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Smith EMD, Aggarwal A, Ainsworth J, Al-Abadi E, Avcin T, Bortey L, Burnham J, Ciurtin C, Hedrich CM, Kamphuis S, Lambert L, Levy DM, Lewandowski L, Maxwell N, Morand E, Özen S, Pain CE, Ravelli A, Saad Magalhaes C, Pilkington C, Schonenberg-Meinema D, Scott C, Tullus K, Beresford MW. Defining remission in childhood-onset lupus: PReS-endorsed consensus definitions by an international task force. Clin Immunol 2024; 263:110214. [PMID: 38604255 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To derive childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) specific remission definitions for future treat-to-target (T2T) trials, observational studies, and clinical practice. METHODS The cSLE International T2T Task Force conducted Delphi surveys exploring paediatric perspectives on adult-onset SLE remission targets. A modified nominal group technique was used to discuss, refine, and agree on the cSLE remission target criteria. RESULTS The Task Force proposed two definitions of remission: 'cSLE clinical remission on steroids (cCR)' and 'cSLE clinical remission off steroids (cCR-0)'. The common criteria are: (1) Clinical-SLEDAI-2 K = 0; (2) PGA score < 0.5 (0-3 scale); (4) stable antimalarials, immunosuppressive, and biologic therapy (changes due to side-effects, adherence, weight, or when building up to target dose allowed). Criterion (3) in cCR is the prednisolone dose ≤0.1 mg/kg/day (maximum 5 mg/day), whereas in cCR-0 it is zero. CONCLUSIONS cSLE definitions of remission have been proposed, maintaining sufficient alignment with the adult-SLE definition to facilitate life-course research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M D Smith
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - J Ainsworth
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Al-Abadi
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Avcin
- Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - L Bortey
- TARGET Lupus Public Patient Involvement and Engagement Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Burnham
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - C Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, UK
| | - C M Hedrich
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - S Kamphuis
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Lambert
- TARGET Lupus Public Patient Involvement and Engagement Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D M Levy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Lewandowski
- Lupus Genomics and Global Health Disparities Unit, Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Maxwell
- TARGET Lupus Public Patient Involvement and Engagement Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Morand
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Özen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C E Pain
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Ravelli
- Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno Infantili (DINOGMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Saad Magalhaes
- Paediatric Rheumatology Division, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State, University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Pilkington
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Schonenberg-Meinema
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C Scott
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K Tullus
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M W Beresford
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Barham L, Duller GAT, Candy I, Scott C, Cartwright CR, Peterson JR, Kabukcu C, Chapot MS, Melia F, Rots V, George N, Taipale N, Gethin P, Nkombwe P. Evidence for the earliest structural use of wood at least 476,000 years ago. Nature 2023; 622:107-111. [PMID: 37730994 PMCID: PMC10550827 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06557-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Wood artefacts rarely survive from the Early Stone Age since they require exceptional conditions for preservation; consequently, we have limited information about when and how hominins used this basic raw material1. We report here on the earliest evidence for structural use of wood in the archaeological record. Waterlogged deposits at the archaeological site of Kalambo Falls, Zambia, dated by luminescence to at least 476 ± 23 kyr ago (ka), preserved two interlocking logs joined transversely by an intentionally cut notch. This construction has no known parallels in the African or Eurasian Palaeolithic. The earliest known wood artefact is a fragment of polished plank from the Acheulean site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel, more than 780 ka (refs. 2,3). Wooden tools for foraging and hunting appear 400 ka in Europe4-8, China9 and possibly Africa10. At Kalambo we also recovered four wood tools from 390 ka to 324 ka, including a wedge, digging stick, cut log and notched branch. The finds show an unexpected early diversity of forms and the capacity to shape tree trunks into large combined structures. These new data not only extend the age range of woodworking in Africa but expand our understanding of the technical cognition of early hominins11, forcing re-examination of the use of trees in the history of technology12,13.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barham
- Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - G A T Duller
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - I Candy
- Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
| | - C Scott
- Professor Elizabeth Slater Archaeological Research Laboratories, Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C R Cartwright
- Department of Scientific Research, The British Museum, London, UK
| | - J R Peterson
- Professor Elizabeth Slater Archaeological Research Laboratories, Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Kabukcu
- Professor Elizabeth Slater Archaeological Research Laboratories, Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- University of Algarve, Interdisciplinary Center for Archaeology and Evolution of Human Behaviour (ICArEHB), Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - M S Chapot
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - F Melia
- Professor Elizabeth Slater Archaeological Research Laboratories, Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - V Rots
- TraceoLab/Prehistory, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - N George
- Professor Elizabeth Slater Archaeological Research Laboratories, Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Taipale
- TraceoLab/Prehistory, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - P Gethin
- Professor Elizabeth Slater Archaeological Research Laboratories, Department of Archaeology, Classics & Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Nkombwe
- National Museums Board, Moto Moto Museum, Mbala, Zambia
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Preti BTB, Sanatani MS, Breadner D, Lakkunarajah S, Scott C, Esmonde-White C, McArthur E, Rodrigues G, Chaudhary M, Mutsaers A, Sachdeva R, Vincent MD. Real-World Analysis of Durvalumab after Chemoradiation in Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:7713-7721. [PMID: 37623040 PMCID: PMC10453685 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30080559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2017 PACIFIC trial heralded the incorporation of routine adjuvant durvalumab following curative-intent chemoradiation for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, carefully selected clinical trial populations can differ significantly from real-world populations, which can have implications on treatment toxicities and outcomes, making it difficult to accurately counsel patients. Consequently, we performed a real-world, retrospective analysis of outcomes and toxicities in 118 patients with stage III NSCLC treated with durvalumab after platinum-based chemoradiotherapy. The data were collected from patients who underwent treatment at a single, tertiary-level Canadian cancer centre from May 2018 to October 2020. The variables collected included patient demographics, treatment specifics, progression-free survival, overall survival, and immune-related adverse events (IRAE) from durvalumab. Descriptive statistics were used for toxicity analysis, and progression-free survival and overall survival estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The statistical analyses indicated a 64.4% (n = 76) toxicity rate, with a 21% (n = 25) toxicity rate of grade 3+ IRAEs. The most common documented IRAEs were pneumonitis (n = 44; 40%), followed by rash (n = 20; 18%) and thyroid dysfunction (n = 17; 15%). FEV1 and DLCO were not found to be associated predictors of pneumonitis toxicity. The median PFS and OS were estimated to be >1.7 years and >2.7 years, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice T. B. Preti
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Michael S. Sanatani
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Daniel Breadner
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Suganija Lakkunarajah
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of British Columbia, Victoria, ON V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Carolyn Scott
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
| | - Caroline Esmonde-White
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
| | - Eric McArthur
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - George Rodrigues
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mitali Chaudhary
- Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Adam Mutsaers
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Robin Sachdeva
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of British Columbia, Victoria, ON V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Mark D. Vincent
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; (B.T.B.P.)
- Division of Medical Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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Smith EMD, Aggarwal A, Ainsworth J, Al-Abadi E, Avcin T, Bortey L, Burnham J, Ciurtin C, Hedrich CM, Kamphuis S, Lambert L, Levy DM, Lewandowski L, Maxwell N, Morand E, Ozen S, Pain CE, Ravelli A, Saad Magalhaes C, Pilkington C, Schonenberg-Meinema D, Scott C, Tullus K, Beresford MW. PReS-endorsed international childhood lupus T2T task force definition of childhood lupus low disease activity state (cLLDAS). Clin Immunol 2023; 250:109296. [PMID: 36934849 PMCID: PMC10500564 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To achieve a consensus-based definition of Low Disease Activity (LDA) for use in cSLE trials. METHODS The International cSLE T2T Task Force, comprising of paediatric rheumatologists/nephrologists, and adult rheumatologists undertook a series of Delphi surveys/consensus meetings to discuss, refine, and vote upon cSLE LDA criteria. RESULTS The Task Force agreed that LDA should be based upon the adult-SLE Lupus Low Disease Activity State definition (LLDAS), with modifications to make it applicable to cSLE (cLLDAS). They agreed upon five cLLDAS criteria: (1) SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)-2 K ≤4, with no activity in major organ systems; (2) no new features of lupus disease activity compared with the last assessment; (3) Physician Global Assessment score of ≤1 (0-3 scale); (4) prednisolone dose of ≤0.15 mg/kg/day, 7.5 mg/day/maximum; while on (5) stable antimalarials, immunosuppressives, and biologics. CONCLUSIONS A cSLE-appropriate definition of cLLDAS has been generated, maintaining alignment with the adult-SLE definition to promote life-course research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M D Smith
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - J Ainsworth
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Al-Abadi
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Avcin
- Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - L Bortey
- TARGET Lupus Public Patient Involvement and Engagement Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Burnham
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - C Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, UK
| | - C M Hedrich
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - S Kamphuis
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Lambert
- TARGET Lupus Public Patient Involvement and Engagement Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D M Levy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L Lewandowski
- Lupus Genomics and Global Health Disparities Unit, Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Maxwell
- TARGET Lupus Public Patient Involvement and Engagement Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Morand
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Ozen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C E Pain
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Ravelli
- Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno Infantili (DINOGMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Saad Magalhaes
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Pilkington
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Schonenberg-Meinema
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C Scott
- Clinical Research Centre, Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K Tullus
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M W Beresford
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Scott C, Posey J, Butac A, Lamba H, Oberton S, Shafii A, Liao K, Loor G, George J, Simpson L, Delgado R, Civitello A, Nair A. Investigating Genetic Variants in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices for Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Suckling J, Morse S, Murphy R, Astley S, Halford JCG, Harrold JA, Le-Bail A, Koukouna E, Musinovic H, Perret J, Raben A, Roe M, Scholten J, Scott C, Stamatis C, Westbroek C. Environmental life cycle assessment of production of the high intensity sweetener steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana leaf grown in Europe: The SWEET project. Int J Life Cycle Assess 2023; 28:221-233. [PMID: 36686846 PMCID: PMC9839952 DOI: 10.1007/s11367-022-02127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is an increasing interest in the use of non-nutritive sweeteners to replace added sugar in food and beverage products for reasons of improving consumer health. Much work has been done to understand safety of sweeteners, but very little on sustainability. To address that gap, this study presents the results of a life cycle assessment (LCA) of production of rebaudioside A 60%, 95% pure (RA60) steviol glycoside mix from Stevia rebaudiana leaf grown in Europe. METHODS An attributional cradle-to-factory-gate life cycle assessment was conducted on growing of stevia leaves and extraction of steviol glycosides in Europe. Primary data were used from a case study supply chain. Results are reported in impact categories from the ReCiPe 2016 (H) method, with focus given to global warming potential, freshwater eutrophication, water consumption, and land use. Impacts are expressed both in terms of production mass and sweetness equivalence, a common metric for understanding high intensity sweetener potency. Sweetness equivalence of RA60 is typically 200 to 300 times that of sugar. Comparison of environmental impact is made to sugar (sucrose) produced from both cane and beets. The research is part of the EU project SWEET (sweeteners and sweetness enhancers: impact on health, obesity, safety, and sustainability). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Global warming potential for production of RA60 was found to be 20.25 kgCO2-eq/kgRA60 on a mass basis and 0.081 kgCO2-eq/kgSE on a sweetness equivalence basis. Field production of stevia leaves was found to be the main source of impact for most impact categories, and for all four focus categories. Extraction of the RA60 was the main source of impact for the others. Leaf processing and seedling propagation were minor contributors to life cycle impact. Removal of international transport from the supply chain reduced global warming potential by 18.8%. Compared with sugar on a sweetness equivalence basis, RA60 has approximately 5.7% to 10.2% the impact for global warming potential, 5.6% to 7.2% the impact for land use, and is lower across most other impact categories. CONCLUSION This is the first LCA of steviol glycoside mix RA60 produced from leaf in Europe. The results indicate that RA60 can be used to reduce environmental impact of providing a sweet taste by replacing sugar across all impact categories. However, it is important to note that specific formulations in which RA60 is used will have a bearing on the final environmental impact of any food or beverage products. For solid foods, this requires further research. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11367-022-02127-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Suckling
- Centre for Environment and Sustainability, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - S. Morse
- Centre for Environment and Sustainability, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - R. Murphy
- Centre for Environment and Sustainability, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | | | - J. C. G. Halford
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J. A. Harrold
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A. Le-Bail
- ONIRIS, UMR GEPEA CNRS 6144, Nantes, France
| | | | | | | | - A. Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M. Roe
- EuroFIR AISBL, Brussels, Belgium
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Hartley A, Greene M, Caga-Anan M, Owen S, Mullin M, Pericleous C, Scott C, Mason J, Haskard DO, Khamis R. Molecular imaging of experimental atherosclerosis using anti-malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein humanised antibody fragment targeted nanoparticles. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.3040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), for example by malondialdehyde (MDA) adduction with subsequent uptake by macrophages to form foam cells and later the plaque necrotic core, is a key initiating event in atherogenesis. Accordingly, a larger lipid necrotic core is a key plaque vulnerability factor, predisposing plaques to rupture and subsequent thrombosis and development of an acute coronary syndrome. Thus, MDA-LDL is an attractive focus for the molecular targeting of atherosclerotic plaques.
Purpose
To develop antibody fragment-targeted nanoparticles that can be utilised for both the molecular imaging and therapeutics of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
Methods
LO1 is an IgG3k natural monoclonal murine antibody that reacts with MDA-LDL. Humanised LO1Fab fragments have been engineered to reduce immunogenicity and improve lesion penetration. These humanised LO1Fab fragments were used to functionalise fluorescent poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) - polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanoparticles. Nanoparticle in vitro function was assessed, prior to fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) co-registered with micro-CT, four-hours after iv injection in atherosclerotic LDL-receptor−/− mice fed a high-fat diet for 40-weeks.
Results
Humanised LO1Fab fragment conjugated fluorescent PLGA-PEG nanoparticles were formulated with 210nm size and polydispersity index (variability of nanoparticle size around the average) of <0.2. Antibody conjugation efficiency was 30%. In vitro function was confirmed on ELISA versus the blank untargeted nanoparticles with MDA-LDL on solid phase, detecting nanoparticle presence via the conjugated LO1Fab, PEG corona or fluorescence. Fluorescence microscopy on stained aortic root cryosections from atherosclerotic mice confirmed binding to fatty lesions. Construct in vivo in half-life was 90-minutes for both the targeted and untargeted nanoparticles in a two-phase model in LDL-receptor−/− mice, based on fluorescence analysis of serial tail vein blood samples. There was greater uptake in the region-of-interest (heart and aortic arch vessels) in mice injected with LO1Fab-conjugated nanoparticles versus untargeted nanoparticles (mean ± standard deviation) (64.7±22.9 versus 25.2±26.5pmol of Cy5; n=7; p=0.02). Ex vivo analysis fluorescence reflectance imaging and quantitative FMT of the extracted aortae confirmed these findings (1.0±0.3 versus 0.5±0.2pmol of Cy5; n=7; p=0.002; Figure 1).
Conclusions
Humanised antibody Fab fragment fluorescent nanoparticles have been developed that successfully target MDA-LDL and localise to atherosclerotic plaques in murine experimental atherosclerosis. These targeted nanoparticles have the potential to amplify fluorescent signal for imaging and carry a therapeutic cargo for targeted drug delivery direct to atherosclerotic plaques.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Fellowship
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hartley
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - M Greene
- Queen's University of Belfast , Belfast , United Kingdom
| | - M Caga-Anan
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - S Owen
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - M Mullin
- GSK , Stevenage , United Kingdom
| | - C Pericleous
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - C Scott
- Queen's University of Belfast , Belfast , United Kingdom
| | - J Mason
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - D O Haskard
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - R Khamis
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom
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Yap NJ, Simpson C, Ng N, Ndou S, Wright E, Scott C, Clement N. 553 Does Patella Implant Design Affect Outcomes? Patella Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To investigate whether implant design affect (1)incidence of anterior knee pain, (2)patient reported outcomes and (3)reintervention rates in a resurfaced vs non-resurfaced Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA).
Method
MEDline, pubmed and google scholar studies were evaluated using SIGN assessment tool and data analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.2 on only randomised controlled trials. Search terms: arthroplasty, replacement, knee (Mesh), TKA, prosthesis, patella, patellar resurfacing, patellar retaining.
Results
33 randomised controlled studies were identified. A total of 11 used the modern “patella-friendly” implants and 22 used the older “patella non-friendly” implants.
There was no significant difference in anterior knee pain rates for either surgical option. When using patella-friendly implant, patella resurfacing results in a statistically higher clinical (P 0.007, MD -0.77) and functional (P < 0.0001, MD -1.87) KSS than the non-resurfaced counterparts, but scores were not clinically significant. When the patella was not resurfaced, there was a significant increased risk of reoperation with “non-patella friendly” implant (p=0.04, OR 1.42, CI 1.01, 2.00), whilst there was no significant difference between reoperation rates for the “patella friendly” implants (OR 1.17, CI 0.59,2.30).
Conclusions
Patella implant design has been shown to significantly improve KSS scores but with no clinical significance. Risk of further procedures was significantly higher in non-resurfaced patella TKAs with “non-friendly” implants, likely due to increased rates of anterior knee pain in these older generation implants leading to secondary resurfacing. However, when utilising “patella-friendly” implants, resurfacing does not lower reintervention rates. This meta-analysis finds no clinical indication to resurface the patellar whilst performing a TKA.
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Affiliation(s)
- NJ Yap
- NHS Tayside , Dundee , United Kingdom
| | - C Simpson
- West of Scotland , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - N Ng
- NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - S Ndou
- NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - E Wright
- NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - C Scott
- NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
- University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - N Clement
- NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
- University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
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9
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Scott C, Kaliaperumal C. 228 Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review of Management. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To investigate idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and its management during pregnancy.
Method
PubMed and Embase databases were searched for studies on pregnancy and IIH, with the most recent search in July 2021. Mesh terms used were “idiopathic intracranial hypertension” or “pseudotumor cerebri” AND “pregnancy”. Papers were limited to studies with human subjects and written in the English language. There were no restrictions in study design or date of publication. The reference lists of all retrieved articles were reviewed for further identification of potentially relevant publications.
Results
Management of IIH during pregnancy is similar to those who are non-pregnant. It is recommended that pregnant women with IIH are treated in health care settings that have access to multi-specialty input. Management depends on disease severity and includes conservative management, the use of medication such as steroids and diuretics, lumbar punctures, and surgical management.
An indication for surgical management includes worsening visual deterioration despite initial management with medication or serial lumbar punctures. Surgical management includes cerebral spinal fluid diversion procedures and optic nerve sheath fenestration. These operations can be performed in all three trimesters of pregnancy.
IIH in pregnancy does not increase morbidity or mortality in the newborn and method of delivery should be based on obstetrical indication.
Conclusion
This review highlights the role of multi-disciplinary approach in the management of IIH during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Scott
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - C Kaliaperumal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
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10
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Abstract
Development of nursing in the postpandemic future will require active engagement of all nurses. Complex relational leadership in complex adaptive systems is explored through 3 focused areas: professional governance, equitable and inclusive relationships, and clinical practice. Pragmatic examples for each area of focus are offered as a framework for the postpandemic future. A conceptual model was developed to illustrate these relationships.
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11
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Herlihy NS, Klimczak AM, Titus S, Scott C, Hanson BM, Kim JK, Seli E, Scott RT. The role of endometrial staining for CD138 as a marker of chronic endometritis in predicting live birth. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:473-479. [PMID: 35064433 PMCID: PMC8956753 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic endometritis (CE) is diagnosed via endometrial biopsy and staining for plasma cells. A threshold plasma cell count that identifies CE and predicts pregnancy outcomes has not been established, and the prevalence of plasma cells in the general infertile population is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of plasma cells in the general infertile population and whether a threshold exists which predicts live birth. METHODS Endometrial samples were obtained prospectively from 80 women undergoing IVF, embedded in paraffin, and stained for plasma cells using mouse mono-clonal antibody for CD138. Slides were reviewed at 20× magnification and 10 random images captured. Three reviewers graded each image for plasma cells. Participants underwent single, euploid, and frozen blastocyst transfer. RESULTS Forty-nine percent of samples had ≥1 plasma cell across 10 HPFs, 11% had ≥5 cells across 10 HPFs, and 4% had ≥10 cells across 10 HPFs. There was no difference in prevalence between those who did and did not achieve live birth. Using thresholds of 1, 5, and 10 plasma cells per 10 HPFs, there were no differences in implantation, clinical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy loss, or live birth rates between patients with and without CE. CONCLUSION Endometrial plasma cells are present in half the general infertile population and do not predict implantation, clinical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy loss, or live birth rates at low levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. S. Herlihy
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA ,Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - A. M. Klimczak
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA ,Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - S. Titus
- Foundation for Embryonic Competence, Basking Ridge, NJ USA
| | - C. Scott
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA
| | - B. M. Hanson
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA ,Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - J. K. Kim
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA ,Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - E. Seli
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA ,Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT USA
| | - R. T. Scott
- IVI/RMA New Jersey, Basking Ridge, NJ USA ,Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
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12
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Akhalwaya SY, Webb K, Scott C. P046 A review and retrospective case series of paediatric Sjögren’s syndrome from Southern Africa. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab722.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Paediatric Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an uncommon autoimmune paediatric disease, rarely reported in children in Africa. It remains an important consideration in a child with parotid swelling. Here, we present a retrospective case-series of four patients from a paediatric rheumatology clinic in South Africa and discuss some of the difficulties of diagnosis in our context.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who attend the Red Cross War Memorial Hospital Paediatric Rheumatology clinic between 2010 and 2019.
Result
The four patients diagnosed with Sjögren’s all had varied presentations and disease courses. There were 3 females and 1 male and the ages at diagnosis ranged from 6 to 19 years old. The time to diagnosis was prolonged and ranged from 1 month to 10 years. Two patients with primary pSS presented with extra-articular manifestations of arthritis, abdominal pain and fatigue, followed by dry mouth, dry eyes, parotid swelling and and suggestive histopathology. The remaining 2 patients had a secondary pSS due to juvenile onset SLE and tuberculosis respectively.
Conclusion
In less resourced settings the diagnosis of pSS is often delayed. Both patients with primary pSS had preceding extra-glandular manifestations. In less resourced settings, infectious diseases may present as pSS and associated rheumatic diseases causing secondary pSS must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Akhalwaya
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K Webb
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Scott
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Saunders DI, Sinclair RCF, Griffiths B, Pugh E, Harji D, Salas B, Reed H, Scott C. Emergency Laparotomy Follow-Up Study (ELFUS): prospective feasibility investigation into postoperative complications and quality of life using patient-reported outcome measures up to a year after emergency laparotomy. Perioper Med (Lond) 2021; 10:22. [PMID: 34304730 PMCID: PMC8311937 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-021-00193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency laparotomy carries a significant risk profile around the time of surgery. This research aimed to establish the feasibility of recruitment to a study using validated scoring tools to assess complications after surgery; and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess quality of life and quality of recovery up to a year following emergency laparotomy (EL). METHODS We used our local National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA) register to identify potential participants at a single NHS centre in England. Complications were assessed at 5, 10 and 30 days after EL. Patient-reported outcome measures were collected at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery using EQ5D and WHODAS 2.0 questionnaires. RESULTS Seventy of 129 consecutive patients (54%) agreed to take part in the study. Post-operative morbidity survey data was recorded from 63 and 37 patients at postoperative day 5 and day 10. Accordion Complication Severity Grading data was obtained from 70 patients. Patient-reported outcome measures were obtained from patients at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery from 70, 59, 51, 48, to 42 patients (100%, 87%, 77%, 75% and 69% of survivors), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study affirms the feasibility of collecting PROMs and morbidity data successfully at various time points following emergency laparotomy, and is the first longitudinal study to describe quality of life up to a year after surgery. This finding is important in the design of a larger observational study into quality of life and recovery after EL.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Saunders
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK.
| | - R C F Sinclair
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - B Griffiths
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - E Pugh
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - D Harji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - B Salas
- Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - H Reed
- Research Nurse, Department of Research and Development, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - C Scott
- Research Nurse, Department of Research and Development, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, NHS FT, NE1 4LP, UK
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Ruperto N, Foeldvari I, Alexeeva E, Aktay Ayaz N, Calvo I, Kasapcopur O, Chasnyk V, Hufnagel M, Żuber Z, Schulert G, Ozen S, Popov A, Ramanan A, Scott C, Sözeri B, Zholobova E, Zhu X, Whelan S, Pricop L, Ravelli A, Martini A, Lovell DJ, Brunner H. LB0004 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF SECUKINUMAB IN ENTHESITIS-RELATED ARTHRITIS AND JUVENILE PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: PRIMARY RESULTS FROM A RANDOMISED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL, PHASE 3 STUDY (JUNIPERA). Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.5038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) and juvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA) are two ILAR categories of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and represent paediatric correlates of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and adult psoriatic arthritis (PsA), respectively.1,2 Secukinumab (SEC) has demonstrated efficacy and safety in adult patients (pts) with PsA, ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axSpA.3-5Objectives:Evaluate efficacy and safety of SEC using a flare prevention design in pts with active ERA and JPsA.Methods:This 2-yr study consisted of an open-label (OL) s.c. SEC (75/150 mg in pts <50/ ≥50 kg) at baseline (BL), and at Weeks (Wk) 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 in treatment-period (TP) 1. Responder pts who achieved at least JIA ACR 30 response at Wk 12 were randomised into the double-blinded TP2 to continue SEC or placebo (PBO) q4w until a disease flare, or up to Wk 100. Pts (aged 2 to <18 yrs) classified as ERA or JPsA according to ILAR criteria of ≥6 months duration with active disease were included. Primary endpoint was time to flare in TP2 and key secondary endpoints were JIA ACR 30/50/70/90/100, inactive disease, JADAS, enthesitis count and safety. Analysis of time to flare in TP2 included proportion of disease flare, Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimate of median time to flare in days, hazard ratio (95% CI) from Cox model, and P-value for the Stratified log-rank test. KM estimates of the probability to disease flare by treatment groups in TP2 were plotted against days. Observed data were used in all analyses. Post-hoc analyses using non-responder imputation (NRI) were performed for JIA ACR 30/50/70/90/100 responses.Results:86/97 (89%) pts were enrolled in the OL period TP1 (mean age, 13.1 yrs; female, 33.7%; ERA, n=52; JPsA, n=34). At BL, mean JADAS-27 score was 15.1 and enthesitis count was 2.6. At the end of TP1, 90.4% (75/83) of pts achieved JIA ACR 30 and 69.9% (58/83) achieved JIA ACR 70. There were 21 and 10 flares in TP2, respectively in PBO and SEC treated pts with a significantly longer time to flare and 72% risk of flare reduction in SEC treatment vs PBO (HR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.13–0.63; P<0.001) (Figure 1). JIA ACR responses, disease activity and enthesitis count are reported in Table 1. NRI analyses showed that 87.2%, 83.7%, 67.4%, 38.4% and 24.4% of pts achieved JIA ACR 30/50/70/90/100, respectively. Rates of adverse events (AEs; 91.7% vs 92.1%) and serious AEs (14.6% vs 10.5%) in SEC and PBO groups were comparable in the entire TP. No new safety signals were observed.Table 1.Efficacy of secukinumab in Treatment Periods 1 and 2 (Key secondary endpoints)Efficacy Outcomes, %TP1TP2¥SEC (N=83)^SEC (N=37)PBO (N=37)P-valueJIA ACR 3090.489.264.90.014JIA ACR 5086.778.462.20.152JIA ACR 7069.967.643.20.042JIA ACR 9039.851.440.50.431JIA ACR 10025.343.237.80.745Inactive disease#36.147.237.80.500JADAS-27, mean (SD)15.1 (7.2)14.6 (8.1)13.3 (5.8)NAEnthesitis count, mean change from BL (SD)−1.8 (2.3)−2.1 (2.0)−1.9 (1.2)NAP-values: Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, adjusted for analysis factors: JIA category (ERA/ JPsA) and MTX use at BL¥The N numbers are values at the end of TP2^Efficacy outcomes (%) in TP1 calculated in patients with evaluable data at Wk 12 (N=83)#Inactive disease: Definition adapted from JIA ACR criteria of Wallace et al., 2011. N=36 for SEC at the end of TP2JADAS, Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score; N, total number of patients in the treatment group; NA, data not availableFigure 1.Time to flare in Treatment Period 2 (Primary Endpoint)Conclusion:In children and adolescents with ERA and JPsA, efficacy of SEC was demonstrated with a significantly longer time to flare vs PBO with sustained improvement of signs and symptoms up to Wk 104 and a favourable safety profile.References:[1]Colbert RA. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2010;6:477–85.[2]Martini A, et al. J Rheumatol. 2019;46:190–7.[3]McInnes IB, et al. Lancet. 2015;386:1137–46.[4]Baeten D, et al. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2534–48.[5]Deodhar A, et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021;73:110–20.Disclosure of Interests:Nicolino Ruperto Consultant of: Ablynx, Astrazeneca-Medimmune, Bayer, Biogen, Boehringer, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, EMD Serono, Glaxo Smith and Kline, Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, R-Pharma, Sinergie, Sobi and UCB, Grant/research support from: BMS, Eli-Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, F Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sobi, Speakers bureau: Ablynx, Astrazeneca-Medimmune, Bayer, Biogen, Boehringer, Bristol Myers and Squibb, Celgene, Eli-Lilly, EMD Serono, Glaxo Smith and Kline, Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, R-Pharma, Sinergie, Sobi and UCB, Ivan Foeldvari Consultant of: Novartis, Speakers bureau: Novartis, Ekaterina Alexeeva Grant/research support from: Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, MSD, AMGEN, Eli Lilly, Roche, Speakers bureau: Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, MSD, AMGEN, Eli Lilly, Roche, NURAY AKTAY AYAZ: None declared, Inmaculada Calvo Consultant of: Sobi, Novartis, Abbvie, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Amgen, Clementia, Speakers bureau: Sobi, Novartis, Abbvie, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Amgen, Clementia, Ozgur KASAPCOPUR: None declared, Vyacheslav Chasnyk: None declared, Markus Hufnagel Grant/research support from: Astellas, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, Zbigniew Żuber: None declared, Grant Schulert Consultant of: Sobi, Novartis, Seza Ozen: None declared, Artem Popov: None declared, Athimalaipet Ramanan Speakers bureau: Roche, Sobi, Eli Lilly, UCB, Novartis, Christiaan Scott: None declared, Betül Sözeri: None declared, Elena Zholobova Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Novartis, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Pfizer, Roche, Novartis, Xuan Zhu Employee of: Novartis, sarah whelan Employee of: Novartis, Shareholder of: Novartis, Luminita Pricop Employee of: Novartis, Shareholder of: Novartis, Angelo Ravelli Consultant of: Abbvie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Hoffmann-LaRoche, Novartis, Centocor, Angelini Holding, Reckitt Benckiser, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Hoffmann-LaRoche, Novartis, Centocor, Angelini Holding, Reckitt Benckiser, Alberto Martini Consultant of: Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Abbvie, Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Abbvie, Daniel J Lovell Consultant of: AstraZeneca, Wyeth, Amgen, Abbott, Pfizer, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, UBC, Takeda, Janssen, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, Forest Research, Speakers bureau: AstraZeneca, Wyeth, Amgen, Abbott, Pfizer, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, UBC, Takeda, Janssen, GlaxoSmithKline, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, Forest Research, Hermine Brunner Consultant of: Aurina, AbbVie, Astra Zeneca-Medimmune, Biogen, Boehringer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, GlaxoSmithKline, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Merck, Novartis, R-Pharm, Sanofi, Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Novartis, and Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Roche and GlaxoSmithKline
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15
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Powell-Bowns M, Olley R, McCann C, Balfour J, Brennan C, Scott C. 441 Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Given at Femoral Fragility Fracture Surgery Reduces Blood Transfusion Requirements Four-Fold. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is proven to reduce blood loss in several surgical fields, but its use in femoral fragility fracture (FFF) management is ill defined. This study examined the effect of intraoperative TXA on the rate of postoperative blood transfusion following FFF.
Method
A prospective non-randomized case-control study of 361 consecutive patients admitted to the study centre with FFFs over a 4-month period was performed. Intravenous TXA 1g was administered intraoperatively at the discretion of the operating team: 178 patients received TXA and 183 did not.
Results
Patients given TXA required fewer blood transfusions: 15/178 (8.4%) vs controls 58/183 (31.7%), (p < 0.001). Calculated blood loss (mean difference -222ml (-337 to -106, 95%CI), p < 0.001) and percentage drop in Hb (mean difference -4.3% (-6.3 to -2.3, 95%CI), p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the TXA group. The difference in CBL was greatest following intramedullary nail (n = 49: mean difference -394ml, p = 0.030) and DHS (n = 101, mean difference -216ml, p = 0.032). There was no significant difference in complication rates: venous thromboembolism TXA 2/178 vs control 1/182 (p = 0.620); MI/stroke/TIA 2/178 vs 0/182 (p = 0.244)
Conclusions
Intraoperative intravenous TXA significantly reduced calculated blood loss and blood transfusion requirements following femoral fragility fracture surgery without increasing the rate of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Powell-Bowns
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - R Olley
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C McCann
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Balfour
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C Brennan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - C Scott
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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16
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Dewaswala-Bhopalwala N, Chen D, Bhopalwala H, Hossein Pour S, Moon S, Bos D, Scott C, Geske J, Noseworthy P, Ommen S, Erickson B, Araoz P, Nishimura R, Ackerman M, Arruda-Olson A. Extracting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy features from cardiac magnetic resonance reports by natural language processing. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Determine if information regarding hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can be accurately retrieved from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) reports using natural language processing (NLP).
Background
CMR imaging is used for diagnosis and risk stratification of HCM. Manual annotation of information from CMR is time-consuming. NLP is an artificial intelligence method for automating extraction of information from narrative text.
Methods
We identified 200 HCM patients who had CMR reports from 1998 to 2018. These patients were randomly allocated into training (100 patients with 185 CMR reports) and testing sets (100 patients with 206 reports). An NLP system with 2 tiers was developed; the first extracted information regarding HCM diagnosis while second extracted categorical or numeric concepts for HCM classification. NLP performance was compared with gold-standard manual annotation.
Results
NLP algorithms achieved very high performance across all concepts with mean positive predictive value (PPV) = 0.96. An outlier was the performance for abstracting the presence of an apical pouch from CMR reports, which had noticeably lower PPV= 0.78 which be attributed to the low number of cases with this finding.
Conclusions
The algorithms developed can be translated to clinical decision support systems to increase efficiency and contribute to improved quality of care.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Study supported by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of National Institutes of Health (K01HL124045), the Mayo Clinic Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCaTS), and the Mayo Clinic K2R award. Content is solely the responsibility of authors and does not necessarily represent official views of the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Chen
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - H Bhopalwala
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | | | - S Moon
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - D Bos
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - C Scott
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Geske
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Noseworthy
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S.R Ommen
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - B.J Erickson
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P.A Araoz
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | | | - M.J Ackerman
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
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17
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Drummond L, Couldrick N, Scott C, Shafi H, Costelloe M, Hobbs C. Management Perspective on How to Plan and Deliver Image-guided Radiotherapy - Experience of the Oxford Cancer Centre Over the Past 10 Years. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:845-851. [PMID: 33092943 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Drummond
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHSF Trust, UK
| | - N Couldrick
- Division of Surgery, Womens and Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHSF Trust, UK
| | - C Scott
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHSF Trust, UK
| | - H Shafi
- Division of Surgery, Womens and Oncology, Oxford University Hospitals NHSF Trust, UK
| | - M Costelloe
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHSF Trust, UK
| | - C Hobbs
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHSF Trust, UK.
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Amin MSA, Brunckhorst O, Scott C, Wrench D, Gleeson M, Kazmi M, Ahmed K. ABVD and BEACOPP regimens' effects on fertility in young males with Hodgkin lymphoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:1067-1077. [PMID: 32944834 PMCID: PMC8084804 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Considering the increased cancer patient survivorship, the focus is now on addressing the impacts of treatment on quality of life. In young people, altered reproductive function is a major issue and its effects in young males are largely neglected by novel research. To improve clinician awareness, we systematically reviewed side effects of chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in young males. Methods The review was prospectively registered (PROSPERO N. CRD42019122868). Three databases (Medline via PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library) were searched for studies featuring males aged 13-51-years who underwent chemotherapy for HL using ABVD (Adriamycin® (doxorubicin), bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) or BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisolone) regimens. These chemotherapy regimens were compared against each other using sperm characteristics, FSH, and inhibin B levels to measure fertility levels. Results Data were extracted from five studies featuring 1344 patients. 6 months post-ABVD saw marked deterioration in sperm count, further reduced by more cycles (P = 0.05). Patients treated with BEACOPP rather than ABVD were more prone to oligospermia. Receiving fewer cycles of both regimens increased the likelihood of sperm production recovering. Patients treated with 6-8 cycles of BEACOPP did not recover spermiogenesis. Conclusions ABVD and BEACOPP regimens significantly reduce fertility function to varying effects depending on treatment duration. ABVD temporarily causes significant reductions in male fertility, whereas BEACOPP’s effects are more permanent. Therefore, clinicians should discuss fertility preservation with male patients receiving infertility-inducing gonadotoxic therapy. Further high-quality studies are required to more adequality describe the risk to fertility by chemotherapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12094-020-02483-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S A Amin
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - O Brunckhorst
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - C Scott
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - D Wrench
- Department of Haematology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Gleeson
- Department of Haematology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Kazmi
- Department of Haematology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Ahmed
- MRC Centre for Transplantation, Guy's Hospital Campus, King's College London, King's Health Partners, London, SE1 9RT, UK. .,Department of Urology, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
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Mahmoudi M, Dargazanli C, Cagnazzo F, Derraz I, Arquizan C, Wacogne A, Labreuche J, Bonafe A, Sablot D, Lefevre PH, Gascou G, Gaillard N, Scott C, Costalat V, Mourand I. Predictors of Favorable Outcome after Endovascular Thrombectomy in MRI: Selected Patients with Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1670-1676. [PMID: 32819893 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clinical outcomes after endovascular treatment for acute basilar artery occlusions need further investigation. Our aim was to analyze predictors of a 90-day good functional outcome defined as mRS 0-2 after endovascular treatment in MR imaging-selected patients with acute basilar artery occlusions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed consecutive MR imaging-selected patients with acute basilar artery occlusions endovascularly treated within the first 24 hours after symptom onset. Successful and complete reperfusion was defined as modified TICI scores 2b-3 and 3, respectively. Outcome at 90 days was analyzed in univariate and multivariate analysis regarding baseline patient treatment characteristics and periprocedural outcomes. RESULTS One hundred ten patients were included. In 10 patients, endovascular treatment was aborted for failed proximal/distal access. Overall, successful reperfusion was achieved in 81.8% of cases (n = 90; 95% CI, 73.3%-88.6%). At 90 days, favorable outcome was 31.8%, with a mortality rate of 40.9%; the prevalence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 24 hours was 2.7%. The median time from symptom onset to groin puncture was 410 minutes (interquartile range, 280-540 minutes). In multivariable analysis, complete reperfusion (OR = 6.59; 95% CI, 2.17-20.03), lower pretreatment NIHSS (OR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64-0.94), the presence of posterior communicating artery collateral flow (OR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.05-7.84), the absence of atrial fibrillation (OR = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.03-0.99), and intravenous thrombolysis administration (OR = 2.75; 95% CI, 1.04-7.04) were associated with 90-day favorable outcome. CONCLUSIONS In our series of MR imaging-selected patients with acute basilar artery occlusions, complete reperfusion was the strongest predictor of a good outcome. Lower pretreatment NIHSS, the presence of posterior communicating artery collateral flow, the absence of atrial fibrillation, and intravenous thrombolysis administration were associated with favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahmoudi
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - C Dargazanli
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - F Cagnazzo
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - I Derraz
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - C Arquizan
- Neurology Department (C.A., N.G.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - A Wacogne
- Neurology Department (A.W.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, Nimes, France
| | - J Labreuche
- Biostatistics Department (J.L.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Bonafe
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - D Sablot
- Neurology Department (D.S.), Centre Hospitalier de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
| | - P H Lefevre
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - G Gascou
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - N Gaillard
- Neurology Department (C.A., N.G.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - C Scott
- Department of Reanimation (C.S.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - V Costalat
- From the Neuroradiology Department (M.M., C.D., F.C., I.D., A.B., P.H.L., G.G., V.C.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - I Mourand
- Neurology Department (C.A., N.G.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier, France
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Guasti PN, Souza FF, Scott C, Papa PM, Camargo LS, Schmith RA, Monteiro GA, Hartwig FP, Papa FO. Equine seminal plasma and sperm membrane: Functional proteomic assessment. Theriogenology 2020; 156:70-81. [PMID: 32679458 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
During ejaculation, a large amount of seminal plasma proteins interact with the sperm membrane, leading to a series of biochemical and structural changes implicated in sperm function and gamete interaction. However, the roles of the majority of these proteins remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the proteome and functionality of the major equine proteins of seminal plasma and the sperm membrane. Seminal plasma and enriched-membrane proteins (150 μg) were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and the respective maps were analyzed. Protein identification was performed by in-gel digestion and tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS). Samples were also submitted to in-solution digestion (complex protein mixture) and identified by shotgun analysis by LC-MS/MS; bioinformatic tools were used to investigate protein functions. Seminal plasma and sperm membrane extract maps contained 91.0 ± 8.2 spots and 245.3 ± 11.3 spots, respectively, within the 3-10 pH range. In total, the most abundant proteins identified in 2D maps and in complex protein mixtures included 24 proteins for seminal plasma and 33 for sperm membrane extract, with a high degree of confidence (P < 0.05). Of these, HSP1, CRISP3 and KLK1E2 were the most abundant in seminal plasma; HSP1 was highly abundant in sperm membrane extract, in many isoforms, which is related to membrane destabilization and may compromise sperm preservation. HSP1-polybromo-1 interactions suggested a role in DNA stabilization. Prosaposin was identified in seminal plasma and may play a role in the fertilization process. IZUMO4, a member of the IgSF family involved in the prefertilization stages, was identified in 2D gel and MS/MS analysis of sperm membrane extract. Ten proteins of seminal plasma were found to interact with the sperm membrane and were related to binding and catalytic activities (clusterin, CRISP3, epididymal sperm-binding protein 1, kallikrein1E2, seminal plasma protein A3, and HSP1). Additionally, other identified proteins were associated with DNA integrity, capacitation and recognition of pregnancy. These findings indicate that the binding of specific proteins to the plasma membrane during ejaculation may influence sperm survival after cryopreservation and may play a role in decreasing the quality in stallions with toxic seminal plasma. Elucidation of these interactions is an important step in understanding the biological processes related to equine fertility and facilitates future investigations on the selection and application of low freezability semen strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Guasti
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - F F Souza
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - C Scott
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - P M Papa
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - L S Camargo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - R A Schmith
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - G A Monteiro
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - F P Hartwig
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - F O Papa
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Scott
- University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
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Miltz AR, Rodger AJ, Lepri AC, Sewell J, Nwokolo NC, Allan S, Scott C, Ivens D, Lascar M, Speakman A, Phillips AN, Sherr L, Collins S, Elford J, Lampe FC. Investigating Conceptual Models for the Relationship Between Depression and Condomless Sex Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who have Sex with Men: Using Structural Equation Modelling to Assess Mediation. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:1793-1806. [PMID: 31782068 PMCID: PMC7220884 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate five hypothesized mechanisms of causation between depression and condomless sex with ≥ 2 partners (CLS2+) among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), involving alternative roles of self-efficacy for sexual safety and recreational drug use. Data were from the AURAH cross-sectional study of 1340 GBMSM attending genitourinary medicine clinics in England (2013–2014). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to investigate which conceptual model was more consistent with the data. Twelve percent of men reported depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and 32% reported CLS2+ in the past 3 months. AURAH data were more consistent with the model in which depression was considered to lead to CLS2+ indirectly via low self-efficacy for sexual safety (indirect Beta = 0.158; p < 0.001) as well as indirectly via higher levels of recreational drug use (indirect Beta = 0.158; p < 0.001). SEM assists in understanding the relationship between depression and CLS among GBMSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Miltz
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - A J Rodger
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Cozzi Lepri
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Sewell
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - S Allan
- City of Coventry Healthcare Centre, Coventry, UK
| | - C Scott
- West London Centre for Sexual Health, London, UK
| | - D Ivens
- Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Lascar
- Whipps Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Speakman
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A N Phillips
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - L Sherr
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - J Elford
- City, University of London, London, UK
| | - F C Lampe
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
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Ball J, Radunovic A, Scott C, Stevens M. AB1078 USE OF MYOSITIS SPECIFIC AUTOANTIBODIES TEST ACROSS A LARGE NHS HOSPITAL TRUST. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:The immunology laboratory at Barts Health supports a large clinical myopathy service, providing blood tests for myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSA) by a commercial line immunoblot panel for Jo1, PL7, PL12, SRP, Mi2, Ku, PM-Scl and Scl-70.As Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis (IIM) disease subtype definitions have evolved from the 1975 Bohan & Peter criteria, the discovery of new antibodies has proven useful in the hands of neuromuscular clinicians whose patients have a high pre-test probability of disease. Ready availability of the test has led to increased demand from:Respiratory physicians with patients with severe Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) whichcanbe a symptom of some IIMs.The connective tissue disease (CTD) screening section of the laboratory in which many patients are screened for antinuclear antibodies (ANA), which occasionally produces a pattern thatmaybe associated with an MSA.Objectives:Determine the frequency of MSA requests from different departments.To investigate the possibility of rejecting requests for MSAs at the laboratory in the absence of an elevated creatine kinase (CK), a hallmark of muscle damage associated with myositis (1).Methods:MSA were measured by a commercial line blot (Bluediver) which included Jo-1, PL-7, PL-12, Mi-2, Ku, SRP-54 and PM-Scl-100. Demographics and results for all MSA requested between September 2017 and November 2019 were pulled from laboratory records, together with CK results (if performed). CK was interpreted as low, normal or elevated according to reference ranges of 25-200 U/L (female) or 40-320 U/L (male).Results:597 tests were performed between 2017 and 2019. In total 59/597 (10%) were positive for the audited antibodies (Table 1). General Practitioner (GP) requests accounted for 41/597 (6.9%) tests, internal 464/597 (78%) and external 82/597 (14%). External requests were the most frequently positive at 10/82 (12%), internal requests 46/464 (10%), and GP requests only 3/41 (7%) of the time. Of all internal requesting sources, Respiratory accounted for the largest number at 108/597 (18%), followed by neurology with 85/597 (14%) (Figure 1). GPs constituted the 4thlargest source of requests.Table 1.Positive on polymyositis screen% positivityAll tests597Total599.9%Jo-140.7%PL-720.3%PL-1250.8%SRP-54101.7%Mi-240.7%Ku30.5%PM-Scl 100254.2%Scl-7071.2%Figure 1.MSAs had an associated CK result in 75% of internal and 12% of GP requests. A cohort of 17 patients had positive MSAs (3 x SRP, 1 x PL-7, 1 x Jo-1, 2 x Mi-2, 1 x Ku, 8 x PM-Scl100 and 1 x Scl-70) with normal CK.Of the 41 GP requests, MSA had been requested by the lab on the basis of ANA pattern for 33 (80%) of them, 3 of which were positive (2 x Scl-70, 1 x SRP-54).Conclusion:Demand for MSA from the Respiratory department (screening for ILD) currently exceeds demand from Neurology and from Rheumatology. In the GP cohort, 33 requests (80% of GPs, 5% of all requests) were generated by the laboratory.A cohort of patients with normal CK results had a positive MSA, implying CK alone cannot be used to limit test access. Interestingly, 10 positive results had no CK requested implying they were not being investigated for myositis.Further work is needed to determine the specificity and sensitivity of these antibodies for patients with clinically defined myositis, and the appropriateness of allowing the test to be applied in the absence of any clinical evidence of IIM.The findings of this audit need to be further extended to look at other myositis including other anti-synthetases, HMGCoAR, MDA5, TIF-1γ, NPX-2.References:[1]Dalakas MC, Hohlfeld R (2003) Polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Lancet 362:971–982Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Stevens M, Proudlove N, Ball J, Scott C. AB1131 STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL AND PROCESS MAPPING QUANTIFY THE EFFECTS OF HISTORICAL CHANGES TO THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASE TESTING ALGORITHM AND IDENTIFY AREAS FOR FUTURE IMPROVEMENT IN A LARGE DIAGNOSTIC IMMUNOLOGY SERVICE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Pathology test turnaround times (TATs) are a limiting factor in patient flow through rheumatology services. Quality improvement (QI) methodologies such as Lean use tools including statistical process control (SPC) and process mapping to study the performance of the whole of a clinical pipeline, expose unnecessary complexity (non-value-adding activity), and streamline processes and staff roles.Objectives:Understand effects of changes made to CTD testing algorithm over last 12 years by measuring some of the effects on TATs. Model current processes and suggest changes to workflow to improve TAT.Methods:High-level flow diagrams of the current testing algorithm, and low-level process maps of analyser and staff processes were drawn.Activity and TATs (working days between report and booking date) for ANA, ENA, DNA and CCP tests were plotted as XmR control charts.Results:Finding 1: Largest referral laboratory does not currently operate a separate DNA monitoring workstream, resulting in unnecessary ANA and ENA testing (figure 1).Figure 1.Current testing strategy (left) and suggested improvement (right)Finding 2:Samples are handed off between 3 different lab benches, each of which may be staffed by a different staff member on a different day, and results processing involves handoff to a further 2 different staff members.Finding 3:ANA demand is close to capacity, ENA demand exceeds current capacity (table 1).Table 1.Demand for ANA, ENA and DNA tests, compared to capacityTestMedian Demand(tests/ day)Approx. Capacity(tests/ day)NotesANA74100Close to 80% recommended by the ILGsENA3836*Less capacity than demand!!DNA34100PlentyFinding 4:Stopping screening DNA requests on ANA result increased the number of DNA tests performed by about 10 samples per day (30%), but decreased turnaround time by a similar proportion (3.3 to 2.3 days, figure 2). It also reduced turnaround times of ANA and ENA tests.Figure 2.Control chart of average TAT of dsDNA antibodies by request dateConclusion:Typically for a QI project, the initially simple CTD testing pipeline has accumulated many changes made without consideration of whole system performance, and is now a struggle to run.Improvement ideas to be explored from this work include:Liaising with main referral lab to develop a DNA monitoring workstream to reduce unnecessary ANA and ENA testingReduce handoffs, sample journey around lab analysers, and staff hands-on time by:changing ANA test methodology to same as DNAcreating new staff roles (analyser operators to perform validation/ authorisation steps)Create more capacity for ENA testing by increasing the frequency of this test on the weekly rotaCreate more capacity for service expansion by running analysers at weekends (staff consultation required)Reduce demand on service by engaging and educating requestorsImprove TAT for DNA by:processing samples the day they are booked in, instead of 1 day laterauto-validating runs…using control charts to measure improvementDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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Stones S, Smith E, Ainsworth S, Buys V, Costello W, Egert Y, Foster H, Lamot L, Prakken BJ, Scott C. OP0259-PARE WORLD YOUNG RHEUMATIC DISEASES (WORD) DAY: THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL AWARENESS DAY FOR PAEDIATRIC RHEUMATIC DISEASES. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:There is a lack of awareness of paediatric rheumatic diseases (PRDs), among the public, and certain groups of healthcare professionals, such as general practitioners [1]. To help improve awareness and understanding of PRDs, World Young Rheumatic Diseases Day (WORD Day) was established in 2019.Objectives:The aim of WORD Day, which took place on 18 March 2019, was to raise awareness of PRDs, while informing young people, families, healthcare professionals, teachers, and the public about the importance of timely referral plus early diagnosis and access to appropriate treatment and support.Methods:A steering committee was established for the inaugural campaign. An external agency was appointed to provide digital support, with an official social media campaign launching in December 2018. Social media analytics were used to measure the impact of official social media platforms. A range of branded materials were also made available (Fig 1), including an official campaign video. In addition, a specific engagement activity (#ButtonChallenge2019) was launched. This challenged participants to button up a piece of clothing while wearing gloves, to simulate the difficulties that young people with PRDs face undertaking daily activities. As part of the campaign launch, a list of suggested activities were provided, along with template press releases.Results:Several face-to-face and virtual events took place globally on or around WORD Day 2019, with 34 countries reporting events (Fig 2). Examples of events included lectures, social gatherings and media appearances. An official WORD Day tweet chat was also hosted. Regarding social media impact, between December 2018 and March 2019, a total of 2,585 and 660 individuals followed the official Facebook and Twitter accounts, respectively. Facebook posts were seen 646,000 times since the start of the campaign, with over 60,000 of Facebook reach from posts published on 18 March 2019 exclusively. A total of 270,800 impressions were observed on Twitter. The official #WORDDay2019 hashtag was seen by 533,955 unique accounts on 18 March 2019 alone, with 3,334,699 impressions. Posts with the hashtag were retweeted 1,112 times on WORD Day, with a total of 1,568 tweets recorded that day. With regards to the #ButtonChallenge2019, the challenge video was viewed for 6,700 minutes and received participation from across the world. Compared to the industry benchmark, the average engagements per post for WORD Day-related content was significantly higher compared to other medical and non-for-profit social media pages.Conclusion:WORD Day 2019 was the first international campaign focused solely on PRDs. Organic and paid social media content aided the dissemination of the WORD Day message, with Facebook proving to be the most popular social platform. Despite a wealth of different content published, authentic materials, namely video content, proved to be the most popular with users, particularly when it featured material designed by and with young people with PRDs. It was demonstrated that awareness events can often be resource-light and easily implemented across a range of diverse countries. It is anticipated that the global reach of WORD Day will increase over time as the campaign becomes more established.References:[1]Egert Y et al. Children and young people get rheumatic disease too. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. 2019;3(1):8-9.Acknowledgments:PReS for their financial support.Disclosure of Interests:Simon Stones Consultant of: I have been a paid consultant for Envision Pharma Group and Parexel. This does not relate to this abstract., Speakers bureau: I have been a paid speaker for Actelion and Janssen. These do not relate to this abstract., Eve Smith: None declared, Sammy Ainsworth: None declared, Veerle Buys: None declared, Wendy Costello: None declared, Yona Egert: None declared, Helen Foster: None declared, Lovro Lamot: None declared, Berent J. Prakken: None declared, Christiaan Scott: None declared
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Hicks K, Glaser K, Scott C, Sparks D, McHenry C. Discussion on: Enumerating the causes and burden of first case operating room delays. Am J Surg 2020; 219:490-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tan P, Laframboise J, Barr K, Anvari H, Ungi T, Fichtinger G, Scott C, Bechara R, Hookey L. A158 LACK OF DIFFERENCE OF COLONIC CURVATURE IN SUPINE VERSUS PRONE PATIENT POSITIONS, IN NORMAL AND HIGH BMI INDIVIDUALS, AS ASSESSED BY QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY COLONOGRAPHY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dynamic positional changes during colonoscopy are commonly used in clinical practice, in particular moving from side to side. It has been shown to improve both adenoma detection rates as well as cecal intubation times. However, perhaps due to an additional level of inconvenience, there have been few studies comparing the anatomy and changes in colonic curvature when patients are in the prone position, which may help to prevent anterior bowing of the scope, particularly in patients with high body mass index (BMI).
Aims
To compare both the number of colonic curves and degree of change in curves with patients in supine versus prone positioning during computed tomography colonography (CTC).
Methods
75 CTC studies, obtained between January and April 2017 at Hotel Dieu Hospital in Kingston, Ontario, were screened and included based on image quality and adequacy of distention. Per standardized protocol, all patients undergoing CTC are imaged both in supine and prone positioning. Using an automated computer algorithm process developed for this study, curves were identified and measured via centerline points placed digitally through the colonic lumen, and compared between supine and prone patient positioning.
Results
75 colonographies were examined. The mean age was 68 years and 37/75 were male. BMI data was available for 56 patients, with mean BMI 29.4 (SD 5.7). There were no significant differences in total mean degrees of curvature between supine and prone positions [75.3 (SD 13.5) vs. 77.3 (SD 15.3), p=0.07], nor a significantly higher total number of curves >100 degrees [4.0 (SD 2.0) vs. 4.5 (SD 2.3), p=0.14]. No significant correlation was seen between BMI and change in position (correlation factor 0.2, p=0.13).
Conclusions
No significant differences were found between the two positions during CT colonography. This certainly calls into question the strategy of starting in prone position, even in higher BMI patients. However, CT colonography doesn’t account for changes that can occur during colonoscopy, as the scope itself can dynamically affect angulations within the colon.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tan
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - K Barr
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - H Anvari
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - T Ungi
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - C Scott
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - R Bechara
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - L Hookey
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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El-Am E, Alsidawi S, Oguz D, Scott C, Thaden J, Pislaru S, Morant K, Pellikka P, Oh J, Nkomo V. 1049 High single-beat Doppler signals in low-gradient aortic stenosis are associated with higher aortic valve calcium. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Mayo Clinic
Background
Variability in Doppler signals is common in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and AF is common in low-gradient AS (LGAS). Presence of high single beat Doppler signals (peak velocity ≥4m/s or mean gradient ≥40mmHg) is not factored into decision-making in low-gradient aortic stenosis (LGAS).
Objective
Determine prevalence of at least one high Doppler signal in AF LGAS and its relationship to computed tomography aortic valve calcium score (AVCS) versus sinus rhythm (SR) high-gradient aortic stenosis (HGAS).
Methods
Consecutive patients with aortic valve area ≤1cm2 and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50% during echo were identified (January 1, 2012-December 31, 2016). At least three consecutive Doppler signals were averaged in sinus rhythm (SR) and five in atrial fibrillation (AF).
Results
Of 1,854 patients, age 76± 11 years, male 52%, 301/1,854 (16%) were in AF and LGAS was present in 122/301 (41%). At least one high Doppler signal in AF LGAS was present in 43/122 (35%). AVCS within 1 year of echo was available for 36% of patient with SR HGAS and 34% of AS LGAS. Median AVCS was not different in SR HGAS 2424 (IQR 1623, 3445) vs AF LGAS with at least one high Doppler signal 2509 [IQR1547, 3119], p =0.10 AVCS threshold for severe AS (men >2000 women >1200) was met in 80% SR HGAS vs 86% AF LGAS with high signals.
Conclusions
High Doppler signals in AF LGAS are associated with high AVCS more frequently exceeding thresholds for severe AS. Single-beat high Doppler signals instead of the average correlate better with AVCS and classic HGAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E El-Am
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Alsidawi
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - D Oguz
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - C Scott
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Thaden
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Pislaru
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - K Morant
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Pellikka
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Oh
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
| | - V Nkomo
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular diseases, Rochester, United States of America
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Kurmann R, El-Am E, Bois M, Scott C, Lee A, Sorour A, Maleszewski J, Klarich K. P670Clincal and echocardiographic characteristics in patients with pathology proven cardiac papillary fibroelastomas. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Papillary fibroelastoma (PFE) is a rare benign cardiac tumor with embolic potential. It is most commonly found on cardiac valves but can also be present on non-valvular endocardial surfaces. We sought to better understand the average PFE growth and recurrence rates, and characteristics that might be associated with embolization.
Purpose
To examine growth and recurrence rates and factors associated with embolization in patients with pathology-proven PFE.
Methods
Pathology-proven PFEs from 279 patients were identified at a single center between January 1995 and December 2018,and those with at least two transesophageal echocardiograms (TEE) more than 30 days apart were analyzed (n=62). Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics and outcomes. In addition, intra-operative TEEs were manually reviewed and compared to previous TEEs at our institution to estimate overall size, location, and average PFE growth rates.
Results
The TEEs from 62 patients with pathology-proven PFE (mean age 65±12 years, female 63%) were reviewed. PFE was discovered incidentally during cardiac surgery in 18% of patients. Most PFEs were located on the aortic valve (AV) (73%) followed by the mitral valve (MV) (16%). The majority of PFEs (71%) presented with a stalk versus a sessile configuration. Average maximal length for PFE (including stalk if present) on the AV was 8.5±3.3 mm, and on the MV 6.8±2.0 mm. The number of PFEs located in other locations was too small to be analyzed for growth. PFE growth varied depending on location and configuration. The PFE growth on the AV was an average increase of 0.47 mm/year, those on the MV was 0.115 mm/year.
Valvular PFE was associated with significant functional valve abnormality in 15% of patients, and the abnormality was attributed to the PFE in 9% of patients. There were 25 patients (40%) who had a documented stroke/transient ischemic attack prior to PFE removal (46% located on AV, 44% on MV, 10% other locations). In addition, some patients had other documented embolic complications, such as myocardial infarction, amaurosis fugax, and peripheral embolization to the spleen and kidney. PFE size and location (up-/ downstream of the valve) were not predictive of cardiovascular thromboembolic events. At a median follow up of 2 years, PFEs recurred in the same location in 7.5% of the patients.
Conclusion
PFE is highly associated with thromboembolic events and seem to grow slowly, with an average growth rate of 0.47mm/year on AV and 0.115mm/year on MV. Growth rates for PFE have not been previously described. PFE can be safely excised with preservation of the native valve and recurs in 7.5% of patients, suggesting that close follow-up maybe warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kurmann
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - E El-Am
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - M Bois
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - C Scott
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Lee
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Sorour
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | | | - K Klarich
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
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Tohidi-Esfahani I, Warden A, Malunis E, DeNardis P, Bomsztyk J, D'Sa S, Kersten M, Palomba M, Spearing R, Thomas S, Olszewski A, Scott C, Harrington C, Trotman J. WhiMSICAL (WALDENSTRÖM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA STUDY INVOLVING CArt-wheeL): A GLOBAL PATIENT-DERIVED DATA REGISTRY MAPPING TREATMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.46_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Warden
- Australian Patient Support Group for WM; WMozzies; Sydney Australia
| | - E. Malunis
- International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation; IWMF; Sarasota United States
| | - P. DeNardis
- International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation; IWMF; Sarasota United States
| | - J. Bomsztyk
- UCLH Centre for Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia and Related Conditions; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - S. D'Sa
- UCLH Centre for Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia and Related Conditions; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London United Kingdom
| | - M. Kersten
- Department of Hematology; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam and LYMMCARE; Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - M. Palomba
- Lymphoma Service, Department of Medicine; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York United States
| | - R. Spearing
- Department of Haematology; Christchurch Hospital; Christchurch New Zealand
| | - S. Thomas
- Lymphoma and Myeloma; MD Anderson Cancer Centre; Houston United States
| | - A.J. Olszewski
- Division of Hematology-Oncology; Rhode Island Hospital; Providence United States
| | - C. Scott
- Department of Medical Oncology; Royal Melbourne Hospital; Melbourne Australia
| | - C. Harrington
- International Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia Foundation; IWMF; Sarasota United States
| | - J. Trotman
- Haematology; Concord Repatriation General Hospital; Sydney Australia
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Scott C, Andrews D, Bulla S, Loerzel V. Teach-Back Method: Using a Nursing Education Intervention to Improve Discharge Instructions on an Adult Oncology Unit. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2019; 23:288-294. [PMID: 31099800 DOI: 10.1188/19.cjon.288-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transitions from acute clinical care to the outpatient setting can be daunting. Clear explanations of discharge instructions from nurses and assessment of the patient's understanding can have a positive impact. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of an education intervention on nurses' use of the teach-back method, as well as the effects on patient satisfaction at discharge. METHODS The setting was a 20-bed adult oncology unit. Nurses' understanding of the teach-back method pre- and posteducation intervention was assessed using the Conviction and Confidence Scale. The effect of the intervention on patient satisfaction was assessed using the Press Ganey survey three months before and after teach-back education. FINDINGS The results of this study indicated that nurses were more confident in their ability to use the teach-back method and integrated many teach-back competencies into clinical practice. Although few follow-up surveys were received, longer-term data indicated continued improvement in patient satisfaction and understanding of discharge instructions.
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Tan P, Laframboise J, Scott C, Bechara R, Lasso A, Asselin M, Holden M, Ungi T, Fichtinger G, Hookey L. A222 QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT TO DETERMINE CHANGES IN COLONIC CURVATURE WITH SUPINE VERSUS PRONE PATIENT POSITION USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY COLONOGRAPHY. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Tan
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - C Scott
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - R Bechara
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - A Lasso
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - M Asselin
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - M Holden
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - T Ungi
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - L Hookey
- Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Hanks RA, Rapport LJ, Seagly K, Millis SR, Scott C, Pearson C. Outcomes after Concussion Recovery Education: Effects of Litigation and Disability Status on Maintenance of Symptoms. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:554-558. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robin A. Hanks
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Psychology,Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Lisa J. Rapport
- Department of Psychology,Wayne State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Katharine Seagly
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Scott R. Millis
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Claire Pearson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
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Smith EMD, Eleuteri A, Goilav B, Lewandowski L, Phuti A, Rubinstein T, Wahezi D, Jones CA, Marks SD, Corkhill R, Pilkington C, Tullus K, Putterman C, Scott C, Fisher AC, Beresford MW. A Markov Multi-State model of lupus nephritis urine biomarker panel dynamics in children: Predicting changes in disease activity. Clin Immunol 2018; 198:71-78. [PMID: 30391651 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A urine 'biomarker panel' comprising alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein, ceruloplasmin, transferrin and lipocalin-like-prostaglandin-D synthase performs to an 'excellent' level for lupus nephritis identification in children cross-sectionally. The aim of this study was to assess if this biomarker panel predicts lupus nephritis flare/remission longitudinally. METHODS The novel urinary biomarker panel was quantified by enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay in participants of the United Kingdom Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (UK JSLE) Cohort Study, the Einstein Lupus Cohort, and the South African Paediatric Lupus Cohort. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 were also quantified in view of evidence from other longitudinal studies. Serial urine samples were collected during routine care with detailed clinical and demographic data. A Markov Multi-State model of state transitions was fitted, with predictive clinical/biomarker factors assessed by a corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) score (the better the model, the lower the AICc score). RESULTS The study included 184 longitudinal observations from 80 patients. The homogeneous multi-state Markov model of lupus nephritis activity AICc score was 147.85. Alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein and ceruloplasmin were identified to be the best predictive factors, reducing the AICc score to 139.81 and 141.40 respectively. Ceruloplasmin was associated with the active-to-inactive transition (hazard ratio 0.60 (95% confidence interval [0.39, 0.93])), and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein with the inactive-to-active transition (hazard ratio 1.49 (95% confidence interval [1.10, 2.02])). Inputting individual alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein/ceruloplasmin values provides 3, 6 and 12 months probabilities of state transition. CONCLUSIONS Alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein was predictive of active lupus nephritis flare, whereas ceruloplasmin was predictive of remission. The Markov state-space model warrants testing in a prospective clinical trial of lupus nephritis biomarker led monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M D Smith
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A Eleuteri
- Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - B Goilav
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
| | | | - A Phuti
- Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - T Rubinstein
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
| | - D Wahezi
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
| | - C A Jones
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - S D Marks
- Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - R Corkhill
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - C Pilkington
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - K Tullus
- Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | - C Putterman
- Department of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.
| | - C Scott
- Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - A C Fisher
- Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - M W Beresford
- Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
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Cothran F, Clay O, Epps F, Scott C, Williams I. GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN ADRD FAMILY CAREGIVERS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - O Clay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - C Scott
- University of Tennessee, Chattanooga
| | - I Williams
- Family, Community, & Mental Health Systems, University of Virginia
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Williams I, Cothran FA, Epps F, Scott C, Clay OJ. HEALTH PROMOTING BEHAVIORS AMONG RURAL AFRICAN AMERICAN DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Williams
- Family, Community, & Mental Health Systems, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia,United States
| | - F A Cothran
- Rush University, College of Nursing, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - F Epps
- Georgia State University, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions
| | - C Scott
- University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
| | - O J Clay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Clay OJ, Scott C, Cothran FA, Epps F, Williams IC. ASSOCIATIONS OF CARE RECIPIENT DIFFICULTIES WITH BURDEN AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN AND WHITE DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O J Clay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - C Scott
- University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave
| | - F A Cothran
- Rush University, College of Nursing, 600 S. Paulina Street, Rm 1080, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - F Epps
- Georgia State University, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, P O Box 4019 Atlanta GA 30302
| | - I C Williams
- University of Virginia, School of Nursing, 202 Jeanette Lancaster Way, PO Box 800872
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Peterson T, Scott C, Trask J. QUALITY OF SUPPORT NETWORKS AMONG OLDER GRANDPARENTS RAISING ADOLESCENT GRANDCHILDREN. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Scott
- University of Tennessee, Chattanooga
| | - J Trask
- Jacksonville State University
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Walker D, Gibbons J, Harris JD, Taylor CS, Scott C, Paterson GK, Morrison LR. Systemic Yersinia pseudotuberculosis as a Cause of Osteomyelitis in a Captive Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta). J Comp Pathol 2018; 164:27-31. [PMID: 30360909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica are ubiquitous pathogens with wildlife and domestic animal reservoirs. Outbreaks of 'non-plague' yersiniosis in man and non-human primates are reported frequently (including zoological specimens and research breeding colonies) and are usually characterized by enteritis, mesenteric lymphadenitis and occasionally organ abscessation. In people, non-septic reactive arthritis is a common sequela to yersiniosis. However, there have been rare reports in people of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis because of active systemic infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis. Osteomyelitis has also been reported rarely in historical yersiniosis outbreaks in farmed turkeys in England and the USA. This paper reports the first case of osteomyelitis caused by systemic infection with Y. pseudotuberculosis O:1 in a non-human primate, a captive ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta). The lemur had a short clinical history of hyporexia and weight loss with reduction in mobility, especially of the left hindlimb. On post-mortem examination there was evidence of multi-organ abscessation. In addition, severe necrosis, inflammation and large bacterial colonies were present in the musculature, periosteum and bone marrow in the hip, ribs and a vertebra at the cervicothoracic junction. Osteomyelitis should be considered as a rare clinical presentation in non-human primates with systemic Y. pseudotuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Walker
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - J Gibbons
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J D Harris
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C S Taylor
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Scott
- Struthers and Scott Veterinary Practice, Doune, Perthshire FK16 6EH, UK
| | - G K Paterson
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L R Morrison
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Edinburgh, UK
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Smith EMD, Lewandowski LB, Jorgensen AL, Phuti A, Nourse P, Scott C, Beresford MW. Growing international evidence for urinary biomarker panels identifying lupus nephritis in children - verification within the South African Paediatric Lupus Cohort. Lupus 2018; 27:2190-2199. [PMID: 30348048 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318808376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A urinary biomarker panel including alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein (AGP), lipocalin-like-prostaglandin-D-synthase (LPGDS), transferrin and ceruloplasmin demonstrates an 'excellent' ability for identifying active lupus nephritis in UK/US children. This study aimed to assess whether this panel identifies active lupus nephritis within the South African Paediatric Lupus Cohort. METHODS Juvenile-onset-systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients aged < 19 years at diagnosis and healthy controls were recruited. Patients were categorized as having active lupus nephritis (renal BILAG score; A/B and previous histological confirmation) or inactive lupus nephritis (renal BILAG score: D/E). Urinary biomarkers were quantified by ELISA. Mann-Whitney U-test compared biomarker levels between groups. Binary logistic regression and receiver operating curve analysis assessed biomarker combinations. RESULTS Twenty-three juvenile-onset-systemic lupus erythematosus patients were recruited with a median age of 13.5 years (interquartile range (IQR) 12.7-14.9) and disease duration of 2.6 years (IQR 1.8-4.0). Eighteen healthy controls had a median age of 11.0 years (IQR 10.0-12.0). AGP, LPGDS, transferrin, ceruloplasmin and VCAM-1 were significantly higher in active than in inactive lupus nephritis patients (corrected p-values, all pc < 0.05), with no difference between inactive lupus nephritis patients and healthy controls (all pc = 1.0). The optimal biomarker combination included AGP, ceruloplasmin, LPGDS and transferrin (area under the curve = 1.0). CONCLUSIONS A urinary biomarker panel comprising AGP, ceruloplasmin, LPGDS and transferrin previously validated within UK/US cohorts also performed excellently within a racially distinct South African cohort which displayed more severe lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M D Smith
- 1 Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Liverpool, UK.,2 Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L B Lewandowski
- 3 Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - A L Jorgensen
- 4 Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - A Phuti
- 5 Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - P Nourse
- 6 Paediatric Nephrology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C Scott
- 5 Paediatric Rheumatology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M W Beresford
- 1 Department of Women's & Children's Health, University of Liverpool, UK.,2 Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Korach J, Freyer G, Banerjee S, Asher R, Cosin J, Oza A, Poveda A, Di Napoli M, Scott C, Lapresa M, Heitz F, Takehara K, Sonke G, Tjulandin S, Kim JW, Hegg R, Vergote I, Turner S, Pujade-Lauraine E. Long-term tolerability of olaparib tablets as maintenance therapy for platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSR OC): Phase III SOLO2 trial. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy285.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Reginauld S, Cannone V, Heublein D, Iyer S, Scott C, Sangaralingham J, Burnett Jr J. 4934Circulating molecular forms of ANP and BNP in human acute decompensated Heart Failure: evidence for a relative ANP deficiency state. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Reginauld
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
| | - V Cannone
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
| | - D Heublein
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Iyer
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
| | - C Scott
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Sangaralingham
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Burnett Jr
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiorenal Laboratory, Rochester, United States of America
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Evans C, Bateman E, Steven R, Ponsford M, Cullinane A, Shenton C, Duthie G, Conlon C, Jolles S, Huissoon AP, Longhurst HJ, Rahman T, Scott C, Wallis G, Harding S, Parker AR, Ferry BL. Measurement of Typhi Vi antibodies can be used to assess adaptive immunity in patients with immunodeficiency. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 192:292-301. [PMID: 29377063 PMCID: PMC5980364 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine‐specific antibody responses are essential in the diagnosis of antibody deficiencies. Responses to Pneumovax II are used to assess the response to polysaccharide antigens, but interpretation may be complicated. Typhim Vi®, a polysaccharide vaccine for Salmonella typhoid fever, may be an additional option for assessing humoral responses in patients suspected of having an immunodeficiency. Here we report a UK multi‐centre study describing the analytical and clinical performance of a Typhi Vi immunoglobulin (Ig)G enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) calibrated to an affinity‐purified Typhi Vi IgG preparation. Intra‐ and interassay imprecision was low and the assay was linear, between 7·4 and 574 U/ml (slope = 0·99–1·00; R2 > 0·99); 71% of blood donors had undetectable Typhi Vi IgG antibody concentrations. Of those with antibody concentrations > 7·4 U/ml, the concentration range was 7·7–167 U/ml. In antibody‐deficient patients receiving antibody replacement therapy the median Typhi Vi IgG antibody concentrations were < 25 U/ml. In vaccinated normal healthy volunteers, the median concentration post‐vaccination was 107 U/ml (range 31–542 U/ml). Eight of eight patients (100%) had post‐vaccination concentration increases of at least threefold and six of eight (75%) of at least 10‐fold. In an antibody‐deficient population (n = 23), only 30% had post‐vaccination concentration increases of at least threefold and 10% of at least 10‐fold. The antibody responses to Pneumovax II and Typhim Vi® correlated. We conclude that IgG responses to Typhim Vi® vaccination can be measured using the VaccZyme Salmonella typhi Vi IgG ELISA, and that measurement of these antibodies maybe a useful additional test to accompany Pneumovax II responses for the assessment of antibody deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Evans
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - E Bateman
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R Steven
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - M Ponsford
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - A Cullinane
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Shenton
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - G Duthie
- Infectious Disease Department, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - C Conlon
- Infectious Disease Department, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - S Jolles
- Immunodeficiency Centre for Wales, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - A P Huissoon
- West Midlands Primary Immunodeficiency Centre, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - H J Longhurst
- Department of Immunology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - T Rahman
- Department of Immunology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - C Scott
- Department of Immunology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - G Wallis
- Binding Site Group Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Harding
- Binding Site Group Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - A R Parker
- Binding Site Group Limited, Birmingham, UK
| | - B L Ferry
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
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Scott C, Mangan J, Tillova Z, Jensen PA, Ahmedov S, Ismoilova J, Trusov A. Evaluation of the Tuberculosis Infection Control Training Center, Tajikistan, 2014-2015. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:579-585. [PMID: 28399974 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Training center on tuberculosis (TB) infection control (IC) for health care workers in the Central Asian Republics region. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of TB IC training courses conducted at the Tuberculosis Infection Control Training Center in Machiton, Tajikistan. DESIGN Participants who participated in training (n = 89) during the first year of operation (April 2014-February 2015) were invited to participate in a post-training interview. RESULTS Of the 89 participants, 84 (94%) completed the interview and expressed satisfaction with the training. Eighty (95%) participants reported meeting with workplace leadership to discuss the training. Of these, 69 (85%) reported discussing changes required to meet TB IC standards. Self-reported changes in TB IC practices at work facilities post training included the creation of TB IC committees, designation of a TB IC focal person, TB IC planning, policies to separate infectious patients in waiting rooms, provision of masks for infectious patients, development of cough etiquette policies, improved glove availability, hand hygiene programs, and TB IC posters in waiting rooms. CONCLUSIONS Participant satisfaction and reported changes in TB IC activities illustrate the potential of these training courses to improve TB IC in the region. Future training courses may be tailored to specific audiences using a structured conceptual framework to impact administration, budgeting, and facilities management of TB IC practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Scott
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Applied Sciences, Scientific Education and Professional Development Program Office, Division of Global HIV and TB
| | - J Mangan
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | | | - S Ahmedov
- US Agency for International Development, Bureau for Global Health, Infectious Diseases Division, Washington DC
| | | | - A Trusov
- Project Hope Headquarters, Millwood, VA, USA
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Abstract
Purpose There is no standardized approach for the ophthalmic care follow-up of children screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The authors report the ocular findings at 12 months in preterm and low birthweight babies screened for ROP over a 5-year period (1998–2003). Methods The case notes of 211 babies were retrospectively reviewed for birth details, maternal details, presence of ROP, and findings at follow-up screening which included visual acuity, refraction at 12 months, presence of squint, and any other ocular problems. Results At 1 year follow-up, 16.6% of ROP positive children failed a screening visit because of squint (6.66%), refractive error (6.66%), and optic nerve abnormalities (3.33%). At 1 year follow-up, 10% of ROP negative children had failed a screening visit because of squint (3.75 %), refractive error (3.75%), and other pathology (2.5%). Conclusions The authors recommend screening all babies with ROP at 12 months to identify amblyogenic factors such as squint and refractive error. Parents of infants who do not develop ROP should be advised of the increased risk of visual problems in their children and to have their child examined in the preschool period.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Cosgrave
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ipswich Hospital, Suffolk - UK
| | - C. Scott
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ipswich Hospital, Suffolk - UK
| | - R. Goble
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Ipswich Hospital, Suffolk - UK
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Matz M, Coleman MP, Sant M, Chirlaque MD, Visser O, Gore M, Allemani C, Bouzbid S, Hamdi-Chérif M, Zaidi Z, Bah E, Swaminathan R, Nortje S, El Mistiri M, Bayo S, Malle B, Manraj S, Sewpaul-Sungkur R, Fabowale A, Ogunbiyi O, Bradshaw D, Somdyala N, Stefan D, Abdel-Rahman M, Jaidane L, Mokni M, Kumcher I, Moreno F, González M, Laura E, Espinola S, Calabrano G, Carballo Quintero B, Fita R, Garcilazo D, Giacciani P, Diumenjo M, Laspada W, Green M, Lanza M, Ibañez S, Lima C, Lobo de Oliveira E, Daniel C, Scandiuzzi C, De Souza P, Melo C, Del Pino K, Laporte C, Curado M, de Oliveira J, Veneziano C, Veneziano D, Latorre M, Tanaka L, Azevedo e Silva G, Galaz J, Moya J, Herrmann D, Vargas S, Herrera V, Uribe C, Bravo L, Arias-Ortiz N, Jurado D, Yépez M, Galán Y, Torres P, Martínez-Reyes F, Pérez-Meza M, Jaramillo L, Quinto R, Cueva P, Yépez J, Torres-Cintrón C, Tortolero-Luna G, Alonso R, Barrios E, Nikiforuk C, Shack L, Coldman A, Woods R, Noonan G, Turner D, Kumar E, Zhang B, McCrate F, Ryan S, Hannah H, Dewar R, MacIntyre M, Lalany A, Ruta M, Marrett L, Nishri D, McClure C, Vriends K, Bertrand C, Louchini R, Robb K, Stuart-Panko H, Demers S, Wright S, George J, Shen X, Brockhouse J, O'Brien D, Ward K, Almon L, Bates J, Rycroft R, Mueller L, Phillips C, Brown H, Cromartie B, Schwartz A, Vigneau F, MacKinnon J, Wohler B, Bayakly A, Clarke C, Glaser S, West D, Green M, Hernandez B, Johnson C, Jozwik D, Charlton M, Lynch C, Huang B, Tucker T, Deapen D, Liu L, Hsieh M, Wu X, Stern K, Gershman S, Knowlton R, Alverson J, Copeland G, Rogers D, Lemons D, Williamson L, Hood M, Hosain G, Rees J, Pawlish K, Stroup A, Key C, Wiggins C, Kahn A, Schymura M, Leung G, Rao C, Giljahn L, Warther B, Pate A, Patil M, Schubert S, Rubertone J, Slack S, Fulton J, Rousseau D, Janes T, Schwartz S, Bolick S, Hurley D, Richards J, Whiteside M, Nogueira L, Herget K, Sweeney C, Martin J, Wang S, Harrelson D, Keitheri Cheteri M, Farley S, Hudson A, Borchers R, Stephenson L, Espinoza J, Weir H, Edwards B, Wang N, Yang L, Chen J, Song G, Gu X, Zhang P, Ge H, Zhao D, Zhang J, Zhu F, Tang J, Shen Y, Wang J, Li Q, Yang X, Dong J, Li W, Cheng L, Chen J, Huang Q, Huang S, Guo G, Wei K, Chen W, Zeng H, Demetriou A, Pavlou P, Mang W, Ngan K, Swaminathan R, Kataki A, Krishnatreya M, Jayalekshmi P, Sebastian P, Sapkota S, Verma Y, Nandakumar A, Suzanna E, Keinan-Boker L, Silverman B, Ito H, Nakagawa H, Hattori M, Kaizaki Y, Sugiyama H, Utada M, Katayama K, Narimatsu H, Kanemura S, Koike T, Miyashiro I, Yoshii M, Oki I, Shibata A, Matsuda T, Nimri O, Ab Manan A, Bhoo-Pathy N, Tuvshingerel S, Chimedsuren O, Al Khater A, El Mistiri M, Al-Eid H, Jung K, Won Y, Chiang C, Lai M, Suwanrungruang K, Wiangnon S, Daoprasert K, Pongnikorn D, Geater S, Sriplung H, Eser S, Yakut C, Hackl M, Mühlböck H, Oberaigner W, Zborovskaya A, Aleinikova O, Henau K, Van Eycken L, Dimitrova N, Valerianova Z, Šekerija M, Zvolský M, Engholm G, Storm H, Innos K, Mägi M, Malila N, Seppä K, Jégu J, Velten M, Cornet E, Troussard X, Bouvier A, Faivre J, Guizard A, Bouvier V, Launoy G, Arveux P, Maynadié M, Mounier M, Fournier E, Woronoff A, Daoulas M, Clavel J, Le Guyader-Peyrou S, Monnereau A, Trétarre B, Colonna M, Cowppli-Bony A, Molinié F, Bara S, Degré D, Ganry O, Lapôtre-Ledoux B, Grosclaude P, Estève J, Bray F, Piñeros M, Sassi F, Stabenow R, Eberle A, Erb C, Nennecke A, Kieschke J, Sirri E, Kajueter H, Emrich K, Zeissig S, Holleczek B, Eisemann N, Katalinic A, Brenner H, Asquez R, Kumar V, Ólafsdóttir E, Tryggvadóttir L, Comber H, Walsh P, Sundseth H, Devigili E, Mazzoleni G, Giacomin A, Bella F, Castaing M, Sutera A, Gola G, Ferretti S, Serraino D, Zucchetto A, Lillini R, Vercelli M, Busco S, Pannozzo F, Vitarelli S, Ricci P, Pascucci C, Autelitano M, Cirilli C, Federico M, Fusco M, Vitale M, Usala M, Cusimano R, Mazzucco W, Michiara M, Sgargi P, Maule M, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Di Felice E, Vicentini M, Falcini F, Cremone L, Budroni M, Cesaraccio R, Contrino M, Tisano F, Fanetti A, Maspero S, Candela G, Scuderi T, Gentilini M, Piffer S, Rosso S, Sacchetto L, Caldarella A, La Rosa F, Stracci F, Contiero P, Tagliabue G, Dei Tos A, Zorzi M, Zanetti R, Baili P, Berrino F, Gatta G, Sant M, Capocaccia R, De Angelis R, Liepina E, Maurina A, Smailyte G, Agius D, Calleja N, Siesling S, Visser O, Larønningen S, Møller B, Dyzmann-Sroka A, Trojanowski M, Góźdż S, Mężyk R, Grądalska-Lampart M, Radziszewska A, Didkowska J, Wojciechowska U, Błaszczyk J, Kępska K, Bielska-Lasota M, Kwiatkowska K, Forjaz G, Rego R, Bastos J, Silva M, Antunes L, Bento M, Mayer-da-Silva A, Miranda A, Coza D, Todescu A, Valkov M, Adamcik J, Safaei Diba C, Primic-Žakelj M, Žagar T, Stare J, Almar E, Mateos A, Quirós J, Bidaurrazaga J, Larrañaga N, Díaz García J, Marcos A, Marcos-Gragera R, Vilardell Gil M, Molina E, Sánchez M, Franch Sureda P, Ramos Montserrat M, Chirlaque M, Navarro C, Ardanaz E, Moreno-Iribas C, Fernández-Delgado R, Peris-Bonet R, Galceran J, Khan S, Lambe M, Camey B, Bouchardy C, Usel M, Ess S, Herrmann C, Bulliard J, Maspoli-Conconi M, Frick H, Kuehni C, Schindler M, Bordoni A, Spitale A, Chiolero A, Konzelmann I, Dehler S, Matthes K, Rashbass J, Stiller C, Fitzpatrick D, Gavin A, Bannon F, Black R, Brewster D, Huws D, White C, Finan P, Allemani C, Bonaventure A, Carreira H, Coleman M, Di Carlo V, Harewood R, Liu K, Matz M, Montel L, Nikšić M, Rachet B, Sanz N, Spika D, Stephens R, Peake M, Chalker E, Newman L, Baker D, Soeberg M, Aitken J, Scott C, Stokes B, Venn A, Farrugia H, Giles G, Threlfall T, Currow D, You H, Hendrix J, Lewis C. Erratum to “The histology of ovarian cancer: Worldwide distribution and implications for international survival comparisons (CONCORD-2)” [Gynecol. Oncol. 144 (2017) 405–413]. Gynecol Oncol 2017; 147:726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hamid U, Krasnodembskaya A, Fitzgerald M, Shyamsundar M, Kissenpfennig A, Scott C, Lefrancais E, Looney MR, Verghis R, Scott J, Simpson AJ, McNamee J, McAuley DF, O'Kane CM. Aspirin reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation in human models of ARDS. Thorax 2017; 72:971-980. [PMID: 28082531 PMCID: PMC5858553 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-208571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Platelets play an active role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Animal and observational studies have shown aspirin's antiplatelet and immunomodulatory effects may be beneficial in ARDS. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that aspirin reduces inflammation in clinically relevant human models that recapitulate pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in the development of ARDS. METHODS Healthy volunteers were randomised to receive placebo or aspirin 75 or 1200 mg (1:1:1) for seven days prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, allocation-concealed study. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 6 hours after inhaling 50 µg of LPS. The primary outcome measure was BAL IL-8. Secondary outcome measures included markers of alveolar inflammation (BAL neutrophils, cytokines, neutrophil proteases), alveolar epithelial cell injury, systemic inflammation (neutrophils and plasma C-reactive protein (CRP)) and platelet activation (thromboxane B2, TXB2). Human lungs, perfused and ventilated ex vivo (EVLP) were randomised to placebo or 24 mg aspirin and injured with LPS. BAL was carried out 4 hours later. Inflammation was assessed by BAL differential cell counts and histological changes. RESULTS In the healthy volunteer (n=33) model, data for the aspirin groups were combined. Aspirin did not reduce BAL IL-8. However, aspirin reduced pulmonary neutrophilia and tissue damaging neutrophil proteases (Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-8/-9), reduced BAL concentrations of tumour necrosis factor α and reduced systemic and pulmonary TXB2. There was no difference between high-dose and low-dose aspirin. In the EVLP model, aspirin reduced BAL neutrophilia and alveolar injury as measured by histological damage. CONCLUSIONS These are the first prospective human data indicating that aspirin inhibits pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation, at both low and high doses. Further clinical studies are indicated to assess the role of aspirin in the prevention and treatment of ARDS. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01659307 Results.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Hamid
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - A Krasnodembskaya
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M Fitzgerald
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M Shyamsundar
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - A Kissenpfennig
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C Scott
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - E Lefrancais
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - M R Looney
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - R Verghis
- Northern Ireland Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - J Scott
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon Tyne, UK
| | - A J Simpson
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon Tyne, UK
| | - J McNamee
- Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - D F McAuley
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.,Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - C M O'Kane
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Honjo K, Nyenhuis D, Gao F, Scott C, Ganda A, Lobaugh N, Graham S, Zhou X, Rangwala N, Stebbins G, Gibson E, McNeely A, Stuss D, Black S. Brain parenchymal fraction and post-stroke cognitive impairment in chronic focal stroke patients. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oza A, Combe P, Ledermann J, Marschner S, Amit A, Huzarski T, Lainez Milagro N, Savarese A, Scott C, Nicoletto M, Harter P, Enomoto T, Sonke G, Kim JW, Vergote I, Allen A, Pujade-Lauraine E. Evaluation of tumour responses and olaparib efficacy in platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) patients (pts) with or without measurable disease in the SOLO2 trial (ENGOT Ov-21). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx372.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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