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Prates KV, de Oliveira JC, Malta A, Matiusso CCI, Miranda RA, Ribeiro TA, Francisco FA, Franco CCS, Moreira VM, Alves VS, Torrezan R, Mathias PCF, Barella LF. Sympathetic innervation is essential for metabolic homeostasis and pancreatic beta cell function in adult rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 462:119-126. [PMID: 28962894 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an imbalance in the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), specifically in the organs involved in energy metabolism. The pancreatic islets are richly innervated by the ANS, which tunes the insulin release due to changes in energy demand. Therefore, changes in the sympathetic input that reach the pancreas can lead to metabolic dysfunctions. To evaluate the role of the sympathetic ends that innervate the pancreas, 60-day-old male Wistar rats were subjected to sympathectomy (SYM) or were sham-operated (SO). At 120 day-old SYM rats exhibited an increase in body weight, fat pads and metabolic dysfunctions. Decreases in the HOMA-IR and reductions in insulin release were observed both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the SYM rats exhibited altered pancreatic islet function in both muscarinic and adrenergic assays and exhibited high protein expression of the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor (α2AR). Because α2AR has been linked to type 2 diabetes, these findings demonstrate the clinical implications of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly V Prates
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Júlio C de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila C I Matiusso
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosiane A Miranda
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Francisco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Claudinéia C S Franco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Veridiana M Moreira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vander S Alves
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rosana Torrezan
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paulo C F Mathias
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Barella
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Franco CCS, Prates KV, Previate C, Moraes AMP, Matiusso CCI, Miranda RA, de Oliveira JC, Tófolo LP, Martins IP, Barella LF, Ribeiro TA, Malta A, Pavanello A, Francisco FA, Gomes RM, Alves VS, Moreira VM, Rigo KP, Almeida DL, de Sant Anna JR, Prado MAAC, Mathias PCF. Glibenclamide treatment blocks metabolic dysfunctions and improves vagal activity in monosodium glutamate-obese male rats. Endocrine 2017; 56:346-356. [PMID: 28233096 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Autonomic nervous system imbalance is associated with metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Glibenclamide is an antidiabetic drug that acts by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and is widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Since there is scarce data concerning autonomic nervous system activity and diabetes, the aim of this work was to test whether glibenclamide can improve autonomic nervous system activity and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor function in pre-diabetic obese male rats. METHODS Pre-diabetes was induced by treatment with monosodium L-glutamate in neonatal rats. The monosodium L-glutamate group was treated with glibenclamide (2 mg/kg body weight /day) from weaning to 100 days of age, and the control group was treated with water. Body weight, food intake, Lee index, fasting glucose, insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, omeostasis model assessment of β-cell function, and fat tissue accumulation were measured. The vagus and sympathetic nerve electrical activity were recorded. Insulin secretion was measured in isolated islets challenged with glucose, acetylcholine, and the selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists by radioimmunoassay technique. RESULTS Glibenclamide treatment prevented the onset of obesity and diminished the retroperitoneal (18%) and epididymal (25%) fat pad tissues. In addition, the glibenclamide treatment also reduced the parasympathetic activity by 28% and glycemia by 20% in monosodium L-glutamate-treated rats. The insulinotropic effect and unaltered cholinergic actions in islets from monosodium L-glutamate groups were increased. CONCLUSION Early glibenclamide treatment prevents monosodium L-glutamate-induced obesity onset by balancing autonomic nervous system activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudinéia C S Franco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
| | - Kelly V Prates
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Carina Previate
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ana M P Moraes
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Camila C I Matiusso
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rosiane A Miranda
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Júlio C de Oliveira
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT, Brazil
| | - Laize P Tófolo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Isabela P Martins
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Barella
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ananda Malta
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Audrei Pavanello
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Francisco
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia/GO, Brazil
| | - Vander S Alves
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Veridiana M Moreira
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Késia P Rigo
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Douglas L Almeida
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Juliane R de Sant Anna
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis & Genetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Marialba A A C Prado
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis & Genetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo C F Mathias
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Barella LF, Miranda RA, Franco CCS, Alves VS, Malta A, Ribeiro TAS, Gravena C, Mathias PCF, de Oliveira JC. Vagus nerve contributes to metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-fed young and adult rats. Exp Physiol 2014; 100:57-68. [PMID: 25398717 DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.082982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Different nerve contributes periods of life are known for their differential sensitivity to interventions, and increased parasympathetic activity affects the development and maintenance of obesity. Thus, we evaluated the involvement of the vagus nerve by performing a vagotomy in young or adult rats that were offered an obesogenic high-fat diet. What is the main finding and its importance? Although the accumulation of adipose tissue decreased in both younger and older groups, the younger rats showed a greater response to the effects of vagotomy in general. In addition to the important role of the parasympathetic activity, we suggest that the vagus nerve contributes to the condition of obesity. Obesity has become a global problem, and this condition develops primarily because of an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. The high complexity involved in the regulation of energy metabolism results from several factors besides endocrine factors. It has been suggested that obesity could be caused by an imbalance in the autonomous nervous system, which could lead to a condition of high parasympathetic activity in counterpart to low sympathetic tonus. High-fat (HF) diets have been used to induce obesity in experimental animals, and their use in animals leads to insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and high parasympathetic activity, among other disorders. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of a vagotomy performed at the initiation of a HF diet at two different stages of life, weaning and adulthood. The vagotomy reduced parasympathetic activity (-32 and -51% in normal fat-fed rats and -43 and -55% in HF diet-fed rats; P < 0.05) and fat depots (-17 and -33%, only in HF diet-fed rats; P < 0.05). High-fat diet-fed rats exhibited fasting hyperinsulinaemia (fivefold higher in young rats and threefold higher in older rats; P < 0.05); however, vagotomy corrected it in younger rats only, and a similar effect was also observed during the glucose tolerance test. The insulin resistance exhibited by the HF diet-fed groups was not altered in the vagotomized rats. We suggest that the vagus nerve, in addition to the important role of parasympathetic activity, contributes to the condition of obesity, and that non-vagal pathways may be involved along with the imbalanced autonomic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F Barella
- Laboratory of Secretion Cell Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Esquissato GNM, De Sant'anna JR, Franco CCS, Rosada LJ, Dos Santos PASR, De Castro-Prado MAA. Gene homozygosis and mitotic recombination induced by camptothecin and irinotecan in Aspergillus nidulans diploid cells. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2014; 86:1703-10. [PMID: 25590709 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201420130106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitotic recombination is a process involved in carcinogenesis which can lead to genetic loss through the loss of heterozygosity. The recombinogenic potentials of two anticancer drugs topoisomerase I inhibitors, camptothecin (CPT) and irinotecan (CPT-11), were evaluated in the present study. The homozygotization assay, which assess the induction of mitotic recombination and gene homozygosis, as well as the heterozygous A757//UT448 diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans were employed. The three non-cytotoxic concentrations of CPT (3.5 ng mL-1, 10.5 ng mL-1 and 17.4 ng mL-1) were found to induce both mitotic recombination and gene homozygosis. CPT treatment produced three diploids homozygous, for nutritional and conidia color genes, and Homozygotization Indices (HI) significantly different from negative control. On the other hand, only the highest CPT-11 concentration tested (18 µg mL-1), corresponding to the maximal single chemotherapeutic dose, produced HI values higher than 2.0 and significantly different from negative control HI values. The recombinogenic effects of both topoisomerase I blockers were associated with the recombinational repair of DNA strand breaks induced by CPT and CPT-11. The anticancer drugs CPT and CPT-11 may be characterized as secondary malignancies promoters in cancer patients after chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana N M Esquissato
- Genética e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Juliane R De Sant'anna
- Genética e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Claudinéia C S Franco
- Genética e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Lúcia J Rosada
- Genética e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Paula A S R Dos Santos
- Genética e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Marialba A A De Castro-Prado
- Genética e Biologia Celular, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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Miranda RA, Agostinho AR, Trevenzoli IH, Barella LF, Franco CCS, Trombini AB, Malta A, Gravena C, Torrezan R, Mathias PCF, de Oliveira JC. Insulin Oversecretion in MSG-Obese Rats is Related to Alterations in Cholinergic Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Pancreatic Islets. Cell Physiol Biochem 2014; 33:1075-86. [DOI: 10.1159/000358677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Sant'Anna JR, Yajima JPRS, Rosada LJ, Franco CCS, Prioli AJ, Della-Rosa VA, Mathias PCF, Castro-Prado MAA. Metformin's performance in in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology studies. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2013; 238:803-10. [PMID: 23788173 DOI: 10.1177/1535370213480744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a hypoglycemiant drug prescribed for the treatment and control of the type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, the potential efficacy of this antidiabetic drug as an anticancer agent has been demonstrated in various mammalian cancer cells. This report evaluates the mutagenic as well as the recombinogenic potentials of the metformin drug in therapeutically relevant plasma concentrations (12.5 µM, 25.0 µM or 50.0 µM). Since the loss of heterozygosity is a process associated with carcinogenesis, the recombinogenic potential of such a drug was evaluated by the homozygotization assay using a heterozygous diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans. The homozigotization indices (HI) for the genetic markers from the metformin-treated diploids were not statistically different from the negative control (non-treated diploids). For the first time, this indicated a lack of recombinogenic activity of the antidiabetic drug. The mutagenic potential of the metformin drug was evaluated by the chromosome aberrations and the micronuclei tests in human lymphocytes cultures. The metformin drug did not show any significant increase either in the numerical or in the structural chromosome aberrations and did not affect significantly the mitotic index when compared to the negative control. In the in vitro micronucleus test, the drug did not increase the number of micronuclei or nuclear buds when compared with the negative control. The data in this study suggest that the metformin drug is not a secondary cancer inducer, since it has neither showed recombinogenic nor mutagenic activities when used in pharmacological concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane R Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Genética de Microorganismos e Mutagênese, Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Rosada LJ, Sant'anna JR, Franco CCS, Esquissato GNM, Santos PASR, Yajima JPRS, Ferreira FD, Machinski M, Corrêa B, Castro-Prado MAA. Identification of Aspergillus flavus isolates as potential biocontrol agents of aflatoxin contamination in crops. J Food Prot 2013; 76:1051-5. [PMID: 23726204 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus, a haploid organism found worldwide in a variety of crops, including maize, cottonseed, almond, pistachio, and peanut, causes substantial and recurrent worldwide economic liabilities. This filamentous fungus produces aflatoxins (AFLs) B1 and B2, which are among the most carcinogenic compounds from nature, acutely hepatotoxic and immunosuppressive. Recent efforts to reduce AFL contamination in crops have focused on the use of nonaflatoxigenic A. flavus strains as biological control agents. Such agents are applied to soil to competitively exclude native AFL strains from crops and thereby reduce AFL contamination. Because the possibility of genetic recombination in A. flavus could influence the stability of biocontrol strains with the production of novel AFL phenotypes, this article assesses the diversity of vegetative compatibility reactions in isolates of A. flavus to identify heterokaryon self-incompatible (HSI) strains among nonaflatoxigenic isolates, which would be used as biological controls of AFL contamination in crops. Nitrate nonutilizing (nit) mutants were recovered from 25 A. flavus isolates, and based on vegetative complementation between nit mutants and on the microscopic examination of the number of hyphal fusions, five nonaflatoxigenic (6, 7, 9 to 11) and two nontoxigenic (8 and 12) isolates of A. flavus were phenotypically characterized as HSI. Because the number of hyphal fusions is reduced in HSI strains, impairing both heterokaryon formation and the genetic exchanges with aflatoxigenic strains, the HSI isolates characterized here, especially isolates 8 and 12, are potential agents for reducing AFL contamination in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Rosada
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Genética de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Maringá, CEP 87020-900, PR, Brasil
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Franco CCS, Castro-Prado J, Rosada LJ, Sant'Anna JR, Castro-Prado MAA. Mitotic recombination: a genotoxic effect of the antidepressant citalopram in Aspergillus nidulans. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2010; 235:1257-62. [PMID: 20851831 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2010.010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This report evaluates the potential of the antidepressant drug citalopram to induce homozygotization of genes previously present in a heterozygous condition, by homologous recombination. In order to address this question, a heterozygous diploid strain of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans and the homozygotization assay were utilized. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of citalopram (50, 75 and 100 μmol/L) showed a strong recombinogenic effect in A. nidulans, inducing homozygosis of the diploid strain's nutritional markers. The genetic markers exhibited homozygotization index (HI) rates higher than 2.0 and significantly different from HI control ones. Since citalopram has been previously characterized as a DNA synthesis inhibitor, the recombinogenic potential of this antidepressant in A. nidulans may be associated with the recombinational repair of citalopram-induced DNA strand breaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudinéia C S Franco
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Bloco H67. Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Castro-Prado
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Bloco H67. Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Lúcia J Rosada
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Bloco H67. Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Juliane R Sant'Anna
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Bloco H67. Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Marialba A A Castro-Prado
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, Bloco H67. Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
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Rosada LJ, Franco CCS, Sant'Anna JR, Kaneshima EN, Gonçalves-Vidigal MC, Castro-Prado MAA. Parasexuality in Race 65 Colletotrichum lindemuthianum isolates. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2010; 57:383-4. [PMID: 20553353 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2010.00486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heterokaryosis is the initial step of the parasexual cycle, a process that provides genetic variability in filamentous fungi through the production of heterozygous diploid nuclei. To characterize the parasexual cycle in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, we evaluated the presence of heterokaryosis, vegetative compatibility reactions, and diploid formation among isolates of Race 65 collected from different Brazilian states. Vegetative compatibility groups were identified among the isolates according to their ability to form heterokaryons. Two heterozygous diploids were selected from compatible heterokaryons, which were characterized by the segregation of the parental auxotrophic markers and by RAPD profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia J Rosada
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Sant'Anna JR, Miyamoto CT, Rosada LJ, Franco CCS, Kaneshima EN, Castro-Prado MAA. Genetic relatedness of Brazilian Colletotrichum truncatum isolates assessed by vegetative compatibility groups and RAPD analysis. Biol Res 2010; 43:51-62. [PMID: 21157632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic variation among nine soybean-originating isolates of Colletotrichum truncatum from different Brazilian states was studied. Nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants were obtained with potassium chlorate and used to characterize vegetative compatibility reactions, heterokaryosis and RAPD profile. Based on pairings of nit mutants from the different isolates, five vegetative complementation groups (VCG) were identified, and barriers to the formation of heterokaryons were observed among isolates derived from the same geographic area. No complementation was observed among any of the nit mutants recovered from the isolate A, which was designed heterokaryon-self-incompatible. Based on RAPD analysis, a polymorphism was detected among the wild isolate C and their nit1 and NitM mutants. RAPD amplification, with five different primers, also showed polymorphic profiles among Brazilian C. truncatum isolates. Dendrogram analysis resulted in a similarity degree ranging between 0.331 and 0.882 among isolates and identified three RAPD groups. Despite the lack of a correlation between the RAPD analysis and the vegetative compatibility grouping, results demonstrated the potential of VCG analysis to differentiate C. truncatum isolates genotypically similar when compared by RAPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane R Sant'Anna
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de MaringáBrasil
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Castro-Prado MAA, Querol CB, Sant'Anna JR, Miyamoto CT, Franco CCS, Mangolin CA, Machado MFPS. Vegetative compatibility and parasexual segregation in Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, a fungal pathogen of the common bean. Genet Mol Res 2007; 6:634-642. [PMID: 18050083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The heterokaryotic and vegetative diploid phases of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum are described using nutritional and biochemical markers. Nitrate non-utilizing mutants (nit), derived from R2047, R89, R73, R65, and R23 isolates, were paired in all possible combinations to obtain heterokaryons. Although pairings R2047/R89, R2047/R73, R65/R73, and R73/R23 showed complete vegetative incompatibility, prototrophic heterokaryons were obtained from pairings R2047/R65, R2047/R23, R65/R89, R65/R23, R73/R89, R89/R23, R2047/R2047, R65/R65, R89/R89, R73/R73, and R23/R23. Heterokaryons gave rise to spontaneous mitotic segregants which carried markers corresponding to one or the other of the parental strains. Heterokaryons spontaneously produced prototrophic fast-growing sectors too, characterized as diploid segregants. Diploids would be expected to yield auxotrophic segregants following haploidization in basal medium or in the presence of benomyl. Parental haploid segregants were in fact recovered from diploid colonies growing in basal medium and basal medium containing the haploidizing agent. Although barriers to the formation of heterokaryons in some crosses were detected, the results demonstrate the occurrence of parasexuality among vegetative compatible mutants of C. lindemuthianum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A A Castro-Prado
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil.
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Miyamoto CT, Sant'Anna JR, Franco CCS, Castro-Prado MAA. Genotoxicity (mitotic recombination) of the cancer chemotherapeutic agents cisplatin and cytosine arabinoside in Aspergillus nidulans. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:1091-5. [PMID: 17306432 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 12/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, cis-DDP) and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) are anticancer drugs used in the treatment of human cancer. The two chemotherapeutic drugs were tested in current research for their recombinogenic potential in diploid cells of Aspergillus nidulans. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of ara-C (0.4 and 0.8 microM) and cis-DDP (1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 microM) were strong recombinagens in A. nidulans UT448//A757 diploid strain, which induced homozygosis of recessive genetic markers, previously present in heterozygous condition. Drugs significantly increased homozygosity index (HI) values for five nutritional genetic markers when compared with those determined in the absence of anticancer drugs. Since mitotic recombination is a mechanism leading to malignant growth through loss of heterozygosity at tumor-suppressor loci, ara-C and cis-DDP may be characterized as secondary promoters of malignant neoplasia in diagnosed cancer patients, after chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Miyamoto
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Avenida Colombo 5790, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
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