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Carlson ER, Bramlage LR, Stewart AA, Embertson RM, Ruggles AJ, Hopper SA. Complications after two transphyseal bridging techniques for treatment of angular limb deformities of the distal radius in 568 Thoroughbred yearlings. Equine Vet J 2011; 44:416-9. [PMID: 21895754 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Surgical correction of carpal angular limb deformities by growth retardation is commonly undertaken with a screws and tension band wire loop technique (S&W) or a single transphyseal screw (STS). This study compares complications after S&W and STS bridging in the distal radius of Thoroughbred yearlings. OBJECTIVE To compare the prevalence of complications serious enough to require follow-up radiographs following either S&W or STS surgery for growth manipulation in the distal radius of Thoroughbred yearlings. METHODS Medical records and radiographs from Thoroughbred yearlings (age range 261-457 days) treated for carpal angular limb deformities at a single hospital over 2 years were reviewed. Each of the techniques was used exclusively during a single year. The complication threshold criterion for inclusion was the need for nonroutine radiographs of the operated site anytime after implant insertion or removal. RESULTS Of 568 horses, 253 received S&W and 315 received STS. Horses were of similar age at the time of surgery for STS and S&W. Single transphyseal screws were left in place for a significantly shorter amount of time (16 days). Sex, the limb(s) treated and medial vs. lateral placement were not significantly different between techniques. Complications included physitis post implant removal, metaphyseal collapse post implant removal, infection, overcorrection and seroma formation severe enough to require radiography. Physitis and metaphyseal collapse occurred significantly more frequently with STS compared with S&W. Infection, overcorrection and seromas were not significantly different between techniques. CONCLUSION The STS and S&W techniques are both viable treatment options for correction of carpal angular limb deformities. However, horses treated with the STS technique have a significantly increased risk of developing physitis or metaphyseal collapse. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Horses treated with STS bridging have a significantly increased risk of developing the post correction complications of moderate to severe physitis and metaphyseal collapse compared with horses treated with S&W bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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Driemel O, Carlson ER, Müller-Richter U, Moralis A, Lienhard S, Wagener S, Reichert TE. Neu entwickeltes Kiefergelenkkopfimplantat zur temporären Kondylus-Rekonstruktion in der ablativen Tumorchirurgie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 11:193-9. [PMID: 17618470 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-007-0062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on own retrospective studies a condylar head add-on system for immediate, temporary reconstruction in patients undergoing ablative surgery requiring the removal of the manibular condyle has been developed in cooperation with the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University of Tennessee, USA, and the Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO/ASIF). PURPOSE The design of the new condylar head add-on system and its use in an anatomical dissection study on a human cadaver are introduced and discussed. DESIGN AND FIRST EXPERIENCES: The condylar replacement is made of commercial pure titanium and is conceived as an add-on system. It consists of a reconstruction plate (2.4 Uni-LOCK-System) und an adaptable condylar head that can be fitted on either side. The offset of the condylar head in a medial direction allows anatomically correct positioning of the implant. The slanted oval head shall provide a large contact area while maintaining function of the mandibular joint. The height-adjustable positioning of the condylar head add-on with four different fixations plates facilitates an intraoperative vertical correction of the condylar head without necessary bending of a new reconstruction plate. A condylar head add-on used on both sides and combined with the frequently used 2.4 Uni-LOCK-plate benefits from reduced storekeeping and turns out to be advantageous from an economic point of view. PERSPECTIVE An international, prospective multi-center study evaluating the intraoperative applicability of the new condylar head add-on system and its functional as well as aesthetic results during the first two postoperative years has started in September 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Driemel
- Klinikum der Universität Regensburg, Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Carlson ER. Bone grafting the jaws in the 21st century: the use of platelet-rich plasma and bone morphogenetic protein. Alpha Omegan 2000; 93:26-30. [PMID: 11212572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The use of PRP and rhBMP-2 in facial skeletal reconstruction is supported by theoretical and practical human and animal data that represent exciting prospects for the 21st century. Although the use of PRP in conjunction with autogenous grafting of the maxillofacial complex increases the already impressive predictability of this technique, it is possible that improvement of the clinical use of rhBMP-2 may one day obviate the need for a donor site harvest of bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami, School of Medicine, USA
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Marx RE, Carlson ER, Eichstaedt RM, Schimmele SR, Strauss JE, Georgeff KR. Platelet-rich plasma: Growth factor enhancement for bone grafts. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998. [PMID: 9638695 DOI: 10.1016/s1079- 2104(98)90029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous source of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta that is obtained by sequestering and concentrating platelets by gradient density centrifugation. This technique produced a concentration of human platelets of 338% and identified platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta within them. Monoclonal antibody assessment of cancellous cellular marrow grafts demonstrated cells that were capable of responding to the growth factors by bearing cell membrane receptors. The additional amounts of these growth factors obtained by adding platelet-rich plasma to grafts evidenced a radiographic maturation rate 1.62 to 2.16 times that of grafts without platelet-rich plasma. As assessed by histomorphometry, there was also a greater bone density in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was added (74.0% +/- 11%) than in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was not added (55.1% +/- 8%; p = 0.005).
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Marx
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Fla., USA
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Marx RE, Carlson ER, Eichstaedt RM, Schimmele SR, Strauss JE, Georgeff KR. Platelet-rich plasma: Growth factor enhancement for bone grafts. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 85:638-46. [PMID: 9638695 DOI: 10.1016/s1079-2104(98)90029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1635] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma is an autologous source of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta that is obtained by sequestering and concentrating platelets by gradient density centrifugation. This technique produced a concentration of human platelets of 338% and identified platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor beta within them. Monoclonal antibody assessment of cancellous cellular marrow grafts demonstrated cells that were capable of responding to the growth factors by bearing cell membrane receptors. The additional amounts of these growth factors obtained by adding platelet-rich plasma to grafts evidenced a radiographic maturation rate 1.62 to 2.16 times that of grafts without platelet-rich plasma. As assessed by histomorphometry, there was also a greater bone density in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was added (74.0% +/- 11%) than in grafts in which platelet-rich plasma was not added (55.1% +/- 8%; p = 0.005).
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Marx
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Fla., USA
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Fleisher
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital, FL 33146, USA
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Carlson ER, Schimmele SR. The management of minor salivary gland tumors of the oral cavity. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1998; 6:75-98. [PMID: 11905351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Maxillofacial Tumor and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, Petah-Tiqva, Israel
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Carlson ER, Layne JM. The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of soft-tissue oncologic defects. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1997; 5:15-35. [PMID: 11905314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
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Carlson ER. Pathologic facial asymmetries. Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1996; 4:19-35. [PMID: 11873460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
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Dragovic J, Doyle TJ, Tilchen EJ, Nichols RD, Benninger MS, Carlson ER, Boyd SB, Jacobsen GR. Accelerated fractionation radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy in patients with stage IV inoperable head and neck cancer. Cancer 1995; 76:1655-61. [PMID: 8635071 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19951101)76:9<1655::aid-cncr2820760923>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stage IV inoperable head and neck cancer has a 2-year mortality rate of greater than 70% when treated with conventional radiotherapy. A Phase II study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of concomitant chemotherapy and accelerated, interrupted, twice-a-day radiotherapy on tumor response, locoregional control, survival, and morbidity. METHODS Thirty-four patients with Stage IV inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and a minimum follow-up of 36 months were evaluated. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy was administered during weeks 1, 3, and 5 (with planned breaks during weeks 2 and 4), consisting of cisplatin 60 mg/m2 on day 1, continuous 5-day infusion of 5-fluorouracil, 750 mg/m2 per day, and radiotherapy, 2 Gy twice a day, more than 6 hours apart, followed by 3 days of radiation therapy alone (final "boost") in week 6, for a total dose of 70 Gy and treatment duration of 5 1/2 weeks (38 days). RESULTS Twenty-seven patients achieved a clinical complete response (82%). Actuarial locoregional control at 3 years was 73% and the actuarial 3-year survival probability, including all deaths, was 38%. All locoregional recurrences were manifested within 12 months. Of the 20 deaths, 12 were tumor related (locoregional and/or metastatic), 3 were treatment related, and 5 were due to other causes. Acute toxicity consisted of grade 3 mucositis and dysphagia and grade 2-3 leukopenia, not requiring treatment interruption or cessation. CONCLUSION Concomitant accelerated radiation therapy and chemotherapy is a feasible treatment approach in this prognostically poor patient population, yielding dramatic tumor responses and impressive locoregional control at the cost of somewhat increased acute toxicity. Although serious late complications have not been observed, caution should be exercised in view of the relatively short follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dragovic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Carlson ER, Marx RE, Buck BE. The potential for HIV transmission through allogeneic bone. A review of risks and safety. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 80:17-23. [PMID: 7552853 DOI: 10.1016/s1079-2104(95)80010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, oral and maxillofacial surgeons have gained a greater appreciation for the biology of allogeneic bone healing, resulting in a dramatic increase in its indications and use. Unfortunately, this time period has also ushered in near epidemic proportions of HIV-infected persons, some of whom might be considered as potential donors of allogeneic bone. As this article will discuss, surgeons and tissue bank teams alike must be aware of the clinical and serologic criteria associated with an acceptable donor. Only in this way can contamination-free specimens be obtained and surgically implanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Fla., USA
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI
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Marx RE, Carlson ER, Smith BR, Toraya N. Isolation of Actinomyces species and Eikenella corrodens from patients with chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1994; 52:26-33; discussion 33-4. [PMID: 8263639 DOI: 10.1016/0278-2391(94)90008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cultures from 26 patients with chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible were studied. In most cases there was a mutualistic infection involving any one of the known human Actinomyces species together with Eikenella corrodens. In a few cases, Arachnia species were substituted for Actinomyces and gram-negative anaerobes for E corrodens. The specific culture protocol used to identify these organisms from clinical specimens is described. Taxonomic and experimental evidence that supports an infectious etiology are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Marx
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine 33114
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Henry Ford Hospital, Department of Surgery, Detroit, Michigan 48202-2689
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Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons using allogeneic tissues have expressed justifiable concern over the safety of these tissues as they relate to the transmission of infectious disease. This report reviews cases of infectious disease transmission from inadequately screened donors of allogeneic tissues, as well as those related to improper sterilization and cataloging of these tissues. It is concluded that good judgment and attention to good science on the part of the tissue bank as well as the surgeon can maximize the ability to place contamination-free specimens, thereby avoiding complications similar to those described.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Marx
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202-2689
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Zak MJ, McGraw TA, Carlson ER. Split-thickness skin graft harvesting from an intraoral flap: a new technique. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1993; 51:606-8. [PMID: 8478775 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(10)80527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Zak
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit
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Carlson ER. Calcified neck mass. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1992; 73:375. [PMID: 1545972 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90138-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202-2689
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Abstract
Myospherulosis is a complication of wound healing which results from an action between lipids and extravasated erythrocytes. A case of myospherulosis of the mandible is reviewed with its history, histopathology and occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit 48202-2689
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Abstract
Surgeons and the lay public have recently expressed concern over the safety of allogeneic dura as it relates to the transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. Indeed, two cases have resulted from use of tissue procured from a commercial agency that did not adhere to criteria accepted by the American Association of Tissue Banks or the Southeast Organ Procurement Foundation. This review discusses the risks and safety of allogeneic dura. The findings should reassure the surgeon of the safety of allogeneic dura when it is properly processed and catalogued by a bona fide, reputable tissue bank. To date, there have been no documented cases reported to the Center for Disease Control in which Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease was transmitted from allogeneic dura obtained from a registered tissue bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Marx
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33136
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- University of Miami School of Medicine, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center for Maxillofacial Reconstruction
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Carlson ER, Catone GA. Sagittal fracture of the head of the mandibular condyle. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1990; 70:243-4. [PMID: 2290661 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(90)90131-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212
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Marx RE, Carlson ER, Smith BH. Successful treatment of TMJ ankylosis? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990; 48:665-6. [PMID: 2341950 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2391(10)80492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Catone
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
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Abstract
Polycythemia vera is a stem cell disorder that results in an increase in the production of red blood cells. Although numerous mechanisms have been suggested, the cause of the disease is unknown. Diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory presentation. This article reviews the history of polycythemia vera and illustrates a representative case report of the disease process. Postoperative morbidity in the surgical patient is discussed with respect to preoperative therapeutic control. Recommendations are made for preoperative therapy in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa
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Abstract
A retrospective study of 27 cases of untreated orbital blow-out fractures is presented. These patients were managed non-surgically because they presented with minimal ophthalmologic symptoms, or they sustained other injuries that prevented early repair. Twelve patients returned for follow-up examination and eight were contacted by telephone. In evaluating patients for diplopia, enophthalmos, hypesthesia, and restricted ocular movement, 85% showed complete resolution of symptoms. Based on these findings, surgical intervention is recommended only in those patients who demonstrate residual diplopia in primary gaze and restricted ocular motility that persist after 10 to 14 days, the presence of enophthalmos greater than 2 mm, and gross disruption of the orbital floor as confirmed by CT or tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Catone
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212
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Carlson ER, Catone GA. Circulating lupus anticoagulant in a surgical temporomandibular joint patient. Report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1988; 65:404-5. [PMID: 3129685 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(88)90352-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The lupus anticoagulant is a unique inhibitor of hemostasis. Its occurrence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus reportedly varies from 5% to 50%. The inhibitor is endogenously produced and occurs in a diverse number of clinical states. The present case report reviews an inadvertent discovery of circulating lupus anticoagulant in a patient scheduled for surgery of the temporomandibular joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carlson
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa
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Catone GA, Grenadier MR, Carlson ER. Kirschner wire stabilization of infraorbital rim fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1987; 45:987. [PMID: 3478449 DOI: 10.1016/0278-2391(87)90457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G A Catone
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212
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Hay DI, Carlson ER, Schluckebier SK, Moreno EC, Schlesinger DH. Inhibition of calcium phosphate precipitation by human salivary acidic proline-rich proteins: structure-activity relationships. Calcif Tissue Int 1987; 40:126-32. [PMID: 3105842 DOI: 10.1007/bf02555696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Absence of precipitation of calcium phosphate salts onto tooth surfaces from human saliva, which is supersaturated with respect to calcium phosphate salts, has been attributed in part to the presence in the salivary secretions of a group of acidic proline-rich phosphoproteins (PRP). These macromolecules are considered to act by adsorbing onto dental enamel where they inhibit surface-induced precipitation of calcium phosphate salts. The inhibitory activity is known to be associated primarily with the amino-terminal region of the PRP. The aim of this study was to determine the features of the primary structure of this molecular segment responsible for inhibitory activity. The 30-residue, amino-terminal segment of PRP-3, which contains the two phosphoserines and 11 of the 13 carboxyl groups present in PRP-3, was obtained by tryptic digestion. This peptide, designated PRP-3(TI), was treated with thermolysin to give the monophosphopeptides, Val-PSer-Gln-Glu-Asp-Val-Pro and Leu-Val-Ile-Ser-Asp-Gly-Gly-Asp-PSer-Glu-Gln, and with alkaline phosphatase to give the dephosphorylated analog, PRP-3(TI)DP. The inhibitory activities of PRP-3(TI) and the derived peptides, a synthetic peptide, phosphoseryl-phosphoserine (PSer-PSer), and O-phosphoserine (PSer), were determined using an assay based on inhibition of seeded precipitation of calcium phosphate. Inhibitory activities, expressed as concentrations of inhibitors required to give standard inhibitory activities, were PRP-3(TI), 0.59 microM; PSer-PSer, 3.5 microM; the two monophosphopeptides, 29 and 32.5 microM; PRP-3(TI)DP, 56 microM; PSer, 329 microM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Kunzi KF, Carlson ER. Atmospheric CO volume mixing ratio profiles determined from dround-based measurements of theJ= 1 → O andJ= 2 → 1 emission lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1029/jc087ic09p07235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Parrish A, DE Zafra RL, Solomon PM, Barrett JW, Carlson ER. Chlorine Oxide in the Stratospheric Ozone Layer: Ground-Based Detection and Measurement. Science 1981; 211:1158-61. [PMID: 17755154 DOI: 10.1126/science.211.4487.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Stratospheric chlorine oxide, a significant intermediate product in the catalytic destruction of ozone by atomic chlorine, has been detected and measured by a ground-based 204-gigahertz, millimeter-wave receiver. Data taken at latitude 42 degrees N on 17 days between 10 January and 18 February 1980 yield an average chlorine oxide column density of approximately 1.05 x 10(14) per square centimeter or approximately 2/3 that of the average of eight in situ balloon flight measurements (excluding the anomalously high data of 14 July 1977) made over the past 4 years at 32 degrees N. We find less chlorine oxide below 35 kilometers and a larger vertical gradient than predicted by theoretical models of the stratospheric ozone layer.
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