1
|
Azar D, Nel A. The first Early Cretaceous representative of the fly family Tipulidae from the lower Barremian dysodiles of Lebanon (Diptera). Zootaxa 2023; 5396:58-63. [PMID: 38220981 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5396.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Leptotarsus reyi sp. nov., first representative of the family Tipulidae from the Lower Cretaceous of Lebanon, is characterised, described and illustrated from the Early Barremian dysodile of Jdeidet Bkassine, South Lebanon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing; Jiangsu; 210008; China; Department of Natural Sciences; Faculty of Sciences II; Lebanese University; P.O. Box: 26110217; Fanar; Matn; Lebanon.
| | - Andr Nel
- Institut de Systmatique; Evolution; Biodiversit; ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS; MNHN; UPMC; EPHE; Musum National dHistoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universits; 57 Rue Cuvier; CP 50; Entomologie; F-75005; Paris; France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
We report the first discovery of barklice preserved in copula from amber dating back to the mid-Cretaceous, thus documenting the oldest preserved reproductive behaviour of Psocodea. The new finding provides new insight into the evolution of copulatory behaviour in Trogiomorpha. Moreover, we describe and illustrate the new fossil material of Burmempheria densuschaetae (= Latempheria kachinensis) in the extinct family Empheriidae and Longiantennum fashengi in the extinct family Archaeatropidae, two diverse and widely distributed groups during the Cretaceous. No significant sexual dimorphism is recorded, apart from variation in size where males are larger. The taxonomy of Cretaceous empheriids from Burmese amber is revised and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hakim
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing 210008; China.
| | - Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing 210008; China; Lebanese University; Faculty of Science II; Natural Sciences Department; Fanar - El-Matn; PO box 26110217; Lebanon.
| | - DI-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing 210008; China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Azar D, Huang DIY. Palaeoparasycorax globosus Stebner et al., 2015 from the mid-Cretaceous amber of Myanmar: Description of a mating pair. Zootaxa 2023; 5396:94-104. [PMID: 38220978 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5396.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
A mating pair of Palaeoparasycorax globosus Stebner et al., 2015 from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber is illustrated and described. The male is redescribed, and the female genitalia of this species is described for the first time. This discovery allows for a better understanding of this fossil sycoracines characteristics and further demonstrates the bioinclusion richness of the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. A list of all Cretaceous Psychodidae is given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing 210008; China; Lebanese University; Faculty of Science II; Natural Sciences Department; Fanar - El-Matn; PO box 26110217; Lebanon.
| | - DI-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing 210008; China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Female mosquitoes are among the most notorious blood-feeding insects, sometimes causing severe allergic responses or vectoring a variety of microbial pathogens.1,2 Hematophagy in insects is likely a feeding shift from plant fluids, with the piercing-sucking mouthparts serving as suitable exaptation for piercing vertebrates' skin. The origins of these habits are mired in an often-poor fossil record for many hematophagous lineages,3,4 particularly those of sufficient age, as to give insights into the paleoecological context in which blood feeding first appeared or even to arrive at gross estimates as to when such shifts have occurred. This is certainly the case for mosquitoes, a clade estimated molecularly to date back to the Jurassic.5 The known Mesozoic Culicidae are Late Cretaceous, assigned to the modern Anophelinae or to the extinct Burmaculicinae, sister to other Culicidae, all with mouthparts of a modern type. Here, we report the discovery, in Lower Cretaceous amber from Lebanon, of two conspecific male mosquitoes unexpectedly with piercing mouthparts, armed with denticulate sharp mandibles and laciniae. These male fossils were likely hematophagous. They represent a lineage that diverged earlier than Burmaculicinae, extending the definitive occurrence of the family into the Early Cretaceous and serving to narrow the ghost-lineage gap for mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Natural Sciences Department, Fanar - El-Matn, P.O. Box 90656 Jdeidet, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Diying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Michael S Engel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, 75005 Paris, France; Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA; Museum at Prairiefire, 5801 West 135(th) Street, Overland Park, KS 66223, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Káčerová J, Azar D. Mesozoic cockroaches (Insecta: Mesoblattinidae, Blattulidae) from shale and dysodile of Lebanon. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Wang B, Shi G, Xu C, Spicer RA, Perrichot V, Schmidt AR, Feldberg K, Heinrichs J, Chény C, Pang H, Liu X, Gao T, Wang Z, Ślipiński A, Solórzano-Kraemer MM, Heads SW, Thomas MJ, Sadowski EM, Szwedo J, Azar D, Nel A, Liu Y, Chen J, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Luo C, Yu T, Zheng D, Zhang H, Engel MS. The mid-Miocene Zhangpu biota reveals an outstandingly rich rainforest biome in East Asia. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/18/eabg0625. [PMID: 33931457 PMCID: PMC8087408 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
During the Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum [MMCO, ~14 to 17 million years (Ma) ago], global temperatures were similar to predicted temperatures for the coming century. Limited megathermal paleoclimatic and fossil data are known from this period, despite its potential as an analog for future climate conditions. Here, we report a rich middle Miocene rainforest biome, the Zhangpu biota (~14.7 Ma ago), based on material preserved in amber and associated sedimentary rocks from southeastern China. The record shows that the mid-Miocene rainforest reached at least 24.2°N and was more widespread than previously estimated. Our results not only highlight the role of tropical rainforests acting as evolutionary museums for biodiversity at the generic level but also suggest that the MMCO probably strongly shaped the East Asian biota via the northern expansion of the megathermal rainforest biome. The Zhangpu biota provides an ideal snapshot for biodiversity redistribution during global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Gongle Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Chunpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Robert A Spicer
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- School of Environment, Earth, and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Vincent Perrichot
- Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France
| | | | - Kathrin Feldberg
- Department of Geobiology, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jochen Heinrichs
- Systematic Botany and Mycology, Department of Biology I and Geobio-Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80638 Munich, Germany
| | - Cédric Chény
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Hong Pang
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Taiping Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zixi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Mónica M Solórzano-Kraemer
- Department of Palaeontology and Historical Geology, Senckenberg Research Institute, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sam W Heads
- Center for Paleontology, Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - M Jared Thomas
- Center for Paleontology, Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Sadowski
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacek Szwedo
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology and Museum of Amber Inclusions, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, University of Gdańsk, 80308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 26110217, Fanar-Matn, Lebanon
| | - André Nel
- Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ye Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Cihang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daran Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077, China
| | - Haichun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Michael S Engel
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, 1501 Crestline Drive, Suite 140, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024-5192, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
López-Antoñanzas R, Renaud S, Peláez-Campomanes P, Azar D, Kachacha G, Knoll F. First levantine fossil murines shed new light on the earliest intercontinental dispersal of mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11874. [PMID: 31467294 PMCID: PMC6715647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent extensive field prospecting conducted in the Upper Miocene of Lebanon resulted in the discovery of several new fossiliferous localities. One of these, situated in the Zahleh area (Bekaa Valley, central Lebanon) has yielded a particularly diverse vertebrate fauna. Micromammals constitute an important part of this assemblage because not only do they represent the first Neogene rodents and insectivores from Lebanon, but they are also the only ones from the early Late Miocene of the Arabian Peninsula and circumambient areas. Analyses of the murines from Zahleh reveal that they belong to a small-sized early Progonomys, which cannot be assigned to any of the species of the genus hitherto described. They are, thereby, shown to represent a new species: Progonomys manolo. Morphometric analyses of the outline of the first upper molars of this species suggest a generalist and omnivorous diet. This record sheds new light onto a major phenomenon in the evolutionary history of rodents, which is the earliest dispersal of mice. It suggests that the arrival of murines in Africa got under way through the Levant rather than via southern Europe and was monitored by the ecological requirements of Progonomys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel López-Antoñanzas
- Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution (UMR-CNRS 5554), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sabrina Renaud
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR-CNRS 5558), Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Dany Azar
- Natural Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - George Kachacha
- Natural Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Fabien Knoll
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,ARAID-Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinopolis, Teruel, Spain.,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saadé A, Baron P, Noujeim ZE, Arouk E, Azar D. Predictability of Craniofacial Skeletal Age with Geometric Morphometries. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:1493-1500. [PMID: 30713179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to estimate skeletal age of craniofacial shape obtained from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-defined facial and basicranial landmarks using geometric morphometrics method in a random sample of growing patients, and explore the correlation between craniofacial shape and skeletal age as determined from hand and wrist radiograph. MATERIALS AND METHODS Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) of craniofacial shape with estimation of centroid size was performed on CBCTs of 48 growing patients (mean age 11.7 ± 1.5 years). Greulich and Pyle method for skeletal age assessment were used for correlation with centroid size. Correlation among the variables relied on Pearson's coefficient and its 95% confidence interval was estimated. The model's R2 was calculated, (Cook's distances, Mahalanobis distances, leverage values, and studentized residuals) and multiple regression analysis performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. RESULTS Mean skeletal age was 11.9 ± 2.4 years. Centroid size (151.5 ± 7.2) was significantly correlated with chronological age (R = 0.616, 95% CI 0.355-0.789, p < 0.01) and skeletal age (R = 0.605, 95 % CI 0.331-0.794, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION A new equation for determining craniofacial skeletal age was developed, using the centroid size of the craniofacial frame, gender, and the known chronological age. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE A CBCT may be used for skeletal age assessment without additional hand wrist radiograph.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Saadé
- Department of Orthodontics and Dento-Facial Orthopedics, Lebanese University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadath, Lebanon, e-mail:
| | - Pascal Baron
- Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paul Sabatier University, 3 Chemin des Maraichers,Toulouse, France
| | - Ziad Ef Noujeim
- Departments of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Radiology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lebanese University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Elie Arouk
- Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dental Surgery, Paul Sabatier University, 3 Chemin des Maraichers,Toulouse, France
| | - Dany Azar
- Department of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China and Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese University Faculty of Science, Fanar, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pérez-de la Fuente R, Peñalver E, Azar D, Engel MS. A soil-carrying lacewing larva in Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16663. [PMID: 30413797 PMCID: PMC6226488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse organisms protect and camouflage themselves using varied materials from their environment. This adaptation and associated behaviours (debris-carrying) are well known in modern green lacewing larvae (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), mostly due to the widespread use of these immature insects in pest control. However, the evolutionary history of this successful strategy and related morphological adaptations in the lineage are still far from being understood. Here we describe a novel green lacewing larva, Tyruschrysa melqart gen. et sp. nov., from Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber, carrying a preserved debris packet composed by soil particles entangled among specialised setae of extremely elongate tubular tubercles. The new morphotype has features related to the debris-carrying habit that are unknown from extant or extinct green lacewings, namely a high number of tubular tubercle pairs on the abdomen and tubular tubercle setae with mushroom-shaped endings that acted as anchoring points for debris. The current finding expands the diversity of exogenous materials used by green lacewing larvae in deep time, and represents the earliest direct evidence of debris-carrying in the lineage described to date. The debris-carrying larval habit likely played a significant role during the initial phases of diversification of green lacewings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique Peñalver
- Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (Museo Geominero), C/Cirilo Amorós 42, 46004, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar Matn, P.O. Box 26110217, Lebanon
| | - Michael S Engel
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, 10024, USA.,Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1501 Crestline Drive - Suite 140, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shayya S, Debruyne R, Nel A, Azar D. Forensically Relevant Blow Flies in Lebanon Survey and Identification Using Molecular Markers (Diptera: Calliphoridae). J Med Entomol 2018; 55:1113-1123. [PMID: 29762744 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Calliphoridae are among the first insects associated to decomposing animal remains. We have collected 1,841 specimens of three calliphorid genera: Calliphora, Lucilia, and Chrysomya, from different Lebanese localities as a first step in implementing a database of insects of forensic relevance for the country. Blow-flies are crucial for the estimation of the postmortem interval. DNA-based identification is a rapid and accurate method, often used for morphologically similar species, especially for immatures or incomplete specimens. In this study, we test the suitability of three genetic markers to identify adults and immature stages of calliphorids, viz., mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode, a region including partial sequences of mitochondrial Cyt-b-tRNAser-ND1, and second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Forty Lebanese specimens of various developmental stages (egg, larva, wandering third instar, pupa, newly emerged adult, and mature adult) were identified among the three calliphorid genera: Calliphora, Lucilia, and Chrysomya, and compared with published sequences to confirm their specific assignation. Phylogenetic analyses showed the robustness of ITS2 and COI to identify calliphorids at species level. Nevertheless, ITS2 failed to discriminate Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) from Lucilia illustris (Meigen) (Diptera, Calliphoridae), and COI had a similar issue with Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera, Calliphoridae) and Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Thus, these two markers are complementary. This work contributes new nucleotide sequences for Lebanon. It is a first step in implementing a molecular database of forensic relevant insects for the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salman Shayya
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP, Entomologie, Paris, France
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Rafic Hariri University Campus, Hadath, Lebanon
- Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council of Scientific Research - Lebanon (CNRS-L)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar - Matn, Lebanon
| | - Régis Debruyne
- Service de Systématique Moléculaire, UMS 2700 - CNRS, MNHN, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP, Paris, France
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP, Entomologie, Paris, France
| | - Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar - Matn, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shayya S, Dégallier N, Nel A, Azar D, Lackner T. Contribution to the knowledge of Saprinus Erichson, 1834 of forensic relevance from Lebanon (Coleoptera, Histeridae). Zookeys 2018; 738:117-152. [PMID: 29670426 PMCID: PMC5904533 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.738.21382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many histerid beetles are necrophilous on carrion during both active and advanced stages of decomposition. In this study, 13 species of Saprinus were recorded on carrion from Lebanon, containing eight that are new for the Lebanese fauna. The following Saprinus species are newly recorded from Lebanon: 1) Saprinus (S.) caerulescens caerulescens (Hoffmann, 1803); 2) S. (S.) calatravensis Fuente, 1899; 3) S. (S.) chalcites (Illiger, 1807); 4) S. (S.) godet (Brullé, 1832); 5) S. (S.) maculatus (P. Rossi, 1792); 6) S. (S.) strigil Marseul, 1855; 7) S. (S.) submarginatus J. Sahlberg, 1913; and 8) S. (S.) tenuistrius sparsutus Solsky, 1876. The peak activity was recorded, key for the species is provided, and habitus images and male genitalia are illustrated in order to facilitate their taxonomic identifications. Saprinus species are diverse and common on animal carcass; they were likewise collected from a human cadaver in Lebanon. Preliminary comments on biology and distribution of the studied species are given. Our paper represents the first faunistic study on Histeridae from Lebanon. A rigorous research program regarding the biology of Saprinus in Lebanon and the neighbouring countries would greatly improve the knowledge of the diversity, activity, and possible forensic value of Saprinus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salman Shayya
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie F-75005, Paris, France
- Université Libanaise, Ecole Doctorale de Sciences et Technologies, Campus Universitaire de Rafic Hariri – Hadath, Lebanon
- Lebanese atomic energy commission, National Council of Scientific Research – Lebanon (CNRS-L)
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box: 26110217, Fanar – Matn, Lebanon
| | | | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Dany Azar
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box: 26110217, Fanar – Matn, Lebanon
| | - Tomáš Lackner
- Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstraße 21, 81247 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saadé A, Baron P, Noujeim Z, Azar D. Dental and Skeletal Age Estimations in Lebanese Children: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:90-97. [PMID: 28584777 PMCID: PMC5452572 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_139_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives: Assessing dental and bone ages is frequently required in a wide range of fields such as odontology, forensic science, as well as orthopedics. The aim of this study was to evaluate applicability of two methods of bone age assessment and two methods of dental age (DA) assessment for Lebanese children. Materials and Methods: Skeletal age (SA) of 260 orthodontic patients (124 males, 136 females divided into four groups each) was consecutively assessed using Greulich and Pyle and Fishman's SMI methods. DA was evaluated using both Demirjian's and Willem's methods. Mean age was 11.89 ± 1.38 years for males and 11.75 ± 1.58 years for females. Data were collected and statistically analyzed using the SPSS software (IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21, USA). The differences between estimated DA, estimated SA, and chronological age (CA) were compared by gender and age group. Results: Greulich and Pyle method showed nonsignificant difference with CA in male sample, while in both assessment methods, the difference between skeletal and CAs is significant in female sample. Results of Willem's method in the whole sample suggested a statistically nonsignificant difference, when compared to CA. Demirjian's method delivered higher mean value than Willem's assessment in both genders. Conclusions: Greulich and Pyle method is accurate for SA assessment in males and only in one group of females, while it significantly overestimates age in all other female groups. Willem's method is more suitable to assess DA in both genders. A strong correlation exists between both dental and skeletal assessment methods and CA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Saadé
- Department of Orthodontics, Lebanese University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascal Baron
- Laboratoire AMIS UMR 5288 CNRS, Paul Sabatier University, and Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Toulouse, France
| | - Ziad Noujeim
- Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis and Basic Science, Lebanese University, School of Dentistry, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dany Azar
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese University, Faculty of Science, Fanar, Lebanon, and State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Farache FHA, Rasplus JY, Azar D, Pereira RAS, Compton SG. First record of a non-pollinating fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Sycophaginae) from Dominican amber, with estimation of the size of its host figs. J NAT HIST 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1193646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando H. A. Farache
- PPG em Entomologia, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Dany Azar
- Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Fanar Matn, Lebanon
| | - Rodrigo A. S. Pereira
- PPG em Entomologia, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Stephen G. Compton
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Garrouste R, Azar D, Nel A. The oldest accurate record of Scenopinidae in the Lowermost Eocene amber of France (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 2016; 4093:444-50. [PMID: 27394507 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4093.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Eocenotrichia magnifica gen. et sp. nov. (Diptera: Scenopinidae: Metatrichini) is described and illustrated from the Lowermost Eocene amber of Oise (France) and represents the oldest definitive window fly fossil. The present discovery in the Earliest Eocene supports the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene age currently proposed for the emergence of Metatrichini.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Garrouste
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F-75005, Paris, France.;
| | - Dany Azar
- Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Biology, Beirut, Lebanon.;
| | - Andre Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, Entomologie, F-75005, Paris, France.;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang DY, Bechly G, Nel P, Engel MS, Prokop J, Azar D, Cai CY, van de Kamp T, Staniczek AH, Garrouste R, Krogmann L, dos Santos Rolo T, Baumbach T, Ohlhoff R, Shmakov AS, Bourgoin T, Nel A. New fossil insect order Permopsocida elucidates major radiation and evolution of suction feeding in hemimetabolous insects (Hexapoda: Acercaria). Sci Rep 2016; 6:23004. [PMID: 26961785 PMCID: PMC4785345 DOI: 10.1038/srep23004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With nearly 100,000 species, the Acercaria (lice, plant lices, thrips, bugs) including number of economically important species is one of the most successful insect lineages. However, its phylogeny and evolution of mouthparts among other issues remain debatable. Here new methods of preparation permitted the comprehensive anatomical description of insect inclusions from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber in astonishing detail. These "missing links" fossils, attributed to a new order Permopsocida, provide crucial evidence for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships in the Acercaria, supporting its monophyly, and questioning the position of Psocodea as sister group of holometabolans in the most recent phylogenomic study. Permopsocida resolves as sister group of Thripida + Hemiptera and represents an evolutionary link documenting the transition from chewing to piercing mouthparts in relation to suction feeding. Identification of gut contents as angiosperm pollen documents an ecological role of Permopsocida as early pollen feeders with relatively unspecialized mouthparts. This group existed for 185 million years, but has never been diverse and was superseded by new pollenivorous pollinators during the Cretaceous co-evolution of insects and flowers. The key innovation of suction feeding with piercing mouthparts is identified as main event that triggered the huge post-Carboniferous radiation of hemipterans, and facilitated the spreading of pathogenic vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Günter Bechly
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Patricia Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
- AgroParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Michael S. Engel
- Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jakub Prokop
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dany Azar
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Biology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chen-Yang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Thomas van de Kamp
- ANKA/ Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Romain Garrouste
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Lars Krogmann
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tomy dos Santos Rolo
- ANKA/ Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- ANKA/ Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Alexey S. Shmakov
- Arthropoda Laboratory, Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thierry Bourgoin
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
López-Antoñanzas R, Knoll F, Maksoud S, Azar D. First Miocene rodent from Lebanon provides the 'missing link' between Asian and African gundis (Rodentia: Ctenodactylidae). Sci Rep 2015; 5:12871. [PMID: 26250050 PMCID: PMC4528195 DOI: 10.1038/srep12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ctenodactylinae (gundis) is a clade of rodents that experienced, in Miocene time, their greatest diversification and widest distribution. They expanded from the Far East, their area of origin, to Africa, which they entered from what would become the Arabian Peninsula. Questions concerning the origin of African Ctenodactylinae persist essentially because of a poor fossil record from the Miocene of Afro-Arabia. However, recent excavations in the Late Miocene of Lebanon have yielded a key taxon for our understanding of these issues. Proafricanomys libanensis nov. gen. nov. sp. shares a variety of dental characters with both the most primitive and derived members of the subfamily. A cladistic analysis demonstrates that this species is the sister taxon to a clade encompassing all but one of the African ctenodactylines, plus a southern European species of obvious African extraction. As such, Proafricanomys provides the 'missing link' between the Asian and African gundis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel López-Antoñanzas
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabien Knoll
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Paleobiología, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sibelle Maksoud
- UMR 6538 Domaine Océanique, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Dany Azar
- Natural Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The molecular composition of 10 Cretaceous and one Eocene ambers from France was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, solid-state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermochemolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The terpenoids identified in the samples were used as biomarkers for the botanical origin of the resins. The Cretaceous samples, comprising the so-called Alpine, Anjou, Charentese, Provence, Pyrenean, and Vendean ambers, ranged from the Albian-Cenomanian transition to the early Santonian (100 to 85 Ma) and correspond to class Ib resins typical of conifers. The extinct conifer family Cheirolepidiaceae was proposed as the plant source of Pyrenean and brown Charentese ambers. Araucariaceae or Cheirolepidiaceae were the plant sources of the Cenomanian Alpine, Anjou, and yellow Charentese ambers. The Santonian ambers of Provence and Vendée were found to derive from the Cupressaceae. The Eocene Oise amber (ca. 53 Ma) is a class Ic resin typical of angiosperms and was produced by a Fabaceae. The evolution of resin sources from the early Cretaceous to the Eocene periods is discussed. Finally, a possible fingerprint hitherto unveiled is proposed for cheirolepidiaceous resins, defined by the simultaneous presence of phenolic diterpenoids, labdanoic acids, callitrisate structures, and their respective derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef A Nohra
- †CNRS UMR 6118 Géosciences and OSUR, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu Bâtiment 15, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- ‡Doctoral School, PRASE Lebanese University, Campus Hadath-BP5, Beirut, Lebanon
- §Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 26110217, Fanar-Matn, Lebanon
| | - Vincent Perrichot
- †CNRS UMR 6118 Géosciences and OSUR, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu Bâtiment 15, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Jeanneau
- †CNRS UMR 6118 Géosciences and OSUR, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu Bâtiment 15, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Le Pollès
- ⊥Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, 11 Allée de Beaulieu, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France
| | - Dany Azar
- §Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, P.O. Box 26110217, Fanar-Matn, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Dinosaurs undoubtedly produced huge quantities of excrements. But who cleaned up after them? Dung beetles and flies with rapid development were rare during most of the Mesozoic. Candidates for these duties are extinct cockroaches (Blattulidae), whose temporal range is associated with herbivorous dinosaurs. An opportunity to test this hypothesis arises from coprolites to some extent extruded from an immature cockroach preserved in the amber of Lebanon, studied using synchrotron X-ray microtomography. 1.06% of their volume is filled by particles of wood with smooth edges, in which size distribution directly supports their external pre-digestion. Because fungal pre-processing can be excluded based on the presence of large particles (combined with small total amount of wood) and absence of damages on wood, the likely source of wood are herbivore feces. Smaller particles were broken down biochemically in the cockroach hind gut, which indicates that the recent lignin-decomposing termite and cockroach endosymbionts might have been transferred to the cockroach gut upon feeding on dinosaur feces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vršanský
- Geological Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Arthropoda Laboratory, Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas van de Kamp
- ANKA/Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dany Azar
- Faculty of Science II, Natural Sciences Department, Lebanese University, Fanar, Fanar-Matn, Lebanon
| | - Alexander Prokin
- I.D. Papanin Institute for biology of inland waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
- Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - L'ubomír Vidlička
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Vagovič
- ANKA/Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Amber predating the Lower Cretaceous is extremely rare. During the past two decades, records of discoveries of amber sites have increased considerably worldwide. We report herein the discovery of ten new outcrops of amber from the Late Jurassic in Lebanon, in addition to other nine outcrops described by Azar et al. (2010). Some of these outcrops gave large centimetric sized amber pieces. Each of these new amber outcrops is described, and its infrared spectrum is given. Though the Jurassic amber yielded to date no more than some fungal inclusions, this discovery is significant and promising especially in the reconstruction of the paleoenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Nohra
- Lebanese UniversityLebanon
- Lebanese UniversityLebanon
- Université de Rennes 1France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kirejtshuk AG, Azar D. Current knowledge of Coleoptera (Insecta) from the Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber and taxonomical notes for some Mesozoic groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1163/18749836-06021061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper overviews more than 39 families of fossil Coleoptera from Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber from nine outcrops. Lebanese amber contains the oldest representatives of the families Scydmaenidae (considered by some as a subfamily of Staphylinidae), Ptiliidae, Elodophalmidae, Clambidae, Throscidae, Lebanophytidae fam. n., Ptilodactylidae, Cantharidae, Melyridae, Dasytidae, Dermestidae, Ptinidae, Kateretidae, Erotylidae, Latridiidae, Laemophloeidae, Salpingidae, Anthicidae, Melandryidae, Aderidae, Curculionidae (Scolytinae). The families Chelonariidae and Scraptiidae are known from both Lebanese amber and Baissa, with both sites having a comparable age. The subfamilies Trechinae (Carabidae), Euaesthetinae (Staphylinidae) and Liparochrinae (Hybosoridae) first appear in the fossil record in Lebanese amber. The Coleoptera in Lebanese amber mostly belong to groups with arboreal habits (as found today in wood and tree fungi).Eochelonarium bellegen. et sp. n.,Rhizophtoma synchrotronicasp. n.,Rhizobactron marinaegen et sp. n. andAtetrameropsis subglobosagen. et sp. n. are described from Lebanese amber. A new subfamily in the family Cerophytidae is proposed forAphytocerus communisZherichin, 1977 (Aphytocerinae subfam. n.) and new genusBaissopsisgen.nov. is erected forBaissophytum amplusChang, Kirejtshuk et Ren, 2011. Also a new interpretation of the taxon “Lasiosynidae” is provided by placing it as a subfamily in the family Eulichadidae with two genera (LasiosyneTan, Ren et Shih, 2007 andBupredactylaKirejtshuk, Chang, Ren et Shih, 2010), while the other genera initially regarded as “Lasiosynidae” were tentatively transferred into Eulichadinae sensu n. (MesodascillaMartynov, 1926;TarsomegamerusZhang, 2005;BrachysyneTan et Ren, 2009;AnacapitisYan, 2009;ParelateriformiusYan et Wang, 2010 andCretasyneYan, Wang et Zhang, 2013) with the new synonymy ofTarsomegamerusandParelateriformiussyn. n. The genusMesaplusHong, 1983 described in the family Triaplidae is also transvered to Eulichadinae. The generaArtematopoditesPonomarenko, 1990;DzeregiaPonomarenko, 1985 andGlaphyropteroidesHandlirsch, 1906 proposed for species known only by separate elytra and recently included in the “family” Lasiosynidae (Yan et al., 2013) are regarded as Elateriformiaincertae sedis. The first insect from the newly discovered outcrops of Nabaa Es-Sukkar – Brissa: Caza (District) Sir Ed-Danniyeh, Mouhafazet (Governorate) Loubnan Esh-Shimali (North Lebanon) is described and the first general description of this outcrop is made.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Kirejtshuk
- Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesUniversitetskaya embRussia
- 2CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP 50 Entomologie, 45, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Dany Azar
- 2CNRS UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP 50 Entomologie, 45, rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France
- Lebanese UniversityLebanon
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
For long time the age of Burmese amber was debatable. Recently this material was finally dated as Late Albian-Early Cenomanian. We describe herein three new species of psychodid sandflies (Phlebotomites grimaldii,P. neli, andP. burmaticus) belonging to the extinct genusPhlebotomites, known to date only from the Early Cretaceous amber of Lebanon. These new taxa are characterized, described, illustrated and their taxonomic position is discussed. This discovery is very interesting for the understanding of the evolution of this group, as it allows concluding that this extinct genus of sand flies was widespread and well diversified in the past, and lasted at least for thirty million years.
Collapse
|
22
|
Azevedo CO, Azar D. A new fossil subfamily of Bethylidae (Hymenoptera) from the Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber and its phylogenetic position. Zoologia (Curitiba) 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-46702012000300004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
23
|
Azar D, Nel A. The oldest psyllipsocid booklice, in Lower Cretaceous amber from Lebanon (Psocodea, Trogiomorpha, Psocathropetae, Psyllipsocidae). Zookeys 2012:153-65. [PMID: 22259273 PMCID: PMC3260756 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.130.1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Libanopsyllipsocus alexanderasnitsynigen. et sp. n., of Psyllipsocidae is described and figured from the Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon. The position of the new taxon is discussed and the fossil is compared to other psyllipsocids. The species represents the earliest record of the family Psyllipsocidae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Azar
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences II, Department of Natural Sciences, Fanar, Fanar - Matn - P.O. Box 26110217, Lebanon
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Perrichot V, Ortega-Blanco J, McKellar RC, Delclòs X, Azar D, Nel A, Tafforeau P, Engel MS. New and revised maimetshid wasps from Cretaceous ambers (Hymenoptera, Maimetshidae). Zookeys 2012:421-53. [PMID: 22259291 PMCID: PMC3260773 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.130.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New material of the wasp family Maimetshidae (Apocrita) is presented from four Cretaceous amber deposits – the Neocomian of Lebanon, the Early Albian of Spain, the latest Albian/earliest Cenomanian of France, and the Campanian of Canada. The new record from Canadian Cretaceous amber extends the temporal and paleogeographical range of the family. New material from France is assignable to Guyotemaimetsha enigmatica Perrichot et al. including the first females for the species, while a series of males and females from Spain are described and figured as Iberomaimetsha Ortega-Blanco, Perrichot & Engel, gen. n., with the two new species Iberomaimetsha rasnitsyni Ortega-Blanco, Perrichot & Engel, sp. n. and Iberomaimetsha nihtmara Ortega-Blanco, Delclòs & Engel, sp. n.; a single female from Lebanon is described and figured as Ahiromaimetsha najlae Perrichot, Azar, Nel & Engel, gen. et sp. n., and a single male from Canada is described and figured as Ahstemiam cellula McKellar & Engel, gen. et sp. n. The taxa are compared with other maimetshids, a key to genera and species is given, and brief comments made on the family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Perrichot
- CNRS UMR 6118 Géosciences and Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes, Université Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu bât. 15, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Modern Chironomidae (Nematocera, Culicomorpha) are broadly distributed on all continents. Although almost all recent adults feed on nectar and honeydew, the two living genera Austrochlus and Archaeochlus have well-developed mouthparts. The study of fossil Chironomidae with mandibulate and functional mouthparts is of great interest for the understanding of the history of the evolution of this structure in this group. Hematophagy in insects and its evolution in Chironomidae are discussed, and a hypothesis for the loss of this type of feeding in recent chironomids is given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Azar
- Lebanese UniversityP. O. Box 26110217, Fanar –MatnLebanon
| | - André Nel
- 2CNRS UMR 7205, CP 50, Entomologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fung AT, Azar D, Fraser-Bell S, McCluskey P, Grigg J. Ockham's razor revisited: decreased visual acuity secondary to keratoconus in a patient with intracranial hypertension. Case Reports 2011; 2011:2011/feb17_1/bcr0520103030. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.05.2010.3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
27
|
Rossiter-Thornton L, Azar D, Leong J, Lightman S, Towler HMA, McCluskey P. Graft-free Molteno tube insertion: 10-year outcomes. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 94:665-6. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.160150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
28
|
Wiesbauer F, Blessberger H, Azar D, Goliasch G, Wagner O, Gerhold L, Huber K, Widhalm K, Abdolvahab F, Sodeck G, Maurer G, Schillinger M. Familial-combined hyperlipidaemia in very young myocardial infarction survivors (<=40 years of age). Eur Heart J 2009; 30:1073-9. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
29
|
Wiesbauer F, Baytaroglu C, Azar D, Blessberger H, Goliasch G, Graf S, Mundigler G, Pacher R, Maurer G, Binder T. Echo Doppler parameters predict response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Eur J Clin Invest 2009; 39:1-10. [PMID: 19087125 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2008.02042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to reduce heart failure related morbidity and mortality. However, approximately 30% of patients do not respond to CRT. We investigated the usefulness of Echo Doppler parameters to predict reverse remodelling, functional improvement and mortality following CRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our population consists of 200 consecutive heart failure patients evaluated for ventricular dyssynchrony by echocardiography between February 1999 and May 2007 who subsequently received CRT. Patients were reassessed for signs of reverse remodelling after a mean follow-up of 10 months. Information on vital status was obtained from local registration authorities. RESULTS Three parameters significantly predicted reverse remodelling in the logistic regression analysis: the Q-to-E-wave-delay (QED) at a cutoff of 550 ms (odds ratio 4.5, P-value 0.001), the interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD) at a cutoff of 60 ms (odds ratio 2.4, P-value 0.02), and the aortic electromechanical delay (A-EMD) at a cutoff of 140 ms (odds ratio 2.9, P-value 0.004). Furthermore, the QED and the IVMD also predicted all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.36, P-value 0.02 and 0.21, P-value 0.004, respectively). Adjustment for confounders did not alter the results. CONCLUSIONS The QED and IVMD predict reverse remodelling and survival following CRT. These parameters are easy to obtain, provide valuable prognostic information, and should thus be measured in CRT candidates evaluated by echocardiography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Wiesbauer
- Department of Cardiology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lak M, Azar D, Nel A, Néraudeau D, Tafforeau P. The oldest representative of the Trichomyiinae (Diptera:Psychodidae) from the Lower Cenomanian French amber studied with phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray imaging. INVERTEBR SYST 2008. [DOI: 10.1071/is08008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Trichomyia lengleti, sp. nov., is described from the Lower Cenomanian amber of La Buzinie, Charente (south-west France) from a piece of fully opaque amber. The Upper Albian Trichomyia swinhoei Cockerell, 1917 is transferred from the Trichomyiinae to the Sycoracinae incertae sedis, stat. nov. Trichomyia lengleti, sp. nov. is the oldest representative of the subfamily Trichomyiinae, supporting at least a Cretaceous diversification for the Psychodidae. The discovery of this fossil fly and its study (thanks to propagation-phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray imaging) improves our knowledge of the biodiversity and the historical evolution of psychodoid flies. A checklist of fossil trichomyiine species is given.
Collapse
|
31
|
Buffetaut E, Azar D, Nel A, Ziadé K, Acra A. First nonavian dinosaur from Lebanon: a brachiosaurid sauropod from the Lower Cretaceous of the Jezzine District. Naturwissenschaften 2006; 93:440-3. [PMID: 16670905 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-006-0124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2005] [Accepted: 04/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two sauropod teeth from an Early Cretaceous (Neocomian) fluviodeltaic sandstone near Jezzine (Southern Lebanon) are the first nonavian dinosaur remains to be reported from Lebanon. Their distinctive character places them within Brachiosauridae. The sauropod teeth from Lebanon are a significant addition to the very scanty dinosaur record from the Levant, which hitherto consisted mainly of very poorly preserved and not easily identifiable specimens. The Basal Cretaceous Sandstone of Lebanon, thus, appears to be a potentially important source of fossil vertebrate material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Buffetaut
- CNRS (UMR 5125), 16 cour du Liégat, Paris 75013, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Psychodid sand flies are blood-sucking fly vectors of several parasitic diseases. The oldest definitive record of this group is from the Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon (circa-135 to -125 My), but the high diversity within this group supports the idea that the psychodoids originated much earlier in history. The palaeontology demonstrates that the Lower Creataceous representatives of the different subfamilies of Psychodidae had similar morphology and were blood-feeders, which supports Hennig's hypothesis on the ground plan structure of this family. Historical relationship between sand flies and diseases is unclear up to the present time, but this relationship could be as old as the origin of psychodoids because of the blood-feeding life mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Azar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, B.P. 90356, Jdeibeth-el-Matn, Lebanon.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of transplanting untransformed human corneal endothelial cells as a treatment strategy and possible alternative for penetrating keratoplasty by growing donor cells in culture and then transplanting them to denuded Descemet's membrane of recipient corneas. METHODS Corneas from adult donors (50-80 years old) were obtained from eye banks. To grow corneal endothelial cells, Descemet's membrane with associated cells was dissected from the stroma. Endothelial cells were released by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid treatment, grown in medium containing multiple growth factors, and identified as being of endothelial origin by morphology and by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for keratin 12 and collagen type VIII. In transplantation experiments, cultured cells were seeded onto denuded Descemet's membrane of a second donor cornea at 5 x 10(5) cells/mL. The recipient cornea was incubated in organ culture for as long as 2 weeks. The morphology and ultrastructure of the endothelium were evaluated 7 and 14 days after transplantation by transmission electron microscopy, and by immunolocalization of zonula occludins-1 (ZO-1). Endothelial cell density was calculated in transplants by counting ZO-1-stained cells. RESULTS Corneal endothelial cells cultured from adult donors consistently grew well in culture medium. Cells were identified as corneal endothelium by characteristic morphology and messenger RNA expression. Morphologic and ultrastructural studies of corneas containing transplanted endothelial cells demonstrated that with time there was an increase in endothelial cell-Descemet's membrane adhesion, in the extent of cell-cell contacts and lateral interdigitation, and in formation of a single cell layer. ZO-1 staining revealed tight junction formation similar to that of corneas in vivo. Mean endothelial cell density in transplanted corneas was 1,895 cells/mm(2) (range, 1,503-2,159 cells/mm(2) ). CONCLUSION Untransformed adult human corneal endothelial cells can be efficiently and consistently cultured and transplanted onto denuded Descemet's membrane. Transplanted cells in organ culture exhibit morphologic characteristics and cell densities similar to corneal endothelial cells in vivo. These results provide evidence for the feasibility of developing methods for in vivo transplantation of untransformed corneal endothelial cells cultured from adult donor tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Chen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St., Boston, MA 02114-2500, U.S.A
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy in the diagnosis and management of limbal dermoid. METHOD We used ultrasound biomicroscopy to examine an 18-month-old Asian girl with a congenital limbal mass with corneal extension. A biopsy of the mass was obtained. RESULTS Clinical examination, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of limbal dermoid. CONCLUSION Ultrasound biomicroscopy may serve as a useful diagnostic adjunct for limbal dermoids. Additionally, it may be helpful in delineating the extent of these lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Grant
- Corneal and Refractive Surgery Services, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Affiliation(s)
- E W Harris
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
This paper presents a review of corneal topography, including history, literature, physics and technology, data analysis, and recent advances in the field. Clinical applications are also discussed and include contact lens fitting, diagnosis of keratoconus, and refractive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Azar
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114-3096, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wheatley HM, Traboulsi EI, Flowers BE, Maumenee IH, Azar D, Pyeritz RE, Whittum-Hudson JA. Immunohistochemical localization of fibrillin in human ocular tissues. Relevance to the Marfan syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 1995; 113:103-9. [PMID: 7826283 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1995.01100010105028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand the ocular manifestations of the Marfan syndrome, we investigated the distribution of fibrillin in normal human ocular tissues. Fibrillin, a microfibrillar glycoprotein component of the extracellular matrix, has been found to be the defective gene product in the Marfan syndrome. METHODS Frozen sections from seven pairs of normal eyes were stained with mouse anti-human fibrillin antibodies using the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique. RESULTS In the anterior segment, the following exhibited positive staining for fibrillin: the lens capsule and zonules; connective tissues of the iris, ciliary body, ciliary processes, and conjunctiva; and the basement membrane regions of the corneal epithelium and endothelium of Schlemm's canal. Posteriorly, fibrillin localized to the lamina cribrosa, sclera, choroid, and Bruch's membrane. CONCLUSIONS Fibrillin is widely distributed in ocular connective tissues. The implications of defects in these tissues and the resultant ocular abnormalities in the Marfan syndrome such as ectopia lentis and glaucoma are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H M Wheatley
- Johns Hopkins Center for Hereditary Eye Diseases, Baltimore, Md
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
|
40
|
Abstract
The authors studied the histopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunopathologic characteristics of conjunctiva from patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). A small subset of SJS patients with recurrent conjunctival inflammation unassociated with external factors such as lid margin keratinization, sicca syndrome, trichiasis, or entropion was identified. The ultrastructural and immunopathologic characteristics of the conjunctiva from these patients were distinctly different from those of the conjunctiva from SJS patients without recurrent conjunctivitis, and suggested an active, immunologically mediated inflammation. Vasculitis or perivasculitis, immunoreactant deposition in vessel walls, vascular basement membrane disruption, thickening, and reduplication, and a preponderance of helper T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and Langerhans' cells were the notable distinguishing features in those patients with recurrent conjunctival inflammation. This rare clinical syndrome may represent the ocular counterpart to recurrent dermal or oral mucosal erythema multiforme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C S Foster
- Hilles Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Experiments were conducted in anesthetized open-chest dogs subjected to occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for three hours. The oxygenation of myocardial tissue was monitored by a polarographic technique capable of recording simultaneously the oxygen tension (Po2) of myocardial tissue and electrograms. Ischemic injury was monitored by means of ST-segment elevations on myocardial and epicardial electrograms. The volume of the myocardial infarct was measured at the end of each experiment by incubation of transverse slices of left ventricle in a solution of nitroblue tetrazolium and by separation of the unstained (ischemic) from the stained (normal) portions. In one group of dogs, hemodilution was performed after 15 minutes of ischemia by exchanging blood with a stroma-free hemoglobin solution (from a hematocrit reading of 45 +/- 3 percent to 23 +/- 2 percent). Changes occurring in this group were compared with those occurring in dogs that did not undergo hemodilution, underwent hemodilution with dextran 75, or were transfused with whole blood. Hemodilution with hemoglobin reduced aortic and left ventricular filling pressures while increasing coronary blood flow, increased myocardial Po2 from 2 +/- 2 mm Hg to 8 +/- 2 mm Hg (P less than 0.005), lowered the ST-segment elevation of both myocardial and epicardial electrograms, and reduced the volume of the myocardial infarct. These effects were unmatched by hemodilution with dextran or infusion of whole blood.
Collapse
|
42
|
Azar D, Thomford NR, Pace WG, Sirinek KR. Intra-arterial vasopressin administration complicated by adverse cardiodynamic effects. Rev Surg 1977; 34:140-4. [PMID: 854701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|