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Baud D, Zuber A, Peric A, Pluchino N, Vulliemoz N, Stojanov M. Impact of semen microbiota on the composition of seminal plasma. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0291123. [PMID: 38349179 PMCID: PMC10913749 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02911-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have found associations between specific bacterial genera and semen parameters. Bacteria are known to influence the composition of their niche and, consequently, could affect the composition of the seminal plasma. This study integrated microbiota profiling and metabolomics to explore the influence of seminal bacteria on semen metabolite composition in infertile couples, revealing associations between specific bacterial genera and metabolite profiles. Amino acids and acylcarnitines were the predominant metabolite groups identified in seminal plasma. Different microbiota profiles did not result in globally diverse metabolite compositions in seminal plasma. Nevertheless, levels of specific metabolites increased in the presence of a dysbiotic microbiota. Urocanate was significantly increased in abnormal semen samples (adjusted P-value < 0.001) and enriched in samples dominated by Prevotella spp. (P-value < 0.05), which was previously linked to a negative impact on semen. Therefore, varying microbiota profiles can influence the abundance of certain metabolites, potentially having an immunomodulatory effect, as seen with urocanate.IMPORTANCEMale infertility is often considered idiopathic since the specific cause of infertility often remains unidentified. Recently, variations in the seminal microbiota composition have been associated with normal and abnormal semen parameters and may, therefore, influence male infertility. Bacteria are known to alter the metabolite composition of their ecological niches, and thus, seminal bacteria might affect the composition of the seminal fluid, crucial in the fertilization process. Our research indicates that distinct seminal microbiota profiles are not associated with widespread changes in the metabolite composition of the seminal fluid. Instead, the presence of particular metabolites with immunomodulatory functions, such as urocanate, could shed light on the interplay between seminal microbiota and variations in semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Baud
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Mother-Woman-Child Department, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Zuber
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Mother-Woman-Child Department, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Peric
- 360° Fertility Center Zurich, Zollikon, Switzerland
| | - N. Pluchino
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - M. Stojanov
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Mother-Woman-Child Department, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Chiu YC, Baud D, Fahmi A, Zumkehr B, Vouga M, Pomar L, Musso D, Thuong BC, Alves MP, Stojanov M. Correction: Absence of Zika virus among pregnant women in Vietnam in 2008. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 2023; 9:6. [PMID: 37024979 PMCID: PMC10080802 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-023-00191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Chiu
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Fahmi
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Zumkehr
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Vouga
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Pomar
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Musso
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé Des Armées, Vecteurs-Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire Eurofins Labazur Guyane, Eurofins, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - B C Thuong
- Tu Du Hospital, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - M P Alves
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Stojanov
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Chui YC, Baud D, Fahmi A, Zumkehr B, Vouga M, Pomar L, Musso D, Thuong BC, Alves M, Stojanovic M. Absence of Zika virus among pregnant women in Vietnam in 2008. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 2023; 9:4. [PMID: 36855197 PMCID: PMC9976504 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-023-00189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being first identified in 1947, Zika virus-related outbreaks were first described starting from 2007 culminating with the 2015 Latin American outbreak. Hypotheses indicate that the virus has been circulating in Asia for decades, but reports are scarce. METHODS We performed serological analysis and screened placental samples isolated in 2008 for the presence of Zika virus from pregnant women in Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam). RESULTS None of the placental samples was positive for Zika virus. Four serum samples out of 176 (2.3%) specifically inhibited Zika virus, with variable degrees of cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses. While one of the four samples inhibited only Zika virus, cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses not included in the study could not be ruled out. CONCLUSION Our results support the conclusion that the virus was not present among pregnant women in the Vietnamese largest city during the initial phases of the epidemic wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.-C. Chui
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D. Baud
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Fahmi
- grid.438536.fInstitute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B. Zumkehr
- grid.438536.fInstitute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Vouga
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L. Pomar
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D. Musso
- Aix Marseille Université, Institut de Recherche Pour Le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Marseille, Service de Santé Des Armées, Vecteurs–Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France ,Laboratoire Eurofins Labazur Guyane, Eurofins, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - B. C. Thuong
- Tu Du Hospital, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - M.P. Alves
- grid.438536.fInstitute of Virology and Immunology, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland ,grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases (MCID), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Stojanovic
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Maisonneuve E, Gerbier E, Taqueer F, Pomar L, Winterfeld U, Passier A, Favre G, Oliver A, Baud D, Nordeng H, Panchaud A. Déterminants de l’adhésion vaccinale contre la COVID-19 chez les femmes enceintes et en post-partum pendant la troisième vague de la pandémie : une étude transversale multinationale européenne. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9830526 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2022.11.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction La vaccination contre le coronavirus (COVID-19) est recommandée chez les femmes enceintes, car elles courent un risque plus élevé de développer une forme sévère de la maladie. Cependant, malgré les preuves croissantes de l’intérêt de la vaccination anti-COVID-19 et de sa sécurité pendant la grossesse, l’hésitation vaccinale demeure élevée dans la population obstétricale – 48,6 % selon une méta-analyse de 46 études publiées jusqu’en février 2022. Ainsi, notre objectif était d’évaluer le statut vaccinal et/ou la volonté de se faire vacciner contre la COVID-19 chez les femmes enceintes et en post-partum dans cinq pays européens et d’en rechercher les facteurs associés. Méthodes Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, menée en Belgique, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas, en Suisse et au Royaume-Uni entre juin et août 2021. Cette enquête en ligne faisait partie d’un projet de recherche international sur la COVID-19 visant à fournir des informations sur les expériences vécues par les femmes enceintes et les mères ayant accouché dans les 3 derniers mois, pendant la troisième vague de la pandémie. Résultats Parmi les 5210 femmes ayant participé à l’étude, nous avons exclu 216 femmes enceintes et 140 en post-partum qui n’avaient pas répondu à la question sur leur statut vaccinal. Chez les femmes enceintes (n = 3195), les proportions de femmes déjà vaccinées et/ou souhaitant être vaccinées étaient 80,5 % en Belgique, 78,5 % au Royaume-Uni, 62,6 % aux Pays-Bas, 32,1 %, en Suisse et 21,5 % en Norvège. Les caractéristiques associées à l’adhésion vaccinale contre la COVID-19 pendant la grossesse étaient l’activité professionnelle, une profession dans le secteur de la santé, un niveau d’éducation élevé, le premier trimestre de la grossesse, et la résidence en Belgique comparée à la Norvège, la Suisse et aux Pays-Bas. Parmi les femmes en post-partum (n = 1659), les proportions de femmes déjà vaccinées et/ou souhaitant être vaccinées étaient 86,0 % au Royaume-Uni, 85,7 % en Belgique, 81 % en Norvège, 72,6 % aux Pays-Bas et 58,6 % en Suisse. Lors du post-partum, les caractéristiques associées à l’adhésion vaccinale contre la COVID-19 étaient l’âge maternel de « 36–40 ans », puis « 31–35 ans », suivi de « 25–30 ans » par rapport à la catégorie « 18–25 ans », une profession dans le domaine de la santé, l’absence d’antécédent d’infection au SARS-CoV-2, l’absence d’allaitement, et la résidence en Belgique par rapport à la Suisse ou aux Pays-Bas. Conclusion L’hésitation vaccinale dépend de nombreux facteurs démographiques et socio-culturels. La connaissance de ces notions est nécessaire afin de mieux l’appréhender, et d’encourager respectueusement l’adhésion à la vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Maisonneuve
- Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Suisse,Auteur correspondant
| | | | - F. Taqueer
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, and PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norvège
| | | | | | - A. Passier
- Teratology Information Service, Pharmacovigilance Centre Lareb, Hertogenbosch, Pays-Bas
| | | | - A. Oliver
- UK Teratology Information Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and the UK Health Security Agency, Newcastle, Royaume-Uni
| | | | - H. Nordeng
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, PharmaTox Strategic Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norvège
| | - A. Panchaud
- Institute for Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Suisse
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Pomar L, Favre G, Baud D. Monkeypox infection during pregnancy: European registry to quantify maternal and fetal risks. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022; 60:431. [PMID: 35809242 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Pomar
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Health Sciences (HESAV), HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Favre
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Van Mieghem T, Lewi L, Slaghekke F, Lopriore E, Yinon Y, Raio L, Baud D, Dekoninck P, Melamed N, Huszti E, Sun L, Shinar S. Prediction of fetal death in monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated by Type-III selective fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022; 59:756-762. [PMID: 35258125 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by Type-III selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) are at high risk of fetal death. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of fetal death in these pregnancies. METHODS This was an international multicenter retrospective cohort study. Type-III sFGR was defined as fetal estimated fetal weight (EFW) of one twin below the 10th percentile and intertwin EFW discordance of ≥ 25% in combination with intermittent absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery of the smaller fetus. Predictors of fetal death were recorded longitudinally throughout gestation and assessed in univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. The classification and regression trees (CART) method was used to construct a prediction model of fetal death using significant predictors derived from the univariable analysis. RESULTS A total of 308 twin pregnancies (616 fetuses) were included in the analysis. In 273 (88.6%) pregnancies, both twins were liveborn, whereas 35 pregnancies had single (n = 19 (6.2%)) or double (n = 16 (5.2%)) fetal death. On univariable analysis, earlier gestational age at diagnosis of Type-III sFGR, oligohydramnios in the smaller twin and deterioration in umbilical artery Doppler flow were associated with an increased risk of fetal death, as was larger fetal EFW discordance, particularly between 24 and 32 weeks' gestation. None of the parameters identified on univariable analysis maintained statistical significance on multivariable analysis. The CART model allowed us to identify three risk groups: a low-risk group (6.8% risk of fetal death), in which umbilical artery Doppler did not deteriorate; an intermediate-risk group (16.3% risk of fetal death), in which umbilical artery Doppler deteriorated but the diagnosis of sFGR was made at or after 16 + 5 weeks' gestation; and a high-risk group (58.3% risk of fetal death), in which umbilical artery Doppler deteriorated and gestational age at diagnosis was < 16 + 5 weeks' gestation. CONCLUSIONS Type-III sFGR is associated with a high risk of fetal death. A prediction algorithm can help to identify the highest-risk group, which is characterized by Doppler deterioration and early referral. Further studies should investigate the potential benefit of fetal surveillance and intervention in this cohort. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Van Mieghem
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Lewi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Slaghekke
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E Lopriore
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Yinon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Raio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Dekoninck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Melamed
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Huszti
- Biostatistics Research Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Sun
- Fetal Medicine Unit & Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Shinar
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Shinar S, Xing W, Lewi L, Slaghekke F, Yinon Y, Raio L, Baud D, DeKoninck P, Melamed N, Huszti E, Sun L, Van Mieghem T. Growth patterns of monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated by Type-III selective fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022; 59:371-376. [PMID: 34369619 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known regarding fetal growth patterns in monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated by Type-III selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR). We aimed to assess fetal growth and umbilical artery Doppler pattern in Type-III sFGR across gestation and evaluate the effect of changing Doppler flow pattern on growth and intertwin growth discordance. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of all Type-III sFGR pregnancies managed at nine fetal centers over a 12-year time period. Higher-order multiple pregnancy and cases with major fetal anomaly or other monochorionicity-related complications at presentation were excluded. Estimated fetal weight (EFW) was assessed on ultrasound for each twin pair at five timepoints (16-20, 21-24, 25-28, 29-32 and > 32 weeks' gestation) and compared with singleton and uncomplicated monochorionic twin EFW. EFW and intertwin EFW discordance were compared between pregnancies with normalization of umbilical artery Doppler of the smaller twin later in pregnancy and those with persistently abnormal Doppler. RESULTS Overall, 328 pregnancies (656 fetuses) met the study criteria. In Type-III sFGR, the smaller twin had a lower EFW than an average singleton fetus (EFW Z-score ranging from -1.52 at 16 weeks to -2.69 at 36 weeks) and an average monochorionic twin in uncomplicated pregnancy (Z-score ranging from -1.73 at 16 weeks to -1.49 at 36 weeks) throughout the entire gestation, while the larger twin had a higher EFW than an average singleton fetus until 22 weeks' gestation and was similar in EFW to an average uncomplicated monochorionic twin throughout gestation. As pregnancy advanced, growth velocity of both twins decreased, with the larger twin remaining appropriately grown and the smaller twin becoming more growth restricted. Intertwin EFW discordance remained stable throughout gestation. On multivariable longitudinal modeling, normalization of fetal umbilical artery Doppler was associated with better growth of the smaller twin (P = 0.002) but not the larger twin (P = 0.1), without affecting the intertwin growth discordance (P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal fetal growth of the smaller twin in Type-III sFGR was evident early in pregnancy, while EFW of the larger twin remained normal throughout gestation. Normalization of umbilical artery Doppler was associated with improved fetal growth of the smaller twin. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shinar
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - W Xing
- Fetal Medicine Unit and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Lewi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Slaghekke
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Yinon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Raio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P DeKoninck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Melamed
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Huszti
- Biostatistics Research Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Sun
- Fetal Medicine Unit and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Van Mieghem
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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8
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Shinar S, Xing W, Pruthi V, Jianping C, Slaghekke F, Groene S, Lopriore E, Lewi L, Couck I, Yinon Y, Batsry L, Raio L, Amylidi-Mohr S, Baud D, Kneuss F, Dekoninck P, Moscou J, Barrett J, Melamed N, Ryan G, Sun L, Van Mieghem T. Outcome of monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated by Type-III selective intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:126-133. [PMID: 33073883 DOI: 10.1002/uog.23515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type-III selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) is associated with a high and unpredictable risk of fetal death and fetal brain injury. The objective of this study was to describe the prospective risk of fetal death and the risk of adverse neonatal outcome in a cohort of twin pregnancies complicated by Type-III sIUGR and treated according to up-to-date guidelines. METHODS We reviewed retrospectively all monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by Type-III sIUGR managed at nine fetal centers over a 12-year period. Higher-order multiple gestations and pregnancies with major fetal anomalies or other monochorionicity-related complications at initial presentation were excluded. Data on fetal and neonatal outcomes were collected and management strategies reviewed. Composite adverse neonatal outcome was defined as neonatal death, invasive ventilation beyond the resuscitation period, culture-proven sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis requiring treatment, intraventricular hemorrhage Grade > I, retinopathy of prematurity Stage > II or cystic periventricular leukomalacia. The prospective risk of intrauterine death (IUD) and the risk of neonatal complications according to gestational age were evaluated. RESULTS We collected data on 328 pregnancies (656 fetuses). After exclusion of pregnancies that underwent selective reduction (n = 18 (5.5%)), there were 51/620 (8.2%) non-iatrogenic IUDs in 35/310 (11.3%) pregnancies. Single IUD occurred in 19/328 (5.8%) pregnancies and double IUD in 16/328 (4.9%). The prospective risk of non-iatrogenic IUD per fetus declined from 8.1% (95% CI, 5.95-10.26%) at 16 weeks, to less than 2% (95% CI, 0.59-2.79%) after 28.4 weeks and to less than 1% (95% CI, -0.30 to 1.89%) beyond 32.6 weeks. In otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies with Type-III sIUGR, delivery was generally planned at 32 weeks, at which time the risk of composite adverse neonatal outcome was 29.0% (31/107 neonates). In twin pregnancies that continued to 34 weeks, there was a very low risk of IUD (0.7%) and a low risk of composite adverse neonatal outcome (11%). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of twin pregnancies complicated by Type-III sIUGR and treated at several tertiary fetal centers, the risk of fetal death was lower than that reported previously. Further efforts should be directed at identifying predictors of fetal death and optimal antenatal surveillance strategies to select a cohort of pregnancies that can continue safely beyond 33 weeks' gestation. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shinar
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - W Xing
- Fetal Medicine Unit &Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai 1st Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - V Pruthi
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C Jianping
- Fetal Medicine Unit &Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai 1st Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - F Slaghekke
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S Groene
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E Lopriore
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L Lewi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Couck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Y Yinon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Batsry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Raio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Amylidi-Mohr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Kneuss
- Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Dekoninck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Moscou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Barrett
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N Melamed
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Ryan
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Sun
- Fetal Medicine Unit &Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shanghai 1st Maternity and Infant Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - T Van Mieghem
- Ontario Fetal Centre, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Pomar L, Lambert V, Madec Y, Vouga M, Pomar C, Matheus S, Fontanet A, Panchaud A, Carles G, Baud D. Placental infection by Zika virus in French Guiana. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 56:740-748. [PMID: 31773804 DOI: 10.1002/uog.21936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe placental findings on prenatal ultrasound and anatomopathological examination in women with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, and to assess their association with congenital ZIKV infection and severe adverse outcome, defined as fetal loss or congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). METHODS This was a prospective study of pregnancies undergoing testing for maternal ZIKV infection at a center in French Guiana during the ZIKV epidemic. In ZIKV-positive women, congenital infection was defined as either a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction result or identification of ZIKV-specific immunoglobulin-M in at least one placental, fetal or neonatal sample. Placental ZIKV-infection status was classified as non-exposed (placentae from non-infected women), exposed (placentae from ZIKV-infected women without congenital infection) or infected (placentae from ZIKV-infected women with proven congenital infection). Placentae were assessed by monthly prenatal ultrasound examinations, measuring placental thickness and umbilical artery Doppler parameters, and by anatomopathological examination after live birth or intrauterine death in women with ZIKV infection. The association of placental thickness during pregnancy and anatomopathological findings with the ZIKV status of the placenta was assessed. The association between placental findings and severe adverse outcome (CZS or fetal loss) in the infected group was also assessed. RESULTS Among 291 fetuses/neonates/placentae from women with proven ZIKV infection, congenital infection was confirmed in 76 cases, of which 16 resulted in CZS and 11 resulted in fetal loss. The 215 remaining placentae from ZIKV-positive women without evidence of congenital ZIKV infection represented the exposed group. A total of 334 placentae from ZIKV-negative pregnant women represented the non-exposed control group. Placentomegaly (placental thickness > 40 mm) was observed more frequently in infected placentae (39.5%) than in exposed placentae (17.2%) or controls (7.2%), even when adjusting for gestational age at diagnosis and comorbidities (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 2.02 (95% CI, 1.22-3.36) and aHR, 3.23 (95% CI, 1.86-5.61), respectively), and appeared earlier in infected placentae. In the infected group, placentomegaly was observed more frequently in cases of CZS (62.5%) or fetal loss (45.5%) than in those with asymptomatic congenital infection (30.6%) (aHR, 5.43 (95% CI, 2.17-13.56) and aHR, 4.95 (95% CI, 1.65-14.83), respectively). Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler was observed more frequently in cases of congenital infection resulting in fetal loss than in those with asymptomatic congenital infection (30.0% vs 6.1%; adjusted relative risk (aRR), 4.83 (95% CI, 1.09-20.64)). Infected placentae also exhibited a higher risk for any pathological anomaly than did exposed placentae (62.8% vs 21.6%; aRR, 2.60 (95% CI, 1.40-4.83)). CONCLUSIONS Early placentomegaly may represent the first sign of congenital infection in ZIKV-infected women, and should prompt enhanced follow-up of these pregnancies. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pomar
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Femme-Mère-Enfant', University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, France
| | - V Lambert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, France
| | - Y Madec
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - M Vouga
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Femme-Mère-Enfant', University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Pomar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, France
| | - S Matheus
- Laboratory of Virology, National Reference Center for Arboviruses, Institut Pasteur, Cayenne; Environment and Infections Risks Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - A Fontanet
- Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- PACRI Unit, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France
| | - A Panchaud
- Service of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Carles
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Guyanais Franck Joly, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, France
| | - D Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Femme-Mère-Enfant', University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Masmejan S, Pomar L, Favre G, Panchaud A, Giannoni E, Greub G, Baud D. Vertical transmission and materno-fetal outcomes in 13 patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1585-1587. [PMID: 32652239 PMCID: PMC7341030 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Masmejan
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Woman-Mother-Child', Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Pomar
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Woman-Mother-Child', Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Favre
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Woman-Mother-Child', Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Panchaud
- Service of Pharmacy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Giannoni
- Neonatology Service, Department 'Woman-Mother-Child', Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Greub
- Centre for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Woman-Mother-Child', Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Gavillet M, Rolnik DL, Hoffman MK, Panchaud A, Baud D. Should we stop aspirin prophylaxis in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 55:843-844. [PMID: 32349165 PMCID: PMC7267269 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Gavillet
- Service and Central Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Oncology and Department of Laboratories and PathologyLausanne University Hospital (CHUV)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - D. L. Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyMonash UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - M. K. Hoffman
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyChristiana CareNewark, DEUSA
| | - A. Panchaud
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical SciencesInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Pharmacy ServiceLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - D. Baud
- Materno‐fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman‐Mother‐ChildLausanne University HospitalLausanneSwitzerland
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Hickman TWP, Baud D, Benhamou L, Hailes HC, Ward JM. Characterisation of four hotdog-fold thioesterases for their implementation in a novel organic acid production system. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4397-4406. [PMID: 32193574 PMCID: PMC7190597 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10519-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With increasing interest in the diverse properties of organic acids and their application in synthetic pathways, developing biological tools for producing known and novel organic acids would be very valuable. In such a system, organic acids may be activated as coenzyme A (CoA) esters, then modified by CoA-dependent enzymes, followed by CoA liberation by a broad-acting thioesterase. This study has focused on the identification of suitable thioesterases (TE) for utilisation in such a pathway. Four recombinant hotdog-fold TEs were screened with a range of CoA esters in order to identify a highly active, broad spectrum TE. The TesB-like TE, RpaL, from Rhodopseudomonas palustris was found to be able to use aromatic, alicyclic and both long and short aliphatic CoA esters. Size exclusion chromatography, revealed RpaL to be a monomer of fused hotdog domains, in contrast to the complex quaternary structures found with similar TesB-like TEs. Nonetheless, sequence alignments showed a conserved catalytic triad despite the variation in quaternary arrangement. Kinetic analysis revealed a preference towards short-branched chain CoA esters with the highest specificity towards DL-β-hydroxybutyryl CoA (1.6 × 104 M−1 s−1), which was found to decrease as the acyl chain became longer and more functionalised. Substrate inhibition was observed with the fatty acyl n-heptadecanoyl CoA at concentrations exceeding 0.3 mM; however, this was attributed to its micellar aggregation properties. As a result of the broad activity observed with RpaL, it is a strong candidate for implementation in CoA ester pathways to generate modified or novel organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W P Hickman
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - D Baud
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - L Benhamou
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - H C Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - J M Ward
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Baud D, Ammerdorffer A, Buffe Y, Vouga M, Greub G, Stojanov M. Impact of Waddlia chondrophila infection on pregnancy in the mouse. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 33:100619. [PMID: 31885870 PMCID: PMC6921213 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intracellular bacterium Waddlia chondrophila, which belongs to the Chlamydiales order, was found to be associated with miscarriage in humans. There is little to no knowledge regarding the mode of infection, impact on the neonate and pathophysiology of this emerging bacterium. We have previously shown that W. chondrophila induces a systemic infection, organ pathology and elicits T helper type 1-associated humoral immunity in a murine model of genital infection. In the present study, we took advantage of this model of infection to evaluate the impact of this bacterium on the mouse pregnancy. We used two routes of inoculation, vaginal and intrauterine, to introduce infection before and after mating. Our results show that genital infection by W. chondrophila did not have any significant impact on gestation length and maternal weight gain, nor on the number of offspring and their weight. This observation indicates that the mouse model of infection is not suitable to study the effect of W. chondrophila on pregnancy and alternative models of infection, including in vitro ones, should be used. Moreover, an indirect immunopathological mechanism activated by this bacterium should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
- Corresponding authors: D. Baud, Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.
| | - A. Ammerdorffer
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Y. Buffe
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - M. Vouga
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - G. Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. Stojanov
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
- Corresponding authors: M. Stojanov, Department of Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland.
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Baud D, Vulliemoz N, Ammerdorffer A, Gyger J, Greub G, Castella V, Stojanov M. Waddlia chondrophila, a Chlamydia-related bacterium, has a negative impact on human spermatozoa. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:3-10. [PMID: 29145645 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the impact of Waddlia chondrophila, an emerging Chlamydia-related bacterium associated with miscarriage, on human spermatozoa? SUMMARY ANSWER W. chondrophila had a negative impact on human spermatozoa (decrease in viability and mitochondrial membrane potential) and was not entirely removed from infected samples by density gradient centrifugation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Bacterial infection or colonization might have a deleterious effect on male fertility. Waddlia chondrophila was previously associated with miscarriage, but its impact on male reproductive function has never been studied. STUDY DESIGN SIZE, DURATION An in vitro model of human spermatozoa infection was used to assess the effects of W. chondrophila infection. Controls included Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D and latex beads with similar size to bacteria. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Purified motile spermatozoa were infected with W. chondrophila (multiplicity of infection of 1). Immunohistochemistry combined with confocal microscopy was used to evaluate how bacteria interact with spermatozoa. The impact on physiology was assessed by monitoring cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA fragmentation. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Using super-resolution confocal microscopy, bacteria were localized on spermatozoa surface, as well as inside the cytoplasm. Compared to controls, W. chondrophila caused a 20% increase in mortality over 72 h of incubation (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher bacterial loads significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Bacteria present on spermatozoa surface were able to further infect a cell-monolayer, indicating that sperm might vector bacteria during sexual intercourse. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION The main limitation of the study is the use of an in vitro model of infection, which might be too simplistic compared to an actual infection. An animal model of infection should be developed to better evaluate the in vivo impact of W. chondrophila. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Intracellular bacteria, including C. trachomatis, Mycoplasma spp. and Ureaplasma spp., are associated with male infertility. Waddlia chondrophila might represent yet another member of this group, highlighting the need for more rigorous microbiological analysis during investigations for male infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work has been funded by the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland, and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant nos. 310030-156169/1, 320030-169853/1 and 320030-169853/2 attributed to D.B.). D.B. is also supported by the 'Fondation Leenaards' through the 'Bourse pour la relève académique', by the 'Fondation Divesa' and by the 'Loterie Romande'. No conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Avenue Pierre-Decker 2, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Vulliemoz
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - A Ammerdorffer
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Avenue Pierre-Decker 2, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Gyger
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Avenue Pierre-Decker 2, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - V Castella
- Forensic Genetics Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Stojanov
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Avenue Pierre-Decker 2, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Stojanov M, Baud D, Greub G, Vulliemoz N. Male infertility: the intracellular bacterial hypothesis. New Microbes New Infect 2018; 26:37-41. [PMID: 30224969 PMCID: PMC6138880 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a disease that affects one in seven couples. As male infertility affects approximately 30% of these couples with an unknown cause in half the cases, it represents a major public health concern. The classic treatment of male infertility involves intrauterine insemination, with modest outcome, and in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, which is known to be invasive and expensive, without treating the specific cause of infertility. Male fertility is mainly evaluated through a semen assessment where abnormal parameters such as concentration and motility can be associated with a decreased chance of conception. Infectious processes represent plausible candidates for male infertility. Chlamydia trachomatis is well known to cause female infertility through tubal damage but its role in male infertility remains controversial. The link between ureaplasmas/mycoplasmas and male infertility is also debatable. The potential negative impact of these bacteria on male fertility might not only involve semen parameters but also, as with C. trachomatis, include important physiological mechanisms such as fertilization processes that are not routinely assessed during infertility investigation. Basic research is important to help determine the exact effect of these bacteria on male fertility to develop targeted treatment and go beyond in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stojanov
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - G Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Vulliemoz
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
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Dessanges JF, Baud D, Charloux A, Plantier L. L’interprétation des EFR peut-elle encore faire l’impasse sur une définition statistique de la normalité ? Rev Mal Respir 2018; 35:231-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Vouga M, Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Liénard J, Baskin L, Baud D, Greub G. What is the true clinical relevance of Simkania negevensis and other emerging Chlamydiales members? New Microbes New Infect 2018; 23:1-5. [PMID: 29692903 PMCID: PMC5913364 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Waddlia chondrophila and Simkania negevensis are emerging Chlamydia-related bacteria. Similar to the pathogenic organisms Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis, these emerging bacteria are implicated in human genital infections and respiratory diseases. We used a screening strategy based on a newly developed S. negevensis–specific quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and a pan-Chlamydiales qPCR. We could not detect S. negevensis in 458 respiratory, genitourinary, cardiac and hepatic samples tested. One urethral swab was positive for W. chondrophila. We observed a low prevalence of Chlamydiales in respiratory samples (1/200, 0.5%), which suggests that C. pneumoniae is an uncommon respiratory pathogen. Furthermore, we screened 414 human serum samples from Switzerland, England and Israel and observed a low prevalence (<1%) of exposure to S. negevensis. Conversely, humans were commonly exposed to W. chondrophila, with seroprevalences ranging from 8.6% to 32.5%. S. negevensis is not a clinically relevant pathogen, but further research investigating the role of W. chondrophila is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Vouga
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department “Femme-Mére-Enfant”, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C. Kebbi-Beghdadi
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J. Liénard
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L. Baskin
- Virology Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - D. Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department “Femme-Mére-Enfant”, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G. Greub
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Infectious Disease Service, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: G. Greub, Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 48, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Bolla D, Favre D, Spinelli M, Baud D, Baumann M, Raio L. Placental anastomoses in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy: not always a source of complication. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016; 48:253-254. [PMID: 26586033 DOI: 10.1002/uog.15822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Bolla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Favre
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Spinelli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Lausanne CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Fetal Laser Group. University Hospital of Bern, Bern, University Hospital of Lausanne CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Baumann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Raio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Fetal Laser Group. University Hospital of Bern, Bern, University Hospital of Lausanne CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- D Musso
- Unit of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institut Louis Malardé, Tahiti, French Polynesia.
| | - D Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department 'Femme-Mère-Enfant', Maternity, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D J Gubler
- Program in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Engels AC, Joyeux L, Brantner C, De Keersmaecker B, De Catte L, Baud D, Deprest J, Van Mieghem T. Sonographic detection of central nervous system defects in the first trimester of pregnancy. Prenat Diagn 2016; 36:266-73. [PMID: 26732542 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The fetal central nervous system can already be examined in the first trimester of pregnancy. Acrania, alobar holoprosencephaly, cephaloceles, and spina bifida can confidently be diagnosed at that stage and should actively be looked for in every fetus undergoing first-trimester ultrasound. For some other conditions, such as vermian anomalies and agenesis of the corpus callosum, markers have been identified, but the diagnosis can only be confirmed in the second trimester of gestation. For these conditions, data on sensitivity and more importantly specificity and false positives are lacking, and one should therefore be aware not to falsely reassure or scare expecting parents based on first-trimester findings. This review summarizes the current knowledge of first-trimester neurosonography in the normal and abnormal fetus and gives an overview of which diseases can be diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Engels
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Joyeux
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - C Brantner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B De Keersmaecker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L De Catte
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Baud
- Feto-Maternal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - T Van Mieghem
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Woman and Child, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Baud D, Stojanov M. [Will a vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis be available soon?]. Rev Med Suisse 2015; 11:1993-1998. [PMID: 26672177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent cause of sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide, with more than 100 million estimated cases annually. This obligate intracellular pathogen is known to cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and chronic infections resulting in tubal factor infertility and ectopic pregnancy. However, the majority of the infections remains asymptomatic and thus untreated. For this reason, the ultimate goal for the prevention C. trachomatis infections is an effective vaccine. Here we review the major challenges and the different strategies associated with the development of an anti-Chlamydial vaccine. Even if an effective vaccine is not available yet, recent advances in the understanding of C. trachomatis pathogenesis and mucosal immune system are promising for its future development.
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Baud D, Ladkau N, Moody TS, Ward JM, Hailes HC. A rapid, sensitive colorimetric assay for the high-throughput screening of transaminases in liquid or solid-phase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17225-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06817g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Red light for transaminases. A highly sensitive colorimetric assay using an inexpensive amine donor has been established for use in high-throughput transaminase screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Baud
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- UK
| | - N. Ladkau
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- UK
| | - T. S. Moody
- Almac
- Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry
- Craivagon
- UK
| | - J. M. Ward
- Department of Biochemical Engineering
- University College London
- UK
| | - H. C. Hailes
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- UK
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23
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Peyter AC, Delhaes F, Baud D, Vial Y, Diaceri G, Menétrey S, Hohlfeld P, Tolsa JF. Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with structural alterations in human umbilical cord and decreased nitric oxide-induced relaxation of umbilical vein. Placenta 2014; 35:891-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Baud D, Windrim R, Van Mieghem T, Keunen J, Seaward G, Ryan G. Twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a frequently missed diagnosis with important consequences. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 44:205-209. [PMID: 24549628 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence and consequences of 'misdiagnosed' cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). METHODS Chorionicity and referral diagnoses were reviewed in pregnant women with monochorionic twin pregnancies complicated by TTTS treated with fetoscopic laser ablation. 'Misdiagnosed' cases, defined as failure to correctly identify chorionicity and/or to diagnose TTTS prior to referral, were compared with cases in whom chorionicity and TTTS were diagnosed correctly. TTTS stage, gestational age at referral, overall survival, fetal and perinatal mortality, gestational age at delivery, operating time and maternal complications were compared. RESULTS Failure to identify monochorionicity and/or TTTS was observed in 33% (107/323) of referrals to our center. Compared with cases in whom chorionicity and TTTS were correctly diagnosed, misdiagnosed patients were referred at a more advanced stage of disease (Stage IV TTTS: 16.8% vs 7.9%, P = 0.014) and later in pregnancy (gestational age at laser: 20.9 weeks vs 20.1 weeks, P = 0.018). They also delivered more prematurely (30.3 weeks' gestation vs 31.5 weeks' gestation, P = 0.04) and fetal and neonatal mortality were higher (neonatal death within 7 days: 19.6% vs 6.0%, P < 0.001). When the diagnosis was incorrect, major maternal complications and intensive care unit admissions were increased. CONCLUSIONS Poor recognition of chorionicity in the first trimester of pregnancy might lead to inadequate ultrasound follow up (failure to assess every 2 weeks) and patient education. Early accurate recognition of both chorionicity and TTTS, with timely referral to a fetal therapy center, are key to ensuring optimal maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baud
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Vouga M, Greub G, Prod'hom G, Durussel C, Roth-Kleiner M, Vasilevsky S, Baud D. Treatment of genital mycoplasma in colonized pregnant women in late pregnancy is associated with a lower rate of premature labour and neonatal complications. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:1074-9. [PMID: 24849820 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp. may colonize the human genital tract and have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm labour and preterm premature rupture of membranes. However, as these bacteria can reside in the normal vaginal flora, there are controversies regarding their true role during pregnancy and so the need to treat these organisms. We therefore conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the treatment of genital mycoplasma in 5377 pregnant patients showing symptoms of potential obstetric complications at 25-37 weeks of gestation. Women presenting with symptoms were routinely screened by culture for the presence of these bacteria and treated with clindamycin when positive. Compared with uninfected untreated patients, women treated for genital mycoplasma demonstrated lower rates of premature labour. Indeed preterm birth rates were, respectively, 40.9% and 37.7% in women colonized with Ureaplasma spp. and M. hominis, compared with 44.1% in uncolonized women (Ureaplasma spp., p 0.024; M. hominis, p 0.001). Moreover, a reduction of neonatal complications rates was observed, with 10.9% of newborns developing respiratory diseases in case of Ureaplasma spp. colonization and 5.9% in the presence of M. hominis, compared with 12.8% in the absence of those bacteria (Ureaplasma spp., p 0.050; M. hominis, p <0.001). Microbiological screening of Ureaplasma spp. and/or M. hominis and pre-emptive antibiotic therapy of symptomatic pregnant women in late pregnancy might represent a beneficial strategy to reduce premature labour and neonatal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vouga
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maternity, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Van Mieghem T, Al-Ibrahim A, Deprest J, Lewi L, Langer JC, Baud D, O'Brien K, Beecroft R, Chaturvedi R, Jaeggi E, Fish J, Ryan G. Minimally invasive therapy for fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma: case series and systematic review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 43:611-619. [PMID: 24488859 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Large solid sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCT) can cause high-output cardiac failure and fetal or neonatal death. The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of minimally invasive antenatal procedures for the treatment of fetal SCT. METHODS A case review was performed of five fetuses with a large SCT treated antenatally using minimally invasive techniques, and a systematic literature review on fetal therapy for solid SCTs was carried out. RESULTS Five women were referred between 17 + 5 and 26 + 4 weeks' gestation for a large fetal SCT with evidence of fetal cardiac failure. Vascular flow to the tumors was interrupted by fetoscopic laser ablation (n = 1), radiofrequency ablation (RFA; n = 2) or interstitial laser ablation ± vascular coiling (n = 2). There were two intrauterine fetal deaths. The other three cases resulted in preterm labor within 10 days of surgery. One neonate died. Two survived without procedure-related complications but had long-term morbidity related to prematurity. The systematic literature review revealed 16 SCTs treated minimally invasively for (early) hydrops. Including our cases, six of 20 hydropic fetuses survived after minimally invasive therapy (30%). Survival after RFA or interstitial laser ablation was 45% (5/11). Of 12 fetuses treated for SCT without obvious hydrops and for which perinatal survival data were available, eight (67%) survived. Mean gestational age at delivery after minimally invasive therapy was 29.7 ± 4.0 weeks. Survival after open fetal surgery in hydropic fetuses was 6/11 (55%), with a mean gestational age at delivery of 29.8 ± 2.9 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Fetal therapy can potentially improve perinatal outcomes for hydropic fetuses with a solid SCT, but is often complicated by intrauterine death and preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Van Mieghem
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; University of Toronto, Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Lienard J, Croxatto A, Gervaix A, Posfay-Barbe K, Baud D, Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Greub G. Undressing of Waddlia chondrophila to enrich its outer membrane proteins to develop a new species-specific ELISA. New Microbes New Infect 2014; 2:13-24. [PMID: 25356333 PMCID: PMC4184618 DOI: 10.1002/2052-2975.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Waddlia chondrophila, an obligate intracellular bacterium of the Chlamydiales order, is considered as an agent of bovine abortion and a likely cause of miscarriage in humans. Its role in respiratory diseases was questioned after the detection of its DNA in clinical samples taken from patients suffering from pneumonia or bronchiolitis. To better define the role of Waddlia in both miscarriage and pneumonia, a tool allowing large-scale serological investigations of Waddlia seropositivity is needed. Therefore, enriched outer membrane proteins of W. chondrophila were used as antigens to develop a specific ELISA. After thorough analytical optimization, the ELISA was validated by comparison with micro-immunofluorescence and it showed a sensitivity above 85% with 100% specificity. The ELISA was subsequently applied to human sera to specify the role of W. chondrophila in pneumonia. Overall, 3.6% of children showed antibody reactivity against W. chondrophila but no significant difference was observed between children with and without pneumonia. Proteomic analyses were then performed using mass spectrometry, highlighting members of the outer membrane protein family as the dominant proteins. The major Waddlia putative immunogenic proteins were identified by immunoblot using positive and negative human sera. The new ELISA represents an efficient tool with high throughput applications. Although no association with pneumonia and Waddlia seropositivity was observed, this ELISA could be used to specify the role of W. chondrophila in miscarriage and in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lienard
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne
| | - A Croxatto
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne
| | - A Gervaix
- Children's Hospital of Geneva, University Hospitals of Geneva and Medical School of the University of Geneva Switzerland
| | - K Posfay-Barbe
- Children's Hospital of Geneva, University Hospitals of Geneva and Medical School of the University of Geneva Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne ; St Mary's Hospital London, United Kingdom
| | - C Kebbi-Beghdadi
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne
| | - G Greub
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne Lausanne
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Gremlich S, Damnon F, Reymondin D, Braissant O, Schittny JC, Baud D, Gerber S, Roth-Kleiner M. The long non-coding RNA NEAT1 is increased in IUGR placentas, leading to potential new hypotheses of IUGR origin/development. Placenta 2013; 35:44-9. [PMID: 24280234 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a multifactorial disease defined by an inability of the fetus to reach its growth potential. IUGR not only increases the risk of neonatal mortality/morbidity, but also the risk of metabolic syndrome during adulthood. Certain placental proteins have been shown to be implicated in IUGR development, such as proteins from the GH/IGF axis and angiogenesis/apoptosis processes. METHODS Twelve patients with term IUGR pregnancy (birth weight < 10th percentile) and 12 CTRLs were included. mRNA was extracted from the fetal part of the placenta and submitted to a subtraction method (Clontech PCR-Select cDNA Subtraction). RESULTS One candidate gene identified was the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 (nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1). NEAT1 is the core component of a subnuclear structure called paraspeckle. This structure is responsible for the retention of hyperedited mRNAs in the nucleus. Overall, NEAT1 mRNA expression was 4.14 (±1.16)-fold increased in IUGR vs. CTRL placentas (P = 0.009). NEAT1 was exclusively localized in the nuclei of the villous trophoblasts and was expressed in more nuclei and with greater intensity in IUGR placentas than in CTRLs. PSPC1, one of the three main proteins of the paraspeckle, co-localized with NEAT1 in the villous trophoblasts. The expression of NEAT1_2 mRNA, the long isoform of NEAT1, was only modestly increased in IUGR vs. CTRL placentas. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION The increase in NEAT1 and its co-localization with PSPC1 suggests an increase in paraspeckles in IUGR villous trophoblasts. This could lead to an increased retention of important mRNAs in villous trophoblasts nuclei. Given that the villous trophoblasts are crucial for the barrier function of the placenta, this could in part explain placental dysfunction in idiopathic IUGR fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gremlich
- Clinic of Neonatology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - F Damnon
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Medical Genetics, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Reymondin
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Medical Genetics, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O Braissant
- Service of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J C Schittny
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Baud
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Medical Genetics, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Gerber
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Medical Genetics, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Roth-Kleiner
- Clinic of Neonatology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Lepigeon K, Baud D. [Fetal therapy: prenatal surgery]. Rev Med Suisse 2013; 9:1959-1964. [PMID: 24245019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The better quality of fetal ultrasound imaging and the development of systematic pregnancy screening programmes allow an earlier detection of fetal anomalies. Most of these conditions can adequately be treated after birth. However, some fetal anomalies progress rapidly during fetal life and can lead to severe morbidity or fetal demise. For such cases, delivery is not an option since the fetus is not viable or delivery will add severe prematurity to the underlying pathology. This raises the question of fetal therapy, allowing curing or improving the condition in utero without to add prematurity. We provide here an overview the most common fetal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lepigeon
- Unité de recherche en médecine materno-foetale et obstétrique, Département de gynécologie-obstétrique, HUV, 1011 Lausanne
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Baud D, Windrim R, Kachura JR, Jefferies A, Pantazi S, Shah P, Langer JC, Forsey J, Chaturvedi RR, Jaeggi E, Keating S, Chiu P, Ryan G. Minimally invasive fetal therapy for hydropic lung masses: three different approaches and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013; 42:440-448. [PMID: 23712922 DOI: 10.1002/uog.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report three different antenatal therapeutic approaches for fetal lung masses associated with hydrops. METHODS Three prospectively followed cases are described, and all 30 previously published minimally invasive cases of fetal therapy for hydropic lung masses are reviewed. RESULTS Three hydropic fetuses with large intrathoracic lung masses presented at 17, 25 and 21 weeks of gestation, respectively. An aortic feeding vessel was identified in each case and thus a bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) was suspected. Under ultrasound guidance, the feeding vessel was successfully occluded with interstitial laser (Case 1), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (Case 2) and thrombogenic coil embolization (Case 3). Complete (Cases 1 and 2) or partial (Case 3) resolution of the lung mass and hydrops was observed. A healthy infant was born at term after laser therapy (Case 1), and the involved lung lobe was resected on day 2 of postnatal life. In Case 2, hydrops resolved completely following RFA, but an iatrogenic congenital diaphragmatic hernia and abdominal wall defect became apparent 4 weeks later. The neonate died from sepsis following spontaneous preterm labor at 33 weeks. In Case 3, despite technical success in complete vascular occlusion with coils, a stillbirth ensued 2 days after embolization. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis of large microcystic or echogenic fetal chest masses associated with hydrops is dismal. This has prompted attempts at treatment by open fetal surgery, with mixed results, high risk of premature labor and consequences for future pregnancies. We have demonstrated the possibility of improved outcome following ultrasound-guided laser ablation of the systemic arterial supply. Despite technical success, RFA and coil embolization led to procedure-related complications and need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baud
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Guenot C, Baud D, Lepigeon K, Francini K, Rossier MC, Hohlfeld P, Vial Y. Inexperienced Sonographers Can Successfully Visualize and Assess a Three-Dimensional Image of the Fetal Face Using a Standardized Ultrasound Protocol. Fetal Diagn Ther 2013; 34:96-102. [DOI: 10.1159/000351135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
This review considers the role of intracellular bacteria in adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage, stillbirths, and preterm labour. The cause of miscarriage, stillbirth and preterm labour often remains unexplained. Intracellular bacteria that grow either poorly or not at all on media used routinely to detect human pathogens could be the aetiological agents of these obstetric conditions. For example, Listeria monocytogenes and Coxiella burnetti are intracellular bacteria that have a predilection for the fetomaternal unit and may induce fatal disease in the mother and/or fetus. Both are important foodborne or zoonotic pathogens in pregnancy. Preventive measures, diagnostic tools and treatment will be reviewed. Moreover, we will also address the importance in adverse pregnancy outcomes of other intracellular bacteria, including Brucella abortus and various members of the order Chlamydiales. Indeed, there is growing evidence that Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia abortus and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections may also result in adverse pregnancy outcomes in humans and/or animals. Moreover, newly discovered Chlamydia-like organisms have recently emerged as new pathogens of both animals and humans. For example, Waddlia chondrophila, a Chlamydia-related bacterium isolated from aborted bovine fetuses, has also been implicated in human miscarriages. Future research should help us to better understand the pathophysiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by intracellular bacteria and to determine the precise mode of transmission of newly identified bacteria, such as Waddlia and Parachlamydia. These emerging pathogens may represent the tip of the iceberg of a large number of as yet unknown intracellular pathogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baud
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Centre and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Veyer A, Baud D. Ostéoporose et BPCO. Rev Mal Respir 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.10.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Baud D, Goy G, Osterheld MC, Borel N, Vial Y, Pospischil A, Greub G. Waddlia chondrophila: From Bovine Abortion to Human Miscarriage. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 52:1469-71. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Baud D, Regan L, Greub G. Comparison of five commercial serological tests for the detection of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 29:669-75. [PMID: 20349260 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-010-0912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis-specific antibodies is valuable in investigating recurrent miscarriage, tubal infertility and extrauterine pregnancy. We compared here the performance of immunofluorescence (IF) to four other commercial tests in detecting IgG antibodies directed against C. trachomatis: two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) as the antigen, commercialised respectively by Medac and R-Biopharm (RB), one ELISA using the chlamydial heat shock protein 60 (cHSP60) as the antigen (Medac), as well as a new automated epifluorescence immunoassay (InoDiag). A total of 405 patients with (n = 251) and without (n = 154) miscarriages were tested by all five tests. The prevalence of C. trachomatis-specific IgG antibodies as determined by the IF, cHSP60-Medac, MOMP-Medac, MOMP-RB and InoDiag was 14.3, 23.2, 14.3, 11.9 and 26.2%, respectively. InoDiag exhibited the highest sensitivity, whereas MOMP-RB showed the best specificity. Cross-reactivity was observed with C. pneumoniae using IF, MOMP-RB and InoDiag, and Parachlamydia acanthamoebae using the cHSP60 ELISA test. No cross-reactivity was observed between C. trachomatis and the other Chlamydiales (Neochlamydia hartmannellae, Waddlia chondrophila and Simkania negevensis). Given its high sensitivity, the new automated epifluorescence immunoassay from InoDiag represents an interesting alternative. The MOMP-based ELISA of R-Biopharm should be preferred for large serological studies, given the high throughput of ELISA and its excellent specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baud
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Bugnon 48, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Baud D, Peter O, Langel C, Regan L, Greub G. Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii and Brucella abortus among pregnant women. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15:499-501. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02779.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baud
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Grosbois JM, Bart F, Aron C, Bajon D, Baud D, Blanc X, Bourbeau J, Brissot R, Dechaud V, Hayot M, Jennequin J, Joud P, Palomba B, Perronno J, Piperno D, Surpas P, Wallaert B. Question 6. Modalités de suivi et évaluation de l’efficacité de la réhabilitation respiratoire des BPCO à long terme. Rev Mal Respir 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(05)85717-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Grosbois JM, Bart F, Aron C, Bajon D, Baud D, Blanc X, Bourbeau J, Brissot R, Dechaud V, Hayot M, Jennequin J, Joud P, Palomba B, Perronno J, Piperno D, Surpas P, Wallaert B. [Question 6. Survival analysis and long-term evaluation of the efficacy of respiratory therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. Rev Mal Respir 2005; 22:7S112-7S118. [PMID: 16340828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J-M Grosbois
- CH Béthune Centre Germon-Gauthier, 62408 Béthune, France.
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Lebeau B, Daoud S, Baud D, Giraud F, Chouaid C. 90 Iressa (zd 1839) dans le traitement des cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules (CBNPC) en échappement thérapeutique : étude observationnelle. Rev Mal Respir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(04)71716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Baud D. [Smoking addiction and emancipation: Can smoking addiction be a fate? How to fight it?]. Rev Mal Respir 2003; 20:662-4. [PMID: 14631242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
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Homasson JP, Roden S, Angebault M, Baud D, Hennequin C, Chotin G, Maylin C. [Treatment of lung cancers by high dose curietherapy]. Presse Med 1992; 21:317. [PMID: 1532652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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