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Choron RL, Teichman A, Bargoud C, Sciarretta JD, Smith R, Hanos D, Afif IN, Beard JH, Dhillon NK, Zhang A, Ghneim M, Devasahayam RJ, Gunter OL, Smith AA, Sun B, Cao CS, Reynolds JK, Hilt LA, Holena DN, Chang G, Jonikas M, Echeverria-Rosario K, Fung NS, Anderson A, Dumas RP, Fitzgerald CA, Levin JH, Trankiem CT, Yoon J, Blank J, Hazelton JP, McLaughlin CJ, Al-Aref R, Kirsch JM, Howard DS, Scantling DR, Dellonte K, Vella M, Hopkins B, Shell C, Udekwu PO, Wong EG, Joseph B, Lieberman H, Ramsey WA, Stewart CH, Alvarez C, Berne JD, Nahmias J, Puente I, Patton JH, Rakitin I, Perea L, Pulido O, Ahmed H, Keating J, Kodadek LM, Wade J, Henry R, Schreiber MA, Benjamin AJ, Khan A, Mann LK, Mentzer CJ, Mousafeiris V, Mulita F, Reid-Gruner S, Sais E, Foote C, Palacio CH, Argandykov D, Kaafarani H, Coyle S, Macor M, Bover Manderski MT, Narayan M, Seamon MJ. Outcomes Among Trauma Patients with Duodenal Leak Following Primary vs Complex Repair of Duodenal Injuries: An EAST Multicenter Trial. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023:01586154-990000000-00340. [PMID: 37072889 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duodenal leak is a feared complication of repair and innovative, complex repairs with adjunctive measures(CRAM) were developed to decrease both leak occurrence and severity when leaks occur. Data on the association of CRAM and duodenal leak is sparse and its impact on duodenal leak outcomes nonexistent. We hypothesized primary repair alone (PRA) would be associated with decreased duodenal leak rates, however CRAM would be associated with improved recovery and outcomes when leaks do occur. METHODS A retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 Level-1 trauma centers included patients older than 14 with operative, traumatic duodenal injuries(1/2010-12/2020). The study sample compared duodenal operative repair strategy: primary repair alone(PRA) vs CRAM(any repair plus pyloric exclusion, gastrojejunostomy, triple tube drainage, duodenectomy). RESULTS The sample(n = 861) was primarily young(33 years) male(84%) with penetrating injuries(77%); 523 underwent PRA and 338 underwent CRAM. CRAM were more critically injured than PRA and had higher leak rates(CRAM 21% vs PRA 8%, p < 0.001). Adverse outcomes were more common after CRAM with more IR drains, prolonged NPO and LOS, greater mortality, and more readmissions than PRA(all p < 0.05). Importantly, CRAM had no positive impact on leak recovery; there was no difference in number of operations, drain duration, NPO duration, need for IR drainage, HLOS, or mortality between PRA leak vs CRAM leak patients(all p > 0.05). CRAM leaks had longer antibiotic duration, more GI complications, and longer duration until leak resolution(all p < 0.05). PRA was associated with 60% lower odds of leak, whereas injury grade II-IV, damage control, and BMI had higher odds of leak(all p < 0.05). There were no leaks among patients with grade IV-V injuries repaired by PRA. CONCLUSIONS CRAM did not prevent duodenal leaks and moreover, did not reduce adverse sequelae when leaks did occur. Our results suggest CRAM is not a protective operative duodenal repair strategy and PRA should be pursued for all injury grades when feasible. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, Multicenter retrospective comparative study.
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Park D, Sawin Y, Niemierko A, Foote C, Irwin K, Russo A. Understanding Anxiety in Patients Receiving Vaginal Brachytherapy for Endometrial Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chen B, Chen C, Hu J, Sayeed Z, Qi J, Darwiche HF, Little BE, Lou S, Darwish M, Foote C, Palacio-Lascano C. Computer Vision and Machine Learning-Based Gait Pattern Recognition for Flat Fall Prediction. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22207960. [PMID: 36298311 PMCID: PMC9612353 DOI: 10.3390/s22207960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gait recognition has been applied in the prediction of the probability of elderly flat ground fall, functional evaluation during rehabilitation, and the training of patients with lower extremity motor dysfunction. Gait distinguishing between seemingly similar kinematic patterns associated with different pathological entities is a challenge for the clinician. How to realize automatic identification and judgment of abnormal gait is a significant challenge in clinical practice. The long-term goal of our study is to develop a gait recognition computer vision system using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) computing. This study aims to find an optimal ML algorithm using computer vision techniques and measure variables from lower limbs to classify gait patterns in healthy people. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of computer vision and machine learning (ML) computing in discriminating different gait patterns associated with flat-ground falls. METHODS We used the Kinect® Motion system to capture the spatiotemporal gait data from seven healthy subjects in three walking trials, including normal gait, pelvic-obliquity-gait, and knee-hyperextension-gait walking. Four different classification methods including convolutional neural network (CNN), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks were used to automatically classify three gait patterns. Overall, 750 sets of data were collected, and the dataset was divided into 80% for algorithm training and 20% for evaluation. RESULTS The SVM and KNN had a higher accuracy than CNN and LSTM. The SVM (94.9 ± 3.36%) had the highest accuracy in the classification of gait patterns, followed by KNN (94.0 ± 4.22%). The accuracy of CNN was 87.6 ± 7.50% and that of LSTM 83.6 ± 5.35%. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the proposed AI machine learning (ML) techniques can be used to design gait biometric systems and machine vision for gait pattern recognition. Potentially, this method can be used to remotely evaluate elderly patients and help clinicians make decisions regarding disposition, follow-up, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chaoyang Chen
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zain Sayeed
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hussein F. Darwiche
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Bryan E. Little
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Shenna Lou
- South Texas Health System—McAllen Department of Trauma, McAllen, TX 78503, USA
| | - Muhammad Darwish
- South Texas Health System—McAllen Department of Trauma, McAllen, TX 78503, USA
| | - Christopher Foote
- South Texas Health System—McAllen Department of Trauma, McAllen, TX 78503, USA
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Soares R, Ramirez‐Perez F, Foote C, Morales‐Quinones M, Martinez‐Lemus L, Padilla J, Manrique‐Acevedo C. Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibition reduces arterial stiffness and improves endothelial function in a mouse model of aging. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rogerio Soares
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | - Christopher Foote
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | | | - Jaume Padilla
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Barlotta R, Foote C, Simhan J. Penile Prosthesis Salvage: Review of Past and Current Practices. Curr Sex Health Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-019-00209-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lee AS, Foote C, Simhan J. Multimodal pain management strategies in penile implant recipients. J Vis Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.21037/jovs.2019.07.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Carmen Tong CM, Lucas J, Shah A, Foote C, Simhan J. Author Reply to Editorial Comment on "Novel Multimodal Analgesia Protocol Significantly Decreases Opioid Requirements in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Patients". J Sex Med 2018; 15:1364-1365. [PMID: 30224023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching Man Carmen Tong
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob Lucas
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ankur Shah
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Foote
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jay Simhan
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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DiIenno N, Edwards DC, McGreen B, Levy J, Zheng H, Foote C, Nordsiek MF, Mapow B, May NR, Amster MI. Locally Metastatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate: A Therapeutic and Prognostic Dilemma. Urology 2018; 122:10-12. [PMID: 30171919 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole DiIenno
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daniel C Edwards
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Urology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Brian McGreen
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Urology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jason Levy
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Urology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hianqiao Zheng
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christopher Foote
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Beth Mapow
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Noah R May
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Urology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Melanie I Amster
- Hahnemann University Hospital, Department of Urology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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Tong CMC, Lucas J, Shah A, Foote C, Simhan J. Novel Multi-Modal Analgesia Protocol Significantly Decreases Opioid Requirements in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Patients. J Sex Med 2018; 15:1187-1194. [PMID: 30017719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery is associated with significant perioperative pain that may reduce patient satisfaction. Though various pain management strategies have been proposed, most implanters manage postoperative patients with only prescription opioids. No protocol to date has been implemented and reported for pain management in IPP patients throughout the entire recovery process following surgery. AIM Develop a multimodal analgesic (MMA) regimen consisting of perioperative administration of acetaminophen, meloxicam, and gabapentin with intraoperative local anesthetic injections, and compare post-operative pain control to a matched cohort of patients managed with an opioid-based (OB) regimen. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively maintained IPP database from November 2015-January 2018. The MMA protocol was instituted for all patients beginning June 2017, and these patients were matched in a 1:2 ratio to a cohort of eligible IPP patients managed through an OB protocol. Only patients receiving a 3-piece IPP were included; those with a history of narcotic dependence, neuropathy, or chronic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use were excluded. Postoperative pain scores (visual analog scale) and opioid usage (total morphine equivalents [TME] in milligrams) were compared temporally in the post-anesthesia care unit, postoperative day (POD) 0, POD 1, and following discharge. OUTCOMES The primary outcomes of the study are postoperative pain scores and narcotic usage. RESULTS 57 patients were eligible for analysis: 19 (33%) and 38 (66%) in the MMA and OB groups, respectively. Groups were similar in demographics. MMA patients had significantly lower visual analog scale scores in post-anesthesia care unit, POD 0, or POD 1 (mean 0.84 vs 2.97, P = .01; 2.62 vs 4.73, P = .003; and 2.26 vs 4.0, P = .01, respectively) and used fewer narcotics on POD 0 (mean 4.08 vs 13.8 mg TME, P < .001) and POD 1 (mean 5.05 vs 25.1 mg TME, P < .001). MMA patients were discharged home with fewer narcotics (mean 12.7 vs 51.3 tabs, P < .001), and despite this, the MMA group needed less narcotic medication refills (11% vs 49%, P = .007). Neither group experienced a medication-related postoperative adverse event. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Multimodal pain management allows for effective pain control with minimal side effects, enhancing recovery. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This is the first report to assess use of a multi-modal pain regimen on IPP recipients with demonstration of tangible benefit throughout the recovery process. Limitations include a single-surgeon and retrospective study design. CONCLUSION In our rigorous assessment of IPP patients, implementation of a novel MMA protocol achieved equivalent and effective pain control, while resulting in substantially fewer narcotics throughout the entire post-operative period following IPP implantation. Tong CMC, Lucas J, Shah A, et al. Novel Multi-Modal Analgesia Protocol Significantly Decreases Opioid Requirements in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Patients. J Sex Med 2018;15:1187-1194.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Man Carmen Tong
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacob Lucas
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ankur Shah
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Foote
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jay Simhan
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Urology/Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Lucas J, Tong C, Shah A, Foote C, Brennan M, Simhan J. MP32-13 NOVEL MULTIMODAL ANALGESIA (MMA) PROTOCOL SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASES POSTOPERATIVE OPIOID REQUIREMENTS IN INFLATABLE PENILE PROSTHESIS (IPP) PATIENTS. J Urol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Cahn
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Foote
- Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marc C Smaldone
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Foote C, Darimont CT, Baguette M, Blanchet S, Jacobus LM, Mazzi D, Settele J. BMC ecology image competition 2017: the winning images. BMC Ecol 2017; 17:28. [PMID: 28818045 PMCID: PMC5561582 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-017-0138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For the fifth year, BMC Ecology is proud to present the winning images from our annual image competition. The 2017 edition received entries by talented shutterbug-ecologists from across the world, showcasing research that is increasing our understanding of ecosystems worldwide and the beauty and diversity of life on our planet. In this editorial we showcase the winning images, as chosen by our Editorial Board and guest judge Chris Darimont, as well as our selection of highly commended images. Enjoy!
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris T Darimont
- Department of Geography, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Michel Baguette
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), UMR 7205, Paris, France
| | - Simon Blanchet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) & Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Luke M Jacobus
- Division of Science, Indiana University Purdue University Columbus (IUPUC), Columbus, USA
| | - Dominique Mazzi
- Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER, Agroscope, Research Division Plant Protection, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Josef Settele
- UFZ Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, 4031, Philippines
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Foote C. Annual acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers. BMC Res Notes 2016. [PMCID: PMC4791979 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-1958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Foote C. Annual acknowledgement of reviewers. BMC Evol Biol 2016. [PMCID: PMC4772449 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The editors of BMC Evolutionary Biology would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 15 (2015).
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Abstract
The editors of BMC Evolutionary Biology would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 14 (2014).
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Foote C, Henderson S, Reddy S, Horrow M, Leighton J, Cahn D, Diorio G, Bickell M, Ginsberg P, Metro M. Primary Ureteral Lymphoma Presenting with Acute Flank Pain. Curr Urol 2015. [PMID: 26195954 DOI: 10.1159/000365679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) represents 4% of newly diagnosed cancer in 2013 with a 59-82% 5-year survival depending on the tumor location. Primary presentation of lymphoma consists of lymphadenopathy or swelling of the lymph nodes and non-specific systemic symptoms such as fevers, night sweats, and weight loss. Less commonly, NHL arises from non-lymphoid tissue. We report a unique case of NHL arising from the ureteral wall which was visualized via non-contrast CT and direct vision through ureteroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shilpa Reddy
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mindy Horrow
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Leighton
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Cahn
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Greg Diorio
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Metro
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Staiculescu MC, Foote C, Martinez-Lemus LA. Mechanisms of the inward remodeling process in resistance vessels: is the actin cytoskeleton involved? Microcirculation 2015; 21:219-29. [PMID: 24635509 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The resistance arteries and arterioles are the vascular components of the circulatory system where the greatest drop in blood pressure takes place. Consequently, these vessels play a preponderant role in the regulation of blood flow and the modulation of blood pressure. For this reason, the inward remodeling process of the resistance vasculature, as it occurs in hypertension, has profound consequences on the incidence of life-threatening cardiovascular events. In this manuscript, we review some of the most prominent characteristics of inwardly remodeled resistance arteries including their changes in vascular passive diameter, wall thickness, and elastic properties. Then, we explore the known contribution of the different components of the vascular wall to the characteristics of inwardly remodeled vessels, and pay particular attention to the role the vascular smooth muscle actin cytoskeleton may play on the initial stages of the remodeling process. We end by proposing potential ways by which many of the factors and mechanisms known to participate in the inward remodeling process may be associated with cytoskeletal modifications and participate in reducing the passive diameter of resistance vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Castorena-Gonzalez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Foote C. Annual acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers. BMC Res Notes 2015. [PMCID: PMC4316653 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-0980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The editors of BMC Research Notes would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 7 (2014).
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Staiculescu MC, Foote C, Meininger GA, Martinez-Lemus LA. The role of reactive oxygen species in microvascular remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23792-835. [PMID: 25535075 PMCID: PMC4284792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The microcirculation is a portion of the vascular circulatory system that consists of resistance arteries, arterioles, capillaries and venules. It is the place where gases and nutrients are exchanged between blood and tissues. In addition the microcirculation is the major contributor to blood flow resistance and consequently to regulation of blood pressure. Therefore, structural remodeling of this section of the vascular tree has profound implications on cardiovascular pathophysiology. This review is focused on the role that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play on changing the structural characteristics of vessels within the microcirculation. Particular attention is given to the resistance arteries and the functional pathways that are affected by ROS in these vessels and subsequently induce vascular remodeling. The primary sources of ROS in the microcirculation are identified and the effects of ROS on other microcirculatory remodeling phenomena such as rarefaction and collateralization are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius C Staiculescu
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Christopher Foote
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Gerald A Meininger
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Ramirez-Perez FI, Schenewerk AL, Coffman KL, Foote C, Ji T, Rivera RM, Martinez-Lemus LA. Effects of the use of assisted reproductive technologies and an obesogenic environment on resistance artery function and diabetes biomarkers in mice offspring. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112651. [PMID: 25386661 PMCID: PMC4227714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity affects the incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in offspring. Also the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has been associated with cardiovascular deficiencies in offspring. Obese women often suffer from infertility and use ART to achieve a pregnancy, but the combined effects of maternal obesity and ART on cardiovascular health and incidence of diabetes in the offspring is not known. Here, we report the effects of the use of ART within an obesogenic environment, consisting of feeding a western diet (WD) to dams and offspring, on resistance artery function and presence of diabetes biomarkers in juvenile mice offspring. Our results indicate that WD and ART interacted to induce endothelial dysfunction in mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from 7-week-old mice offspring. This was determined by presence of a reduced acetylcholine-induced dilation compared to controls. The arteries from these WD-ART mice also had greater wall cross-sectional areas and wall to lumen ratios indicative of vascular hypertrophic remodeling. Of the diabetes biomarkers measured, only resistin was affected by a WD×ART interaction. Serum resistin was significantly greater in WD-ART offspring compared to controls. Diet and sex effects were observed in other diabetes biomarkers. Our conclusion is that in mice the use of ART within an obesogenic environment interacts to favor the development of endothelial dysfunction in the resistance arteries of juvenile offspring, while having marginal effects on diabetes biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco I. Ramirez-Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
| | - Angela L. Schenewerk
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
| | - Katy L. Coffman
- Department of Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
| | - Christopher Foote
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
| | - Tieming Ji
- Department of Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
| | - Rocio M. Rivera
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LAM); (RMR)
| | - Luis A. Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LAM); (RMR)
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Abstract
As part of BioMed Central's open science mission, we are pleased to announce that two of our journals have integrated with the open data repository Dryad. Authors submitting their research to either BMC Ecology or BMC Evolutionary Biology will now have the opportunity to deposit their data directly into the Dryad archive and will receive a permanent, citable link to their dataset. Although this does not affect any of our current data deposition policies at these journals, we hope to encourage a more widespread adoption of open data sharing in the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology by facilitating this process for our authors. We also take this opportunity to discuss some of the wider issues that may concern researchers when making their data openly available. Although we offer a number of positive examples from different fields of biology, we also recognise that reticence to data sharing still exists, and that change must be driven from within research communities in order to create future science that is fit for purpose in the digital age. This editorial was published jointly in both BMC Ecology and BMC Evolutionary Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amye Kenall
- BioMed Central, Floor 6, 236 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8HB, UK
| | - Simon Harold
- BioMed Central, Floor 6, 236 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8HB, UK
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Abstract
As part of BioMed Central's open science mission, we are pleased to announce that two of our journals have integrated with the open data repository Dryad. Authors submitting their research to either BMC Ecology or BMC Evolutionary Biology will now have the opportunity to deposit their data directly into the Dryad archive and will receive a permanent, citable link to their dataset. Although this does not affect any of our current data deposition policies at these journals, we hope to encourage a more widespread adoption of open data sharing in the fields of ecology and evolutionary biology by facilitating this process for our authors. We also take this opportunity to discuss some of the wider issues that may concern researchers when making their data openly available. Although we offer a number of positive examples from different fields of biology, we also recognise that reticence to data sharing still exists, and that change must be driven from within research communities in order to create future science that is fit for purpose in the digital age. This editorial was published jointly in both BMC Ecology and BMC Evolutionary Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amye Kenall
- BioMed Central, Floor 6, 236 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8HB, UK
| | - Simon Harold
- BioMed Central, Floor 6, 236 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8HB, UK
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Hanzly M, Aboumohamed A, Creighton T, Foote C, Mehedint D, Attwood K, Kauffman E, Schwaab T. PD10-07 ASYMPTOMATIC BRAIN METASTASIS FROM RENAL CELL CARCINOMA - ARE WE MISSING OUR WINDOW TO CURE? J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Foote C. Annual acknowledgement of reviewers. BMC Evol Biol 2014. [PMCID: PMC3905664 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Contributing reviewers The editors of BMC Evolutionary Biology would like to thank all our reviewers who have contributed to the journal in Volume 13 (2013).
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Foote C. Annual acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers. BMC Gastroenterol 2013. [PMCID: PMC3598985 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-13-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Contributing reviewers The editors of BMC Gastroenterology would like to thank all of the reviewers who contributed their time and efforts to the journal in volume 12 (2012).
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Abstract
Contributing reviewers The editors of BMC Clinical Pathology would like to thank all of the reviewers who have contributed to the journal in volume 12 (2012).
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Foote C. Annual acknowledgement of manuscript reviewers. BMC Oral Health 2013. [PMCID: PMC3599556 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Contributing reviewers
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Schenewerk AL, Ramírez FÍ, Foote C, Ji T, Martínez-Lemus LA, Rivera RM. Effects of the use of assisted reproduction and high-caloric diet consumption on body weight and cardiovascular health of juvenile mouse offspring. Reproduction 2013; 147:111-23. [PMID: 24163396 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity and the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are two suboptimal developmental environments that can lead to offspring obesity and cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that these environments independently and synergistically adversely affect the offspring's weight and cardiovascular performance at ~7 weeks of age. Mice were fed either 24% fat and 17.5% high-fructose (HF) corn syrup or maintenance chow (5% fat; low-fat, no-fructose (LF)). Dams were subdivided into no ART and ART groups. ART embryos were cultured in Whitten's medium and transferred into pseudopregnant recipients consuming the same diet as the donor. Offspring were fed the same diet as the mother. Body weights (BW) were measured weekly and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was collected through carotid artery catheterization at killing (55±0.5 days old). Expression of genes involved in cardiovascular remodeling was measured in thoracic aorta using qRT-PCR, and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured intracellularly and extracellularly in mesenteric resistance arteries. ART resulted in increased BW at weaning. This effect decreased over time and diet was the predominant determinant of BW by killing. Males had greater MAP than females (P=0.002) and HF consumption was associated with greater MAP regardless of sex (P<0.05). Gene expression was affected by sex (P<0.05) and diet (P<0.1). Lastly, the use of ART resulted in offspring with increased intracellular ROS (P=0.05). In summary, exposure to an obesogenic diet pre- and/or post-natally affects weight, MAP, and gene expression while ART increases oxidative stress in mesenteric resistance arteries of juvenile offspring, no synergistic effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Schenewerk
- Division of Animal Sciences, 164 Animal Science Research Center, University of Missouri, 920 East Campus Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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29
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Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Foote C, MacVittie K, Halámek J, Halámková L, Martinez-Lemus LA, Katz E. Biofuel Cell Operating in Vivo in Rat. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ramirez‐Perez FI, Schenewerk AL, Foote C, Zhao G, Rivera RM, Martinez‐Lemus LA. Mice Produced by the Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies from Dams Provided a High‐Fat and ‐Fructose Diet Have Reduced Arterial Vasodilation Responses to Acetylcholine. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco I. Ramirez‐Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Biological EngineeringUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | - Christopher Foote
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Guiling Zhao
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | - Luis A. Martinez‐Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Foote C, Ramirez‐Perez FI, Hill MA, Meininger GA, Martinez‐Lemus LA. Topical application of Serotonin + L‐NAME
in vivo
induces inward remodeling of the rat cremasteric 1A arteriole via a mechanism that is antagonized by the addition of cystamine, a competitive inhibitor of transglutaminase II. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Foote
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Francisco I. Ramirez‐Perez
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Michael A. Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Gerald A. Meininger
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Luis A. Martinez‐Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Foote C. Reviewer acknowledgements. BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord 2013. [PMCID: PMC3584669 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6815-13-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Foote C, Ninomiya T, Gallagher M, Perkovic V, Cass A, McDonald SP, Jardine M. Survival of elderly dialysis patients is predicted by both patient and practice characteristics. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27:3581-7. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Ong S, Foote C, Tan C. Mutations of DMYPT cause over constriction of contractile rings and ring canals during Drosophila germline cyst formation. Dev Biol 2010; 346:161-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Foote C, Nothwehr SF. The clathrin adaptor complex 1 directly binds to a sorting signal in Ste13p to reduce the rate of its trafficking to the late endosome of yeast. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 173:615-26. [PMID: 16702232 PMCID: PMC2063869 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200510161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Yeast trans-Golgi network (TGN) membrane proteins maintain steady-state localization by constantly cycling to and from endosomes. In this study, we examined the trafficking itinerary and molecular requirements for delivery of a model TGN protein A(F-->A)-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to the prevacuolar/endosomal compartment (PVC). A(F-->A)-ALP was found to reach the PVC via early endosomes (EEs) with a half-time of approximately 60 min. Delivery of A(F-->A)-ALP to the PVC was not dependent on either the GGA or adaptor protein 1 (AP-1) type of clathrin adaptors, which are thought to function in TGN to PVC and TGN to EE transport, respectively. Surprisingly, in cells lacking the function of both GGA and AP-1 adaptors, A(F-->A)-ALP transport to the PVC was dramatically accelerated. A 12-residue cytosolic domain motif of A(F-->A)-ALP was found to mediate direct binding to AP-1 and was sufficient to slow TGN-->EE-->PVC trafficking. These results suggest a model in which this novel sorting signal targets A(F-->A)-ALP into clathrin/AP-1 vesicles at the EE for retrieval back to the TGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Foote
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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37
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Slater JD, Lunn DP, Horohov DW, Antczak DF, Babiuk L, Breathnach C, Chang YW, Davis-Poynter N, Edington N, Ellis S, Foote C, Goehring L, Kohn CW, Kydd J, Matsumura T, Minke J, Morley P, Mumford J, Neubauer T, O'Callaghan D, Osterrieder K, Reed S, Smith K, Townsend H, van der Meulen K, Whalley M, Wilson WD. Report of the equine herpesvirus-1 Havermeyer Workshop, San Gimignano, Tuscany, June 2004. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2006; 111:3-13. [PMID: 16542736 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Amongst the infectious diseases that threaten equine health, herpesviral infections remain a world wide cause of serious morbidity and mortality. Equine herpesvirus-1 infection is the most important pathogen, causing an array of disorders including epidemic respiratory disease abortion, neonatal foal death, myeloencephalopathy and chorioretinopathy. Despite intense scientific investigation, extensive use of vaccination, and established codes of practice for control of disease outbreaks, infection and disease remain common. While equine herpesvirus-1 infection remains a daunting challenge for immunoprophylaxis, many critical advances in equine immunology have resulted in studies of this virus, particularly related to MHC-restricted cytotoxicity in the horse. A workshop was convened in San Gimignano, Tuscany, Italy in June 2004, to bring together clinical and basic researchers in the field of equine herpesvirus-1 study to discuss the latest advances and future prospects for improving our understanding of these diseases, and equine immunity to herpesviral infection. This report highlights the new information that was the focus of this workshop, and is intended to summarize this material and identify the critical questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Slater
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
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Johnston HD, Foote C, Santeford A, Nothwehr SF. Golgi-to-late endosome trafficking of the yeast pheromone processing enzyme Ste13p is regulated by a phosphorylation site in its cytosolic domain. Mol Biol Cell 2005; 16:1456-68. [PMID: 15647379 PMCID: PMC551507 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e04-07-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study addressed whether phosphorylation regulates trafficking of yeast membrane proteins that cycle between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomal system. The TGN membrane proteins A-ALP, a model protein containing the Ste13p cytosolic domain fused to alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and Kex2p were found to be phosphorylated in vivo. Mutation of the S13 residue on the cytosolic domain of A-ALP to Ala was found to block trafficking to the prevacuolar compartment (PVC), whereas a S13D mutation generated to mimic phosphorylation accelerated trafficking into the PVC. The S13 residue was shown by mass spectrometry to be phosphorylated. The rate of endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport of newly synthesized A(S13A)-ALP was indistinguishable from wild-type, indicating that the lack of transport of A(S13A)-ALP to the PVC was instead due to differences in Golgi/endosomal trafficking. The A(S13A)-ALP protein exhibited a TGN-like localization similar to that of wild-type A-ALP. Similarly, the S13A mutation in endogenous Ste13p did not reduce the extent of or longevity of its localization to the TGN as shown by alpha-factor processing assays. These results indicate that S13 phosphorylation is required for TGN-to-PVC trafficking of A-ALP and imply that phosphorylation of S13 may regulate recognition of A-ALP by vesicular trafficking machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly D Johnston
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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39
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O'Shea K, Foote C. Additions and Corrections - Quantitative Rearrangement of Monocyclic Endoperoxides to Furans Catalyzed by Co(II). J Org Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00287a600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate, a product of sphingomyelin degradation, is an important element of signal transduction pathways that regulate cell proliferation and cell death. We have demonstrated additional roles for sphingosine-1-phosphate in growth and multicellular development. The specific disruption in Dictyostelium discoideum of the sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase gene, which encodes the enzyme that catalyzes sphingosine-1-phosphate degradation, results in a mutant strain with aberrant morphogenesis, as well as an increase in viability during stationary phase. The absence of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase affects multiple stages throughout development, including the cytoskeletal architecture of aggregating cells, the ability to form migrating slugs, and the control of cell type-specific gene expression and terminal spore differentiation. This pleiotropic effect, which is due to the loss of sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase, establishes sphingolipids as pivotal regulatory molecules in a wide range of processes in multicellular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Li
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-7400, USA
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41
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Saba S, Feld G, Yang S, MacAdam D, Su W, Link MS, Homoud MK, Foote C, Estes NA, Wang PJ. Testing of a new real-time computer algorithm as an aid to pace mapping and entrainment with concealed fusion. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87:1301-5. [PMID: 11377362 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9149(01)01527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Saba
- Tufts University-New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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42
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Garcia MX, Foote C, van Es S, Devreotes PN, Alexander S, Alexander H. Differential developmental expression and cell type specificity of Dictyostelium catalases and their response to oxidative stress and UV-light. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1492:295-310. [PMID: 11004503 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cells of Dictyostelium discoideum are highly resistant to DNA damaging agents such as UV-light, gamma-radiation and chemicals. The genes encoding nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) enzymes are rapidly upregulated in response to UV-irradiation and DNA-damaging chemicals, suggesting that this is at least partially responsible for the resistance of this organism to these agents. Although Dictyostelium is also unusually resistant to high concentrations of H(2)O(2), little is known about the response of this organism to oxidative stress. To determine if transcriptional upregulation is a common mechanism for responding to DNA-damaging agents, we have studied the Dictyostelium catalase and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase antioxidant enzymes. We show that there are two catalase genes and that each is differentially regulated both temporally and spatially during multicellular development. The catA gene is expressed throughout growth and development and its corresponding enzyme is maintained at a steady level. In contrast, the catB gene encodes a larger protein and is only expressed during the final stages of morphogenesis. Cell type fractionation showed that the CatB enzyme is exclusively localized to the prespore cells and the CatA enzyme is found exclusively in the prestalk cells. Each enzyme has a different subcellular localization. The unique developmental timing and cell type distribution suggest that the role for catB in cell differentiation is to protect the dormant spores from oxidative damage. We found that exposure to H(2)O(2) does not result in the induction of the catalase, superoxide dismutase, NER or BER mRNAs. A mutant with greatly reduced levels of catA mRNA and enzyme has greatly increased sensitivity to H(2)O(2) but normal sensitivity to UV. These results indicate that the natural resistance to oxidative stress is not due to an ability to rapidly raise the level of antioxidant or DNA repair enzymes and that the response to UV-light is independent from the response to reactive oxygen compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M X Garcia
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211-7400, USA
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43
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Bowman C, Johnson M, Venables D, Foote C, Kane RL. Geriatric care in the United Kingdom: aligning services to needs. BMJ 1999; 319:1119-22. [PMID: 10531110 PMCID: PMC1116908 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.319.7217.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/1999] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Bowman
- International Institute on Health and Ageing, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TX.
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O'Mahony D, Foote C. Prospective evaluation of unexplained syncope, dizziness, and falls among community-dwelling elderly adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1998; 53:M435-40. [PMID: 9823747 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/53a.6.m435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unexplained syncope, dizziness, and falls may present a difficult diagnostic challenge to primary care and emergency room physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate a diagnostic algorithm in the assessment of a cohort of community-dwelling elderly people with symptoms of unexplained syncope, falls, or dizziness. METHODS Fifty-four consecutive elderly patients (mean age + SD = 76.4 + 8.0 years, range 61-91) were assessed over a 12-month period. Presenting symptoms were syncope in 33 patients (61.1%), unexplained falls without loss of consciousness in 10 patients (18.5%), and dizziness without loss of consciousness in 11 (20.4%), and true vertigo in 2 patients (3.7%). Patients were assessed systematically using the algorithm, followed up until a diagnosis was made, and appropriate preventive therapy or advice given. RESULTS Diagnoses were obtained in 41 patients (75.9%). Of the 33 patients with syncope, the cause was identified in 23 (69.7%) as follows: vasovagal in 12, arrhythmia in 5, hypotensive drugs in 3, orthostatic hypotension in 2, and major anxiety with hyperventilation in 1. The cause of syncope remained uncertain in 10 patients. Among the 10 patients with nonsyncopal falls, the cause was identified in 9 as follows: drop attacks with associated knee osteoarthritis or quadriceps muscle weakness in 3, orthostatic hypotension in 2, and single cases of cerebellar ataxia, Parkinson's disease, otologic vertigo, and vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Of 11 patients with dizziness, 4 had vasovagal syncope, 2 had orthostatic hypotension, 2 had otologic vertigo, one had carotid sinus syndrome, and the cause remained obscure in 2. Nineteen of the 41 patients (46.3%) had at least one other abnormality that was possibly contributory to their symptoms. Five of the 13 patients without a clearcut diagnosis had abnormalities of possible significance, including first-degree heart block with fascicular block in 2 patients and individual patients with severe hypertension, aortic valve disease, and vasodepressor carotid sinus hypersensitivity. CONCLUSION A targeted, problem-oriented algorithm indicates the diagnosis in three quarters of elderly patients with unexplained syncope, falls, and dizziness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Wycombe General Hospital, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom.
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Shu F, Lee V, Riley R, Pomeranz M, Su W, Melnick D, Homoud M, Foote C, Estes NA, Wang PJ. Combined radiofrequency ablation-cooling catheter for reversible cryothermal mapping and ablation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 1997; 1:139-44. [PMID: 9869963 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009707216149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Reversible cryothermal mapping of cardiac arrhythmias has been performed intraoperatively. However, a steerable cooling catheter for reversible mapping has not yet been developed. We therefore developed and tested a cooling system consisting of a -15 degrees C hypertonic saline reservoir and a 7F steerable catheter also capable of radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Using excised ovine hearts placed in a 37 degrees C circulating saline bath, we measured the temperatures at depths of 0 mm, 1 mm, and 2 mm. The temperature after 90 seconds of cooling was 16.5 +/- 2.1 degrees C at 0 mm compared to 23.9 +/- 4.1 degrees C at 1 mm and 31.1 +/- 3.9 degrees C at 2 mm depth (p < 0.01). These data suggest that a 7F steerable combined RF ablation-cooling catheter may achieve temperatures suitable for mapping arrhythmias such as atrial tachycardias and right ventricular outflow tract tachycardias. Further enhancements to achieve lower temperatures at depth may be needed to reversibly map other arrhythmias such as left ventricular tachycardias.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Shu
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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VanderWerf QM, Saxton RE, Chang A, Horton D, Paiva MB, Anderson J, Foote C, Soudant J, Mathey A, Castro DJ. Hypericin: a new laser phototargeting agent for human cancer cells. Laryngoscope 1996; 106:479-83. [PMID: 8614225 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-199604000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Laser activation of anthracycline-related drugs combines chemotherapy with photoablation for improved treatment. Hypericin, a structurally related anthraquinone, was tested for laser activation and cytotoxicity in human cancer cells. Viability of P3 squamous cell carcinoma cells incubated with 1 to 20 microgram/mL hypericin was reduced by more than 95% after 1 minute exposure at 4 degrees C to an argon laser (514 nm, 5 W), a KTP-532 laser (532 nm, 5 W), or a 20-A xenon lamp. Viability was reduced over 90% in six human carcinoma, sarcoma, and melanoma cell lines by this combined treatment, but only trace toxicity was seen after separate exposure to hypericin or light alone. These results show that hypericin is a sensitive agent for phototherapy of human cancer cells in vitro and indicate that this drug may be useful for tumor targeting via minimally invasive imaging-guided laser fiber optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q M VanderWerf
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1624, USA
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Chung PS, Saxton RE, Paiva MB, Rhee CK, Soudant J, Mathey A, Foote C, Castro DJ. Hypericin uptake in rabbits and nude mice transplanted with human squamous cell carcinomas: study of a new sensitizer for laser phototherapy. Laryngoscope 1994; 104:1471-6. [PMID: 7990636 DOI: 10.1288/00005537-199412000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tissue uptake and biodistribution of hypericin was measured in rabbits and in nu/nu mice xenografted with P3 human squamous cell carcinoma to assess the value of this dye as an in vivo sensitizer for laser photoinactivation of solid tumors. Hypericin has absorption maxima at 545 and 590 nm with a fluorescence emission peak at 640 nm in ethanol. Dye uptake after intravenous injection was tested at 4 and 24 hours in rabbit tissues by ethanol extraction and quantitative fluorescence spectrophotometry. Maximum dye levels were seen at 4 hours in most vascular organs with lung having fivefold higher uptake than spleen followed by liver, blood, and kidney. Mice were examined after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours and after 3 and 7 days for dye uptake. The peak concentration of hypericin in murine organs was reached at 4 hours with uptake per gram of tissue as follows: lung > spleen > liver > blood > kidney > heart > gut > tumor > stomach > skin > muscle > brain. Elimination of hypericin was rapid in most murine organs with residual dye under 10% of maximum by 7 days compared to 25% to 30% retention for the squamous cell tumors and several normal tissues. These results suggest that hypericin may be a useful photosensitizer for KTP/532 laser interstitial therapy of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University, College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Spirtos NJ, Foote C, Downing J, Askew MJ, Subramanian MG. Evaluation of the preovulatory rise of follicle stimulating hormone and progesterone in normally ovulating women of reproductive age. Int J Fertil 1989; 34:62-6. [PMID: 2565308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sixteen normally ovulating women of reproductive age were evaluated to determine the extent of the preovulatory FSH and progesterone rise in association with the LH surge. Highly significant differences were demonstrated between the baseline and peak preovulatory levels of both FSH and progesterone (P less than .0005). These significant peak ovulatory differences of FSH and progesterone were associated with a 2.5-fold rise (mean difference of 9.06 mIU/mL) of FSH and a 3.0-fold rise (mean difference of 1.94 ng/mL) of progesterone. These small, yet very significant, preovulatory increments of FSH and progesterone are important in the ovulatory process and the formation of an adequate corpus luteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Spirtos
- Akron City Hospital, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Ohio
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Manring L, Foote C. Additions and Corrections - Chemistry of Singlet Oxygen. 44. Mechanism of Photooxidation of 2,5-Dimethylhexa-2,4-diene and 2-Methyl-2-pentene. J Am Chem Soc 1983. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00361a601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wallis C, Dolan BB, Foote C. Day care centers for the old: doctoring and dignity for the partly disabled. Time 1982; 119:60. [PMID: 10253699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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