1
|
da Silva DM, Do Nascimento F, Milhan NVM, de Oliveira MAC, Cardoso PFG, Legendre D, Aoki FG, Kostov KG, Koga-Ito CY. Cold Atmospheric Helium Plasma in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Promising Tool for the Disinfection of Silicone Endotracheal Prostheses. Microorganisms 2024; 12:130. [PMID: 38257957 PMCID: PMC10819505 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the excellent properties of silicone endotracheal prostheses, their main limitation is the formation of a polymicrobial biofilm on their surfaces. It can cause local inflammation, interfering with the local healing process and leading to further complications in the clinical scenario. The present study evaluated the inhibitory effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on multispecies biofilms grown on the silicone protheses' surfaces. In addition to silicone characterization before and after CAP exposure, CAP cytotoxicity on immortalized human bronchial epithelium cell line (BEAS-2B) was evaluated. The aging time test reported that CAP could temporarily change the silicone surface wetting characteristics from hydrophilic (80.5°) to highly hydrophilic (<5°). ATR-FTIR showed no significant alterations in the silicone surficial chemical composition after CAP exposure for 5 min. A significant log reduction in viable cells in monospecies biofilms (log CFU/mL) of C. albicans, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa (0.636, 0.738, and 1.445, respectively) was detected after CAP exposure. Multispecies biofilms exposed to CAP showed significant viability reduction for C. albicans and S. aureus (1.385 and 0.831, respectively). The protocol was not cytotoxic to BEAS-2B. CAP can be a simple and effective method to delay multispecies biofilm formation inside the endotracheal prosthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Morais da Silva
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil; (D.M.d.S.); (N.V.M.M.); (M.A.C.d.O.)
| | - Fellype Do Nascimento
- Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil; (F.D.N.); (K.G.K.)
| | - Noala Vicensoto Moreira Milhan
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil; (D.M.d.S.); (N.V.M.M.); (M.A.C.d.O.)
| | - Maria Alcionéia Carvalho de Oliveira
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil; (D.M.d.S.); (N.V.M.M.); (M.A.C.d.O.)
| | - Paulo Francisco Guerreiro Cardoso
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Daniel Legendre
- Adib Jatene Foundation, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo 04012-909, SP, Brazil;
| | - Fabio Gava Aoki
- Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos 12231-280, SP, Brazil;
| | - Konstantin Georgiev Kostov
- Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil; (F.D.N.); (K.G.K.)
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12227-010, SP, Brazil; (D.M.d.S.); (N.V.M.M.); (M.A.C.d.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rovetta-Nogueira SDM, Borges AC, de Oliveira Filho M, Nishime TMC, Hein LRDO, Kostov KG, Koga-Ito CY. Helium Cold Atmospheric Plasma Causes Morphological and Biochemical Alterations in Candida albicans Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:7919. [PMID: 38067648 PMCID: PMC10707892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Previous studies reported the promising inhibitory effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on Candida albicans. However, the exact mechanisms of CAP's action on the fungal cell are still poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the CAP effect on C. albicans cell wall, by evaluating the alterations on its structure and biochemical composition; (2) Methods: C. albicans cells treated with Helium-CAP were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in order to detect morphological, topographic and biochemical changes in the fungal cell wall. Cells treated with caspofungin were also analyzed for comparative purposes; (3) Results: Expressive morphological and topographic changes, such as increased roughness and shape modification, were observed in the cells after CAP exposure. The alterations detected were similar to those observed after the treatment with caspofungin. The main biochemical changes occurred in polysaccharides content, and an overall decrease in glucans and an increase in chitin synthesis were detected; (4) Conclusions: Helium-CAP caused morphological and topographic alterations in C. albicans cells and affected the cell wall polysaccharide content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina de Moura Rovetta-Nogueira
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Department of Environment Engineering, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; (S.d.M.R.-N.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Aline Chiodi Borges
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Department of Environment Engineering, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; (S.d.M.R.-N.); (A.C.B.)
| | - Maurício de Oliveira Filho
- Department of Materials and Technology, Guaratinguetá Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil; (M.d.O.F.); (L.R.d.O.H.)
| | | | - Luis Rogerio de Oliveira Hein
- Department of Materials and Technology, Guaratinguetá Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil; (M.d.O.F.); (L.R.d.O.H.)
| | - Konstantin Georgiev Kostov
- Department of Physics, Guaratinguetá Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil;
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Department of Environment Engineering, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil; (S.d.M.R.-N.); (A.C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muniz AB, Vegian MRDC, Pereira Leite LD, da Silva DM, Moreira Milhan NV, Kostov KG, Koga-Ito CY. Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Application in Endodontics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051401. [PMID: 37239072 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of endodontic treatment is frequently associated with the presence of remaining microorganisms, mainly due to the difficulty of eliminating the biofilm and the limitation of conventional irrigation solutions. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTPP) has been suggested for many applications in the medical field and can be applied directly to biological surfaces or indirectly through activated liquids. This literature review aims to evaluate the potential of NTPP application in Endodontics. A search in the databases Lilacs, Pubmed, and Ebsco was performed. Seventeen manuscripts published between 2007 and 2022 that followed our established inclusion criteria were found. The selected manuscripts evaluated the use of NTPP regarding its antimicrobial activity, in the direct exposure and indirect method, i.e., plasma-activated liquid. Of these, 15 used direct exposure. Different parameters, such as working gas and distance from the apparatus to the substrate, were evaluated in vitro and ex vivo. NTPP showed a disinfection property against important endodontic microorganisms, mainly Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial potential was dependent on plasma exposure time, with the highest antimicrobial effects over eight minutes of exposure. Interestingly, the association of NTPP and conventional antimicrobial solutions, in general, was shown to be more effective than both treatments separately. This association showed antimicrobial results with a short plasma exposure time, what could be interesting in clinical practice. However, considering the lack of standardization of the direct exposure parameters and few studies about plasma-activated liquids, more studies in the area for endodontic purposes are still required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bessa Muniz
- Department of Environment Engineering and Sciences Applied to Oral Health Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Raquel da Cruz Vegian
- Department of Environment Engineering and Sciences Applied to Oral Health Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Lady Daiane Pereira Leite
- Department of Environment Engineering and Sciences Applied to Oral Health Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Morais da Silva
- Department of Environment Engineering and Sciences Applied to Oral Health Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Noala Vicensoto Moreira Milhan
- Department of Environment Engineering and Sciences Applied to Oral Health Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| | - Konstantin Georgiev Kostov
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering in Guaratinguetá, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Department of Environment Engineering and Sciences Applied to Oral Health Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12247-016, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bastos YVP, Carlos R, Oliveira PTD, Pires BC, Cangussu MCT, Xavier FCA, Koga-Ito CY, Manieri PR, Souza AS, Júnior BC, Ramalho LMP, Cury PR, Santos JND. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia-related osteonecrosis: A series of cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 2022; 60:152009. [PMID: 35868115 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2022.152009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the clinicopathological features of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD)-related osteonecrosis highlighting their histopathological aspects and bone structure. METHODS Twenty-two FCOD-related osteonecrosis cases were evaluated retrospectively. Osteonecrosis, osteomyelitis, bacterial colonization, bone resorption, reactive bone, osteon-like structure, lamellar bone, and basophilic lines were analyzed. Specific staining and fluorescence and polarized light microscopy analyses were also performed. RESULTS The mandible was more affected by FCOD-related osteonecrosis. There was a predominance of African-Brazilian women in the fifth and seventh decades of life. Osteomyelitis was present in 82 % of cases whereas bone resorption and bacterial colonization were present in 100 % of FCOD-related osteonecrosis cases. Thick basophilic lines were seen in all cases (100 %). Actinomycosis and osteoclasts were not often. CONCLUSIONS This study showed female adult preference, mandibular location, and some findings such as osteomyelitis, bone resorption, and bacterial colonization were histopathological features more frequent in FCOD-related osteonecrosis. In the absence of a close clinical and radiographic correlation, the morphology of the necrotized bone similar to cementum could help to recognize FCOD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yann Victor Paiva Bastos
- Dentistry and Health Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Roman Carlos
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Herrera-Llerandi, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Paulo Tambasco De Oliveira
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flávia Caló Aquino Xavier
- Dentistry and Health Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rubia Manieri
- Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - André Sampaio Souza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Braúlio Carneiro Júnior
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Southwest University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Ramos Cury
- Department of Periodontology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Dentistry and Health Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Milhan NVM, Chiappim W, Sampaio ADG, Vegian MRDC, Pessoa RS, Koga-Ito CY. Applications of Plasma-Activated Water in Dentistry: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084131. [PMID: 35456947 PMCID: PMC9029124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of water by non-thermal plasma creates a liquid with active constituents referred to as plasma-activated water (PAW). Due to its active constituents, PAW may play an important role in different fields, such as agriculture, the food industry and healthcare. Plasma liquid technology has received attention in recent years due to its versatility and good potential, mainly focused on different health care purposes. This interest has extended to dentistry, since the use of a plasma–liquid technology could bring clinical advantages, compared to direct application of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas (NTAPPs). The aim of this paper is to discuss the applicability of PAW in different areas of dentistry, according to the published literature about NTAPPs and plasma–liquid technology. The direct and indirect application of NTAPPs are presented in the introduction. Posteriorly, the main reactors for generating PAW and its active constituents with a role in biomedical applications are specified, followed by a section that discusses, in detail, the use of PAW as a tool for different oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noala Vicensoto Moreira Milhan
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (M.R.d.C.V.); (C.Y.K.-I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-12-991851206
| | - William Chiappim
- Plasma and Processes Laboratory, Department of Physics, Aeronautics Institute of Technology, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes 50, São José dos Campos 12228-900, Brazil; (W.C.); (R.S.P.)
| | - Aline da Graça Sampaio
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (M.R.d.C.V.); (C.Y.K.-I.)
| | - Mariana Raquel da Cruz Vegian
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (M.R.d.C.V.); (C.Y.K.-I.)
| | - Rodrigo Sávio Pessoa
- Plasma and Processes Laboratory, Department of Physics, Aeronautics Institute of Technology, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes 50, São José dos Campos 12228-900, Brazil; (W.C.); (R.S.P.)
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (M.R.d.C.V.); (C.Y.K.-I.)
- Department of Environment Engineering, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12247-016, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sampaio ADG, Gontijo AVL, Lima GDMG, de Oliveira MAC, Lepesqueur LSS, Koga-Ito CY. Ellagic Acid-Cyclodextrin Complexes for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020505. [PMID: 33477918 PMCID: PMC7833435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the prevalence of fungal infections worldwide and the rise in the occurrence of antifungal resistance suggest that new research to discover antifungal molecules is needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of ellagic acid–cyclodextrin complexes (EA/HP-β-CD) for the treatment of oral candidiasis. First, the effect of EA/HP-β-CD on C. albicans planktonic cells and biofilms was evaluated. Then, the cytotoxicity of the effective concentration was studied to ensure safety of in vivo testing. Finally, the in vivo effectiveness was determined by using a murine model of induced oral candidiasis. Data was statistically analyzed. The minimal inhibitory concentration of EA/HP-β-CD was 25 µg/mL and a concentration of 10 times MIC (250 µg/mL) showed an inhibitory effect on C. albicans 48 h-biofilms. The complex at concentration 250 µg/mL was classified as slightly cytotoxic. In vivo experiments showed a reduction in fungal epithelial invasion after treatment with EA/HP-β-CD for 24 h and 96 h when compared to the negative control. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that EA/HP-β-CD has antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects, reducing the invasive capacity of C. albicans, which suggests that EA/HP-β-CD may be a promising alternative for the treatment of oral candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline da Graça Sampaio
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (A.V.L.G.); (G.d.M.G.L.); (M.A.C.d.O.); (L.S.S.L.)
| | - Aline Vidal Lacerda Gontijo
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (A.V.L.G.); (G.d.M.G.L.); (M.A.C.d.O.); (L.S.S.L.)
| | - Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (A.V.L.G.); (G.d.M.G.L.); (M.A.C.d.O.); (L.S.S.L.)
| | - Maria Alcionéia Carvalho de Oliveira
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (A.V.L.G.); (G.d.M.G.L.); (M.A.C.d.O.); (L.S.S.L.)
| | - Laura Soares Souto Lepesqueur
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (A.V.L.G.); (G.d.M.G.L.); (M.A.C.d.O.); (L.S.S.L.)
- School of Dentistry, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04743-030, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12245-000, Brazil; (A.d.G.S.); (A.V.L.G.); (G.d.M.G.L.); (M.A.C.d.O.); (L.S.S.L.)
- Department of Environment Engineering, São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, São Paulo State University, UNESP, São Paulo 12247-016, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-12-39479708
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
This review highlights the main findings on the biology of SARS CoV-2 and the strategies to combat COVID 19 pandemic. Since the initial outbreak in China on December 2019, the international scientific community joined efforts in an unprecedent public health battle. In late May 2020, 5 204 508 cases and 337 687 deaths have been reported by World Health Organization, with higher number of cases in Europe and Americas. SARS-CoV-2 was described as a novel variant from the coronavirus family and its genome was sequenced within a few months while COVID 19 quickly spread worldwide. The main cell receptor (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) was identified as involved in the invasion of host cells. As a result of the findings from cell biology, immunology and clinical studies, the pathogenesis of the virus started to be understood but it has been not fully elucidated so far. While a massive effort for the development of a vaccine is on course, preventive protocols for infection control have been proposed. Many studies on the discovering of effective therapeutic protocols have been developed, particularly on the redirection of already approved substances, but no gold standard treatment was established until now. An overview on the envisioned socioeconomic and politic impacts suggest that our society will be transformed after COVID 19 pandemia. As a result, deep changes in science, politics, socioeconomic and healthcare priorities shall appear in post-pandemia agenda.KEYWORDSCovid-19; Pandemic; SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus. Key-words: COVID 19, pandemia, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gomes MF, Giannasi LC, Fillietaz-Bacigalupo E, de Mancilha GP, de Carvalho Silva GR, Soviero LD, da Silva GYS, Nazario LDM, Dutra MTDS, Silvestre PR, de Oliveira LVF, Nacif SR, de Oliveira EF, Serafim IM, Pereira BD, Greca AR, Goulart MDGV, Rode SDM, Tanaka MH, Koga-Ito CY, Amorim JBDO, Salgado MAC. Evaluation of the masticatory biomechanical function in Down syndrome and its Influence on sleep disorders, body adiposity and salivary parameters. J Oral Rehabil 2020; 47:1007-1022. [PMID: 32463923 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the phenotypic features of the masticatory biomechanics in atypical subjects with Down syndrome (DS). Its influence was analysed on sleep disorders, body adiposity and its risks, and some physicochemical properties of saliva. METHODS Seventy subjects were enrolled to assess masticatory biomechanical function and divided into two groups: DS and control groups. Electrical activities of the masseter and temporal muscles (at rest and in maximum voluntary clench-MVC), maximum bite force-MBF and maximum mouth opening-MMO were investigated. Among the atypical subjects, just 24 participants underwent the anthropometry, the polysomnography II and the saliva testing (salivary flow rate-SFR, buffer capacity-BC and salivary cortisol levels, morning/SC-AM and night/SC-PM). RESULTS MVC and MBF values showed high statistical significance in the control group (P < .001) than in the DS group of 35. MMO values were slightly increased in the DS group in relation to the control group. Overweight and obesity were found in both genders. Atypical women showed higher risk to develop cardiovascular-metabolic diseases than in atypical men. OSA severe was 20% for atypical women and 42.8% for atypical men, whereas snoring index was present in all genders. SFR was reduced in 100% of atypical subjects (hyposalivation in 10% women and 28.5% men). Furthermore, 100% BC, 66.6% SC-AM and 91.6% SC-PM showed normal patterns. CONCLUSION Masseter and temporal muscle hypotonia was found in all atypical subjects with DS. This muscle dysfunction strongly was related to overweight/obesity, risks for development of cardiovascular/metabolic diseases, OSA severity, successive snoring episodes and salivary flow reduction in DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Fernandes Gomes
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Chrystiane Giannasi
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Fillietaz-Bacigalupo
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pinto de Mancilha
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Raine de Carvalho Silva
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Dias Soviero
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Yasmin Santos da Silva
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Miguel Nazario
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marignês Theotonio Dos Santos Dutra
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Irene Moreira Serafim
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Dicieri Pereira
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Reis Greca
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Vilela Goulart
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sigmar de Mello Rode
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Benedito de Oliveira Amorim
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Angel Castillo Salgado
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE) and Multiprofessional Service of Oral Medicine for People with Disability and Caregivers (SEMMO) of the Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
de Oliveira RVD, Bonafé FSS, Spolidorio DMP, Koga-Ito CY, de Farias AL, Kirker KR, James GA, Brighenti FL. Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces naeslundii Interaction in Dual-Species Biofilm. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020194. [PMID: 32023892 PMCID: PMC7074783 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of bacterial interaction between Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces naeslundii may disclose important features of biofilm interspecies relationships. The aim of this study was to characterize-with an emphasis on biofilm formation and composition and metabolic activity-single- and dual-species biofilms of S. mutans or A. naeslundii, and to use a drip flow reactor (DFR) to evaluate biofilm stress responses to 0.2% chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX). Single- and dual-species biofilms were grown for 24 h. The following factors were evaluated: cell viability, biomass and total proteins in the extracellular matrix, 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide-"XTT"-reduction and lactic acid production. To evaluate stress response, biofilms were grown in DFR. Biofilms were treated with CHX or 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl; control). Biofilms were plated for viability assessment. Confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM) was also performed. Data analysis was carried out at 5% significance level. S. mutans viability and lactic acid production in dual-species biofilms were significantly reduced. S. mutans showed a higher resistance to CHX in dual-species biofilms. Total protein content, biomass and XTT reduction showed no significant differences between single- and dual-species biofilms. CLSM images showed the formation of large clusters in dual-species biofilms. In conclusion, dual-species biofilms reduced S. mutans viability and lactic acid production and increased S. mutans' resistance to chlorhexidine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Virginia Dutra de Oliveira
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP 14801-385, Brazil; (R.V.D.d.O.); (F.S.S.B.); (D.M.P.S.); (A.L.d.F.)
| | - Fernanda Salloume Sampaio Bonafé
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP 14801-385, Brazil; (R.V.D.d.O.); (F.S.S.B.); (D.M.P.S.); (A.L.d.F.)
| | | | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil;
| | - Aline Leite de Farias
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP 14801-385, Brazil; (R.V.D.d.O.); (F.S.S.B.); (D.M.P.S.); (A.L.d.F.)
| | - Kelly R. Kirker
- Centre for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (K.R.K.); (G.A.J.)
| | - Garth A. James
- Centre for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; (K.R.K.); (G.A.J.)
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP 14801-385, Brazil; (R.V.D.d.O.); (F.S.S.B.); (D.M.P.S.); (A.L.d.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3301-6551
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Giannasi LC, Dutra MTS, Tenguan VLS, Mancilha GP, Silva GRC, Fillietaz-Bacigalupo E, da Silva DB, Politti F, Nacif SR, de Oliveira EF, da Rocha JC, Rocha CT, Romero MM, de Oliveira CS, de Oliveira LVF, de Mello Rode S, Koga-Ito CY, Amorim JBO, Salgado MAC, Gomes MF. Evaluation of the masticatory muscle function, physiological sleep variables, and salivary parameters after electromechanical therapeutic approaches in adult patients with Down syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Trials 2019; 20:215. [PMID: 30975204 PMCID: PMC6460660 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are many comorbidities associated with Down syndrome (DS), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and masticatory muscle alteration. Muscular hypotonia, in particular, of the masticatory and oropharyngeal muscles is one of the main characteristics of individuals with DS, resulting in impairments of speech, swallowing, and mastication in these individuals. In addition, total or partial obstruction of the airways during sleep can occur due to pharyngeal hypotonia, leading to snoring and to OSA. This progressive respiratory disorder is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality in individuals with DS. The aim of this research is to assess the therapeutic effects of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), the mastication apparatus (MA), and a mandibular advancement oral appliance (OAm) with an embedded thermosensitive microchip on the functions of masticatory muscles (bilateral masseter and temporal muscles), physiological sleep variables, and salivary parameters in adult patients with DS. Methods The patients with DS will be randomly selected and divided into three groups (DS-NMES, DS-MA, and DS-OAm) with a minimum of 10 patients in each group. A thermosensitive microchip will be embedded in the OAm to record its compliance. The therapeutic effects on masticatory muscle function will be investigated through electromyography, a caliper, and a force-transducer device; the sleep variables, in turn, will be evaluated by means of polysomnography. The physicochemical and microbiological properties of the saliva will also be analyzed, including the salivary flow, viscosity, buffer capacity, cortisol levels (susceptibility to psychological and/or physical stress), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa levels (risk of aspiration pneumonia) in these patients. The methods determined for this study will be carried out prior to and after 2 months of the recommended therapies. Discussion The primary outcomes would be the improvement and/or reestablishment of the function of masticatory muscles and the physiological sleep variables in this target public since individuals with DS commonly present generalized muscular hypotonia and dysfunction of the oropharyngeal musculature. As a secondary outcome indicator, the impact of the applied therapies (NMES, MA, and OAm) on the salivary microbiological and physicochemical properties in DS individuals will also be assessed. Furthermore, the compliance of OAm usage will be measured through a thermosensitive microchip. Trial registration Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos, RBR-3qp5np. Registered on 20 February 2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3300-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Chrystiane Giannasi
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Metropolitan University of Santos, Santos, Brazil. .,University Center of Anápolis-UniEvangélica, Anápolis, Brazil.
| | - Marignês T S Dutra
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera L S Tenguan
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela P Mancilha
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela R C Silva
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Fillietaz-Bacigalupo
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel B da Silva
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio R Nacif
- Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (IAMSPE-HSPE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - João C da Rocha
- Discipline of Pediatric Dentistry Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina T Rocha
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus M Romero
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sigmar de Mello Rode
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose B O Amorim
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel A C Salgado
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica F Gomes
- Center of Biosciences Applied to Patients with Special Health Care Needs (CEBAPE), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, R: Esperança 265, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pedroso JDF, Sangalli J, Brighenti FL, Tanaka MH, Koga-Ito CY. Control of bacterial biofilms formed on pacifiers by antimicrobial solutions in spray. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018; 28:578-586. [PMID: 30051634 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to evaluate the use of vinegar, hydrogen peroxide and sodium bicarbonate solutions for the disinfection of pacifiers. DESIGN Different types and concentrations of the substances were screened in planktonic and biofilm for antimicrobial activity on Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Also, the effect of the most effective substance was tested against polymicrobial biofilms aiming to mimic the multispecies colonization found in a pacifier. RESULTS Based on the agar diffusion test, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal microbicide concentration assays, 70% apple vinegar (70%AV) and 70% hydrogen peroxide (70%HP) were selected (P < 0.05). All tested solutions were able to significantly reduce viable cells of S. pyogenes, S. mutans and E. coli from the biofilms A statistically significant reduction of viable cells in S. aureus biofilms were observed after treatment with 70%AV in comparison to the other treatments. When compared to other microbial species, it was found that 70%HP was particularly effective against E. coli. The solution of 70%HP was able to reduce the viable cells of Enterobacteriaceae/pseudomonas of a polymicrobial biofilm formed from a pacifier. The other solutions were not effective in relation to control group. CONCLUSION Solutions of 70% HP showed to be a good alternative for chlorhexidine digluconate for the disinfection of pacifiers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de F Pedroso
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology Campus of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorgiana Sangalli
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology Campus of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda L Brighenti
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia H Tanaka
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology Campus of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology Campus of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology Campus of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Borges AC, Lima GDMG, Nishime TMC, Gontijo AVL, Kostov KG, Koga-Ito CY. Amplitude-modulated cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet for treatment of oral candidiasis: In vivo study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199832. [PMID: 29949638 PMCID: PMC6021106 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish an effective and safe protocol for in vivo oral candidiasis treatment with atmospheric plasma jets. A novel amplitude-modulated cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet (AM-CAPPJ) device, operating with Helium, was tested. In vitro assays with Candida albicans biofilms and Vero cells were performed in order to determine the effective parameters with low cytotoxicity. After the determination of such parameters, the protocol was evaluated in experimentally induced oral candidiasis in mice. AM-CAPPJ could significantly reduce the viability of C. albicans biofilms after 5 minutes of plasma exposure when compared to the non-exposed group (p = 0.0033). After this period of exposure, high viability of Vero cells was maintained (86.33 ± 10.45%). Also, no late effects on these cells were observed after 24 and 48 hours (83.24±15.23% and 88.96±18.65%, respectively). Histological analyses revealed significantly lower occurrence of inflammatory alterations in the AM-CAPPJ group when compared to non-treated and nystatin-treated groups (p < 0.0001). Although no significant differences among the values of CFU/tongue were observed among the non-treated group and the groups treated with AM-CAPPJ or nystatin (p = 0.3201), histological analyses revealed marked reduction in candidal tissue invasion. In conclusion, these results point out to a clinical applicability of this protocol, due to the simultaneous anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effects of AM-CAPPJ with low cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Chiodi Borges
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Morais Gouvêa Lima
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Vidal Lacerda Gontijo
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Konstantin Georgiev Kostov
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Guaratinguetá Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Albuquerque YE, Danelon M, Salvador MJ, Koga-Ito CY, Botazzo Delbem AC, Ramirez-Rueda RY, Lacerda Gontijo AV, Brighenti FL. Mouthwash containing Croton doctoris essential oil: in vitro study using a validated model of caries induction. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:631-643. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To validate an in vitro caries model and to evaluate an experimental mouthwash containing Croton doctoris essential oil. Materials & methods: To validate the experimental model, we used McBain medium and polymicrobial biofilms. The EOM (essential oil mouthwash) was tested using the validated model. Microbial composition (colony-forming unit/ml), acidogenicity, enamel demineralization (percentage of surface enamel hardness loss), cytotoxicity and essential oil composition were evaluated. Results: The model was validated with 0.5% sucrose, duration of 4 days and treatments twice per day. There were statistically significant differences between the EOM, the negative control and chlorhexidine mouthwash in colony-forming unit/ml and percentage of surface enamel hardness loss. Cytotoxicity was similar to that of chlorhexidine mouthwash. A total of 66.11% of the essential oil consists of sesquiterpenes. Conclusion: The experimental mouthwash showed antimicrobial activity against polymicrobial biofilms and reduced enamel demineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Etienne Albuquerque
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Araraquara. R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara – SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Marcelle Danelon
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Araçatuba. R José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba – SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB and PPG BV, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Postal box 6109, Campinas – SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de São José dos Campos Av Eng Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos – SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Araçatuba. R José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba – SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Román Yesid Ramirez-Rueda
- Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB and PPG BV, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Postal box 6109, Campinas – SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Aline Vidal Lacerda Gontijo
- Department of Plant Biology, PPG BTPB and PPG BV, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Postal box 6109, Campinas – SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de Araraquara. R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara – SP 14801-903, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Crastechini E, Koga-Ito CY, Machado SDF, Teodoro GR, Back-Brito GN, Sangalli J, Dias Almeida J. Effect of ozonized olive oil on oral levels of Candida spp. in patients with denture stomatitis. BDS 2018. [DOI: 10.14295/bds.2018.v21i1.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozonized oil (OZ) on the oral levels of Candida spp. in patients with denture stomatitis. Material and Methods: In vitro tests were performed to validate antifungal activity and to standardize OZ conditions. Antifungal activity was screened against C. albicans and five non-albicans species (C. tropicalis, C. dubliniensis, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, and C. parapsilosis). Also, the effects on C. albicans planktonic and biofilm were evaluated. After validation, OZ was included in a therapeutic protocol of denture stomatitis in vivo. Thirty patients used OZ and 20 used sodium bicarbonate (SB) for 14 days. After 7 and 14 days, clinical evaluation, isolation and identification of yeasts were performed. Isolates were identified by phenotypic and genotypic tests. Ozonized oil showed in vitro antifungal activity against all species of Candida. Ozonized oil reduced the number of viable cells in C. albicans biofilms. Oral candidal levels were lower in relation to baseline both after after 14 days of treatment with SB and OZ. Results: A total of 493 Candida spp. isolates was obtained and 80% were identified as C. albicans. Remission of denture stomatitis was observed in all patients after 7 days of treatment in both groups. Conclusion: Within the limits of the study we can conclude that ozonized olive oil can be a new alternative for the control of biofilm in patients with denture stomatitis. KeywordsOzone; Candida; Antifungal Agents; Stomatitis; Denture.
Collapse
|
16
|
Oliveira MACD, Borges AC, Brighenti FL, Salvador MJ, Gontijo AVL, Koga-Ito CY. Cymbopogon citratus essential oil: effect on polymicrobial caries-related biofilm with low cytotoxicity. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e89. [PMID: 29116300 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and its main compound (citral) against primary dental colonizers and caries-related species. Chemical characterization of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS), and the main compound was determined. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Actinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, S. gordonii, S. mitis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis and S. sobrinus. Minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations were determined by broth microdilution assay for streptococci and lactobacilli reference, and for clinical strains. The effect of the essential oil on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation/disruption was investigated. Negative (without treatment) and positive controls (chlorhexidine) were used. The effect of citral on preformed biofilm was also tested using the same methodology. Monospecies and microcosm biofilms were tested. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used (α=0.05). Cytotoxicity of the essential oil to human keratinocytes was performed by MTT assay. GC/MS demonstrated one major component (citral). The essential oil showed an inhibitory effect on all tested bacterial species, including S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Essential oil of C. citratus (10X MIC) reduced the number of viable cells of lactobacilli and streptococci biofilms (p < 0.05). The essential oil inhibited adhesion of caries-related polymicrobial biofilm to dental enamel (p < 0.01). Citral significantly reduced the number of viable cells of streptococci biofilm (p < 0.001). The essential oil showed low cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes. Based on these findings, this study can contribute to the development of new formulations for products like mouthwash, against dental biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alcionéia Carvalho de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Chiodi Borges
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Vidal Lacerda Gontijo
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - Unesp, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, São José dos Campos , SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pereira D, Seneviratne CJ, Koga-Ito CY, Samaranayake LP. Is the oral fungal pathogen Candida albicans a cariogen? Oral Dis 2017; 24:518-526. [PMID: 28513096 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pathobiology of dental caries is complex. Data from recent molecular microbiologic studies have further redefined the role of the oral microbiome in the etiology of dental caries. This new information challenges the conventional view on the hegemony of classic cariogenic prokaryotes such as Streptococcus mutans in caries etiology, and raises the intriguing possibility of the participation of the eukaryotic oral fungal pathogen Candida in the caries process. The virulence attributes of Candida species such as their acidogenicity and aciduric nature, the ability to develop profuse biofilms, ferment and assimilate dietary sugars, and produce collagenolytic proteinases are all indicative of their latent cariogenic potential. Based on the above, oral candidal counts have been used by some as a caries risk indicator. On the contrary, other studies suggest that Candida is merely a passenger extant in an acidic cariogenic milieu, and not a true pathogen. In this review, we critically examine the varying roles of Candida, and traditionally accepted cariogens such as the mutans group of streptococci in the pathobiology of dental caries. The weight of available data tends to imply that Candida may play a pivotal role as a secondary agent perpetuating the carious process, especially in dentinal caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dfa Pereira
- São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - C J Seneviratne
- Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Y Koga-Ito
- São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - L P Samaranayake
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait.,School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Girondi CM, de Oliveira AB, Prado JA, Koga-Ito CY, Borges AC, Botazzo Delbem AC, Alves Pereira DF, Salvador MJ, Brighenti FL. Screening of plants with antimicrobial activity against enterobacteria, Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:671-681. [PMID: 28541127 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study screened plants for antibacterial properties against bacteria of medical importance. MATERIALS & METHODS 60 extracts were obtained from the leaves of ten plants (Jatropha weddelliana, Attalea phalerata, Buchenavia tomentosa, Croton doctoris, Mouriri elliptica, Mascagnia benthamiana, Senna aculeata, Unonopis guatterioides, Allagoptera leucocalyx and Bactris glaucescens) using different extraction methods: A) Ethanol 70°C/72 h; B) Water/5 min/100°C; C) Water/1 h/55°C; D) Water/72 h; E) Hexane/72 h and F) Ethanol 99°C/72 h. Enterobacteria/Pseudomonas and staphylococci reference strains and 201 clinical isolates were used. Primary screening was done using agar well-diffusion assay. MIC/minimum bactericidal concentration and chemical characterization were determined. RESULTS Extracts 5F and 3A showed the best MIC/minimum bactericidal concentration against clinical isolates and showed the presence of phenols. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that Mouriri elliptica and Buchenavia tomentosa were the most active plants against the studied bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Miorelli Girondi
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Analu Barros de Oliveira
- Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara Dental School, R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Jackeline Alves Prado
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Chiodi Borges
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba Dental School, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Daniel Freitas Alves Pereira
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos Institute of Science & Technology, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), R Monteiro Lobato, 255, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara Dental School, R Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Teodoro GR, Lima GDMG, Silva MB, Lopes PC, Hiraoka CM, Santana-Melo GDF, Pereira DFA, Brighenti FL, Koga-Ito CY. Alternative therapies for denture stomatitis treatment: in vivo experimental model in rats. BDS 2017. [DOI: 10.14295/bds.2017.v20i1.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Denture stomatitis (DS) is a multifactorial condition that commonly affects denture users and is mainly caused by Candida albicans. Due to the toxic effects of antifungal therapy, new therapies for DS are claimed. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of aqueous extract of Buchenavia tomentosa and sodium bicarbonate against C. albicans in a model of DS in rats. Material and Methods: An acrylic resin device simulating a denture base was fixed covering the palate of forty-eight male rats followed by candidiasis induction. Rats were divided into 4 groups (n=12): Control, sodium bicarbonate, B. tomentosa and nystatin (positive control). Each group was subdivided according to the period of treatment; 24 hours (n=6) and 48 hours (n=6). Animals were sacrificed and had their devices removed for C. albicans counts and SEM analysis. The palate mucosa was removed and processed for histopathologic analysis. Results: After 24 hours of treatment, both B. tomentosa and nystatin groups reduced significantly C. albicans counts when compared to control (nystatin x control, p<0.01; B. tomentosa x control, p=0.03). The results were confirmed by the histologic analysis. Conclusion: Both the aqueous extract of B. tomentosa and sodium bicarbonate was able to significantly decrease C. albicans counts in an experimental model of DS.
Collapse
|
20
|
Brighenti FL, Salvador MJ, Gontijo AVL, Delbem ACB, Delbem ÁCB, Soares CP, de Oliveira MAC, Girondi CM, Koga-Ito CY. Plant extracts: initial screening, identification of bioactive compounds and effect against Candida albicans biofilms. Future Microbiol 2016; 12:15-27. [PMID: 27922746 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study screened plants from Brazilian Pantanal for Candida albicans antibiofilm activity. MATERIAL & METHODS Sixty extracts were obtained from ten plants using different extraction methods. Antifungal activity was assessed. Effects on biofilm inhibition and disruption and cytotoxicity were also evaluated. The most active extract was chemically characterized. RESULTS Buchenavia tomentosa ethanolic extract showed noticeable antifungal activity and was selected for biofilm experiments. Subinhibitory concentration of extract inhibited fungal adhesion. Maximum killing reached 90% of C. albicans cells in suspension and 65% of cells in biofilms. The active extract was noncytotoxic. Chemical characterization showed the presence of phenols. Ellagic and gallic acids showed activity on C. albicans. CONCLUSION B. tomentosa extract and its isolated compound, ellagic acid, presented antibiofilm activity and low toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Faculty of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Araraquara, R. Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas/UNICAMP, Postal Box 6109, Campinas, SP 3083-970, Brazil
| | | | - Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
- Faculty of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Araçatuba, R. José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Ádina Cléia Botazzo Delbem
- Faculty of Dentistry, Univ. Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Araçatuba, R. José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, SP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Cristina Pacheco Soares
- Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, São José dos Campos, SP 12244-390, Brazil
| | - Maria Alcionéiac Carvalho de Oliveira
- Institute of Science & Technology, Univ. Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Miorelli Girondi
- Institute of Science & Technology, Univ. Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Institute of Science & Technology, Univ. Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, São José dos Campos, SP 12245-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
de Matos BM, Brighenti FL, Do T, Beighton D, Koga-Ito CY. Acidogenicity of dual-species biofilms of bifidobacteria and Streptococcus mutans. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:1769-1776. [PMID: 27660160 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1958-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the acidogenicity of dual-species biofilms of bifidobacteria and Streptococcus mutans. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following strains were tested: Bifidobacterium dentium DSM20436, Parascardovia denticolens DSM10105, and Scardovia inopinata DSM10107. Streptococcus mutans UA159 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC4356 were used as control. Bifidobacteria were studied planktonically as they were not able to form monospecies biofilm, they were grown in biofilms associated with S. mutans. Endogenous polysaccharide reserves of cultures at log phase were depleted. Standardized suspensions of the microorganisms were incubated in growth media supplemented with 10 mM glucose, lactose, raffinose, glucose, or xylitol. S. mutans biofilms were grown on glass cover slips for 24 h to which bifidobacteria were added. After 24 h, the dual-species biofilms were exposed to the same carbon sources, and after 3 h, the pH of spent culture media and concentrations of organic acids were measured. Statistical analyses were carried out using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS A higher pH drop was observed when S. mutans was associated with P. denticolens or S. inopinata, in either planktonic or biofilm cultures, than with S. mutans alone. Bifidobacteria showed a higher pH drop in the presence of raffinose than S. mutans or L. acidophilus. CONCLUSIONS Dual-species biofilms of bifidobacteria and S. mutans produced more acid and greater pH drops than biofilms of S. mutans alone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE New insights on the complex process of caries pathogenicity contribute to the establishment of preventive and therapeutic measures, in particular in specific cases, such as in early childhood caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Mello de Matos
- Environmental Engineering Department, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco Jose Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, São Paulo, Brazil.,UNIVASF, Univ. Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rua da Alvorada, General Dutra, Paulo Afonso, BA, 48607-190, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, 1680, Centro, Araraquara, SP, 14801-385, Brazil
| | - Thuy Do
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Division of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, Level 7, St James's University Hospital Campus, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - David Beighton
- Dental Institute, King's College London, Bessemer Rd., Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9RW, UK
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Environmental Engineering Department, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco Jose Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, São José dos Campos Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco Jose Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Stieven Montagna L, Amaral Montanheiro TLD, Chiodi Borges A, Yumi Koga-Ito C, Paula Lemes A, Cerqueira Rezende M. Biodegradation of PHBV/GNS nanocomposites byPenicillium funiculosum. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Stieven Montagna
- Department of Science and Technology, Group of Polymers and Macromolecules; Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP); São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil
| | - Thaís Larissa do Amaral Montanheiro
- Department of Science and Technology, Group of Polymers and Macromolecules; Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP); São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil
| | - Aline Chiodi Borges
- Department of Environmental Engineering; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology; São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Department of Environmental Engineering; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology; São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Lemes
- Department of Science and Technology, Group of Polymers and Macromolecules; Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP); São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil
| | - Mirabel Cerqueira Rezende
- Department of Science and Technology, Group of Polymers and Macromolecules; Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP); São José Dos Campos/SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Komiyama EY, Lepesqueur LSS, Yassuda CG, Samaranayake LP, Parahitiyawa NB, Balducci I, Koga-Ito CY. Enterococcus Species in the Oral Cavity: Prevalence, Virulence Factors and Antimicrobial Susceptibility. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163001. [PMID: 27631785 PMCID: PMC5025163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococci are considered as transient constituent components of the oral microbiome that may cause a variety of oral and systemic infections. As there is sparse data on the oral enterococcal prevalence, we evaluated the Enterococcus spp. and their virulence attributes including antimicrobial resistance in a healthy Brazilian cohort. A total of 240 individuals in different age groups were studied (children 4–11 yrs, adolescents 12–17 yrs, young adults 18–29 yrs, adults 30–59 yrs, elderly over 60 yrs). Oral rinses were collected and isolates were identified by API 20 Strep and confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing. E. faecalis isolates, in particular, were evaluated for virulence attributes such as their biofilm formation potential, and susceptibility to antimicrobials and an antiseptic, chlorhexidine gluconate. A total of 40 individuals (16.6%) and 10% children, 4% adolescents, 14% young adults, 30% adults, and 25% elderly carried oral enterococci. The oral enterococcal burden in adolescents was significantly lower than in the adults (p = 0.000) and elderly (p = 0.004). The proportion of carriers was higher among females (p = 0.001). E. faecalis was the most frequent isolate in all the age groups (p = 0.000), followed by E. durans and E. faecium. Whilst all the clinical isolates were able to form biofilms, only a proportion of them were able to produce lipase (92%), hemolysin (38%), and gelatinase (39%). Of all the isolates 53.8% were resistant to tetracycline, 12.3% to amoxicillin, 16.0% to ampicillin, 20.8% to chloramphenicol and 43.4% to erythromycin. None of the isolates were resistant to vancomycin. Our data suggest that in this Brazilian cohort the oral cavity may act as a significant reservoir of rather virulent and antibiotic resistant enterococci, with an increasing degree of carriage in the adults and elderly. Hence clinicians should be cognizant of this silent reservoir of virulent enterococci that may pose a particular threat of nosocomial infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edson Yukio Komiyama
- Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Soares Souto Lepesqueur
- Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Gomes Yassuda
- Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lakshman P. Samaranayake
- UQ Oral Health Centre, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nipuna B. Parahitiyawa
- Department of Oral Bio-Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ivan Balducci
- Department of Social Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, Oral Biopathology Graduate Program, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Brighenti FL, Medeiros AC, Matos BM, Ribeiro ZEA, Koga-Ito CY. Evaluation of caries-associated virulence of biofilms from Candida albicans isolated from saliva of pediatric patients with sickle-cell anemia. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 22:484-9. [PMID: 25591017 PMCID: PMC4307760 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated that the amount of Candida spp. in saliva is higher in children with sickle-cell disease. The results from a recent study demonstrate its participation in the etiology of dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Coelho Medeiros
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mello Matos
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cardoso M, Sangalli J, Koga-Ito CY, Ferreira LL, da Silva Sobrinho AS, Nogueira L. Abutment Coating With Diamond-Like Carbon Films to Reduce Implant-Abutment Bacterial Leakage. J Periodontol 2015; 87:168-74. [PMID: 26513267 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films on bacterial leakage through the interface between abutments and dental implants of external hexagon (EH) and internal hexagon (IH) designs was evaluated. METHODS Film deposition was performed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Sets of implants and abutments (n = 30 per group, sets of 180 implants) were divided according to connection design and treatment of the abutment base: 1) no treatment (control); 2) DLC film deposition; and 3) Ag-DLC film deposition. Under sterile conditions, 1 μL Enterococcus faecalis was inoculated inside the implants, and abutments were tightened. The sets were tested for immediate external contamination, suspended in test tubes containing sterile culture broth, and followed for 5 days. Turbidity of the broth indicated bacterial leakage. At the end of the period, the abutments were removed and the internal content of the implants was collected with paper points and plated in Petri dishes. After 24-hour incubation, they were assessed for bacterial viability and colony-forming unit counting. Bacterial leakage was analyzed by χ(2) and Fisher exact tests (α = 5%). RESULTS The percentage of bacterial leakage was 16.09% for EH implants and 80.71% for IH implants (P <0.0001). The bacterial load was higher inside IH implants (P = 0.000). The type of implant significantly influenced the results (P = 0.000), whereas the films did not (P = 0.487). CONCLUSION IH implants show a higher frequency of bacterial leakage; and DLC and Ag-DLC films do not significantly reduce the frequency of bacterial leakage and bacteria load inside the implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Cardoso
- Dental School, Veiga de Almeida University (UVA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jorgiana Sangalli
- Graduate Program in Oral Biopathology and Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute for Science and Technology, São Paulo State University School of Dentistry (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Graduate Program in Oral Biopathology and Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute for Science and Technology, São Paulo State University School of Dentistry (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lafayette Nogueira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute for Science and Technology, São Paulo State University School of Dentistry, UNESP
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oliveira RVDD, Albuquerque YE, Spolidorio DMP, Koga-Ito CY, Brighenti FL. Influence of different fermentable carbohydrates on dual-species biofilms of S. mutans and A. naeslundii – a pilot study. BDS 2015. [DOI: 10.14295/bds.2015.v18i2.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of presence of different fermentable carbohydrates in the biomass and acidogenicity of biofilm formed by Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 in association with Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 19039. Material and Methods: Single-specie and dual-species biofilms were grown at the bottom of microtiter plates at equal concentration for 24 h at 37 ºC. Carbohydrates were added at 2%: maltose, sucrose, glucose and lactose and as negative control, BHI Broth (0.2% glucose) was used. The pH of each culture was measured to assess acidogenicity after 24 h, immediately after refreshing the culture medium and for the next 30 min, 1 h and 2 h. Crystal violet assay was used as indicator of the total attached biofilm biomass after 24 h incubation and the absorbance was measured at 590 nm. Tukey Multiple Comparison Test was performed for all the statistical analyses. Results: In general, higher amount of biomass was formed by dual-species than single-specie biofilm in the presence of all carbohydrates, except to glucose. In relation to pH, statistically significant differences were observed in S. mutans biofilm only after 24 h, when all carbohydrates showed higher acidogenicity than control group, whereas in dual-species biofilm the highest acidogenicity were found after 24 h for sucrose, lactose, maltose and the control group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the type of biofilm (single or dual-species) and the carbohydrate used may influence both amount of biomass formed and rate of the pH fall.
Collapse
|
27
|
Brighenti FL, Salvador MJ, Delbem ACB, Delbem ÁCB, Oliveira MAC, Soares CP, Freitas LSF, Koga-Ito CY. Systematic screening of plant extracts from the Brazilian Pantanal with antimicrobial activity against bacteria with cariogenic relevance. Caries Res 2014; 48:353-60. [PMID: 24603299 DOI: 10.1159/000357225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study proposes a bioprospection methodology regarding the antimicrobial potential of plant extracts against bacteria with cariogenic relevance. Sixty extracts were obtained from ten plants--(1) Jatropha weddelliana, (2) Attalea phalerata, (3) Buchenavia tomentosa, (4) Croton doctoris, (5) Mouriri elliptica, (6) Mascagnia benthamiana, (7) Senna aculeata, (8) Unonopsis guatterioides, (9) Allagoptera leucocalyx and (10) Bactris glaucescens--using different extraction methods - (A) 70° ethanol 72 h/25°C, (B) water 5 min/100°C, (C) water 1 h/55°C, (D) water 72 h/25°C, (E) hexane 72 h/25°C and (F) 90° ethanol 72 h/25°C. The plants were screened for antibacterial activity at 50 mg/ml using the agar well diffusion test against Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 19039, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 10558, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35688, Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556, Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33478 and Streptococcus mitis ATCC 9811. The active extracts were tested to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), cytotoxicity and chemical characterization. Forty-seven extracts (78%) were active against at least one microorganism. Extract 4A demonstrated the lowest MIC and MBC for all microorganisms except S. gordonii and the extract at MIC concentration was non-cytotoxic. The concentrated extracts were slightly cytotoxic. Electrospray ionization with tandem mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that the extract constituents coincided with the mass of the terpenoids and phenolics. Overall, the best results were obtained for extraction methods A, B and C. The present work proved the antimicrobial activity of several plants. Particularly, extracts from C. doctoris were the most active against bacteria involved in dental caries disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F L Brighenti
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Maekawa LE, Nassri MRG, Ishikawa CK, Martins C, Chung A, Koga-Ito CY. In vitro antimicrobial activity of AH Plus, EndoREZ and Epiphany against microorganisms. Indian J Dent Res 2013; 23:469-72. [PMID: 23257479 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.104951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of endodontic sealers against microorganisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The agar diffusion method was used. A double base layer of Mueller Hinton agar was done. The microorganisms used were: Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The wells were obtained by removing a standardized portion of the agar. After the distribution of the sealers, Petri plates were incubated for 24 h. Inhibition halos formed around the wells were measured. RESULTS Epiphany did not show any antimicrobial activity on the tested microorganisms (without inhibition halo). The AH Plus showed the greatest inhibition halo on C. albicans followed by EndoREZ on S. aureus. EndoREZ also showed greater inhibition halo in comparison to AH Plus on E. faecalis and E. coli. CONCLUSION It could be concluded that AH Plus and EndoREZ showed antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms. No antimicrobial activity was observed for Epiphany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Eiko Maekawa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Back-Brito GN, da Mota AJ, de Souza Bernardes LÂ, Takamune SS, Prado EDFGB, Cordás TA, Balducci I, da Nobrega FG, Koga-Ito CY. Effects of eating disorders on oral fungal diversity. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 113:512-7. [PMID: 22668429 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eating disorders anorexia and bulimia nervosa can cause several systemic and oral alterations related to poor nutrition and induced vomiting; however, the oral microflora of these patients is poorly studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate fungal microflora in the oral cavity of these patients by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. STUDY DESIGN Oral rinse samples were cultured to assess the prevalence of Candida species, and the isolates were identified by API system. Microorganism counts were compared by the Mann-Whitney test (5%). Ribotyping, a type of molecular analysis, was performed by sequencing the D1/D2 regions of 28S rRNA. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the eating disorder group showed higher oral Candida spp. prevalence with culture-dependent methods and higher species diversity with culture-independent methods. CONCLUSIONS Eating disorders can lead to an increased oral Candida carriage. Culture-independent identification found greater fungal diversity than culture-dependent methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Nuernberg Back-Brito
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, University Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Queiroz JRC, Fissmer SF, Koga-Ito CY, Salvia ACRD, Massi M, Sobrinho ASDS, Júnior LN. Effect of Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Film Coated Acrylic Resin on Candida albicans
Biofilm Formation. J Prosthodont 2013; 22:451-5. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Fernanda Fissmer
- Department of Physics; Technological Institute of Aeronautics; São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis; Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos - UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista; São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Ana C. R. D. Salvia
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis; Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos - UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista; São José dos Campos Brazil
| | - Marcos Massi
- Department of Physics; Technological Institute of Aeronautics; São José dos Campos Brazil
| | | | - Lafayette Nogueira Júnior
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics; Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos - UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista; São José dos Campos Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Oliveira FE, Almeida JD, Koga-Ito CY. Participation of micro-organisms of dental interest in the etiology of Burning Mouth Syndrome: literature review. BDS 2013. [DOI: 10.14295/bds.2013.v16i2.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is a pathologic entity characterized by the presence of chronic symptoms of burning or pain in normal oral mucosa. It mainly affects women in the postmenopausal period, and its cause is unknown, but as there is an association with biological and psychological factors, it may assume a multifactorial etiology. Considering the unclear etiology of BMS, studies that contribute to its understanding are of great importance. In order to achieve a better understanding regarding microbial etiological factors of this disease, the aim of this review is to compile studies on possible involvement of micro-organisms of dental interest in the etiology of BMS. Studies have reported that patients with BMS harbor greater amount of intra-oral Candida and Enterobacteriaceae than patients without clinical manifestations of this disease.Different sources such as articles, books and journals, published in the world literature, were used in this research. These sources were accessed by databases like PubMed, SciELO, Scopus or search of full text. Studies in the literature have suggested that Candida and Enterococcus were correlated with BMS, although they might not necessarily be considered as an etiological factor but a predisposing factor. However, further studies that aim to elucidate relation between BMS and infectious factors are necessary.KeywordsCandida; Enterobacteriaceae; Burning mouth syndrome.
Collapse
|
32
|
Valera MC, Maekawa LE, Chung A, de Oliveira LD, Carvalho CAT, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Effectiveness of castor oil extract on Escherichia coli and its endotoxins in root canals. Gen Dent 2012; 60:e204-e209. [PMID: 22782052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This in vitro study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of castor oil extract used as an irrigating solution on Escherichia coli and its endotoxins in root canals. Sixty single-rooted teeth were prepared (using castor oil extract as irrigating solution) and divided into five groups (n = 12): Group 1 samples were treated with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), Group 2 samples were treated with polymyxin B, Group 3 samples were treated with Ca(OH)2 and 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), and Group 4 samples were treated with castor oil extract. A control group used physiological saline solution as an irrigant. Canal content samples were collected at four different times: immediately after instrumentation, seven days after instrumentation, after 14 days of intracanal medication, and seven days after removal of intracanal medication. A plating method was used to assess antimicrobial activity and the quantification of endotoxins was evaluated by the chromogenic Limulus lysate assay. Data were submitted to ANOVA and a Dunn test (a = 5%). Irrigation with castor oil extract decreased E. coli counts but had no effect on the level of endotoxins. Samples taken seven days after removal of medication revealed a significant reduction in endotoxin levels in Groups 3 and 4. Compared to the saline solution irrigation, castor oil extract decreased microorganism counts in root canals immediately after canal preparation. None of the medications used completely eliminated endotoxins in the root canal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Carneiro Valera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose dos Campos Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
de Araújo Navas EAF, Sato EI, Pereira DFA, Back-Brito GN, Ishikawa JA, Jorge AOC, Brighenti FL, Koga-Ito CY. Oral microbial colonization in patients with systemic lupus erythematous: correlation with treatment and disease activity. Lupus 2012; 21:969-77. [PMID: 22453994 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312443420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Treating patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with steroids and immunosuppressive drugs may interfere in the presence of potentially opportunistic microorganisms in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Candida spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteria and Pseudomonas spp. in the oral cavity of SLE patients, compared with healthy controls. A group of 40 patients who had received therapy for at least 60 days was selected (19-53 years). For the control group, 40 healthy individuals matched for age, gender and use of partial prosthesis were selected. Oral rinse samples were collected and plated on specific culture media. After incubation, the number of colony forming units (CFU) was obtained and the isolates were identified at species level. Microbial counts were compared between SLE and control by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney (p < 0.05 significant). Microorganism counts in patients with and without immunosuppressive drugs, as well with active and inactive disease (according to SLEDAI score) were also compared. No significant differences in CFU/mL between SLE and control patients were observed (yeasts, p = 0.55; Staphylococci, p = 0.24; Enterobacteria/Pseudomonas spp., p = 0.26). No differences in microbial counts were observed regarding clinical parameters tested. The most frequent species isolated in the SLE group were Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella oxytoca. In conclusion, no differences in frequency and microorganism levels were found between SLE patients and healthy individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E A F de Araújo Navas
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Querido SMR, Back-Brito GN, Dos Santos SSF, Leão MVP, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Opportunistic microorganisms in patients undergoing antibiotic therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. Braz J Microbiol 2011; 42:1321-8. [PMID: 24031759 PMCID: PMC3768714 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220110004000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial therapy may cause changes in the resident oral microbiota, with the increase of opportunistic pathogens. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of Candida, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity of fifty patients undergoing antibiotic therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis and systemically healthy controls. Oral rinsing and subgingival samples were obtained, plated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol, mannitol agar and MacConkey agar, and incubated for 48 h at 37°C. Candida spp. and coagulase-positive staphylococci were identified by phenotypic tests, C. dubliniensis, by multiplex PCR, and coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas spp., by the API systems. The number of Candida spp. was significantly higher in tuberculosis patients, and C. albicans was the most prevalent specie. No significant differences in the prevalence of other microorganisms were observed. In conclusion, the antimicrobial therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis induced significant increase only in the amounts of Candida spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Maria Rodrigues Querido
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Biociências e Diagnóstico Bucal, Faculdade de Odontologia, São José dos Campos, Universidade Estadual Paulista , São José dos Campos, SP , Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Querido SMR, Back-Brito GN, Santos SSFD, Leão MVP, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Opportunistic microorganisms in patients undergoing antibiotic therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. Braz J Microbiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822011000400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
36
|
Maekawa LE, Valera MC, Oliveira LDD, Carvalho CAT, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. In vitro evaluation of the action of irrigating solutions associated with intracanal medications on Escherichia coli and its endotoxin in root canals. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:106-12. [PMID: 21552710 PMCID: PMC4243747 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011000200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of auxiliary chemical substances and intracanal medications on Escherichia coli and its endotoxin in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Teeth were contaminated with a suspension of E. coli for 14 days and divided into 3 groups according to the auxiliary chemical substance used: G1) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G2) 2% chlorhexidine gel (CLX); G3) pyrogen-free solution. After, these groups were subdivided according to the intracanal medication (ICM): A) Calcium hydroxide paste (Calen®), B) polymyxin B, and C) Calcium hydroxide paste+2% CLX gel. For the control group (G4), pyrogen-free saline solution was used without application of intracanal medication. Samples of the root canal content were collected immediately after biomechanical preparation (BMP), at 7 days after BMP, after 14 days of intracanal medication activity, and 7 days after removal of intracanal medication. The following aspects were evaluated for all collections: a) antimicrobial activity; b) quantification of endotoxin by the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test (LAL). Results were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests at 5% significance level. RESULTS The 2.5% NaOCl and CLX were able to eliminate E. coli from root canal lumen and reduced the amount of endotoxin compared to saline. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that 2.5% NaOCl and CLX were effective in eliminating E. coli. Only the studied intracanal medications were to reduce the amount of endotoxin present in the root canals, regardless of the irrigant used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Eiko Maekawa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ribeiro PM, Bacal F, Koga-Ito CY, Junqueira JC, Jorge AOC. Presence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of heart transplantation patients. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:6-10. [PMID: 21437462 PMCID: PMC4245856 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida spp. can lead to infections or even fungal sepsis
particularly among immunocompromized individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Monteiro Ribeiro
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Silva FC, Freitas LRPD, Lourenço APDA, Junior ACRB, Jorge AOC, Oliveira LDD, Koga-Ito CY. Análise da efetividade da instrumentação associada à Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana e medicação intracanal na eliminação de biofilmes de Enterococcus faecalis em canais radiculares. BDS 2011. [DOI: 10.14295/bds.2010.v13i1/2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMOA eliminação total dos microrganismos dos canais radiculares é um procedimento de dificuldade extrema. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro a efetividade da instrumentação associada à terapia fotodinâmica na eliminação de Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 nos canais radiculares. Foram utilizadas 20 raízes dentárias humanas que foram contaminadas com Enterococcus faecalis (incubação 14 dias). Após 14 dias, foi realizada coleta do conteúdo intracanal que foi semeada em meio de cultura TSA. Os canais foram instrumentados e preenchidos com associação do corante azuleno 25% e Endo-PTC durante 5 minutos e irradiados com laser ArGaAl por 3 minutos, somente no grupo teste. Outras duas coletas foram realizadas, sendo uma imediatamente e outra após 7 dias da terapia fotodinâmica, onde receberam medicação intracanal (polimixina B com clorexidina gel 2%) por 14 dias. Uma última coleta foi realizada após 7 dias da remoção da medicação. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística Mann-Whitney (5%). Concluiu-se que a instrumentação associada a Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana frente a Enterococcus faecalis foi efetiva, mas não eliminou totalmente o biofilme intracanal monoespécie. Foi possível concluir também que a utilização da medicação intracanal de clorexidina gel 2% associada a polimixina B apresentou significativa efetividade sobre Enterococcus faecalis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Ribeiro PM, Querido SMR, Back-Brito GN, Mota AJ, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Research on Candida dubliniensis in a Brazilian yeast collection obtained from cardiac transplant, tuberculosis, and HIV-positive patients, and evaluation of phenotypic tests using agar screening methods. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 71:81-6. [PMID: 21763095 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to research Candida dubliniensis among isolates present in a Brazilian yeast collection and to evaluate the main phenotypic methods for discrimination between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis from oral cavity. A total of 200 isolates, presumptively identified as C. albicans or C. dubliniensis obtained from heart transplant patients under immunosuppressive therapy, tuberculosis patients under antibiotic therapy, HIV-positive patients under antiretroviral therapy, and healthy subjects, were analyzed using the following phenotypic tests: formation and structural arrangement of chlamydospores on corn meal agar, casein agar, tobacco agar, and sunflower seed agar; growth at 45 °C; and germ tube formation. All strains were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In a preliminary screen for C. dubliniensis, 48 of the 200 isolates on corn meal agar, 30 of the 200 on casein agar, 16 of the 200 on tobacco agar, and 15 of the 200 on sunflower seed agar produced chlamydoconidia; 27 of the 200 isolates showed no or poor growth at 45 °C. All isolates were positive for germ tube formation. These isolates were considered suggestive of C. dubliniensis. All of them were subjected to PCR analysis using C. dubliniensis-specific primers. C. dubliniensis isolates were not found. C. dubliniensis isolates were not recovered in this study done with immunocompromised patients. Sunflower seed agar was the medium with the smallest number of isolates of C. albicans suggestive of C. dubliniensis. None of the phenotypic methods was 100% effective for discrimination between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Monteiro Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Machado AG, Komiyama EY, Santos SSFD, Jorge AOC, Brighenti FL, Koga-Ito CY. In vitro adherence of Candida albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:384-7. [PMID: 21710096 PMCID: PMC4223791 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011005000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adherence is considered an extremely important virulence factor in yeast. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the adherence to epithelial cells of C. albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison to healthy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Candida albicans cells isolated from individuals with chronic periodontitis (n=25) and healthy controls (n=25) were included in this study. Suspensions of C. albicans (10(6) cells/mL) and epithelial cells (10(5) cells/mL) were mixed and incubated at 37ºC for 1 h. The number of yeasts adhered to 25 epithelial cells was counted. RESULTS The number of C. albicans cells adhered to epithelial cells was statistically higher in the chronic periodontitis group than in the control group (Student's t-test, p=0.000). CONCLUSION The results of the present study suggest a higher Candida adherence of samples isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Gadotti Machado
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, State University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Back-Brito GN, El Ackhar VNR, Querido SMR, dos Santos SSF, Jorge AOC, Reis ADSDM, Koga-Ito CY. Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae oral isolates from Brazilian HIV-positive patients. Correlation with CD4 cell counts and viral load. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:1041-6. [PMID: 21420663 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in the oral cavities of HIV-positive patients. Forty-five individuals diagnosed as HIV-positive by ELISA and Western-blot, and under anti-retroviral therapy for at least 1 year, were included in the study. The control group constituted 45 systemically healthy individuals matched to the HIV patients to gender, age and oral conditions. Oral rinses were collected and isolates were identified by API system. Counts of microorganisms from HIV and control groups were compared statistically by a Mann-Whitney test (α=5%). The percentages of individuals positive for staphylococci were similar between the groups (p=0.764), whereas for Gram-negative rods, a higher percentage was observed amongst HIV-positive (p=0.001). There was no difference in Staphylococcus counts between HIV and control groups (p=0.1008). Counts were lower in the oral cavities of patients with low viral load (p=0.021), and no difference was observed in relation to CD4 counts (p=0.929). Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated species in HIV group, and Staphylococcus epidermidis was the prevalent species in the control group. Significantly higher numbers of enteric bacteria and pseudomonas were detected in the oral cavities of the HIV group than in the control (p=0.0001). Enterobacter cloacae was the most frequently isolated species in both groups. Counts of enteric bacteria and pseudomonas were significantly lower in patients with low CD4 counts (p=0.011); however, there was no difference relating to viral load. It may be concluded that HIV group showed greater species diversity and a higher prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae/Pseudomonadaceae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Nuernberg Back-Brito
- Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, Laboratory of Microbiology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista/UNESP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Salvia ACRD, Teodoro GR, Balducci I, Koga-Ito CY, Oliveira SHGD. Effectiveness of 2% peracetic acid for the disinfection of gutta-percha cones. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25:23-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242011000100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
43
|
Brito GNB, Inocêncio AC, Querido SMR, Jorge AOC, Koga-Ito CY. In vitro antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. oral isolates from HIV-positive patients and control individuals. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25:28-33. [PMID: 21271179 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242011005000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal candidiasis is the most common fungal infection among HIV-positive patients. This condition can be treated with either systemic or topical antifungal agents; treatments are usually indicated empirically on the basis of clinical data. The knowledge of in vitro antifungal susceptibility is important to determine correct therapeutic guides for the treatment of fungal infections. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the antifungal susceptibility profile of oral Candida isolates from HIV-positive patients and control individuals. Amphotericin B, fluconazole, flucytosine, nystatin and ketoconazole were tested according to the methodology of microdilution proposed by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI); results were recorded in values of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). A total of 71 Candida isolates from HIV-positive patients were examined with the following species represented: C. albicans (59), C. tropicalis (9), C. glabrata (1), C. guilliermondii (1) and C. krusei (1). A total of 15 Candida isolates were evaluated from control individuals comprised of 11 C. albicans and 4 C. tropicalis samples. Our results demonstrated that the tested antifungal agents showed good activity for most isolates from both groups; however, variability in MIC values among isolates was observed.
Collapse
|
44
|
Valera MC, da Rosa JA, Maekawa LE, de Oliveira LD, Carvalho CAT, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Action of propolis and medications against Escherichia coli and endotoxin in root canals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 110:e70-4. [PMID: 20868987 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the action of propolis and intracanal medications against Escherichia coli and endotoxin. Forty-eight dental roots were contaminated with E. coli. The root canals were instrumented with propolis and divided into groups according to the type of intracanal medication: Ca(OH)(2), polymyxin B, or Ca(OH)(2) + 2% chlorhexidine gel. In the control group, saline solution was used without application of intracanal medication. Counts of colony-forming units were carried out and the endotoxin was quantified by the chromogenic Limulus amobocyte lysate assay. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance and the Dunn test (5%). Root canal irrigation with propolis was effective to completely eliminate E. coli and reduce the amount of endotoxins. All intracanal medications contributed to the significant decrease in endotoxins. Only intracanal medications may reduce the amount of endotoxins in the root canals. The greatest efficacy was observed for medications containing Ca(OH)(2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Carneiro Valera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bremenkamp RM, Caris AR, Jorge AOC, Back-Brito GN, Mota AJ, Balducci I, Brighenti FL, Koga-Ito CY. Prevalence and antifungal resistance profile of Candida spp. oral isolates from patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 56:549-55. [PMID: 21183157 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of the study was to measure the prevalence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of patients with diabetes types 1 and 2 when compared to healthy individuals and to study antifungal resistance profile of the isolates. DESIGN There were 162 subjects in the study: diabetes type 1 (n=39); control group 1 (n=50): healthy individuals matched in gender, age, and oral conditions to diabetes type 1 patients; diabetes type 2 (n=37); control group 2 (n=36) who were matched to each patient of the diabetes type 2 group. Stimulated saliva was collected and isolates were identified with phenotypic tests. The presence of C. dubliniensis was determined by multiplex PCR. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in Candida spp. frequency between the diabetes 1 group and its control (p=0.443) nor between the diabetes 2 group and its control (p=0.429). C. albicans was the most frequently isolated yeast in all groups. In the diabetes groups, C. stellatoidea, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. lipolytica, C. glabrata, and C. krusei were also identified. Additionally, in control groups, C. kefyr was also detected. None of the isolates were resistant to amphotericin B and flucytosine. A low percentage of the isolates were resistant to ketoconazole. CONCLUSIONS No differences were detected in colonization of Candida spp. oral isolates from type 1 and type 2 diabetes when compared to matched controls. The antifungal resistance of Candida spp. isolates for ketoconazole from type 1 diabetes patients was significantly higher than that of its matched control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Bremenkamp
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Microbiology and Immunology, São José dos Campos Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista, Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São Dimas, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Komiyama EY, Back-Brito GN, Balducci I, Koga-Ito CY. Evaluation of alternative methods for the disinfection of toothbrushes. Braz Oral Res 2010; 24:28-33. [PMID: 20339710 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242010000100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate alternative methods for the disinfection of toothbrushes considering that most of the previously proposed methods are expensive and cannot be easily implemented. Two-hundred toothbrushes with standardized dimensions and bristles were included in the study. The toothbrushes were divided into 20 experimental groups (n = 10), according to microorganism considered and chemical agent used. The toothbrushes were contaminated in vitro by standardized suspensions of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus or Candida albicans. The following disinfectants were tested: 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate, 50% white vinegar, a triclosan-containing dentifrice solution, and a perborate-based tablet solution. The disinfection method was immersion in the disinfectant for 10 min. After the disinfection procedure, the number of remaining microbial cells was evaluated. The values of cfu/toothbrush of each group of microorganism after disinfection were compared by Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Dunn's test for multiple comparisons (5%). The chlorhexidine digluconate solution was the most effective disinfectant. The triclosan-based dentifrice solution promoted a significant reduction of all microorganisms' counts in relation to the control group. As to the disinfection with 50% vinegar, a significant reduction was observed for all the microorganisms, except for C. albicans. The sodium perborate solution was the less effective against the tested microorganisms. Solutions based on triclosan-containing dentifrice may be considered effective, nontoxic, cost-effective, and an easily applicable alternative for the disinfection of toothbrushes. The vinegar solution reduced the presence of S. aureus, S. mutans and S. pyogenes on toothbrushes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edson Yukio Komiyama
- Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o isolamento e identificação de leveduras do gênero Candida em meio de cultura cromogênico CHROMagar Candida com o isolamento convencional em ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol. Foram coletadas amostras de saliva de 50 indivíduos com idades entre 13 e 70 anos. Os participantes realizaram enxágue bucal com solução fisiológica esterilizada e tamponada com fosfato (PBS) durante 30 s. Essas amostras foram semeadas em CHROMagar Candida e ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol e incubadas a 37°C por 48h. A seguir, foi realizada a contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC/mL) em CHROMagar Candida e em Agar Sabouraud. Foi realizada a identificação presuntiva das espécies de Candida em CHROMagar através da observação da morfologia e cor das colônias. As colônias de Candida foram isoladas para identificação fenotípica convencional por meio das provas de produção de tubos germinativos, formação de hifas e clamidoconídeos, fermentação e assimilação de açúcares, diferencial de temperatura e urease. Os isolados identificados como C. albicans também foram analisados genotipicamente, pela técnica de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase, para diferenciação de C. dubliniensis. Os resultados demonstraram que o ágar Sabouraud apresentou maior contagem de leveduras (UFC/mL) em relação ao CHROMagar, entretanto sem diferença estatisticamente significante. O CHROMagar foi eficaz na pré-identificação de Candida albicans e Candida tropicalis. Concluiu-se que ambos os meios foram eficazes para o crescimento de leveduras, sendo que o ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol apresentou maior quantidade de UFC/mL. O CHROMagar possibilitou a identificação presuntiva da maioria das espécies de Candida.
Collapse
|
48
|
Valera MC, Maekawa LE, Oliveira LDD, Carvalho CAT, Koga-Ito CY, Jorge AOC. Avaliação da solução de clorexidina 2% e medicamentos sobre Escherichia coli e sua endotoxina em canais radiculares. BDS 2010. [DOI: 10.14295/bds.2009.v12i3.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade da solução de clorexidina 2% e medicações intracanais sobre Eschericha coli e endotoxina em canais radiculares. Os canais radiculares de 48 dentes unirradiculados foram contaminados com E. coli por 14 dias, instrumentados com solução de clorexidina 2% e divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com a medicação intracanal (MIC) utilizada: pasta de Ca(OH)2, polimixina B, Ca(OH)2 + clorexidina gel 2% (CLX). No grupo controle foi utilizada somente solução fisiológica. Foram realizadas coletas do conteúdo do canal radicular imediatamente após a instrumentação (S1), após 7 dias da instrumentação (S2), imediatamente após 14 dias da ação da MIC (S3) e 7 dias após remoção da MIC (S4). Para todas as coletas foram realizados os seguintes testes: a) análise microbiológica; b) quantificação de endotoxina pelo teste cromogênico do lisado de amebócitos do Limulus. Os resultados foram analisados pelo teste de ANOVA e Dunn (5%). Na amostra S2 a sol. CLX 2% apresentou melhores resultados em relação à solução fisiológica. Na amostra S3 houve diferença estatística do Ca(OH)2 + CLX em relação ao Ca(OH)2 e polimixina B. Na amostra S4 não houve diferenças estatísticas significantes entre os grupos. Conclui-se que somente as medicações intracanais são capazes de diminuir significativamente a quantidade de endotoxinas.
Collapse
|
49
|
Valera MC, Salvia ACRD, Maekawa LE, Camargo SEA, Carvalho CAT, Camargo CHR, Koga-Ito CY. Antimicrobial analysis of chlorhexidine gel and intracanal medicaments against microorganisms inoculated in root canals. Minerva Stomatol 2010; 59:415-421. [PMID: 20842079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this paper was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gel (CLX) associated with various intracanal medicaments against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals. METHODS Thirty six human single-rooted teeth were contaminated with C.albicans and E.faecalis. The canals were instrumented using 2% CLX gel and were divided into three groups according to the intracanal medicaments (ICM) used. Group 1: calcium hydroxide paste [Ca(OH)₂], Group 2: 2% chlorhexidine gel (CLX) and Group 3: 2% CLX gel + Ca(OH)₂. The root canal collections were performed after 21 days of contamination (control collection), after instrumentation (1st collection), after 14 days of intracanal medicament (2nd collection) and 7 days after medicament removal (3rd collection). The microbiological samples were plated in culture media and incubated for 48 hours. The results were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS It was verified that the instrumentation with CLX reduced the number of CFU/ml significantly when compared with the confirmation collection (control). However, the use of the ICM was only capable to eliminate completely the microorganisms in the root canals without difference statistics between them. CONCLUSION Although the use of 2% chlorherixidine gel reduces the number of microorganisms significantly, only the ICM calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide associated with chlorhexidine are able to eliminate these microorganisms completely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Valera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Koga-Ito CY, Komiyama EY, Martins CADP, Vasconcellos TC, Jorge AOC, Carvalho YR, do Prado RF, Balducci I. Experimental systemic virulence of oral Candida dubliniensis isolates in comparison with Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei. Mycoses 2010; 54:e278-85. [PMID: 20492535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2010.01899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There are no previous studies on the comparative virulence of Candida dubliniensis with other non-albicans species. The aim of this study was to compare the virulence and infection kinetics of C. dubliniensis and other species. Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei (reference strains) were inoculated intravenously in mice. For infection kinetics evaluation, a group of five animals were sacrificed after 6 h, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Microbiological evaluations (liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and brain) and histopathological examination of the kidney were performed. The results of virulence evaluation were analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (5%). Candida dubliniensis-inoculated mice survived for longer periods compared with those with C. albicans (P = 0.005). No differences were detected in relation to C. tropicalis (P = 0.326) and C. krusei (P = 0.317). Most of the organs were persistently colonised by C. albicans and C. dubliniensis even by day 21. Tendency of C. krusei clearance was observed in all organs. Fungal masses and renal lesions were observed after inoculation of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. tropicalis. Within the limits of the study, data on survival rate and dissemination capacity suggest that C. dubliniensis is less virulent than C. albicans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Oral Biosciences and Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos - SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|