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Fan ZJ, Tang CY, Hu DM. [Successful treatment of Bouveret syndrome by endoscopic titanium laser: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:1373-1375. [PMID: 36456522 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20211216-00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z J Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - C Y Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - D M Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
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2
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Wang YJ, Ren YY, Tang CY, Li XT, Liu JF. [Clinical characteristics analysis of two cases of nosebleed with acute cerebral hemorrhage]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:1336-1337. [PMID: 34963223 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20210304-00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y Y Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - C Y Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - X T Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J F Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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Abstract
Summary
We consider testing the covariance structure in statistical models. We focus on developing such tests when the random vectors of interest are not directly observable and have to be derived via estimated models. Additionally, the covariance specification may involve extra nuisance parameters which also need to be estimated. In a generic additive model setting, we develop and investigate test statistics based on the maximum discrepancy measure calculated from the residuals. To approximate the distributions of the test statistics under the null hypothesis, new multiplier bootstrap procedures with dedicated adjustments that incorporate the model and nuisance parameter estimation errors are proposed. Our theoretical development elucidates the impact due to the estimation errors with high-dimensional data and demonstrates the validity of our tests. Simulations and real data examples confirm our theory and demonstrate the performance of the proposed tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Guo
- International Institute of Finance, School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - C Y Tang
- Department of Statistical Science, Temple University, 1810 Liacouras Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-6083, U.S.A.
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Tang CY, Zhou F, Shen J, Ma X, Du J, Wang GG, Liu Z, Lei YQ, Li Y, Zhang JP. [Investigation and retrospective analysis of a family of Lynch syndrome]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 22:1081-1084. [PMID: 31770840 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Tang CY, Li S, Wang YT, Wang X. Comparative genome/transcriptome analysis probes Boraginales' phylogenetic position, WGDs in Boraginales, and key enzyme genes in the alkannin/shikonin core pathway. Mol Ecol Resour 2019; 20:228-241. [PMID: 31625679 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Boraginales (the forget-me-not order) is a core group within the lamiids clade. However, until now, no genome from Boraginales has been reported, and published transcriptomes are also rare. Here, we report the first Boraginales species de novo genome (i.e. Echium plantagineum genome) and seven other Boraginales species transcriptomes to probe three issues: (i) Boraginales' phylogenetic position within the lamiids clade; (ii) potential whole genome duplications (WGDs) in Boraginales; and (iii) candidate key enzyme genes in the alkannin/shikonin core pathway. The results showed that: (i) Boraginales was most probably closer to the Solanales/Gentianales clade than the Lamiales clade, at least based on the single-copy orthologous genes from genome/transcriptome data; (ii) after the gamma (γ) event, Boraginaceae (classified into the Boraginales I clade) probably underwent at least two rounds of WGD, whereas Heliotropiaceae and Ehretiaceae (classified into the Boraginales II clade) probably underwent only one round of WGD; and (iii) several candidate key enzyme genes in the alkannin/shikonin core pathway were inferred, e.g. genes corresponding to geranyl cyclase, naphthol hydroxylase and O-acyl transferase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Tang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Li
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xi Wang
- Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, China
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Tang CY, Zulhairun AK, Wong TW, Alireza S, Marzuki MSA, Ismail AF. Water transport properties of boron nitride nanosheets mixed matrix membranes for humic acid removal. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01142. [PMID: 30723824 PMCID: PMC6350219 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafiltration grade polysulfone-based mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) incorporated with two-dimensional boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) was prepared via phase inversion method. The amount of BN incorporated was varied and the influence on membrane morphology, contact angle, surface charge, as well as water permeability and humic acid rejection were investigated. Results revealed that the addition of BN to the membrane matrix resulted in profound increase in water permeability (almost tripled to that of neat PSf) and humic acid rejection due to the increase in pore size and surface negative charge. Beyond the morphological changes imparted by the inclusion of BNNS, we postulated that the presence of BNNS within the membrane matrix also contribute to the enhancement in flux and rejection based on surface-slip and selective interlayer transport. Despite the favourable augmentation of water transport and filtration performance, the MMMs suffered with fouling problem due to the entrapment of foulant within the enlarged pores and the membrane valleys. Its inherent adsorptive character could be a disadvantage when utilized as membrane filler.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - A K Zulhairun
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - T W Wong
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,School of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - S Alireza
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M S A Marzuki
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,Hi-Tech Instruments Sdn. Bhd., Bandar Bukit Puchong, 47120, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A F Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.,School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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Rust K, Spiliopoulou P, Tang CY, Bell C, Stirling D, Phang T, Davidson R, Mackean M, Nussey F, Glasspool RM, Reed NS, Sadozye A, Porteous M, McGoldrick T, Ferguson M, Miedzybrodzka Z, McNeish IA, Gourley C. Routine germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing in patients with ovarian carcinoma: analysis of the Scottish real-life experience. BJOG 2018; 125:1451-1458. [PMID: 29460478 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the rates of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Scottish patients with ovarian cancer, before and after a change in testing policy. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Four cancer/genetics centres in Scotland. POPULATION Patients with ovarian cancer undergoing germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 (gBRCA1/2) sequencing before 2013 (under the 'old criteria', with selection based solely on family history), after 2013 (under the 'new criteria', with sequencing offered to newly presenting patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer), and in the 'prevalent population' (who presented before 2013, but were not eligible for sequencing under the old criteria but were sequenced under the new criteria). METHODS Clinicopathological and sequence data were collected before and for 18 months after this change in selection criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Frequency of germline BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, and RAD51D mutations. RESULTS Of 599 patients sequenced, 205, 236, and 158 were in the 'old criteria', 'new criteria', and 'prevalent' populations, respectively. The frequency of gBRCA1/2 mutations was 30.7, 13.1, and 12.7%, respectively. The annual rate of gBRCA1/2 mutation detection was 4.2 before and 20.7 after the policy change. A total of 48% (15/31) 'new criteria' patients with gBRCA1/2 mutations had a Manchester score of <15 and would not have been offered sequencing based on family history criteria. In addition, 20 patients with gBRCA1/2 were identified in the prevalent population. The prevalence of gBRCA1/2 mutations in patients aged >70 years was 8.2%. CONCLUSIONS Sequencing all patients with non-mucinous ovarian cancer gives a much higher annual gBRCA1/2 mutation detection rate, with the frequency of positive tests still exceeding the 10% threshold upon which many family history-based models operate. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT BRCA sequencing all non-mucinous cancer patients increases mutation detection five fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rust
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - C Y Tang
- Department of Oncology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - C Bell
- Department of Medical Genetics, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
| | - D Stirling
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thf Phang
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - R Davidson
- Department of Genetics, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Mackean
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - F Nussey
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - N S Reed
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Sadozye
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Porteous
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - T McGoldrick
- Department of Oncology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK
| | - M Ferguson
- Department of Oncology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Z Miedzybrodzka
- Department of Medical Genetics, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - I A McNeish
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Gourley
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Edinburgh, UK
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, University of Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, MRC IGMM, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Lu GH, Tang CY, Hua XM, Cheng J, Wang GH, Zhu YL, Zhang LY, Shou HX, Qi JL, Yang YH. Effects of an EPSPS-transgenic soybean line ZUTS31 on root-associated bacterial communities during field growth. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192008. [PMID: 29408918 PMCID: PMC5800644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased worldwide commercial cultivation of transgenic crops during the past 20 years is accompanied with potential effects on the soil microbial communities, because many rhizosphere and endosphere bacteria play important roles in promoting plant health and growth. Previous studies reported that transgenic plants exert differential effects on soil microbial communities, especially rhizobacteria. Thus, this study compared the soybean root-associated bacterial communities between a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase -transgenic soybean line (ZUTS31 or simply Z31) and its recipient cultivar (Huachun3 or simply HC3) at the vegetative, flowering, and seed-filling stages. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) V4 hypervariable region amplicons via Illumina MiSeq and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed. Our results revealed no significant differences in the overall alpha diversity of root-associated bacterial communities at the three developmental stages and in the beta diversity of root-associated bacterial communities at the flowering stage between Z31 and HC3 under field growth. However, significant differences in the beta diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities were found at the vegetative and seed-filling stages between the two groups. Furthermore, the results of next generation sequencing and qPCR showed that the relative abundances of root-associated main nitrogen-fixing bacterial genera, especially Bradyrhizobium in the roots, evidently changed from the flowering stage to the seed-filling stage. In conclusion, Z31 exerts transitory effects on the taxonomic diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities at the vegetative and seed-filling stages compared to the control under field conditions. In addition, soybean developmental change evidently influences the main symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterial genera in the roots from the flowering stage to the seed-filling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Lu
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Hua
- Research Center for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gu-Hao Wang
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin-Ling Zhu
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Ya Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hui-Xia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: , (YHY); (JLQ)
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- NJU–NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: , (YHY); (JLQ)
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Lin HY, Han HW, Sun WX, Yang YS, Tang CY, Lu GH, Qi JL, Wang XM, Yang YH. Design and characterization of α -lipoic acyl shikonin ester twin drugs as tubulin and PDK1 dual inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:137-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Dikshit N, Kale SD, Khameneh HJ, Balamuralidhar V, Tang CY, Kumar P, Lim TP, Tan TT, Kwa AL, Mortellaro A, Sukumaran B. NLRP3 inflammasome pathway has a critical role in the host immunity against clinically relevant Acinetobacter baumannii pulmonary infection. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:257-272. [PMID: 28612844 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) is a leading cause of life-threatening nosocomial pneumonia. Outbreaks of multidrug resistant (MDR)-AB belonging to international clones (ICs) I and II with limited treatment options are major global health threats. However, the pathogenesis mechanisms of various AB clonal groups are understudied. Although inflammation-associated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and IL-1 receptor antagonist polymorphisms were previously implicated in MDR-AB-related pneumonia in patients, whether inflammasomes has any role in the host defense and/or pathogenesis of clinically relevant A. baumannii infection is unknown. Using a sublethal mouse pneumonia model, we demonstrate that an extensively drug-resistant clinical isolate (ICII) of A. baumannii exhibits reduced/delayed early pulmonary neutrophil recruitment, higher lung persistence, and, most importantly, elicits enhanced IL-1β/IL-18 production and lung damage through NLRP3 inflammasome, in comparison with A. baumannii-type strain. A. baumannii infection-induced IL-1β/IL-18 production is entirely dependent on NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1/caspase-11 pathway. Using Nlrp3-/- mice infection models, we further show that while NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to host defense against A. baumannii clinical isolate, it is dispensable for protection against A. baumannii-type strain. Our study reveals a novel differential role for NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in the immunity against clinically relevant A. baumannii infections, and highlights inflammasome pathway as a potential immunomodulatory target.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dikshit
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S D Kale
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - H J Khameneh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - V Balamuralidhar
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Y Tang
- Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P Kumar
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T P Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.,Sing Health Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme (MED ACP), Singapore, Singapore
| | - T T Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A L Kwa
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacy, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.,Sing Health Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme (MED ACP), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Mortellaro
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - B Sukumaran
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Qiu HY, Fu JY, Yang MK, Han HW, Wang PF, Zhang YH, Lin HY, Tang CY, Qi JL, Yang RW, Wang XM, Zhu HL, Yang YH. Identification of new shikonin derivatives as STAT3 inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 146:74-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Qiu HY, Wang PF, Lin HY, Tang CY, Zhu HL, Yang YH. Naphthoquinones: A continuing source for discovery of therapeutic antineoplastic agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 91:681-690. [PMID: 29130595 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring naphthoquinones, usually in forms of botanical extracts, have been implicated with human life since ancient time, far earlier than their isolation and identification in modern era. The long use history of naphthoquinones has witnessed their functional shift from the original purposes as dyes and ornaments toward medicinal benefits. Hitherto, numerous studies have been carried out to elucidate the pharmacological profile of both natural and artificial naphthoquinones. A number of entities have been identified with promising therapeutic potential. Apart from the traditional effects of wound healing, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, antifertility, insecticidal and antimicrobial, etc., the anticancer potential of naphthoquinones either in combination with other treatment approaches or on their own is being more and more realized. The molecular mechanisms of naphthoquinones in cells mainly fall into two categories as inducing oxidant stress by ROS (reactive oxygen species) generation and directly interacting with traditional therapeutic targets in a non-oxidant mechanism. Based on this knowledge, optimized agents with naphthoquinones scaffold have been acquired and further tested. Hereby, we summarize the explored biological mechanisms of naphthoquinones in cells and review the application perspective of promising naphthoquinones in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yue Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong-Yan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Zhu Y, Lu GH, Bian ZW, Wu FY, Pang YJ, Wang XM, Yang RW, Tang CY, Qi JL, Yang YH. Involvement of LeMDR, an ATP-binding cassette protein gene, in shikonin transport and biosynthesis in Lithospermum erythrorhizon. BMC Plant Biol 2017; 17:198. [PMID: 29132307 PMCID: PMC5683320 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin is a naphthoquinone secondary metabolite with important medicinal value and is found in Lithospermum erythrorhizon. Considering the limited knowledge on the membrane transport mechanism of shikonin, this study investigated such molecular mechanism. RESULTS We successfully isolated an ATP-binding cassette protein gene, LeMDR, from L. erythrorhizon. LeMDR is predominantly expressed in L. erythrorhizon roots, where shikonin accumulated. Functional analysis of LeMDR by using the yeast cell expression system revealed that LeMDR is possibly involved in the shikonin efflux transport. The accumulation of shikonin is lower in yeast cells transformed with LeMDR-overexpressing vector than that with empty vector. The transgenic hairy roots of L. erythrorhizon overexpressing LeMDR (MDRO) significantly enhanced shikonin production, whereas the RNA interference of LeMDR (MDRi) displayed a reverse trend. Moreover, the mRNA expression level of LeMDR was up-regulated by treatment with shikonin and shikonin-positive regulators, methyl jasmonate and indole-3-acetic acid. There might be a relationship of mutual regulation between the expression level of LeMDR and shikonin biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the important role of LeMDR in transmembrane transport and biosynthesis of shikonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Wu Bian
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Yao Wu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jun Pang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023 People’s Republic of China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 People’s Republic of China
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14
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Huang SC, Chu SJ, Guo YM, Ji YJ, Hu DQ, Cheng J, Lu GH, Yang RW, Tang CY, Qi JL, Yang YH. Novel mechanisms for organic acid-mediated aluminium tolerance in roots and leaves of two contrasting soybean genotypes. AoB Plants 2017; 9:plx064. [PMID: 29302304 PMCID: PMC5739043 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plx064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity is one of the most important limiting factors for crop yield in acidic soils. However, the mechanisms that confer Al tolerance still remain largely unknown. To understand the molecular mechanism that confers different tolerance to Al, we performed global transcriptome analysis to the roots and leaves of two contrasting soybean genotypes, BX10 (Al-tolerant) and BD2 (Al-sensitive) under 0 and 50 μM Al3+ treatments, respectively. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that the expression levels of the genes involved in lipid/carbohydrate metabolism and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated signalling pathway were highly induced in the roots and leaves of both soybean genotypes. The gene encoding enzymes, including pyruvate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, ATP-citrate lyase and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase 2, associated with organic acid metabolism were differentially expressed in the BX10 roots. In addition, the genes involved in citrate transport were differentially expressed. Among these genes, FRD3b was down-regulated only in BD2, whereas the other two multidrug and toxic compound extrusion genes were up-regulated in both soybean genotypes. These findings confirmed that BX10 roots secreted more citrate than BD2 to withstand Al stress. The gene encoding enzymes or regulators, such as lipoxygenase, 12-oxophytodienoate reductase, acyl-CoA oxidase and jasmonate ZIM-domain proteins, involved in JA biosynthesis and signalling were preferentially induced in BD2 leaves. This finding suggests that the JA defence response was activated, possibly weakening the growth of aerial parts because of excessive resource consumption and ATP biosynthesis deficiency. Our results suggest that the Al sensitivity in some soybean varieties could be attributed to the low level of citrate metabolism and exudation in the roots and the high level of JA-mediated defence response in the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Shu-Juan Chu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Min Guo
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Jing Ji
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Qing Hu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Wu FY, Tang CY, Guo YM, Bian ZW, Fu JY, Lu GH, Qi JL, Pang YJ, Yang YH. Transcriptome analysis explores genes related to shikonin biosynthesis in Lithospermeae plants and provides insights into Boraginales' evolutionary history. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4477. [PMID: 28667265 PMCID: PMC5493674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shikonin and its derivatives extracted from Lithospermeae plants' red roots have current applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. Previous studies have cloned some genes related to shikonin biosynthesis. However, most genes related to shikonin biosynthesis remain unclear, because the lack of the genome/transcriptome of the Lithospermeae plants. Therefore, in order to provide a new understanding of shikonin biosynthesis, we obtained transcriptome data and unigenes expression profiles in three shikonin-producing Lithospermeae plants, i.e., Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Arnebia euchroma and Echium plantagineum. As a result, two unigenes (i.e., G10H and 12OPR) that are involved in "shikonin downstream biosynthesis" and "methyl jasmonate biosynthesis" were deemed to relate to shikonin biosynthesis in this study. Furthermore, we conducted a Lamiids phylogenetic model and identified orthologous unigenes under positive selection in above three Lithospermeae plants. The results indicated Boraginales was more relative to Solanales/Gentianales than to Lamiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yu-Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhuo-Wu Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jiang-Yan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yan-Jun Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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16
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Qiu HY, Zhu X, Luo YL, Lin HY, Tang CY, Qi JL, Pang YJ, Yang RW, Lu GH, Wang XM, Yang YH. Identification of New Shikonin Derivatives as Antitumor Agents Targeting STAT3 SH2 Domain. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2863. [PMID: 28588262 PMCID: PMC5460289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is hyper-activated in diversiform human tumors and has been validated as an attractive therapeutic target. Current research showed that a natural product, shikonin, along with its synthetic analogues, is able to inhibit the activity of STAT3 potently. The potential space of shikonin in developing novel anti-cancer agents encouraged us to carry out the investigation of the probable binding mode with STAT3. From this foundation, we have designed new types of STAT3 SH2 inhibitors. Combined simulations were performed to filter for the lead compound, which was then substituted, synthesized and evaluated by a variety of bioassays. Among the entities, PMM-172 exhibited the best anti-proliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells with IC50 value 1.98 ± 0.49 μM. Besides, it was identified to decrease luciferase activity, induce cell apoptosis and reduce mitochondrial transmembrane potential in MDA-MB-231 cells. Also, PMM-172 inhibited constitutive/inducible STAT3 activation without affecting STAT1 and STAT5 in MDA-MB-231 cells, and had no effect in non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Moreover, PMM-172 suppressed STAT3 nuclear localization and STAT3 downstream target genes expression. Overall, these results indicate that the antitumor activity of PMM-172 is at least partially due to inhibition of STAT3 in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yue Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yue-Lin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hong-Yan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yan-Jun Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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17
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Lu GH, Zhu YL, Kong LR, Cheng J, Tang CY, Hua XM, Meng FF, Pang YJ, Yang RW, Qi JL, Yang YH. Impact of a Glyphosate-Tolerant Soybean Line on the Rhizobacteria, Revealed by Illumina MiSeq. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 27:561-572. [PMID: 27974727 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1609.09008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The global commercial cultivation of transgenic crops, including glyphosate-tolerant soybean, has increased widely in recent decades with potential impact on the environment. The bulk of previous studies showed different results on the effects of the release of transgenic plants on the soil microbial community, especially rhizosphere bacteria. In this study, comparative analyses of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils and surrounding soils were performed between the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line NZL06-698 (or simply N698), containing a glyphosate-insensitive EPSPS gene, and its control cultivar Mengdou12 (or simply MD12), by a 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicon sequencing-based Illumina MiSeq platform. No statistically significant difference was found in the overall alpha diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities, although the species richness and evenness of the bacteria increased in the rhizosphere of N698 compared with that of MD12. Some influence on phylogenetic diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial communities was found between N698 and MD12 by beta diversity analysis based on weighted UniFrac distance. Furthermore, the relative abundances of part rhizosphere bacterial phyla and genera, which included some nitrogen-fixing bacteria, were significantly different between N698 and MD12. Our present results indicate some impact of the glyphosate-tolerant soybean line N698 on the phylogenetic diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities together with a significant difference in the relative abundances of part rhizosphere bacteria at different classification levels as compared with its control cultivar MD12, when a comparative analysis of surrounding soils between N698 and MD12 was used as a systematic contrast study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Lu
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Ling Zhu
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ru Kong
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Hua
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
| | - Fan-Fan Meng
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Pang
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
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18
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Lin HY, Sun WX, Zheng CS, Han HW, Wang X, Zhang YH, Qiu HY, Tang CY, Qi JL, Lu GH, Yang RW, Wang XM, Yang YH. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of formononetin derivatives as novel EGFR inhibitors via inhibiting growth, migration and inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cell line. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel formononetin derivative 4v inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation, migration and induced apoptosis through targeting EGFR.
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19
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Dickstein DL, Pullman MY, Fernandez C, Short JA, Kostakoglu L, Knesaurek K, Soleimani L, Jordan BD, Gordon WA, Dams-O'Connor K, Delman BN, Wong E, Tang CY, DeKosky ST, Stone JR, Cantu RC, Sano M, Hof PR, Gandy S. Cerebral [ 18 F]T807/AV1451 retention pattern in clinically probable CTE resembles pathognomonic distribution of CTE tauopathy. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e900. [PMID: 27676441 PMCID: PMC5048212 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disorder most commonly associated with repetitive traumatic brain injury (TBI) and characterized by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein, known as a tauopathy. Currently, the diagnosis of CTE can only be definitively established postmortem. However, a new positron emission tomography (PET) ligand, [18F]T807/AV1451, may provide the antemortem detection of tau aggregates, and thus various tauopathies, including CTE. Our goal was to examine [18F]T807/AV1451 retention in athletes with neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with a history of multiple concussions. Here we report a 39-year-old retired National Football League player who suffered 22 concussions and manifested progressive neuropsychiatric symptoms. Emotional lability and irritability were the chief complaints. Serial neuropsychological exams revealed a decline in executive functioning, processing speed and fine motor skills. Naming was below average but other cognitive functions were preserved. Structural analysis of longitudinally acquired magenetic resonance imaging scans revealed cortical thinning in the left frontal and lateral temporal areas, as well as volume loss in the basal ganglia. PET with [18F]florbetapir was negative for amyloidosis. The [18F]T807/AV1451 PET showed multifocal areas of retention at the cortical gray matter-white matter junction, a distribution considered pathognomonic for CTE. [18F]T807/AV1451 standard uptake value (SUV) analysis showed increased uptake (SUVr⩾1.1) in bilateral cingulate, occipital, and orbitofrontal cortices, and several temporal areas. Although definitive identification of the neuropathological underpinnings basis for [18F]T807/AV1451 retention requires postmortem correlation, our data suggest that [18F]T807/AV1451 tauopathy imaging may be a promising tool to detect and diagnose CTE-related tauopathy in living subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Dickstein
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA. E-mail:
| | - M Y Pullman
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Fernandez
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J A Short
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - L Kostakoglu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Knesaurek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - L Soleimani
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - B D Jordan
- Burke Rehabilitaiton Hospital, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - W A Gordon
- The NFL Neurological Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Dams-O'Connor
- The NFL Neurological Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - B N Delman
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - E Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Y Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S T DeKosky
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - J R Stone
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R C Cantu
- Centre for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Emerson Hospital, Concord, MA, USA
| | - M Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - P R Hof
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Gandy
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029 USA. E-mail:
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20
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Wu FY, Tang CY, Guo YM, Yang MK, Yang RW, Lu GH, Yang YH. Comparison of miRNAs and Their Targets in Seed Development between Two Maize Inbred Lines by High-Throughput Sequencing and Degradome Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159810. [PMID: 27463682 PMCID: PMC4962988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in plant growth, development, and response to environment. For identifying and comparing miRNAs and their targets in seed development between two maize inbred lines (i.e. PH6WC and PH4CV), two sRNAs and two degradome libraries were constructed. Through high-throughput sequencing and miRNA identification, 55 conserved and 24 novel unique miRNA sequences were identified in two sRNA libraries; moreover, through degradome sequencing and analysis, 137 target transcripts corresponding to 38 unique miRNA sequences were identified in two degradome libraries. Subsequently, 16 significantly differentially expressed miRNA sequences were verified by qRT-PCR, in which 9 verified sequences obviously target 30 transcripts mainly involved with regulation in flowering and development in embryo. Therefore, the results suggested that some miRNAs (e.g. miR156, miR171, miR396 and miR444) related reproductive development might differentially express in seed development between the PH6WC and PH4CV maize inbred lines in this present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (CT); (GL)
| | - Yu-Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Min-Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (CT); (GL)
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (CT); (GL)
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Zhao P, Sokolov LN, Ye J, Tang CY, Shi J, Zhen Y, Lan W, Hong Z, Qi J, Lu GH, Pandey GK, Yang YH. The LIKE SEX FOUR2 regulates root development by modulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28683. [PMID: 27349915 PMCID: PMC4923905 DOI: 10.1038/srep28683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis plays a central role in plants, and is also critical for plant root development. Threshold levels of ROS act as signals for elongation and differentiation of root cells. The protein phosphatase LIKE SEX FOUR2 (LSF2) has been reported to regulate starch metabolism in Arabidopsis, but little is known about the mechanism how LSF2 affect ROS homeostasis. Here, we identified that LSF2 function as a component modulating ROS homeostasis in response to oxidative stress and, thus regulate root development. Compared with wild type Arabidopsis, lsf2-1 mutant exhibited reduced rates of superoxide generation and higher levels of hydrogen peroxide upon oxidative stress treatments. The activities of several antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, were also affected in lsf2-1 mutant under these oxidative stress conditions. Consequently, lsf2-1 mutant exhibited the reduced root growth but less inhibition of root hair formation compared to wild type Arabidopsis plants. Importantly, protein phosphatase LSF2 interacted with mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MPK8), a known component of ROS homeostasis pathways in the cytoplasm. These findings indicated the novel function of LSF2 that controls ROS homeostasis to regulate root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingzhi Zhao
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lubomir N Sokolov
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Tang
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jisen Shi
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yan Zhen
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Biotechnology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenzhi Lan
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinliang Qi
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Han JS, Wang HS, Wang ZW, Yin ZT, Han HG, Tang CY. [Safety and efficacy of Cox-maze Ⅲ procedure for patients with atrial fibrillation associated with rheumatic mitral valve disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:1011-5. [PMID: 27055792 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.13.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of cut-and-sew Cox-Maze (CM) Ⅲ procedure for patients with atrial fibrillation associated with rheumatic mitral valve disease. METHODS Patients received mitral valve replacement and CM procedure between January 2007 and July 2015, were 1∶1 matched and assigned to CM Ⅳ group (undergoing surgical ablation) and CM Ⅲ group (undergoing cut-and-sew CM Ⅲ). Safety indices, mortality rate, complications and recovery rate of sinus rhythm were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Mean extracorporeal circulation time was (154±22) min in the CM Ⅲ group and (136±21) min in the CM Ⅳ group (P<0.001), and aortic clamp time was (85±9) min in the CM Ⅲ group and (74±12) min in the CM Ⅳ group (P<0.001). One patient (1.18%) in the CM Ⅲ group died of multi-organ failure 4 day after left ventricular rupture being sucessfully repaired, and 2 patients died (2.35%) in the CM Ⅳ group ( 1 due to left ventricular rupture and 1 due to low cardiac output syndrome). There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups. Temporary pacemaker were applied for 76 cases (89.41%) in the CM Ⅲ and 70 cases (82.35%) in the CM Ⅳ group, without a statistical difference (P=0.186). There were also no statistical difference between the two groups in intraoperative urinary volume, postoperative drainage of fluid volume, hemoglobinuria, ventilator time, ICU time, hospital stay and the incidence of the complications (all P>0.05). Sinus rhythm recovery rate was 62.35 % in the CM Ⅲ group and 57.65 % in the CM Ⅳ group, without a statistical difference (P=0.531) at the operation day, but at discharge a statistical difference was found (97.62% in the CM Ⅲ group vs 81.93% in the CM Ⅳ group, P<0.001). All patients were followed up for three months, and no deaths occurred. Sinus rhythm recovery rate was 96.43 % in the CM Ⅲ group and 86.75% in the CM Ⅳ group, with a statistical difference (P=0.024). CONCLUSION The cut-and-sew Cox-Maze Ⅲ procedure is a safe and effective method for patients with atrial fibrillation associated with rheumatic mitral valve disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Tang CY, Wu FY, Yang MK, Guo YM, Lu GH, Yang YH. A Classic Near-Infrared Probe Indocyanine Green for Detecting Singlet Oxygen. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:219. [PMID: 26861313 PMCID: PMC4783951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The revelation of mechanisms of photodynamic therapy (PDT) at the cellular level as well as singlet oxygen (1O2) as a second messengers requires the quantification of intracellular 1O2. To detect singlet oxygen, directly measuring the phosphorescence emitted from 1O2 at 1270 nm is simple but limited for the low quantum yield and intrinsic efficiency of 1O2 emission. Another method is chemically trapping 1O2 and measuring fluorescence, absorption and Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). In this paper, we used indocyanine green (ICG), the only near-infrared (NIR) probe approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), to detect 1O2in vitro. Once it reacts with 1O2, ICG is decomposed and its UV absorption at 780 nm decreases with the laser irradiation. Our data demonstrated that ICG could be more sensitive and accurate than Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green reagent® (SOSG, a commercialized fluorescence probe) in vitro, moreover, ICG functioned with Eosin Y while SOSG failed. Thus, ICG would reasonably provide the possibility to sense 1O2in vitro, with high sensitivity, selectivity and suitability to most photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Feng-Yao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Min-Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yu-Min Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Thalayasingam M, Gerez IFA, Yap GC, Llanora GV, Chia IP, Chua L, Lee CJAO, Ta LDH, Cheng YK, Thong BYH, Tang CY, Van Bever HPS, Shek LP, Curotto de Lafaille MA, Lee BW. Clinical and immunochemical profiles of food challenge proven or anaphylactic shrimp allergy in tropical Singapore. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:687-97. [PMID: 25257922 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shellfish allergy in Singapore is highly prevalent, and shrimp allergy is the most common. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics and immunological phenotype of shellfish allergy in this population. METHODS Patients with self-reported shellfish allergy were recruited from outpatient clinics of three large hospitals and from a population survey. Open oral food challenges (OFC) to glass prawn (Litopenaeus vannamei) and tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) were carried out on all patients except for those who had a history of severe anaphylaxis. Skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE to crude and recombinant allergens were carried out to evaluate shrimp and dust mite sensitization. Immunoblots were used to assess IgE-binding proteins. RESULTS The 104 patients recruited were categorized into shellfish allergic (SA) when OFC was positive or had a history of severe anaphylaxis (n = 39), shellfish tolerant (ST) when OFC was negative (n = 27), and house dust mite positive controls (HDM(+) ) who were ST (n = 38). Oral symptoms (87.1%) were the predominant clinical manifestation. Positive challenge doses ranged from 2 to 80 g of cooked shrimp, with 25/52 patients reacting to either one or both shrimps challenged. The presence of specific IgE to shrimp either by SPT and/or ImmunoCAP(®) assay provided diagnostic test sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 22.2%. The inclusion of specific IgE to shrimp tropomyosin and IgE immunoblots with shrimp extracts did not improve the diagnostic proficiency substantially. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study highlights the predominance of oral symptoms in shrimp allergy in tropical Asia and that a high provocation dose may be necessary to reveal shrimp allergy. Furthermore, specific IgE diagnostic tests and immunoblots were of limited use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thalayasingam
- Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore
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Lim JF, Sim AGH, Ng LCM, Tang CY, Tan PY, Chang WT. O-42 Effectiveness of an advance care planning advocates’ training programme in improving healthcare professionals’ perceptions towards advance care planning. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-000978.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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26
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Cho CY, Cheng HP, Chang YC, Tang CY, Chen YF. An energy adjustable linearly polarized passively Q-switched bulk laser with a wedged diffusion-bonded Nd:YAG/Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal. Opt Express 2015; 23:8162-8169. [PMID: 25837153 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.008162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An energy adjustable passively Q-switched laser is demonstrated with a composite Nd:YAG/Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal by applying a wedged interface inside the crystal. The theoretical model of the monolithic laser resonator is explored to show the energy adjustable feature with different initial transmissions of the saturable absorber at the horizontal axis. By adjusting the pump beam location across the Nd:YAG crystal, the output pulse energy can be flexibly changed from 10.9 μJ to 17.6 μJ while maintaining the same output efficiency. The polarization state of the laser output is found to be along with the polarization of the C-mount pump diode. Finally, the behavior of the multi-transverse-mode oscillation is also discussed for eliminating the instability of the pulse train.
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Baloch SK, Ma L, Xu GH, Bai LF, Zhao H, Tang CY, Pang YJ, Yang RW, Wang XM, Lu GH, Yang YH. A potent anticancer agent of shikonin derivative targeting tubulin. Chirality 2015; 27:274-80. [PMID: 25663187 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a shikonin ester derivative, compound , was selected to evaluate its anticancer activities and we found that compound exhibited better antitubulin activities against the human HepG2 cell line with an IC50 value of 1.097 μM. Furthermore, the inhibition of tubulin polymerization results indicated that compound demonstrated the most potent antitubulin activity (IC50 = 13.88), which was compared with shikonin and colchicine as positive controls (IC50 = 25.28 μM and 22.56 μM), respectively. Compound was simulated to have good binding site with tubulin and arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase, which also induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells, in which P53 and members of Bcl-2 protein family were both involved in the progress of apoptosis revealed by western blot. Confocal microscopy observations revealed compound targeted tubulin and altered its polymerization by interfering with microtubule organization. Based on these results, compound functions as a potent anticancer agent targeting tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Karim Baloch
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China; Department of Biotechnology, FCPD, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
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Murrough JW, Collins KA, Fields J, DeWilde KE, Phillips ML, Mathew SJ, Wong E, Tang CY, Charney DS, Iosifescu DV. Regulation of neural responses to emotion perception by ketamine in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e509. [PMID: 25689570 PMCID: PMC4445748 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has demonstrated antidepressant effects in individuals with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) within 24 h of a single dose. The current study utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and two separate emotion perception tasks to examine the neural effects of ketamine in patients with TRD. One task used happy and neutral facial expressions; the other used sad and neutral facial expressions. Twenty patients with TRD free of concomitant antidepressant medication underwent fMRI at baseline and 24 h following administration of a single intravenous dose of ketamine (0.5 mg kg(-1)). Adequate data were available for 18 patients for each task. Twenty age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were scanned at one time point for baseline comparison. Whole-brain, voxel-wise analyses were conducted controlling for a family-wise error rate (FWE) of P<0.05. Compared with healthy volunteers, TRD patients showed reduced neural responses to positive faces within the right caudate. Following ketamine, neural responses to positive faces were selectively increased within a similar region of right caudate. Connectivity analyses showed that greater connectivity of the right caudate during positive emotion perception was associated with improvement in depression severity following ketamine. No main effect of group was observed for the sad faces task. Our results indicate that ketamine specifically enhances neural responses to positive emotion within the right caudate in depressed individuals in a pattern that appears to reverse baseline deficits and that connectivity of this region may be important for the antidepressant effects of ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Murrough
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, USA. E-mail:
| | - K A Collins
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Fields
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K E DeWilde
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S J Mathew
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Wong
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Y Tang
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - D S Charney
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - D V Iosifescu
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Tang CY, Yang MK, Wu FY, Zhao H, Pang YJ, Yang RW, Lu GH, Yang YH. Identification of miRNAs and their targets in transgenic Brassica napus and its acceptor (Westar) by high-throughput sequencing and degradome analysis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14672k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding small RNAs (sRNAs) that play many roles in plant growth, development, and the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Min-Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Feng-Yao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Yan-Jun Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
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Abstract
Needle mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) is an edible and medicinal mushroom with annual production yields for China exceeding 2 million metric tons. Hebei province is one of the biggest producers of needle mushrooms in China. From 2009 to 2010, red rust-colored sporulation (fungal mycelia and conidia) was found on the substrate surface of white needle mushroom bags in more than 10 mushroom cultivation operations in Hebei. The rust-colored sporulation covered the substrate surface, where the development of the fruiting bodies was inhibited; the stipes were sparse and became light brown when the substrate was slightly affected. The fruiting bodies on severely affected substrate were unable to complete development or shriveled and died off on the substrate. More than 30 to 40% substrate bags were contaminated with the red rust mold, with approximately a 40% yield reduction in each production house. Single conidia were isolated from the red rust mold and cultured on potato dextrose agar at 25°C in the dark. The colony was round, compact, reddish-brown, and slow-growing (2 to 3 mm/d). Main conidiophore axes were erect, often branched in five to seven layers, tapered from the base to the upper part, pale reddish brown at the base, and almost hyaline at the apex. Two to five phialides usually verticillated at each level along the main stipe and its branches. Phialides were narrowly flask-shaped and only very slightly swollen at the base. Conidia were oval, measured 3.5 to 5.4 (4.5) × 2.3 to 3.6 (3.0) μm, L/W = 1.2 to 2.0 (1.5), and formed pale reddish brown, slimy heads. The isolate was tentatively identified as Acrostalagmus luteo-albus based on its morphological characteristics (2). For molecular analysis, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA from the isolate were PCR-amplified using universal primers ITS1 and ITS4. The resulting sequence (Accession No. KC127681) submitted to GenBank had a 99% identity to that of A. luteo-albus (JN545827) isolated from vineyard soil and Accession No. JQ387575 isolated from twig of declining persimmon tree. To confirm the pathogenicity of the isolate to needle mushroom, five bags of needle mushroom with stipes of 1 to 2 cm long were inoculated with a conidia suspension (105 conidia/ml) of the isolate and incubated at 13 to 15°C in the dark, while five non-inoculated bags (sprayed with sterile water only) were used as a control. Five days after inoculation, the development of the fruiting body was obviously inhibited, and a few growing fruiting bodies became light brown, compared with the non-inoculated fruiting bodies, which were growing healthily and fast and were white with no symptoms. The pathogen was re-isolated from the inoculated fruiting bodies. A. luteo-albus is primarily saprophytic but is sometimes pathogenic. Indeed, it has been associated with post-harvest rot of ginger rhizomes in Brazil (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. luteo-albus causing damage to needle mushroom in China. References: (1) S. I. Moreira et al. Trop. Plant Pathol. 38:218, 2013. (2) R. Zare et al. Mycol. Res. 108:576, 2004.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Z Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - C Y Tang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Tang CY, Liao YH, Tan GS, Wang XM, Lu GH, Yang YH. Targeted photosensitizer nanoconjugates based on human serum albumin selectively kill tumor cells upon photo-irradiation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Small and non-toxic nanoconjugates RGD–HSA–Ce6 could provide targeted and effective photodynamic therapy of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Yong-hui Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Guo-Sheng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Xiao-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- NJU-NJFU Joint Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
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Tang CY, Tsui CP, Tang YM, Wei L, Wong CT, Lam KW, Ip WY, Lu WWJ, Pang MYC. Voxel-based approach to generate entire human metacarpal bone with microscopic architecture for finite element analysis. Biomed Mater Eng 2014; 24:1469-84. [PMID: 24642974 DOI: 10.3233/bme-130951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
With the development of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) technology, it is possible to construct three-dimensional (3D) models of human bone without destruction of samples and predict mechanical behavior of bone using finite element analysis (FEA). However, due to large number of elements required for constructing the FE models of entire bone, this demands a substantial computational effort and the analysis usually needs a high level of computer. In this article, a voxel-based approach for generation of FE models of entire bone with microscopic architecture from micro-CT image data is proposed. To enable the FE analyses of entire bone to be run even on a general personal computer, grayscale intensity thresholds were adopted to reduce the amount of elements. Human metacarpal bone (MCP) bone was used as an example for demonstrating the applicability of the proposed method. The micro-CT images of the MCP bone were combined and converted into 3D array of pixels. Dual grayscale intensity threshold parameters were used to distinguish the pixels of bone tissues from those of surrounding soft tissues and improve predictive accuracy for the FE analyses with different sizes of elements. The method of selecting an appropriate value of the second grayscale intensity threshold was also suggested to minimize the area error for the reconstructed cross-sections of a FE structure. Experimental results showed that the entire FE MCP bone with microscopic architecture could be modeled and analyzed on a personal computer with reasonable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - C P Tsui
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y M Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - L Wei
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - C T Wong
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - K W Lam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W Y Ip
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W W J Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - M Y C Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Huang YJ, Tzeng YS, Tang CY, Chiang SY, Liang HC, Chen YF. Efficient high-power terahertz beating in a dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked laser with dual gain media. Opt Lett 2014; 39:1477-1480. [PMID: 24690817 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.001477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We originally present a novel tactic to accomplish a compact efficient dual-wavelength synchronously mode-locked laser by physically combining the Nd:YVO4 crystal to the Nd:GdVO4 crystal as a composite gain medium. With the developed method, the total output power at 1.06 μm could be effectually produced to reach 1.3 W under the optimally balanced two-color intensities. The corresponding mode-locked pulse width and repetition rate are measured to be 47 ps and 2.86 GHz, respectively. Through the optical beating between two carrier frequencies of dual-color synchronous pulses, a train of 0.32 THz ultrashort pulses is further generated with the effective duration of down to 1.6 ps.
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Tzeng YS, Huang YJ, Tang CY, Su KW, Chen WD, Zhang G, Chen YF. High-power tunable single- and multi-wavelength diode-pumped Nd:YAP laser in the (4)F3/2 → (4)I11/2 transition. Opt Express 2013; 21:26261-26268. [PMID: 24216850 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.026261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally explore the fluorescent spectrum of the Nd:YAP crystal to manifest the feasibility of tunable single- and multi-wavelength operations in the (4)F3/2 → (4)I11/2 transition. An intracavity etalon is subsequently exploited to effectively select spectral lines at 1073, 1080, and 1084 nm with the tunabilities of 0.56, 1.13, and 0.1 nm, respectively. We also experimentally obtain multi-wavelength oscillations among various intermanifold lines in the Nd:YAP crystal with the output powers on the order of several watts for each group. Employing the Cr(4+):YAG crystal to realize the passively Q-switched operation, the maximum average output powers as high as 2.3 and 3.5 W for 1073 and 1080 nm are obtained. The corresponding pulse energies at 1073 and 1080 nm are up to 177 and 159 μJ, respectively.
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Huang YJ, Tang CY, Tzeng YS, Su KW, Chen YF. Efficient high-energy passively Q-switched Nd:YLF/Cr4+:YAG UV laser at 351 nm with pulsed pumping in a nearly hemispherical cavity. Opt Lett 2013; 38:519-521. [PMID: 23455122 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We originally utilize a nearly hemispherical cavity to accomplish the energy scale-up for a high-repetition-rate nanosecond pulsed pumped Nd:YLF laser passively Q-switched by the Cr(4+):YAG saturable absorber. This compact laser is able to efficiently generate pulse energy as large as 1.38 mJ and pulse width as short as 5 ns under a pulse repetition rate of 100 Hz. Further employing the developed Nd:YLF laser to perform extracavity harmonic generations, the maximum pulse energies of 490 μJ at 527 nm and 360 μJ at 351 nm are achieved with the shortest pulse duration of 4 ns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Huang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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Huang YJ, Tzeng YS, Tang CY, Huang YP, Chen YF. Tunable GHz pulse repetition rate operation in high-power TEM(00)-mode Nd:YLF lasers at 1047 nm and 1053 nm with self mode locking. Opt Express 2012; 20:18230-18237. [PMID: 23038372 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.018230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on a high-power diode-pumped self-mode-locked Nd:YLF laser with the pulse repetition rate up to several GHz. A novel tactic is developed to efficiently select the output polarization state for achieving the stable TEM(00)-mode self-mode-locked operations at 1053 nm and 1047 nm, respectively. At an incident pump power of 6.93 W and a pulse repetition rate of 2.717 GHz, output powers as high as 2.15 W and 1.35 W are generated for the σ- and π-polarization, respectively. We experimentally find that decreasing the separation between the gain medium and the input mirror not only brings in the pulse shortening thanks to the enhanced effect of the spatial hole burning, but also effectively introduces the effect of the spectral filtering to lead the Nd:YLF laser to be in a second harmonic mode-locked status. Consequently, pulse durations as short as 8 ps and 8.5 ps are obtained at 1053 nm and 1047 nm with a pulse repetition rate of 5.434 GHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Huang
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Tang CY, Ng GYF, Wang ZW, Tsui CP, Zhang G. Parameter optimization for the visco-hyperelastic constitutive model of tendon using FEM. Biomed Mater Eng 2011; 21:9-24. [PMID: 21537060 DOI: 10.3233/bme-2011-0653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous constitutive models describing the mechanical properties of tendons have been proposed during the past few decades. However, few were widely used owing to the lack of implementation in the general finite element (FE) software, and very few systematic studies have been done on selecting the most appropriate parameters for these constitutive laws. In this work, the visco-hyperelastic constitutive model of the tendon implemented through the use of three-parameter Mooney-Rivlin form and sixty-four-parameter Prony series were firstly analyzed using ANSYS FE software. Afterwards, an integrated optimization scheme was developed by coupling two optimization toolboxes (OPTs) of ANSYS and MATLAB for estimating these unknown constitutive parameters of the tendon. Finally, a group of Sprague-Dawley rat tendons was used to execute experimental and numerical simulation investigation. The simulated results showed good agreement with the experimental data. An important finding revealed that too many Maxwell elements was not necessary for assuring accuracy of the model, which is often neglected in most open literatures. Thus, all these proved that the constitutive parameter optimization scheme was reliable and highly efficient. Furthermore, the approach can be extended to study other tendons or ligaments, as well as any visco-hyperelastic solid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P R China
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Shamy JL, Carpenter DM, Fong SG, Murray EA, Tang CY, Hof PR, Rapp PR. Alterations of white matter tracts following neurotoxic hippocampal lesions in macaque monkeys: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Hippocampus 2010; 20:906-10. [PMID: 20095006 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a valuable tool for assessing presumptive white matter alterations in human disease and animal models. The current study used DTI to examine the effects of selective neurotoxic lesions of the hippocampus on major white matter tracts and anatomically related brain regions in macaque monkeys. Two years postlesion, structural MRI, and DTI sequences were acquired for each subject. Volumetric assessment revealed a substantial reduction in the size of the hippocampus in experimental subjects, averaging 72% relative to controls, without apparent damage to adjacent regions. DTI images were processed to yield measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), parallel diffusivity (lADC), and perpendicular diffusivity (tADC), as well as directional color maps. To evaluate potential changes in major projection systems, a region of interest (ROI) analysis was conducted including the corpus callosum, fornix, temporal stem, cingulum bundle, ventromedial prefrontal white matter, and optic radiations. Lesion-related abnormalities in the integrity of the fiber tracts examined were limited to known hippocampal circuitry, including the fornix and ventromedial prefrontal white matter. These findings are consistent with the notion that hippocampal damage results in altered interactions with multiple memory-related brain regions, including portions of the prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Shamy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Waysek EH, Schierle J, Duesterloh A, Deshpande J, Austad J, Austad J, Blatt Y, Chan YF, Deshpande J, Duesterloh A, Kumar TKS, LaLuzerne P, Nemzer B, Ortiz JFL, Peadon P, Reif K, Schierle J, Stanley S, Tang CY. Determination of Lycopene in Dietary Supplements and Raw Materials by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/93.2.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to evaluate the interlaboratory performance of an LC method for lycopene in dietary supplements and the raw materials commonly used in their manufacture. Twelve laboratories from six countries agreed to participate in the study. Results from 10 laboratories were received and are reported. Five dietary supplements, including both tablets and a softgel capsule with a lycopene content ranging from 25 g to 25 mg per unit, and three raw materials, including gelatin-based beadlets, vegetarian beadlets, and a suspension in oil ranging from 5 to 20 lycopene, were analyzed as blind duplicates. In addition to the commercial products, two positive controls and a negative control were included in the study. For the raw materials studied, the repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) ranged from 1.49 to 5.13 for total lycopene, and the reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSDR) ranged from 3.84 to 9.21 with HorRat values from 1.23 to 3.24. For finished products, the RSDr ranged from 1.31 to 4.62, RSDR from 4.28 to 10.5, and HorRat values from 0.79 to 2.07. Corresponding values for all-trans-lycopene were significantly higher. It is recommended that the method be considered for Official First Action for all-trans- and total lycopene in finished products and raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Schierle
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, CH-4308, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | | | - Jayant Deshpande
- OmniActive Health Technologies, A-131, Wagle Industrial Estate, Thane, India 400604
| | - John Austad
- Covance Laboratories, 3301 Kinsman Blvd, Madison, WI 53704
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Wang ZW, Tang CY. Comments on "Viscoelastic studies of human subscapularis tendon: relaxation test and a Wiechert model" by C. Machiraju, A.V. Phan, A.W. Pearsall, S. Madanagopal, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (2006). Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2009; 96:234-235. [PMID: 19615781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Referring to the approach for determining the material parameters for a Wiechert model of the human subscapularis tendon proposed by Machiraju et al. [C. Machiraju, A.V. Phan, A.W. Pearsall, S. Madanagopal, Viscoelastic studies of a human subscapularis tendon: relaxation test and a Wiechert model, Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (2006), doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2006.05.004], some comments are made on the basis of the result of an alternative method that is capable of giving more reasonable values for the Wiechart model with the fitting discrepancies minimized by a multi-variable optimization strategy.
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Tang CY, Tzeng CH, Chen CS, Chiu TS. Microsatellite DNA markers for population-genetic studies of blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) and cross-specific amplification in S. japonicus. Mol Ecol Resour 2009; 9:824-7. [PMID: 21564757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) is targeted by large-scale purse-seiners in the western North Pacific, and its stock structure is still contentious. Herein, we described 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci for blue mackerel. The number of alleles among 32 individuals surveyed ranged from five to 27 (average of 16.2 alleles per locus). Departures from Hardy-Weinberg expectation were observed at two loci. Cross-specific amplification in the congener, S. japonicus, was successful, except for one locus, revealed to be diagnostic for these congeners. These microsatellite loci will be useful tools to address queries in population genetic structure, fishery management unit and taxonomic species status in the genus Scomber.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Research Centre for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan Institute of Zoology, Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan Institute of Marine Affairs and Resource Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
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Thong BYH, Cheng YK, Leong KP, Tang CY, Chng HH. Immediate food hypersensitivity among adults attending a clinical immunology/allergy centre in Singapore. Singapore Med J 2007; 48:236-40. [PMID: 17342294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The patient characteristics, clinical features and causative foods in 74 consecutive adult patients with immediate food hypersensitivity were studied. METHODS A retrospective review of 74 consecutive adults who presented during the study period from July 1, 1994 to April 30, 2002 was performed. RESULTS There were 35 male and 39 female patients, with a mean age of 36.3 +/- 10.9 (range, 19-66) years. The most common causative foods were seafood crustaceans, molluscs and bird's nest. Prawn and crab were the most commonly implicated crustacean, and limpet the commonest culprit mollusc. The main symptoms were periorbital angioedema (64.9 percent), dyspnoea/wheezing (44.6 percent) and urticaria (44.6 percent). 66 percent of the patients developed anaphylaxis. 34 (45.9 percent) had concomitant allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, eczema or combinations of these atopic diseases. Only six (8.1 percent) patients had a family history of food allergy. Skin prick tests (SPT) to commercially-prepared food allergens were positive in 22 of 36 patients (61.1 percent) tested. SPT to the fresh, cooked or canned food products were positive in 11 of 20 (55 percent) cases where the food allergen was not commercially available. Open food challenges were required for diagnosis in two patients who had negative SPT. CONCLUSION The most common food allergens in our patients were seafood crustaceans, molluscs and bird's nest. More than half of the patients had concomitant allergic rhinitis, asthma and/or eczema. The pattern of food allergy in Singapore differs from Caucasian populations, likely to be because of different regional dietary patterns and methods of food preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Y H Thong
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433.
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Tang CY, Chen JH, Zandbergen HW, Li FH. Image deconvolution in spherical aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Ultramicroscopy 2006; 106:539-46. [PMID: 16545524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2005] [Revised: 01/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The method of image deconvolution developed previously for FEG high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) without a spherical aberration (C(s)) corrector was for the first time applied to FEG HRTEM with a C(s)-corrector. The principle and the procedure of image deconvolution are briefly described. Four qualified [1 1 0] images of Si were selected from a through-focus series to perform image deconvolution. The projected potential is successfully derived from all the images, and the obtained "dumbbell" structure maps of Si [1 1 0] are in good agreement with the calculated potential map. The criterion of selecting qualified images for performing image deconvolution is indicated. The possibility of applying image deconvolution to defect study and to ab initio crystal structure determination is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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Thong BYH, Cheng YK, Leong KP, Tang CY, Chng HH. Anaphylaxis in adults referred to a clinical immunology/allergy centre in Singapore. Singapore Med J 2005; 46:529-34. [PMID: 16172772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To study the clinical features and causes of anaphylaxis in consecutive adult patients referred to a clinical immunology/allergy centre in Singapore. METHODS A retrospective review of 67 consecutive adults with anaphylaxis who presented from July 1, 1998 to February 28, 2002 was performed. Anaphylaxis was defined as a severe life-threatening systemic IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced idiosyncratic reactions and other non-IgE mediated reactions were excluded. Hypotension and bronchospasm were not required to make a diagnosis. The aetiology was determined from clinical history followed by measurement of allergen-specific IgE levels, skin prick test with commercially-available allergen extracts or prick-prick test with the fresh/cooked/canned food products. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 32.9 +/- 10.9 (range 19-57) years. There were 44 (65.7 percent) males and 23 (34.3 percent) females. The main causes were food (44.8 percent), insect stings (32.8 percent) and idiopathic (22.4 percent). There were no cases due to drugs or natural rubber latex. Seafood (crustaceans and molluscs) comprised 66.7 percent of food-induced anaphylaxis. Honeybee and wasp stings together comprised 45 percent of insect venom anaphylaxis. The most common manifestations were dyspnoea (59.7 percent), urticaria (58.2 percent), angioedema (44.8 percent), and syncope (43.3 percent). Hypotension was documented in only 28.4 percent of cases. CONCLUSION Food (crustaceans and molluscs) was the most common cause followed by insect stings or bites. The inability to identify the causative insect in 50 percent of cases with insect venom anaphylaxis limited the role of specific immunotherapy. Compared to other reported series, there were no cases of drug or latex anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Y H Thong
- Department of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433.
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Leong KP, Yeak SCL, Saurajen ASM, Mok PKH, Earnest A, Siow JK, Chee NWC, Yeo SB, Khoo ML, Lee JCY, Seshadri R, Chan SP, Tang CY, Chng HH. Why generic and disease-specific quality-of-life instruments should be used together for the evaluation of patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2005; 35:288-98. [PMID: 15784105 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of assessing health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) has been well established, but the specific roles of rhinitis-specific or general health instruments have not been delineated. OBJECTIVE We analysed the psychometric properties of a disease-specific instrument, the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and the general health instrument, the Medical Outcome Short-Form 36 (SF-36) as they are employed in combination in patients with persistent AR in clinical practice. METHOD We analysed the data collected from a prospective study of 43 newly diagnosed patients with persistent AR and 44 controls. We interviewed the patients four times, at baseline, weeks 4, 8 and 10. RESULTS The RQLQ and SF-36 have good discriminative property, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The RQLQ is superior to the SF-36 as an evaluative instrument because more of its domains respond to change, the magnitude of change was greater, and the response was faster. The SF-36 is more susceptible to floor and ceiling effects. Both instruments are unsuitable for mildly symptomatic patients based on Rasch model analysis. Each questionnaire assesses a distinct and significant portion of the total HRQL of persistent AR. CONCLUSION The SF-36 and RQLQ are good for discriminating rhinitis patients from controls, but the former is poor for detecting changes in QOL. Both are inappropriate for mildly symptomatic patients. Each instrument measures non-overlapping halves of the measurable HRQL. For an assessment of the HRQL in persistent AR that is complete and responsive both instruments should be employed together.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Leong
- Department of Rheumatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433.
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Tang CY, Stojanovic B, Tsui CP, Kojic M. Modeling of muscle fatigue using Hill's model. Biomed Mater Eng 2005; 15:341-8. [PMID: 16179754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A new model incorporating muscle fatigue has been developed to predict the effect of muscle fatigue on the force-time relationship of skeletal muscle by using the PAK-program. Differential equations in the incremental form have been implemented into Hill's muscle model. In order to describe the effect of muscle fatigue and recovery on skeletal muscle behaviors, a set of equations in terms of three phenomenological parameters which are a fatigue curve under sustained maximal activation, a recovery curve and an endurance function were developed. With reference to existing models and experimental results, the input parameters for fatigue curve under sustained maximal activation and endurance function were determined. The model has been investigated under an isometric condition. The effects of different shapes of the recovery curves have also been considered in this model. Validation of the model has been performed by comparing the predicted results with the experimental data from an existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, China
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Fan JP, Tsui CP, Tang CY, Chow CL. Influence of interphase layer on the overall elasto-plastic behaviors of HA/PEEK biocomposite. Biomaterials 2004; 25:5363-73. [PMID: 15130721 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2003] [Accepted: 12/19/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional finite element unit cell model has been designed and constructed for studying mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) biocomposite. The model consists of an elastic-brittle HA spherical particle, an elasto-plastic matrix and an interphase layer between the particle and the matrix. The interphase layers with four different kinds of material behaviors have been taken into consideration to examine their effects on the overall properties of the composite. The damage evolution in the matrix and the interphase layer, and the interface failure, were also taken into account. Some other factors, such as mesh sensitivity, loading velocity and mass scale scheme, were also discussed in this investigation. A general-purpose finite element software package, ABAQUS, incorporated with a user-defined material subroutine, was used to perform the analysis. The predicted results were compared with the experimental data obtained from existing literatures. The results predicted by using the cell model with consideration of the matrix degradation and the effects of the damage and failure on the interphase layer are in good agreement with the experimental ones. Hence, the suitability of our proposed cell model incorporated with an appropriate type of the interphase layer for modeling the mechanical properties of the particulate biocomposite could be verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Fan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Room DE404, ISE Research Office, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Tsui CP, Tang CY, Leung CP, Cheng KW, Ng YF, Chow DHK, Li CK. Active finite element analysis of skeletal muscle-tendon complex during isometric, shortening and lengthening contraction. Biomed Mater Eng 2004; 14:271-9. [PMID: 15299239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
An active finite element model was developed to predict the mechanical behaviors of skeletal muscle-tendon complex during isometric, shortening and lengthening contraction. The active finite element was created through incorporation of a user-defined material property into ABAQUS finite element code. The active finite element is controlled by a motor element that is activated by a mathematical function. The nonlinear passive behavior of the muscle was defined by the viscoelastic elements and can be easily altered to other properties by using other elements in the material library without the need of re-defining the constitutive relation of the muscle. The isometric force-length relationship, force-strain relations of the muscle-tendon complex during both shortening and lengthening contraction and muscle relaxation response were predicted using the proposed finite element model. The predicted results were found to be in good agreement with available experimental data. In addition, the stress distribution in the muscle-tendon complex during isometric, shortening and lengthening contractions was simulated. The location of the maximum stress may provide useful information for studying muscle damage and fatigue in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Tsui
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Stell BM, Brickley SG, Tang CY, Farrant M, Mody I. Neuroactive steroids reduce neuronal excitability by selectively enhancing tonic inhibition mediated by delta subunit-containing GABAA receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:14439-44. [PMID: 14623958 PMCID: PMC283610 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2435457100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 603] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroactive steroids are potent modulators of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs), and their behavioral effects are generally viewed in terms of altered inhibitory synaptic transmission. Here we report that, at concentrations known to occur in vivo, neuroactive steroids specifically enhance a tonic inhibitory conductance in central neurons that is mediated by extrasynaptic delta subunit-containing GABAARs. The neurosteroid-induced augmentation of this tonic conductance decreases neuronal excitability. Fluctuations in the circulating concentrations of endogenous neuroactive steroids have been implicated in the genesis of premenstrual syndrome, postpartum depression, and other anxiety disorders. Recognition that delta subunit-containing GABAARs responsible for a tonic conductance are a preferential target for neuroactive steroids may lead to novel pharmacological approaches for the treatment of these common conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Stell
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Abstract
Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/quartz composites were compression molded in the presence of organosiloxane, and then hydrolyzed. The used organosiloxane is vinyl tri-ethyloxyl silane. The gelation, the melting behavior, the crystallinity, the mechanical properties and the wear resistance of UHMWPE/quartz composites were investigated. The results showed that organosiloxane can act as a cross-linking agent for UHMWPE matrix and serve as a coupling agent for improving the bonding between the quartz particles and the UHMWPE matrix. The correlation between the various properties and the morphology of the composites has been discussed. At about 0.5phr organsiloxane while the degree of crystallinity of the composite is at the peak value of 57%, the mechanical properties and the wear resistance of UHMWPE/quartz composites reaches their maximum.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Xie
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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