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Drotar DM, Mojica-Avila AK, Bloss DT, Cohrs CM, Manson CT, Posgai AL, Williams MD, Brusko MA, Phelps EA, Wasserfall CH, Speier S, Atkinson MA. Impaired islet function with normal exocrine enzyme secretion is consistent across the head, body, and tail pancreas regions in type 1 diabetes. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.08.579175. [PMID: 38405840 PMCID: PMC10888906 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.08.579175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Histopathological heterogeneity in human pancreas has been well documented; however, functional evidence at the tissue level is scarce. Herein we investigated in situ glucose-stimulated islet and carbachol-stimulated acinar cell secretion across the pancreas head (PH), body (PB), and tail (PT) regions in no diabetes (ND, n=15), single islet autoantibody-positive (1AAb+, n=7), and type 1 diabetes donors (T1D, <14 months duration, n=5). Insulin, glucagon, pancreatic amylase, lipase, and trypsinogen secretion along with 3D tissue morphometrical features were comparable across the regions in ND. In T1D, insulin secretion and beta-cell volume were significantly reduced within all regions, while glucagon and enzymes were unaltered. Beta-cell volume was lower despite normal insulin secretion in 1AAb+, resulting in increased volume-adjusted insulin secretion versus ND. Islet and acinar cell secretion in 1AAb+ were consistent across PH, PB and PT. This study supports low inter-regional variation in pancreas slice function and potentially, increased metabolic demand in 1AAb+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise M. Drotar
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ana Karen Mojica-Avila
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Drew T. Bloss
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Christian M. Cohrs
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cameron T. Manson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Amanda L. Posgai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - MacKenzie D. Williams
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Maigan A. Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Edward A. Phelps
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Clive H. Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Stephan Speier
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mark A. Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL USA
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Cohrs CM, Chen C, Atkinson MA, Drotar DM, Speier S. Bridging the Gap: Pancreas Tissue Slices From Organ and Tissue Donors for the Study of Diabetes Pathogenesis. Diabetes 2024; 73:11-22. [PMID: 38117999 PMCID: PMC10784654 DOI: 10.2337/dbi20-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, increased availability of human pancreatic tissues has allowed for major expansions in our understanding of islet biology in health and disease. Indeed, studies of fixed and frozen pancreatic tissues, as well as efforts using viable isolated islets obtained from organ donors, have provided significant insights toward our understanding of diabetes. However, the procedures associated with islet isolation result in distressed cells that have been removed from any surrounding influence. The pancreas tissue slice technology was developed as an in situ approach to overcome certain limitations associated with studies on isolated islets or fixed tissue. In this Perspective, we discuss the value of this novel platform and review how pancreas tissue slices, within a short time, have been integrated in numerous studies of rodent and human islet research. We show that pancreas tissue slices allow for investigations in a less perturbed organ tissue environment, ranging from cellular processes, over peri-islet modulations, to tissue interactions. Finally, we discuss the considerations and limitations of this technology in its future applications. We believe the pancreas tissue slices will help bridge the gap between studies on isolated islets and cells to the systemic conditions by providing new insight into physiological and pathophysiological processes at the organ level. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS Human pancreas tissue slices represent a novel platform to study human islet biology in close to physiological conditions. Complementary to established technologies, such as isolated islets, single cells, and histological sections, pancreas tissue slices help bridge our understanding of islet physiology and pathophysiology from single cell to intact organ. Diverse sources of viable human pancreas tissue, each with distinct characteristics to be considered, are available to use in tissue slices for the study of diabetes pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M. Cohrs
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chunguang Chen
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mark A. Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL
| | - Denise M. Drotar
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL
| | - Stephan Speier
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Munich at the University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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3
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Breunig M, Merkle J, Wagner M, Melzer MK, Barth TFE, Engleitner T, Krumm J, Wiedenmann S, Cohrs CM, Perkhofer L, Jain G, Krüger J, Hermann PC, Schmid M, Madácsy T, Varga Á, Griger J, Azoitei N, Müller M, Wessely O, Robey PG, Heller S, Dantes Z, Reichert M, Günes C, Bolenz C, Kuhn F, Maléth J, Speier S, Liebau S, Sipos B, Kuster B, Seufferlein T, Rad R, Meier M, Hohwieler M, Kleger A. Modeling plasticity and dysplasia of pancreatic ductal organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:1105-1124.e19. [PMID: 33915078 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Personalized in vitro models for dysplasia and carcinogenesis in the pancreas have been constrained by insufficient differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into the exocrine pancreatic lineage. Here, we differentiate hPSCs into pancreatic duct-like organoids (PDLOs) with morphological, transcriptional, proteomic, and functional characteristics of human pancreatic ducts, further maturing upon transplantation into mice. PDLOs are generated from hPSCs inducibly expressing oncogenic GNAS, KRAS, or KRAS with genetic covariance of lost CDKN2A and from induced hPSCs derived from a McCune-Albright patient. Each oncogene causes a specific growth, structural, and molecular phenotype in vitro. While transplanted PDLOs with oncogenic KRAS alone form heterogenous dysplastic lesions or cancer, KRAS with CDKN2A loss develop dedifferentiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. In contrast, transplanted PDLOs with mutant GNAS lead to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia-like structures. Conclusively, PDLOs enable in vitro and in vivo studies of pancreatic plasticity, dysplasia, and cancer formation from a genetically defined background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Breunig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jessica Merkle
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael K Melzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany; Department of Urology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Engleitner
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research and Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Krumm
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sandra Wiedenmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany; Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Perkhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gaurav Jain
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research and Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Krüger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patrick C Hermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmid
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamara Madácsy
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Momentum Epithelial Cell Signalling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Varga
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Momentum Epithelial Cell Signalling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Joscha Griger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research and Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ninel Azoitei
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Pamela G Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sandra Heller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Zahra Dantes
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Reichert
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Florian Kuhn
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - József Maléth
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; MTA-SZTE Momentum Epithelial Cell Signalling and Secretion Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; HCEMM-SZTE Molecular Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Liebau
- Institute of Neuroanatomy & Developmental Biology (INDB), Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bence Sipos
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Center for Translational Cancer Research and Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Meike Hohwieler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander Kleger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
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4
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Buitinga M, Cohrs CM, Eter WA, Claessens-Joosten L, Frielink C, Bos D, Sandker G, Brom M, Speier S, Gotthardt M. Noninvasive Monitoring of Glycemia-Induced Regulation of GLP-1R Expression in Murine and Human Islets of Langerhans. Diabetes 2020; 69:2246-2252. [PMID: 32843570 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) imaging with radiolabeled exendin has proven to be a powerful tool to quantify β-cell mass (BCM) in vivo. As GLP-1R expression is thought to be influenced by glycemic control, we examined the effect of blood glucose (BG) levels on GLP-1R-mediated exendin uptake in both murine and human islets and its implications for BCM quantification. Periods of hyperglycemia significantly reduced exendin uptake in murine and human islets, which was paralleled by a reduction in GLP-1R expression. Detailed mapping of the tracer uptake and insulin and GLP-1R expression conclusively demonstrated that the observed reduction in tracer uptake directly correlates to GLP-1R expression levels. Importantly, the linear correlation between tracer uptake and β-cell area was maintained in spite of the reduced GLP-1R expression levels. Subsequent normalization of BG levels restored absolute tracer uptake and GLP-1R expression in β-cells and the observed loss in islet volume was halted. This manuscript emphasizes the potency of nuclear imaging techniques to monitor receptor regulation noninvasively. Our findings have significant implications for clinical practice, indicating that BG levels should be near-normalized for at least 3 weeks prior to GLP-1R agonist treatment or quantitative radiolabeled exendin imaging for BCM analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wael A Eter
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cathelijne Frielink
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Desirée Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Sandker
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Brom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Gotthardt
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Panzer JK, Hiller H, Cohrs CM, Almaça J, Enos SJ, Beery M, Cechin S, Drotar DM, Weitz JR, Santini J, Huber MK, Muhammad Fahd Qadir M, Pastori RL, Domínguez-Bendala J, Phelps EA, Atkinson MA, Pugliese A, Caicedo A, Kusmartseva I, Speier S. Pancreas tissue slices from organ donors enable in situ analysis of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134525. [PMID: 32324170 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In type 1 diabetes (T1D), autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells leads to insulin deficiency and loss of glycemic control. However, knowledge about human pancreas pathophysiology in T1D remains incomplete. To address this limitation, we established a pancreas tissue slice platform of donor organs with and without diabetes, facilitating the first live cell studies of human pancreas in T1D pathogenesis to our knowledge. We show that pancreas tissue slices from organ donors allow thorough assessment of processes critical for disease development, including insulin secretion, β cell physiology, endocrine cell morphology, and immune infiltration within the same donor organ. Using this approach, we compared detailed pathophysiological profiles for 4 pancreata from donors with T1D with 19 nondiabetic control donors. We demonstrate that β cell loss, β cell dysfunction, alterations of β cell physiology, and islet infiltration contributed differently to individual cases of T1D, allowing insight into pathophysiology and heterogeneity of T1D pathogenesis. Thus, our study demonstrates that organ donor pancreas tissue slices represent a promising and potentially novel approach in the search for successful prevention and reversal strategies of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Panzer
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Hiller
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joana Almaça
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, and
| | - Stephen J Enos
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria Beery
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sirlene Cechin
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Denise M Drotar
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - John R Weitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, and
| | - Jorge Santini
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mollie K Huber
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mirza Muhammad Fahd Qadir
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and
| | - Ricardo L Pastori
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Juan Domínguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and
| | - Edward A Phelps
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alberto Pugliese
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, and.,Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alejandro Caicedo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, and
| | - Irina Kusmartseva
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
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6
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Abstract
Studies on islet of Langerhans physiology are crucial to understand the role of the endocrine pancreas in diabetes pathogenesis and the development of new therapeutic approaches. However, so far most research addressing islet of Langerhans biology relies on islets obtained via enzymatic isolation from the pancreas, which is known to cause mechanical and chemical stress, thus having a major impact on islet cell physiology. To circumvent the limitations of islet isolation, we have pioneered a platform for the study of islet physiology using the pancreas tissue slice technique. This approach allows to explore the detailed three-dimensional morphology of intact pancreatic tissue at a cellular level and to investigate islet cell function under near-physiological conditions. The described procedure is less damaging and faster than alternative approaches and particularly advantageous for studying infiltrated and structurally damaged islets. Furthermore, pancreas tissue slices have proven valuable for acute studies of endocrine as well as exocrine cell physiology in their conserved natural environment. We here provide a detailed protocol for the preparation of mouse pancreas tissue slices, the assessment of slice viability, and the study of pancreas cell physiology by hormone secretion and immunofluorescence staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Panzer
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany. .,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
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7
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Abstract
Noninvasive in vivo imaging techniques are attractive tools to longitudinally study various aspects of islet of Langerhans physiology and pathophysiology. Unfortunately, most imaging modalities currently applicable for clinical use do not allow the comprehensive investigation of islet cell biology due to limitations in resolution and/or sensitivity, while high-resolution imaging technologies like laser scanning microscopy (LSM) lack the penetration depth to assess islets of Langerhans within the pancreas. Significant progress in this area was made by the combination of LSM with the anterior chamber of the mouse eye platform, utilizing the cornea as a natural body window to study cell physiology of transplanted islets of Langerhans. We here describe the transplantation and longitudinal in vivo imaging of islets of Langerhans in the anterior chamber of the mouse eye as a versatile tool to study different features of islet physiology in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chunguang Chen
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.
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Chen C, Cohrs CM, Stertmann J, Bozsak R, Speier S. Human beta cell mass and function in diabetes: Recent advances in knowledge and technologies to understand disease pathogenesis. Mol Metab 2017; 6:943-957. [PMID: 28951820 PMCID: PMC5605733 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma insulin levels are predominantly the product of the morphological mass of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and the functional status of each of these beta cells. Thus, deficiency in either beta cell mass or function, or both, can lead to insufficient levels of insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia and diabetes. Nonetheless, the precise contribution of beta cell mass and function to the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the past, this was largely due to the restricted number of technologies suitable for studying the scarcely accessible human beta cells. However, in recent years, a number of new platforms have been established to expand the available techniques and to facilitate deeper insight into the role of human beta cell mass and function as cause for diabetes and as potential treatment targets. Scope of Review This review discusses the current knowledge about contribution of human beta cell mass and function to different stages of type 1 and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis. Furthermore, it highlights standard and newly developed technological platforms for the study of human beta cell biology, which can be used to increase our understanding of beta cell mass and function in human glucose homeostasis. Major Conclusions In contrast to early disease models, recent studies suggest that in type 1 and type 2 diabetes impairment of beta cell function is an early feature of disease pathogenesis while a substantial decrease in beta cell mass occurs more closely to clinical manifestation. This suggests that, in addition to beta cell mass replacement for late stage therapies, the development of novel strategies for protection and recovery of beta cell function could be most promising for successful diabetes treatment and prevention. The use of today's developing and wide range of technologies and platforms for the study of human beta cells will allow for a more detailed investigation of the underlying mechanisms and will facilitate development of treatment approaches to specifically target human beta cell mass and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Chen
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Stertmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert Bozsak
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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9
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Kemter E, Cohrs CM, Schäfer M, Schuster M, Steinmeyer K, Wolf-van Buerck L, Wolf A, Wuensch A, Kurome M, Kessler B, Zakhartchenko V, Loehn M, Ivashchenko Y, Seissler J, Schulte AM, Speier S, Wolf E. INS-eGFP transgenic pigs: a novel reporter system for studying maturation, growth and vascularisation of neonatal islet-like cell clusters. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1152-1156. [PMID: 28315950 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kemter
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Centre for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schäfer
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Schuster
- Diabetes Center-Medical Clinic Campus Innenstadt, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Steinmeyer
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lelia Wolf-van Buerck
- Diabetes Center-Medical Clinic Campus Innenstadt, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Wolf
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Annegret Wuensch
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mayuko Kurome
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Kessler
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Valeri Zakhartchenko
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Loehn
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yuri Ivashchenko
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Diabetes Center-Medical Clinic Campus Innenstadt, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anke M Schulte
- Diabetes Division, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Centre for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Centre, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
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Cohrs CM, Chen C, Jahn SR, Stertmann J, Chmelova H, Weitz J, Bähr A, Klymiuk N, Steffen A, Ludwig B, Kamvissi V, Wolf E, Bornstein SR, Solimena M, Speier S. Vessel Network Architecture of Adult Human Islets Promotes Distinct Cell-Cell Interactions In Situ and Is Altered After Transplantation. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1373-1385. [PMID: 28324008 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Islet-cell hormone release is modulated by signals from endothelial and endocrine cells within the islet. However, models of intraislet vascularization and paracrine cell signaling are mostly based on the rodent pancreas. We assessed the architecture and endocrine cell interaction of the vascular network in unperturbed human islets in situ and their potential to re-establish their endogenous vascular network after transplantation in vivo. We prepared slices of fresh pancreas tissue obtained from nondiabetic patients undergoing partial pancreatectomy. In addition, we transplanted human donor islets into the anterior chamber of the mouse eye. Next, we performed three-dimensional in situ and in vivo imaging of islet cell and vessel architecture at cellular resolution and compared our findings with mouse and porcine islets. Our data reveal a significantly different vascular architecture with decreased vessel diameter, reduced vessel branching, and shortened total vessel network in human compared with mouse islets. Together with the distinct cellular arrangement in human islets, this limits β to endothelial cell interactions, facilitates connection of α and β cells, and promotes the formation of independent β-cell clusters within islets. Furthermore, our results show that the endogenous vascular network of islets is significantly altered after transplantation in a donor age-related mechanism. Thus, our study provides insight into the vascular architecture and cellular arrangement of human islets with apparent consequences for intercellular islet signaling. Moreover, our findings suggest that human islet engraftment after transplantation can be improved by using alternative, less mature islet-cell sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Chunguang Chen
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan R Jahn
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Stertmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Helena Chmelova
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of GI, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Bähr
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Nikolai Klymiuk
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Anja Steffen
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Ludwig
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Virginia Kamvissi
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, SE19NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, SE19NH London, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Chen C, Chmelova H, Cohrs CM, Chouinard JA, Jahn SR, Stertmann J, Uphues I, Speier S. Alterations in β-Cell Calcium Dynamics and Efficacy Outweigh Islet Mass Adaptation in Compensation of Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes Onset. Diabetes 2016; 65:2676-85. [PMID: 27207518 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Emerging insulin resistance is normally compensated by increased insulin production of pancreatic β-cells, thereby maintaining normoglycemia. However, it is unclear whether this is achieved by adaptation of β-cell function, mass, or both. Most importantly, it is still unknown which of these adaptive mechanisms fail when type 2 diabetes develops. We performed longitudinal in vivo imaging of β-cell calcium dynamics and islet mass of transplanted islets of Langerhans throughout diet-induced progression from normal glucose homeostasis, through compensation of insulin resistance, to prediabetes. The results show that compensation of insulin resistance is predominated by alterations of β-cell function, while islet mass only gradually expands. Hereby, functional adaptation is mediated by increased calcium efficacy, which involves Epac signaling. Prior to prediabetes, β-cell function displays decreased stimulated calcium dynamics, whereas islet mass continues to increase through prediabetes onset. Thus, our data reveal a predominant role of islet function with distinct contributions of triggering and amplifying pathway in the in vivo processes preceding diabetes onset. These findings support protection and recovery of β-cell function as primary goals for prevention and treatment of diabetes and provide insight into potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Chen
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helena Chmelova
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julie A Chouinard
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan R Jahn
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Stertmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ingo Uphues
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Research Foundation-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Chmelova H, Cohrs CM, Chouinard JA, Petzold C, Kuhn M, Chen C, Roeder I, Kretschmer K, Speier S. Distinct roles of β-cell mass and function during type 1 diabetes onset and remission. Diabetes 2015; 64:2148-60. [PMID: 25605805 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cure of type 1 diabetes (T1D) by immune intervention at disease onset depends on the restoration of insulin secretion by endogenous β-cells. However, little is known about the potential of β-cell mass and function to recover after autoimmune attack ablation. Using a longitudinal in vivo imaging approach, we show how functional status and mass of β-cells adapt in response to the onset and remission of T1D. We demonstrate that infiltration reduces β-cell mass prior to onset and, together with emerging hyperglycemia, affects β-cell function. After immune intervention, persisting hyperglycemia prevents functional recovery but promotes β-cell mass increase in mouse islets. When blood glucose levels return to normoglycemia β-cell mass expansion stops, and subsequently glucose tolerance recovers in combination with β-cell function. Similar to mouse islets, human islets exhibit cell exhaustion and recovery in response to transient hyperglycemia. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on human islet mass increase is minor and transient. Our data demonstrate a major role of functional exhaustion and recovery of β-cells during T1D onset and remission. Therefore, these findings support early intervention therapy for individuals with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Chmelova
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian M Cohrs
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Julie A Chouinard
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Cathleen Petzold
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Kuhn
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chunguang Chen
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingo Roeder
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karsten Kretschmer
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
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Sabrautzki S, Rubio-Aliaga I, Hans W, Fuchs H, Rathkolb B, Calzada-Wack J, Cohrs CM, Klaften M, Seedorf H, Eck S, Benet-Pagès A, Favor J, Esposito I, Strom TM, Wolf E, Lorenz-Depiereux B, Hrabĕ de Angelis M. Erratum to: New mouse models for metabolic bone diseases generated by genome-wide ENU mutagenesis. Mamm Genome 2014. [PMCID: PMC4714016 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chen C, Chouinard JA, Cohrs CM, Speier S. In vivo kinetics of islet compensation and dysfunction in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chmelova H, Cohrs CM, Chouinard JA, Petzold C, Kretschmer K, Speier S. Functional and morphological beta cell plasticity after arrest of autoimmune diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Thiele F, Cohrs CM, Przemeck GKH, Wurst W, Fuchs H, Hrabé de Angelis M. In vitro analysis of bone phenotypes in Col1a1 and Jagged1 mutant mice using a standardized osteoblast cell culture system. J Bone Miner Metab 2013; 31:293-303. [PMID: 23371561 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-012-0421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The mouse is a valuable model organism for studying bone biology and for unravelling pathological processes in skeletal disorders. In vivo methods like X-ray analysis, DXA measurements, pQCT and μCT are available to investigate the bone phenotype of mutant mice. However, the descriptive nature of such methods does not provide insights into the cellular and molecular bases of the observed bone alterations. Thus, first-line investigations might be complemented by cell culture-based methods to characterize the pathological processes at the cellular level independent from systemic influences. By combining well-established assays, we designed a comprehensive test system to investigate the cellular and molecular phenotype of primary calvarial osteoblasts in mutant mice compared to wild-type controls as a first-line phenotyping method. The compilation of 9 different quantifiable assays allows assessment of general properties of cell growth and investigation of bone-specific parameters at the functional, protein and RNA level in a kinetic fashion throughout a 3-week culture period, thus maximizing the chance to discover and explain new phenotypes in mutant mice. By analyzing mutant mouse lines for Col1a1 and Jag1 (Delta-Notch pathway) that both showed clear alterations in several bone-related parameters we could demonstrate the usefulness of our cell culture system to discriminate between primary (Col1a1) and secondary effects (Jag1) in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thiele
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
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Ermolayev V, Cohrs CM, Mohajerani P, Ale A, Hrabé de Angelis M, Ntziachristos V. Ex-vivo assessment and non-invasive in vivo imaging of internal hemorrhages in Aga2/+ mutant mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 432:389-93. [PMID: 23333738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in type I collagen genes (COL1A1/2) typically lead to Osteogenesis imperfecta, the most common heritable cause of skeletal fractures and bone deformation in humans. Heterozygous Col1a1(Aga2/+), animals with a dominant mutation in the terminal C-propeptide domain of type I collagen develop typical skeletal hallmarks and internal hemorrhages starting from 6 day after birth. The disease progression for Aga2/+ mice, however, is not uniform differing between severe phenotype lethal at the 6-11th day of life, and moderate-to-severe one with survival to adulthood. Herein we investigated whether a new modality that combines X-ray computer tomography with fluorescence tomography in one hybrid system can be employed to study internal bleedings in relation to bone fractures and obtain insights into disease progression. The disease phenotype was characterized on Aga2/+ vs. wild type mice between 6 and 9 days postnatal. Anatomical and functional findings obtained in-vivo were contrasted to the ex-vivo appearance of the same tissues under cryo-slicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ermolayev
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Building 56, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Thiele F, Cohrs CM, Flor A, Lisse TS, Przemeck GKH, Horsch M, Schrewe A, Gailus-Durner V, Ivandic B, Katus HA, Wurst W, Reisenberg C, Chaney H, Fuchs H, Hans W, Beckers J, Marini JC, Hrabé de Angelis M. Cardiopulmonary dysfunction in the Osteogenesis imperfecta mouse model Aga2 and human patients are caused by bone-independent mechanisms. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 21:3535-45. [PMID: 22589248 PMCID: PMC3406754 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited connective tissue disorder with skeletal dysplasia of varying severity, predominantly caused by mutations in the collagen I genes (COL1A1/COL1A2). Extraskeletal findings such as cardiac and pulmonary complications are generally considered to be significant secondary features. Aga2, a murine model for human OI, was systemically analyzed in the German Mouse Clinic by means of in vivo and in vitro examinations of the cardiopulmonary system, to identify novel mechanisms accounting for perinatal lethality. Pulmonary and, especially, cardiac fibroblast of perinatal lethal Aga2/+ animals display a strong down-regulation of Col1a1 transcripts in vivo and in vitro, resulting in a loss of extracellular matrix integrity. In addition, dysregulated gene expression of Nppa, different types of collagen and Agt in heart and lung tissue support a bone-independent vicious cycle of heart dysfunction, including hypertrophy, loss of myocardial matrix integrity, pulmonary hypertension, pneumonia and hypoxia leading to death in Aga2. These murine findings are corroborated by a pediatric OI cohort study, displaying significant progressive decline in pulmonary function and restrictive pulmonary disease independent of scoliosis. Most participants show mild cardiac valvular regurgitation, independent of pulmonary and skeletal findings. Data obtained from human OI patients and the mouse model Aga2 provide novel evidence for primary effects of type I collagen mutations on the heart and lung. The findings will have potential benefits of anticipatory clinical exams and early intervention in OI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Thiele
- Institute of Virology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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