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Hartig F, Abrego N, Bush A, Chase JM, Guillera-Arroita G, Leibold MA, Ovaskainen O, Pellissier L, Pichler M, Poggiato G, Pollock L, Si-Moussi S, Thuiller W, Viana DS, Warton DI, Zurell D, Yu DW. Novel community data in ecology-properties and prospects. Trends Ecol Evol 2024; 39:280-293. [PMID: 37949795 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
New technologies for monitoring biodiversity such as environmental (e)DNA, passive acoustic monitoring, and optical sensors promise to generate automated spatiotemporal community observations at unprecedented scales and resolutions. Here, we introduce 'novel community data' as an umbrella term for these data. We review the emerging field around novel community data, focusing on new ecological questions that could be addressed; the analytical tools available or needed to make best use of these data; and the potential implications of these developments for policy and conservation. We conclude that novel community data offer many opportunities to advance our understanding of fundamental ecological processes, including community assembly, biotic interactions, micro- and macroevolution, and overall ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hartig
- Theoretical Ecology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Nerea Abrego
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (Survontie 9C), FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Alex Bush
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Jonathan M Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Otso Ovaskainen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (Survontie 9C), FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | | | - Giovanni Poggiato
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Pollock
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sara Si-Moussi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Douglas W Yu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology; Yunnan, China; University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
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Gangoso L, Viana DS, Merchán M, Figuerola J. A new trophic specialization buffers a top predator against climate-driven resource instability. Behav Ecol 2024; 35:arae005. [PMID: 38287939 PMCID: PMC10824164 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Intraspecific phenotypic variability is key to respond to environmental changes and anomalies. However, documenting the emergence of behavioral diversification in natural populations has remained elusive due to the difficulty of observing such a phenomenon at the right time and place. Here, we investigated how the emergence of a new trophic strategy in a population subjected to high fluctuations in the availability of its main trophic resource (migrating songbirds) affected the breeding performance, population structure, and population fitness of a specialized color polymorphic predator, the Eleonora's falcon from the Canary Islands. Using long-term data (2007-2022), we found that the exploitation of an alternative prey (a local petrel species) was associated with the growth of a previously residual falcon colony. Pairs in this colony laid earlier and raised more fledglings than in the other established colonies. The specialization on petrels increased over time, independently of annual fluctuations in prey availability. Importantly, however, the positive effect of petrel consumption on productivity was stronger in years with lower food availability. This trophic diversification was further associated with the genetically determined color morph, with dark individuals preying more frequently on petrels than pale ones, which might promote the long-term maintenance of genotypic and phenotypic diversity. We empirically demonstrate how the emergence of an alternative trophic strategy can buffer populations against harsh environmental fluctuations by stabilizing their productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gangoso
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, C/Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Duarte S Viana
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marina Merchán
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/Américo Vespucio 26, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Viana DS, Oficialdegui FJ, Soriano MDC, Hermoso V, Clavero M. Niche dynamics along two centuries of multiple crayfish invasions. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:2138-2150. [PMID: 37731343 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The realised ecological niches of species may change in response to dynamic abiotic and biotic environments, particularly under fast global change. To fully understand the dynamics of niche features and their drivers, it is essential to have a long-term view of species distributions and the factors that may have influenced them. Here, we analysed the distribution and niche dynamics of the Italian crayfish (Austropotamobius fulcisianus) in the Iberian Peninsula over the past 200 years. The Italian crayfish was introduced to Spain in the 16th century, and spread due to multiple stocking events until the 1970s, when two North American crayfish (red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, and signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus) were introduced. Both North American species are carriers of a pathogen (Aphanomyces astaci, the causal agent of crayfish plague) lethal to the Italian crayfish. We hypothesised that the realised niche of the Italian crayfish, both in breadth and in position, has changed over time following changes in its range. The distribution of the Italian crayfish expanded from the mid-19th century until the mid-20th century, in association with an enlargement of its realised niched, mostly towards less abrupt and more coastal-influenced areas. After the introduction of the North American crayfishes, the collapse of the Italian crayfish involved a niche shift towards rough terrains in mountain areas. North American crayfish have eventually occupied most of the Italian crayfish's niche space, with the few no-coexistence areas being relegated to the most abrupt and high-elevation territories. Our historical approach allowed us to document and understand the highly dynamic distribution and niche of the Italian crayfish in the presence of invader counterparts, and to explore the environmental conditions under which their coexistence is minimised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco J Oficialdegui
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | | | - Virgilio Hermoso
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract
Documenting and understanding long-term biodiversity change is limited by the availability of historical data, particularly from periods preceding major anthropogenic changes associated with the Industrial Revolution. We mined the information of a standardized historical survey developed in 628 localities across Spain between 1574 and 1582 (Relaciones Topográficas de Felipe II) with the goal of producing a general characterization of Spanish settlements, including, though not limited to, natural resources. From this survey, we were able to gather 7309 records for 75 wild plant taxa, 89 wild animal taxa, and 60 crop and domestic animal taxa. These data can be used to reconstruct historical land use and habitat cover, and model historical distributions of many species, including emblematic ones such as wolf and bear, which can establish reference distributions to assess range and niche expansion, contraction, and shifts. Data are provided under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 License. Please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications. The authors are open to collaborate in projects based on this dataset.
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Viana DS, Keil P, Jeliazkov A. Disentangling spatial and environmental effects: Flexible methods for community ecology and macroecology. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S. Viana
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Leipzig University Leipzig Germany
| | - Petr Keil
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Praha‐Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Alienor Jeliazkov
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- University of Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, HYCAR Antony France
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Guzman LM, Thompson PL, Viana DS, Vanschoenwinkel B, Horváth Z, Ptacnik R, Jeliazkov A, Gascón S, Lemmens P, Anton‐Pardo M, Langenheder S, De Meester L, Chase JM. Accounting for temporal change in multiple biodiversity patterns improves the inference of metacommunity processes. Ecology 2022; 103:e3683. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Melissa Guzman
- Marine and Environmental Biology Section at the Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California United States of America
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Canada
| | - Patrick L. Thompson
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Canada
| | - Duarte S. Viana
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig
- Leipzig University, Ritterstraße 26 Leipzig Germany
| | - Bram Vanschoenwinkel
- Department of Biology Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Management University of the Free State South Africa
| | - Zsófia Horváth
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- WasserCluster Lunz ‐ Biologische Station, Lunz am See Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research Budapest Hungary
| | - Robert Ptacnik
- WasserCluster Lunz ‐ Biologische Station, Lunz am See Austria
| | - Alienor Jeliazkov
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig
- Department of Computer Sciences Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg
- University of Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, HYCAR Antony France
| | - Stéphanie Gascón
- University of Girona, GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Girona, Spain
| | - Pieter Lemmens
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Maria Anton‐Pardo
- University of Girona, GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Girona, Spain
| | - Silke Langenheder
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Leibniz Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Berlin Germany
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB) Berlin Germany
| | - Jonathan M. Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig
- Department of Computer Sciences Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg
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Nourani E, Bohrer G, Becciu P, Bierregaard RO, Duriez O, Figuerola J, Gangoso L, Giokas S, Higuchi H, Kassara C, Kulikova O, Lecomte N, Monti F, Pokrovsky I, Sforzi A, Therrien JF, Tsiopelas N, Vansteelant WMG, Viana DS, Yamaguchi NM, Wikelski M, Safi K. The interplay of wind and uplift facilitates over-water flight in facultative soaring birds. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211603. [PMID: 34493076 PMCID: PMC8424339 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flying over the open sea is energetically costly for terrestrial birds. Despite this, over-water journeys of many birds, sometimes hundreds of kilometres long, are uncovered by bio-logging technology. To understand how these birds afford their flights over the open sea, we investigated the role of atmospheric conditions, specifically wind and uplift, in subsidizing over-water flight at a global scale. We first established that ΔT, the temperature difference between sea surface and air, is a meaningful proxy for uplift over water. Using this proxy, we showed that the spatio-temporal patterns of sea-crossing in terrestrial migratory birds are associated with favourable uplift conditions. We then analysed route selection over the open sea for five facultative soaring species, representative of all major migratory flyways. The birds maximized wind support when selecting their sea-crossing routes and selected greater uplift when suitable wind support was available. They also preferred routes with low long-term uncertainty in wind conditions. Our findings suggest that, in addition to wind, uplift may play a key role in the energy seascape for bird migration that in turn determines strategies and associated costs for birds crossing ecological barriers such as the open sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Nourani
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gil Bohrer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, USA
| | - Paolo Becciu
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, and Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Israel
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier Duriez
- Centre for Evolutionary and Functional Ecology, Montpellier University-CNRS, France
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spain
| | - Laura Gangoso
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spain
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sinos Giokas
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Hiroyoshi Higuchi
- Research and Education Centre for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Japan
| | | | - Olga Kulikova
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of the Biological Problems of the North, Russia
| | - Nicolas Lecomte
- Canada Research Chair in Polar and Boreal Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Moncton, Canada
| | - Flavio Monti
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Ivan Pokrovsky
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Germany
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of the Biological Problems of the North, Russia
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Wouter M. G. Vansteelant
- Department of Wetland Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spain
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Duarte S. Viana
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Noriyuki M. Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan
- Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Japan
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kamran Safi
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany
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Vansteelant WMG, Gangoso L, Bouten W, Viana DS, Figuerola J. Adaptive drift and barrier-avoidance by a fly-forage migrant along a climate-driven flyway. Mov Ecol 2021; 9:37. [PMID: 34253264 PMCID: PMC8276455 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Route choice and travel performance of fly-forage migrants are partly driven by large-scale habitat availability, but it remains unclear to what extent wind support through large-scale wind regimes moulds their migratory behaviour. We aimed to determine to what extent a trans-equatorial fly-forage migrant engages in adaptive drift through distinct wind regimes and biomes across Africa. The Inter-tropical Front (ITF) marks a strong and seasonally shifting climatic boundary at the thermal equator, and we assessed whether migratory detours were associated with this climatic feature. Furthermore, we sought to disentangle the influence of wind and biome on daily, regional and seasonal travel performance. METHODS We GPS-tracked 19 adult Eleonora's falcons Falco eleonorae from the westernmost population on the Canary Islands across 39 autumn and 36 spring migrations to and from Madagascar. Tracks were annotated with wind data to assess the falcons' orientation behaviour and the wind support they achieved in each season and distinct biomes. We further tested whether falcon routes across the Sahel were correlated with the ITF position, and how realized wind support and biome affect daily travel times, distances and speeds. RESULTS Changes in orientation behaviour across Africa's biomes were associated with changes in prevailing wind fields. Falcons realized higher wind support along their detours than was available along the shortest possible route by drifting through adverse autumn wind fields, but compromised wind support while detouring through supportive spring wind fields. Movements across the Sahel-Sudan zone were strongly associated to the ITF position in autumn, but were more individually variable in spring. Realized wind support was an important driver of daily travel speeds and distances, in conjunction with regional wind-independent variation in daily travel time budgets. CONCLUSIONS Although daily travel time budgets of falcons vary independently from wind, their daily travel performance is strongly affected by orientation-dependent wind support. Falcons thereby tend to drift to minimize or avoid headwinds through opposing wind fields and over ecological barriers, while compensating through weak or supportive wind fields and over hospitable biomes. The ITF may offer a climatic leading line to fly-forage migrants in terms of both flight and foraging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter M G Vansteelant
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC. Cartuja TA-10, Edificio I, Calle Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Gangoso
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC. Cartuja TA-10, Edificio I, Calle Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution. Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Willem Bouten
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Duarte S Viana
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC. Cartuja TA-10, Edificio I, Calle Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Gangoso L, Viana DS, Dokter AM, Shamoun‐Baranes J, Figuerola J, Barbosa SA, Bouten W. Cascading effects of climate variability on the breeding success of an edge population of an apex predator. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:2631-2643. [PMID: 33439490 PMCID: PMC7692887 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale environmental forces can influence biodiversity at different levels of biological organization. Climate, in particular, is often associated with species distributions and diversity gradients. However, its mechanistic link to population dynamics is still poorly understood. Here, we unravelled the full mechanistic path by which a climatic driver, the Atlantic trade winds, determines the viability of a bird population. We monitored the breeding population of Eleonora's falcons in the Canary Islands for over a decade (2007-2017) and integrated different methods and data to reconstruct how the availability of their prey (migratory birds) is regulated by trade winds. We tracked foraging movements of breeding adults using GPS, monitored departure of migratory birds using weather radar and simulated their migration trajectories using an individual-based, spatially explicit model. We demonstrate that regional easterly winds regulate the flux of migratory birds that is available to hunting falcons, determining food availability for their chicks and consequent breeding success. By reconstructing how migratory birds are pushed towards the Canary Islands by trade winds, we explain most of the variation (up to 86%) in annual productivity for over a decade. This study unequivocally illustrates how a climatic driver can influence local-scale demographic processes while providing novel evidence of wind as a major determinant of population fitness in a top predator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gangoso
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Estación Biológica de DoñanaCSICSevillaSpain
| | - Duarte S. Viana
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | | | - Judy Shamoun‐Baranes
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Willem Bouten
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem DynamicsUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Thompson PL, Guzman LM, De Meester L, Horváth Z, Ptacnik R, Vanschoenwinkel B, Viana DS, Chase JM. A process-based metacommunity framework linking local and regional scale community ecology. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:1314-1329. [PMID: 32672410 PMCID: PMC7496463 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The metacommunity concept has the potential to integrate local and regional dynamics within a general community ecology framework. To this end, the concept must move beyond the discrete archetypes that have largely defined it (e.g. neutral vs. species sorting) and better incorporate local scale species interactions and coexistence mechanisms. Here, we present a fundamental reconception of the framework that explicitly links local coexistence theory to the spatial processes inherent to metacommunity theory, allowing for a continuous range of competitive community dynamics. These dynamics emerge from the three underlying processes that shape ecological communities: (1) density-independent responses to abiotic conditions, (2) density-dependent biotic interactions and (3) dispersal. Stochasticity is incorporated in the demographic realisation of each of these processes. We formalise this framework using a simulation model that explores a wide range of competitive metacommunity dynamics by varying the strength of the underlying processes. Using this model and framework, we show how existing theories, including the traditional metacommunity archetypes, are linked by this common set of processes. We then use the model to generate new hypotheses about how the three processes combine to interactively shape diversity, functioning and stability within metacommunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L. Thompson
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Laura Melissa Guzman
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of BiologySimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and ConservationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Leibniz Institut für Gewasserökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB)BerlinGermany
- Institute of BiologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Zsófia Horváth
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and ConservationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- WasserCluster Lunz ‐ Biologische StationLunz am SeeAustria
- Balaton Limnological InstituteCentre for Ecological ResearchTihanyHungary
| | - Robert Ptacnik
- WasserCluster Lunz ‐ Biologische StationLunz am SeeAustria
| | - Bram Vanschoenwinkel
- Department of BiologyVrije Universiteit BrusselBiologyBelgium
- Centre for Environmental ManagementUniversity of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa
| | - Duarte S. Viana
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Leipzig UniversityRitterstraße 26Leipzig04109Germany
| | - Jonathan M. Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Department of Computer SciencesMartin Luther UniversityHalle‐WittenbergLeipzigGermany
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11
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Chase JM, Jeliazkov A, Ladouceur E, Viana DS. Biodiversity conservation through the lens of metacommunity ecology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1469:86-104. [PMID: 32406120 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metacommunity ecology combines local (e.g., environmental filtering and biotic interactions) and regional (e.g., dispersal and heterogeneity) processes to understand patterns of species abundance, occurrence, composition, and diversity across scales of space and time. As such, it has a great potential to generalize and synthesize our understanding of many ecological problems. Here, we give an overview of how a metacommunity perspective can provide useful insights for conservation biology, which aims to understand and mitigate the effects of anthropogenic drivers that decrease population sizes, increase extinction probabilities, and threaten biodiversity. We review four general metacommunity processes-environmental filtering, biotic interactions, dispersal, and ecological drift-and discuss how key anthropogenic drivers (e.g., habitat loss and fragmentation, and nonnative species) can alter these processes. We next describe how the patterns of interest in metacommunities (abundance, occupancy, and diversity) map onto issues at the heart of conservation biology, and describe cases where conservation biology benefits by taking a scale-explicit metacommunity perspective. We conclude with some ways forward for including metacommunity perspectives into ideas of ecosystem functioning and services, as well as approaches to habitat management, preservation, and restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Computer Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Alienor Jeliazkov
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Computer Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Emma Ladouceur
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Computer Sciences, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.,Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Duarte S Viana
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Viana DS, Chase JM. Spatial scale modulates the inference of metacommunity assembly processes. Ecology 2019; 100:e02576. [PMID: 30516271 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The abundance and distribution of species across the landscape depend on the interaction between local, spatial, and stochastic processes. However, empirical syntheses relating these processes to spatiotemporal patterns of structure in metacommunities remain elusive. One important reason for this lack of synthesis is that the relative importance of the core assembly processes (dispersal, selection, and drift) critically depends on the spatial grain and extent over which communities are studied. To illustrate this, we simulated different aspects of community assembly on heterogeneous landscapes, including the strength of response to environmental heterogeneity (inherent to niche theory) vs. dispersal and stochastic drift (inherent to neutral theory). We show that increasing spatial extent leads to increasing importance of niche selection, whereas increasing spatial grain leads to decreasing importance of niche selection. The strength of these scaling effects depended on environment configuration, dispersal capacity, and niche breadth. By mapping the variation observed from the scaling effects in simulations, we could recreate the entire range of variation observed within and among empirical studies. This means that variation in the relative importance of assembly processes among empirical studies is largely scale dependent and cannot be directly compared. The scaling coefficient of the relative contribution of assembly processes, however, can be interpreted as a scale-integrative estimate to compare assembly processes across different regions and ecosystems. This emphasizes the necessity to consider spatial scaling as an explicit component of studies intended to infer the importance of community assembly processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S Viana
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute for Computer Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Ferraguti M, Martínez-de la Puente J, Bensch S, Roiz D, Ruiz S, Viana DS, Soriguer RC, Figuerola J. Ecological determinants of avian malaria infections: An integrative analysis at landscape, mosquito and vertebrate community levels. J Anim Ecol 2018; 87:727-740. [PMID: 29495129 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vector and host communities, as well as habitat characteristics, may have important but different impacts on the prevalence, richness and evenness of vector-borne parasites. We investigated the relative importance of (1) the mosquito community composition, (2) the vertebrate community composition and (3) landscape characteristics on the prevalence, richness and evenness of avian Plasmodium. We hypothesized that parasite prevalence will be more affected by vector-related parameters, while host parameters should be also important to explain Plasmodium richness and evenness. We sampled 2,588 wild house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and 340,829 mosquitoes, and we performed vertebrate censuses at 45 localities in the Southwest of Spain. These localities included urban, rural and natural landscapes that were characterized by several habitat variables. Twelve Plasmodium lineages were identified in house sparrows corresponding to three major clades. Variation partitioning showed that landscape characteristics explained the highest fraction of variation in all response variables (21.0%-44.8%). Plasmodium prevalence was in addition explained by vector-related variables (5.4%) and its interaction with landscape (10.2%). Parasite richness and evenness were mostly explained by vertebrate community-related variables. The structuring role of landscape characteristics in vector and host communities was a key factor in determining parasite prevalence, richness and evenness, although the role of each factor differed according to the parasite parameters studied. These results show that the biotic and abiotic contexts are important to explain the transmission dynamics of mosquito-borne pathogens in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ferraguti
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Josué Martínez-de la Puente
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Roiz
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Santigo Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Diputación de Huelva, Área de Medio Ambiente, Servicio de Control de Mosquitos, Huelva, Spain
| | - Duarte S Viana
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Ramón C Soriguer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Etología y Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Departamento de Ecología de Humedales, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Viana DS, Granados JE, Fandos P, Pérez JM, Cano-Manuel FJ, Burón D, Fandos G, Aguado MÁP, Figuerola J, Soriguer RC. Linking seasonal home range size with habitat selection and movement in a mountain ungulate. Mov Ecol 2018; 6:1. [PMID: 29318021 PMCID: PMC5755340 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-017-0119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Space use by animals is determined by the interplay between movement and the environment, and is thus mediated by habitat selection, biotic interactions and intrinsic factors of moving individuals. These processes ultimately determine home range size, but their relative contributions and dynamic nature remain less explored. We investigated the role of habitat selection, movement unrelated to habitat selection and intrinsic factors related to sex in driving space use and home range size in Iberian ibex, Capra pyrenaica. We used GPS collars to track ibex across the year in two different geographical areas of Sierra Nevada, Spain, and measured habitat variables related to forage and roost availability. RESULTS By using integrated step selection analysis (iSSA), we show that habitat selection was important to explain space use by ibex. As a consequence, movement was constrained by habitat selection, as observed displacement rate was shorter than expected under null selection. Selection-independent movement, selection strength and resource availability were important drivers of seasonal home range size. Both displacement rate and directional persistence had a positive relationship with home range size while accounting for habitat selection, suggesting that individual characteristics and state may also affect home range size. Ibex living at higher altitudes, where resource availability shows stronger altitudinal gradients across the year, had larger home ranges. Home range size was larger in spring and autumn, when ibex ascend and descend back, and smaller in summer and winter, when resources are more stable. Therefore, home range size decreased with resource availability. Finally, males had larger home ranges than females, which might be explained by differences in body size and reproductive behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Movement, selection strength, resource availability and intrinsic factors related to sex determined home range size of Iberian ibex. Our results highlight the need to integrate and account for process dependencies, here the interdependence of movement and habitat selection, to understand how animals use space. This study contributes to understand how movement links environmental and geographical space use and determines home range behaviour in large herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S. Viana
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - José Enrique Granados
- Centro Administrativo Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Carretera Antigua Sierra Nevada km 7, 18071 Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
| | - Paulino Fandos
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Junta de Andalucía. C/ Johann G. Gutenberg 1, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Pérez
- Departamento Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, s.n., 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cano-Manuel
- Centro Administrativo Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Carretera Antigua Sierra Nevada km 7, 18071 Pinos Genil, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Burón
- Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Junta de Andalucía. C/ Johann G. Gutenberg 1, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fandos
- Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ramón C. Soriguer
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract
The persistence of species may depend upon their capacity to keep pace with climate change. However, dispersal has been ignored in the vast majority of studies that aimed at estimating and predicting range shifts as a response to climate change. Long distance dispersal (LDD) in particular might promote rapid range shifts and allow species to track suitable habitat. Many aquatic plant species are dispersed by birds and have the potential to be dispersed over hundreds of kilometers during the bird migration seasons. I argue that such dispersal potential might be critical to allow species to track climate change happening at unprecedented high rates. As a case study, I used dispersal data from three aquatic plant species dispersed by migratory birds to model range shifts in response to climate change projections. By comparing four dispersal scenarios - (1) no dispersal, (2) unlimited dispersal, (3) LDD < 100 km, and (4) LDD mediated by bird migratory movements -, it was shown that, for bird-mediated dispersal, the rate of colonization is sufficient to counterbalance the rate of habitat loss. The estimated rates of colonization (3.2-31.5 km⋅year-1) are higher than, for example, the rate of global warming (previously estimated at 0.42 km⋅year-1). Although further studies are needed, the results suggest that these aquatic plant species can adjust their ranges under a severe climate change scenario. Therefore, investigating the dispersal capacity of species, namely their LDD potential, may contribute to estimate the likelihood of species to keep pace with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S. Viana
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
Long-distance dispersal (LDD) promotes the colonization of isolated and remote habitats, and thus it has been proposed as a mechanism for explaining the distributions of many species. Birds are key LDD vectors for many sessile organisms such as plants, yet LDD beyond local and regional scales has never been directly observed nor quantified. By sampling birds caught while in migratory flight by GPS-tracked wild falcons, we show that migratory birds transport seeds over hundreds of kilometres and mediate dispersal from mainland to oceanic islands. Up to 1.2% of birds that reached a small island of the Canary Archipelago (Alegranza) during their migration from Europe to Sub-Saharan Africa carried seeds in their guts. The billions of birds making seasonal migrations each year may then transport millions of seeds. None of the plant species transported by the birds occurs in Alegranza and most do not occur on nearby Canary Islands, providing a direct example of the importance of environmental filters in hampering successful colonization by immigrant species. The constant propagule pressure generated by these LDD events might, nevertheless, explain the colonization of some islands. Hence, migratory birds can mediate rapid range expansion or shifts of many plant taxa and determine their distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S Viana
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio, s/n, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Laura Gangoso
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio, s/n, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Willem Bouten
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, C/ Américo Vespucio, s/n, Sevilla 41092, Spain
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Viana DS, Cid B, Figuerola J, Santamaría L. Disentangling the roles of diversity resistance and priority effects in community assembly. Oecologia 2016; 182:865-75. [PMID: 27576552 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of many biological communities is constrained by the resistance exerted by resident species to immigration (biotic resistance). Two important mechanisms contribute to the generation of biotic resistance: diversity resistance and priority effects. These mechanisms have been explored through theoretical models and laboratory experiments, but the importance of their interplay in the assembly of natural communities remains untested. We used a mesocosm experiment with communities of aquatic plants and zooplankton assembled from natural propagule banks to test whether and how diversity resistance, mediated by the diversity of the resident community, and priority effects, mediated by the timing of immigrants' arrival, affect the establishment of immigrant species and community diversity. In plant communities, immigration success decreased with increasing resident-species richness (diversity resistance) and arrival time (priority effects). Further, diversity resistance was stronger in communities colonized later in the season, indicating that these mechanisms interacted to reinforce biotic resistance. This interaction ultimately determined species richness and beta-diversity in plant communities. For zooplankton, in contrast, neither the diversity of resident communities nor the time of arrival affected the establishment of immigrant species. In these communities, beta-diversity was explained by species sorting, namely biotic effects mediated by plant assemblages. Our results show that the progressive buildup of communities generates an interaction between diversity resistance and priority effects that eventually determines community diversity, unless species sorting mediated by environmental filtering supersedes the effect of biotic resistance. Therefore, disentangling the mechanisms underlying biotic resistance contributes to understand how species diversity is ultimately determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S Viana
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Bertha Cid
- Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marqués 21, Esporles, 07190, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis Santamaría
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.,Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marqués 21, Esporles, 07190, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
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18
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Abstract
Propagule dispersal beyond local scales has been considered rare and unpredictable. However, for many plants, invertebrates, and microbes dispersed by birds, long-distance dispersal (LDD) might be regularly achieved when mediated by migratory movements. Because LDD operates over spatial extents spanning hundreds to thousands of kilometers, it can promote rapid range shifts and determine species distributions. We review evidence supporting this widespread LDD service and propose a conceptual framework for estimating LDD by migratory birds. Although further research and validation efforts are still needed, we show that current knowledge can be used to make more realistic estimations of LDD mediated by regular bird migrations, thus refining current predictions of its ecological and evolutionary consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S Viana
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Calle Américo Vespucio, Sevilla, s/n, E-41092, Spain.
| | - Luis Santamaría
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Calle Américo Vespucio, Sevilla, s/n, E-41092, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Calle Américo Vespucio, Sevilla, s/n, E-41092, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Sevilla, Spain
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Viana DS, Santamaría L, Figuerola J. Optimal methods for fitting probability distributions to propagule retention time in studies of zoochorous dispersal. BMC Ecol 2016; 16:3. [PMID: 26830496 PMCID: PMC4736643 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-016-0057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propagule retention time is a key factor in determining propagule dispersal distance and the shape of "seed shadows". Propagules dispersed by animal vectors are either ingested and retained in the gut until defecation or attached externally to the body until detachment. Retention time is a continuous variable, but it is commonly measured at discrete time points, according to pre-established sampling time-intervals. Although parametric continuous distributions have been widely fitted to these interval-censored data, the performance of different fitting methods has not been evaluated. To investigate the performance of five different fitting methods, we fitted parametric probability distributions to typical discretized retention-time data with known distribution using as data-points either the lower, mid or upper bounds of sampling intervals, as well as the cumulative distribution of observed values (using either maximum likelihood or non-linear least squares for parameter estimation); then compared the estimated and original distributions to assess the accuracy of each method. We also assessed the robustness of these methods to variations in the sampling procedure (sample size and length of sampling time-intervals). RESULTS Fittings to the cumulative distribution performed better for all types of parametric distributions (lognormal, gamma and Weibull distributions) and were more robust to variations in sample size and sampling time-intervals. These estimated distributions had negligible deviations of up to 0.045 in cumulative probability of retention times (according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic) in relation to original distributions from which propagule retention time was simulated, supporting the overall accuracy of this fitting method. In contrast, fitting the sampling-interval bounds resulted in greater deviations that ranged from 0.058 to 0.273 in cumulative probability of retention times, which may introduce considerable biases in parameter estimates. CONCLUSIONS We recommend the use of cumulative probability to fit parametric probability distributions to propagule retention time, specifically using maximum likelihood for parameter estimation. Furthermore, the experimental design for an optimal characterization of unimodal propagule retention time should contemplate at least 500 recovered propagules and sampling time-intervals not larger than the time peak of propagule retrieval, except in the tail of the distribution where broader sampling time-intervals may also produce accurate fits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S Viana
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain.
| | - Luis Santamaría
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain.
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio, s/n, 41092, Seville, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Seville, Spain.
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Viana DS, Santamaría L, Michot TC, Figuerola J. Allometric Scaling of Long-Distance Seed Dispersal by Migratory Birds. Am Nat 2013; 181:649-62. [DOI: 10.1086/670025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Muñoz J, Ruiz S, Soriguer R, Alcaide M, Viana DS, Roiz D, Vázquez A, Figuerola J. Feeding patterns of potential West Nile virus vectors in south-west Spain. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39549. [PMID: 22745781 PMCID: PMC3382169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mosquito feeding behaviour determines the degree of vector–host contact and may have a serious impact on the risk of West Nile virus (WNV) epidemics. Feeding behaviour also interacts with other biotic and abiotic factors that affect virus amplification and transmission. Methodology/Principal Findings We identified the origin of blood meals in five mosquito species from three different wetlands in SW Spain. All mosquito species analysed fed with different frequencies on birds, mammals and reptiles. Both ‘mosquito species’ and ‘locality’ explained a similar amount of variance in the occurrence of avian blood meals. However, ‘season of year’ was the main factor explaining the presence of human blood meals. The differences in diet resulted in a marked spatial heterogeneity in the estimated WNV transmission risk. Culex perexiguus, Cx. modestus and Cx. pipiens were the main mosquito species involved in WNV enzootic circulation since they feed mainly on birds, were abundant in a number of localities and had high vector competence. Cx. perexiguus may also be important for WNV transmission to horses, as are Cx. pipiens and Cx. theileri in transmission to humans. Estimates of the WNV transmission risk based on mosquito diet, abundance and vector competence matched the results of previous WNV monitoring programs in the area. Our sensitivity analyses suggested that mosquito diet, followed by mosquito abundance and vector competence, are all relevant factors in understanding virus amplification and transmission risk in the studied wild ecosystems. At some of the studied localities, the risk of enzootic circulation of WNV was relatively high, even if the risk of transmission to humans and horses was less. Conclusions/Significance Our results describe for first time the role of five WNV candidate vectors in SW Spain. Interspecific and local differences in mosquito diet composition has an important effect on the potential transmission risk of WNV to birds, horses and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Ruiz
- Servicio de Control de Mosquitos, Diputación de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Alcaide
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - David Roiz
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Vázquez
- CNM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Jordi Figuerola
- Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Viana DS, Gordo I, Sucena É, Moita MAP. Cognitive and motivational requirements for the emergence of cooperation in a rat social game. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8483. [PMID: 20084113 PMCID: PMC2799661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Game theory and the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) game in particular, which captures the paradox of cooperative interactions that lead to benefits but entail costs to the interacting individuals, have constituted a powerful tool in the study of the mechanisms of reciprocity. However, in non-human animals most tests of reciprocity in PD games have resulted in sustained defection strategies. As a consequence, it has been suggested that under such stringent conditions as the PD game humans alone have evolved the necessary cognitive abilities to engage in reciprocity, namely, numerical discrimination, memory and control of temporal discounting. Methodology/Principal Findings We use an iterated PD game to test rats (Rattus norvegicus) for the presence of such cognitive abilities by manipulating the strategy of the opponent, Tit-for-Tat and Pseudo-Random, or the relative size of the temptation to defect. We found that rats shape their behaviour according to the opponent's strategy and the relative outcome resulting from cooperative or defective moves. Finally, we show that the behaviour of rats is contingent upon their motivational state (hungry versus sated). Conclusions/Significance Here we show that rats understand the payoff matrix of the PD game and the strategy of the opponent. Importantly, our findings reveal that rats possess the necessary cognitive capacities for reciprocity-based cooperation to emerge in the context of a prisoner's dilemma. Finally, the validation of the rat as a model to study reciprocity-based cooperation during the PD game opens new avenues of research in experimental neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte S. Viana
- Fundação Champalimaud Neuroscience Program at Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gordo
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Élio Sucena
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marta A. P. Moita
- Fundação Champalimaud Neuroscience Program at Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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