before the diet and 3.71+/-0.09 afterward (normal, 3 to 5), and the mean enterocyte heights were 31.36+/-0.58 microm and 31.75+/-44 microm, respectively (normal range, 29 to 34). Duodenal intraepithelial lymphocyte counts all remained within normal limits (mean, 13.8+/-1.03 per 100 enterocytes before the diet and 14.2+/-1.2 per 100 enterocytes afterward; normal range, 10 to 30). Dermal IgA showed no significant changes. CONCLUSIONS Patients with dermatitis herpetiformis can include moderate amounts of oats in their gluten-free diets without deleterious effects to the skin or intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hardman
- Department of Dermatology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Hardman CM, Baker BS, Lortan J, Breuer J, Surentheran T, Powles A, Fry L. Active psoriasis and profound CD4+ lymphocytopenia. Br J Dermatol 1997; 136:930-2. [PMID: 9217828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the case of a patient with a long-standing history of widespread chronic plaque psoriasis, who was recently found to have a profound CD4+ lymphocytopenia. He is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative. His psoriasis remains active and widespread, and he has had 60 cutaneous malignancies, including many squamous cell carcinomas, excised over the last 10 years. In the past he has had numerous cutaneous viral warts. Despite a low peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell count, similar numbers of activated T cells, identified by double labelling for CD4 and HLA-DR antigens, were found in the epidermis of our patient as other individuals with psoriasis. Thus, there appear to be sufficient activated CD4+ T cells in our patient's psoriatic plaques to maintain the psoriatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hardman
- Department of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, London, U.K
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Abstract
We report the case of a female patient who at presentation fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of dermatomyositis and also had an autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Although autoimmune haemolysis is a well recognized feature of a number of autoimmune disorders, it has not previously been described in association with dermatomyositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Hardman
- Department of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK
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