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Sun CN, Chen HS, Chen CS. [Analysis on early predictors of respiratory depression in patients with glufosinate poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2024; 42:21-25. [PMID: 38311945 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20221008-00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the early predictors of respiratory depression in patients with glufosinate poisoning, and provide reference for clinicians to make decisions. Methods: In March 2022, the clinical data of patients with glufosinate poisoning admitted to the intensive care unit of the Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from March 2018 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into respiratory depression group and non-respiratory depression group according to the occurrence of respiratory depression during hospitalization. The clinical data such as age, gender, past history, intake, initial treatment and laboratory examination were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the predictors of respiratory depression in patients with glufosinate poisoning, and its predictive value was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 34 patients with glufosinate poisoning were enrolled, including 13 patients in non-respiratory depression group and 21 patients in respiratory depression group. There were significant differences in intake, blood amylase and bicarbonate radical in arterial blood gas between the two groups (P<0.05). Respiratory depression occurred at 6.5-48.0 h after ingestion, with a median of 15.0 (9.5, 24.0) h. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the intake of glufosinate (OR=1.440, 95%CI: 1.033-2.009, P=0.032) and bicarbonate radical in arterial blood gas (OR=0.199, 95%CI: 0.040-0.994, P=0.049) were predictors of respiratory depression in patients with glufosinate poisoning, and the area under the curve (AUC) of ROC curves were 0.936 and 0.842. The optimal cut-off values were 15.0 g (sensitivity=95.2%, specificity=76.9%) and 17.6 mmol/L (sensitivity=71.4%, specificity=84.6%), respectively. Conclusion: The intake of glufosinate and bicarbonate radical in arterial blood gas have good prediction effects on the occurrence of respiratory depression in patients with glufosinate poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Sun
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Xiangshan 315700, China
| | - H S Chen
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Xiangshan 315700, China
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Xiangshan 315700, China
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2
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Huang ZY, Chen CS. [Progress in IgA-dominant infection-related glomerulonephritis]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:1507-1510. [PMID: 38044082 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20221217-00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Huang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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3
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Cong JC, Zhang H, Chen CS. [Clinical significance of intersphincteric resection related anatomy effect on surgical safety]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:562-566. [PMID: 37583010 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20230308-00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The anatomical studies of intersphincteric resection (ISR) have made remarkable progress in recent years. The anatomy of internal, external sphincter and hiatal ligament has been further understood. In this paper, the generation and functional mechanism of ISR related anatomy are described from the embryonic development process, and then the influence of hiatal ligament and internal sphincter on ISR surgery is analyzed respectively according to the anatomical characteristics. Finally, the correlation analysis of anatomical factors on the common problems of mucosal bleeding and instrument anastomosis in ISR is carried out. The objective of this paper is to improve the safety of ISR surgery by providing detailed anatomical explanations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Cong
- Ward of Colorectal Tumor, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - H Zhang
- Ward of Colorectal Tumor, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - C S Chen
- Ward of Colorectal Tumor, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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4
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Ince LM, Barnoud C, Lutes LK, Pick R, Wang C, Sinturel F, Chen CS, de Juan A, Weber J, Holtkamp SJ, Hergenhan SM, Geddes-McAlister J, Ebner S, Fontannaz P, Meyer B, Vono M, Jemelin S, Dibner C, Siegrist CA, Meissner F, Graw F, Scheiermann C. Influence of circadian clocks on adaptive immunity and vaccination responses. Nat Commun 2023; 14:476. [PMID: 36717561 PMCID: PMC9885059 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune response is under circadian control, yet, why adaptive immune reactions continue to exhibit circadian changes over long periods of time is unknown. Using a combination of experimental and mathematical modeling approaches, we show here that dendritic cells migrate from the skin to the draining lymph node in a time-of-day-dependent manner, which provides an enhanced likelihood for functional interactions with T cells. Rhythmic expression of TNF in the draining lymph node enhances BMAL1-controlled ICAM-1 expression in high endothelial venules, resulting in lymphocyte infiltration and lymph node expansion. Lymph node cellularity continues to be different for weeks after the initial time-of-day-dependent challenge, which governs the immune response to vaccinations directed against Hepatitis A virus as well as SARS-CoV-2. In this work, we present a mechanistic understanding of the time-of-day dependent development and maintenance of an adaptive immune response, providing a strategy for using time-of-day to optimize vaccination regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Madeleine Ince
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Coline Barnoud
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lydia Kay Lutes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Robert Pick
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flore Sinturel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alba de Juan
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jasmin Weber
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stephan J Holtkamp
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sophia Martina Hergenhan
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jennifer Geddes-McAlister
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefan Ebner
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paola Fontannaz
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Meyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Vono
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Jemelin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Charna Dibner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claire-Anne Siegrist
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Vaccine Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Felix Meissner
- Experimental Systems Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Systems Immunology and Proteomics, Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederik Graw
- BioQuant - Center for Quantitative Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany. .,Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Cong JC, Cui MM, Liu DS, Zhang H, Chen CS. [Evaluation of anorectal function after transanal total mesorectal excision and discussion of related problems]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 24:1024-1027. [PMID: 34823304 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20200824-00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Holtkamp SJ, Ince LM, Barnoud C, Schmitt MT, Sinturel F, Pilorz V, Pick R, Jemelin S, Mühlstädt M, Boehncke WH, Weber J, Laubender D, Philippou-Massier J, Chen CS, Holtermann L, Vestweber D, Sperandio M, Schraml BU, Halin C, Dibner C, Oster H, Renkawitz J, Scheiermann C. Circadian clocks guide dendritic cells into skin lymphatics. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1375-1381. [PMID: 34663979 PMCID: PMC8553624 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Migration of leukocytes from the skin to lymph nodes (LNs) via afferent lymphatic vessels (LVs) is pivotal for adaptive immune responses1,2. Circadian rhythms have emerged as important regulators of leukocyte trafficking to LNs via the blood3,4. Here, we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) have a circadian migration pattern into LVs, which peaks during the rest phase in mice. This migration pattern is determined by rhythmic gradients in the expression of the chemokine CCL21 and of adhesion molecules in both mice and humans. Chronopharmacological targeting of the involved factors abrogates circadian migration of DCs. We identify cell-intrinsic circadian oscillations in skin lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and DCs that cogovern these rhythms, as their genetic disruption in either cell type ablates circadian trafficking. These observations indicate that circadian clocks control the infiltration of DCs into skin lymphatics, a process that is essential for many adaptive immune responses and relevant for vaccination and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan J Holtkamp
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Louise M Ince
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Coline Barnoud
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Madeleine T Schmitt
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Laboratory 'Cell Biology of the Immune System', Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Flore Sinturel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Education, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Violetta Pilorz
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Robert Pick
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Jemelin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mühlstädt
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wolf-Henning Boehncke
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Weber
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Julia Philippou-Massier
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Leonie Holtermann
- Department of Vascular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Dietmar Vestweber
- Department of Vascular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Barbara U Schraml
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charna Dibner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Patient Education, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jörg Renkawitz
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Laboratory 'Cell Biology of the Immune System', Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine (WBex), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Hinterdobler J, Schott ,S, Jin H, Meesmann A, Steinsiek AL, Zimmermann AS, Wobst J, Müller P, Mauersberger C, Vilne B, Baecklund A, Chen CS, Moggio A, Braster Q, Molitor M, Krane M, Kempf WE, Ladwig KH, Hristov M, Hulsmans M, Hilgendorf I, Weber C, Wenzel P, Scheiermann C, Maegdefessel L, Soehnlein O, Libby P, Nahrendorf M, Schunkert H, Kessler T, Sager HB. Acute mental stress drives vascular inflammation and promotes plaque destabilization in mouse atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:4077-4088. [PMID: 34279021 PMCID: PMC8516477 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mental stress substantially contributes to the initiation and progression of human disease, including cardiovascular conditions. We aim to investigate the underlying mechanisms of these contributions since they remain largely unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show in humans and mice that leucocytes deplete rapidly from the blood after a single episode of acute mental stress. Using cell-tracking experiments in animal models of acute mental stress, we found that stress exposure leads to prompt uptake of inflammatory leucocytes from the blood to distinct tissues including heart, lung, skin, and, if present, atherosclerotic plaques. Mechanistically, we found that acute stress enhances leucocyte influx into mouse atherosclerotic plaques by modulating endothelial cells. Specifically, acute stress increases adhesion molecule expression and chemokine release through locally derived norepinephrine. Either chemical or surgical disruption of norepinephrine signalling diminished stress-induced leucocyte migration into mouse atherosclerotic plaques. CONCLUSION Our data show that acute mental stress rapidly amplifies inflammatory leucocyte expansion inside mouse atherosclerotic lesions and promotes plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hinterdobler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - , Simin Schott
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Almut Meesmann
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Steinsiek
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophia Zimmermann
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Wobst
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Müller
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Carina Mauersberger
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Baiba Vilne
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bioinformatics Unit, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
- SIA net-OMICS, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Aldo Moggio
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Quinte Braster
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Molitor
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Kempf
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Ladwig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology Mental Health Research Unit, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hristov
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maarten Hulsmans
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Wenzel
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik B Sager
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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8
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Chen CS, Weber J, Holtkamp SJ, Ince LM, de Juan A, Wang C, Lutes L, Barnoud C, Kizil B, Hergenhan SM, Salvermoser J, Lasch M, Deindl E, Schraml B, Baumjohann D, Scheiermann C. Loss of direct adrenergic innervation after peripheral nerve injury causes lymph node expansion through IFN-γ. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20202377. [PMID: 34086056 PMCID: PMC8185988 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury can cause debilitating disease and immune cell-mediated destruction of the affected nerve. While the focus has been on the nerve-regenerative response, the effect of loss of innervation on lymph node function is unclear. Here, we show that the popliteal lymph node (popLN) receives direct neural input from the sciatic nerve and that sciatic denervation causes lymph node expansion. Loss of sympathetic, adrenergic tone induces the expression of IFN-γ in LN CD8 T cells, which is responsible for LN expansion. Surgery-induced IFN-γ expression and expansion can be rescued by β2 adrenergic receptor agonists but not sensory nerve agonists. These data demonstrate the mechanisms governing the pro-inflammatory effect of loss of direct adrenergic input on lymph node function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Sin Chen
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jasmin Weber
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stephan Jonas Holtkamp
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Louise Madeleine Ince
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alba de Juan
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lydia Lutes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Coline Barnoud
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Burak Kizil
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Martina Hergenhan
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Johanna Salvermoser
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Manuel Lasch
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Deindl
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Schraml
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dirk Baumjohann
- Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immuno-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Cong JC, Chen CS, Zhang H. [Recognition of surgical anatomy for intersphincteric resection]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 24:598-603. [PMID: 34289544 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20201102-00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Intersphincteric resection (ISR) involves the anatomy of hiatal ligament, internal and external sphincter and conjoined longitudinal muscle. The hiatal ligament is actually a branch of the longitudinal muscle of rectum, shown as an uneven ring attached to the levator ani muscle. The internal sphincter is the end of the circular muscle of rectum which begins at the level of hiatal ligament formation. The distance from the upper boundary of internal sphincter to dentate line is significantly different among individuals. Although there is adipose tissue in the space between the internal and external sphincters, no evidence of mesentery structure in the anal canal is found as in the rectum. The conjoined longitudinal muscle is the remaining branch of the longitudinal muscle, whose return passes through the external sphincter and ends at the anococcygeal ligament/coccyx after reaching the anal margin. The synergistic action of conjoined longitudinal muscle and the hiatal ligament participates in the defecation process. The individualized difference of ISR-related anatomy affects the operation, especially the anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Cong
- Colorectal Tumor Surgical Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - C S Chen
- Colorectal Tumor Surgical Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - H Zhang
- Colorectal Tumor Surgical Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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10
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Lin PC, Zeng JH, Su SS, Zhou Y, Chen JJ, Chen CS, Li YP. [The diagnostic performance of galactomannan detection in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with severe and critically ill influenza]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:1050-1056. [PMID: 33878831 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200811-02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the diagnostic performance of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) galactomannan (GM) test in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis(IPA) with severe and critically ill influenza. Methods: A retrospective study was performed for 157 patients with severe and critically ill influenza admitted to the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from December 2017 to April 2019.Clinical characteristics and serum and BALF GM values were collected. The patients were divided into an IPA group (n=18) and a non-IPA group (n=139). The definition of IPA modified from AspICU algorithm taken as the gold standard (The corresponding clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations and microbiological diagnostic criteria should be met simultaneously), the performance of serum and BALF GM test and their combination to IPA with influenza were analyzed respectively and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn. Results: A total of 157 cases were enrolled, 95 were critically ill, and the mortality of IPA with influenza was 55.6%(10/18). The APACHE Ⅱ score, PSI score, urea nitrogen, influenza severity (Percentage of critically ill influenza) and invasive ventilator in IPA group were (16±6), (110±31), 10.7 (8.4, 17.8) mmol/L, 88.9% and 66.7%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in non-IPA group [(10±5), (83±30), 5.2 (3.6, 7.6) mmol/L, 56.8% and 24.5%, P<0.05]. All patients received serum GM test and 32 patients performed BALF GM test at the same time. When the cut-off valve of serum GM test was 0.5 μg/L, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 66.7% (12/18), 95.0% (132/139), 63.2% (12/19) and 95.7% (132/138) respectively. When the cut-off value of BALF GM test was 1.0 μg/L, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 80%(8/10),86.4%(19/22),72.7%(8/11)and 90.5%(19/21)respectively. The BALF GM cut-off value of 0.88 μg/L showed the highest diagnostic efficacy for IPA, for which the sensitivity and specificity were 90%(9/10) and 86.4%(19/22). The areas under the ROC curve of serum GM, BALF GM, and the combination of them were 0.81, 0.85, and 0.94 respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) and the combined diagnosis efficiency was higher. Conclusions: Critically ill influenza patients should be alert for IPA. The sensitivity of serum GM test in the diagnosis of IPA with influenza was low, while the NPV was high. The optimum BALF GM cut-off value was 0.88 μg/L. The combination with BALF and serum GM test can improve the diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - J H Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - S S Su
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - J J Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Y P Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
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Lian J, Chen CS, Fang JJ, Chen LW, Cai WC, Zhao GJ, Hong GL, Lu ZQ. [Role of Orai 1-mediated store-operated calcium entry in the immune function of CD4 + T cells in septic mice]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:504-510. [PMID: 33631896 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200616-01863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of Orai1-mediated store-operated calcium entry in the immune damage of CD4+ T cells in septic mice. Methods: Sepsis mouse model was established by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP). Balb/c mice of clean grade were sacrificed 1, 3, and 5 days after operation. Spleen samples were harvested at given intervals. Splenic CD4+ T cells were selected by immunomagnetic beads and the expression of Orai1 protein was detected by western blotting, the storage operated calcium entry (SOCE) was detected by flow cytometry, the apoptosis of CD4+ T cells was detected by flow cytometry, the proliferation of CD4+ T cells was detected by CCK-8, and the IFN-γ and IL-4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then the expression of Orai1 protein was regulated to further detect the SOCE and immune function of splenic CD4+ T cells in mice. The experiment was divided into 4 groups, sham group, CLP3 group, Orai1 down group (Orai1-down group) and Orai1 up regulation group (Orai1-up group). Results: The relative expression of Orai1 protein in splenic CD4+ T cells in sham group was 1.03±0.16. Compared with sham group, Orai1 protein levels in CLP Group were all significantly lower (F=19.64, P=0.000 5). The increased value of splenic CD4+ T cells fluorescence intensity in sham group was 494±41. Compared with sham group, the levels of SOCE in CLP Group were all lower (F=30.01, P=0.001). The ratio of early and late apoptosis of CD4+ T cells in sham group was 8.7%±1.5%. Compared with sham group, the early and late apoptosis rates of CLP Group were significantly higher (F=32.29, P=0.000 1). The OD of sham group was 0.81±0.10 at 450 nm. Compared with sham group, the proliferation ability of splenic CD4+ T cells in CLP Group were significantly decreased (F=7.26, P=0.001 8). Compared with sham group, the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 by CD4+ T cells and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 in CLP Group were all significantly decreased (F=19.690, 6.183, 11.230, all P<0.05). Compared with CLP3 group, the increased value of fluorescence intensity of CD4+ T cells was significantly decreased, the early and late apoptosis ratio of CD4+ T cells was significantly increased, the OD450 nm value of CD4+ T cells was decreased, the multiplication capacity of splenic CD4+ T cells were decreased, the level of IFN-γ and IL-4 secreted by T cells were decreased, and the value of IFN-γ/IL-4 in orai1-down group was decreased (t=4.819, 7.952, 2.988, 28.760, 3.140, 7.670, all P<0.05). However, Orail-up group showed the opposite trend. Conclusion: Orai1-mediated store-operated calcium entry can alleviate the immune dysfunction of CD4+ T cells in septic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lian
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - C S Chen
- Xiangshan Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - J J Fang
- Xiangshan Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - L W Chen
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - W C Cai
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - G J Zhao
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - G L Hong
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Z Q Lu
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Bogoslowski A, Wijeyesinghe S, Lee WY, Chen CS, Alanani S, Jenne C, Steeber DA, Scheiermann C, Butcher EC, Masopust D, Kubes P. Neutrophils Recirculate through Lymph Nodes to Survey Tissues for Pathogens. J Immunol 2020; 204:2552-2561. [PMID: 32205425 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The adaptive immune function of lymph nodes is dependent on constant recirculation of lymphocytes. In this article, we identify neutrophils present in the lymph node at steady state, exhibiting the same capacity for recirculation. In germ-free mice, neutrophils still recirculate through lymph nodes, and in mice cohoused with wild microbiome mice, the level of neutrophils in lymph nodes increases significantly. We found that at steady state, neutrophils enter the lymph node entirely via L-selectin and actively exit via efferent lymphatics via an S1P dependent mechanism. The small population of neutrophils in the lymph node can act as reconnaissance cells to recruit additional neutrophils in the event of bacterial dissemination to the lymph node. Without these reconnaissance cells, there is a delay in neutrophil recruitment to the lymph node and a reduction in swarm formation following Staphylococcus aureus infection. This ability to recruit additional neutrophils by lymph node neutrophils is initiated by LTB4. This study establishes the capacity of neutrophils to recirculate, much like lymphocytes via L-selectin and high endothelial venules in lymph nodes and demonstrates how the presence of neutrophils at steady state fortifies the lymph node in case of an infection disseminating through lymphatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania Bogoslowski
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Sathi Wijeyesinghe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Woo-Young Lee
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, BioMedical Centre, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Samer Alanani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Craig Jenne
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Douglas A Steeber
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, BioMedical Centre, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,University of Geneva, Department of Pathology and Immunology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; and
| | - Eugene C Butcher
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.,The Center for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - David Masopust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Paul Kubes
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada;
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Park S, Jeong B, Shin JH, Kim JH, Kim JW, Gwon DI, Ko GY, Chen CS. Interventional treatment of arterial injury during blind central venous catheterisation in the upper thorax: experience from two centres. Clin Radiol 2019; 75:158.e1-158.e7. [PMID: 31711638 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of interventional treatment for arterial injury during blind, central venous catheterisation in the upper thorax at two tertiary medical centres. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen consecutive patients (37-81 years; M:F=8:10) who underwent interventional treatment for the arterial injuries that occurred during central venous catheterisation without any imaging guidance between November 2007 and December 2018 were included. Clinical data, angiographic findings, detailed interventional procedures, and technical and clinical outcomes were analysed retrospectively. RESULTS Arterial injury sites were the subclavian artery/branches (n=12), axillary artery/branches (n=2), and common carotid artery (n=4). The target vein was not correlated with the corresponding artery/branches in eight patients (44.4%); internal jugular vein to subclavian artery branches. Angiographic findings were pseudoaneurysm (66.7%, 12/18), contrast medium extravasation (22.2%, 4/18), or both (11.1%, n=2). A stent graft was inserted for the main trunk injuries in nine patients, with (n=2) or without (n=7) prior arterial branch embolisation to prevent potential endoleak, while embolisation for the arterial branch injuries was performed in nine patients. Direct percutaneous access with thrombin injection to the pseudoaneurysm or residual arteriovenous fistula was utilised in two. The technical and clinical success rate was 94.4% (17/18) each. There were no procedure-related complications. In one patient without immediate clinical success, there was a persistent pseudoaneurysm after stent graft placement, which was treated with in-stent balloon dilation. CONCLUSION Interventional treatment serves as a safe and effective treatment modality for inadvertent arterial injury related to blind, central venous access catheterisation in the upper thorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Centre, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - B Jeong
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea.
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Centre, 21, Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, South Korea
| | - J W Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - D I Gwon
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - G-Y Ko
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe E Rd, Erqi Qu, Zhengzhou Shi, Henan Sheng, PR China
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de Juan A, Ince LM, Pick R, Chen CS, Molica F, Zuchtriegel G, Wang C, Zhang D, Druzd D, Hessenauer MET, Pelli G, Kolbe I, Oster H, Prophete C, Hergenhan SM, Albrecht U, Ripperger J, Montanez E, Reichel CA, Soehnlein O, Kwak BR, Frenette PS, Scheiermann C. Artery-Associated Sympathetic Innervation Drives Rhythmic Vascular Inflammation of Arteries and Veins. Circulation 2019; 140:1100-1114. [PMID: 31401849 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of acute cardiovascular complications is highly time-of-day dependent. However, the mechanisms driving rhythmicity of ischemic vascular events are unknown. Although enhanced numbers of leukocytes have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, the role that rhythmic leukocyte adhesion plays in different vascular beds has not been studied. METHODS We evaluated leukocyte recruitment in vivo by using real-time multichannel fluorescence intravital microscopy of a tumor necrosis factor-α-induced acute inflammation model in both murine arterial and venous macrovasculature and microvasculature. These approaches were complemented with genetic, surgical, and pharmacological ablation of sympathetic nerves or adrenergic receptors to assess their relevance for rhythmic leukocyte adhesion. In addition, we genetically targeted the key circadian clock gene Bmal1 (also known as Arntl) in a lineage-specific manner to dissect the importance of oscillations in leukocytes and components of the vessel wall in this process. RESULTS In vivo quantitative imaging analyses of acute inflammation revealed a 24-hour rhythm in leukocyte recruitment to arteries and veins of the mouse macrovasculature and microvasculature. Unexpectedly, although in arteries leukocyte adhesion was highest in the morning, it peaked at night in veins. This phase shift was governed by a rhythmic microenvironment and a vessel type-specific oscillatory pattern in the expression of promigratory molecules. Differences in cell adhesion molecules and leukocyte adhesion were ablated when disrupting sympathetic nerves, demonstrating their critical role in this process and the importance of β2-adrenergic receptor signaling. Loss of the core clock gene Bmal1 in leukocytes, endothelial cells, or arterial mural cells affected the oscillations in a vessel type-specific manner. Rhythmicity in the intravascular reactivity of adherent leukocytes resulted in increased interactions with platelets in the morning in arteries and in veins at night with a higher predisposition to acute thrombosis at different times as a consequence. CONCLUSIONS Together, our findings point to an important and previously unrecognized role of artery-associated sympathetic innervation in governing rhythmicity in vascular inflammation in both arteries and veins and its potential implications in the occurrence of time-of-day-dependent vessel type-specific thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba de Juan
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Louise Madeleine Ince
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.).,University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Switzerland (L.M.I., F.M., C.W., G.P., B.R. K., C.S.)
| | - Robert Pick
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Filippo Molica
- University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Switzerland (L.M.I., F.M., C.W., G.P., B.R. K., C.S.)
| | - Gabriele Zuchtriegel
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Chen Wang
- University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Switzerland (L.M.I., F.M., C.W., G.P., B.R. K., C.S.)
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research and Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (D.Z., C.P., P.S.F.)
| | - David Druzd
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Maximilian E T Hessenauer
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Graziano Pelli
- University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Switzerland (L.M.I., F.M., C.W., G.P., B.R. K., C.S.)
| | - Isa Kolbe
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Germany (I.K., H.O.)
| | - Henrik Oster
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Lübeck, Germany (I.K., H.O.)
| | - Colette Prophete
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research and Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (D.Z., C.P., P.S.F.)
| | - Sophia Martina Hergenhan
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Urs Albrecht
- University of Freiburg, Switzerland (U.A., J.R.)
| | | | - Eloi Montanez
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany (O.S.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa) and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (O.S.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.S.)
| | - Brenda R Kwak
- University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Switzerland (L.M.I., F.M., C.W., G.P., B.R. K., C.S.)
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research and Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (D.Z., C.P., P.S.F.)
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany (A.d.J., L.M.I., R.P., C.-S.C., G.Z., D.D., M.E.T.H., S.M.H., E.M., C.A.R., C.S.).,University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), Department of Pathology and Immunology, Switzerland (L.M.I., F.M., C.W., G.P., B.R. K., C.S.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (O.S., C.S.)
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Pick R, He W, Chen CS, Scheiermann C. Time-of-Day-Dependent Trafficking and Function of Leukocyte Subsets. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:524-537. [PMID: 31109762 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The number of leukocytes circulating in blood in mammals is under circadian control (i.e., ∼24h). We summarize here latest findings on the mechanisms governing leukocyte migration from the blood into various organs, focusing on the distinct leukocyte subtype- and tissue-specific molecules involved. We highlight the oscillatory expression patterns of adhesion molecules, chemokines, and their receptors that are expressed on endothelial cells and leukocytes, and which are crucial regulators of rhythmic leukocyte recruitment. We also discuss the relevance of clock genes for leukocyte function and migration. Finally, we compare immune cell rhythms under steady-state conditions as well as during inflammation and disease, and we postulate how these findings provide potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pick
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wenyan He
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, PR China; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, BioMedical Centre, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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17
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Chen CS, Ince L, de Juan A, Scheiermann C. Loss of local innervation induces lymph node expansion. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.117.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The nervous system directly innervates both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues, but the influence of neural input on regional immune responses remains unclear. Local, unilateral deprivation of nerves to the popliteal lymph node (popLN) and its draining area by surgical denervation led to ipsilateral paw thickening and dramatic nodal expansion of all leukocyte subsets investigated. However, denervation surgeries on nerves bypassing the popLN, such as cutting the femoral nerve, the sciatic nerve below the popliteal fossa or individual branches of the sciatic nerve, failed to increase lymph node cellularity. Expansion was associated with increased expression of Cxcl13, Il1a, Il1b, Il6, Il10, Il17a and Il17f levels in denervated popLNs and paws. Adoptive cell transfer revealed enhanced cellular trafficking of lymphocytes to the lymph node, accounting for increased cellularity as this was ablated in mice receiving antibodies blocking lymph node homing. Additionally, immunofluorescence analyses revealed high levels of B cell proliferation and germinal center formation, which was mirrored by enhanced antibody titers in serum. Blockade of antigen presentation using an MHC class II-neutralizing antibody or surgically ablating drainage of afferent lymphatics to the popLN inhibited denervation-induced nodal expansion. Together, these data provide evidence for an important regulatory role of direct neural innervation in local immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise Ince
- 1Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
- 2Univ. of Geneva Med. Sch., Switzerland
| | - Alba de Juan
- 1Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
- 3Curie Inst., France
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- 1Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
- 2Univ. of Geneva Med. Sch., Switzerland
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Xu HY, Zhang DQ, Ye JR, Su SS, Xie YP, Chen CS, Li YP. [Diagnostic performance of T-SPOT.TB on peripheral blood in combination with adenosine deaminase on pleural fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy within different age group]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018. [PMID: 28648009 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.24.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the performance of T cell enzyme-linked immuno-spot assay (T-SPOT) on peripheral blood in combination with adenosine deaminase (ADA) on pleural fluid for diagnosis of tuberculous (TB) pleurisy within different age groups. Methods: The data of patients with pleural effusion from the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from April 2012 to November 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and the diagnoses of these patients were histopathologically confirmed through medical thoracoscopy. The cases who had confirmed diagnosis, in the same time, received peripheral blood T-SPOT.TB were enrolled. The performance of peripheral blood T-SPOT.TB in combination with pleural fluid ADA on diagnosing TB pleurisy in the younger patients (16-59 years old) and elderly patients (≥60 years old) were analyzed respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were adopted for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 448 cases were finally enrolled, 341(76.1%) confirmed with TB pleurisy, 224 males, 117 females, (47±19) years old; and 107 (23.9%) classified as non-TB pleurisy, 65 males, 42 females, (61±14) years old. There were 285 cases who were classified as younger group, and the other 163 cases were classified as elderly group. The sensitivity and specificity of peripheral blood T-SPOT.TB were 85.4% (204/239) and 71.7% (33/46) in the younger patients, 76.5% (78/102) and 59.0% (36/61) respectively in the elderly patients. The sensitivity of peripheral blood T-SPOT.TB in the younger patients was significantly higher than that in the elderly patients (P=0.047). The sensitivity and specificity were 99.2% and 95.7% in combination with peripheral blood T-SPOT.TB and pleural fluid ADA respectively in the younger patients. The area under ROC curve (AUC) of T-SPOT.TB in the younger patients was 0.833, AUC of T-SPOT.TB combined with ADA was 0.911. The combination test of 2 tests had the sensitivity of 96.1% and the specificity of 90.2% respectively in the elderly patients. The AUC of T-SPOT.TB in the elderly patients was 0.747, AUC of T-SPOT.TB combined with ADA was 0.911. Conclusion: Peripheral blood T-SPOT.TB combined with pleural fluid ADA can improve the diagnostic performance for TB pleurisy with different ages, especially for elderly patients who can't tolerate pleural biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
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19
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Lin PC, Lai QQ, Zhou Y, Ye JR, Wu Q, Chen CS, Li YP. [The diagnostic performance of galactomannan detection for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic hosts]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2017; 39:929-933. [PMID: 27938542 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of galactomannan(GM)detection in serum and BALF for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in non-neutropenic hosts. Methods: A pospective study was performed for 1 356 non-neutropenic hosts admitted to the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from September 2014 to October 2015. Serum GM test was performed for all, and BALF GM test for a proportion of the patients. The patients were divided into an IPA group and a non-IPA group. SPSS 20.0 was adopted for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 1 361 cases were enrolled, aging 18-96 years, with an average age of (64±15) years. There were 879 male and 477 female patients. Thirty-nine cases were diagnosed as IPA, accounting for 2.9%. For serum GM test, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 43.6%(17/39), 94.1%(1 239/1 317), 17.9%(17/95)and 98.3%(1 239/1 261)respectively. Ninety-six cases received serum and BALF GM tests at the same time. If the cut-off value of BALF GM test was 0.8, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 86.7%(13/15), 60.5%(49/81), 28.9%(13/45), 96.1%(49/51)respectively, but if the value was 1.0, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 86.7%(13/15), 74.1%(60/81), 38.2%(13/34), 96.8%(60/62)respectively. The ROC curve area of BALF GM, serum GM and the combined serum and BALF GM was 0.87, 0.75 and 0.90, respectively. Conclusions: The sensitivity of serum GM test in non-neutropenic hosts was low, but it had a high negative predictive value.The best BALF GM cut-off value was 1.0. The combined serum and BALF GM tests improved the diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Lin
- *Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
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20
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Abstract
Arterial bypass grafts remain the gold standard for the treatment of end-stage ischaemic disease. Yet patients unable to tolerate the cardiovascular stress of arterial surgery or those with unreconstructable disease would benefit from grafts that are able to induce therapeutic angiogenesis. Here, we introduce an approach whereby implantation of 3D-printed grafts containing endothelial-cell-lined lumens induces spontaneous, geometrically guided generation of collateral circulation in ischaemic settings. In rodent models of hind-limb ischaemia and myocardial infarction, we demonstrate that the vascular patches rescue perfusion of distal tissues, preventing capillary loss, muscle atrophy and loss of function. Inhibiting anastomoses between the construct and the host’s local capillary beds, or implanting constructs with unpatterned endothelial cells, abrogates reperfusion. Our 3D-printed grafts constitute an efficient and scalable approach to engineer vascular patches able to guide rapid therapeutic angiogenesis and perfusion for the treatment of ischaemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mirabella
- Department of Bioengineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - J W MacArthur
- Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - C K Ozaki
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Y J Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - M Yang
- Innolign Biomedical, Boston, MA
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and the Biological Design Center, Boston University; The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA
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Druzd D, Matveeva O, Ince L, Harrison U, He W, Schmal C, Herzel H, Tsang AH, Kawakami N, Leliavski A, Uhl O, Yao L, Sander LE, Chen CS, Kraus K, de Juan A, Hergenhan SM, Ehlers M, Koletzko B, Haas R, Solbach W, Oster H, Scheiermann C. Lymphocyte Circadian Clocks Control Lymph Node Trafficking and Adaptive Immune Responses. Immunity 2017; 46:120-132. [PMID: 28087238 PMCID: PMC5263259 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocytes circulate through lymph nodes (LN) in search for antigen in what is believed to be a continuous process. Here, we show that lymphocyte migration through lymph nodes and lymph occurred in a non-continuous, circadian manner. Lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes peaked at night onset, with cells leaving the tissue during the day. This resulted in strong oscillations in lymphocyte cellularity in lymph nodes and efferent lymphatic fluid. Using lineage-specific genetic ablation of circadian clock function, we demonstrated this to be dependent on rhythmic expression of promigratory factors on lymphocytes. Dendritic cell numbers peaked in phase with lymphocytes, with diurnal oscillations being present in disease severity after immunization to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). These rhythms were abolished by genetic disruption of T cell clocks, demonstrating a circadian regulation of lymphocyte migration through lymph nodes with time-of-day of immunization being critical for adaptive immune responses weeks later. Lymphocyte numbers in lymph nodes and lymph oscillate over the course of the day Rhythmic Ccr7 and S1pr1 expression drives rhythmic lymphocyte homing and egress Adaptive immune responses to immunization and pathogens are time-of-day dependent Loss of circadian clocks in lymphocytes ablates rhythmic adaptive immune responses
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Affiliation(s)
- David Druzd
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Olga Matveeva
- Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Louise Ince
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ute Harrison
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Wenyan He
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Hanspeter Herzel
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anthony H Tsang
- Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- BioMedical Center, Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alexei Leliavski
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Nutrition Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olaf Uhl
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Ling Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité University Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif Erik Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité University Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kraus
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alba de Juan
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Sophia Martina Hergenhan
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Marc Ehlers
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Nutrition Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Werner Solbach
- Center for Infection and Inflammation, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Henrik Oster
- Medical Department I, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- BioMedical Center, Walter-Brendel-Centre for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Huang HH, Chen CS, Wang WH, Hsu SW, Tsai HH, Liu ST, Chang LK. TRIM5α Promotes Ubiquitination of Rta from Epstein-Barr Virus to Attenuate Lytic Progression. Front Microbiol 2017; 7:2129. [PMID: 28105027 PMCID: PMC5214253 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Replication and transcription activator (Rta), a key protein expressed by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) during the immediate-early stage of the lytic cycle, is responsible for the activation of viral lytic genes. In this study, GST-pulldown and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that Rta interacts in vitro and in vivo with TRIM5α, a host factor known to be involved in the restriction of retroviral infections. Confocal microscopy results revealed that Rta colocalizes with TRIM5α in the nucleus during lytic progression. The interaction involves 190 amino acids in the N-terminal of Rta and the RING domain in TRIM5α, and it was further found that TRIM5α acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to promote Rta ubiquitination. Overexpression of TRIM5α reduced the transactivating capabilities of Rta, while reducing TRIM5α expression enhanced EBV lytic protein expression and DNA replication. Taken together, these results point to a critical role for TRIM5α in attenuating EBV lytic progression through the targeting of Rta for ubiquitination, and suggest that the restrictive capabilities of TRIM5α may go beyond retroviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Hung Huang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Hsu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Han Tsai
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tung Liu
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chang-Gung University Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Kwan Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
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Yang J, Chen CS, Chen SH, Ding P, Fan ZY, Lu YW, Yu LP, Lin HD. Population genetic structure of critically endangered salamander (Hynobius amjiensis) in China: recommendations for conservation. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7733. [PMID: 27323156 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Amji's salamander (Hynobius amjiensis) is a critically endangered species (IUCN Red List), which is endemic to mainland China. In the present study, five haplotypes were genotyped for the mtDNA cyt b gene in 45 specimens from three populations. Relatively low levels of haplotype diversity (h = 0.524) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00532) were detected. Analyses of the phylogenic structure of H. amjiensis showed no evidence of major geographic partitions or substantial barriers to historical gene flow throughout the species' range. Two major phylogenetic haplotype groups were revealed, and were estimated to have diverged about 1.262 million years ago. Mismatch distribution analysis, neutrality tests, and Bayesian skyline plots revealed no evidence of dramatic changes in the effective population size. According to the SAMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses, H. amjiensis should be regarded as two different management units.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - C S Chen
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - S H Chen
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - P Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Z Y Fan
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Y W Lu
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - L P Yu
- The Administration Bureau of Longwangshan Natural Reserve, Anji, Zhejiang, China
| | - H D Lin
- The Affiliated School of National Tainan First Senior High School, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lai LP, Lee MT, Chen CS, Yu B, Lee TT. Effects of co-fermented Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues and soybean hulls by Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2959-69. [PMID: 26467005 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean hulls are a by-product of soybean processing for oil and meal production; Pleurotus eryngii stalk residues (PESR) are by-products of the edible portion of the fruiting body enriched in bioactive metabolites. This study evaluated the effects of co-fermented PESR and soybean hulls with Aureobasidium pullulans on performance and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. The in vitro experimental results showed that xylananse and mannanase activity of solid-state fermented soybean hulls (100% SBH) and soybean hulls partially replaced with PESR (75:25, SHP) reached peak at day 12; solid-state fermentation (SSF) enhanced the total phenolic content and trolox equivalency in both products as well. Additionally, FSHP had higher xylotriose and mannobiose levels than fermented FSBH did. A total of 400 broilers (Ross 308) were assigned randomly into four groups receiving the basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% fermented SBH (0.5% FSBH), 0.5% fermented SBHP (0.5% FSHP) and 1.0% fermented SBHP (1.0% FSHP) until 35 d of age, respectively. Results demonstrated that 0.5% FSHP addition increased body weight gain as compared with corresponding normal diet fed control in birds during entire experimental period. Compared with the control group, 0.5% FSHP group significantly increased the ratio of lactic acid bacteria to Clostridium perfringens in ceca as well as ileum villus height and jejunum villus height/crypt depth ratio of 35 d old birds. In conclusion, 0.5% FSHP supplementation in the diet could obtain not only improved body weight gain, but optimal intestinal morphology by exerting its bioactive metabolite properties when fed to broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Lai
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - M T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - B Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - T T Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Huang CW, Sun MK, Chen BT, Shieh J, Chen CS, Chen WS. Simulation of thermal ablation by high-intensity focused ultrasound with temperature-dependent properties. Ultrason Sonochem 2015; 27:456-465. [PMID: 26186867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An integrated computational framework was developed in this study for modeling high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) thermal ablation. The temperature field was obtained by solving the bioheat transfer equation (BHTE) through the finite element method; while, the thermal lesion was considered as a denatured material experiencing phase transformation and modeled with the latent heat. An equivalent attenuation coefficient, which considers the temperature-dependent properties of the target material and the ultrasound diffraction due to bubbles, was proposed in the nonlinear thermal transient analysis. Finally, a modified thermal dose formulation was proposed to predict the lesion size, shape and location. In-vitro thermal ablation experiments on transparent tissue phantoms at different energy levels were carried out to validate this computational framework. The temperature histories and lesion areas from the proposed model show good correlation with those from the in-vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - M K Sun
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - B T Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - J Shieh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W S Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital & College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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26
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Galie PA, van Oosten A, Chen CS, Janmey PA. Application of multiple levels of fluid shear stress to endothelial cells plated on polyacrylamide gels. Lab Chip 2015; 15:1205-12. [PMID: 25573790 PMCID: PMC4500630 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress have previously been performed on unphysiologically rigid substrates. We describe the design and implementation of a microfluidic device that applies discrete levels of shear stress to cells plated on hydrogel-based substrates of physiologically-relevant stiffness. The setup allows for measurements of cell morphology and inflammatory response to the combined stimuli, and identifies mechanisms by which vascular stiffening leads to pathological responses to blood flow. We found that the magnitude of shear stress required to affect endothelial cell morphology and inflammatory response depended on substrate stiffness. Endothelial cells on 100 Pa substrates demonstrate a greater increase in cell area and cortical stiffness and decrease in NF-κB nuclear translocation in response to TNF-α treatment compared to controls than cells plated on 10 kPa substrates. The response of endothelial cells on soft substrates to shear stress depends on the presence of hyaluronan (HA). These results emphasize the importance of substrate stiffness on endothelial function, and elucidate a means by which vascular stiffening in aging and disease can impact the endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Galie
- Dept of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Chen CS, Lai YT, Chen TC, Chen CH, Lee JF, Hsu CW, Kao HM. Synthesis and characterization of Pt nanoparticles with different morphologies in mesoporous silica SBA-15 for methanol oxidation reaction. Nanoscale 2014; 6:12644-12654. [PMID: 25198619 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03624g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous SBA-15 silica materials functionalized with and without carboxylic acid groups were used to effectively control the morphology of Pt crystals, and the materials thus obtained were applied to methanol oxidation reactions. The Pt particles aggregated to form long spheroids inside the channels in pure SBA-15. When carboxylic acid groups were utilized, the SBA-15(-COOH) material facilitated the formation of higher Pt surface area, smaller Pt nanoparticles and nearly spherical shape due to the strong interaction between Pt(4+) ions and carboxylic acid on SBA-15. The Pt(4+) ions on the SBA-15(-COOH) material can be directly transformed to reduced Pt particles during calcination. The methanol oxidation activity on a Pt surface is strongly dependent on the shape of Pt particles. The near-spherical Pt nanoparticles on the SBA-15(-COOH) exhibited higher catalytic activity during methanol oxidation than Pt catalysts on unmodified SBA-15. The near-spherical Pt particles on the SBA-15(-COOH) contained large numbers of terrace sites on their surfaces, which led to high efficiency during methanol oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chen
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan Tao-Yuan, Taiwan 333, Republic of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Varma
- Flinders Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - A W Lee
- Flinders Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Cong JC, Chen CS, Ma MX, Xia ZX, Liu DS, Zhang FY. Laparoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer: comparison of stapled and manual coloanal anastomosis. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:353-8. [PMID: 24460588 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aim was to analyse the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic intersphincteric resection with stapled coloanal anastomosis for low rectal cancer. METHOD Between March 2009 and August 2010, 22 patients underwent laparoscopic intersphincteric resection with a stapled coloanal anastomosis without a diverting ileostomy. The results were compared retrospectively with hand-sewn coloanal anastomoses performed between January 2001 and May 2009, which included 55 open and 38 laparoscopic intersphincteric resections. The morbidity comparison only included data relevant to the anastomosis. Function was compared using the Saito function questionnaire and the Wexner score and only involved data relevant to the laparoscopy. RESULTS The anastomotic complication rates were similar for fistula, bleeding and neorectal mucosal prolapse (P = 0.526, P = 0.653 and P = 0.411, respectively). Anastomotic leakage and stricture formation of the stapled coloanal anastomosis were significantly lower than those of the hand-sewn coloanal anastomosis (P = 0.037 and P = 0.028, respectively). There were no significant differences in the Saito function questionnaire and the Wexner score between the stapled and hand-sewn coloanal anastomotic groups (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Laparoscopic intersphincteric resection with a stapled coloanal anastomosis is technically feasible and is less likely to result in anastomotic leakage and stricture formation than a hand-sewn anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Cong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Xu SC, Man BY, Jiang SZ, Feng DJ, Gao SB, Chen CS, Liu M, Yang C, Zhang C, Bi D, Liu FY, Meng X. Sapphire-based graphene saturable absorber for long-time working femtosecond lasers. Opt Lett 2014; 39:2707-2710. [PMID: 24784083 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.002707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a long-time working femtosecond laser using metal-free sapphire-based graphene as a saturable absorber (SA). The sapphire-based graphene yielded excellent nonlinear saturable absorption properties and was demonstrated to be suitable as an SA for an ultrafast solid-state laser. Stable mode-locked pulses of 325 fs were obtained at a central wavelength of 1032 nm with a repetition rate of 66.3 MHz. At pump power of 8.23 W the average output power was 1.78 W and the highest pulse energy reached 26.8 nJ with a peak power of 72.6 kW. Our work opens up a facile route for making reliable graphene SA in the mode-locking technique and also displays an exciting prospect in making low-cost and ultrafast lasers.
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Dreischarf M, Zander T, Shirazi-Adl A, Puttlitz CM, Adam CJ, Chen CS, Goel VK, Kiapour A, Kim YH, Labus KM, Little JP, Park WM, Wang YH, Wilke HJ, Rohlmann A, Schmidt H. Comparison of eight published static finite element models of the intact lumbar spine: predictive power of models improves when combined together. J Biomech 2014; 47:1757-66. [PMID: 24767702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Finite element (FE) model studies have made important contributions to our understanding of functional biomechanics of the lumbar spine. However, if a model is used to answer clinical and biomechanical questions over a certain population, their inherently large inter-subject variability has to be considered. Current FE model studies, however, generally account only for a single distinct spinal geometry with one set of material properties. This raises questions concerning their predictive power, their range of results and on their agreement with in vitro and in vivo values. Eight well-established FE models of the lumbar spine (L1-5) of different research centers around the globe were subjected to pure and combined loading modes and compared to in vitro and in vivo measurements for intervertebral rotations, disc pressures and facet joint forces. Under pure moment loading, the predicted L1-5 rotations of almost all models fell within the reported in vitro ranges, and their median values differed on average by only 2° for flexion-extension, 1° for lateral bending and 5° for axial rotation. Predicted median facet joint forces and disc pressures were also in good agreement with published median in vitro values. However, the ranges of predictions were larger and exceeded those reported in vitro, especially for the facet joint forces. For all combined loading modes, except for flexion, predicted median segmental intervertebral rotations and disc pressures were in good agreement with measured in vivo values. In light of high inter-subject variability, the generalization of results of a single model to a population remains a concern. This study demonstrated that the pooled median of individual model results, similar to a probabilistic approach, can be used as an improved predictive tool in order to estimate the response of the lumbar spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dreischarf
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - T Zander
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Shirazi-Adl
- Division of Applied Mechanics, Department of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C M Puttlitz
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Colorado State University, USA
| | - C J Adam
- Paediatric Spine Research Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - V K Goel
- Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Colleges of Engineering and Medicine, University of Toledo, USA
| | - A Kiapour
- Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Colleges of Engineering and Medicine, University of Toledo, USA
| | - Y H Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - K M Labus
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Colorado State University, USA
| | - J P Little
- Paediatric Spine Research Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - W M Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H J Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Rohlmann
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Schmidt
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm, Germany
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Tsai CM, Wu HY, Su TH, Kuo CW, Huang HW, Chung CH, Chen CS, Khoo KH, Chen YJ, Lin KI. Phosphoproteomic analyses reveal that galectin-1 augments the dynamics of B-cell receptor signaling. J Proteomics 2014; 103:241-53. [PMID: 24704852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED B-cell activation is important for mounting humoral immune responses and antibody production. Galectin-1 has multiple regulatory functions in immune cells. However, the effects of galectin-1 modulation and the mechanisms underlying the coordination of B-cell activation are unclear. To address this issue, we applied label-free quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis to investigate the dynamics of galectin-1-induced signaling in comparison with that following anti-IgM treatment. A total of 3247 phosphorylation sites on 1245 proteins were quantified, and 70-80% of the 856 responsive phosphoproteins were commonly activated during various biological functions. The similarity between galectin-1- and anti-IgM-elicited B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathways was also revealed. Additionally, the mapping of the 149 BCR-responsive phosphorylation sites provided complementary knowledge of BCR signaling. Compared to anti-IgM induction, the phosphoproteomic profiling of BCR signaling, along with validation by western blot analysis and pharmacological inhibitors, revealed that the activation of Syk, Btk, and PI3K may be dominant in galectin-1-mediated activation. We further demonstrated that the proliferation of antigen-primed B cells was diminished in the absence of galectin-1 in an animal model. Together, these findings provided evidence for a new role and insight into the mechanism of how galectin-1 augments the strength of the immunological synapse by modulating BCR signaling. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The current study revealed the first systematic phosphorylation-mediated signaling network and its dynamics in B cell activation. The comparative phosphoproteomic analysis on the dynamics of galectin-1 induced activation profiles not only showed that exogenously added galectin-1 augmented B-cell activation but also revealed its relatively enhanced activation in PI3K pathway. Together with proliferation assay, we further delineated that galectin-1 is important for B-cell proliferation in response to antigen challenge. Our phosphoproteomic study reveals a new role for galectin-1 in augmenting the strength of immunological synapse by modulating BCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ming Tsai
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Hsiung Su
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Han-Wen Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Chung
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204, United States
| | - Chien-Sin Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kay-Hooi Khoo
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-I Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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van Spreeuwel ACC, Bax NAM, Bastiaens AJ, Foolen J, Loerakker S, Borochin M, van der Schaft DWJ, Chen CS, Baaijens FPT, Bouten CVC. The influence of matrix (an)isotropy on cardiomyocyte contraction in engineered cardiac microtissues. Integr Biol (Camb) 2014; 6:422-9. [PMID: 24549279 DOI: 10.1039/c3ib40219c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the cardiac microenvironment, cardiomyocytes (CMs) are embedded in an aligned and structured extracellular matrix (ECM) to maintain the coordinated contractile function of the heart. The cardiac fibroblast (cFB) is the main cell type responsible for producing and remodeling this matrix. In cardiac diseases, however, adverse remodeling and CM death may lead to deterioration of the aligned myocardial structure. Here, we present an in vitro cardiac model system with uniaxial and biaxial constraints to induce (an)isotropy in 3D microtissues, thereby mimicking 'healthy' aligned and 'diseased' disorganized cardiac matrices. A mixture of neonatal mouse CMs and cFBs was resuspended in a collagen-matrigel hydrogel and seeded to form microtissues to recapitulate the in vivo cellular composition. Matrix disarray led to a stellate cell shape and a disorganized sarcomere organization, while CMs in aligned matrices were more elongated and had aligned sarcomeres. Although matrix disarray has no detrimental effect on the force generated by the CMs, it did have a negative effect on the homogeneity of contraction force distribution. Furthermore, proliferation of the cFBs affected microtissue contraction as indicated by the negative correlation between the percentage of cFBs in the microtissues and their beating frequency. These results suggest that in regeneration of the diseased heart, reorganization of the disorganized matrix will contribute to recover the coordinated contraction but restoring the ratio in cellular composition (CMs and cFBs) is also a prerequisite to completely regain tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C C van Spreeuwel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Zhang C, Man BY, Yang C, Jiang SZ, Liu M, Chen CS, Xu SC, Sun ZC, Gao XG, Chen XJ. Facile synthesis of graphene on dielectric surfaces using a two-temperature reactor CVD system. Nanotechnology 2013; 24:395603. [PMID: 24013529 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/39/395603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Direct deposition of graphene on a dielectric substrate is demonstrated using a chemical vapor deposition system with a two-temperature reactor. The two-temperature reactor is utilized to offer sufficient, well-proportioned floating Cu atoms and to provide a temperature gradient for facile synthesis of graphene on dielectric surfaces. The evaporated Cu atoms catalyze the reaction in the presented method. C atoms and Cu atoms respectively act as the nuclei for forming graphene film in the low-temperature zone and the zones close to the high-temperature zones. A uniform and high-quality graphene film is formed in an atmosphere of sufficient and well-proportioned floating Cu atoms. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy confirm the presence of uniform and high-quality graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Lee
- Flinders Comprehensive Stroke Centre, South Australia, Australia
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - S Cugati
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - D Varma
- Flinders Comprehensive Stroke Centre, South Australia, Australia
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Varma DD, Cugati S, Lee AW, Chen CS. A review of central retinal artery occlusion: clinical presentation and management. Eye (Lond) 2013; 27:688-97. [PMID: 23470793 PMCID: PMC3682348 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmic emergency and the ocular analogue of cerebral stroke. Best evidence reflects that over three-quarters of patients suffer profound acute visual loss with a visual acuity of 20/400 or worse. This results in a reduced functional capacity and quality of life. There is also an increased risk of subsequent cerebral stroke and ischaemic heart disease. There are no current guideline-endorsed therapies, although the use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been investigated in two randomized controlled trials. This review will describe the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical features of CRAO, and discuss current and future treatments, including the use of tPA in further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Varma
- Flinders Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - S Cugati
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - A W Lee
- Flinders Comprehensive Stroke Centre, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - C S Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Stevens KR, Ungrin MD, Schwartz RE, Ng S, Carvalho B, Christine KS, Chaturvedi RR, Li CY, Zandstra PW, Chen CS, Bhatia SN. InVERT molding for scalable control of tissue microarchitecture. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1847. [PMID: 23673632 PMCID: PMC3660041 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex tissues contain multiple cell types that are hierarchically organized within morphologically and functionally distinct compartments. Construction of engineered tissues with optimized tissue architecture has been limited by tissue fabrication techniques, which do not enable versatile microscale organization of multiple cell types in tissues of size adequate for physiological studies and tissue therapies. Here we present an 'Intaglio-Void/Embed-Relief Topographic molding' method for microscale organization of many cell types, including induced pluripotent stem cell-derived progeny, within a variety of synthetic and natural extracellular matrices and across tissues of sizes appropriate for in vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical studies. We demonstrate that compartmental placement of non-parenchymal cells relative to primary or induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes, compartment microstructure, and cellular composition modulate hepatic functions. Configurations found to sustain physiological function in vitro also result in survival and function in mice for at least 4 weeks, demonstrating the importance of architectural optimization before implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- KR Stevens
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - MD Ungrin
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - RE Schwartz
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Division of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - S Ng
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - B Carvalho
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - KS Christine
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - RR Chaturvedi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - CY Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - PW Zandstra
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McEwen Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart & Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - CS Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - SN Bhatia
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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Cong JC, Chen CS, Zhang H, Qiao L, Liu EQ. Partial longitudinal resection of the anorectum and sphincter for very low rectal adenocarcinoma: a surgical approach to avoid permanent colostomy. Colorectal Dis 2012; 14:697-704. [PMID: 21689354 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Abdominoperineal resection has been the standard procedure for low rectal cancer. The present study details a new technique, partial longitudinal resection of the anorectum and sphincter, and assesses the oncological and functional outcomes. METHOD Between January 2004 and April 2008, 12 patients underwent partial longitudinal resection of the anorectum and sphincter for low rectal cancer. All patients underwent a diverting ileostomy and received biofeedback training before stoma closure. Functional results were assessed by vector manometry, Wexner constipation score and Wexner incontinence score. The quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). RESULTS There was no postoperative mortality and a R0 curative resection was confirmed in every case. Morbidity included anastomotic leakage in three patients, one of whom underwent reoperation, and stenosis in 11, which was successfully managed with dilatation. The patient who underwent reoperation was not included in the functional analysis. The 11 successful patients received biofeedback training for 1-4 months, and underwent ileostomy closure 6-12 months after surgery. No patient had severe faecal incontinence after stoma closure. The EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status and QoL scores at 12 months after stoma closure were 50.4 ± 24.3, similar to preoperation scores of 52.3 ± 25.6 (P = 0.927), and not significantly different to scores for the healthy control population of 63.4 ± 23.5 (P = 0.539). No patients developed local recurrence during the median observation period (35.5 months). One patient had distant metastases at 24 months, and underwent resection of the left liver. CONCLUSION Curability and acceptable anal function can be obtained by partial longitudinal resection of the anorectum and sphincter in patients with very low rectal cancers. This technique is recommended as an alternative to abdominoperineal resection in patients with external sphincter muscle invasion or tumours located below the dentate line.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Cong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: a review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry 2011; 27:1-8. [PMID: 22153731 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 419] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2010] [Revised: 04/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction is a newly emergent disorder. It has been found to be associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders. Information about such coexisting psychiatric disorders is essential to understand the mechanism of Internet addiction. In this review, we have recruited articles mentioning coexisting psychiatric disorders of Internet addiction from the PubMed database as at November 3, 2009. We describe the updated results for such disorders of Internet addiction, which include substance use disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, hostility, and social anxiety disorder. We also provide discussion for possible mechanisms accounting for the coexistence of psychiatric disorders and Internet addiction. The review might suggest that combined psychiatric disorders mentioned above should be evaluated and treated to prevent their deteriorating effect on the prognosis of Internet addiction. On the other hand, Internet addiction should be paid more attention to when treating people with these coexisting psychiatric disorders of Internet addiction. Additionally, we also suggest future necessary research directions that could provide further important information for the understanding of this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Chu ERL, Lee AW, Chen CS. Resolution of visual field constriction with verapamil in a patient with bilateral optic neuropathy, migraine and Raynaud's phenomenon. Intern Med J 2010; 39:851-3. [PMID: 20233249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2009.02080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Chen CS, Chang PJ, Ho DR. Pilot study on the effect of composite UmayC in catheter-associated lower urinary tract infection. Urol Int 2010; 85:60-5. [PMID: 20389054 DOI: 10.1159/000312408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies showed that cranberries and related products may play a role in the prevention of urinary tract infection. The objective of this study is to investigate composite UmayC, a cranberry composite with the herbal extract Acrobio TS and Acrobio GL, in its effectiveness for catheter-associated lower urinary tract infection in an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS A catheter was inserted into the bladder of rats with or without bacterial suspension. The rats were randomly assigned to the treated or the control group, which, respectively, received or did not receive UmayC in chowder diet. The voiding pattern was recorded using a metabolic cage. Spleen lysate cytokines were measured in both groups with Western blot analysis. RESULTS The voiding pattern remained nearly the same in UmayC-treated rats, even when they had a bacterial suspension-filled catheter inserted. The most significant cytokine changes in these rats were decreased spleen interleukin-10 and interleukin-6, which may indicate a diminished host response to infection under UmayC herbal composite treatment. CONCLUSIONS UmayC herbal composite can reduce bladder irritation caused by catheter-related infection. The host immune response to infection may also be altered and improved by the preventive effectiveness of Acrobio TS- and Acrobio GL-composited cranberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Putzu City, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
There is disagreement about the association between missing posterior teeth and the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Here, the purpose was to investigate whether the number of missing posterior teeth, their distribution, age, and gender are associated with TMD. Seven hundred and forty-one individuals, aged 21-60 years, with missing posterior teeth, 386 with and 355 without TMD, were included. Four variables-gender, age, the number of missing posterior teeth, and the number of dental quadrants with missing posterior teeth-were analyzed with a logistic regression model. All four variables-gender (OR = 1.59, men = 1, women = 2), age (OR = 0.98), the number of missing posterior teeth (OR = 0.51), and the number of dental quadrants with missing posterior teeth (OR = 7.71)-were entered into the logistic model (P < 0.01). The results indicate that individuals who lose posterior teeth, with fewer missing posterior teeth but in more quadrants, have a higher prevalence of TMD, especially young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Q Wang
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Xi'an, PR China 710032.
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43
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the proportion of patients presenting with thromboembolic central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) who had undiagnosed vascular risk factors amenable to modification. METHODS A retrospective audit of consecutive patients with non-arteritic/thromboembolic CRAO presenting between 1997 and 2008 in a single tertiary teaching hospital. RESULTS Thirty-three patients with non-arteritic CRAO were identified. Twenty-one patients (64%) had at least one new vascular risk factor found after the retinal occlusive event, with hyperlipidemia being the most common undiagnosed vascular risk factor at the time of the sentinel CRAO event (36%). Nine patients (27%) had newly diagnosed hypertension or previous diagnosis of hypertension but not optimally controlled. To better control their vascular risk factors 18 patients (54%) were given a new or altered medication. Nine patients had more than 50% of ipsilateral carotid stenosis ; six of these proceeded with carotid endarterectomy or stenting. One patient had significant new echocardiogram finding. Systemic ischaemic event post CRAO occurred in two patients with stroke and acute coronary syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Patients presenting with CRAO often have a previously undiagnosed vascular risk factor that may be amenable to medical or surgical treatment. As this population is at a high risk of secondary ischaemic events, risk factor modification is prudent.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Rudkin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders Drive, South Australia, Australia
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44
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Tang CY, Tzeng CH, Chen CS, Chiu TS. Microsatellite DNA markers for population-genetic studies of blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) and cross-specific amplification in S. japonicus. Mol Ecol Resour 2009; 9:824-7. [PMID: 21564757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus) is targeted by large-scale purse-seiners in the western North Pacific, and its stock structure is still contentious. Herein, we described 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci for blue mackerel. The number of alleles among 32 individuals surveyed ranged from five to 27 (average of 16.2 alleles per locus). Departures from Hardy-Weinberg expectation were observed at two loci. Cross-specific amplification in the congener, S. japonicus, was successful, except for one locus, revealed to be diagnostic for these congeners. These microsatellite loci will be useful tools to address queries in population genetic structure, fishery management unit and taxonomic species status in the genus Scomber.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tang
- Research Centre for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan Institute of Zoology, Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan Institute of Marine Affairs and Resource Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
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45
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Abstract
Novel silicon oxide nanojunction structures with various shapes, such as X type, Y type, T type, ringlike and treelike, are fabricated in a self-assembled manner by the hydrothermal method without any metallic catalyst. In the silicon oxide nanojunctions, both the silicon oxide nanowire part and the junction part consist of the same chemical composition, forming homogeneous homojunctions and being made suitable for application in nanoscale optoelectronics devices. The formation of silicon oxide nanojunctions may be influenced by the surrounding environment in the reaction kettle, growth space among the silicon oxide nanowires and the weight of SiO droplets at the growth tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Lin
- State Key laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, People's Republic of China
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46
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Scope A, Marghoob AA, Chen CS, Lieb JA, Weinstock MA, Halpern AC. Dermoscopic patterns and subclinical melanocytic nests in normal-appearing skin. Br J Dermatol 2009; 160:1318-21. [PMID: 19416274 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermoscopic patterns of normal-appearing skin have received little scrutiny. We have recently completed an analysis of dermoscopic patterns of naevi in children. OBJECTIVES To describe dermoscopic patterns in the normal-appearing skin surrounding naevi and to explore histological features of patterned background skin. METHODS Dermoscopic images of back naevi were obtained from a population-based sample of fifth grade students. The dermoscopic pattern of the background skin around the naevi was analysed. We examined histopathological features of background skin patterns in a convenience sample of seven specimens from six adult patients. RESULTS We observed a dermoscopic pattern in the background of normal-appearing skin in 41% of 1192 dermoscopic images from the backs of the 443 children. The background skin pattern was less frequent in individuals with a fair skin (P < 0.001). A globular pattern was observed in 201 images (17%) and a reticular pattern was seen in 287 images (24%), of which 112 images also showed globules. Inter-rater reliability between the two observers for a random sample of 100 images was excellent (kappa = 0.77). In four specimens with a globular background pattern, microscopic melanocytic nests were observed in the normal-appearing skin. No subclinical naevus nests were observed in three reticular pattern specimens. CONCLUSIONS Dermoscopically recognized patterns are commonly present in clinically normal skin of children. Microscopic melanocytic nests may be observed in normal-appearing skin with a globular skin pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scope
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10022, USA
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47
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Wang YF, Chen CS, Girdaukas G, Sih CJ. Extending the applicability of esterases of low enantioselectivity in asymmetric synthesis. Ciba Found Symp 2008; 111:128-45. [PMID: 3848376 DOI: 10.1002/9780470720929.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A strategy for expanding the applicability of esterases of low enantioselectivity for asymmetric synthesis is described. This concept is generally applicable to biochemical processes involving enantiotopic group differentiation. Quantitative expressions have been derived to permit the prediction of enantiomeric excess and the optimization of optical and chemical yields.
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48
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Abstract
Neuro-ophthalmological manifestations in moyamoya disease are usually the result of cerebrovascular involvement of the visual pathways. We report a case of ischemic optic neuropathy due to ocular hypoperfusion as a result of moyamoya disease, despite a prior internal to external carotid artery bypass with normal hemisphere perfusion. The blood supply of the optic nerve, a proposed pathogenesis of an anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and complications of the ocular ischemic syndrome are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chen
- Department of Neuro Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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49
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Abstract
A 31-year-old woman with a prior history of Wyburn-Mason syndrome, complicated previously by a left thalamic intracerebral hemorrhage at age 21, complained of sudden left vision loss due to a central retinal vein occlusion. Angiography revealed a left thyroid arterio-venous malformation (AVM) in addition to ones found intracerebrally. The pathogenesis and embryogenesis of this finding including the management of AVMs in Wyburn-Mason syndrome are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Lee
- Department of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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50
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To K, Zhao Y, Jiang H, Hu K, Wang M, Wu J, Lee C, Yokom DW, Stratford AL, Klinge U, Mertens PR, Chen CS, Bally M, Yapp D, Dunn SE. The Phosphoinositide-Dependent Kinase-1 Inhibitor 2-Amino-N-[4-[5-(2-phenanthrenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]-acetamide (OSU-03012) Prevents Y-Box Binding Protein-1 from Inducing Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2007; 72:641-52. [PMID: 17595327 DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.036111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is integral to basal-like and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her-2)-overexpressing breast cancers. Such tumors are associated with poor prognosis, the majority of which express high levels of EGFR. We reported that EGFR expression is induced by the oncogenic transcription factor Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) that occurs in a manner dependent on phosphorylation by Akt. Herein, we questioned whether blocking Akt with 2-amino-N-[4-[5-(2-phenanthrenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]phenyl]-acetamide (OSU-03012), a phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK-1) small-molecule inhibitor, could prevent YB-1 from binding to the EGFR promoter. MDA-MB-468 and SUM 149 are basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) cells that were used for our studies because they express high levels of activated PDK-1, YB-1, and EGFR compared with the immortalized breast epithelial cell line 184htrt. In these cell lines, YB-1 preferentially bound to the -1 kilobase of the EGFR promoter, whereas this did not occur in the 184htrt cells based on chromatin immunoprecipitation. When the cells were exposed to OSU-03012 for 6 h, YB-1/EGFR promoter binding was significantly attenuated. To further confirm this observation, gel-shift assays showed that the drug inhibits YB-1/EGFR promoter binding. The inhibitory effect of OSU-03012 on EGFR was also observed at the mRNA and protein levels. OSU-03012 ultimately inhibited the growth of BLBC in monolayer and soft agar coordinate with the induction of apoptosis using an Array-Scan VTI high-content screening system. Furthermore, OSU-03012 inhibited the expression of EGFR by 48% in tumor xenografts derived from MDA-MB-435/Her-2 cells. This correlated with loss of YB-1 binding to the EGFR promoter. Hence, we find that OSU-03012 inhibits YB-1 resulting in a loss of EGFR expression in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K To
- Laboratory for Oncogenomic Research, Department of Pediatrics, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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