1
|
Volkmer A, Cartwright J, Ruggero L, Beales A, Gallée J, Grasso S, Henry M, Jokel R, Kindell J, Khayum R, Pozzebon M, Rochon E, Taylor-Rubin C, Townsend R, Walker F, Beeke S, Hersh D. Principles and philosophies for speech and language therapists working with people with primary progressive aphasia: an international expert consensus. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:1063-1078. [PMID: 35352609 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2051080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a language-led dementia associated with Alzheimer's pathology and fronto-temporal lobar degeneration. Multiple tailored speech and language interventions have been developed for people with PPA. Speech and language therapists/speech-language pathologists (SLT/Ps) report lacking confidence in identifying the most pertinent interventions options relevant to their clients living with PPA during their illness trajectory. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim of this study was to establish a consensus amongst 15 clinical-academic SLT/Ps on best practice in selection and delivery of speech and language therapy interventions for people with PPA. An online nominal group technique (NGT) and consequent focus group session were held. NGT rankings were aggregated and focus groups video recorded, transcribed, and reflexive thematic analysis undertaken. RESULTS The results of the NGT identified 17 items. Two main themes and seven further subthemes were identified in the focus groups. The main themes comprised (1) philosophy of person-centredness and (2) complexity. The seven subthemes were knowing people deeply, preventing disasters, practical issues, professional development, connectedness, barriers and limitations, and peer support and mentoring towards a shared understanding. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the philosophy of expert practice and outlines a set of best practice principles when working with people with PPA.Implications for rehabilitationPrimary progressive aphasia (PPA) describes a group of language led dementias which deteriorate inexorably over time.Providing speech and language therapy for people with PPA is complex and must be person centred and bespoke.This study describes the philosophy of expert practice and outlines a set of best practice principles for speech and language therapists/pathologists working with people with people with PPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Volkmer
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Cartwright
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - L Ruggero
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Beales
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Community Rehabilitation Unit, Hobart, Australia
| | - J Gallée
- Division of Medical Sciences, Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Evergreen Speech and Hearing Clinic, Redmond, WA, USA
| | - S Grasso
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Moody College of Communication, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - M Henry
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Moody College of Communication, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - R Jokel
- Rotman Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Kindell
- Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Ashton-under-Lyne, UK
| | - R Khayum
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- MemoryCare Corporation, Aurora, IL, USA
| | - M Pozzebon
- Speech Pathology Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital - Royal Park Campus, Melbourne, Australia
| | - E Rochon
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehab, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - C Taylor-Rubin
- Speech Pathology Department, War Memorial Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - F Walker
- Speech Pathology Department, Carrington Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Beeke
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - D Hersh
- Speech Pathology, School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Speech Pathology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- School of Allied Health Science and Practice, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodriguez A, DePinto S, Hersh D. Assessing the Acceptability of Non-fat Greek Yogurt as a Fat Replacer to Produce a Low Saturated Fat Cookie. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Hersh D, Heath J, Woodworth G, Tran N, Winkles J. DRES-20. THE TNF RECEPTOR FAMILY MEMBER Fn14 IS HIGHLY EXPRESSED IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM) AND IN GBM PATIENT-DERIVED XENOGRAFTS WITH ACQUIRED TEMOZOLOMIDE RESISTANCE. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy148.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Hersh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Heath
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Graeme Woodworth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nhan Tran
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Jeffrey Winkles
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bickford JM, Coveney J, Baker J, Hersh D. Support following total laryngectomy: Exploring the concept from different perspectives. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2018; 27:e12848. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Bickford
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences; Flinders University South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - J. Coveney
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences; Flinders University South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - J. Baker
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences; Flinders University South Australia; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - D. Hersh
- School of Medical and Health Sciences; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup WA Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Katzenellenbogen JM, Atkins ER, Thompson SC, Hersh D, Coffin J, Flicker L, Hayward C, Ciccone N, Woods D, McAllister M, Armstrong EM. Missing voices: Profile and extent of acquired communication disorders in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal adult stroke survivors in Western Australia using linked administrative records. Int J Stroke 2015; 11:103-16. [DOI: 10.1177/1747493015607521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Limited data exist on the extent of specific functional sequelae, including acquired communication disorder, among Aboriginal stroke survivors, making planning of multidisciplinary services difficult. Aims To obtain estimates of the extent and profile of acquired communication disorder in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal adult stroke survivors in Western Australia and investigate potential disparities in receiving in-hospital speech pathology services among survivors with acquired communication disorder. Methods Stroke cases surviving their first stroke episode during 2002–2011 were identified using Western Australia-wide person-based linked hospital and mortality data, and their five-year comorbidity profiles determined. The mid-year prevalence of stroke cases with acquired communication disorder was estimated for 2011. Regression methods were used to investigate determinants of receiving speech pathology services among acquired communication disorder cases. Results Of 14,757 stroke survivors aged 15–79 years admitted in 2002–2011, 33% had acquired communication disorder (22% aphasia/dysphasia) and 777 (5.3%) were Aboriginal. Aboriginal patients were more likely to be younger, live remotely, and have comorbidities. A diagnosis of aphasia was more common in Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal patients 15–44 years (p = 0.003). A minimum of 107 Aboriginal and 2324 non-Aboriginal stroke patients with acquired communication disorder lived in Western Australia in 2011. Aboriginal status was not associated with receiving in-hospital speech services among acquired communication disorder patients in unadjusted or adjusted models. Conclusions The relative youth, geographical distribution, high comorbidity prevalence, and cultural needs of Aboriginal stroke patients with acquired communication disorder should inform appropriate service design for speech pathology and rehabilitation. Innovative models are required to address workforce issues, given low patient volumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JM Katzenellenbogen
- Western Australian Centre for Rural Health, University of Western Australia, Geraldton, Australia
| | - ER Atkins
- Western Australian Centre for Rural Health, University of Western Australia, Geraldton, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - SC Thompson
- Western Australian Centre for Rural Health, University of Western Australia, Geraldton, Australia
| | - D Hersh
- School of Psychology & Social Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - J Coffin
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Geraldton Regional Aboriginal Medical Service, Geraldton, Australia
| | - L Flicker
- Western Australian Centre for Health & Ageing, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - C Hayward
- Kurongkurl Katitjin, Centre for Indigenous Australian Education and Research, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - N Ciccone
- School of Psychology & Social Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - D Woods
- Geraldton Regional Aboriginal Medical Service, Geraldton, Australia
| | - M McAllister
- School of Psychology & Social Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - EM Armstrong
- School of Psychology & Social Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tsourtos G, Ward PR, Lawn S, Winefield AH, Hersh D, Coveney J. Is resilience relevant to smoking abstinence for Indigenous Australians? Health Promot Int 2014; 30:64-76. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dau087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
7
|
Aarabi B, Akhtar-Danesh N, Hersh D, Le EJ, Massetti JM, Diaz C. 106 Verification of Spinal Cord Decompression by Pre- and Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Traumatic Subaxial Spinal Cord Injuries. Neurosurgery 2014. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000452380.95210.4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
8
|
Wright L, Hill KM, Bernhardt J, Lindley R, Ada L, Bajorek BV, Barber PA, Beer C, Golledge J, Gustafsson L, Hersh D, Kenardy J, Perry L, Middleton S, Brauer SG, Nelson MR. Stroke management: updated recommendations for treatment along the care continuum. Intern Med J 2012; 42:562-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02774.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Hersh D, Little SL, Gleghorn A. Integrating Buprenorphine Treatment into a Public Healthcare System: The San Francisco Department of Public Health's Office-Based Buprenorphine Pilot Program. J Psychoactive Drugs 2011; 43:136-45. [DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2011.587704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
10
|
Sullivan LE, Botsko M, Cunningham CO, O'Connor PG, Hersh D, Mitty J, Lum PJ, Schottenfeld RS, Fiellin DA. The impact of cocaine use on outcomes in HIV-infected patients receiving buprenorphine/naloxone. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011; 56 Suppl 1:S54-61. [PMID: 21317595 PMCID: PMC3065971 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e3182097576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocaine use is common in opioid-dependent HIV-infected patients, but its impact on treatment outcomes in these patients receiving buprenorphine/naloxone is not known. METHODS We conducted a prospective study in 299 patients receiving buprenorphine/naloxone who provided baseline cocaine data and a subset of 266 patients who remained in treatment for greater than or equal to one quarter. Assessments were conducted at baseline and quarterly for 1 year. We evaluated the association between baseline and in-treatment cocaine use on buprenorphine/naloxone retention, illicit opioid use, antiretroviral adherence, CD4 counts, HIV RNA, and risk behaviors. RESULTS Sixty-six percent (197 of 299) of patients reported baseline cocaine use and 65% (173 of 266) of patients with follow-up data reported in-treatment cocaine use. Baseline and in-treatment cocaine use did not impact buprenorphine/naloxone retention, antiretroviral adherence, CD4 lymphocytes, or HIV risk behaviors. However, baseline cocaine use was associated with a 14.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.0-24.2) times greater likelihood of subsequent cocaine use (95% CI, 9.0-24.2), a 1.4 (95% CI, 1.02-2.00) times greater likelihood of subsequent opioid use, and higher log10 HIV RNA (P < 0.016) over time. In-treatment cocaine use was associated with a 1.4 (95% CI, 1.01-2.00) times greater likelihood of concurrent opioid use. CONCLUSIONS Given cocaine use negatively impacts opioid and HIV treatment outcomes, interventions to address cocaine use in HIV-infected patients receiving buprenorphine/naloxone treatment are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn E Sullivan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8093, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Korthuis PT, Tozzi MJ, Nandi V, Fiellin DA, Weiss L, Egan JE, Botsko M, Acosta A, Gourevitch MN, Hersh D, Hsu J, Boverman J, Altice FL. Improved quality of life for opioid-dependent patients receiving buprenorphine treatment in HIV clinics. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011; 56 Suppl 1:S39-45. [PMID: 21317593 PMCID: PMC3073082 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e318209754c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid dependence and HIV infection are associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nx) provided in HIV care settings may improve HRQOL. METHODS We surveyed 289 HIV-infected opioid-dependent persons treated with clinic-based bup/nx about HRQOL using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) administered at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. We used normalized SF-12 scores, which correspond to a mean HRQOL of 50 for the general US population (SD 10, possible range 0-100). We compared mean normalized mental and physical composite and component scores in quarters 1, 2, 3, and 4 with baseline scores using generalized estimating equation models. We assessed the effect of clinic-based bup/nx prescription on HRQOL composite scores using mixed effects regression with site as random effect and time as repeated effect. RESULTS Baseline normalized SF-12 scores were lower than the general US population for all HRQOL domains. Average composite mental HRQOL improved from 38.3 (SE 12.5) to 43.4 (SE 13.2) [β 1.13 (95% CI: 0.72 to 1.54)] and composite physical HRQOL remained unchanged [β 0.21 (95% CI: -0.16 to 0.57)] over 12 months follow-up. Continued bup/nx treatment across all 4 quarters was associated with improvements in both physical [β 2.38 (95% CI: 0.63 to 4.12)] and mental [β 2.51 (95% CI: 0.42 to 4.60)] HRQOL after adjusting for other contributors to HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS Clinic-based bup/nx maintenance therapy is potentially effective in ameliorating some of the adverse effects of opioid dependence on HRQOL for HIV-infected populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Todd Korthuis
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ayyanathan S, Hersh D, Coplan NL, Garratt K. The problem of stent thrombosis associated with drug-eluting stents and the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy. Prev Cardiol 2009; 12:59-64. [PMID: 19476578 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7141.2009.00031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents have significantly reduced the problem of restenosis, but there is an association between drug-eluting stents and stent thrombosis that can be a significant clinical problem resulting in myocardial infarction or death. The risk for stent thrombosis increases in certain clinical situations and has been reduced through the use of dual antiplatelet therapy for prolonged periods. Until new therapies are developed, it is essential that patients who have had drug-eluting stents implanted continue with dual-antiplatelet therapy for at least 1 year and possibly for an indefinite period.
Collapse
|
13
|
Hersh D, Ayyanathan S, Panagopoulos G, Weissman A, Brown S, Levitt H, Toor S, Rybstein M, Patel S, Coplan N. IS THE LIKELIHOOD OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFFECTED BY AN INTERACTION BETWEEN DIABETES MELLITUS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME? Chest 2008. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.134.4_meetingabstracts.p3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
14
|
Lim M, Tatla T, Hersh D, Hungerford J. Patterns of regional head and neck lymph node metastasis in primary conjunctival malignant melanoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2006; 90:1468-71. [PMID: 16928703 PMCID: PMC1857530 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2006.099754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To correlate patterns of regional lymph node metastasis with the site of origin in primary conjunctival malignant melanoma. DESIGN Retrospective analysis (1990-2003) of clinical data. SETTING Two London tertiary referral centres. PARTICIPANTS 12 patients presenting with regional metastases after failed local treatment for conjunctival malignant melanoma. RESULTS 6 cases predominantly involving the temporal conjunctiva metastasised to the pre-auricular lymph nodes. Two cases predominantly involving the nasal conjunctiva metastasised to the submandibular nodes. Of the two cases with purely multifocal disease, one metastasised to the pre-auricular nodes and another to both submandibular and parotid nodes. One primary conjunctival malignant melanoma had its origin in temporal conjunctiva but metastasised to submandibular nodes, and another case originating from nasal conjunctiva metastasised to pre-auricular nodes. CONCLUSIONS Temporal conjunctival melanotic lesions tend to metastasise clinically to pre-auricular lymph nodes and nasal conjunctival melanotic lesions metastasise to the submandibular lymph nodes. Patterns appear consistent with laboratory-based anatomically mapped lymphatic drainage basins of the conjunctiva.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Weissman AJ, Bhatti TK, Hersh D, Panagopoulos G, Jimenez M, Coplan NL. 73 IS METABOLIC SYNDROME AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE?:. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0015.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
16
|
Weissman A, Bhatti T, Hersh D, Panagopoulos G, Jimenez M, Coplan N. Is Metabolic Syndrome An Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease? J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/108155890605402s152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D. Hersh
- Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hersh D, Mandell KB, Remolina AM, Coplan N, Fernando E. BNP is Not a Predictor of Successful Extubation. Chest 2004. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.126.4_meetingabstracts.899s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
18
|
Braunack-Mayer A, Hersh D. An ethical voice in the silence of aphasia: judging understanding and consent in people with aphasia. J Clin Ethics 2002; 12:388-96. [PMID: 12026745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Braunack-Mayer
- Department of Public Health at Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Infection by the gram-negative bacterium Shigella flexneri results in dysentery, an acute inflammatory disease of the colon. Essential events in the pathogenesis of Shigella infections include bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, escape from the phagosome, and induction of apoptosis in macrophages. The Shigella virulence factor invasion plasmid antigen B (IpaB) is required for all of these processes. Induction of apoptosis is dependent on IpaB binding to the cysteine protease caspase-1 (Casp-1). The activation of this enzyme triggers both apoptosis and release of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta. Several IpaB mutants were generated to correlate function with protein subdomains. We determined that the N-terminal portion of IpaB is necessary for stable expression of IpaB. A putative amphipathic alpha-helical domain preserves the structure of IpaB. We found 10 consecutive residues within the amino terminus of the hydrophobic region that play a critical role in invasion, phagosomal escape, and cytotoxicity. An IpaB mutant carrying a mutation in this region binds to Casp-1 yet is not cytotoxic, even following direct delivery to the macrophage cytoplasm. These results indicate that the association between IpaB and Casp-1 is only a step in the activation of macrophage apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Guichon
- The Skirball Institute and Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Despite a considerable literature on assessment and treatment issues in aphasiology, little has been written about how therapy ends. We lack detail about how clinicians decide to terminate treatment and about how patients and carers view leaving therapy. This paper explores experiences and perceptions of aphasia treatment termination. It uses in-depth interview data gathered in South Australia as part of a doctoral study with a speech pathologist, three ex-patients with aphasia and one spouse. This case study allows comparison of client and professional narratives to each other and also to the official discharge documentation in the medical file. The discharge process arising from this analysis is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- Speech Pathology Department, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO 2100, Adelaide 5001 Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Batki SL, Moon J, Delucchi K, Bradley M, Hersh D, Smolar S, Mengis M, Lefkowitz E, Sexe D, Morello L, Everhart T, Jones RT, Jacob P. Methamphetamine quantitative urine concentrations during a controlled trial of fluoxetine treatment. Preliminary analysis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 909:260-3. [PMID: 10911936 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06688.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S L Batki
- State University of New York Upstate Medical University at Syracuse, Department of Psychiatry 13210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Monack DM, Hersh D, Ghori N, Bouley D, Zychlinsky A, Falkow S. Salmonella exploits caspase-1 to colonize Peyer's patches in a murine typhoid model. J Exp Med 2000; 192:249-58. [PMID: 10899911 PMCID: PMC2193260 DOI: 10.1084/jem.192.2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2000] [Accepted: 05/17/2000] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella typhimurium invades host macrophages and induces apoptosis and the release of mature proinflammatory cytokines. SipB, a protein translocated by Salmonella into the cytoplasm of macrophages, is required for activation of Caspase-1 (Casp-1, an interleukin [IL]-1beta-converting enzyme), which is a member of a family of cysteine proteases that induce apoptosis in mammalian cells. Casp-1 is unique among caspases because it also directly cleaves the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and IL-18 to produce bioactive cytokines. We show here that mice lacking Casp-1 (casp-1(-/)- mice) had an oral S. typhimurium 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) that was 1,000-fold higher than that of wild-type mice. Salmonella breached the M cell barrier of casp-1(-/)- mice efficiently; however, there was a decrease in the number of apoptotic cells, intracellular bacteria, and the recruitment of polymorphonuclear lymphocytes in the Peyer's patches (PP) as compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, Salmonella did not disseminate systemically in the majority of casp-1(-/)- mice, as demonstrated by significantly less colonization in the PP, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleens of casp-1(-/)- mice after an oral dose of S. typhimurium that was 100-fold higher than the LD(50). The increased resistance in casp-1(-/)- animals appears specific for Salmonella infection since these mice were susceptible to colonization by another enteric pathogen, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which normally invades the PP. These results show that Casp-1, which is both proapoptotic and proinflammatory, is essential for S. typhimurium to efficiently colonize the cecum and PP and subsequently cause systemic typhoid-like disease in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D M Monack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hersh D, Monack DM, Smith MR, Ghori N, Falkow S, Zychlinsky A. The Salmonella invasin SipB induces macrophage apoptosis by binding to caspase-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:2396-401. [PMID: 10051653 PMCID: PMC26795 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.5.2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, Salmonella spp. were shown to induce apoptosis in infected macrophages. The mechanism responsible for this process is unknown. In this report, we establish that the Inv-Spa type III secretion apparatus target invasin SipB is necessary and sufficient for the induction of apoptosis. Purified SipB microinjected into macrophages led to cell death. Binding studies show that SipB associates with the proapoptotic protease caspase-1. This interaction results in the activation of caspase-1, as seen in its proteolytic maturation and the processing of its substrate interleukin-1beta. Caspase-1 activity is essential for the cytotoxicity. Functional inhibition of caspase-1 activity by acetyl-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-chloromethyl ketone blocks macrophage cytotoxicity, and macrophages lacking caspase-1 are not susceptible to Salmonella-induced apoptosis. Taken together, the data demonstrate that SipB functions as an analog of the Shigella invasin IpaB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- Skirball Institute, Department of Microbiology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
To evaluate the validity of 2 self-report methods for estimating cocaine use, Timeline Follow-Back (TLFB) and weekly calendar reports from 65 patients with a cocaine use disorder were compared with urine drug test results. The TLFB showed fair to moderate validity, and the weekly calendar showed moderate to high validity in measuring the frequency of cocaine use. Similar results were obtained when the self-report measures were used to time specific cocaine use episodes. In addition to evidence for superiority of the weekly calendar, the validity of self-reports was inversely related to the percentage of positive urine test results. Furthermore, there was some evidence that validity increased as the time window over which the comparisons were drawn increased. Given the central role of self-reports in the clinical and research evaluation of drug use, factors affecting their validity warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hilbi H, Moss JE, Hersh D, Chen Y, Arondel J, Banerjee S, Flavell RA, Yuan J, Sansonetti PJ, Zychlinsky A. Shigella-induced apoptosis is dependent on caspase-1 which binds to IpaB. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:32895-900. [PMID: 9830039 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.49.32895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here that the Shigella invasion plasmid antigen (Ipa)B, which is sufficient to induce apoptosis in macrophages, binds to caspase (Casp)-1, but not to Casp-2 or Casp-3. Casp-1 is activated and its specific substrate interleukin-1beta is cleaved shortly after Shigella infection. Macrophages isolated from Casp-1 knock-out mice are not susceptible to Shigella-induced apoptosis, although they respond normally to other apoptotic stimuli. Shigella kills macrophages from casp-3, casp-11, and p53 knock-out mice as well as macrophages overexpressing Bcl-2. We propose that Shigella induces apoptosis by directly activating Casp-1 through IpaB, bypassing signal transduction events and caspases upstream of Casp-1. Taken together these data indicate that Shigella-induced apoptosis is distinct from other forms of apoptosis and seems uniquely dependent on Casp-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Hilbi
- Skirball Institute, Department of Microbiology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Naltrexone (NTX) has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Since alcohol and cocaine use disorders commonly co-occur, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of NTX 50 mg/day in 64 subjects with comorbid alcohol and cocaine use disorders. Although subjects in both groups reduced their consumption of both alcohol and cocaine during the 8-week trial, there was no consistent advantage to NTX over placebo treatment. We conclude that, due to behavioral, neurochemical, or other factors, individuals with both alcohol and cocaine use disorders are distinct from those dependent on alcohol alone, and that NTX at a dosage of 50 mg/day is not efficacious in this patient population. Several factors, including medication dosage, length of treatment, sample size and attrition rate, limit the interpretation of these findings. Consequently, we recommend that subsequent trials of NTX to reduce the risk of relapse in patients with comorbid alcohol and cocaine use disorders take these issues into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, Farmington CT 06030-2103, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that bacteria possess an array of proinflammatory molecules in addition to the extensively studied lipopolysaccharide and superantigens. These bacterial molecules include soluble and membrane-associated inducers of cytokine release, inducers of host cell apoptosis, and immunostimulatory DNA. There is therefore much greater diversity in the class of molecules and mechanisms by which bacteria engage the host immune system than previously appreciated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- Department of Microbiology, The Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
This study examined the effects of naltrexone (50 mg/day) on mood and self-reported desire for alcohol and cocaine in 26 patients with comorbid alcohol and cocaine abuse/dependence. Two laboratory sessions were conducted, separated by 1 week. During the sessions, subjects viewed 5-min films containing either cocaine, alcohol, or neutral cues. The first session occurred prior to random assignment to medication group and the second session was held after 1 week of double-blind treatment with either naltrexone or placebo. The cocaine-related film induced a greater desire to use cocaine than the desire for alcohol that was induced by the alcohol-related film. This finding was observed using both a simple, one-item analog scale administered during the films and more complex craving questionnaires administered immediately after the films. Collectively, the alcohol and cocaine-related films evoked greater levels of self-reported anxiety and elation, and lower levels of concentration, than the neutral film. Naltrexone did not differ from placebo in reducing the desire to use either cocaine or alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Modesto-Lowe
- Alcohol Research Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Simon JP, Ivanov IE, Shopsin B, Hersh D, Adesnik M, Sabatini DD. The in vitro generation of post-Golgi vesicles carrying viral envelope glycoproteins requires an ARF-like GTP-binding protein and a protein kinase C associated with the Golgi apparatus. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:16952-61. [PMID: 8663371 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.28.16952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a system that recreates in vitro the generation of post-Golgi vesicles from an isolated Golgi fraction prepared from vesicular stomatitis virus- or influenza virus-infected Madin-Darby canine kidney or HepG2 cells. In this system, vesicle generation is temperature- and ATP-dependent and requires a supply of cytosolic proteins, including an N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor distinct from NSF. Cytosolic proteins obtained from yeast were as effective as mammalian cytosolic proteins in supporting vesicle formation and had the same requirements. The vesicles produced (50-80 nm in diameter) are depleted of the trans Golgi marker sialyltransferase, contain the viral glycoprotein molecules with their cytoplasmic tails exposed, and do not show an easily recognizable protein coat. Vesicle generation was inhibited by brefeldin A, which indicates that it requires the activation of an Arf-like GTP-binding protein that promotes assembly of a vesicle coat. Vesicles formed in the presence of the nonhydrolyzable GTP analogue guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate retained a nonclathrin protein coat resembling that of COP-coated vesicles, and sedimented more rapidly in a sucrose gradient than the uncoated ones generated in its absence. This indicates that GTP hydrolysis is not required for vesicle generation but that it is for vesicle uncoating. The activity of a Golgi-associated protein kinase C (PKC) was found to be necessary for the release of post-Golgi vesicles, as indicated by the capacity of a variety of inhibitors and antibodies to PKC to suppress it, as well as by the stimulatory effect of the PKC activator 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Simon
- Department of Cell Biology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Subjective and electroencephalographic reactions to cocaine cues were evaluated in 33 cocaine-dependent out-patients and 17 non-cocaine-dependent controls. Subjective, EEG, and autonomic reactions to three 5-min videos (cocaine-associated, erotic, neutral) were evaluated twice with an interpolated 1-week interval. Between evaluations, cocaine-dependent patients received carbamazepine 400 mg daily or matching placebo in double-blind fashion. In all three groups the cocaine-associated and erotic videos produced a comparable increase in the self-rated desire for cocaine and reduction in total EG power. Carbamazepine treatment increased EEG fast alpha power and self-rated fatigue, and decreased self-rated concentration and vigor. However, it had no specific effect on subjective or physiological reactivity to either the cocaine-associated or erotic videos. This negative finding is consistent with recent clinical trials of carbamazepine for cocaine dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Hersh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Cocaine-induced kindling, which has been hypothesized to underlie cocaine-induced craving, is reversed by carbamazepine treatment. Though preliminary studies showed carbamazepine to be useful for relapse prevention in cocaine-dependent subjects, more recent studies have failed to replicate those findings. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of carbamazepine 600 mg/day in 40 cocaine-dependent males. During active treatment there were no significant effects of carbamazepine on cocaine use, alcohol consumption, anxiety or depressive symptoms. At three months post-treatment carbamazepine-treated subjects reported fewer drinking days. We conclude that carbamazepine at this dose level is probably not efficacious for treatment of cocaine dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06030, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Simon JP, Ivanov IE, Ren M, Zeng J, Shopsin B, Hersh D, Tempst P, Erdjument-Bromage H, Lui M, De Lemos-Chiarandini C. Regulation of post-Golgi vesicle production in an in vitro system. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1995; 60:179-95. [PMID: 8824390 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1995.060.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J P Simon
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|