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Kanamura CT, Piazza RMF, Iglézias SD'A, Borges CC, Sansone M, Polatto JM, Teixeira DL, da Silva MA, Rocha LB, Nogueira JS, Maeda AY, da Silva Vasami FG. Anti-DENV-NS1 monoclonal antibody for the differential histopathological diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever caused by dengue. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:777-783. [PMID: 35129818 PMCID: PMC9151983 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent arboviral disease in humans in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in urban areas, and can cause major epidemics. Although a self-limiting illness, it may sometimes have serious hemorrhagic manifestations, and the outcome of dengue hemorrhagic fever has similar clinical manifestations as in other infections, which could result in death. Therefore, autopsy procedures are required under certain circumstances such as in hemorrhagic fevers, sometimes to confirm or to clarify the diagnosis that may have epidemiological consequences. Normally, the Immunohistochemistry Laboratory of the Pathology Center of Adolfo Lutz Institute receives autopsy samples from different hospitals in Sao Paulo State to confirm a previous diagnosis, especially hemorrhagic fever of infectious etiology. For this diagnosis, we have been using a mouse polyclonal antibody to dengue virus that often does not provide a clear conclusion, because of background staining or no relevant immunostaining, which hampers the histopathological analysis. Accordingly, in the present study, anti-DENV-NS1 monoclonal antibody (4H2) was tested to determine its accuracy in immunohistochemical analysis. Twenty-four autopsy cases of hemorrhagic febrile syndrome showing histopathological alterations compatible with dengue disease were studied: twenty cases were confirmed by RT-PCR for DENV-2 and in four by RT-PCR for yellow fever virus. Samples from autopsied cases of deaths caused by other infectious diseases (two meningitis C and two severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by influenza A H1N1) were included as negative control cases. Positive immunostaining for DENV-NS1 was detected in 16/20 (80%) liver samples and 11/15 (73%) spleen samples from autopsied hemorrhagic dengue patients, whereas the polyclonal antibody detected DENV antigens in 12/20 (60%) liver and in 6/15 (40%) spleen samples from the same cases. Positive results were not obtained with liver biopsy samples from yellow fever or Neisseria meningitides and Flu-A cases. 4H2 mAb recognizes the native protein of the four DENV serotypes in infected cells and did not cross-react with native ZIKV- or CHKV-infected cells by immunohistochemical assay, so it is a useful tool for differential histopathological conclusion of acute febrile hemorrhagic deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Takami Kanamura
- Núcleo de Anatomia Patológica Do Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cinthya Cirqueira Borges
- Núcleo de Anatomia Patológica Do Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sansone
- Núcleo de Anatomia Patológica Do Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Juliana Silva Nogueira
- Núcleo de Doenças de Transmissão Vetorial Do Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Yurika Maeda
- Núcleo de Doenças de Transmissão Vetorial Do Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Lopes-Junior EH, Bertevello CR, de Oliveira Silveira G, Guedes CB, Rodrigues GD, Ribeiro VS, Amaral MS, Kanamura CT, Pinto PLS, Krüger RF, Verjovski-Almeida S, Oliveira KC. Human tumor necrosis factor alpha affects the egg-laying dynamics and glucose metabolism of Schistosoma mansoni adult worms in vitro. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:176. [PMID: 35610661 PMCID: PMC9128126 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have described the effects of human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF-α) on Schistosoma mansoni. hTNF-α affects the worm’s development, metabolism, egg-laying, gene expression and protein phosphorylation. The available data on the influence of hTNF-α on egg-laying in S. mansoni are controversial, but understanding the mechanism of egg-laying regulation in this species is essential in combating schistosomiasis. We characterized the effects of in vitro treatment of S. mansoni adult worms with different doses of hTNF-α (5, 20 and 40 ng/ml) for 5 days. We explored the effects on egg-laying rate, glucose levels, ATP metabolism, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of lactate dehydrogenase, glucose transporters and the parasite gene which acts as an hTNF-α receptor, SmTNFR. hTNF-α influenced egg-laying in a time- and dose-dependent manner: at a dose of 40 ng/ml, egg-laying increased on day 2 and decreased on days 3 and 4; at 20 ng/ml, egg-laying decreased on day 3; while at 5 ng/ml, egg-laying decreased on day 4. The total number of eggs produced was not affected by the different treatments, but the egg-laying dynamics were: the median egg-laying time decreased significantly with treatment, and egg developmental stages and size were also affected. At 5 and 20 ng/ml hTNF-α, lactate production diminished on day 3 up to day 5, while glucose uptake increased on day 5. At 40 ng/ml, glucose uptake diminished on day 1 up to day 3, while ATP accumulation was detected on day 5. No significant changes in mRNA expression were detected in any of the treatments. We found that crosstalk involving hTNF-α and parasite signaling plays a role in the fine-scale regulation of the worm’s metabolism and physiology, and points to new strategies for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ednilson Hilário Lopes-Junior
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Romero Bertevello
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilbert de Oliveira Silveira
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Banca Guedes
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gratchela Dutra Rodrigues
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Viviane Sousa Ribeiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Sergio Verjovski-Almeida
- Laboratório de Parasitologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia Cristina Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Martin MDGM, Paes VR, Cardoso EF, Neto CEBP, Kanamura CT, Leite CDC, Otaduy MCG, Monteiro RADA, Mauad T, da Silva LFF, Castro LHM, Saldiva PHN, Dolhnikoff M, Duarte-Neto AN. Postmortem brain 7T MRI with minimally invasive pathological correlation in deceased COVID-19 subjects. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:7. [PMID: 35032223 PMCID: PMC8760871 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01144-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain abnormalities are a concern in COVID-19, so we used minimally invasive autopsy (MIA) to investigate it, consisting of brain 7T MR and CT images and tissue sampling via transethmoidal route with at least three fragments: the first one for reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and the remaining fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Two mouse monoclonal anti-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies were employed in immunohistochemical (IHC) reactions. RESULTS Seven deceased COVID-19 patients underwent MIA with brain MR and CT images, six of them with tissue sampling. Imaging findings included infarcts, punctate brain hemorrhagic foci, subarachnoid hemorrhage and signal abnormalities in the splenium, basal ganglia, white matter, hippocampi and posterior cortico-subcortical. Punctate brain hemorrhage was the most common finding (three out of seven cases). Brain histological analysis revealed reactive gliosis, congestion, cortical neuron eosinophilic degeneration and axonal disruption in all six cases. Other findings included edema (5 cases), discrete perivascular hemorrhages (5), cerebral small vessel disease (3), perivascular hemosiderin deposits (3), Alzheimer type II glia (3), abundant corpora amylacea (3), ischemic foci (1), periventricular encephalitis foci (1), periventricular vascular ectasia (1) and fibrin thrombi (1). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected with RT-PCR in 5 out of 5 and IHC in 6 out 6 patients (100%). CONCLUSIONS Despite limited sampling, MIA was an effective tool to evaluate underlying pathological brain changes in deceased COVID-19 patients. Imaging findings were varied, and pathological features corroborated signs of hypoxia, alterations related to systemic critically ill and SARS-CoV-2 brain invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria da Graça Morais Martin
- Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, LIM44, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 75, São Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Ribeiro Paes
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellison Fernando Cardoso
- Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, LIM44, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 75, São Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia da Costa Leite
- Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, LIM 44 HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy
- Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, LIM44, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 75, São Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Mauad
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Servico de Verificaçao de Óbitos de São Paulo (SVO), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil
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Duarte-Neto AN, Ferraz da Silva LF, Monteiro RADA, Theodoro Filho J, Leite TLLF, de Moura CS, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Pinho JRR, Kanamura CT, de Oliveria EP, Bispo KCS, Arruda C, Dos Santos AB, Aquino FCG, Caldini EG, Mauad T, Saldiva PHN, Dolhnikoff M. Ultrasound-Guided Minimally Invasive Tissue Sampling: A Minimally Invasive Autopsy Strategy During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil, 2020. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:S442-S453. [PMID: 34910174 PMCID: PMC8672862 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive autopsies, also known as minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), have proven to be an alternative to complete diagnostic autopsies (CDAs) in places or situations where this procedure cannot be performed. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, CDAs were suspended by March 2020 in Brazil to reduce biohazard. To contribute to the understanding of COVID-19 pathology, we have conducted ultrasound (US)-guided MITS as a strategy. METHODS This case series study includes 80 autopsies performed in patients with COVID-19 confirmed by laboratorial tests. Different organs were sampled using a standardized MITS protocol. Tissues were submitted to histopathological analysis as well as immunohistochemical and molecular analysis and electron microscopy in selected cases. RESULTS US-guided MITS proved to be a safe and highly accurate procedure; none of the personnel were infected, and accuracy ranged from 69.1% for kidney, up to 90.1% for lungs, and reaching 98.7% and 97.5% for liver and heart, respectively. US-guided MITS provided a systemic view of the disease, describing the most common pathological findings and identifying viral and other infectious agents using ancillary techniques, and also allowed COVID-19 diagnosis confirmation in 5% of the cases that were negative in premortem and postmortem nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that US-guided MITS has the capacity similar to CDA not only to identify but also to characterize emergent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos da Capital, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Aparecida de Almeida Monteiro
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jair Theodoro Filho
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thabata Larissa Luciano Ferreira Leite
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Catia Sales de Moura
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Kely Cristina Soares Bispo
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cássia Arruda
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Brito Dos Santos
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Cristina Gonçalves Aquino
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 59, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Brazilian Image Autopsy Study Group, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Investigação Médica 05, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Duarte-Neto AN, Caldini EG, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Kanamura CT, de Almeida Monteiro RA, Ferranti JF, Ventura AMC, Regalio FA, Fiorenzano DM, Gibelli MABC, Carvalho WBD, Leal GN, Pinho JRR, Delgado AF, Carneiro-Sampaio M, Mauad T, Ferraz da Silva LF, Saldiva PHN, Dolhnikoff M. An autopsy study of the spectrum of severe COVID-19 in children: From SARS to different phenotypes of MIS-C. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 35:100850. [PMID: 33937731 PMCID: PMC8072136 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 in children is usually mild or asymptomatic, but severe and fatal paediatric cases have been described. The pathology of COVID-19 in children is not known; the proposed pathogenesis for severe cases includes immune-mediated mechanisms or the direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 on tissues. We describe the autopsy findings in five cases of paediatric COVID-19 and provide mechanistic insight into the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. METHODS Children and adolescents who died with COVID-19 between March 18 and August 15, 2020 were autopsied with a minimally invasive method. Tissue samples from all vital organs were analysed by histology, electron microscopy (EM), reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). FINDINGS Five patients were included, one male and four female, aged 7 months to 15 years. Two patients had severe diseases before SARS-CoV-2 infection: adrenal carcinoma and Edwards syndrome. Three patients were previously healthy and had multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with distinct clinical presentations: myocarditis, colitis, and acute encephalopathy with status epilepticus. Autopsy findings varied amongst patients and included mild to severe COVID-19 pneumonia, pulmonary microthrombosis, cerebral oedema with reactive gliosis, myocarditis, intestinal inflammation, and haemophagocytosis. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in all patients in lungs, heart and kidneys by at least one method (RT-PCR, IHC or EM), and in endothelial cells from heart and brain in two patients with MIS-C (IHC). In addition, we show for the first time the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain tissue of a child with MIS-C with acute encephalopathy, and in the intestinal tissue of a child with acute colitis. Interpretation: SARS-CoV-2 can infect several cell and tissue types in paediatric patients, and the target organ for the clinical manifestation varies amongst individuals. Two major patterns of severe COVID-19 were observed: a primarily pulmonary disease, with severe acute respiratory disease and diffuse alveolar damage, or a multisystem inflammatory syndrome with the involvement of several organs. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in several organs, associated with cellular ultrastructural changes, reinforces the hypothesis that a direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 on tissues is involved in the pathogenesis of MIS-C. FUNDING Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Michele Soares Gomes-Gouvêa
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, LIM 07, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Juliana Ferreira Ferranti
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Andrea Maria Cordeiro Ventura
- Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2565, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Fabiane Aliotti Regalio
- Divisão de Anestesia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniela Matos Fiorenzano
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni Gibelli
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Werther Brunow de Carvalho
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Gabriela Nunes Leal
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, LIM 07, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 500, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Artur Figueiredo Delgado
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Magda Carneiro-Sampaio
- Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 647, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos da Capital, Universidade de São Paulo. Av Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 250, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 01246-903 São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Corresponding author at: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Patologia. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, sala 1155 – Cerqueira Cesar, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brasil.
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Maia MM, da Cruz AB, Taniwaki NN, Namiyama GM, Gava R, Gomes AHS, Kanamura CT, Barbo MLP, Pereira-Chioccola VL. Immunization with extracellular vesicles excreted by Toxoplasma gondii confers protection in murine infection, activating cellular and humoral responses. Int J Parasitol 2021; 51:559-569. [PMID: 33713649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study aim was to analyze whether microvesicles and exosomes, named extracellular vesicles (EVs), purified from Toxoplasma gondii are able to stimulate the protective immunity of experimental mice when administered, as challenge, a highly virulent strain. EVs excreted from T. gondii tachyzoites (RH strain) were purified by chromatography and used for immunization assays in inbred mouse groups (EV-IM). Chronic infected (CHR) and naive (NI) mice were used as control groups, since the immune response is well known. After immunizations, experimental groups were challenged with 100 tachyzoites. Next, parasitemias were determined by real-time PCR (qPCR), and survival levels were evaluated daily. The humoral response was analyzed by detection of IgM, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a, and opsonization experiments. The cellular response was evaluated in situ by immunohistochemistry on IFN-γ, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-17 expression in cells of five organs (brain, heart, liver, spleen and skeletal muscles). EV immunization reduced parasitemia and increased the survival index in two mouse lineages (A/Sn and BALB/c) infected with a lethal T. gondii strain. EV-IM mice had higher IgG1 levels than IgM or IgG2a. IgGs purified from sera of EV-IM mice were able to opsonize tachyzoites (RH strain), and mice that received these parasites had lower parasitemias, and mortality was delayed 48 h, compared with the same results from those receiving parasites opsonized with IgG purified from NI mice. Brain and spleen cells from EV-IM mice more highly expressed IFN-γ, IL-10 and TNF-α. In conclusion, EV-immunization was capable of inducing immune protection, eliciting high production of IgG1, IFN-γ, IL-10 and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marques Maia
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Gava
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Lourdes Peris Barbo
- Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lima TDS, Cirqueira CDS, Martin PAV, Montalvão MDA, Costa MIDM, Pereira AA, Kanamura CT, Loreto CD, Iglezias SDA, Oyafuso MS. A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO NÚCLEO DE ANATOMIA PATOLÓGICA DO INSTITUTO ADOLFO LUTZ (NAP/IAL) ‐ SECRETARIA DE ESTADO DA SAÚDE/SP NO DIAGNÓSTICO DE HANSENÍASE NO ANO DE 2019. Braz J Infect Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2020.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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8
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Cirqueira CDS, Lima TDS, Venancio Martins PA, Montalvão MDA, Costa MIM, Pereira AA, Kanamura CT, Loreto CD, Iglezias SDA, Oyafuso MS. HANSENÍASE EM MENORES DE 15 ANOS: PERFIL CLÍNICO E EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS ENCAMINHADOS AO NÚCLEO DE ANATOMIA PATOLÓGICA DO CENTRO DE PATOLOGIA DO INSTITUTO ADOLFO LUTZ ENTRE 2010 E 2019. Braz J Infect Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2020.101197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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9
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Fernandes NCCDA, do Nascimento PM, Sánchez-Sarmiento AM, Ressio RA, Dos Santos Cirqueira C, Kanamura CT, de Carvalho J, da Silva SMP, Peruchi AR, de Souza Junior JC, Hirano ZMB, Catão-Dias JL. Histopathological kidney changes and myoglobinuria in neotropical non-human primates attacked by dogs, Brazil. J Med Primatol 2019; 49:65-70. [PMID: 31885097 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-human primates (NHPs) are susceptible to dogs' attacks, events that may cause muscle damage along with stress, and could be in some extent compatible with capture myopathy, a syndrome that results in myoglobinuria and renal damage. METHODS We aimed to evaluate by histopathology pre-existing lesions and subsequent sequelae related to dogs' attacks, acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and myoglobinuria, as well as the usefulness of Pearls Stain and IHC to diagnose it. Histopathology was performed in available organs, and sections of kidney submitted to Prussian blue stain and myoglobin immunohistochemistry. RESULTS During January 2014-June 2016, 16/145 (11%) of NHPs received by Adolfo Lutz Institute, Brazil were reported as attacked by dogs. A high frequency of young and debilitated animals was found. Myoglobinuria was observed in more than half animals (9/16; 56.2%), from which (5/9; 55.5%) presented ATN. CONCLUSIONS Kidney lesions are plausible findings in NHPs attacked by dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo Fernandes
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Angélica M Sánchez-Sarmiento
- Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julio César de Souza Junior
- Projeto Bugio - Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau - FURB, Blumenau, Brazil.,Centro de Pesquisas Biológicas de Indaial, Indaial, Brazil
| | | | - José Luiz Catão-Dias
- Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Damiani D, Della Manna T, Aquino LG, Dichtchekenian V, Avancini V, Alves F, Longatto Filho A, Kanamura CT, Setian N. Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Immunoreaction in Adrenal Tumors. Tumori 2018; 81:273-7. [PMID: 8540126 DOI: 10.1177/030089169508100412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background We studied, retrospectively, 33 cases of adrenal tumors of children at the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Children's Institute, São Paulo State University Medical School, from 1975 to 1993. All patients had at least 2 years of follow-up with a few exceptions. Methods Clinical follow-up data were correlated with histopathologic review, laboratory data and cell kinetic evaluation (based on detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigens). Results With one exception, all the patients had presented signs of androgen production and had high levels of dehydro-epiandrosterone-sulfate. Tumor weight evaluation represented a good parameter of neoplasm evolution: of 19 cases weighing less than 250 g, 17 had no evidence of disease after surgery, and 2 had an unfavorable prognosis. Of 14 cases weighing more than 250 g, only 1 had no evidence of disease and 13 had an unfavorable evolution. Conclusions Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was not helpful to evaluate adrenal neoplasm evolution: our study did not show any correlation between PCNA score and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Damiani
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Children's Institute São Paulo State University Medical School, Brasil
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11
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Camargo RY, Kanamura CT, Friguglietti CU, Nogueira CR, Iorcansky S, Tincani AJ, Bezerra AK, Brust E, Koyama FC, Camargo AA, Rego FOR, Galante PAF, Medeiros-Neto G, Rubio IGS. Histopathological Characterization and Whole Exome Sequencing of Ectopic Thyroid: Fetal Architecture in a Functional Ectopic Gland from Adult Patient. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:4682876. [PMID: 29593791 PMCID: PMC5822907 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4682876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic thyroid results from a migration defect of the developing gland during embryogenesis causing congenital hypothyroidism. But it has also been detected in asymptomatic individuals. This study aimed to investigate the histopathological, functional, and genetic features of human ectopic thyroids. Six samples were histologically examined, and the expression of the specific thyroid proteins was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Two samples were submitted to whole exome sequencing. An oropharynx sample showed immature fetal architecture tissue with clusters or cords of oval thyrocytes and small follicles; one sample exhibited a normal thyroid pattern while four showed colloid goiter. All ectopic thyroids expressed the specific thyroid genes and T4 at similar locations to those observed in normal thyroid. No somatic mutations associated with ectopic thyroid were found. This is the first immature thyroid fetal tissue observed in an ectopic thyroid due to the arrest of structural differentiation early in the colloid stage of development that proved able to synthesize thyroid hormone but not to respond to TSH. Despite the ability of all ectopic thyroids to synthetize specific thyroid proteins and T4, at some point in life, it may be insufficient to support body growth leading to hypothyroidism, as observed in some of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Yasato Camargo
- Thyroid Unit, Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Laboratory, LIM-25, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira César, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Takami Kanamura
- Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo Public Health Service, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 355, Cerqueira César, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Célia Regina Nogueira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu School of Medicine, UNESP, Av. Prof. Montenegro, s/n Distrito de Rubião Junior, 18618-687 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Sonia Iorcansky
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Pediatría Dr. Juan Garrahan, Combate de los Pozos 1881, C1245AAM Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfio José Tincani
- Departamento de Cirurgia na Disciplina de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da UNICAMP, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, 13083-887 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Bezerra
- Medicine School, Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), Av. Washington Soares 1321, Edson Queiroz, 60811-905 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ester Brust
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Pedro de Toledo 669, 040399-032 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Thyroid Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Postgraduation Programs in Biotechnology and Structural and Functional Biology, UNIFESP, Pedro de Toledo 669, 040399-032 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Anamaria Aranha Camargo
- Molecular Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanés, Rua Prof. Daher Cutait 69, 01308-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Orpinelli R. Rego
- Molecular Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanés, Rua Prof. Daher Cutait 69, 01308-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Geraldo Medeiros-Neto
- Thyroid Unit, Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Laboratory, LIM-25, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Cerqueira César, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ileana Gabriela Sanchez Rubio
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Pedro de Toledo 669, 040399-032 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Thyroid Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Postgraduation Programs in Biotechnology and Structural and Functional Biology, UNIFESP, Pedro de Toledo 669, 040399-032 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12
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Gomes AHS, Martines RB, Kanamura CT, Barbo MLP, Iglezias SD, Lauletta Lindoso JA, Pereira-Chioccola VL. American cutaneous leishmaniasis: In situ immune response of patients with recent and late lesions. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [PMID: 28239875 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17, CD68 and CD57 were evaluated in biopsies of patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis living in Sorocaba, Brazil. The analyses were performed considering the time of lesions from 23 patients with recent lesions (Group I) and 19 patients with late lesions (Group II). All patients were infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Immunostaining cells for CD68, CD57, TNF- α, IFN-γ, IL-10 and IL-17 were performed by immunohistochemistry. Except for CD68 and IL-17, the distribution of in situ for CD57, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ showed that patients with recent lesions expressed higher levels than those with late lesions. The comparison of cytokine expression/group showed that IL-10 was significantly higher than IL-17 and IFN-γ (similar data were shown in IL-17 compared with TNF-α), suggesting an immunological balance between inflammatory-anti-inflammatory agents. This balance was similar for two groups of patients. In conclusion, these data suggested that (i) patients from Group I had recent lesions (in the beginning of chronic phase) compared to those from Group II and (ii) the modulation of inflammatory response in patients with recent American cutaneous leishmaniasis was correlated with IL-10 expression in skin lesions preventing the development of mucosal forms. The parasite treatment also prevented the evolution of severe forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H S Gomes
- Laboratorio Regional de Sorocaba, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R B Martines
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C T Kanamura
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M L P Barbo
- Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S D Iglezias
- Centro de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J A Lauletta Lindoso
- Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia (LIM-38) Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Meira-Strejevitch CS, Pereira-Chioccola VL, Maia MM, Carnietto de Hipólito DD, Wang HTL, Motoie G, de Souza Gomes AH, Kanamura CT, Martines RB, de Mattos CCB, Frederico FB, de Mattos LC, de Mattos CCB, Frederico FB, Siqueira RC, Previato M, Barbosa AP, Murata FHA. WITHDRAWN: Selection of reference genes in five types of human tissues for normalization of gene expression studies in infectious diseases. Gene 2016:S0378-1119(16)30816-2. [PMID: 27743995 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Marques Maia
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Hui-Tzu Lin Wang
- Laboratório de Investigação Molecular em Cardiologia, Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Gabriela Motoie
- Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Cinara Cássia Brandão de Mattos
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Fábio Batista Frederico
- Ambulatório de Oftalmologia, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina-Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos de Mattos
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Cinara Cássia Brandão de Mattos
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Fábio Batista Frederico
- Ambulatório de Oftalmologia, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina-Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Rubens Camargo Siqueira
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariana Previato
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pires Barbosa
- Ambulatório de Oftalmologia, Fundação Faculdade Regional de Medicina-Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernando Henrique Antunes Murata
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
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14
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Martines RB, Bhatnagar J, de Oliveira Ramos AM, Davi HPF, Iglezias SD, Kanamura CT, Keating MK, Hale G, Silva-Flannery L, Muehlenbachs A, Ritter J, Gary J, Rollin D, Goldsmith CS, Reagan-Steiner S, Ermias Y, Suzuki T, Luz KG, de Oliveira WK, Lanciotti R, Lambert A, Shieh WJ, Zaki SR. Pathology of congenital Zika syndrome in Brazil: a case series. Lancet 2016; 388:898-904. [PMID: 27372395 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus is an arthropod-borne virus that is a member of the family Flaviviridae transmitted mainly by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. Although usually asymptomatic, infection can result in a mild and self-limiting illness characterised by fever, rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis. An increase in the number of children born with microcephaly was noted in 2015 in regions of Brazil with high transmission of Zika virus. More recently, evidence has been accumulating supporting a link between Zika virus and microcephaly. Here, we describe findings from three fatal cases and two spontaneous abortions associated with Zika virus infection. METHODS In this case series, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from five cases, including two newborn babies with microcephaly and severe arthrogryposis who died shortly after birth, one 2-month-old baby, and two placentas from spontaneous abortions, from Brazil were submitted to the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA, USA) between December, 2015, and March, 2016. Specimens were assessed by histopathological examination, immunohistochemical assays using a mouse anti-Zika virus antibody, and RT-PCR assays targeting the NS5 and envelope genes. Amplicons of RT-PCR positive cases were sequenced for characterisation of strains. FINDINGS Viral antigens were localised to glial cells and neurons and associated with microcalcifications in all three fatal cases with microcephaly. Antigens were also seen in chorionic villi of one of the first trimester placentas. Tissues from all five cases were positive for Zika virus RNA by RT-PCR, and sequence analyses showed highest identities with Zika virus strains isolated from Brazil during 2015. INTERPRETATION These findings provide strong evidence of a link between Zika virus infection and different congenital central nervous system malformations, including microcephaly as well as arthrogryposis and spontaneous abortions. FUNDING None.
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MESH Headings
- Abortion, Spontaneous/virology
- Adult
- Antigens, Viral/isolation & purification
- Autopsy
- Brain/pathology
- Brain/virology
- Brazil
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- Infant
- Limb Deformities, Congenital/diagnostic imaging
- Limb Deformities, Congenital/virology
- Male
- Microcephaly/pathology
- Microcephaly/virology
- Neuroglia/pathology
- Neuroglia/virology
- Placenta/pathology
- Placenta/virology
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/pathology
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology
- Pregnancy Trimester, First
- Pregnancy Trimester, Second
- Pregnancy Trimester, Third
- RNA, Viral/isolation & purification
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Syndrome
- Ultrasonography, Prenatal
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus/isolation & purification
- Zika Virus Infection/congenital
- Zika Virus Infection/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Roosecelis Brasil Martines
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julu Bhatnagar
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ana Maria de Oliveira Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil; Service for Ascertaining Death in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (SVO/RN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - M Kelly Keating
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gillian Hale
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luciana Silva-Flannery
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Atis Muehlenbachs
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jana Ritter
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joy Gary
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dominique Rollin
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cynthia S Goldsmith
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Reagan-Steiner
- Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yokabed Ermias
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kleber G Luz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Robert Lanciotti
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, NCEZID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Amy Lambert
- Arboviral Diseases Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, NCEZID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Wun-Ju Shieh
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sherif R Zaki
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Atlanta, GA, USA.
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15
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Viol MA, Guerrero FD, de Oliveira BCM, de Aquino MCC, Loiola SH, de Melo GD, de Souza Gomes AH, Kanamura CT, Garcia MV, Andreotti R, de Lima VMF, Bresciani KDS. Identification of Leishmania spp. promastigotes in the intestines, ovaries, and salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus actively infesting dogs. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3479-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Bastos da Silva I, Batista TPDA, Martines RB, Kanamura CT, Ferreira IMR, Vidal JE, Pereira-Chioccola VL. Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii: DNA extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded autopsy tissues from AIDS patients who died by severe disseminated toxoplasmosis. Exp Parasitol 2016; 165:16-21. [PMID: 26969767 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the genetic features of Toxoplasma gondii isolated directly in autopsies of HIV-infected patients who died with severe disseminated toxoplasmosis. This retrospective analysis was conducted in a cohort of 15 HIV-infected patients with clinical and laboratory data. They had previous cerebral toxoplasmosis at least 6 months before the disseminated toxoplasmosis episode. The hypothesis was that they were infected with highly virulent parasites due to the condition in which they died. T. gondii genotyping was done directly in DNA extracted from 30 autopsy brain and lung samples (2 per patient) and mutilocus PCR-RFLP genotyping was done using 12 molecular markers. The 30 clinical samples were genotyped successfully in 8 or more loci and six suggestive genotypes were identified. One of them was Toxo DB #11, previously identified in different domestic animals and virulent in experimental animals. The other five suggestive genotypes identified in 14 patients were not described. TgHuDis1 was the most frequent and was determined in 8 patients. TgHuDis3 and TgHuDis5 were identified in two patients each. TgHuDis2 and TgHuDis4 have been identified in one patient each. These suggestive genotypes could be considered as virulent, since they caused severe tissue damage and had similar characteristics as Toxo # DB 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inara Bastos da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Fungos, Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Isabelle Martins Ribeiro Ferreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Fungos, Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, São Paulo, Brazil; Supervisão de Vigilância em Saúde de Santo Amaro/Cidade Ademar, Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Ernesto Vidal
- Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Pereira-Chioccola
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Parasitas e Fungos, Centro de Parasitologia e Micologia, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Figueiredo CA, de Oliveira MI, Tarandachi PR, de Carvalho WB, Kanamura CT, Scatena RDS. Fatal acute liver failure in a child due to acquired rubella infection. J Clin Virol 2014; 61:1-2. [PMID: 25023706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Longatto-Filho A, Etlinger D, Miranda Pereira SM, Kanamura CT, di Loreto C, Santos GDC, Makabe S, Marques JA, Santoro CL, das Dores GB, Castelo A. Asociación entre la expresión génica de p16INK4A, la tríada de histidina frágil y las lesiones cervicales. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2009. [DOI: 10.1097/00128360-200906001-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Longatto-Filho A, Etlinger D, Pereira SMM, Kanamura CT, di Loreto C, Santos GDC, Makabe S, Marques JA, Santoro CLF, das Dores GB, Castelo A. The association of p16(INK4A) and fragile histidine triad gene expression and cervical lesions. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2007; 11:151-7. [PMID: 17596760 DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0b013e31802efb9e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study was intended to assess the association between immunohistochemical analysis of p16 and fragile histidine triad (FHIT) and the presence of precancerous cervical lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Women seen at Pérola Byington Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil, with histologically confirmed cervicitis (n = 31), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 (n = 30), CIN 2,3 (n = 30), and cervical cancer (n = 7) had also cervical material collected for liquid-based cytology, human papillomavirus Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) test, and p16 and FHIT immunohistochemical reactions. RESULTS p16 and FHIT reactions were scored as the following: <1%, 1% to 5%, >5% to 25%, and >25%. Receiver operating curve analysis was used to select p16 and FHIT score cutoffs for further categorical analyses. All but one of the 37 CIN 2,3/cancer cases had a p16 score of greater than 1% to 5%. Among the 61 cervicitis/CIN 1 cases, 46 (75%) had a p16 score lower than 1% to 5%. In contrast, no association of FHIT expression and severity of cervical lesions could be demonstrated in this data set. Receiver operating curve analyses suggested the score of 1% to 5% for p16 as the cutoff that best discriminates CIN 2,3/cancer from cervicitis/CIN 1. No cutoff for FHIT scores could be suggested with data set. CONCLUSIONS p16, but not FHIT expression, has the potential to be used as complementary diagnostic tool to investigate human papillomavirus-induced cervical lesions, if these results are confirmed in larger studies.
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Nonogaki S, Kanamura CT, Oliveira LFD, Bela MC, Menezes YD, Wakamatsu A, Santos RTDM, Alves VAF. Análise de indicadores internos e externos relevantes à resolutividade diagnóstica em laboratório de referência em imuno-histoquímica. J Bras Patol Med Lab 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1676-24442007000400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
A 12-year-old Simmental cow was presented with a moderately firm irregular whitish mass of approximately 5 cm in diameter, occupying the right orbit. Microscopically, a poorly differentiated neoplasm was observed. The immunohistochemical panel included cytokeratins, vimentin, epithelial membrane antigen, Factor VIII, CD34, Mart-1, Melan A, smooth muscle actin, desmin, chromogranin, neuron-specific enolase, S-100 protein, and MIB-1. The neoplasm was negative for all of them, with the exception of vimentin and S-100 protein. Transmission electron microscopy revealed abundant desmosomes. These findings support the diagnosis of orbital (retrobulbar) meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Reis
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Matushima ER, Longatto Filho A, Kanamura CT, Sinhorini IL. Processo inflamatório crônico granulomatoso experimental em peixes: um estudo morfológico, ultraestrutural e imunohistoquímico. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2006.26494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o processo inflamatório crônico granulomatoso induzido experimentalmente em Oreochromis niloticus através da inoculação de BCG e elucidar aspectos da reação inflamatória em peixes para uma melhor compreensão da filogenia do processo. Os resultados obtidos por microscopia de luz comum e ultra-estrutural demonstraram a participação de macrófagos, trombócitos, linfócitos, eosinófilos, células plasmáticas e células gigante tipo corpo estranho no processo inflamatório. Além desses tipos celulares, uma reação granulomatosa constituída predominantemente de células epitelióides também foram observadas ultraestruturalmente. Essas células epitelióides desenvolveram desmossomos ao longo do experimento, e também passaram a expressar receptores para citoqueratina, características estas de células epiteliais. Células pigmentares (melanomacrófagos), envolvendo de maneira crescente toda a formação granulomatóide e, participando ativamente da reação inflamatória crônica granulomatosa.
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Salgado LR, Machado MC, Cukiert A, Liberman B, Kanamura CT, Alves VAF. Cushing's disease arising from a clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. Endocr Pathol 2006; 17:191-9. [PMID: 17159252 DOI: 10.1385/ep:17:2:191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 49-yr-old woman with a large pituitary tumor leading to visual loss and galactorrhea- amenorrhea was submitted to transcranial pituitary surgery, when a clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma was partially removed. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of "non-secreting atypical adenoma." At that time, serum and urinary free cortisol were normal, with low T4 levels and hyperprolactinemia. The patient was discharged on thyroxine and bromocriptine and treated with conventional radiotherapy. Two years later, she presented high free urinary cortisol levels and a positive ACTH response to desmopressin testing on dexametasone 2 mg overnight. A pituitary biopsy confirmed aggressive growth as well as positive immunoreactivity for ACTH, p53, Ki-67, and c-erb-B2. The patient was then treated with radiosurgery on ketoconazole therapy. The overall clinical, laboratory, and pathological data suggest a transition from a clinically nonfunctioning to a hypersecreting ACTH-producing tumor. Putative mechanisms of tumor transformation and the possibility of a silent corticotropinoma evolving into clinical Cushing s syndrome are discussed.
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Longatto Filho A, Utagawa ML, Shirata NK, Pereira SMM, Namiyama GM, Kanamura CT, Santos GDC, de Oliveira MA, Wakamatsu A, Nonogaki S, Roteli-Martins C, di Loreto C, Mattosinho de Castro Ferraz MDG, Maeda MYS, Alves VAF, Syrjänen K. Immunocytochemical expression of p16INK4A and Ki-67 in cytologically negative and equivocal pap smears positive for oncogenic human papillomavirus. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2005; 24:118-24. [PMID: 15782067 DOI: 10.1097/01.rct.0000157092.44680.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to analyze the cross-sectional comparison of the p16 and Ki-67 immunocytochemical expression in negative and equivocal (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US)) liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples testing positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types with HC2 assay or polymerase-chain reaction (PCR). A series of 199 consecutive LBC specimens derived from the same number of women participating in the ongoing Latin American Screening Study at Leonor Mendes de Barros Hospital, Sao Paulo, were analyzed using immunocytochemistry for expression of p16 and Ki-67 in negative and equivocal LBC samples testing positive for high-risk HPV types with hybrid capture II test (HC2) or PCR. All patients with at least one test positive (cytology, PCR, and/or HC2) were followed each 6 months for 3 years. The follow-up procedure consisted of visual examination, colposcopic inspection, cytology, and HC2 assay. Among the negative cytologic samples, 101 were HPV-positive and 55 HPV-negative. Of the HPV-positive group, 59 of 101 cases (58.4%) were positive for both p16 and Ki67 immunostaining, and 17 of 101 (16.8%) were negative for both. The proportion of Ki-67-positivity increased almost in parallel with the increasing grade of p16-positivity (p = 0.0001 for linear trend). In the HPV-negative group, both markers were negative in 41 of 55 cases (74.5%), and no statistical relationship was observed between the two markers (Pearson, p = 0.595). HPV-positive ASC-US samples demonstrated a simultaneous positive immunoreaction for p16 and Ki67 in 11 of 16 cases (68.7%), whereas 3 (18.7%) were concurrently negative. The relationship between the two markers was of borderline significance (Pearson, p = 0.053), but no linear relationship was found between the graded p16 and Ki-67 expression (p = 0.065 for linear trend). In the HPV-negative ASC-US group, there was no statistical association between the graded p16 and Ki-67 positivity (Pearson, p = 0.281). After 36 months of follow-up of the ASC-US patients, 6 women still displayed ASC-US smear, of which 4 of 6 were HPV-positive and expressed both p16 and Ki-67 markers. Two of 43 ASC-US smears had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions diagnosed (4.6%), and 1 had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (2.3%). All of those were positive for HPV, p16 and Ki-67. Patients with ASC-US diagnosis and positive high-risk HPV status and positive for p16 Ki67 should be carefully observed to exclude occurrence of a squamous intraepithelial lesion. The combination of these two markers can be a useful implement for management of women with equivocal cytology.
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Alves VAF, Leandro LDO, Vassallo J, Pereira EM, Kanamura CT, Wakamatsu A, Santos RTDM, Nonogaki S. Controle de qualidade interlaboratorial em imuno-histoquímica: citoceratinas e receptor de estrógeno como modelos. J Bras Patol Med Lab 2004. [DOI: 10.1590/s1676-24442004000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Oliveira MAD, Santos GDC, Kanamura CT, Alves VAF. Imunoexpressão da proteína Her-2 em punção aspirativa com agulha fina de carcinoma de mama: correlação com os achados da peça cirúrgica. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2003. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-72032003000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Longatto Filho A, Alves VAF, Kanamura CT, Nonogaki S, Bortolan J, Lombardo V, Bisi H. Identification of the primary site of metastatic adenocarcinoma in serous effusions. Value of an immunocytochemical panel added to the clinical arsenal. Acta Cytol 2002; 46:651-8. [PMID: 12146025 DOI: 10.1159/000326970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use an immunocytochemical panel as ancillary method to identify the origin of adenocarcinomas in serous effusions. STUDY DESIGN Serous effusion samples examined cytologically in the Department of Surgical Pathology, A. C. Camargo Hospital, between 1966 and 1990, were investigated. Of 4,297 cases, 2,317 were associated with adenocarcinoma, and 1,099 were positive for adenocarcinoma by cytologic examination. We selected a total of 248 cases of different origins to subject to immunoreactions. A panel composed of CA-125, CA-19.9, HBME-1, lactoferrin and BRST 2 was tested for the efficiency of these antibodies under two conditions: the panel alone and associated with clinical data, such as anatomic localization of the effusion (pleural or ascitic) and patient sex and age. RESULTS BRST 2 and lactoferrin were both positive in 29.9% of cases of adenocarcinoma of breast origin; CA-125 and HBME-1 were 28.6% and 25.0% positive in cases of adenocarcinoma of the ovaries, respectively. These immunoreactivities were highly specific when compared to the others. The statistical significance of the results was improved by information on the anatomic location of the effusions and patient sex. CONCLUSION Our data strongly indicate that BRST 2 and lactoferrin are important components of an immunocytochemical panel used to identify carcinomas of breast origin. Similarly, CA-125 and HBME-1 may be useful in suggesting the ovaries as possible primary sites.
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Nascimento MC, Bisi H, Alves VA, Longatto-Filho A, Kanamura CT, Medeiros-Neto G. Differential reactivity for galectin-3 in Hürthle cell adenomas and carcinomas. Endocr Pathol 2001; 12:275-9. [PMID: 11740048 DOI: 10.1385/ep:12:3:275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hürthle cell carcinomas behave as the most aggressive variant of differentiated thyroid carcinoma of follicular origin, with frequent recurrences and higher morbidity. Its differential diagnosis with Hürthle cell adenoma remains a problem for the clinician and for the pathologist. The vertebrate lectins, galectin-1 and galectin-3 have been implicated in the regulation of cellular growth, differentiation, and malignant transformation in thyroid neoplasms. Galectin-3, a beta-galactoside binding protein, has been recently found to be highly expressed in papillary and follicular carcinomas. The current study was undertaken to investigate immunohistochemical reactivity for galectin-3 of thyroid specimen tissues with Hürthle cell adenomas (n = 14) and carcinomas (n = 17), follicular (n = 14) and papillary (n = 11) carcinomas, colloid goiter (n = 30), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 11), follicular adenoma (n = 9), and normal thyroid tissues (n = 18). Follicular (78.5%) and papillary (82.0%) carcinomas were frequently reactive for galectin-3, more often when some H rthle cells were present. There was no galectin-3 immunostaining in any of the specimens from Hashimoto's thyroiditis, colloid goiters or normal thyroid samples, whereas only one case of follicular adenoma was found positive (11.1%). By contrast, galectin-3 immunostaining in Hürthle cell carcinomas was significantly higher (59%) than in H rthle cell adenomas (7.1), p < 0.05). These results suggest that galectin-3 may potentially serve as a marker in difficult differential diagnosis cases involving Hürthle cell adenomas and Hürthle cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Nascimento
- Thyroid Unit (LIM-25), Univ Sao Paulo Med School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Esposito JP, Camargo RS, Longatto Filho A, Di Loreto C, Kanamura CT, Tolosa EMCD. Expressão imuno-histoquímica dos marcadores pcna, KI67 e p53 em carcinomas epidermóides do trato aerodigestivo superior. Rev Col Bras Cir 2000. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-69912000000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Os carcinomas epidermóides do trato aerodigestivo superior são tumores de comportamento biológico heterogêneo. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se a expressão imuno-histoquímica dos marcadores Ki67, PCNA e P53 apresenta correlações com parâmetros prognósticos clínico-patológicos. MÉTODOS: Determinação da expressão imuno-histoquímica dos antígenos Ki67, PCNA e P53 em espécimes tumorais fixados e embebidos em parafina de 53 pacientes com carcinoma epidermóide em diferentes sítios primários do trato aerodigestivo superior. RESULTADOS: Os marcadores tiveram altos índices de expressão imuno-histoquímica, sendo 46,5% para o Ki67, 66,5% para o PCNA e 36,5% para o P53. Não houve correlação da expressão do Ki67 e do PCNA com o estadiamento TNM (AJCC), nem com o grau de malignidade. A expressão do Ki67 apresentou correlação positiva com a expressão do PCNA (p = 0,037). O mesmo aconteceu para o PCNA e o número de mitoses por campo (p = 0,001). CONCLUSÕES: De acordo com estes resultados, concluiu-se que a determinação da imunorreatividade dos marcadores Ki67 e PCNA é um método objetivo e quantificável para avaliar proliferação celular que pode subsidiar as informações prognósticas.
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Mitteldorf CA, Alves VA, Kanamura CT, Carneiro PC. Immunocytochemistry applied to aspiration biopsy cytology. Diagnostic contribution in 100 cases of previously stained, routine specimens. Acta Cytol 1999; 43:218-26. [PMID: 10097713 DOI: 10.1159/000330981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the contribution of immunocytochemistry (ICC) to aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC), in a diagnostic context, on routine, previously stained cytologic specimens. STUDY DESIGN Among 5,221 consecutive cases of ABC, 5.3% were subjected to ICC in the clinical-morphologic context. One hundred of these cases, with a final clinical and histopathologic diagnosis, were studied to determine the contribution of this ancillary technique to the final cytologic diagnosis. All cases had histopathologic study and prospective ICC, performed on usual smears, alcohol fixed and previously stained by the Papanicolaou technique, and were subjected to an avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex method. RESULTS ICC was contributory in 82% of cases. The contribution of ICC to ABC of lymphoid tissue, thyroid and related organs, soft tissue and miscellaneous cases was, respectively, 84% (39 cases), 88% (26), 72% (18) and 76% (17). ICC was noncontributory in 18 cases, due mainly to misleading interpretation (6%), uncharacteristic profile (5%) and inconclusive immunostain (7%). CONCLUSION ICC could be successfully applied in routine ABC specimens since the usually investigated antigenic determinants are preserved, allowing previous morphologic study and screening of the smears. The principal contribution of ICC applied to lymph nodes, thyroid and soft tissue aspirates was, respectively, confirmation of metastatic neoplasms, differential of follicular versus C-cell proliferation and assessment of mesenchymal lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Mitteldorf
- Department of Pathology, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Brazil
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Longatto Filho A, Maeda MY, Oyafuso MS, Alves VA, Kanamura CT, Bortolan J. Cytomorphologic evidence of human papillomavirus infection in smears from the irradiated uterine cervix. Acta Cytol 1997; 41:1079-84. [PMID: 9250302 DOI: 10.1159/000332791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the cytomorphologic evidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in cervical smears from women treated with radiotherapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. STUDY DESIGN From January 1986 to December 1993, 32 cervical cytologic smears (CCSs) from women who had received radiotherapy (Rtx) for squamous cell cervical carcinoma at A.C. Camargo Cancer Hospital were selected for study due to the presence of signs of HPV infection. Review of the files of these patients showed 22 additional samples, which we included in this study. The avidinbiotin-immunoperoxidase technique was performed on previously stained slides using polyclonal rabbit antibovine papillomavirus type 1 to confirm the HPV infection. RESULTS Positive reactions were found in 18 cases (27 samples), mainly in cells with classic koilocytotic features, but also in epithelial cells that lacked cytopathic effects. Only one case, a biopsy from a verrucous lesion observed after Rtx, was found to be positive for HPV 6/11 DNA by in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION Cytologic and immunohistochemical positivity for HPV, as well as the reaction with a HPV 6/11 DNA probe, strongly suggested that HPV infection was acquired or expressed after radiotherapy. Further studies are needed to assess the mechanisms responsible for such an association.
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Longatto Filho A, Bisi H, Alves VA, Kanamura CT, Oyafuso MS, Bortolan J, Lombardo V. Adenocarcinoma in females detected in serous effusions. Cytomorphologic aspects and immunocytochemical reactivity to cytokeratins 7 and 20. Acta Cytol 1997; 41:961-71. [PMID: 9250286 DOI: 10.1159/000332774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the usefulness of assessing the immunoreactivity of cytokeratins 7 (CK7) and 20 (CK20) as well as several cytomorphologic parameters in effusions with metastatic adenocarcinomas in the search for the primary site of the tumor. STUDY DESIGN From the files of the Pathology Department, A. C. Camargo Hospital, we studied cytologic smears from 73 metastatic adenocarcinomas originally from the breast, 63 from the ovary, 40 from the lung and 32 from the stomach, looking for morphologic parameters that could have discriminant potential in suggesting the primary site in a routine situation, including intranuclear inclusions, prominent nucleoli, mitosis, signet-ring cells, psammoma bodies, nuclear crease, binucleation and multinucleation, papillary features, acinar profile (including ball cells) and single cells. Immunoreactions were performed with monoclonal antibodies to CK7 (OV-TL 12/30) and CK20 (Ks 20.8) and included morphologic analysis. Both analyses were studied in a blind fashion regarding the primary site of the tumors. RESULTS Positivity ratios for breast, ovary, stomach and lung cases were 67.6%, 63.5%, 29.7% and 45.5%, respectively, for CK7 and 17.2%, 15.8%, 13.5% and 32.2%, respectively, for CK20. Discriminant analysis of morphologic and immunocytochemical parameters had an error rate of 42.9% in recognizing the primary site and a Wilk's lambda of .7290. CONCLUSION The more efficient parameter with discriminant function was the papillary appearance showed by CK7, which should be used in further studies with a similar scope. The set of parameters used in this study were insufficient to discriminate the primary site of female adenocarcinomas in effusions with significant accuracy.
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Yossie Asato de Camargo R, Longatto Filho A, Alves VA, Bisi H, Kanamura CT, Alves Abelin NM. Lactoferrin in thyroid lesions: immunoreactivity in fine needle aspiration biopsy samples. Acta Cytol 1996; 40:408-13. [PMID: 8669170 DOI: 10.1159/000333854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lactoferrin is an iron-binding protein that has been used for distinguishing normal from neoplastic conditions in many different tissues. In order to improve evaluation of thyroid lesions, we studied the lactoferrin immunoreaction in cytologic smears obtained by fine needle aspiration and in biopsy samples from primary neoplasms and from adenomatous goiter. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study on fine needle aspiration cytology samples and corresponding available biopsies from thyroid lesions in patients examined at São Paulo County Hospital between 1982 and 1992, performed in order to evaluate lactoferrin immunoreactivity in morphologically well characterized samples from neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions. Immunoperoxidase procedures were performed using monospecific polyclonal rabbit antihuman lactoferrin as a primary antibody and biotinylated goat antirabbit IgG as a secondary antibody. Amplification was performed with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, and the color sign of the positive reactions was developed using a diaminobenzidine solution. RESULTS Lactoferrin was not detected in cytologic smears from goiters, whereas only one biopsy was slightly positive (1/21, or 4.76%). One smear from adenoma showed low positive staining (1/19, or 5.26%), which was present in 4 of 13 biopsies (30.77%) from adenoma. Papillary carcinomas were positive in 19 of 33 smears (57.58%) and in 100% of biopsies, whereas 31.25% (5/16) of follicular carcinoma smears were positive for lactoferrin, detected in all the biopsy samples. CONCLUSION Lactoferrin immunoreactivity was strongly associated with neoplastic proliferation and may be used as a useful auxiliary marker to distinguish malignant from benign thyroid lesions in cytologic smears and biopsy samples.
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Longatto Filho A, Shirata NK, Maeda MY, Kanamura CT, Alves VA. Frequency of epithelial giant cells in smears with Papillomavirus. Pathologica 1994; 86:82-6. [PMID: 8072808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We re-screened cytological smears from patients who presented Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection detected morphologically in order to verify the frequency of associated giant epithelial cells, as recently mentioned in the literature. Our results demonstrated that 14 (13.7%) of 102 cases showed the giant epithelial cells, associated or not with macronmucleosis, bi or multinucleation. Epithelial giant cells showed a poor reaction to the avidin-biotin-peroxidase to the BPV-1 antigen. We conclude that epithelial giant cell is not a frequent cytologic feature in HPV, and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase study did not detect a marked expression of HPV late antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Longatto Filho
- Division of Pathology, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo Public Health Service, Brasil
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Hayashida CY, Alves VA, Kanamura CT, Ezabella MC, Abelin NM, Nicolau W, Bisi H, Toledo SP. Immunohistochemistry of medullary thyroid carcinoma and C-cell hyperplasia by an affinity-purified anti-human calcitonin antiserum. Cancer 1993; 72:1356-63. [PMID: 8339225 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19930815)72:4<1356::aid-cncr2820720434>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) depends on the calcitonin immunohistochemistry. Familial MTC is associated with C-cell hyperplasia (CCH), whereas sporadic MTC is not. A specific and sensitive calcitonin immunohistochemistry is necessary for the diagnosis of MTC and CCH. METHODS An affinity-purified anti-calcitonin antiserum (APxCT) was used for immunohistochemistry of the thyroids of 15 patients with MTC. The thyroids of five patients with familial MTC were studied in detail, with each gland sectioned in 48 areas. RESULTS Between three and ten independent MTC were found in each thyroid, and CCH was found in all five patients (24.2%, varying from 8.4-56.3% of the 48 areas from each thyroid). MTC and CCH were localized mainly in the middle third and in the central axis of the thyroid lobes. They often were found together in the same area (in a total of 21 areas for the five thyroids sectioned in 48 areas) but ten areas with MTC did not have CCH, and 37 areas with CCH did not have MTC. In ten thyroids partially studied, CCH was indicated in three patients thought to have sporadic MTC. In two thyroids, with follicular and papillary carcinoma, a higher density of C-cells was found around the tumors, but disease was not characterized as CCH. CONCLUSIONS APxCT antiserum increased the immunohistochemical specificity and sensitivity. The distinction of the familial from the sporadic MTC requires a careful and extensive search of CCH. C-cells in high density may be found around follicular cell carcinomas, being a potential source of diagnostic error.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Hayashida
- Department of Medicine, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil
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Alves VA, Wakamatsu A, Kanamura CT, Magalhäes ES, Siqueira SA. [The importance of fixation in immunohistochemistry: distribution of vimentin and cytokeratins in samples fixed in alcohol and formol]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 1992; 47:19-24. [PMID: 1284893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The fixation in ethanol or formalin for trypsin digestion in immunohistochemical detection of cytokeratins and vimentin was assessed in a case of ovarian cystadenofibrocarcinoma. Superior reactivity for both markers was achieved in ethanol-fixed sections, even in samples stocked up to 60 days. Cytokeratin reaction in formalin-fixed sections was better when trypsin was used. However, this digestion was deleterious to vimentin detection. These data are presented to alert surgeons and oncologists on the relevance of fixation of specimens suspicious for neoplasia, since different epitopes may require different fixatives and the inadequate choice in the operative room may impart difficulties when immunohistochemistry is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Alves
- Laboratório de Imunohistoquímica, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo
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37
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Alves VA, Gayotto LC, Yasuda PH, Wakamatsu A, Kanamura CT, De Brito T. Leptospiral antigens (L. interrogans serogroup ictero-haemorrhagiae) in the kidney of experimentally infected guinea pigs and their relation to the pathogenesis of the renal injury. Exp Pathol 1991; 42:81-93. [PMID: 1879516 DOI: 10.1016/s0232-1513(11)80051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The search for leptospiral antigens (L. interrogans serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae) was carried out in 24 guinea pigs experimentally inoculated with 1 ml of culture containing 10(7)-10(8) leprospires and sequentially sacrificed from the first until the 6th day of infection. Semiquantitative analysis of histopathological variables comprising kidney interstitium, tubules and glomeruli was done in 1 micron sections of tissue embedded in glycolmetacrylate. Leptospiral antigen (LAg) and its glycolipoprotein (GLP) expression were detected through PAP in paraffin embedded tissue. The mild interstitial involvement of the kidney, manifested chiefly by oedema and focal interstitial nephritis seen at the 4th day, progressed to tubular damage at the 6th day, characterized by either swelling or cytoplasmic acidophilia of epithelial cells with loss of cell cohesion and sloughing of cells into the tubular lumina. Brush border alterations and mitochondrial changes were observed. Endothelial cell injury was noted in the interstitial vessels. LAg expression was parallel to the kidney changes: small deposits of elongated forms of LAg were detected at the 4th day either within the vascular lumen or free in the interstitium. A rise in the antigen expression was observed at the 5th day when it was seen either around tubules or in their walls. LAg was detected inside the tubular lumina at the 6th day of infection when granular LAg and GLP were abundant. This sequence reproduces the pathway of leptospires in the kidney and the crescent amounts of antigens detected toward the end of the experiment, with antigen concentration in cases of major tissue damage suggesting a direct action of the microorganisms and/or their products in the pathogesis of the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Alves
- São Paulo University, Medical School, Brazil
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Longatto Filho A, Maeda MY, Oyafuso MS, Kanamura CT, Alves VA. Herpes simplex virus in postradiation cervical smears. A morphologic and immunocytochemical study. Acta Cytol 1990; 34:652-6. [PMID: 1699373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
From January 1987 to August 1988, cytomorphologic criteria of both herpes simplex virus (HSV) and radiation effects were observed in Papanicolaou smears from 3 of 1,340 patients who had received radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase staining, using a rabbit IgG polyclonal HSV antibody, confirmed the presence of HSV antigen in those three postradiation smears. Both multinucleated molded cells and epithelial cells that lacked cytopathic effects were positive for HSV. Three other postradiation smears from these cases were similarly positive for HSV antigen; the one preradiation smear was negative. In situ hybridization and immunoperoxidase studies on sections from the preradiation biopsies were negative: severely altered neoplastic cells showed no reactivity. The absence of HSV markers in the preradiation specimens suggests that the HSV infections were secondary to the radiotherapy; further studies are needed to prove this association and to assess the possible mechanisms. These cases clearly indicate that the overlapping features of radiation and viral effects (such as multinucleation) may be present simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Longatto Filho
- Division of Pathology, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo State Public Health Service, Brazil
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39
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Wakamatsu A, Pagano LS, Gayotto LC, Santos RT, Sakata EE, Kanamura CT, Candelori I, Pestana CB, Yasuda PH, Alves VA. [High resolution light microscopy: adaptation of the method and its use in the study of experimental leptospirosis in guinea pigs]. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 1990; 45:47-52. [PMID: 2135358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Morphological lesions in parenchimal and mesenchimal structures of liver and kidney were studied in guinea-pigs experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae in comparison with a group of non-infected guinea-pigs. All specimens were submitted to conventional light microscopy as well as to high resolution light microscopy, in one micrometer sections of tissue embedded in glycolmethacrylate. High resolution light microscopy, applied for the first time in leptospirosis, was proved very useful, since it enabled us to visualize cellular structures in the same slide used for panoramic view. Cell cohesion, brush borders, pynocytotic vesicles and organellae distributions were parameters especially suitable for analysis at this low-cost, highly precise procedure in microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wakamatsu
- Divisões de Patologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Universidade de São Paulo
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Santos RT, Sakata EE, Yasuda PH, Wakamatsu A, Kanamura CT, Candelori I, Pestana CB, Alves VA. [Glycoproteins from Leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae: distribution in the liver and kidney of experimentally infected guinea pigs]. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1989; 31:235-41. [PMID: 2626644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage in leptospirosis has been ascribed to direct effect of the microorganisms and/or their virulence, including products synthetized by leptospires or released during their lysis. This study aimed at chemical extraction of the glycolipoprotein (GLP) from virulent leptospires, production of a rabbit anti-GLP and analysis of its distribution in liver and kidney of inoculated guinea-pigs, sacrificed sequentially from the 1st to 6th day of infection, covering the whole, spectrum of acute leptospirosis. The comparison of GLP expression to local injuries aimed at new pathogenetic data. GLP was detected in liver and kidney in 2 out of 6 guinea-pigs on the 5th day and in all 6 animals on the 6th day of infection. Granular forms were seen in the cytoplasm of macrophages, free in interstitium or adhered to endothelial and parenchymal cell membranes, especially in the most damaged sites. These findings lead us to the hypothesis of GLP as a toxic factor resulting from leptospiral lysis by macrophages. Although it was not proved as a promoter of initial lesions, it seems to be related to the enhancement of tissue damage late in the course of the disease.
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