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Sanchez B, Panduro MA, Covarrubias DH, Reyna A, Juárez E. Coherently Radiating Periodic Structures for Feeding Concentric Rings Array with Reduced Number of Phase Shifters. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:9528. [PMID: 36502230 PMCID: PMC9735969 DOI: 10.3390/s22239528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the application of CORPS (coherently radiating periodic structures) for feeding CRA (concentric rings array) with a reduced number of phase shifters. The proposed design technique for the structure of concentric rings provides a better scanning capability with respect to other existing configurations. This design technique utilizes 2 × 3 or 4 × 7 CORPS networks depending on the configuration or the number of antenna elements in the phased array system. These CORPS networks are set strategically in the feeding network to provide several advantages with respect to others in the scanning capability and the reduction of the number of phase shifters of the array system. The contribution of this paper is the full antenna system design of phased CRA for analyzing scanning and the reduction of phase shifters. The proposed phased array reduces the number of phase shifter devices in CRA for a scanning range of ±25° in the elevation plane. Differential evolution (DE) was applied to optimize the amplitudes of the proposed system. Several design cases were analyzed using full-wave simulation results to verify the phased array model and to take mutual coupling into account. Full-wave simulation results provide radiation patterns with low SLL in all scanning directions. The proposed phased array was validated by experimental measurements of the full antenna system prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Sanchez
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Marco A. Panduro
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico
| | - David H. Covarrubias
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Alberto Reyna
- Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, UAMRR-R, Carretera Reynosa-San Fernando, Reynosa 88779, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Elizvan Juárez
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico
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Juárez E, Panduro MA, Covarrubias DH, Reyna A. Coherently Radiating Periodic Structures to Reduce the Number of Phase Shifters in a 2-D Phased Array. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21196592. [PMID: 34640912 PMCID: PMC8512703 DOI: 10.3390/s21196592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This paper illustrates the application of CORPS (coherently radiating periodic structures) for feeding 2-D phased arrays with a reduced number of phase shifter (PS) devices. Three design configurations using CORPS are proposed for 2-D phased arrays. The design model of phased array for these configurations considers the cophasal excitation required for this structure to set a strategic way for feeding the antenna elements and reducing the number of PS devices. Blocks of 2 × 3 and 4 × 7 CORPS networks depending on the configuration in the 2-D phased array are set strategically in the feeding network to generate the cophasal excitation required in the antenna elements. These design configurations used for feeding the antenna elements in the planar array geometry provide several advantages with respect to others in the scanning capability and the reduction of the number of PS devices of the array system. The full-wave simulation results for the proposed configurations in 2-D phased arrays provide a reduction in the number of PSs of until 69% for a scanning range of ±25° in elevation and ±40° in azimuth. The application of the raised cosine amplitude distribution could generate radiation patterns with a SLL_PEAK ≈ −19 dB and SLL_PEAK ≈ −23 dB for the design proposed configurations in all the scanning range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizvan Juárez
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Mexico; (E.J.); (D.H.C.)
| | - Marco A. Panduro
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Mexico; (E.J.); (D.H.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - David H. Covarrubias
- CICESE Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Department, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, Ensenada 22860, Mexico; (E.J.); (D.H.C.)
| | - Alberto Reyna
- UAMRR-R, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Carretera Reynosa-San Fernando, Reynosa 88779, Tamaulipas, Mexico;
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Barrientos OM, Juárez E, Gonzalez Y, Castro-Villeda DA, Torres M, Guzmán-Beltrán S. Loperamide exerts a direct bactericidal effect against M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. terrae and M. smegmatis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 72:351-356. [PMID: 33220096 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is highly prevalent, characterized by the constant occurrence of drug-resistant cases, and confounded by the incidence of respiratory disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTB). Expanding the spectrum of drugs for the treatment of TB is indispensable. Loperamide, an antidiarrhoeal drug, enhances immune-driven antimycobacterial activity, and we aimed to evaluate its bactericidal activity against M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Mycobacterium terrae and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Loperamide exhibited an inhibitory effect against all mycobacterial species tested, with MICs of 100 and 150 μg ml-1 . Thus, loperamide is a mycobactericidal drug with potential as adjunctive therapy for TB and NTB infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Barrientos
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
| | - E Juárez
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
| | - Y Gonzalez
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
| | - D A Castro-Villeda
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
| | - M Torres
- Subdireccion de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
| | - S Guzmán-Beltrán
- Departamento de Investigación en Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, México City, México
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Bolaños L, Espinoza A, Alfaro A, Barron E, Juárez E, Berumen Campos J. Glycolytic enzymes lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and phosphofructokinase P (PFKP) are good biomarkers of survival and potential therapeutic targets in cervical cancer. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy314.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Carvajal Sandoval G, Juárez E, Ramos Martínez G, Carvajal Juárez ME, Medina-Santillán R. Inhibition of hemoglobin glycation with glycine in induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 2000; 42:35-6. [PMID: 10697682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Carvajal Sandoval
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F
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Carvajal Sandoval G, Medina Santillán R, Juárez E, RamosMartínez G, Carvajal Juárez ME. Effect of glycine on hemoglobin glycation in diabetic patients. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 1999; 42:31-2. [PMID: 10697680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Carvajal Sandoval
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, D.F
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Orden B, Juárez E, Martínez R, Franco A. [Viability of Streptococcus pyogenes on culture swabs]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1997; 15:277-8. [PMID: 9376393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Orden B, Juárez E, Díaz J, Franco A. [Isolation of group C beta-hemolytic streptococcus and Streptococcus pyogenes from a case of acute tonsillitis]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1994; 12:108-9. [PMID: 8011705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
The performance of a colour test (Wellcolex) for rapid detection of the most frequently isolated O serogroups of salmonella (A, B, C, D, E/G) and the Vi antigen was evaluated using colonies grown on enteric differential agar media and in selenite broth. The test had excellent sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%) with colonies taken directly from primary culture plates. Initial tests in selenite broth showed limited sensitivity (62.1%) but by using high quality media and modifying the inoculation procedure, sensitivity was greatly improved (99%).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Orden
- Sección de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de la Salud, Madrid, Spain
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Pardo R, Juárez E, Moreno P, Martínez JI, Cano I, Otero JR, Cruz Vigo F. [Incidence of pseudo-appendicitis syndrome caused by Yersinia enterocolitica]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1992; 10:242-3. [PMID: 1606234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Salto E, Juárez E, Roiz MP, Abad J. [Combined chemotherapy (mebendazole plus praziquantel) in patients with hydatidosis]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1991; 9:527-9. [PMID: 1822703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In February 1989 we began a combined treatment with mebendazole (3 g/day for 30 days) and praziquantel (1.8 g/day for 15 days) with variable rest periods, in a patients with hydatid disease who had been previously unsuccessful treated only with mebendazole. All the patients were monitored with serological techniques and radiography. Generally the treatment was without side-effects. According to radiography results, there was a reduction in the size of the cyst in 5 patients, in 2 there was no change and 1 patient, the cyst continued to increase in size. Results suggest that the combination of mebendazole more praziquantel could be a pharmacological alternative in the medical treatment of hydatid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Salto
- Servicios de Microbiología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid
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Juárez E, Sanz F, Palancar PM, Noriega AR. [Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans causing subacute endocarditis]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1989; 7:397-8. [PMID: 2490473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Leticia Figueroa C, Juárez E, Moreno A, Pérez Martin J, Fuentes V, Ortega Gómez H, Villalobos F. [Scleredema adultorum. Report of a clinical case]. Alergia 1980; 27:45-50. [PMID: 7435884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Juárez E, de Castro e Silva EP, Zucas SM. [Markin Triatoma infestans eggs with various dyes]. Rev Saude Publica 1971; 5:291-3. [PMID: 4945551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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