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Schramm S, Liu LJ, Saad M, Dietz L, Dedden M, Müller TM, Atreya I, Voskens CJ, Atreya R, Neurath MF, Zundler S. Blocking GPR15 counteracts integrin-dependent T cell gut homing in vivo. J Crohns Colitis 2024:jjae012. [PMID: 38243565 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The G protein coupled receptor GPR15 is expressed on and functionally important for T cells homing to the large intestine. However, the precise mechanisms by which GPR15 controls gut homing have been unclear. Thus, we aimed to elucidate these mechanisms as well as to explore the potential of targeting GPR15 for interfering with T cell recruitment to the colon in IBD. METHODS We used dynamic adhesion and transmigration assays as well as a humanized in vivo model of intestinal cell trafficking to study GPR15-dependent effects on gut homing. Moreover, we analysed GPR15 and integrin expression in patients with and without IBD cross-sectionally and longitudinally. RESULTS GPR15 controlled T cell adhesion to MAdCAM-1 and VCAM-1 upstream of α4β7 and α4β1 integrin, respectively. Consistently, high co-expression of these integrins with GPR15 was found on T cells from patients with IBD and GPR15 also promoted T cell recruitment to the colon in humanized mice. Anti-GPR15 antibodies effectively blocked T cell gut homing in vitro and in vivo. In vitro data as well as observations in a cohort of patients treated with vedolizumab suggest that this might be more effective than inhibiting α4β7. CONCLUSIONS GPR15 seems to have a broad, but organ-selective impact on T cell trafficking and is therefore a promising target for future therapy of IBD. Further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schramm
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Marek Saad
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Dietz
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mark Dedden
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Tanja M Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline J Voskens
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
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Müller TM, Liu LJ, Czerwinski T, Wiesinger M, Dedden M, Paap EM, A-M Ullrich K, Atreya I, Siegmund B, Atreya R, Fabry B, Berking C, Neurath MF, Zundler S, Voskens CJ. Increased motility and suppression of ex vivo-expanded regulatory T cells designed for adoptive transfer therapy in ulcerative colitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023:S2352-345X(23)00053-X. [PMID: 37085136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja M Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Tina Czerwinski
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Wiesinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Mark Dedden
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Paap
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Karen A-M Ullrich
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Medical Department, Division of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Caroline J Voskens
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
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Voskens CJ, Stoica D, Roessner S, Vitali F, Zundler S, Rosenberg M, Wiesinger M, Wunder J, Siegmund B, Schuler-Thurner B, Schuler G, Berking C, Atreya R, Neurath MF. Safety and tolerability of a single infusion of autologous ex vivo expanded regulatory T cells in adults with ulcerative colitis (ER-TREG 01): protocol of a phase 1, open-label, fast-track dose-escalation clinical trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e049208. [PMID: 34880013 PMCID: PMC8655533 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence suggests that the adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded regulatory T cells (Treg) may overcome colitogenic immune responses in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. The objective of the ER-TREG 01 trial is to assess safety and tolerability of a single infusion of autologous ex vivo expanded Treg in adults with ulcerative colitis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study is designed as a single-arm, fast-track dose-escalation trial. The study will include 10 patients with ulcerative colitis. The study intervention consists of (1) a baseline visit; (2) a second visit that includes a leukapheresis to generate the investigational medicinal product, (3) a third visit to infuse the investigational medicinal product and (4) five subsequent follow-up visits within the next 26 weeks to assess safety and tolerability. Patients will intravenously receive a single dose of 0.5×106, 1×106, 2×106, 5×106 or 10×106 autologous Treg/kg body weight. The primary objective is to define the maximum tolerable dose of a single infusion of autologous ex vivo expanded Treg. Secondary objectives include the evaluation of safety of one single infusion of autologous ex vivo expanded Treg, efficacy assessment and accompanying immunomonitoring to measure Treg function in the peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (number 417_19 Az). In addition, the study was approved by the Paul-Ehrlich Institute, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany (number 3652/01). The study is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG, KFO 257 project 08 and SFB/TransRegio 241 project C04). The trial will be conducted in compliance with this study protocol, the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice and Good Manufacturing Practice. The results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and disseminated in scientific conferences and media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04691232.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Voskens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diane Stoica
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Roessner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesco Vitali
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marita Rosenberg
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Wiesinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jutta Wunder
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Britta Siegmund
- Department of Medicine (Gastroenterology, Infectiology, Rheumatology), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrice Schuler-Thurner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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Bosch NC, Martin LM, Voskens CJ, Berking C, Seliger B, Schuler G, Schaft N, Dörrie J. A Chimeric IL-15/IL-15Rα Molecule Expressed on NFκB-Activated Dendritic Cells Supports Their Capability to Activate Natural Killer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910227. [PMID: 34638566 PMCID: PMC8508776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, members of the innate immune system, play an important role in the rejection of HLA class I negative tumor cells. Hence, a therapeutic vaccine, which can activate NK cells in addition to cells of the adaptive immune system might induce a more comprehensive cellular response, which could lead to increased tumor elimination. Dendritic cells (DCs) are capable of activating and expanding NK cells, especially when the NFκB pathway is activated in the DCs thereby leading to the secretion of the cytokine IL-12. Another prominent NK cell activator is IL-15, which can be bound by the IL-15 receptor alpha-chain (IL-15Rα) to be transpresented to the NK cells. However, monocyte-derived DCs do neither secrete IL-15, nor express the IL-15Rα. Hence, we designed a chimeric protein consisting of IL-15 and the IL-15Rα. Upon mRNA electroporation, the fusion protein was detectable on the surface of the DCs, and increased the potential of NFκB-activated, IL-12-producing DC to activate NK cells in an autologous cell culture system with ex vivo-generated cells from healthy donors. These data show that a chimeric IL-15/IL-15Rα molecule can be expressed by monocyte-derived DCs, is trafficked to the cell surface, and is functional regarding the activation of NK cells. These data represent an initial proof-of-concept for an additional possibility of further improving cellular DC-based immunotherapies of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi C. Bosch
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (N.C.B.); (B.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen–EMN, NCT WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena-Marie Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Caroline J. Voskens
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen–EMN, NCT WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen–EMN, NCT WERA, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (N.C.B.); (B.S.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Niels Schaft
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Jan Dörrie
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.-M.M.); (C.J.V.); (C.B.); (G.S.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-8531127
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Wiendl M, Becker E, Müller TM, Voskens CJ, Neurath MF, Zundler S. Targeting Immune Cell Trafficking - Insights From Research Models and Implications for Future IBD Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656452. [PMID: 34017333 PMCID: PMC8129496 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifactorial diseases with still unknown aetiology and an increasing prevalence and incidence worldwide. Despite plentiful therapeutic options for IBDs, the lack or loss of response in certain patients demands the development of further treatments to tackle this unmet medical need. In recent years, the success of the anti-α4β7 antibody vedolizumab highlighted the potential of targeting the homing of immune cells, which is now an important pillar of IBD therapy. Due to its complexity, leukocyte trafficking and the involved molecules offer a largely untapped resource for a plethora of potential therapeutic interventions. In this review, we aim to summarise current and future directions of specifically interfering with immune cell trafficking. We will comment on concepts of homing, retention and recirculation and particularly focus on the role of tissue-derived chemokines. Moreover, we will give an overview of the mode of action of drugs currently in use or still in the pipeline, highlighting their mechanisms and potential to reduce disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wiendl
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emily Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja M. Müller
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline J. Voskens
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Mark C, Czerwinski T, Roessner S, Mainka A, Hörsch F, Heublein L, Winterl A, Sanokowski S, Richter S, Bauer N, Angelini TE, Schuler G, Fabry B, Voskens CJ. Cryopreservation impairs 3-D migration and cytotoxicity of natural killer cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5224. [PMID: 33067467 PMCID: PMC7568558 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important effector cells in the immune response to cancer. Clinical trials on adoptively transferred NK cells in patients with solid tumors, however, have thus far been unsuccessful. As NK cells need to pass stringent safety evaluation tests before clinical use, the cells are cryopreserved to bridge the necessary evaluation time. Standard degranulation and chromium release cytotoxicity assays confirm the ability of cryopreserved NK cells to kill target cells. Here, we report that tumor cells embedded in a 3-dimensional collagen gel, however, are killed by cryopreserved NK cells at a 5.6-fold lower rate compared to fresh NK cells. This difference is mainly caused by a 6-fold decrease in the fraction of motile NK cells after cryopreservation. These findings may explain the persistent failure of NK cell therapy in patients with solid tumors and highlight the crucial role of a 3-D environment for testing NK cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Mark
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tina Czerwinski
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Roessner
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Dermatology, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Astrid Mainka
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Hörsch
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lucas Heublein
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Winterl
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sanokowski
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Richter
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nina Bauer
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas E Angelini
- University of Florida, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Dermatology, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Physics, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Caroline J Voskens
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Dermatology, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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Bosch NC, Voll RE, Voskens CJ, Gross S, Seliger B, Schuler G, Schaft N, Dörrie J. NF-κB activation triggers NK-cell stimulation by monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919891622. [PMID: 31853267 PMCID: PMC6909276 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919891622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In therapeutic cancer vaccination, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) efficiently activate specific T-cell responses; however, optimizing the activation of innate immune cells could support and improve the antitumor effects. A major disadvantage of moDCs matured with the standard cytokine cocktail (consisting of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and PGE2) is their inability to secrete IL-12p70. IL-12 prominently activates natural killer (NK) cells, which are crucial in innate antitumor immunity, as they act as helper cells for the induction of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and are also able to directly kill the tumor. Methods: Previously we have shown that triggering the NF-κB pathway in moDCs by transfection of mRNA encoding constitutively active IKKβ (caIKKβ) led to IL-12p70 secretion and improved the dendritic cells’ capability to activate and expand CTLs with a memory-like phenotype. In this study, we examined whether such dendritic cells could activate autologous NK cells. Results: moDCs matured with the standard cytokine cocktail followed by transfection with the caIKKβ-RNA were able to activate autologous NK cells, detected by the upregulation of CD54, CD69, and CD25 on the NK cells, their ability to secrete IFNγ, and their high lytic activity. Moreover, the ability of NK-cell activation was not diminished by simultaneous T-cell activation. Conclusion: The capacity of caIKKβ-DCs to activate both the adaptive and innate immune response indicates an enhanced potential for clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi C Bosch
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Reinhard E Voll
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Caroline J Voskens
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gross
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niels Schaft
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Dörrie
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Research Campus, Hartmannstraße 14, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
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Wiesinger M, Stoica D, Roessner S, Lorenz C, Fischer A, Atreya R, Neufert CF, Atreya I, Scheffold A, Schuler-Thurner B, Neurath MF, Schuler G, Voskens CJ. Good Manufacturing Practice-Compliant Production and Lot-Release of Ex Vivo Expanded Regulatory T Cells As Basis for Treatment of Patients with Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1371. [PMID: 29123521 PMCID: PMC5662555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the exploration of regulatory T cell (Treg)-based cellular therapy has become an attractive strategy to ameliorate inflammation and autoimmunity in various clinical settings. The main obstacle to the clinical application of Treg in human is their low number circulating in peripheral blood. Therefore, ex vivo expansion is inevitable. Moreover, isolation of Treg bears the risk of concurrent isolation of unwanted effector cells, which may trigger or deteriorate inflammation upon adoptive Treg transfer. Here, we present a protocol for the GMP-compliant production, lot-release and validation of ex vivo expanded Tregs for treatment of patients with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. In the presented production protocol, large numbers of Treg, previously enriched from a leukapheresis product by using the CliniMACS® system, are ex vivo expanded in the presence of anti-CD3/anti-CD28 expander beads, exogenous IL-2 and rapamycin during 21 days. The expanded Treg drug product passed predefined lot-release criteria. These criteria include (i) sterility testing, (ii) assessment of Treg phenotype, (iii) assessment of non-Treg cellular impurities, (iv) confirmation of successful anti-CD3/anti-CD28 expander bead removal after expansion, and (v) confirmation of the biological function of the Treg product. Furthermore, the Treg drug product was shown to retain its stability and suppressive function for at least 1 year after freezing and thawing. Also, dilution of the Treg drug product in 0.9% physiological saline did not affect Treg phenotype and Treg function for up to 90 min. These data indicate that these cells are ready to use in a clinical setting in which a cell infusion time of up to 90 min can be expected. The presented production process has recently undergone on site GMP-conform evaluation and received GMP certification from the Bavarian authorities in Germany. This protocol can now be used for Treg-based therapy of various inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Wiesinger
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diane Stoica
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Roessner
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carmen Lorenz
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anika Fischer
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Clemens F Neufert
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline J Voskens
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Voskens CJ, Goldinger SM, Loquai C, Robert C, Kaehler KC, Berking C, Bergmann T, Bockmeyer CL, Eigentler T, Fluck M, Garbe C, Gutzmer R, Grabbe S, Hauschild A, Hein R, Hundorfean G, Justich A, Keller U, Klein C, Mateus C, Mohr P, Paetzold S, Satzger I, Schadendorf D, Schlaeppi M, Schuler G, Schuler-Thurner B, Trefzer U, Ulrich J, Vaubel J, von Moos R, Weder P, Wilhelm T, Göppner D, Dummer R, Heinzerling LM. The price of tumor control: an analysis of rare side effects of anti-CTLA-4 therapy in metastatic melanoma from the ipilimumab network. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53745. [PMID: 23341990 PMCID: PMC3544906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ipilimumab, a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) blocking antibody, has been approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and induces adverse events (AE) in up to 64% of patients. Treatment algorithms for the management of common ipilimumab-induced AEs have lead to a reduction of morbidity, e.g. due to bowel perforations. However, the spectrum of less common AEs is expanding as ipilimumab is increasingly applied. Stringent recognition and management of AEs will reduce drug-induced morbidity and costs, and thus, positively impact the cost-benefit ratio of the drug. To facilitate timely identification and adequate management data on rare AEs were analyzed at 19 skin cancer centers. Methods and Findings Patient files (n = 752) were screened for rare ipilimumab-associated AEs. A total of 120 AEs, some of which were life-threatening or even fatal, were reported and summarized by organ system describing the most instructive cases in detail. Previously unreported AEs like drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), granulomatous inflammation of the central nervous system, and aseptic meningitis, were documented. Obstacles included patientś delay in reporting symptoms and the differentiation of steroid-induced from ipilimumab-induced AEs under steroid treatment. Importantly, response rate was high in this patient population with tumor regression in 30.9% and a tumor control rate of 61.8% in stage IV melanoma patients despite the fact that some patients received only two of four recommended ipilimumab infusions. This suggests that ipilimumab-induced antitumor responses can have an early onset and that severe autoimmune reactions may reflect overtreatment. Conclusion The wide spectrum of ipilimumab-induced AEs demands doctor and patient awareness to reduce morbidity and treatment costs and true ipilimumab success is dictated by both objective tumor responses and controlling severe side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen Loquai
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Caroline Robert
- Institute Gustave Roussy, Department of Dermatology, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Munich LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Clemens L. Bockmeyer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy/Department of Pathology, Skin Cancer Center Hannover/Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Fluck
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Hornheide, Münster, Germany
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy/Department of Pathology, Skin Cancer Center Hannover/Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel Hauschild
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Hein
- Department of Dermatology/III. Medical Department, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Gheorghe Hundorfean
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Pneumology), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin Justich
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ullrich Keller
- Department of Dermatology/III. Medical Department, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Christina Klein
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christine Mateus
- Institute Gustave Roussy, Department of Dermatology, Villejuif, France
| | - Peter Mohr
- Department of Dermatology, Elbe Kliniken Buxtehude, Buxtehude, Germany
| | - Sylvie Paetzold
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Imke Satzger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy/Department of Pathology, Skin Cancer Center Hannover/Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Schlaeppi
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Dermatology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Gerold Schuler
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Trefzer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Ulrich
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Quedlinburg, Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Julia Vaubel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Roger von Moos
- Department of Dermatology, Cantonal Hospital Graubünden, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Weder
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Dermatology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tabea Wilhelm
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela Göppner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucie M. Heinzerling
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Dermatology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Voskens CJ, Sewell D, Hertzano R, DeSanto J, Rollins S, Lee M, Taylor R, Wolf J, Suntharalingam M, Gastman B, Papadimitriou JC, Lu C, Tan M, Morales R, Cullen K, Celis E, Mann D, Strome SE. Induction of MAGE-A3 and HPV-16 immunity by Trojan vaccines in patients with head and neck carcinoma. Head Neck 2012; 34:1734-46. [PMID: 22287423 DOI: 10.1002/hed.22004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We performed a pilot study using Trojan vaccines in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). These vaccines are composed of HLA-I and HLA-II restricted melanoma antigen E (MAGE)-A3 or human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 derived peptides, joined by furin-cleavable linkers, and linked to a "penetrin" peptide sequence derived from HIV-TAT. Thirty-one patients with SCCHN were screened for the trial and 5 were enrolled. METHODS Enrolled patients were treated with 300 μg of Trojan peptide supplemented with Montanide and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) at 4-week intervals for up to 4 injections. RESULTS Following vaccination, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 4 of 5 patients recognized both the full Trojan constructs and constituent HLA-II peptides, whereas responses to HLA-I restricted peptides were less pronounced. CONCLUSION This treatment regimen seems to have acceptable toxicity and elicits measurable systemic immune responses against HLA-II restricted epitopes in a subset of patients with advanced SCCHN.
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Wolf PP, Sticherling M, Voskens CJ, Schroth M. Pediatric treatment strategies of Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta Mucha Habermann-effects and side effects. Klin Padiatr 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Voskens CJ, Watanabe R, Rollins S, Campana D, Hasumi K, Mann DL. Ex-vivo expanded human NK cells express activating receptors that mediate cytotoxicity of allogeneic and autologous cancer cell lines by direct recognition and antibody directed cellular cytotoxicity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2010; 29:134. [PMID: 20937115 PMCID: PMC2965714 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The possibility that autologous NK cells could serve as an effective treatment modality for solid tumors has long been considered. However, implementation is hampered by (i) the small number of NK cells in peripheral blood, (ii) the difficulties associated with large-scale production of GMP compliant cytolytic NK cells, (iii) the need to activate the NK cells in order to induce NK cell mediated killing and (iv) the constraints imposed by autologous inhibitory receptor-ligand interactions. To address these issues, we determined (i) if large numbers of NK cells could be expanded from PBMC and GMP compliant cell fractions derived by elutriation, (ii) their ability to kill allogeneic and autologous tumor targets by direct cytotoxitiy and by antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity and (iii) defined NK cell specific receptor-ligand interactions that mediate tumor target cell killing. Methods Human NK cells were expanded during 14 days. Expansion efficiency, NK receptor repertoire before and after expansion, expression of NK specific ligands, cytolytic activity against allogeneic and autologous tumor targets, with and without the addition of chimeric EGFR monoclonal antibody, were investigated. Results Cell expansion shifted the NK cell receptor repertoire towards activation and resulted in cytotoxicity against various allogeneic tumor cell lines and autologous gastric cancer cells, while sparing normal PBMC. Blocking studies confirmed that autologous cytotoxicity is established through multiple activating receptor-ligand interactions. Importantly, expanded NK cells also mediated ADCC in an autologous and allogeneic setting by antibodies that are currently being used to treat patients with select solid tumors. Conclusion These data demonstrate that large numbers of cytolytic NK cells can be generated from PBMC and lymphocyte-enriched fractions obtained by GMP compliant counter current elutriation from PBMC, establishing the preclinical evidence necessary to support clinical trials utilizing autologous expanded NK cells, both directly and in combination with monoclonal antibodies in future cell-based immunotherapy in select solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Voskens
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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13
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Zhang X, Voskens CJ, Sallin M, Maniar A, Montes CL, Zhang Y, Lin W, Li G, Burch E, Tan M, Hertzano R, Chapoval AI, Tamada K, Gastman BR, Schulze DH, Strome SE. CD137 Promotes Proliferation and Survival of Human B Cells. J I 2009; 184:787-95. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
In the vast majority of studies conducted to date, activation of cancer-specific T cell immunity through peptide-based immunization has failed to induce objective tumor regression. This failure is particularly troublesome given that these vaccines often stimulate T cell responses. In this review, we attempt to understand the relative failure of peptide cancer vaccines to achieve clinically meaningful responses. In the first part of the review, we discuss specific hurdles to successful application of synthetic peptide-based vaccines including patient variability and epitope selection. In the second part of this review, we summarize the importance of CD4+ T cell help in peptide-based vaccine strategies and offer a potential strategy to improve peptide-based vaccines through the generation of both HLA class I and class II vaccine specific-immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J Voskens
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, 16 South Eutaw Street, Suite 500, Baltimore, MD 21201-168, USA
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15
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Taylor RJ, Chan SL, Wood A, Voskens CJ, Wolf JS, Lin W, Chapoval A, Schulze DH, Tian G, Strome SE. FcγRIIIa polymorphisms and cetuximab induced cytotoxicity in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0720-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Taylor RJ, Chan SL, Wood A, Voskens CJ, Wolf JS, Lin W, Chapoval A, Schulze DH, Tian G, Strome SE. FcgammaRIIIa polymorphisms and cetuximab induced cytotoxicity in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2009; 58:997-1006. [PMID: 18979096 PMCID: PMC11030953 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The interaction of Fc fragments of antibodies with the Fcgamma receptors is an essential checkpoint in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Specific polymorphisms at position 158 enhance FcgammaRIIIa affinity for IgG1 and are associated with improved clinical outcome in lymphoma patients treated with IgG1 anti-CD20 antibody. The role of ADCC in the therapeutic effects of the alpha-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mAb, cetuximab, in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is poorly defined. We employed three SCCHN cell lines to test two hypotheses: (1) SCCHN is susceptible to cetuximab-mediated ADCC, (2) efficacy of ADCC is associated with polymorphisms at position 158 of FcgammaRIIIa. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FcgammaRIIIa-158 polymorphisms were determined for healthy donors, and their purified NK cells were used as effector cells against three SCCHN cell lines in ADCC assays. Cytotoxicity levels were compared for each polymorphism class. Proliferation and cell cycle assays were done to examine the direct effects of cetuximab. RESULTS Our results indicate that SCCHN is susceptible to cetuximab-mediated ADCC in vitro. NK cytotoxic efficiency correlates with donor 158-polymorphisms in FcgammaRIIIa. Overall cytotoxicity was greatest for individuals having a single V allele when compared to homozygous F/F individuals; the cumulative percent cytotoxicity for each polymorphism among the cell lines was 58.2% V/V, 50.6% V/F, and 26.1% F/F (P < 0.001). Additionally, the presence of a V allele correlated with superior natural cytotoxicity against NK sensitive targets. CONCLUSION These data have both prognostic and therapeutic relevance and support the design of a prospective trial to determine the influence of FcgammaRIIIa polymorphisms on the clinical outcome of patients with SCCHN treated with alpha-EGFR mAbs.
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MESH Headings
- Alleles
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/genetics
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cetuximab
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/immunology
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney J Taylor
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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17
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Zhang X, Voskens CJ, Sallin M, Strome SE. CD137 promotes proliferation and survival of human B cell (34.14). The Journal of Immunology 2009. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.34.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
CD137 (4-1BB) mediated co-stimulation plays an important role in directing the fate of antigen stimulated T cells and NK cells, yet its role on B cell function is currently unknown. The goal of our study was first to evaluate which external signals regulate CD137 expression on human B cells and second to define the biological effect of CD137-mediated co-stimulation on human B cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate cell surface expression of CD137. Cell proliferation was assessed by 3H-TdR incorporation and CFSE dilution assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin V and 7-AAD staining. Here we report that CD137 is expressed on human B cells stimulated with anti-Ig. CD137 expression is enhanced by CD40 ligation and IFN-γ, and is inhibited by IL-4 and IL-10. The expression of CD137 on activated human B cells is functionally relevant, as engagement with its ligand at the time of activation stimulates B cell proliferation. Furthermore, CD137 stimulation enhances B cell survival which is associated with expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xl and Mcl-1. Our study demonstrates a direct role for CD137-mediated co-stimulation in defining the fate of antigen-stimulated human B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- 1Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- 2Oncology & Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Michelle Sallin
- 1Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Scott E Strome
- 1Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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18
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Chan SL, Voskens CJ, Lin W, Schindler DG, Azimzadeh A, Wang LX, Taylor RJ, Strome SE, Schulze DH. Epitope mapping of a chimeric CD137 mAb: a necessary step for assessing the biologic relevance of non-human primate models. J Mol Recognit 2009; 22:242-9. [PMID: 19177494 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Antibody based manipulation of the CD137 (4-1BB) co-signaling pathway is an attractive option for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disease. We developed a chimeric anti-human CD137 monoclonal antibody (GG) and characterized its function. As a component of planned preclinical studies, we evaluated the binding of GG to activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cynomolgus macaque and baboon against human. Interestingly, GG only recognized human CD137, while a commercial anti-CD137 mAb (4B4-1), recognized activated PBMCs from both human and non-human primates (NHP). Subsequent analysis revealed that the amino acid sequence of CD137 is largely conserved between primate species ( approximately 95% identical), with the extracellular domain differing by only 9-10 amino acids. Based on these data, we generated mutant constructs in the extracellular domain, replacing NHP with human CD137 sequences, and identified 3 amino acids critical for GG binding. These residues are likely part of a conformational epitope, as a peptide spanning this region is unable to block mAb binding. These data demonstrate that subtle sequence variations of defined co-stimulatory molecules amongst primate species can be employed as a strategy for mapping residues necessary for antibody binding to conformational epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siaw-Lin Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, HSFI Rm332, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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