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Coleman E. Education for Health Care Providers on Implementation of Trauma-Informed Care in Practice. J Contin Educ Nurs 2024; 55:246-252. [PMID: 38329396 DOI: 10.3928/00220124-20240201-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic experiences can adversely affect a child's health. These effects often continue into adulthood, especially when trauma is not addressed. Although the evidence shows benefits with addressing trauma earlier in life, trauma-informed care of children is underused in primary care. Health care providers (nurses, nurse practitioners, physicians) report gaps in knowledge of trauma-informed care and in their comfort level addressing trauma in primary care. METHOD This project investigated the use of continuing education sessions to increase health care providers' knowledge and readiness to implement trauma-informed care into their practice. RESULTS The education sessions improved health care providers' knowledge and comfort with trauma-informed care. CONCLUSION This intervention improved providers' readiness to implement trauma-informed care into their primary care practice. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2024;55(5):246-252.].
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Arundel CE, Clark LK, Parker A, Beard D, Coleman E, Cooper C, Devane D, Eldridge S, Galvin S, Gillies K, Hewitt CE, Sutton C, Torgerson DJ, Treweek S. Trial Forge Guidance 4: a guideline for reporting the results of randomised Studies Within A Trial (SWATs). Trials 2024; 25:183. [PMID: 38475795 PMCID: PMC10935912 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence to support decisions on trial processes is minimal. One way to generate this evidence is to use a Study Within A Trial (SWAT) to test trial processes or explore methodological uncertainties. SWAT evidence relies on replication to ensure sufficient power and broad applicability of findings. Prompt reporting is therefore essential; however, SWAT publications are often the first to be abandoned in the face of other time pressures. Reporting guidance for embedded methodology trials does exist but is not widely used. We sought therefore to build on these guidelines to develop a straightforward, concise reporting standard, which remains adherent to the CONSORT guideline. METHODS An iterative process was used to develop the guideline. This included initial meetings with key stakeholders, development of an initial guideline, pilot testing of draft guidelines, further iteration and pilot testing, and finalisation of the guideline. RESULTS We developed a reporting guideline applicable to randomised SWATs, including replications of previous evaluations. The guideline follows the Consolidated Standards for Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement and provides example text to ensure ease and clarity of reporting across all domains. CONCLUSIONS The SWAT reporting guideline will aid authors, reviewers, and journal editors to produce and review clear, structured reports of randomised SWATs, whilst also adhering to the CONSORT guideline. TRIAL REGISTRATION EQUATOR Network - Guidelines Under Development ( https://www.equator-network.org/library/reporting-guidelines-under-development/reporting-guidelines-under-development-for-clinical-trials/#SWAT ). Registered on 25 March 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Arundel
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Lower Ground Floor ARRC Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - L K Clark
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Lower Ground Floor ARRC Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - A Parker
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Lower Ground Floor ARRC Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - D Beard
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - E Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Lower Ground Floor ARRC Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - C Cooper
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - D Devane
- HRB-Trials Methodology Research Network, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Evidence Synthesis Ireland and Cochrane Ireland, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Eldridge
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - S Galvin
- HRB-Trials Methodology Research Network, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - K Gillies
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - C E Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Lower Ground Floor ARRC Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - C Sutton
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - D J Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Lower Ground Floor ARRC Building, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - S Treweek
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Smith TS, Coleman E, Etheridge S, Li P, Jordan J. An Educational Quality Improvement Project to Enhance Culturally Appropriate Care by Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Students Using a Multimodal Approach. J Pediatr Health Care 2024; 38:203-209. [PMID: 38108683 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cultural identity has a profound impact on the health of children. The delivery of culturally appropriate care is key to patient-centered care. To combat health inequities children face, nursing faculty must prepare students to provide culturally appropriate care. METHOD We conducted a quality improvement educational intervention to enhance pediatric nurse practitioner students' educational preparation in providing culturally appropriate care. The setting for this project was a large academic institution. This study aimed to evaluate a multimodal approach to educating nurse practitioner students on culturally appropriate care. A three-phase intervention was used to explore the impact of the multimodal approach. RESULTS Surveys were used to explore the impact of each modality on the student's knowledge and confidence in delivering culturally appropriate care. Results suggest that a multimodal approach is an effective modality. DISCUSSION Experiential learning opportunities are imperative to enhance the delivery of culturally appropriate care.
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Whitehead PJ, Belshaw S, Brady S, Coleman E, Dean A, Doherty L, Fairhurst C, Francis-Farrell S, Golding-Day M, Gray J, Martland M, McAnuff J, McCarthy A, McMeekin P, Mitchell N, Narayanasamy M, Newman C, Parker A, Rapley T, Rodgers S, Rooney L, Russell R, Sheard L, Torgerson D. Bathing Adaptations in the Homes of Older Adults (BATH-OUT-2): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial, economic evaluation and process evaluation. Trials 2024; 25:75. [PMID: 38254164 PMCID: PMC10802044 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The onset of disability in bathing is particularly important for older adults as it can be rapidly followed by disability in other daily activities; this may represent a judicious time point for intervention in order to improve health, well-being and associated quality of life. An important environmental and preventative intervention is housing adaptation, but there are often lengthy waiting times for statutory provision. In this randomised controlled trial (RCT), we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of bathing adaptations compared to no adaptations and to explore the factors associated with routine and expedited implementation of bathing adaptations. METHODS BATH-OUT-2 is a multicentre, two-arm, parallel-group RCT. Adults aged 60 and over who are referred to their local authority for an accessible level access shower will be randomised, using pairwise randomisation, 1:1, to receive either an expedited provision of an accessible shower via the local authority or a usual care control waiting list. Participants will be followed up for a maximum of 12 months and will receive up to four follow-ups in this duration. The primary outcome will be the participant's physical well-being, assessed by the Physical Component Summary score of the Short Form-36 (SF-36), 4 weeks after the intervention group receives the accessible shower. The secondary outcomes include the Mental Component Summary score of the SF-36, self-reported falls, health and social care resource use, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), social care-related quality of life (Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit (ASCOT)), fear of falling (Short Falls Efficacy Scale), independence in bathing (Barthel Index bathing question), independence in daily activities (Barthel Index) and perceived difficulty in bathing (0-100 scale). A mixed-methods process evaluation will comprise interviews with stakeholders and a survey of local authorities with social care responsibilities in England. DISCUSSION The BATH-OUT-2 trial is designed so that the findings will inform future decisions regarding the provision of bathing adaptations for older adults. This trial has the potential to highlight, and then reduce, health inequalities associated with waiting times for bathing adaptations and to influence policies for older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN48563324. Prospectively registered on 09/04/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Whitehead
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Stuart Belshaw
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Samantha Brady
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Alexandra Dean
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Laura Doherty
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Miriam Golding-Day
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joanne Gray
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Jennifer McAnuff
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew McCarthy
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter McMeekin
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Melanie Narayanasamy
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Craig Newman
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adwoa Parker
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Tim Rapley
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sara Rodgers
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Leigh Rooney
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Laura Sheard
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Parker A, Arundel C, Clark L, Coleman E, Doherty L, Hewitt CE, Beard D, Bower P, Cooper C, Culliford L, Devane D, Emsley R, Eldridge S, Galvin S, Gillies K, Montgomery A, Sutton CJ, Treweek S, Torgerson DJ. Undertaking Studies Within A Trial to evaluate recruitment and retention strategies for randomised controlled trials: lessons learnt from the PROMETHEUS research programme. Health Technol Assess 2024; 28:1-114. [PMID: 38327177 PMCID: PMC11017159 DOI: 10.3310/htqw3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Randomised controlled trials ('trials') are susceptible to poor participant recruitment and retention. Studies Within A Trial are the strongest methods for testing the effectiveness of strategies to improve recruitment and retention. However, relatively few of these have been conducted. Objectives PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial aimed to facilitate at least 25 Studies Within A Trial evaluating recruitment or retention strategies. We share our experience of delivering the PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial programme, and the lessons learnt for undertaking randomised Studies Within A Trial. Design A network of 10 Clinical Trials Units and 1 primary care research centre committed to conducting randomised controlled Studies Within A Trial of recruitment and/or retention strategies was established. Promising recruitment and retention strategies were identified from various sources including Cochrane systematic reviews, the Study Within A Trial Repository, and existing prioritisation exercises, which were reviewed by patient and public members to create an initial priority list of seven recruitment and eight retention interventions. Host trial teams could apply for funding and receive support from the PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial team to undertake Studies Within A Trial. We also tested the feasibility of undertaking co-ordinated Studies Within A Trial, across multiple host trials simultaneously. Setting Clinical trials unit-based trials recruiting or following up participants in any setting in the United Kingdom were eligible. Participants Clinical trials unit-based teams undertaking trials in any clinical context in the United Kingdom. Interventions Funding of up to £5000 and support from the PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial team to design, implement and report Studies Within A Trial. Main outcome measures Number of host trials funded. Results Forty-two Studies Within A Trial were funded (31 host trials), across 12 Clinical Trials Units. The mean cost of a Study Within A Trial was £3535. Twelve Studies Within A Trial tested the same strategy across multiple host trials using a co-ordinated Study Within A Trial design, and four used a factorial design. Two recruitment and five retention strategies were evaluated in more than one host trial. PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial will add 18% more Studies Within A Trial to the Cochrane systematic review of recruitment strategies, and 79% more Studies Within A Trial to the Cochrane review of retention strategies. For retention, we found that pre-notifying participants by card, letter or e-mail before sending questionnaires was effective, as was the use of pens, and sending personalised text messages to improve questionnaire response. We highlight key lessons learnt to guide others planning Studies Within A Trial, including involving patient and public involvement partners; prioritising and selecting strategies to evaluate and elements to consider when designing a Study Within A Trial; obtaining governance approvals; implementing Studies Within A Trial, including individual and co-ordinated Studies Within A Trials; and reporting Study Within A Trials. Limitations The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted five Studies Within A Trial, being either delayed (n = 2) or prematurely terminated (n = 3). Conclusions PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial significantly increased the evidence base for recruitment and retention strategies. When provided with both funding and practical support, host trial teams successfully implemented Studies Within A Trial. Future work Future research should identify and target gaps in the evidence base, including widening Study Within A Trial uptake, undertaking more complex Studies Within A Trial and translating Study Within A Trial evidence into practice. Study registration All Studies Within A Trial in the PROMoting THE Use of Studies Within A Trial programme had to be registered with the Northern Ireland Network for Trials Methodology Research Study Within A Trial Repository. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: 13/55/80) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 2. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adwoa Parker
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catherine Arundel
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Laura Clark
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Laura Doherty
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - David Beard
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Bower
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Centre for Primary Care and Health Services Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cindy Cooper
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lucy Culliford
- Bristol Trials Centre, Clinical Trials and Evaluation Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
| | - Declan Devane
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland
- Health Research Board-Trials Methodology Research Network, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - Richard Emsley
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sandra Eldridge
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Sandra Galvin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Republic of Ireland
- Health Research Board-Trials Methodology Research Network, Galway, Republic of Ireland
| | - Katie Gillies
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Foresthill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alan Montgomery
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University Park Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | | | - Shaun Treweek
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Foresthill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - David J Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Knapp P, Martin-Kerry J, Moe-Byrne T, Sheridan R, Coleman E, Roche J, Young B, Higgins S, Preston J, Bower P, Gamble C, Stones C. The effectiveness and acceptability of multimedia information when recruiting children and young people to trials: the TRECA meta-analysis of SWATs. Health Soc Care Deliv Res 2023; 11:1-112. [PMID: 38140894 DOI: 10.3310/htpm3841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background The information provided to potential trial participants plays a crucial role in their decision-making. Printed participant information sheets for trials have received recurrent criticism as being too long and technical, unappealing and hard to navigate. An alternative is to provide information through multimedia (text, animations, video, audio, diagrams and photos). However, there is limited evidence on the effects of multimedia participant information on research recruitment rates, particularly in children and young people. Objectives The study objectives were as follows: 1. to develop template multimedia information resources through participatory design, for use when recruiting children and young people to trials 2. to evaluate the multimedia information resources in a series of Studies Within A Trial, to test their effects on recruitment and retention rates, and participant decision-making, by comparing the provision of multimedia information resources instead of printed participant information sheets, and comparing the provision of multimedia information resources in addition to printed participant information sheets. Design Two-phase study: 1. multimedia information resources development including qualitative study; user testing study; readability metrics; enhanced patient and public involvement 2. multimedia information resources' evaluation comprising Studies Within A Trial undertaken within host trials recruiting children and young people. Setting United Kingdom trials involving patients aged under 18. Participants Development phase: n = 120 (children and young people, parents, clinicians, trial personnel). Evaluation phase: n = 1906 (children and young people being asked to take part in trials). Interventions Multimedia information resources (comprising text, audio, 'talking heads' video, trial-specific and trial-generic animations). Printed participant information sheets. Main outcome measures Primary outcome: trial recruitment rate comparing multimedia information resource-only with printed participant information sheet-only provision. Secondary outcomes: trial recruitment rate comparing combined multimedia information resource and printed participant information sheet with printed participant information sheet-only provision; trial retention rate; quality of participant decision-making. Results for each trial were calculated and combined in a two-stage random-effects meta-analysis. Results Phase 1 generated two multimedia information resource templates: (1) for children aged 6-11 years; (2) for children aged 12-18 years and parents. In the Phase 2 Studies Within A Trial the multimedia information resources improved trial recruitment, when compared to printed information alone [odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05 to 2.28; p = 0.03; I2 = 0%]. When printed participant information sheet-only provision was compared to combined multimedia information resource and printed participant information sheet provision, there was no effect on trial recruitment (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.53 to 1.50; I2 = 0%). There were no differences between multimedia information resource and printed participant information sheet on trial retention or participant decision-making quality. In a study within a hypothetical trial setting, multimedia information resource-only provision produced higher ratings of 'information was easy to understand' (Z = 3.03; p = 0.003) and 'I had confidence in decision-making' (Z = 2.00; p = 0.044) than printed participant information sheet-only provision. Limitations It was not possible to include data from three Studies Within A Trial in the meta-analysis due to limited sample size, and questionnaire return rates were low, which reduced the strength of the findings. Conclusions Use of multimedia information increased the rate of recruitment to trials involving children and young people compared to standard patient information sheets. Future work There should be further evaluation of the effects of multimedia information on recruitment to trials involving children and young people. It would be valuable to assess any impacts of multimedia information resources on communication between trial recruiters, children and young people, and parents. Study registration This trial is registered as TRECA ISRCTN 73136092 and Northern Ireland Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAT Repository (SWAT 97). Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme (NIHR award ref: 14/21/21) and is published in full in Health and Social Care Delivery Research; Vol. 11, No. 24. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Knapp
- Department of Health Sciences and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jacqueline Martin-Kerry
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- School of Allied Health Professions, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jenny Roche
- York Trials Unit, University of York, York, UK
| | - Bridget Young
- Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Jennifer Preston
- NIHR Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Peter Bower
- NIHR School for Primary Care Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Carrol Gamble
- Centre for Medical Statistics and Health Evaluation, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Catherine Stones
- School of Design, Clothworkers' Central, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Knapp P, Moe-Byrne T, Martin-Kerry J, Sheridan R, Roche J, Coleman E, Bower P, Higgins S, Stones C, Graffy J, Preston J, Gamble C, Young B, Perry D, Dahlmann-Noor A, Abbas M, Khandelwal P, Ludden S, Azuara-Blanco A, McConnell E, Mandall N, Lawson A, Rogers CA, Smartt HJM, Heys R, Stones SR, Taylor DH, Ainsworth S, Ainsworth J. Providing multimedia information to children and young people increases recruitment to trials: pre-planned meta-analysis of SWATs. BMC Med 2023; 21:244. [PMID: 37403173 PMCID: PMC10320935 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomised controlled trials are often beset by problems with poor recruitment and retention. Information to support decisions on trial participation is usually provided as printed participant information sheets (PIS), which are often long, technical, and unappealing. Multimedia information (MMI), including animations and videos, may be a valuable alternative or complement to a PIS. The Trials Engagement in Children and Adolescents (TRECA) study compared MMI to PIS to investigate the effects on participant recruitment, retention, and quality of decision-making. METHODS We undertook six SWATs (Study Within A Trial) within a series of host trials recruiting children and young people. Potential participants in the host trials were randomly allocated to receive MMI-only, PIS-only, or combined MMI + PIS. We recorded the rates of recruitment and retention (varying between 6 and 26 weeks post-randomisation) in each host trial. Potential participants approached about each host trial were asked to complete a nine-item Decision-Making Questionnaire (DMQ) to indicate their evaluation of the information and their reasons for participation/non-participation. Odds ratios were calculated and combined in a meta-analysis. RESULTS Data from 3/6 SWATs for which it was possible were combined in a meta-analysis (n = 1758). Potential participants allocated to MMI-only were more likely to be recruited to the host trial than those allocated to PIS-only (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.05, 2.28; p = 0.03). Those allocated to combined MMI + PIS compared to PIS-only were no more likely to be recruited to the host trial (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.53, 1.50; p = 0.67). Providing MMI rather than PIS did not impact on DMQ scores. Once children and young people had been recruited to host trials, their trial retention rates did not differ according to intervention allocation. CONCLUSIONS Providing MMI-only increased the trial recruitment rate compared to PIS-only but did not affect DMQ scores. Combined MMI + PIS instead of PIS had no effect on recruitment or retention. MMIs are a useful tool for trial recruitment in children and young people, and they could reduce trial recruitment periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Knapp
- Department of Health Sciences & the Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK.
| | | | | | | | - Jenny Roche
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Peter Bower
- Centre for Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jenny Preston
- Institute of Child Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Carrol Gamble
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Bridget Young
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel Perry
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Mohamed Abbas
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Lawson
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Stott J, Coleman E, Hamilton A, Blackwell J, Ball HL. Exploring the Longitudinal Relationship Between Short Sleep Duration, Temperament and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in a Biethnic Population of Children Aged Between 6 and 61 Months: A Born in Bradford Study. J Atten Disord 2023:10870547231168433. [PMID: 37154203 DOI: 10.1177/10870547231168433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the association between sleep duration, temperament and symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in a biethnic child-population from The Born in Bradford cohort. METHOD Parent-report sleep duration categorized children as: early short, late short, consistently short or consistently normal sleepers between 6 and 36 months. Temperament was measured using the Infant Characteristics Questionnaire at 6 months. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire assessed symptoms of ADHD at 37, 54, and 61 months. RESULTS Normal sleepers before 18 months had significantly fewer ADHD symptoms at 37 months compared with consistently short sleepers. Fussiness at 6 months was significantly positively associated with ADHD symptoms at 37 and 54 months; but does not appear to mediate the relationship between sleep duration and ADHD symptoms. CONCLUSION Awareness of the relationship between short sleep duration and fussiness in infancy and later ADHD symptomatology may support earlier identification of arising difficulties in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Stott
- Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Hull York Medical School, UK
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Rangan A, Gwilym S, Keding A, Corbacho B, Kottam L, Arundel C, Coleman E, DiMascio L, Hewitt C, Jones V, Kassam J, McDaid C, Mitchell N, Mott A, O'Carroll G, Tharmanathan P, Torgerson D. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty versus non-surgical treatment for older adults with acute 3- or 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (PROFHER-2: PROximal Fracture of Humerus Evaluation by Randomisation - Trial Number 2). Trials 2023; 24:270. [PMID: 37055816 PMCID: PMC10098225 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are common and painful injuries, with the majority resulting from falls from a standing height. As with other fragility fractures, its age-specific incidence is increasing. Surgical treatment with hemiarthroplasty (HA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) have been increasingly used for displaced 3- and 4-part fractures despite a lack of good quality evidence as to whether one type of arthroplasty is superior to the other, and whether surgery is better than non-surgical management. The PROFHER-2 trial has been designed as a pragmatic, multicentre randomised trial to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of RSA vs HA vs Non-Surgical (NS) treatment in patients with 3- and 4-part PHF. METHODS Adults over 65 years of age presenting with acute radiographically confirmed 3- or 4-part fractures, with or without associated glenohumeral joint dislocation, who consent for trial participation will be recruited from around 40 National Health Service (NHS) Hospitals in the UK. Patients with polytrauma, open fractures, presence of axillary nerve palsy, pathological (other than osteoporotic) fractures, and those who are unable to adhere to trial procedures will be excluded. We will aim to recruit 380 participants (152 RSA, 152 HA, 76 NS) using 2:2:1 (HA:RSA:NS) randomisation for 3- or 4-part fractures without joint dislocation, and 1:1 (HA:RSA) randomisation for 3- or 4-part fracture dislocations. The primary outcome is the Oxford Shoulder Score at 24 months. Secondary outcomes include quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), pain, range of shoulder motion, fracture healing and implant position on X-rays, further procedures, and complications. Independent Trial Steering Committee and Data Monitoring Committee will oversee the trial conduct, including the reporting of adverse events and harms. DISCUSSION The PROFHER-2 trial is designed to provide a robust answer to guide the treatment of patients aged 65 years or over who sustain 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures. The pragmatic design and recruitment from around 40 UK NHS hospitals will ensure immediate applicability and generalisability of the trial findings. The full trial results will be made available in a relevant open-access peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN76296703. Prospectively registered on 5th April 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Rangan
- Department of Health Sciences & HYMS, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Stephen Gwilym
- NDORMS, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Ada Keding
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Belen Corbacho
- Astellas Pharma S.A.,Torre Emperador Castellana, Paseo de La Castellana- nº 259, D - Planta 31, Madrid, 28046, Spain
| | - Lucksy Kottam
- South Tees Hospitals NHS Trust, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW, UK
| | - Catherine Arundel
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Livio DiMascio
- Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1FR, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Valerie Jones
- Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, UK
| | - Jamila Kassam
- Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Natasha Mitchell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andrew Mott
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Grace O'Carroll
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Puvan Tharmanathan
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - David Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Coleman E, Rice M, Smith TS. Addressing Anxiety in Primary Care With Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. J Nurse Pract 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2023.104583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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11
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Gout T, Zoltie T, Woodward A, Coleman E, Boele F, Chang B, Bartlett P, Ronaldson S, Kalantzis G, Theaker M, El-Hindy N, Walshaw E, Watson J. A cross-over, randomised feasibility study of digitally printed versus hand-painted artificial eyes in adults: PERSONAL-EYE-S - a study protocol. NIHR Open Res 2023; 2:50. [PMID: 37056714 PMCID: PMC7614426 DOI: 10.3310/nihropenres.13311.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background/objective Around 11,500 artificial eyes are required yearly for new and existing patients. Artificial eyes have been manufactured and hand-painted at the National Artificial Eye Service (NAES) since 1948, in conjunction with approximately 30 local artificial eye services throughout the country. With the current scale of demand, services are under significant pressure. Manufacturing delays as well as necessary repainting to obtain adequate colour matching, may severely impact a patient's rehabilitation pathway to a normal home, social and work life. However, advances in technology mean alternatives are now possible. The aim of this study is to establish the feasibility of conducting a large-scale study of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of digitally printed artificial eyes compared to hand-painted eyes. Methods A cross-over, randomised feasibility study evaluating a digitally-printed artificial eye with a hand-painted eye, in patients aged ≥18 years with a current artificial eye. Participants will be identified in clinic, via ophthalmology clinic databases and two charity websites. Qualitative interviews will be conducted in the later phases of the study and focus on opinions on trial procedures, the different artificial eyes, delivery times, and patient satisfaction. Discussion Findings will inform the feasibility, and design, of a larger fully powered randomised controlled trial. The long-term aim is to create a more life-like artificial eye in order to improve patients' initial rehabilitation pathway, long term quality of life, and service experience. This will allow the transition of research findings into benefit to patients locally in the short term and National Health Service wide in the medium to long term. ISRCTN registration ISRCTN85921622 (prospectively registered on 17/06/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras Gout
- Leeds Artificial Eye Service, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Tim Zoltie
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Amie Woodward
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Florien Boele
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds,, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James’s, St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Bernard Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Paul Bartlett
- Leeds Artificial Eye Service, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Sarah Ronaldson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - George Kalantzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Mike Theaker
- Patient and Public Involvement representative, Leeds, UK
| | - Nabil El-Hindy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Emma Walshaw
- Leeds Artificial Eye Service, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Judith Watson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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12
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Coleman E, Radix AE, Bouman WP, Brown GR, de Vries ALC, Deutsch MB, Ettner R, Fraser L, Goodman M, Green J, Hancock AB, Johnson TW, Karasic DH, Knudson GA, Leibowitz SF, Meyer-Bahlburg HFL, Monstrey SJ, Motmans J, Nahata L, Nieder TO, Reisner SL, Richards C, Schechter LS, Tangpricha V, Tishelman AC, Van Trotsenburg MAA, Winter S, Ducheny K, Adams NJ, Adrián TM, Allen LR, Azul D, Bagga H, Başar K, Bathory DS, Belinky JJ, Berg DR, Berli JU, Bluebond-Langner RO, Bouman MB, Bowers ML, Brassard PJ, Byrne J, Capitán L, Cargill CJ, Carswell JM, Chang SC, Chelvakumar G, Corneil T, Dalke KB, De Cuypere G, de Vries E, Den Heijer M, Devor AH, Dhejne C, D'Marco A, Edmiston EK, Edwards-Leeper L, Ehrbar R, Ehrensaft D, Eisfeld J, Elaut E, Erickson-Schroth L, Feldman JL, Fisher AD, Garcia MM, Gijs L, Green SE, Hall BP, Hardy TLD, Irwig MS, Jacobs LA, Janssen AC, Johnson K, Klink DT, Kreukels BPC, Kuper LE, Kvach EJ, Malouf MA, Massey R, Mazur T, McLachlan C, Morrison SD, Mosser SW, Neira PM, Nygren U, Oates JM, Obedin-Maliver J, Pagkalos G, Patton J, Phanuphak N, Rachlin K, Reed T, Rider GN, Ristori J, Robbins-Cherry S, Roberts SA, Rodriguez-Wallberg KA, Rosenthal SM, Sabir K, Safer JD, Scheim AI, Seal LJ, Sehoole TJ, Spencer K, St Amand C, Steensma TD, Strang JF, Taylor GB, Tilleman K, T'Sjoen GG, Vala LN, Van Mello NM, Veale JF, Vencill JA, Vincent B, Wesp LM, West MA, Arcelus J. Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8. Int J Transgend Health 2022; 23:S1-S259. [PMID: 36238954 PMCID: PMC9553112 DOI: 10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 227.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Transgender healthcare is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field. In the last decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in the number and visibility of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people seeking support and gender-affirming medical treatment in parallel with a significant rise in the scientific literature in this area. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) is an international, multidisciplinary, professional association whose mission is to promote evidence-based care, education, research, public policy, and respect in transgender health. One of the main functions of WPATH is to promote the highest standards of health care for TGD people through the Standards of Care (SOC). The SOC was initially developed in 1979 and the last version (SOC-7) was published in 2012. In view of the increasing scientific evidence, WPATH commissioned a new version of the Standards of Care, the SOC-8. Aim: The overall goal of SOC-8 is to provide health care professionals (HCPs) with clinical guidance to assist TGD people in accessing safe and effective pathways to achieving lasting personal comfort with their gendered selves with the aim of optimizing their overall physical health, psychological well-being, and self-fulfillment. Methods: The SOC-8 is based on the best available science and expert professional consensus in transgender health. International professionals and stakeholders were selected to serve on the SOC-8 committee. Recommendation statements were developed based on data derived from independent systematic literature reviews, where available, background reviews and expert opinions. Grading of recommendations was based on the available evidence supporting interventions, a discussion of risks and harms, as well as the feasibility and acceptability within different contexts and country settings. Results: A total of 18 chapters were developed as part of the SOC-8. They contain recommendations for health care professionals who provide care and treatment for TGD people. Each of the recommendations is followed by explanatory text with relevant references. General areas related to transgender health are covered in the chapters Terminology, Global Applicability, Population Estimates, and Education. The chapters developed for the diverse population of TGD people include Assessment of Adults, Adolescents, Children, Nonbinary, Eunuchs, and Intersex Individuals, and people living in Institutional Environments. Finally, the chapters related to gender-affirming treatment are Hormone Therapy, Surgery and Postoperative Care, Voice and Communication, Primary Care, Reproductive Health, Sexual Health, and Mental Health. Conclusions: The SOC-8 guidelines are intended to be flexible to meet the diverse health care needs of TGD people globally. While adaptable, they offer standards for promoting optimal health care and guidance for the treatment of people experiencing gender incongruence. As in all previous versions of the SOC, the criteria set forth in this document for gender-affirming medical interventions are clinical guidelines; individual health care professionals and programs may modify these in consultation with the TGD person.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Coleman
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A E Radix
- Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - W P Bouman
- Nottingham Centre for Transgender Health, Nottingham, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - G R Brown
- James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
- James H. Quillen VAMC, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - A L C de Vries
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M B Deutsch
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Gender Affirming Health Program, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R Ettner
- New Health Foundation Worldwide, Evanston, IL, USA
- Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L Fraser
- Independent Practice, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Goodman
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Green
- Independent Scholar, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - A B Hancock
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - T W Johnson
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - D H Karasic
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Independent Practice at dankarasic.com
| | - G A Knudson
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S F Leibowitz
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H F L Meyer-Bahlburg
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - J Motmans
- Transgender Infopunt, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Centre for Research on Culture and Gender, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - L Nahata
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Endocrinology and Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T O Nieder
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Interdisciplinary Transgender Health Care Center Hamburg, Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S L Reisner
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Richards
- Regents University London, UK
- Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - V Tangpricha
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - A C Tishelman
- Boston College, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - M A A Van Trotsenburg
- Bureau GenderPRO, Vienna, Austria
- University Hospital Lilienfeld-St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - S Winter
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - K Ducheny
- Howard Brown Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - N J Adams
- University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, Toronto, Canada
- Transgender Professional Association for Transgender Health (TPATH)
| | - T M Adrián
- Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
- Diverlex Diversidad e Igualdad a Través de la Ley, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - L R Allen
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - D Azul
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - H Bagga
- Monash Health Gender Clinic, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Başar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - D S Bathory
- Independent Practice at Bathory International PLLC, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J J Belinky
- Durand Hospital, Guemes Clinic and Urological Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D R Berg
- National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J U Berli
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - R O Bluebond-Langner
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - M-B Bouman
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M L Bowers
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, Burlingame, CA, USA
| | - P J Brassard
- GrS Montreal, Complexe CMC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Byrne
- University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, Hamilton/Kirikiriroa, New Zealand/Aotearoa
| | - L Capitán
- The Facialteam Group, Marbella International Hospital, Marbella, Spain
| | | | - J M Carswell
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S C Chang
- Independent Practice, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - G Chelvakumar
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T Corneil
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K B Dalke
- Penn State Health, PA, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - G De Cuypere
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - E de Vries
- Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Den Heijer
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A H Devor
- University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - C Dhejne
- ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A D'Marco
- UCTRANS-United Caribbean Trans Network, Nassau, The Bahamas
- D M A R C O Organization, Nassau, The Bahamas
| | - E K Edmiston
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Edwards-Leeper
- Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
- Independent Practice, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - R Ehrbar
- Whitman Walker Health, Washington, DC, USA
- Independent Practice, Maryland, USA
| | - D Ehrensaft
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Eisfeld
- Transvisie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Elaut
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Experimental and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - L Erickson-Schroth
- The Jed Foundation, New York, NY, USA
- Hetrick-Martin Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - J L Feldman
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A D Fisher
- Andrology, Women Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M M Garcia
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Departments of Urology and Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - L Gijs
- Institute of Family and Sexuality Studies, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - B P Hall
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Adult Gender Medicine Clinic, Durham, NC, USA
| | - T L D Hardy
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M S Irwig
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - A C Janssen
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Johnson
- RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - D T Klink
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, ZNA Queen Paola Children's Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - B P C Kreukels
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L E Kuper
- Department of Psychiatry, Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - E J Kvach
- Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M A Malouf
- Malouf Counseling and Consulting, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Massey
- WPATH Global Education Institute
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T Mazur
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- John R. Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - C McLachlan
- Professional Association for Transgender Health, South Africa
- Gender DynamiX, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S D Morrison
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S W Mosser
- Gender Confirmation Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Saint Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - P M Neira
- Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Medicine Office of Diversity, Inclusion and Health Equity, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - U Nygren
- Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Speech and Language Pathology, Medical Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J M Oates
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne Voice Analysis Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Obedin-Maliver
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G Pagkalos
- Independent PracticeThessaloniki, Greece
- Military Community Mental Health Center, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J Patton
- Talkspace, New York, NY, USA
- CytiPsychological LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - N Phanuphak
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - K Rachlin
- Independent Practice, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Reed
- Gender Identity Research and Education Society, Leatherhead, UK
| | - G N Rider
- National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Ristori
- Andrology, Women Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - S A Roberts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K A Rodriguez-Wallberg
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S M Rosenthal
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Child and Adolescent Gender Center
| | - K Sabir
- FtM Phoenix Group, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
| | - J D Safer
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - A I Scheim
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - L J Seal
- Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - K Spencer
- National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C St Amand
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T D Steensma
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J F Strang
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - G B Taylor
- Atrium Health Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - K Tilleman
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - G G T'Sjoen
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - L N Vala
- Independent Practice, Campbell, CA, USA
| | - N M Van Mello
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J F Veale
- School of Psychology, University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, Hamilton/Kirikiriroa, New Zealand/Aotearoa
| | - J A Vencill
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B Vincent
- Trans Learning Partnership at https://spectra-london.org.uk/trans-learning-partnership, UK
| | - L M Wesp
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeMilwaukee, WI, USA
- Health Connections Inc., Glendale, WI, USA
| | - M A West
- North Memorial Health Hospital, Robbinsdale, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Arcelus
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Lynch T, Davis SL, Johnson AH, Gray L, Coleman E, Phillips SR, Soistmann HC, Rice M. Definitions, theories, and measurement of stress in children. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 66:202-212. [PMID: 35868219 PMCID: PMC10085063 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Stress in children remains a complex concept to examine due to the inherent subjectivity and lack of specific manifestations, as well as the multiple ways stress can be defined and measured in children. Because stress is multifactorial,is experienced daily by children, and undergirds adolescent health and early mental illness, it is crucial to have a clear understanding of stress and the effects of stress in children from infancy through age twelve years. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA To be included in this review, literature must pertain to and highlight theories, definitions/classifications, and measurements of stress in children from infancy to 12 years of age. SAMPLE The most pertinent articles identified through database searches (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar), gray literature sources (e.g., child health websites), and reference lists of identified articles were included in this narrative overview. RESULTS The results of this review are organized by themes and include: classifications and definitions of stress, stress-related theories, and tools to measure stress in children. CONCLUSIONS Research addressing stressors and stress in children is limited, and there is wide variation in how researchers define and classify stress in children. Existing measures of stress in children younger than 12 address physiological, psychological, and observational components, but may be inconsistent and threaten validity of otherwise well-designed and well-executed studies. IMPLICATIONS Improving the understanding and accurate measurement of stress in children enables researchers and clinicians to curtail undesirable health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Lynch
- University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
| | - Sara L Davis
- University of South Alabama, 5721 USA Drive, N., Mobile, AL 36688, USA.
| | - Ann Hammack Johnson
- Harris College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas Christian University, 2800 S. University Drive, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA.
| | - Laura Gray
- Gordon E. Inman College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Belmont University, 1900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | | | - Heather C Soistmann
- Penn State Health Children's Hospital, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Marti Rice
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Nielsen K, Danielson S, Junior IF, Jennings T, Gleason N, Rahm-Knigge R, Miner M, Coleman E. Associations among boredom proneness, attachment styles, and compulsive sexual behavior. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Littlewood E, Chew-Graham CA, Coleman E, Gascoyne S, Sloan C, Ali S, Badenhorst J, Bailey D, Crosland S, Kitchen CEW, McMillan D, Pearson C, Todd A, Whittlesea C, Bambra C, Hewitt C, Jones C, Keding A, Newbronner E, Paterson A, Rhodes S, Ryde E, Toner P, Watson M, Gilbody S, Ekers D. A psychological intervention by community pharmacies to prevent depression in adults with subthreshold depression and long-term conditions: the CHEMIST pilot RCT. Public Health Res 2022. [DOI: 10.3310/ekze0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Depression is common in people with long-term health conditions, and this combination can lead to worsened health outcomes and increased health-care costs. Subthreshold depression, a risk factor for major depression, is prevalent in this population, but many people remain untreated due to the demand on services. The community pharmacy may be an alternative setting to offer mental health support; however, insufficient evidence exists to support implementation.
Objectives
To conduct a feasibility study and pilot randomised controlled trial of a community pharmacy-delivered psychological intervention aimed at preventing depression in adults with long-term health conditions.
Design
A feasibility study with nested qualitative evaluation and an external pilot, two-arm, 1 : 1 individually randomised controlled trial with nested process and economic evaluations.
Setting
Community pharmacies in the north of England.
Participants
Adults aged ≥ 18 years with subthreshold depression and at least one long-term health condition.
Intervention
A bespoke enhanced support intervention (behavioural activation within a collaborative care framework) involving up to six sessions delivered by trained community pharmacy staff (intervention facilitators) compared with usual care.
Main outcome measures
Recruitment and retention rates, completeness of outcome measures and intervention engagement. The intended primary outcome was depression severity at 4 months, assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Results
In the feasibility study, 24 participants were recruited. Outcome measure completeness was 95–100%. Retention at 4 months was 83%. Seventeen participants (71%) commenced intervention sessions and all completed two or more sessions. Depression symptoms reduced slightly at 4 months. The process evaluation suggested that the intervention was acceptable to participants and intervention facilitators. In the pilot randomised controlled trial, 44 participants (target of 100 participants) were randomised (intervention, n = 24; usual care, n = 20). Outcome measure completeness was 100%. Retention at 4 months was 93%. Eighteen participants (75%) commenced intervention sessions and 16 completed two or more sessions. Depression symptoms reduced slightly at 4 months, with a slightly larger reduction in the usual-care arm, although the small sample size limits any conclusions. The process evaluation reported good acceptability of the intervention and identified barriers associated with study implementation and its impact on core pharmacy functions. The economic analysis revealed some indication of reduced resource use/costs associated with the intervention, but this is limited by the small sample size. Intervention costs were low.
Limitations
The main limitation is the small sample size due to difficulties with recruitment and barriers to implementing the study within existing pharmacy practices.
Conclusions
The community pharmacy represents a new setting to deliver a depression prevention intervention. Recruitment was a challenge and pharmacy staff encountered barriers to effective implementation of the study within busy pharmacy practice. Despite these challenges, good retention rates and intervention engagement were demonstrated, and process evaluation suggested that the intervention was acceptable in this setting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that community pharmacy staff can be trained to deliver a depression prevention intervention.
Future work
Further work is needed to address barriers to recruitment, intervention delivery and implementation of psychological interventions in the community pharmacy setting.
Trial registration
This trial is registered as ISRCTN11290592.
Funding
This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 10, No. 5. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Claire Sloan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jay Badenhorst
- Whitworth Chemists Ltd, Foxhills Industrial Estate, Scunthorpe, UK
| | - Della Bailey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Dean McMillan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Adam Todd
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Cate Whittlesea
- University College London School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Clare Bambra
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Claire Jones
- Public Health Team, Adult & Health Services, Durham County Council, Durham, UK
| | - Ada Keding
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Alastair Paterson
- Pharmacy Department, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Shelley Rhodes
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Eloise Ryde
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Research and Development, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Paul Toner
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Simon Gilbody
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Ekers
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Research and Development, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
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Chew-Graham CA, Kitchen CEW, Gascoyne S, Littlewood E, Coleman E, Bailey D, Crosland S, Pearson C, Ali S, Badenhorst J, Bambra C, Hewitt C, Jones C, Keding A, McMillan D, Sloan C, Todd A, Toner P, Whittlesea C, Watson M, Gilbody S, Ekers D. The feasibility and acceptability of a brief psychological intervention for adults with long-term health conditions and subthreshold depression delivered via community pharmacies: a mixed methods evaluation-the Community Pharmacies Mood Intervention Study (CHEMIST). Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:27. [PMID: 35115052 PMCID: PMC8812235 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-00992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with long-term health conditions (LTCs) are more likely to experience depressive symptoms which can worsen health outcomes and quality of life, and increase healthcare costs. Subthreshold depression may go undetected and/or untreated. The Community Pharmacies Mood Intervention Study (CHEMIST) explored whether community pharmacies represent a suitable setting to offer brief psychological support to people with LTCs and comorbid subthreshold depression. METHODS A feasibility intervention study with a nested mixed methods evaluation was employed. Adults with subthreshold depression and a minimum of one LTC were recruited from community pharmacies/local general practices and offered a brief psychological support intervention ('Enhanced Support Intervention' (ESI)), based on behavioural activation within a Collaborative Care framework. The intervention included up to six sessions supported by pharmacy staff ('ESI facilitators') trained to deliver the ESI within the community pharmacy setting. Recruitment, retention rates and engagement with the ESI were assessed. Semi-structured, one-to-one interviews with pharmacy staff and study participants, and a focus group with pharmacy staff, explored experiences and acceptability of the study and the ESI. Themes were mapped onto constructs of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. RESULTS Recruitment of ESI participants was challenging and slower than anticipated despite the varied methods of recruitment employed; although, this was useful in identifying barriers and enabling factors for participation. Engagament with the ESI was good with n=17 (71%) recruited participants commencing the ESI. The ESI was found to be acceptable to participants and ESI facilitators. Retention rate at 4 months was good n=20 (87.0%). The main barriers to identifying potential participants for pharmacy staff were lack of time, resources and limited experience in research. The ESI training and support manual were acceptable to ESI facilitators. The ESI and supporting patient workbook were acceptable to people with LTCs and subthreshold depression. CONCLUSIONS Community pharmacies were viewed as an acceptable setting in which to deliver preventative brief psychological support to people with LTCs at risk of depression. This feasibility study provided important data to inform the design of a pilot randomised controlled trial in this setting and highlighted important considerations for future pharmacy-based research. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN11290592.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Della Bailey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay Badenhorst
- Whitworth Chemists Ltd, Foxhills Industrial Estate, Scunthorpe, UK
| | - Clare Bambra
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Claire Jones
- Public Health Team, Adult & Health Services, Durham County Council, Durham, UK
| | - Ada Keding
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Dean McMillan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Claire Sloan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Adam Todd
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.,School of Pharmacy, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paul Toner
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Cate Whittlesea
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Simon Gilbody
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Ekers
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Research and Development, Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
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17
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Coleman E, Arundel C, Clark L, Doherty L, Gillies K, Hewitt C, Innes K, Parker A, Torgerson D, Treweek S. Bah humbug! Association between sending Christmas cards to trial participants and trial retention: randomised study within a trial conducted simultaneously across eight host trials. BMJ 2021; 375:e067742. [PMID: 34906985 PMCID: PMC8669570 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-067742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the effectiveness of sending Christmas cards to participants in randomised controlled trials to increase retention rate at follow-ups, and to explore the feasibility of doing a study within a trial (SWAT) across multiple host trials simultaneously. DESIGN Randomised SWAT conducted simultaneously across eight host trials. SETTING Eight randomised controlled trials researching various areas including surgery and smoking cessation. PARTICIPANTS 3223 trial participants who were still due at least one follow-up from their host randomised controlled trial. INTERVENTION Participants were randomised (1:1, separately by each host trial) to either received a Christmas card in mid-December 2019 or to not receive a card. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Proportion of participants completing their next follow-up (retention rate) within their host randomised controlled trial. RESULTS 1469 participants (age 16-94 years; 70% (n=1033) female; 96% (813/847) white ethnicity) across the eight host randomised controlled trials were involved in the analysis (cut short owing to covid-19). No evidence was found of a difference in retention rate between the two arms for any of the host trials when analysed separately or when the results were combined (85.3% (639/749) for cards versus 85.4% (615/720) for no card; odds ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.71 to 1.29; P=0.77). No difference was observed when comparing just participants who were due a follow-up in the 30 days after receiving the card (odds ratio 0.96, 0.42 to 2.21). No evidence of a difference in time to complete the questionnaire was found (hazard ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.13; P=0.80). These results were robust to post hoc sensitivity analyses. The cost of this intervention was £0.76 (€0.91; $1.02) per participant, and it will have a carbon footprint of approximately 140 g CO2 equivalent per card. One benefit of this approach was the need to only submit one ethics application. CONCLUSIONS Sending Christmas cards to participants in randomised controlled trials does not increase retention. Undertaking a SWAT within multiple randomised controlled trials at the same time is, however, possible. This approach should be used more often to build an evidence base to support selection of recruitment and retention strategies. Although no evidence of a boost to retention was found, embedding a SWAT in multiple host trials simultaneously has been shown to be possible. STUDY REGISTRATION SWAT repository https://www.qub.ac.uk/sites/TheNorthernIrelandNetworkforTrialsMethodologyResearch/FileStore/Filetoupload,846275,en.pdf#search=SWAT%2082.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catherine Arundel
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Laura Clark
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Laura Doherty
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Katie Gillies
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Karen Innes
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Adwoa Parker
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Shaun Treweek
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Cook E, Scantlebury A, Booth A, Turner E, Ranganathan A, Khan A, Ahuja S, May P, Rangan A, Roche J, Coleman E, Hilton C, Corbacho B, Hewitt C, Adamson J, Torgerson D, McDaid C. Surgery versus conservative management of stable thoracolumbar fracture: the PRESTO feasibility RCT. Health Technol Assess 2021; 25:1-126. [PMID: 34780323 DOI: 10.3310/hta25620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is informal consensus that simple compression fractures of the body of the thoracolumbar vertebrae between the 10th thoracic vertebra and the second lumbar vertebra without neurological complications can be managed conservatively and that obvious unstable fractures require surgical fixation. However, there is a zone of uncertainty about whether surgical or conservative management is best for stable fractures. OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of a definitive randomised controlled trial comparing surgical fixation with initial conservative management of stable thoracolumbar fractures without spinal cord injury. DESIGN External randomised feasibility study, qualitative study and national survey. SETTING Three NHS hospitals. METHODS A feasibility randomised controlled trial using block randomisation, stratified by centre and type of injury (high- or low-energy trauma) to allocate participants 1 : 1 to surgery or conservative treatment; a costing analysis; a national survey of spine surgeons; and a qualitative study with clinicians, recruiting staff and patients. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged ≥ 16 years with a high- or low-energy fracture of the body of a thoracolumbar vertebra between the 10th thoracic vertebra and the second lumbar vertebra, confirmed by radiography, computerised tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, with at least one of the following: kyphotic angle > 20° on weight-bearing radiographs or > 15° on a supine radiograph or on computerised tomography; reduction in vertebral body height of 25%; a fracture line propagating through the posterior wall of the vertebra; involvement of two contiguous vertebrae; or injury to the posterior longitudinal ligament or annulus in addition to the body fracture. INTERVENTIONS Surgical fixation: open spinal surgery (with or without spinal fusion) or minimally invasive stabilisation surgery. Conservative management: mobilisation with or without a brace. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Recruitment rate (proportion of eligible participants randomised). RESULTS Twelve patients were randomised (surgery, n = 8; conservative, n = 4). The proportion of eligible patients recruited was 0.43 (95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0.63) over a combined total of 30.7 recruitment months. Of 211 patients screened, 28 (13.3%) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Patients in the qualitative study (n = 5) expressed strong preferences for surgical treatment, and identified provision of information about treatment and recovery and when and how they are approached for consent as important. Nineteen surgeons and site staff participated in the qualitative study. Key themes were the lack of clinical consensus regarding the implementation of the eligibility criteria in practice and what constitutes a stable fracture, alongside lack of equipoise regarding treatment. Based on the feasibility study eligibility criteria, 77% (50/65) and 70% (46/66) of surgeons participating in the survey were willing to randomise for high- and low-energy fractures, respectively. LIMITATIONS Owing to the small number of participants, there is substantial uncertainty around the recruitment rate. CONCLUSIONS A definitive trial is unlikely to be feasible currently, mainly because of the small number of patients meeting the eligibility criteria. The recruitment and follow-up rates were slightly lower than anticipated; however, there is room to increase these based on information gathered and the support within the surgical community for a future trial. FUTURE WORK Development of consensus regarding the population of interest for a trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN12094890. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 25, No. 62. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Cook
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Alison Booth
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Emma Turner
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Almas Khan
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Sashin Ahuja
- Cardiff & Vale University Health Board, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter May
- Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Amar Rangan
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jenny Roche
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Belén Corbacho
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Joy Adamson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Clark L, Burke L, Margaret Carr R, Coleman E, Roberts G, Torgerson DJ. A review found small variable blocking schemes may not protect against selection bias in randomized controlled trials. J Clin Epidemiol 2021; 141:90-98. [PMID: 34520850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blocking is associated with prediction of the allocation sequence and subversion. This paper explores if blocking strategies lead to an increase in baseline age heterogeneity (a marker for potential subversion) and, whether the use of blocking is changing over time. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS The British Medical Journal, Journal of the American Medical Association, The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine were hand searched to identify open RCTs published in January between 2001 and 2020. To explore heterogeneity of baseline age meta-analyses were performed on trials implementing blocking, minimization, and simple randomization. RESULTS One hundred seventy-nine open RCTs were identified: nine (5.0%) undertook simple randomization, 104 (58.1%) blocking, 25 (13.9%) minimization, and one (0.6%) both. Baseline age heterogeneity of 24% (P= 0.02) was observed in all trials implementing blocking, 62% (P = 0.001) in trials implementing a fixed block of four, 40% (P = 0.07) implementing variable blocks including a 2 and 0% for both simple randomization and minimization. Small block sizes are implemented in modern trials. CONCLUSION Variable block sizes including two are associated with subversion and should not be implemented. If center only stratification is necessary, it should be used alongside larger blocking schemes. Authors should consider alternative methods to restrict randomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Clark
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Lauren Burke
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Margaret Carr
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Roberts
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David J Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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20
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Coleman E, Whitemore R, Clark L, Daykin K, Clark M. Pre-notification and personalisation of text messages to increase questionnaire completion in a smoking cessation pregnancy RCT: an embedded randomised factorial trial. F1000Res 2021; 10:637. [PMID: 34631028 PMCID: PMC8491148 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51964.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low completion rates of questionnaires in randomised controlled trials can compromise the reliability of the results, so ways to boost questionnaire completion are often implemented. Although there is evidence to suggest that sending a text message to participants increases completion, there is little evidence around the timing or personalisation of these text messages. Methods: A two-by-two factorial SWAT (study within a trial) was embedded within the MiQuit-3 trial, looking at smoking cessation within pregnant smokers. Participants who reached their 36-week gestational follow-up were randomised to receive a personalised or non-personalised text message, either one week or one day prior to their follow-up. Primary outcomes were completion rate of questionnaire via telephone. Secondary outcomes included: completion rate via any method, time to completion, and number of attempts to contact required. Results In total 194 participants were randomised into the SWAT to receive a text message that was personalised early(n=50), personalised late (n=47), non-personalised early(n=50), or non-personalised late(n=47). There was no evidence that timing of the text message (early: one week before; or late: one day before) had an effect on any of the outcomes. There was evidence that a personalised text message would result in fewer completions compared with a non-personalised text message when data was collected only via the telephone(adjusted OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.87, p=0.02). However, these results were not significant when looking at completion via any method (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.30-1.24, p=0.17). There was no evidence to show that personalisation or not was better for any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusion Timing of the text message does not appear to influence the completion of questionnaires. Personalisation of a text message may be detrimental to questionnaire completion, if data is only collected via the telephone - however, more SWATs should be undertaken in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Rachel Whitemore
- Division of Primary Care, Tower Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Laura Clark
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Karen Daykin
- Division of Primary Care, Tower Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Miranda Clark
- Division of Primary Care, Tower Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Coleman E, Whitemore R, Clark L, Daykin K, Clark M. Pre-notification and personalisation of text-messages to retain participants in a smoking cessation pregnancy RCT: an embedded randomised factorial trial. F1000Res 2021; 10:637. [PMID: 34631028 PMCID: PMC8491148 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.51964.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low response rates in randomised controlled trials can compromise the reliability of the results, so ways to boost retention are often implemented. Although there is evidence to suggest that sending a text message to participants increases retention, there is little evidence around the timing or personalisation of these messages. Methods: A two-by-two factorial SWAT (study within a trial) was embedded within the MiQuit-3 trial, looking at smoking cessation within pregnant smokers. Participants who reached their 36-week gestational follow-up were randomised to receive a personalised or non-personalised text message, either one week or one day prior to the telephone follow-up. Primary outcomes were completion rate of questionnaire via telephone. Secondary outcomes included: completion rate via any method, time to completion, and number of reminders required. Results In total 194 participants were randomised into the SWAT; 50 to personalised early text, 47 to personalised late text, 50 to non-personalised early text, and 47 to non-personalised late text. There was no evidence that timing of the text message (early: one week before; or late: one day before) had an effect on any of the outcomes. There was evidence that a personalised text would result in fewer completions via telephone compared with a non-personalised text (adjusted OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.87, p=0.02). However, there was no evidence to show that personalisation or not was better for any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusion Timing of the text message does not appear to influence the retention of participants. Personalisation of a text message may be detrimental to retention; however, more SWATs should be undertaken in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Rachel Whitemore
- Division of Primary Care, Tower Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Laura Clark
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Karen Daykin
- Division of Primary Care, Tower Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Miranda Clark
- Division of Primary Care, Tower Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Watson J, Coleman E, Jackson C, Bell K, Maynard C, Hickson L, Forster A, Fairhurst C, Hewitt C, Gardner R, Iley K, Gailey L, Thyer NJ. Randomised controlled feasibility trial of an active communication education programme plus hearing aid provision versus hearing aid provision alone (ACE To HEAR). BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043364. [PMID: 33827834 PMCID: PMC8031014 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the acceptability and feasibility of delivering the Active Communication Education (ACE) programme to increase quality of life through improving communication and hearing aid use in the UK National Health Service. DESIGN Randomised controlled, open feasibility trial with embedded economic and process evaluations. SETTING Audiology departments in two hospitals in two UK cities. PARTICIPANTS Twelve hearing aid users aged 18 years or over who reported moderate or less than moderate benefit from their new hearing aid. INTERVENTIONS Consenting participants (along with a significant other) were to be randomised by a remote, centralised randomisation service in groups to ACE plus treatment-as-usual (intervention group) or treatment-as-usual only (control group). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes were related to feasibility: recruitment, retention, treatment adherence and acceptability to participants and fidelity of treatment delivery. SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES International Outcomes Inventory for Hearing Aids, Self-Assessment of Communication, EQ-5D-5L and Short-Form 36. Blinding of the participants and facilitator was not possible. RESULTS Twelve hearing aid users and six significant others consented to take part. Eight hearing aid users were randomised: four to the intervention group; and four to treatment-as-usual only. Four significant others participated alongside the randomised participants. Recruitment to the study was very low and centres only screened 466 hearing aid users over the 15-month recruitment period, compared with the approximately 3500 anticipated. Only one ACE group and one control group were formed. ACE could be delivered and appeared acceptable to participants. We were unable to robustly assess attrition and attendance rates due to the low sample size. CONCLUSIONS While ACE appeared acceptable to hearing aid users and feasible to deliver, it was not feasible to identify and recruit participants struggling with their hearing aids at the 3-month posthearing aid fitting point. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN28090877.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Watson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Kerry Bell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Christina Maynard
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Univerity of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Louise Hickson
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anne Forster
- Academic Unit of Elderly Care and Rehabilitation, University of Leeds, Bradford, UK
| | - Caroline Fairhurst
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Rob Gardner
- Audiology Department, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Kate Iley
- Audiology Department, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | | | - Nicholas J Thyer
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, Univerity of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Vanicek N, Coleman E, Watson J, Bell K, McDaid C, Barnett C, Twiste M, Jepson F, Salawu A, Harrison D, Mitchell N. STEPFORWARD study: a randomised controlled feasibility trial of a self-aligning prosthetic ankle-foot for older patients with vascular-related amputations. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045195. [PMID: 33737440 PMCID: PMC7978257 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility of conducting a full-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a self-aligning prosthetic ankle-foot compared with a standard prosthetic ankle-foot. DESIGN Multicentre parallel group feasibility RCT. SETTING Five prosthetics centres in England recruiting from July 2018 to August 2019. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged ≥50 years with a vascular-related or non-traumatic transtibial amputation for 1 year or longer, categorised as having 'limited community mobility' and using a non-self-aligning ankle-foot. INTERVENTION Participants were randomised into one of two groups for 12 weeks: self-aligning prosthetic ankle-foot or existing non-self-aligning prosthetic ankle-foot. OUTCOMES Feasibility measures: recruitment, consent and retention rates; and completeness of questionnaire and clinical assessment datasets across multiple time points. Feasibility of collecting daily activity data with wearable technology and health resource use data with a bespoke questionnaire. RESULTS Fifty-five participants were randomised (61% of the target 90 participants): n=27 self-aligning ankle-foot group, n=28 non-self-aligning ankle-foot group. Fifty-one participants were included in the final analysis (71% of the target number of participants). The consent rate and retention at final follow-up were 86% and 93%, respectively. The average recruitment rate was 1.25 participants/site/month (95% CI 0.39 to 2.1). Completeness of questionnaires ranged from 89%-94%, and clinical assessments were 92%-95%, including the activity monitor data. The average completion rates for the EQ-5D-5L and bespoke resource use questionnaire were 93% and 63%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This feasibility trial recruited and retained participants who were categorised as having 'limited community mobility' following a transtibial amputation. The high retention rate of 93% indicated the trial was acceptable to participants and feasible to deliver as a full-scale RCT. The findings support a future, fully powered evaluation of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a self-aligning prosthetic ankle-foot compared with a standard non-self-aligning version with some adjustments to the trial design and delivery. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN15043643.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Vanicek
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Judith Watson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Kerry Bell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Cleveland Barnett
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Martin Twiste
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Manchester, UK
| | - Fergus Jepson
- Specialist Mobility Rehabilitation Centre, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Abayomi Salawu
- Disability Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | | | - Natasha Mitchell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Hughes E, Mitchell N, Gascoyne S, Moe-Byrne T, Edmondson A, Coleman E, Millett L, Ali S, Cournos F, Dare C, Hewitt C, Johnson S, Kaur HD, McKinnon K, Mercer C, Nolan F, Walker C, Wainberg M, Watson J. The RESPECT study: a feasibility randomised controlled trial of a sexual health promotion intervention for people with serious mental illness in community mental health services in the UK. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1736. [PMID: 33203433 PMCID: PMC7673083 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People with serious mental illness (SMI) have sexual health needs but there is little evidence to inform effective interventions to address them. In fact, there are few studies that have addressed this topic for people with SMI outside USA and Brazil. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish the acceptability and feasibility of a trial of a sexual health promotion intervention for people with SMI in the UK. Method The RESPECT study was a two-armed randomised controlled, open feasibility trial (RCT) comparing Sexual health promotion intervention (3 individual sessions of 1 h) (I) or treatment as usual (TAU) for adults aged 18 or over, with SMI, within community mental health services in four UK cities. The main outcome of interest was the percentage who consented to participate, and retained in each arm of the trial, retention for the intervention, and completeness of data collection. A nested qualitative study obtained the views of participants regarding the acceptability of the study using individual telephone interviews conducted by lived experience researchers. Results Of a target sample of 100, a total of 72 people were enrolled in the trial over 12 months. Recruitment in the initial months was low and so an extension was granted. However this extension meant that the later recruited participants would only be followed up to the 3 month point. There was good retention in the intervention and the study as a whole; 77.8% of those allocated to intervention (n = 28) received it. At three months, 81.9% (30 I; 29 TAU) and at 6 months, 76.3% (13 I and 16 TAU) completed the follow-up data collection. No adverse events were reported. There was good completeness of the data. The sexual health outcomes for the intervention group changed in favour of the intervention. Based on analysis of the qualitative interviews, the methods of recruitment, the quality of the participant information, the data collection, and the intervention were deemed to be acceptable to the participants (n = 22). Conclusions The target of 100 participants was not achieved within the study’s timescale. However, effective strategies were identified that improved recruitment in the final few months. Retention rates and completeness of data in both groups indicate that it is acceptable and feasible to undertake a study promoting sexual health for people with SMI. A fully powered RCT is required to establish effectiveness of the intervention in adoption of safer sex. Study registration ISRCTN RegistryISRCTN15747739 prospectively registered 5th July 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hughes
- School of Healthcare, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, England.
| | - Natasha Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, England
| | | | | | - Amanda Edmondson
- Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, England
| | | | - Lottie Millett
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, England
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, England
| | - Francine Cournos
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, USA
| | | | - Catherine Hewitt
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, England
| | - Sonia Johnson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, England.,, Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, England
| | | | - Karen McKinnon
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Mercer
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, England
| | - Fiona Nolan
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, England
| | | | - Milton Wainberg
- New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Judith Watson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, England
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Hughes E, Mitchell N, Gascoyne S, Moe-Byrne T, Edmondson A, Coleman E, Millett L, Ali S, Dare C, Hewitt C, Johnson S, Llewellyn C, Mercer C, Nolan F, Walker C, Watson J. Sexual health promotion in people with severe mental illness: the RESPECT feasibility RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020; 23:1-136. [PMID: 31854292 DOI: 10.3310/hta23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with serious mental illness have sexual health needs, but there is limited evidence regarding effective interventions to promote their sexual health. OBJECTIVES To develop a sexual health promotion intervention for people with serious mental illness, and to conduct a feasibility trial in order to establish the acceptability and parameters for a fully powered trial. DESIGN A two-armed randomised controlled, open feasibility study comparing usual care alone with usual care plus the adjunctive intervention. SETTING Five community mental health providers in Leeds, Barnsley, Brighton and London. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged ≥ 18 years with serious mental illness and receiving care from community mental health teams. INTERVENTIONS A remote, web-based computer randomisation system allocated participants to usual care plus the RESPECT (Randomised Evaluation of Sexual health Promotion Effectiveness informing Care and Treatment) intervention (three sessions of 1 hour) (intervention arm) or usual care only (control arm). The intervention was an interactive manualised package of exercises, quizzes and discussion topics focusing on knowledge, motivation and behavioural intentions to adopt safer sexual behaviours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility parameters including establishing the percentage of people who were eligible, consented and were retained in each arm of the trial, retention for the intervention, as well as the completeness of the data collection. Data were collected on knowledge, motivation to adopt safer sexual behaviour, sexual behaviour, sexual stigma, sexual health service use and quality of life. Data were collected at baseline and then at 3 months and 6 months post randomisation. RESULTS Of a target of 100 participants, 72 people participated in the trial over 12 months. Of the 36 participants randomised to the intervention arm, 27 received some of the intervention (75.0%). At 3 months, 59 of the 72 participants completed follow-up questionnaires (81.9%) (30 participants from the intervention arm and 29 participants from the control arm). Only the first 38 participants were followed up at 6 months. However, data were collected on 29 out of 38 participants (76.3% retention): 13 in the intervention arm and 16 in the control arm. No adverse events were reported. Participant feedback confirmed that both the design and the intervention were acceptable. The economic analysis indicated high completion rates and completeness of data among participants who continued the trial. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limitations, the findings suggest that it is both acceptable and feasible to undertake a sexual health promotion study for people with serious mental illness. FUTURE WORK A fully powered randomised controlled trial would be required to establish the clinical effectiveness of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN15747739. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 23, No. 65. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hughes
- Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | | | | | | | - Amanda Edmondson
- Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | | | - Lottie Millett
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Sonia Johnson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carrie Llewellyn
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Catherine Mercer
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Nolan
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | - Judith Watson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Baker P, Coole C, Drummond A, Khan S, McDaid C, Hewitt C, Kottam L, Ronaldson S, Coleman E, McDonald DA, Nouri F, Narayanasamy M, McNamara I, Fitch J, Thomson L, Richardson G, Rangan A. Occupational advice to help people return to work following lower limb arthroplasty: the OPAL intervention mapping study. Health Technol Assess 2020; 24:1-408. [PMID: 32930659 PMCID: PMC7520717 DOI: 10.3310/hta24450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hip and knee replacements are regularly carried out for patients who work. There is little evidence about these patients' needs and the factors influencing their return to work. There is a paucity of guidance to help patients return to work after surgery and a need for structured occupational advice to enable them to return to work safely and effectively. OBJECTIVES To develop an occupational advice intervention to support early recovery to usual activities including work that is tailored to the requirements of patients undergoing hip or knee replacements. To test the acceptability, practicality and feasibility of this intervention within current care frameworks. DESIGN An intervention mapping approach was used to develop the intervention. The research methods employed were rapid evidence synthesis, qualitative interviews with patients and stakeholders, a prospective cohort study, a survey of clinical practice and a modified Delphi consensus process. The developed intervention was implemented and assessed during the final feasibility stage of the intervention mapping process. SETTING Orthopaedic departments in NHS secondary care. PARTICIPANTS Patients who were in work and intending to return to work following primary elective hip or knee replacement surgery, health-care professionals and employers. INTERVENTIONS Occupational advice intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Development of an occupational advice intervention, fidelity of the developed intervention when delivered in a clinical setting, patient and clinician perspectives of the intervention and preliminary assessments of intervention effectiveness and cost. RESULTS A cohort study (154 patients), 110 stakeholder interviews, a survey of practice (152 respondents) and evidence synthesis provided the necessary information to develop the intervention. The intervention included information resources, a personalised return-to-work plan and co-ordination from the health-care team to support the delivery of 13 patient and 20 staff performance objectives. To support delivery, a range of tools (e.g. occupational checklists, patient workbooks and employer information), roles (e.g. return-to-work co-ordinator) and training resources were created. Feasibility was assessed for 21 of the 26 patients recruited from three NHS trusts. Adherence to the defined performance objectives was 75% for patient performance objectives and 74% for staff performance objectives. The intervention was generally well received, although the short time frame available for implementation and concurrent research evaluation led to some confusion among patients and those delivering the intervention regarding its purpose and the roles and responsibilities of key staff. LIMITATIONS Implementation and uptake of the intervention was not standardised and was limited by the study time frame. Evaluation of the intervention involved a small number of patients, which limited the ability to assess it. CONCLUSIONS The developed occupational advice intervention supports best practice. Evaluation demonstrated good rates of adherence against defined performance objectives. However, a number of operational and implementation issues require further attention. FUTURE WORK The intervention warrants a randomised controlled trial to assess its clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness to improve rates and timing of sustained return to work after surgery. This research should include the development of a robust implementation strategy to ensure that adoption is sustained. STUDY REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN27426982 and PROSPERO CRD42016045235. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 45. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Baker
- South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Carol Coole
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Avril Drummond
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sayeed Khan
- Make UK, The Manufacturers' Organisation, London, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Lucksy Kottam
- South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Sarah Ronaldson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - David A McDonald
- Whole System Patient Flow Programme, Scottish Government, Edinburgh, UK
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fiona Nouri
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Melanie Narayanasamy
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Iain McNamara
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Judith Fitch
- British Orthopaedic Association Patient Liaison Group, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Louise Thomson
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Amar Rangan
- South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Roberts L, Coleman E, Vallet B, Pointing T. Outputs and perceptions of ́consultant physiotherapist́ roles. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Cook E, Booth A, Coleman E, Scantlebury A, McDaid C, Hewitt C, Corbacho B, Rangan A, Adamson J, Ranganathan A, Khan A, Ahuja S, Turner E, May P, Hilton C, Torgerson DJ. Pragmatic randomised evaluation of stable thoracolumbar fracture treatment outcomes (PRESTO): study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial combined with a qualitative study and survey. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:38. [PMID: 32190347 PMCID: PMC7068894 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A thoracolumbar fracture is the most common fracture of the spinal column. Where the fracture is not obviously stable or unstable, the optimal management is uncertain. There are variations between surgeons, treating centres and within the evidence base as to whether surgical or non-surgical approaches should be used. In addition, the boundaries of this zone of uncertainty for stability are unclear. This study has been designed in response to an NIHR HTA commissioning brief to assess the feasibility of undertaking a large-scale trial to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical treatments for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit. Methods Assessment of feasibility will be addressed through three elements: a randomised external feasibility study, a national survey of surgeons and a qualitative study. The external feasibility study is a pragmatic, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial comparing surgical fixation (intervention) versus non-surgical management (control). Recruitment will take place in three secondary care centres in the UK. The primary outcome is recruitment rate, defined as the proportion of eligible participants who are randomised. Further outcomes related to recruitment, randomisation, drop-out, cross-over, loss to follow-up, completeness of outcome data, study processes and details of the interventions delivered will be collected. The survey of surgeons and qualitative study of clinicians, recruiting staff and patients will enhance the feasibility study, enabling a broad overview of current practice in the field in addition to perceived facilitators and barriers to running a full-scale trial. Discussion PRESTO is a feasibility study which aims to inform methodology for a definitive trial comparing surgical fixation with non-surgical management for patients with stable thoracolumbar fractures. Trial registration The trial is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Register (ISRCTN12094890). Date of registration was 22/02/2018 (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12094890).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Cook
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Alison Booth
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Arabella Scantlebury
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Belen Corbacho
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Amar Rangan
- 2South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Joy Adamson
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Arun Ranganathan
- 3Bart's Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB UK
| | - Almas Khan
- 4Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS1 3EX West Yorkshire UK
| | - Sashin Ahuja
- 5Cardiff & Vale University Health Board, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, CF14 4XW Wales, UK
| | - Emma Turner
- 1York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Peter May
- 3Bart's Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB UK
| | - Catherine Hilton
- 3Bart's Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB UK
| | - David J Torgerson
- 6York Trials Unit and NIHR RDS YH, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, ARRC Building, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
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Partha Sarathy P, Kottam L, Parker A, Brealey S, Coleman E, Keding A, Mitchell A, Northgraves M, Torgerson D, Rangan A. Timing of electronic reminders did not improve trial participant questionnaire response: a randomized trial and meta-analyses. J Clin Epidemiol 2020; 122:70-77. [PMID: 32151697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess whether timing of short messaging service (SMS) reminders improved postal questionnaire return rates from participants in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A Study Within A Trial (SWAT) embedded in a multicenter RCT evaluating three treatments for the frozen shoulder. Participants who provided a mobile telephone number were randomized to either prenotification SMS on the day of the questionnaire mail-out or postnotification SMS 4 days after questionnaire mail-out for the 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who returned a valid questionnaire. A systematic review was undertaken to identify other embedded trials to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS Of the 269 participants, 122/135 (90.4%) returned a valid questionnaire in the prenotification arm and 119/134 (88.8%) in the postnotification arm (difference of -1.6%; 95% CI of difference: -8.9%, 5.7%). There was no difference in time to response (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.34) or need for additional reminders (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.43 to 1.17). Meta-analysis of two RCTs showed no difference in response rates between prenotification and postnotification reminders (OR = 0.78 95% CI: 0.42 to 1.45). CONCLUSION Timing of SMS reminders did not improve response rates and time to response or affect the need for additional reminders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Partha Sarathy
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Lucksy Kottam
- STRIVE, The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW, UK
| | - Adwoa Parker
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Stephen Brealey
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ada Keding
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Alex Mitchell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Matthew Northgraves
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - David Torgerson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Amar Rangan
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK; STRIVE, The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW, UK
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Hughes E, Mitchell N, Gascoyne S, Moe-Byrne T, Edmondson A, Coleman E, Millett L, Ali S, Dare C, Hewitt C, Johnson S, Llewellyn C, Mercer C, Nolan F, Walker C, Watson J. Sexual health promotion in people with severe mental illness: the RESPECT feasibility RCT. Health Technol Assess 2019; 23:1-136. [PMID: 31854292 DOI: 10.3310/hta23610.pmid:31670644;pmcid:pmc6843114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with serious mental illness have sexual health needs, but there is limited evidence regarding effective interventions to promote their sexual health. OBJECTIVES To develop a sexual health promotion intervention for people with serious mental illness, and to conduct a feasibility trial in order to establish the acceptability and parameters for a fully powered trial. DESIGN A two-armed randomised controlled, open feasibility study comparing usual care alone with usual care plus the adjunctive intervention. SETTING Five community mental health providers in Leeds, Barnsley, Brighton and London. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged ≥ 18 years with serious mental illness and receiving care from community mental health teams. INTERVENTIONS A remote, web-based computer randomisation system allocated participants to usual care plus the RESPECT (Randomised Evaluation of Sexual health Promotion Effectiveness informing Care and Treatment) intervention (three sessions of 1 hour) (intervention arm) or usual care only (control arm). The intervention was an interactive manualised package of exercises, quizzes and discussion topics focusing on knowledge, motivation and behavioural intentions to adopt safer sexual behaviours. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility parameters including establishing the percentage of people who were eligible, consented and were retained in each arm of the trial, retention for the intervention, as well as the completeness of the data collection. Data were collected on knowledge, motivation to adopt safer sexual behaviour, sexual behaviour, sexual stigma, sexual health service use and quality of life. Data were collected at baseline and then at 3 months and 6 months post randomisation. RESULTS Of a target of 100 participants, 72 people participated in the trial over 12 months. Of the 36 participants randomised to the intervention arm, 27 received some of the intervention (75.0%). At 3 months, 59 of the 72 participants completed follow-up questionnaires (81.9%) (30 participants from the intervention arm and 29 participants from the control arm). Only the first 38 participants were followed up at 6 months. However, data were collected on 29 out of 38 participants (76.3% retention): 13 in the intervention arm and 16 in the control arm. No adverse events were reported. Participant feedback confirmed that both the design and the intervention were acceptable. The economic analysis indicated high completion rates and completeness of data among participants who continued the trial. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limitations, the findings suggest that it is both acceptable and feasible to undertake a sexual health promotion study for people with serious mental illness. FUTURE WORK A fully powered randomised controlled trial would be required to establish the clinical effectiveness of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN15747739. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 23, No. 65. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Hughes
- Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | | | | | | | - Amanda Edmondson
- Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | | | - Lottie Millett
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | | | | | - Sonia Johnson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carrie Llewellyn
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Catherine Mercer
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fiona Nolan
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | - Judith Watson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Arundel C, Coleman E, Fairhurst C, Peckham E, Bailey D, Gilbody S. The effectiveness of a contingent financial incentive to improve trial follow up; a randomised study within a trial (SWAT). F1000Res 2019; 8:1937. [PMID: 32742637 PMCID: PMC7372525 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.21059.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of a contingent financial incentive (£10 note in addition to a routinely provided £10 voucher) versus no contingent financial incentive, on improving the retention rate in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Methods A two arm 'Study within a Trial' (SWAT) embedded within a host RCT (SCIMITAR+). Participants were randomised to the SWAT using a 2:1 (intervention:control) allocation ratio. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of participants completing a CO breath measurement at the first SCIMITAR+ follow up time point (6 months). Secondary outcomes were withdrawing from follow-up after contact and time from assessment due date to completion. Analyses were conducted using logistic or Cox Proportional Hazards regression as appropriate. Results A total of 434 participants were randomised into this SWAT. Completion of the CO breath measurement at 6 months was 88.5% (n=247) in the intervention arm of the SWAT and 85.4% (n=123) in the control arm (Difference 3.1%, OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.71-2.33, p=0.41). There was also no evidence of a difference in the proportion of participants withdrawing from follow-up after contact (intervention n=7 (2.5%), control n=5 (3.5%); OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.23-2.44, p=0.64), nor in terms of proximity of 6-month visit completion to due date (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.86-1.33, p=0.55). Conclusion It is unclear if contingent financial incentives increased rates of face-to-face follow-up completion within the SCIMITAR+ trial population. However, the sample size of this SWAT was constrained by the size of the host trial and power was limited. This SWAT adds to the body of evidence for initiatives to increase response rates in trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Arundel
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | | | - Emily Peckham
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Della Bailey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Simon Gilbody
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Arundel C, Coleman E, Fairhurst C, Peckham E, Bailey D, Gilbody S. SCIMITAR+ Trial: A randomised study within a trial (SWAT) of a contingent financial reward to improve trial follow-up. F1000Res 2019; 8:1937. [PMID: 32742637 PMCID: PMC7372525 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.21059.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 03/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of a contingent financial incentive (£10 note in addition to a routinely provided £10 voucher) versus no contingent financial incentive, on improving the retention rate in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Methods: A two arm 'Study within a Trial' (SWAT) embedded within a host RCT (SCIMITAR+). Participants were randomised to the SWAT using a 2:1 (intervention:control) allocation ratio. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of participants completing a CO breath measurement at the first SCIMITAR+ follow up time point (6 months). Secondary outcomes were withdrawing from follow-up after contact and time from assessment due date to completion. Analyses were conducted using logistic or Cox Proportional Hazards regression as appropriate. Results: A total of 434 participants were randomised into this SWAT. Completion of the CO breath measurement at 6 months was 88.5% (n=247) in the intervention arm of the SWAT and 85.4% (n=123) in the control arm. The difference (3.1%) was not statistically significant (p=0.36; OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.71-2.33, p=0.41). There was also no evidence of a difference in the proportion of participants withdrawing from follow-up after contact (intervention n=7 (2.5%), control n=5 (3.5%); OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.23-2.44, p=0.64), nor in terms of proximity of 6-month visit completion to due date (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.86-1.33, p=0.55). Conclusion: Contingent financial incentives did not statistically significantly increase rates of face-to-face follow-up completion within the SCIMITAR+ trial population. However, the sample size of this SWAT was constrained by the size of the host trial and power was limited. This SWAT adds to the body of evidence for initiatives to increase response rates in trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Arundel
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | | | - Emily Peckham
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Della Bailey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Simon Gilbody
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Bottoms L, Leighton D, Carpenter R, Anderson S, Langmead L, Ramage J, Faulkner J, Coleman E, Fairhurst C, Seed M, Tew G. Affective and enjoyment responses to 12 weeks of high intensity interval training and moderate continuous training in adults with Crohn's disease. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222060. [PMID: 31539378 PMCID: PMC6754139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to undertake secondary data analysis from a three-arm randomised feasibility trial of high intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate intensity continuous training (MICT), and usual care control in adults with Crohn’s disease (CD; n = 36), with a primary focus on exploring affective and enjoyment responses. Twenty-five participants with quiescent or mildly-active CD were randomised to one of the two exercise groups: HIIT (n = 13) and MICT (n = 12). Both groups were offered thrice weekly sessions for 12 weeks. MICT consisted of cycling for 30 minutes at 35% peak power (Wpeak), whereas HIIT involved ten 1-minute bouts at 90% Wpeak, interspersed with 1-minute bouts at 15% Wpeak. Heart rate (HR), differentiated ratings of perceived exertion for legs (RPE-L) and central (RPE-C), along with feeling state (Feeling Scale; FS) were measured at 92.5% of each session. Enjoyment was measured at the end of training using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Post-hoc exploratory analysis involved a mixed-model two-way ANOVA to compare HR, RPE-L, RPE-C and FS for the exercise sessions in weeks 1, 6 and 12 between groups. Overall, HR was greater (p < 0.01) during HIIT (173 ± 8 bpm) compared with MICT (128 ± 6 bpm). Similarly, RPE-L and RPE-C responses were greater overall (p = 0.03 and p = 0.03, respectively) during HIIT (5.5 ± 1.6 and 5.1 ± 1.7, respectively) compared to MICT (3.3 ± 1.5 and 2.9 ± 1.5, respectively). Overall, FS was 2.2 ± 1.9 for HIIT and 2.1 ± 1.4 for MICT with no effect of treatment group (p = 0.25) or time (p = 0.94). There was also no significant difference in PACES scores between HIIT (99.4 ± 12.9) and MICT (101.3 ± 17.4; p = 0.78). The findings suggest HIIT and MICT protocols elicited similar enjoyment and affect in adults with quiescent or mildly-active CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Bottoms
- Department of Psychology and Sports Science, University of Hertfordshire, Life and Medical Sciences, Hatfield, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Dean Leighton
- Centre for Immunobiology, Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, London
| | - Roger Carpenter
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Anderson
- Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Langmead
- Digestive Diseases Clinical Academic Unit, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Ramage
- Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - James Faulkner
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Winchester, Winchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Michael Seed
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Garry Tew
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
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Mitchell N, Coleman E, Watson J, Bell K, McDaid C, Barnett C, Twiste M, Jepson F, Salawu A, Harrison D, Vanicek N. Self-aligning prosthetic device for older patients with vascular-related amputations: protocol for a randomised feasibility study (the STEPFORWARD study). BMJ Open 2019; 9:e032924. [PMID: 31542768 PMCID: PMC6756612 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of older patients with a transtibial amputation are prescribed a standard (more rigid, not self-aligning) prosthesis. These are mostly suitable for level walking, and cannot adjust to different sloped surfaces. This makes walking more difficult and less energy efficient, possibly leading to longer term disuse. A Cochrane Review concluded that there was insufficient evidence to recommend any individual type of prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism. This trial will establish the feasibility of conducting a large-scale trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a self-aligning prosthesis for older patients with vascular-related amputations and other health issues compared with a standard prosthesis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This feasibility trial is a pragmatic, parallel group, randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing standard treatment with a more rigid prosthesis versus a self-aligning prosthesis. The target sample size is 90 patients, who are aged 50 years and over, and have a transtibial amputation, where amputation aetiology is mostly vascular-related or non-traumatic. Feasibility will be measured by consent and retention rates, a plausible future sample size over a 24-month recruitment period and completeness of outcome measures. Qualitative interviews will be carried out with trial participants to explore issues around study processes and acceptability of the intervention. Focus groups with staff at prosthetics centres will explore barriers to successful delivery of the trial. Findings from the qualitative work will be integrated with the feasibility trial outcomes in order to inform the design of a full-scale RCT. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was granted by Yorkshire and the Humber-Leeds West Research Ethics Committee on 4 May 2018. The findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed research publications, articles in relevant newsletters, presentations at relevant conferences and the patient advisory group. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN15043643.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Mitchell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Judith Watson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Kerry Bell
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Catriona McDaid
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Cleveland Barnett
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Martin Twiste
- United National Institute for Prosthetics & Orthotics Development, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Fergus Jepson
- Specialist Mobility Rehabilitation Centre, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Abayomi Salawu
- Disability Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | | | - Natalie Vanicek
- Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Coleman E, O’Connor E. The role of WhatsApp® in medical education; a scoping review and instructional design model. BMC Med Educ 2019; 19:279. [PMID: 31345202 PMCID: PMC6659203 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-019-1706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technological advances have driven huge change in educational practices though concerns exist about a lack of evidence informing this change, in particular with social media-based medical education activities. The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review of WhatsApp use in medical education, narratively describing how it has been used and evaluated, and the theoretical considerations in relevant articles. METHODS A modified 5-stage scoping review model was used. We performed 2 searches from February 2009 to February 2019 in EBSCO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline PubMed and Google Scholar) using the term "WhatsApp" in all search fields. A 3-stage process for study selection was performed. Only original articles in English presenting original data about WhatsApp in medical education were included. The Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation was used to describe learning outcomes in included studies. RESULTS Twenty-three articles were selected for review. Three strategies for WhatsApp use were apparent; primarily educational use with a pre-defined curriculum (n = 5), primarily educational use without a curriculum (n = 11), and primarily non-educational use (n = 7). Most of the educational studies used an online moderator and were in a local hospital or university department. Studies not primarily educational were national or international and seldom included an online moderator. All 5 studies with a pre-defined curriculum reported Kirkpatrick level 2 learner knowledge outcomes. A majority of the remaining studies only reported Kirkpatrick level 1 learner attitudes. Seven studies with 647 participants reported an improvement in learners' knowledge following WhatsApp learning, though methodological weaknesses were apparent. Evidence for underlying learning theory considerations were scant throughout the studies. CONCLUSIONS WhatsApp is popular and convenient in medical education. Current published literature suggests it may also be effective as a medical learning tool. By combining the 3 strategies for WhatsApp use and the exploration-enactment-assessment integrated learning design framework, we propose an instant messenger design model for medical education. This may address the need for theory-driven instructional design in social media learning. Further research would clarify the role of WhatsApp and our design model in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Coleman
- Department of Intensive Care and Anaesthesia, St James’s Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin 8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E. O’Connor
- Department of Intensive Care and Anaesthesia, St James’s Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin 8, Dublin, Ireland
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Tew GA, Leighton D, Carpenter R, Anderson S, Langmead L, Ramage J, Faulkner J, Coleman E, Fairhurst C, Seed M, Bottoms L. High-intensity Interval Training And Moderate-intensity Continuous Training In Adults With Crohn’S Disease: A Pilot Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000560861.47673.f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bottoms L, Leighton D, Carpenter R, Anderson S, Langmead L, Ramage J, Faulkner J, Coleman E, Fairhurst C, Seed M, Tew GA. Enjoyment Responses to High Intensity Interval and Moderate Intensity Continuous Training in Crohn’s Disease Patients. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000560860.47673.bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Littlewood E, Ali S, Badenhorst J, Bailey D, Bambra C, Chew-Graham C, Coleman E, Crosland S, Gascoyne S, Gilbody S, Hewitt C, Jones C, Keding A, Kitchen C, McMillan D, Pearson C, Rhodes S, Sloan C, Todd A, Watson M, Whittlesea C, Ekers D. Community Pharmacies Mood Intervention Study (CHEMIST): feasibility and external pilot randomised controlled trial protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2019; 5:71. [PMID: 31161045 PMCID: PMC6540405 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-019-0457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
FEASIBILITY STUDY Objectives:Refine a bespoke enhanced support intervention (ESI) (including self-help materials, intervention manual and training) for implementation by community pharmacy (CP) staff to people with sub-threshold depression and long-term conditions (LTCs) based upon evidence-supported interventions in primary careDevelop and refine study procedures (recruitment strategies and set up, screening, participant recruitment, assessment, suitability of outcome measures and data collection procedures) for testing in the pilot study phaseDesign: A case series/qualitative studySetting: UK community pharmacyPopulation: Adults with long-term health conditions who screen-positive for depression but who do not reach the threshold for DSM IV Moderate Depressive disorderIntervention: Enhanced support intervention (ESI) delivered by an appropriately trained community pharmacy team member involving four to six sessions over four months. ESI is a modified form of an intervention within the collaborative care framework for sub-threshold depression validated in previous studies in UK primary care which appears suitable for implementation in community settings.Sample size: 20-30 participantsOutcomes: Study implementation (recruitment and attrition rates), quality of data collection at baseline and 4 months and ESI adherence (number of contacts, DNA and drop out) as per objectives 1a/bQualitative evaluation: Semi-structured interviews with up to 10 participants and ESI facilitators and focus group(s) (range of pharmacy staff n = 8-10) will be conducted to explore the acceptability of the intervention and feasibility of the study, training and study procedures. EXTERNAL PILOT STUDY Objectives:Quantify the flow of participants (eligibility, recruitment and follow-up rate)Evaluate proposed recruitment, assessment and outcome measure collection methodsExamine the delivery of the enhanced support intervention in a community pharmacy setting (intervention uptake, retention and dose) to inform process evaluationProcess evaluation, using semi-structured interviews with participants across a range of socio-economic settings, and pharmacy staff to explore the acceptability of the ESI within community pharmacy, elements of the intervention that were considered useful (or not) and appropriateness of study proceduresDesign: Pilot randomised controlled trial, including a prospective economic and qualitative evaluationSetting: As abovePopulation: As aboveIntervention: As above with adaptations post feasibility studyComparator: Usual careSample size: 100 participantsOutcomes: Data will be used to estimate recruitment, intervention delivery and study completion rates as per objectives 2a-d. Definitive estimates of the effectiveness of ESI will not be made.Primary outcome: Depression severity (Patient Health Questionnaire 9) at four months.Secondary outcomes: Patient acceptance, uptake and attrition. ICD10 depression status, anxiety (GAD 7), health-related quality of life (SF-12v2) and health-state utility (EQ5D 3L) will be measured at four months.Economic evaluation: The incremental cost per QALY will be calculated from both the NHS and societal perspective.Process evaluation: Using mixed methods, potential mediators/moderators of the intervention, the acceptability (to participants and pharmacy staff), barriers and facilitators to the use of ESI in community pharmacy, and impact on usual practice will be examined. Semi-structured interviews with approximately 30 study participants, 20 pharmacy staff and eight GPs near participating pharmacies will be conducted. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN: ISRCTN11290592Protocol version number: Version 4.1 (dated 16th January 2018)Study Sponsor Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Jay Badenhorst
- Whitworth Chemists Ltd, 2C Atkinson Way, Foxhill Industrial Estate, Scunthorpe, DN15 8QJ UK
| | - Della Bailey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Clare Bambra
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Richardson Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX UK
| | - Carolyn Chew-Graham
- Research Institute, Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG UK
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Suzanne Crosland
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Samantha Gascoyne
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Simon Gilbody
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Claire Jones
- Public Health Team, Children & Adult Services, Durham County Council, County Hall, DH1 5UJ UK
| | - Ada Keding
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Charlotte Kitchen
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Dean McMillan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Caroline Pearson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Shelley Rhodes
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU UK
| | - Claire Sloan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Adam Todd
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Richardson Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE2 4AX UK
- School of Pharmacy, King George VI Building, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK
| | - Michelle Watson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Cate Whittlesea
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX UK
| | - David Ekers
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
- Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS FT/University of York, Tarncroft House, Lanchester Road Hospital, Durham, DH1 5RD UK
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Booth A, Ingoe HMA, Northgraves M, Coleman E, Harden M, Kassam J, Kwok I, Hilton C, Bates P, McDaid C. Effectiveness of surgical fixation for lateral compression type one (LC-1) fragility fractures of the pelvis: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024737. [PMID: 31110085 PMCID: PMC6530388 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To undertake a systematic review of the evidence base for the effectiveness of surgical fixation of lateral compression (LC-1) fragility fractures of the pelvis compared with non-surgical approaches. SEARCHES MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and two international trials registers were searched up to January 2017 (MEDLINE to February 2019) for studies of internal or external fixation of fragility fractures of the pelvis. PARTICIPANTS Patients with lateral compression pelvic fractures, sustained as the result of a low-energy mechanism, defined as a fall from standing height or less. INTERVENTIONS Surgery using either external or internal fixation devices. Conservative non-surgical treatment was the defined comparator. OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes of interest were patient mobility and function, pain, quality of life, fracture union, mortality, hospital length of stay and complications (additional operative procedures, number and type of adverse events and serious adverse events). QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND SYNTHESIS The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Case Series was used to assess the included studies. Results were presented in a narrative synthesis. RESULTS Of 3421 records identified, four retrospective case series met the inclusion criteria. Fixation types were not consistent between studies or within studies and most patients had more than one type of pelvic fixation. Where reported, mobility and function improved post-surgery, and a reduction in pain was recorded. Length of hospital stay ranged from 4 days to 54 days for surgical fixation of any type. Reported complications and adverse outcomes included: infections, implant loosening, pneumonia and thrombosis. Use of analgesia was not reported. CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to support guidance on the most effective treatment for patients who fail to mobilise after sustaining an LC-1 fragility fracture. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017055872.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Booth
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Helen Margaret Ann Ingoe
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | | | | | - Melissa Harden
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multiple systematic reviews have reported on the impact of rib fracture fixation in the presence of flail chest and multiple rib fractures, however this practice remains controversial. Our aim is to synthesise the effectiveness of surgical rib fracture fixation as evidenced by systematic reviews. DESIGN A systematic search identified systematic reviews comparing effectiveness of rib fracture fixation with non-operative management of adults with flail chest or unifocal non-flail rib fractures. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Science Citation Index were last searched 17 March 2017. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Systematic reviews (ROBIS) tool. The primary outcome was duration of mechanical ventilation. RESULTS Twelve systematic reviews were included, consisting of 3 unique randomised controlled trials and 19 non-randomised studies. Length of mechanical ventilation was shorter in the fixation group compared with the non-operative group in flail chest; pooled estimates ranged from -4.52 days, 95% CI (-5.54 to -3.5) to -7.5 days, 95% CI (-9.9 to -5.5). Pneumonia, length of hospital and intensive care unit stay all showed a statistically significant improvement in favour of fixation for flail chest; however, all outcomes in favour of fixation had substantial heterogeneity. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in mortality. Two systematic reviews included one non-randomised studies of unifocal non-flail rib fracture population; due to limited evidence the benefits with surgery are uncertain. CONCLUSIONS Synthesis of the reviews has shown some potential improvement in patient outcomes with flail chest after fixation. For future review updates, meta-analysis for effectiveness may need to take into account indications and timing of surgery as a subgroup analysis to address clinical heterogeneity between primary studies. Further robust evidence is required before conclusions can be drawn of the effectiveness of surgical fixation for flail chest and in particular, unifocal non-flail rib fractures. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016053494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Ma Ingoe
- York Trials Unit, Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | | | - William Eardley
- York Trials Unit, Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Amar Rangan
- York Trials Unit, Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Catriona McDaid
- York Trials Unit, Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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Tew GA, Leighton D, Carpenter R, Anderson S, Langmead L, Ramage J, Faulkner J, Coleman E, Fairhurst C, Seed M, Bottoms L. High-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training in adults with Crohn's disease: a pilot randomised controlled trial. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:19. [PMID: 30696423 PMCID: PMC6352351 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-0936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of two common types of exercise training-high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT)-in adults with Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS In this mixed-methods pilot trial, participants with quiescent or mildly-active CD were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to HIIT, MICT or usual care control, and followed up for 6 months. The HIIT and MICT groups were offered three exercise sessions per week for the first 12 weeks. Feasibility outcomes included rates of recruitment, retention, outcome completion, and exercise attendance. Data were collected on cardiorespiratory fitness (e.g., peak oxygen uptake), disease activity, fatigue, quality of life, adverse events, and intervention acceptability (via interviews). RESULTS Over 17 months, 53 patients were assessed for eligibility and 36 (68%) were randomised (47% male; mean age 36.9 [SD 11.2] years); 13 to HIIT, 12 to MICT, and 11 to control. The exercise session attendance rate was 62% for HIIT (288/465) and 75% for MICT (320/429), with 62% of HIIT participants (8/13) and 67% of MICT participants (8/12) completing at least 24 of 36 sessions. One participant was lost to follow-up. Outcome completion rates ranged from 89 to 97%. The mean increase in peak oxygen uptake, relative to control, was greater following HIIT than MICT (2.4 vs. 0.7 mL/kg/min). There were three non-serious exercise-related adverse events, and two exercise participants experienced disease relapse during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the feasibility and acceptability of the exercise programmes and trial procedures. A definitive trial is warranted. Physical exercise remains a potentially useful adjunct therapy in CD. [ID: ISRCTN13021107].
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry A. Tew
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Dean Leighton
- Centre for Immunobiology, Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Building, Newark Street, Whitechapel, London, E1 2AT UK
| | - Roger Carpenter
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, London, E15 4LZ UK
| | | | - Louise Langmead
- Digestive Diseases Clinical Academic Unit, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - John Ramage
- Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hampshire, UK
| | - James Faulkner
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Winchester, Winchester, SO22 4NR UK
| | | | | | - Michael Seed
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, London, E15 4LZ UK
| | - Lindsay Bottoms
- Centre for Psychology and Sports Science, University of Hertfordshire, Life and Medical Sciences, CP Snow Building, College Lane, Hatfield, AL10 9AB UK
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Porter C, Coleman E, Ross L, Palmer M. Do stroke patients screened as lower-nutritional-risk still receive dietitian assessment if indicated? A retrospective evaluation of two dietetic models of care for adult stroke patients. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:267-275. [PMID: 30666773 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietetic models of care at Logan Hospital changed from all patients with a confirmed stroke receiving dietitian assessment (Old pathway) to only those patients screened as high-nutritional-risk (Modified pathway). However, it was unknown whether all low-nutritional-risk patients who were indicated for dietitian assessment for nutrition support actually received assessment. This pre-post retrospective study evaluated whether the Old pathway and the Modified pathway were equally effective in identifying low-nutritional-risk stroke patients who were indicated for dietitian assessment and compared the time spent providing Dietetic care. METHODS For both pathways, medical charts were reviewed for low-nutritional-risk patients admitted between December 2012 and November 2017 with a confirmed stroke, who were given a standard food and fluid diet code and scored MST < 2 (Malnutrition Screening Tool) on admission. Data collected included demographics, anthropometrics, malnutrition assessment, dietetic intervention and time spent caring for patients. Malnutrition-related clinical indicators were used to classify patients as either Dietitian Assessment for Nutrition Support Indicated or Not Indicated. RESULTS Low-nutritional-risk patients were similar on the Old (n = 180) and Modified (n = 206) pathways [mean (SD) 66 (13) years, 63% male, 4% malnutrition]. Those classified as Dietitian Assessment for Nutrition Support Indicated (n = 61 of 180) were older, had a longer length of stay (P < 0.05), and were all identified by the Dietitian on both pathways. Ten minutes less dietetic time per patient was required on the Modified pathway (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The Modified Nutrition Stroke pathway performed more efficiently than the Old pathway and was equally effective at ensuring that stroke patients who were determined as being low-nutritional-risk received dietitian assessment during admission if indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Porter
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - E Coleman
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia
| | - L Ross
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.,Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Palmer
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Logan Hospital, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia
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Coleman E, Bockting W, Botzer M, Cohen-Kettenis P, De Cuypere G, Feldman J, Fraser L, Green J, Knudson G, Meyer WJ, Monstrey S, Adler RK, Brown GR, Devor AH, Ehrbar R, Ettner R, Eyler E, Garofalo R, Karasic DH, Lev AI, Mayer G, Meyer-Bahlburg H, Hall BP, Pfäfflin F, Rachlin K, Robinson B, Schechter LS, Tangpricha V, van Trotsenburg M, Vitale A, Winter S, Whittle S, Wylie KR, Zucker K. Normas de Atención para la salud de personas trans y con variabilidad de género. INT J TRANSGENDERISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15532739.2018.1503902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Jefferson L, Fairhurst C, Brealey S, Coleman E, Cook L, Hewitt C, Keding A, Northgraves M, Rangan A, Tew GA, Torgerson DJ, Dias J. Remote or on-site visits were feasible for the initial setup meetings with hospitals in a multicenter surgical trial: an embedded randomized trial. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 100:13-21. [PMID: 29679748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects, costs, and feasibility of providing on-site compared with remote meetings to set up hospital sites in a multicenter, surgical randomized controlled trial. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Hospitals were randomized to receive the initial trial setup meetings on-site (i.e., face-to-face) or remotely (i.e., via teleconference). Data were collected on site setup, recruitment, follow-up, and costs for the two methods. The hospital staff experience of trial setup was also surveyed. RESULTS Thirty-nine sites were randomized and 33 sites set up to recruit (19 on-site and 14 remote). For sites randomized to an on-site meeting compared with remote meeting respectively, the time from first contact to the first recruit was a median of 246 days (interquartile range [IQR] 196-346] vs. 212 days (IQR 154-266), mean recruitment was 10 participants (median 10, IQR 2-17) vs. 11 participants (median 6, IQR 5-23), and participant follow-up at 12 months was 81% vs. 82%. Sites allocated to an initial on-site visit cost on average £289.83 more to setup. CONCLUSION Remote or on-site visits are feasible for the initial setup meetings with hospitals in a multicenter surgical trial. This embedded trial should be replicated to improve generalizability and increase statistical power using meta-analysis. ISRCTN78899574.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jefferson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Area 4, Seebohm Rowntree Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Fairhurst
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Brealey
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Liz Cook
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Hewitt
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Ada Keding
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Northgraves
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Amar Rangan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Garry A Tew
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - David J Torgerson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York Trials Unit, Lower Ground Floor, ARRC Building, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Dias
- AToMS-Academic Team of Musculoskeletal Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Undercroft (nr Ward 28), Gwendolen Road, Leicester LE5 4PW, United Kingdom
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Hashmi F, Fairhurst C, Cockayne S, Cullen M, Bell K, Coleman E, Harrison‐Blount M, Torgerson D. The
EV
erT2 (Effective Verruca Treatments 2) trial: a randomized controlled trial of needling vs. nonsurgical debridement for the treatment of plantar verrucae. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1285-1292. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Hashmi
- School of Health Sciences University of Salford Brian Blatchford Building Salford M6 6PU U.K
| | - C. Fairhurst
- Department of Health Sciences University of York York Trials Unit, ARRC Building, Ground Floor York YO10 5DD U.K
| | - S. Cockayne
- Department of Health Sciences University of York York Trials Unit, ARRC Building, Ground Floor York YO10 5DD U.K
| | - M. Cullen
- School of Health Sciences University of Salford Brian Blatchford Building Salford M6 6PU U.K
| | - K. Bell
- Department of Health Sciences University of York York Trials Unit, ARRC Building, Ground Floor York YO10 5DD U.K
| | - E. Coleman
- Department of Health Sciences University of York York Trials Unit, ARRC Building, Ground Floor York YO10 5DD U.K
| | - M. Harrison‐Blount
- School of Health Sciences University of Salford Brian Blatchford Building Salford M6 6PU U.K
| | - D. Torgerson
- Department of Health Sciences University of York York Trials Unit, ARRC Building, Ground Floor York YO10 5DD U.K
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hieronymus
- Education & Quality Services, University of Kentucky HealthCare Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Liz Combs
- Education & Quality Services, University of Kentucky HealthCare Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Elizabeth Coleman
- Education & Quality Services, University of Kentucky HealthCare Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Kristin Ashford
- Education & Quality Services, University of Kentucky HealthCare Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Lexington, KY
| | - Amanda Wiggins
- Education & Quality Services, University of Kentucky HealthCare Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Lexington, KY
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Linares AM, Wambach K, Rayens MK, Wiggins A, Coleman E, Dignan MB. Modeling the Influence of Early Skin-to-Skin Contact on Exclusive Breastfeeding in a Sample of Hispanic Immigrant Women. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 19:1027-1034. [PMID: 26969615 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using data from a longitudinal study of breastfeeding in Hispanics, this study evaluated the influence of early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) on initiation and sustained exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at 1 month postpartum. Two-thirds of the women in the sample participated in early SSC. At discharge, over half of the women were EBF; this proportion decreased to one-third at 1 month postpartum. Controlling for demographic and clinical variables in the model, participation in early SSC was associated with a greater than sevenfold increase in the odds of EBF at discharge (p = .005) but was not predictive of EBF at 1 month post-discharge (p = .7). Younger maternal age and increased prenatal infant feeding intention were associated with an increased likelihood of EBF across both timepoints. Promoting early SSC may help with initiation of EBF, while further breastfeeding support may be needed to maintain EBF following discharge for this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Linares
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 315 College of Nursing Building, Lexington, KY, 40536-0230, USA. .,Faculty of Health Science, Universidad de Tarapaca, Arica, Chile.
| | - Karen Wambach
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KUMC, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Mary K Rayens
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 315 College of Nursing Building, Lexington, KY, 40536-0230, USA.,College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Amanda Wiggins
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 315 College of Nursing Building, Lexington, KY, 40536-0230, USA
| | | | - Mark B Dignan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Prevention Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Kelly O, Flynn A, Coleman E, O’keeffe C, Connolly M, Reddy D, Ahern E, Cotter C, Mcgovern R. EMERALD, elderly medicine early review and liaison for discharge. Eur Geriatr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2013.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wilson N, Cunningham A, Coleman E, Patterson C, Nnajiuba H, Guerrero A, Frith D. Challenges facing a new prehospital care service in the developing world: the Nepali Ambulance Service (NAS). Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2013. [PMCID: PMC3665531 DOI: 10.1186/1757-7241-21-s1-s13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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50
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Krishnan U, Takatsuki S, Ivy DD, Kerstein J, Calderbank M, Coleman E, Rosenzweig EB. Effectiveness and safety of inhaled treprostinil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in children. Am J Cardiol 2012; 110:1704-9. [PMID: 22917554 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of prostanoid therapy has revolutionized the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, continuous intravenous prostacyclin infusion poses significant risks and challenges, particularly in children. Inhaled treprostinil has been shown to be safe and efficacious in adults. This study describes the safety and efficacy of inhaled treprostinil in children with PAH. A retrospective analysis of 29 children treated with inhaled treprostinil for ≥6 weeks was performed. Effects of inhaled treprostinil on exercise capacity, functional class, and echocardiographic and hemodynamic data were evaluated. Adverse events were documented. Patients received 3 to 9 breaths (6 μg/breath) of inhaled treprostinil 4 times/day. All were receiving background PAH therapy; 12 had previously received parenteral prostanoid. Inhaled treprostinil was discontinued in 4 patients because of symptoms including cough and bronchospasm (n = 3) and progression of PAH (n = 1). Mild side effects including cough (n = 9) and sore throat (n = 6) did not require discontinuation of therapy. World Health Organization functional class improved in 19 and was unchanged in 10; exercise capacity significantly improved with the 6-minute walk distance, improving on follow-up from 455.7 ± 71.5 to 498 ± 70 m (p = 0.01) and peak oxygen consumption increasing from 25.5 ± 10.2 to 27.4 ± 10 (p = 0.04). In conclusion, inhaled treprostinil was associated with improvement in exercise capacity and World Health Organization functional class when added to background targeted PAH therapy in children and had an acceptable safety profile. Based on these early data, further study of inhaled treprostinil appears warranted in pediatric patients with PAH.
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