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Kang YJ, Oh SJ, Bae SY, Kim EK, Lee YJ, Park EH, Jeong J, Park HK, Suh YJ, Kim YS. Predictive biological factors for late survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11008. [PMID: 37420033 PMCID: PMC10328940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38200-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) enriched subtype of breast cancer is associated with early recurrence, mostly within 5 years. However, anti-HER2 therapies have improved outcomes and their benefits persist in the long term. This study aimed to determine predictive factors for late survival in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. We analyzed 20,672 patients with HER2-positive stage I-III breast cancer. The patients were divided into two groups based on a follow-up period of 60 months. The multivariate analysis of factors associated with poor overall survival included old age, advanced pathologic tumor size stage (pT), advanced pathologic regional lymph node stage (pN), high histological grade, presence of lymphatic and vascular invasion, and HR-negative status within 60 months. In the breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of the > 60 months follow-up group, the hazard ratios (HRa) based on pN-negative were 3.038, 3.722, and 4.877 in pN1 (p = 0.001), pN2 (p < 0.001), and pN3 (p < 0.001), respectively. Only pT4 level was statistically significant in the pT group (HRa, 4.528; p = 0.007). Age (HRa, 1.045, p < 0.001) and hormone receptor-positive status (HRa, 1.705, p = 0.022) were also associated to worse BCSS. Although lymphatic invasion was not significantly associated with BCSS, there was a tendency toward a relationship (p = 0.079) with worse BCSS. In HER2-positive breast cancer patients, node status had a more significant relationship with long-term prognosis than T stage. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who have T4 or node-positive should be considered for clinical observation and education beyond 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Kang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jeong Oh
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youn Bae
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Breast Care Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Park
- Department of Surgery Breast Cancer Center, Gil Medical Center of Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Suh
- Division of Breast and Thyroid Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 271, Cheonbo-ro, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, 11765, Republic of Korea.
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Choi JE, Kim Z, Park CS, Park EH, Lee SB, Lee SK, Choi YJ, Han J, Jung KW, Kim HJ, Kim HA. Breast Cancer Statistics in Korea, 2019. J Breast Cancer 2023; 26:207-220. [PMID: 37387348 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2023.26.e27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This article provides an annual update of Korean breast cancer statistics, including the incidence, tumor stage, type of surgical treatment, and mortality. The data was collected from the Korean Breast Cancer Society registry system and Korean Central Cancer Registry. In 2019, 29,729 women were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast cancer has continued to increase in incidence since 2002 and been the most common cancer in Korean women since 2019. Of the newly diagnosed cases in 2019, 24,820 (83.5%) were of invasive carcinomas, and 4,909 (16.5%) were of carcinoma in situ. The median age of women with breast cancer was 52.8 years, and breast cancer was most commonly diagnosed in the age group of 40-49 years. The number of patients who have undergone breast conserving surgery has continued to increase since 2016, with 68.6% of patients undergoing breast conserving surgery in 2019. The incidence of early-stage breast cancer continues to increase, with stage 0 or I breast cancer accounting for 61.6% of cases. The most common subtype of breast cancer is the hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative subtype (63.1%). The 5-year relative survival rate of patients with breast cancer from 2015 to 2019 was 93.6%, with an increase of 14.3% compared to that from 1993 to 1995. This report improves our understanding of breast cancer characteristics in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Zisun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Chan Sub Park
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sae Byul Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Kyung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jaihong Han
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Jung
- The Korea Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
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Kangleon-Tan HL, Sim J, You JY, Lee ES, Lee H, Yang SM, Seong MK, Park EH, Nam SJ, Park MH, Lee S, Park WC, Kangleon RG, Dy CB, Bae SY, Jung SP. Omission of chemotherapy for hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer: patterns of treatment and outcomes from the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry. Ann Surg Treat Res 2022; 103:313-322. [PMID: 36601341 PMCID: PMC9763778 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2022.103.6.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although adjuvant chemotherapy (CTx) is still recommended for high-risk patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal receptor (HER)-2-negative breast cancer, recent studies found that selected patients with low disease burden may be spared from CTx and receive hormonal treatment (HT) alone. This study aims to evaluate the trends of treatment (CTx + HT vs. HT alone) in Korea and to assess the impact on overall survival (OS) according to treatment pattern. Methods The Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry was queried (2000 to 2018) for women with pT1-2N0-1 hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative disease who underwent surgery and adjuvant systemic treatment (CTx and HT). Clinicopathologic factors, change in pattern of treatment over time, and OS for each treatment option were analyzed. Results A total of 40,938 women were included in the study; 20,880 (51.0%) received CTx + HT, while 20,058 (49.0%) received HT only. In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the use of HT alone, from 21.0% (2000) to 64.6% (2018). In Cox regression analysis, age, type of breast and axillary operations, T and N stages, body mass index, histologic grade, and presence of lymphovascular invasion were prognostic indicators for OS. There was no significant difference between CTx + HT and HT alone in terms of OS (P = 0.126). Conclusion Over the years, there has been a shift from CTx + HT to HT alone without a significant difference in OS. Therefore, HT alone could be a safe treatment option in selected patients, even those with T2N1 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jongmin Sim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young You
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Shin Lee
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haemin Lee
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Moon Yang
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Ki Seong
- Department of Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Seokwon Lee
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Woo-Chan Park
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Crisostomo B. Dy
- Department of Surgery, Chong Hua Hospital-Cebu, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Soo Youn Bae
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Pil Jung
- Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cha YJ, Park EH. The Usefulness of Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in Breast Lesions. JSU 2022. [DOI: 10.46268/jsu.2022.9.2.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Cha
- Division of Breast, Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Division of Breast, Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Ha YJ, Ji E, Lee JH, Kim JH, Park EH, Chung SW, Chang SH, Yoo JJ, Kang EH, Ahn S, Song YW, Lee YJ. High Estimated 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Related to Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:581-589. [PMID: 35718867 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1804-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High salt intake results in various harmful effects on human health including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and reduced bone density. Despite this, there are very few studies in the literature that have investigated the association between sodium intake and osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we aimed to explore these associations in a Korean population. METHODS This study used cross-sectional data from adult subjects aged 50-75 years from two consecutive periods of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-VII (2010-2011 and 2014-2016). The estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (24HUNa) was used as a surrogate marker of salt intake. In the 2010-2011 dataset, knee OA (KOA) was defined as the presence of the radiographic features of OA and knee pain. The association between KOA and salt intake was analysed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods. For the sensitivity analysis, the same procedures were conducted on subjects with self-reported OA (SR-OA) with knee pain in the 2010-2011 dataset and any site SR-OA in the 2014-2016 dataset. RESULTS Subjects with KOA had significantly lower energy intake, but higher 24HUNa than those without KOA. The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a J-shaped distribution between 24HUNa and prevalent KOA. When 24HUNa was stratified into five groups (<2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5 and ≥5 g/day), subjects with high sodium intake (≥5 g/day) had a higher risk of KOA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-2.62) compared to the reference group (3-4 g/day) after adjusting for covariates. The sensitivity analysis based on SR-OA with knee pain showed that high sodium intake was also significantly associated with increased prevalence of OA (OR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.10-3.10) compared with the reference group. Regarding SR-OA at any site in the 2014-2016 dataset, estimated 24HUNa showed a significantly positive association with the presence of SR-OA after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide Korean representative study showed a significant association between symptomatic KOA and high sodium intake (≥5 g/day). Avoidance of a diet high in salt might be beneficial as a non-pharmacologic therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Ha
- Yun Jong Lee, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beongil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea, Tel.: +82-31-787-7049, Fax.: +82-31-787-4051, E-mail:
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Ryu JM, Choi HJ, Park EH, Kim JY, Lee YJ, Park S, Lee J, Park HK, Nam SJ, Kim SW, Lee JH, Lee JE. Relationship Between Breast and Axillary Pathologic Complete Response According to Clinical Nodal Stage: A Nationwide Study From Korean Breast Cancer Society. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:94-105. [PMID: 35506578 PMCID: PMC9065358 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We evaluated the relationship between breast pathologic complete response (BpCR) and axillary pathologic complete response (ApCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) according to nodal burden at presentation. As the indications for NACT have expanded, clinicians have started clinical trials for the omission of surgery from the treatment plan in patients with excellent responses to NACT. However, the appropriate indications for axillary surgery omission after excellent NACT response remain unclear. Methods Data were collected from patients in the Korean Breast Cancer Society Registry who underwent NACT followed by surgery between 2010 and 2020. We analyzed pathologic axillary nodal positivity after NACT according to BpCR stratified by tumor subtype in patients with cT1-3/N0-2 disease at diagnosis. Results A total of 6,597 patients were identified. Regarding cT stage, 528 (9.5%), 3,778 (67.8%), and 1,268 (22.7%) patients had cT1, cT2, and cT3 disease, respectively. Regarding cN stage, 1,539 (27.7%), 2,976 (53.6%), and 1,036 (18.7%) patients had cN0, cN1, and cN2 disease, respectively. BpCR occurred in 21.6% (n = 1,427) of patients, while ApCR and pathologic complete response (ypCR) occurred in 59.7% (n = 3,929) and ypCR 19.4% (n = 1,285) of patients, respectively. The distribution of biologic subtypes included 2,329 (39.3%) patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative disease, 1,122 (18.9%) with HR-positive/HER2-positive disease, 405 (6.8%) with HR-negative/HER2-positive disease, and 2,072 (35.0%) with triple-negative breast cancer . Among the patients with BpCR, 89.6% (1,122/1,252) had ApCR. Of those with cN0 disease, most (99.0%, 301/304) showed ApCR. Among patients with cN1-2 disease, 86.6% (821/948) had ApCR. Conclusion BpCR was highly correlated with ApCR after NACT. In patients with cN0 and BpCR, the risk of missing axillary nodal metastasis was low after NACT. Further research on axillary surgery omission in patients with cN0 disease is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Min Ryu
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young Joo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seho Park
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Park
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Eon Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho E, Lee JH, Park EH, Byun KD, Roh MS, Baek HJ, Ryu KH. Silicone-induced lymphadenopathy mimicking recurrence of breast cancer on positron emission tomography-computed tomography, correctly diagnosed on ultrasound. J Clin Ultrasound 2021; 49:610-613. [PMID: 33782976 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicone-induced lymphadenopathy is a rare complication associated with silicone breast implants. It is usually asymptomatic and found incidentally during imaging. We report a case of silicone lymphadenopathy in a patient who had undergone a mastectomy and breast reconstruction for breast cancer. During follow-up, a positron emission tomography-computed tomography examination revealed lymph nodes that were suspicious for cancer recurrence. However, sonography was able to correctly diagnose silicone-induced lymphadenopathy and exclude cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kyung Do Byun
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Mee Sook Roh
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Baek
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Hwa Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Korea
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Shin A, Park EH, Dong YH, Ha YJ, Lee YJ, Lee EB, Song YW, Kang EH. Comparative risk of osteoporotic fracture among patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving TNF inhibitors versus other biologics: a cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2131-2139. [PMID: 32514765 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this population-based cohort study on comparative osteoporotic fracture risks between different biologic disease-modifying drugs among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we did not find a significant difference in the risk of osteoporotic fractures between RA patients receiving TNF inhibitors versus abatacept or tocilizumab. INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate the comparative risk of osteoporotic fractures between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who initiated TNF inhibitors (TNFis) versus abatacept or tocilizumab. METHODS Using the Korea National Health Insurance Service datasets from 2002 to 2016, RA patients who initiated TNFis, abatacept, or tocilizumab were identified. The primary outcome was a composite end point of non-vertebral fractures and hospitalized vertebral fractures; secondary outcomes were two components of the primary outcome and fractures occurring at the humerus/forearm. Propensity score (PS) matching with a variable ratio up to 10 TNFi initiators per 1 comparator drug initiator was used to adjust for > 50 baseline confounders. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of fractures comparing TNFi initiators to abatacept and to tocilizumab by Cox proportional hazard models stratified by a matching ratio. RESULTS After PS-matching, 2307 TNFi initiators PS-matched on 588 abatacept initiators, and 2462 TNFi initiators on 640 tocilizumab initiators were included. A total of 77 fractures occurred during a mean follow-up of 454 days among TNFi and abatacept initiators and 83 fractures during 461 days among TNFi and tocilizumab initiators. The PS-matched HR (95% CI) was 0.91 (0.48-1.71) comparing TNFi versus abatacept initiators, and 1.00 (0.55-1.83) comparing TNFi versus tocilizumab initiators. Analysis on vertebral and non-vertebral fractures showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS In this nationally representative cohort, we did not find a significant difference in the risk of fractures between TNFi initiators versus abatacept or tocilizumab among RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shin
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - E H Park
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Y-H Dong
- Faculty of Pharmacy School of Pharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-J Ha
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - E B Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y W Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - E H Kang
- Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Cho E, Lee JH, Park EH, Byun KD. Ultrasound surveillance on detection of nonpalpable supraclavicular recurrence after breast cancer surgery. Med Ultrason 2020; 22:171-177. [PMID: 32399524 DOI: 10.11152/mu-2268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the clinical utility of supraclavicular scanning for locoregional lymph node (LN) assessment in postoperative screening surveillance using ultrasonography (US) in patients who underwent breast cancer surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS From July 2004 to February 2019, 280 suspicious findings for locoregional recurrence in the lymph node (LRL) on postoperative screening US were detected in 266 asymptomatic patients who underwent breast cancer surgery. Suspicious features of LRL on US included the marked hypoechogenicity, round or irregular shape, eccentric cortical thickening and replacement of the fatty hilum of the LNs. The bilateral breasts, including mastectomy sites, bilateral axillae, internal mammary areas and supraclavicular areas, were included in the scan range of postoperative US. RESULTS Of 280 LNs with suspicious findings for LRL, LRL of supraclavicular LNs was confirmed in 24 LNs according to cytopathology results. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that higher overall staging of primary breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] 2.361 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.302-4.282]; p=0.005), higher N staging of primary breast cancer (OR 3.086 [95% CI 1.479-6.441]; p=0.003), older patient age (OR 1.060 [95% CI 1.026-1.095]; p<0.001) and breast-conserving surgery (OR 2.253 [95% CI 1.184-4.289]; p=0.013) were independently associated with LRL of supraclavicular LNs. Tumor size, nuclear grade, histological type, hormonal receptor status of the primary cancer, and bilateral cancer were not associated with LRL (p=0.216, p=0.205, p=0.789, p=0.899, and p=0.900, respectively). CONCLUSION Routine supraclavicular scanning in postoperative screening surveillance using US in breast cancer patients with higher staging could be useful for the detection of LRL of supraclavicular LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Cho
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
| | - Jin Hwa Lee
- Department of Radiology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Do Byun
- Department of Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
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Park EH, Moon SW, Suh HR, Hochman S, Lee MG, Kim YI, Jang IT, Han HC. Disc degeneration induces a mechano-sensitization of disc afferent nerve fibers that associates with low back pain. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1608-1617. [PMID: 31326554 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate mechano-sensitivity at the afferent nerve fibers projecting to degenerated intervertebral disc (IVD) and nociceptive behaviour in a rat model of low back pain (LBP). DESIGN Animal model with LBP was established by lumbar 4/5 IVD puncture and nucleus pulposus aspiration. In vivo single nerve recordings (n = 121) were introduced to measure discharge frequency at the afferent nerve fiber innervating the IVD during mechanical stimulations (von Frey filament or intradiscal pressure). Nerve growth factor (NGF) expression levels in the IVD (n = 20) were assessed by Western blot. LBP-related behaviour (n = 22) was assessed by measuring changes in rearing, mechanical paw-withdrawal threshold, and dynamic weight bearing in a freely walking rat. Inhibitory effect of morphine on the neuronal excitability (n = 19) and painful behaviour (n = 28) was also assessed. RESULTS Compared to those with sham or naïve IVD, animal group with degenerated IVD displayed the sensitized neuronal responses and painful behaviour, with hyperexcitability of the afferent nerve fibers in any range of mechanical stimulations (von Frey filament stimulation; 1, 2, and 26 g; intradiscal pressure, 1,500-3,000 mm Hg), strong upregulation of NGF (200-250 % increase), and LBP-like behaviour such as failure of rearing, front limbs-dependent walking pattern, and hypersensitivity in hind-paws. However, the neuronal hyperexcitability and pain behaviour were attenuated after local (30 μM) or systemic (3 mg kg-1) morphine administration. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that enhanced mechano-sensitivity at the afferent nerve fiber innervating degenerated IVD is deeply correlated with LBP development, which supports the hypothesis that hyperexcited responses at the nerve fibers represent a decisive source of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S W Moon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H R Suh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Hochman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - M-G Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y I Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - I T Jang
- Nanoori Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H C Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Neuroscience Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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11
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Park EH, Min SY, Kim Z, Yoon CS, Jung KW, Nam SJ, Oh SJ, Lee S, Park BW, Lim W, Hur MH. Basic Facts of Breast Cancer in Korea in 2014: The 10-Year Overall Survival Progress. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:1-11. [PMID: 28382089 PMCID: PMC5378568 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We, the Korean Breast Cancer Society (KBCS), present the facts and the trends of breast cancer in Korea in 2014. Data on the total number of newly diagnosed patients was obtained from the Korea Central Cancer Registry database, other data were collected from the KBCS online registry database, and the overall survival data of patients were updated from Statistics Korea. A total of 21,484 female patients were newly diagnosed with breast cancer in 2014. The crude incidence rate and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of breast cancer in female patients, including carcinoma in situ, were 83.4 cases and 63.9 cases per 100,000 women, respectively. The ASR showed an annual increase of 6.1% from 1999 to 2014; however, although the increase of the ASR had slowed since 2008, the incidence rate itself continuously increased. The proportion of early breast cancer increased consistently, and the pathological features changed accordingly. While breast-conserving surgery was mainly performed, the proportion of total mastectomy was slightly increased. The total number of breast reconstruction surgeries increased rapidly. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates for all stages of breast cancer patients were 91.2% and 84.8%, respectively. The overall survival rate of Korean patients with breast cancer was extremely high, compared with other developed countries. Thus, we consider that the clinical characteristics of breast cancer have changed over the past decade. A nationwide registry data will contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics of breast cancer in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Sun Young Min
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zisun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Chan Seok Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Jung
- The Korea Central Cancer Registry, Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Nam
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Jeong Oh
- Department of Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seeyoun Lee
- Center for Breast Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Byeong-Woo Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woosung Lim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hee Hur
- Department of Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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Kwak JY, Park EH, Park CS, Kim JH, Han MS, Kwak JH. Uncomplicated jejunal diverticulosis with pneumoperitoneum. Ann Surg Treat Res 2016; 90:346-9. [PMID: 27274511 PMCID: PMC4891526 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2016.90.6.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Small bowel diverticulosis is a rare finding within all bowel diverticuloses and jejunal diverticulosis is even rarer. Their relative clinical rarity and varied presentation may make diagnosis both delayed and difficult. We experienced a case of jejunal diverticulosis, which was diagnosed intraoperatively. A 55-year-old woman was admitted to Emergency Department with pneumoperitoneum on plain chest and abdominal film from a local clinic. She was hemodynamically stable with minimal tenderness on the left upper quadrant of the abdomen but no rebound tenderness. At surgery, small bowel torsion and jejunal diverticulosis were confirmed. Over 30 variable sized small bowel diverticula were noted on the mesenteric side of the proximal jejunum. The affected segment of the jejunum was about 180 cm. On exploration, we could not find any perforation site. No postoperative complications were observed, and the patient made a full recovery. Jejunal diverticulosis is rare, but it should not be regarded as insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Kwak
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Cheon Soo Park
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Myeong Sik Han
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kwak
- Department of Surgery, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
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Kwak JH, Park JY, Lee D, Kwak JY, Park EH, Kim KH, Park HJ, Kim HY, Jang HJ, Ham J, Hwang GS, Yamabe N, Kang KS. Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 24:5409-12. [PMID: 25453798 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Because of poor prognosis, clinical treatment of triple-negative (TN) breast cancer remains the most challenging factor in cancer treatment. Extensive research into alternative cancer therapies includes studying the naturopathic effects of the medicinal herb ginseng. This study investigates the anti-neoplastic properties of ginseng sapogenins and the derivatives: (1) (20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), (2) 20(S)-protopanaxatriol), (3) (20(S)-dihydroprotopanaxadiol, and (4) 20(S)-dihydroprotopanaxatriol). These compounds were found to prevent the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. PPD was the most potent inhibitor, exhibiting an IC₅₀ (5.87 μM) comparable to that of the chemotherapeutic drug taxol. Furthermore, PPD induced dose-dependent cleavage of caspase-8, caspase-3, and PARP in MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, we propose that PPD acts as anti-cancer agent by stimulating caspase-dependent apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
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Abstract
The cation channel of sperm (CatSper) protein family plays important roles in male reproduction and infertility. The four members of this family are expressed exclusively in the testis and are localized differently in sperm. To investigate the effects of Panax ginseng treatment on the expression of CatSper genes and sperm hyperactivation in male mice, sperm motility and CatSper gene expression were assessed using a computer-assisted semen analysis system, a Fluoroskan Ascent microplate fluorometer to assess Ca2+ influx, real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results suggested that the Ca2+ levels of sperm cells treated with P. ginseng were increased significantly compared with the normal group. The P. ginseng-treated groups showed increased sperm motility parameters, such as the curvilinear velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement. Taken together, the data suggest that CatSper messenger ribonucleic acid levels were increased significantly in mouse testes in the P. ginseng-treated group, as was the protein level, with the exception of CatSper2. In conclusion, P. ginseng plays an important role in improving sperm hyperactivation via CatSper gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mun Seog Chang
- Department of Prescriptionology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee Unversity, Seoul, Korea
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Yang WM, Park SY, Kim HM, Park EH, Park SK, Chang MS. Effects of Panax ginseng
on glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression and spermatogenesis in rats. Phytother Res 2011; 25:308-11. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Kim TH, Lee JY, Lee HM, Lee SH, Cho WS, Ju YH, Park EH, Kim KW, Lee SH. Remodelling of nasal mucosa in mild and severe persistent allergic rhinitis with special reference to the distribution of collagen, proteoglycans, and lymphatic vessels. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 40:1742-54. [PMID: 20860724 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans (decorin, biglycan, and lumican), collagen, and lymphangiogenesis are involved in tissue remodelling of various organs with inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE We determined the expression level and the distribution pattern of small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans (decorin, biglycan, and lumican), collagen and lymphatic vessels in healthy, mild, and severe persistent allergic nasal mucosa. METHODS The distribution pattern of collagen, proteoglycans, and lymphatic vessels in healthy, mild, and severe persistent allergic nasal mucosa was evaluated by the van Gieson staining, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western blotting. Quantitative analyses of collagen deposition were calculated as the median of the total percentage area in the tissue specimen. For the evaluation of proteoglycans, the percentage area stained and median optical density were measured for each image. Lymphatic vessels were identified by D2-40 antibody and calculated using the lymphatic vessel density and endothelial length density in tissue specimens. The expression of MMP 2 and 9, TIMP1 and 2 was evaluated with RT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS In mild and severe persistent allergic nasal mucosa, compared with healthy nasal mucosa, collagen showed more intense staining in the superficial and submucosal layer. In healthy and allergic nasal mucosa, decorin was lightly stained without significant differences in the percentage area and optical density of staining. However, lumican and biglycan showed strong immunoreactivity in mild and severe persistent allergic nasal mucosa, which was verified by Western blotting. The number and endothelial length density of lymphatic vessels were increased in mild and severe persistent allergic nasal mucosa compared with healthy nasal mucosa. The expression of MMP 9 was increased in severe persistent allergic rhinitis. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results suggest that the altered distribution pattern of collagen, proteoglycans, and lymphatic vessels could potentially modulate the remodelling of nasal mucosa in mild and severe persistent allergic nasal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park EH, Park EH, Cho IR, Srisuttee R, Min HJ, Oh MJ, Jeong YJ, Jhun BH, Johnston RN, Lee S, Koh SS, Chung YH. CUG2, a novel oncogene confers reoviral replication through Ras and p38 signaling pathway. Cancer Gene Ther 2010; 17:307-14. [PMID: 20075984 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2009.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As we have recently found a novel oncogene, the cancer-upregulated gene 2 (CUG2), which was elevated in a variety of tumor tissues such as the ovary, liver, lung and pancreas, we examined whether reovirus could efficiently induce cytolysis in cancer cells expressing CUG2 and thus be used as a potential cancer therapeutic agent. In this study, we describe experiments in which we use reovirus to treat NIH3T3 cells stably expressing either CUG2 (NIH-CUG2) or vector only (NIH-Vec). NIH-CUG2 cells readily support reoviral proliferation and undergo apoptosis, whereas NIH-Vec cells are highly resistant to reoviral infection and virus-induced apoptosis. This notable result may be explained by the observation that CUG2 expression inhibits PKR activation, leading to reoviral proliferation in nonpermissive NIH3T3 cells. Furthermore, reovirus infection results in almost complete regression of tumorgenic NIH-CUG2 cells in transplanted nude mice. As we found that CUG2 enhances activation of MAPK (ERK, JNK and p38), Src kinase and Ras, we examined whether CUG2 confers reoviral replication independent of the Ras or p38 MAPK signaling pathway. From these experiments we found that either inhibition of p38 MAPK or Ras blocks reoviral proliferation even in the presence of CUG2 but inhibition of ERK, JNK and Src kinase does not, indicating that activation of p38 MAPK and Ras has critical roles in reoviral replication in CUG2-expressing tumor cells. Accordingly, we propose that reovirus can be useful in the treatment of transformed cells expressing CUG2, which is commonly detected in various tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-H Park
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, BK21 Nanofusion Technology Team, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
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Lee Y, Kim SJ, Park HD, Park EH, Huang SM, Jeon SB, Kim JM, Lim DS, Koh SS. PAUF functions in the metastasis of human pancreatic cancer cells and upregulates CXCR4 expression. Oncogene 2009; 29:56-67. [PMID: 19784070 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by early metastatic spread, but the process of tumor cell dissemination is largely unknown. In this study we show that the soluble protein pancreatic adenocarcinoma upregulated factor (PAUF) has an important role in the metastasis and progression of the disease. Variations in the level of PAUF, either by overexpression or knockdown, resulted in altered migration, invasion and proliferation capacity of pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, depletion of PAUF in metastatic cells dramatically abrogated the spread of the cells to distant organs in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. PAUF elicited the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and AKT intracellular signaling cascades and consequently their downstream transcription factors in an autocrine manner. Genome-wide expression analysis revealed that C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) expression was induced by PAUF overexpression but was repressed by PAUF knockdown. The PAUF-mediated increase in cancer cell motility was attenuated by the CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3100, or by anti-CXCR4 antibody. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of pancreatic tumor tissues clearly showed a significant positive correlation between PAUF and CXCR4 expression. Collectively, these findings indicate that PAUF enhances the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells, at least in part, by upregulating CXCR4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- National Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
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Kim HJ, Lee JS, Park EH, Lim WS, Sei JY, Koh BS, Son BH, Ahn JH, Jeong KH, Kim SB, Ahn SH. Short term results from GHRH analogue use in pre-menopausal breast cancer in Korea. Eur J Surg Oncol 2009; 35:936-41. [PMID: 19269125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2009.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormone receptor-positive, pre-menopausal breast cancer patients can be treated by chemotherapy and/or ovarian suppression therapy. We reported our experience of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue plus tamoxifen (GnRHa+T) or adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by tamoxifen (AC-->T) in pre-menopausal women with hormone-response, node-negative breast cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of 587 pre-menopausal women with hormone-responsive, node-negative breast cancer. Of these, 269 were treated with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by tamoxifen (AC-->T), and 318 were treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue plus tamoxifen (GnRHa+T). Among them, 151 patients were treated by goserelin acetate 3.6 mg/kg and 125 patients were treated by leuprorelin acetate 3.75 mg/kg every 28 days subcutaneously. FINDINGS At a median follow-up time of 30 months, eight patients had relapsed and three had died. DFS did not differ between the AC-->T and GnRHa+T groups. Of the three deaths, two were not related to breast cancer. The third patient, in the AC-->T group, died because of brain metastasis. GnRHa+T treatment had no effect on blood profile and did not cause the development of detrimental symptoms but decreased bone mineral density. The efficacy of leuprorelin was similar to that of goserelin. INTERPRETATION GnRHa+T treatment can be an alternative treatment option in pre-menopausal women with endocrine-responsive, node-negative, breast cancer patients. The efficacy and tolerability of leuprorelin were similar to that of goserelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, 388 Songpa-gu, Poongnap2-dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim KH, Lee SG, Park EH, Hwang S, Ahn CS, Moon DB, Ha TY, Song GW, Jung DH, Kim KM, Lim YS, Lee HC, Chung YH, Lee YS, Suh DJ. Surgical treatments and prognoses of patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16:623-9. [PMID: 19130133 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-008-0278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma is a very rare form of primary liver cancer containing components of both tumor types. We evaluated the effectiveness of surgical treatment and factors related to survival and recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS Of the 2427 patients who underwent hepatectomy or liver transplantation because of a primary hepatic malignancy from January 1989 to July 2006 at the Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, 29 had hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma as a single mixed or transitional tumor. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Disease-free survival rates at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years were 51.1%, 38.3%, and 25.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that CA 19-9 above 37 U/ml was predictive of low overall survival (P= .03) and that TNM stage was significantly associated with disease-free survival (P= .04). CONCLUSIONS Patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma had poor postoperative survival rates. High CA 19-9 level was associated with poorer survival, suggesting that the cholangiocarcinoma portion may be a major determining factor for patient prognosis. Aggressive surgical treatment, including lymph node dissection, may improve survival in patients suspected of or diagnosed with these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hun Kim
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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21
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Yi OV, Lee JW, Kim HJ, Lim WS, Park EH, Lee JS, Son BH, Gong G, Ahn SD, Ahn SH. Risk Factors of Local Recurrence after Breast Conserving Therapy in Invasive Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2009. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2009.12.4.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- On Vox Yi
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Sung Lim
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Sun Lee
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyungyub Gong
- Depatment of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Do Ahn
- Depatment of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Depatment of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Park W, Chang MS, Kim H, Choi HY, Yang WM, Kim DR, Park EH, Park SK. Cytotoxic effect of gallic acid on testicular cell lines with increasing H2O2 level in GC-1 spg cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22:159-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2006] [Revised: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 08/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Chung MS, Yoon HS, Son BH, Lee JS, Kim HJ, Park EH, Ahn SH, Lee TJ, Eom JS, Choi HS, Kwak BS. The Efficacy of Enoxaparin for the Prevention of a Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Skin-sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Reconstruction in Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2008. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2008.11.3.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Chung
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Sung Yoon
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tack Jong Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Sup Eom
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Choi
- Department of Pulmonology, College of Medicine Dongguk University Pohang Hospital, Pohang, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Kwak
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine Dongguk University International Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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Lee JS, Min WK, Park EH, Lim WS, Choi SL, Son BH, Kim SB, Ahn JH, Ahn SH. Correlation between the Her-2/neu Status as Determined by Immunohistochemical Analysis and the Serum Her-2/neu Concentration as Determined by the Use of ADVIA Cencaur® Automated Immunoassay in Breast Cancer Patients. J Breast Cancer 2008. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2008.11.3.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ki Min
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Lim Choi
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Ho Son
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Ahn
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim HJ, Lee JS, Park EH, Choi SL, Lim WS, Chang MA, Ku BK, Gong GY, Son BH, Ahn SH. Sentinel node biopsy in patients with multiple breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 109:503-6. [PMID: 17661171 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-007-9674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multicentric or multifocal breast cancer is considered a limitation for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Studies showing that all quadrants of the breast drain via common afferent lymphatic channels indicate that multiple tumors do not affect lymphatic drainage. We therefore assessed the accuracy of SLNB in patients with multiple breast tumors. METHODS Of the 942 breast cancer patients who underwent SLNB using radioisotope at Asan Medical Center between January 2003 and December 2006, 803 had unifocal and 139 had multiple tumors. Axillary dissection after SLNB was performed on 884 patients, 757 with unifocal and 127 with multiple tumors. All patients underwent lymphatic scintigram for removal of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). The clinical characteristics and accuracy of SLNB was compared in patients with unifocal and multiple breast cancer. RESULTS In the multiple tumor group, 2.68 +/- 0.84 SLNs were identified in 136 of 139 patients (identification rate, 97.84%); 81.5% of SLNs were identified by scintigram. The incidence of axillary metastases was 29.50% (41/139). SLNB accuracy was 97.63% (124/127), with a false negative (FN) rate of 7.89% (3/38). In the unifocal group, 2.67 +/- 0.96 SLNs were identified in 787 of 803 patients (identification rate, 98.00%); 84.8% of SLNs were identified by scintigram. The incidence of axillary metastasis was 22.04% (177/803). SLNB accuracy was 98.02% (742/757), with a FN rate of 8.62% (15/174). The accuracy and FN rate of SLNB did not differ significantly between unifocal and multiple breast cancer. CONCLUSION The accuracy of SLNB in multiple breast cancer is comparable to its accuracy in unifocal cancer. These findings indicate that SLNB can be used an as alternative to complete axillary lymph node dissection in patients with multiple breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jeong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 388 pung nap dong, song pa gu, Seoul, Korea.
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder Na+ and H2O absorption are increased prior to gallstone formation and may promote cholesterol nucleation. Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) isoforms NHE2 and NHE3 are involved in gallbladder Na+ transport in prairie dogs. We examined whether increased gallbladder Na+ absorption observed during early gallstone formation is the result of NHE up-regulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Native gallbladder and primary cultures of gallbladder epithelial cells (GBECs) harvested from prairie dogs fed nonlithogenic (CON) or 1.2% cholesterol diet for varying lengths of time to induce cholesterol-saturated bile (PreCRYS), cholesterol crystals (CRYS), or gallstones (GS) were used. NHE activity was assessed by measuring dimethylamiloride-inhibitable 22Na+ uptake under H+ gradient in primary GBECs. HOE-694 was used to determine NHE2 and NHE3 contributions. NHE protein and mRNA expression were examined by Western and Northern blots, respectively. RESULTS Gallbladder total NHE activity was 25.1 +/- 1.3 nmol mg protein(-1) min(-1) in the control and increased during gallstone formation peaking at the PreCRYS stage (98.4 +/- 3.9 nmol mg protein(-1) min(-1)). There was a shift in NHE activity from NHE2 to NHE3 as the animals progressed from no stones through the PreCRYS and CRYS stages to gallstones. The increase in NHE activity was partly caused by an increased Vmax without any change in K(Na)m. Both NHE2 and NHE3 protein increased moderately during the PreCRYS stage without increases in mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS Increased gallbladder Na+ absorption observed prior to crystal formation is in part caused by an increase NHE activity which is not fully accounted for by an increase in NHE proteins and mRNA levels but may be explained by enhanced localization in the membranes and/or altered regulation of NHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Narins
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192, USA
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27
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Park EH, Kim JH, Son BH, Kwak BS, Kim JK, Kim HJ, Lee JS, Hong SJ, Lee TJ, Um JS, Ahn SH. Recurrence and Survival Analysis in Skin-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Reconstruction Compared with Conventional Mastectomy. J Breast Cancer 2005. [DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2005.8.4.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hwa Park
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Kwak
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Kyung Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Hong
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taek Jong Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Sup Um
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Ahn
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Narins SC, Park EH, Ramakrishnan R, Garcia FU, Diven JN, Balin BJ, Hammond CJ, Sodam BR, Smith PR, Abedin MZ. Functional characterization of Na(+)/H(+) exchangers in primary cultures of prairie dog gallbladder. J Membr Biol 2004; 197:123-34. [PMID: 15014914 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-003-0647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder Na(+) absorption is linked to gallstone formation in prairie dogs. We previously reported Na(+)/H(+) exchanger (NHE1-3) expression in native gallbladder tissues. Here we report the functional characterization of NHE1, NHE2 and NHE3 in primary cultures of prairie dog gallbladder epithelial cells (GBECs). Immunohistochemical studies showed that GBECs grown to confluency are homogeneous epithelial cells of gastrointestinal origin. Electron microscopic analysis of GBECs demonstrated that the cells form polarized monolayers characterized by tight junctions and apical microvilli. GBECs grown on Snapwells exhibited polarity and developed transepithelial short-circuit current, I(sc), (11.6 +/- 0.5 microA. cm(-2)), potential differences, V(t) (2.1 +/- 0.2 mV), and resistance, R(t) (169 +/- 12 omega. cm(2)). NHE activity in GBECs assessed by measuring dimethylamiloride-inhibitable (22)Na(+) uptake under a H(+) gradient was the same whether grown on permeable Snapwells or plastic wells. The basal rate of (22)Na(+) uptake was 21.4 +/- 1.3 nmol x mg prot(-1) x min(-1), of which 9.5 +/- 0.7 (approximately 45%) was mediated through apically-restricted NHE. Selective inhibition with HOE-694 revealed that NHE1, NHE2 and NHE3 accounted for approximately 6%, approximately 66% and approximately 28% of GBECs' total NHE activity, respectively. GBECs exhibited saturable NHE kinetics ( V(max) 9.2 +/- 0.3 nmol x mg prot(-1) x min(-1); K(m) 11.4 +/- 1.4 m M Na(+)). Expression of NHE1, NHE2 and NHE3 mRNAs was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. These results demonstrate that the primary cultures of GBECs exhibit Na(+) transport characteristics similar to native gallbladder tissues, suggesting that these cells can be used as a tool for studying the mechanisms of gallbladder ion transport both under physiologic conditions and during gallstone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Narins
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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29
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Lee JS, Miya M, Lee YS, Kim CG, Park EH, Aoki Y, Nishida M. The complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the self-fertilizing fish Rivulus marmoratus (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae) and the first description of duplication of a control region in fish. Gene 2001; 280:1-7. [PMID: 11738812 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(01)00765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We isolated Rivulus marmoratus mitochondrial DNA by long-polymerase chain reaction with conserved primers, and sequenced it with 36 sets of internal conserved primers, which were designed from the extensive sequence similarities of mitochondrial DNA from several fish species. The R. marmoratus mitochondrial DNA has 17,329 bp with a conserved structural organization compared to those of other fish. Rivulus marmoratus mitochondrial DNA also has two nearly identical control regions. The basic characteristics of the R. marmoratus mitochondrial genome are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.
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30
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Kim HG, Park KN, Cho YW, Park EH, Fuchs JA, Lim CJ. Characterization and regulation of glutathione S-transferase gene from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1520:179-85. [PMID: 11513961 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(01)00265-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene has been cloned from Schizosaccharomyces pombe for the first time. The nucleotide sequence determined was found to contain 2030 base pairs including an open reading frame of 229 amino acids that would encode a protein of a molecular mass of 27017 Da. The cloned GST gene was expressed and was found to function in S. pombe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Escherichia coli. The plasmid pGT207 encoding the S. pombe GST gene appeared to be able to accelerate the growth of a wild type S. pombe culture. In a culture of S. pombe containing plasmid pGT207, the growth was inhibited less by mercuric chloride than in a culture with vector alone. The 1088 bp region upstream from the GST gene as well as the region encoding the N-terminal 14 amino acids was transferred into the promoterless beta-galactosidase gene of plasmid YEp357R to yield the fusion plasmid pYSH2000. beta-Galactosidase synthesis was induced by cadmium chloride, mercuric chloride, hydrogen peroxide, and menadione. It was also induced by high temperature. These results suggest that the cloned S. pombe GST gene is involved in the oxidative stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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31
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Park JH, Lee JJ, Yoon S, Lee JS, Choe SY, Choe J, Park EH, Kim CG. Genomic cloning of the Hsc71 gene in the hermaphroditic teleost Rivulus marmoratus and analysis of its expression in skeletal muscle: identification of a novel muscle-preferred regulatory element. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:3041-50. [PMID: 11452029 PMCID: PMC55811 DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.14.3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2001] [Revised: 05/31/2001] [Accepted: 05/31/2001] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To further our understanding of the role of stress proteins in development as well as in adaptation of fish to adverse environmental conditions, we undertook molecular analyses of stress protein encoding genes from the hermaphroditic teleost Rivulus marmoratus. We isolated a genomic clone containing the Hsc71 gene (rm-hsc71m) and its upstream sequences. rm-Hsc71m is not induced by external stress, but is enriched in a tissue-specific manner during early development. In adult, the strongest expression appeared in skeletal muscle, whereas lower expression was seen in the gill, eye and brain. To understand the regulatory basis of high muscle expression of rm-hsc71m, transfection of R.marmoratus muscle tissue was performed using 5' deletion fragments containing the rm-hsc71m promoter driving EGFP expression. An upstream region from -2.7 to -1.9 kb was identified as a muscle-specific regulatory region. Within this region, we identified at least three sites with the novel sequence TGTnACA interacting with a fish muscle factor having an M(r) of 32 000. Our data indicate that rm-hsc71m expression in skeletal muscle is controlled by a muscle-specific regulatory element containing this novel motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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32
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Oh YB, Lee JS, Park EH. Fish cell line as an in vitro test system for analyzing chromosome aberrations. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 67:6-11. [PMID: 11381305 DOI: 10.1007/s001280084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2001] [Accepted: 04/19/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y B Oh
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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33
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Abstract
In previous studies, the ethanol extract of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) showed potent anti-inflammatory action. In the present study, following fractionation of the methanol extract of cactus stems guided by adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation model in mice, an active anti-inflammatory principle has been isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, 140-742, Seoul, South Korea.
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34
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Abstract
The methanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica stems and its hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions were evaluated for their wound healing activity in rats. The extract and less polar fractions showed significant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, 140-742, Seoul, South Korea.
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35
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Cho YW, Kim HG, Park EH, Fuchs JA, Lim CJ. Cloning, expression and regulation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene encoding thioltransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000; 1517:171-5. [PMID: 11118633 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The genomic DNA encoding thioltransferase was isolated from Schizosaccharomyces pombe using the polymerase chain reaction. The amplified DNA fragment was confirmed by Southern hybridization, completely digested with HindIII and BamHI, and then ligated into the yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vector pRS316, which resulted in plasmid pEH1. The insert of plasmid pEH1 was transferred into the multi-copy vector YEp357 to generate plasmid pYEH1. The determined nucleotide sequence harbors an open reading frame consisting of four exons and three introns, which encodes a polypeptide of 101 amino acids with a molecular mass of 11261 Da. Thioltransferase activity was increased 1.6-fold in Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing plasmid pYEH1, and 1.8- and 2.7-fold in S. pombe containing plasmid pEH1 and pYEH1, respectively. The upstream sequence and the region encoding the N-terminal six amino acids were fused into promoterless beta-galactosidase gene of the shuttle vector YEp357R to generate the fusion plasmid pYEHR1. Synthesis of beta-galactosidase from the fusion plasmid was found to be enhanced by zinc and NO-generating S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Cho
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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36
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Abstract
Beta-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol have been known to the phytosterols the most frequently found in plants. Metabolism of phytosterols was investigated using rat feces and liver microsomes. Feces were collected after phytosterols (a well characterized mixture of beta-sitosterol 40%, campesterol 30% and dihydrobrasicasterol) were administered orally (0.5 g/kg) to rats. Metabolites of phytosterols were identified using GC/MS. Three peaks were eluted at 12.47, 12.65, 12.87 min and had characteristic molecular ions m/z 428, 430, 432, respectively. Three fecal metabolites were identified as androstadienedione, androstenedione, and androstanedione. No metabolites could be detected in the rat liver microsomal reaction mixture. The results suggest that the metabolites of phytosterols in rat feces are formed by oxidation at 3- position, saturation at 5- and 6- position, and 17- side chain cleavage in the rat large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Song
- Bioanalysis and Biotransformation Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul
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37
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Gifford AN, Park MH, Kash TL, Herman LM, Park EH, Gatley SJ, Volkow ND. Effect of amphetamine-induced dopamine release on radiotracer binding to D1 and D2 receptors in rat brain striatal slices. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2000; 362:413-8. [PMID: 11111836 DOI: 10.1007/s002100000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo binding of positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) radiotracers to dopamine D2 receptors in the striatum can be influenced by competition with endogenous dopamine. The present study was undertaken to determine if a similar inhibition of radiotracer binding to dopamine receptors could be observed following pharmacologically-evoked dopamine release in rat brain striatal slices. Striatal slices were incubated in a large volume of oxygenated Krebs saline and exposed to amphetamine or methamphetamine to evoke dopamine release within the slice. Amphetamine and methamphetamine, at concentrations up to 30 microM, reduced [3H]raclopride binding in the slices by 77% and 86%, respectively, with 50% inhibition at 1.6 microM amphetamine or 3.0 microM methamphetamine. Neither drug produced a significant effect on binding of [3H]SCH 23390 in the slices. This suggests that dopamine was able to interfere with radiotracer binding to D2 but not D1 receptors. The dopamine uptake blockers, cocaine and methylphenidate, had relatively little effect by themselves on [3H]raclopride binding but, by inhibiting amphetamine-induced dopamine release, significantly reduced inhibition of [3H]raclopride binding by a low (3 microM) amphetamine concentration. At a higher (30 microM) amphetamine concentration the inhibition of [3H]raclopride binding was not antagonized by uptake blockers and data obtained from homogenate binding experiments indicated a direct displacement of [3H]raclopride binding by amphetamine at this concentration. In conclusion the data obtained in the present study demonstrate that the effects of amphetamine on striatal radiotracer accumulation observed in PET and SPECT can also be observed in brain slices in vitro and, at least at low amphetamine concentrations, are mediated by competition with released dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Gifford
- Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
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38
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Park MH, Park EH. Synaptic concentration of dopamine in rat striatal slices in relationship to [3H]raclopride binding to the dopamine D2 receptor. Arch Pharm Res 2000; 23:360-6. [PMID: 10976584 DOI: 10.1007/bf02975448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo binding of dopamine (DA) radioligands to D2 receptors can be affected by competition with endogenous dopamine. In the present study, we used a brain slice preparation that provides more controlled conditions than in vivo preparations in order to examine the relationship between synaptic DA and the binding of [3H]raclopride to D2 receptors. We also estimated the synaptic DA concentration in rat striatal slices by determining the changes in [3H]raclopride binding. To correlate the changes in [3H]raclopride binding with the concentration of synaptic DA, the kinetic parameters were determined. [3H]Raclopride reached equilibrium binding conditions within two hours. The Ki value for DA in inhibiting [3H]raclopride binding was about 2.2 nM. The increase in synaptic DA evoked by electrical stimulation decreased the striatal binding of [3H]raclopride in a frequency-dependent manner. Increases in the DA concentration evoked by amphetamine (AMPH) or cocaine decreased [3H]raclopride binding by 74% or 20%, respectively, corresponding to increases in the synaptic DA concentrations of 1.6 nM or 0.6 nM, respectively. Pargyline also decreased [3H]raclopride binding by 36% corresponding at a concentration of 1.2 nM. In contrast, the depletion of synaptic DA by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MpT) increased the specific binding of [3H]raclopride by 43% when the DA concentration was decreased to 0.7 nM. The changes in the DA concentration at the synapse were responsible for the changes in the striatal binding of [3H]raclopride. The values calculated in this study may therefore approximate the changes in the synaptic DA concentration in rat striatal slices following manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The glucose oxidase gene (GO) of Aspergillus niger was cloned into the yeast shuttle vector YEp352 with combinations of various promoters and terminators, and then used to transform Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Expressed GO was successfully secreted into culture medium due to the presence of the intrinsic signal peptide of GO. Four different promoters fused to GO were tested: bidirectional galactose dehydrogenase 1 and 10 (GAL1, GAL10) promoters, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) promoter and an yeast hybrid ADH2-GPD promoter consisting of alcohol dehydrogenase II (ADH2) and GPD promoter. The intrinsic terminator of GO as well as the GAL7 terminator were also compared for better production of GO. Deletion of most of the terminating region from GO yielded only a slight amount of GO while the presence of either terminator greatly increased GO production. The GAL10 promoter produced the least amount of GO, GAL1 and GPD promoters were moderate, and the ADH2-GPD hybrid promoter was the best among all tested. However, the hybrid promoter was tightly regulated by the presence of an excess amount of either glucose or ethanol, and it appeared that 2% glucose and 1. 5% ethanol supplement was the best concentration for GO production. It was possible to produce 260 IU ml(-1) of GO, an equivalent of 5 g l(-1), under the presence of 2% glucose and 1.5% ethanol. UV mutagenesis of a recombinant S. cerevisiae was also applied and it further increased the yield of GO to 460 IU ml(-1) under the presence of 2% glucose and 1.5% ethanol without any changes in cell growth. Corn steep liquor which is commonly used in bioindustry is a good alternative substrate for high priced glucose for the hybrid promoter and suggests a cost effective means for commercial mass production of GO using recombinant yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Chonbuk National University, Dukjindong 664-14, Chonju, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea
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40
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Kim HG, Cho YW, Park EH, Park SS, Ahn KS, Lim CJ. Cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of thioltransferase (glutaredoxin) cDNA from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Cells 1999; 9:668-72. [PMID: 10672936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioltransferase (TTase), also known as glutaredoxin (Grx), is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of a variety of disulfide compounds, including protein disulfides, in the presence of reduced glutathione. TTase acts as a cofactor for various enzymes such as ribonucleotide reductase. We previously purified a TTase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe and its molecular size was determined. In the present study, a cDNA coding TTase was isolated from a cDNA library of Schizosaccharomyces pombe by colony hybridization, which was constructed in a plasmid vector pGAD GH, and its corresponding insert was confirmed by Southern hybridization. The nucleotide sequence of the 375 bp long cDNA clone reveals an open reading frame, which encodes a protein of 101 amino acids. The coding region of the original clone was transferred after the lac promoter of pUC13 vector for expression in E. coli, and simultaneously, a suitable Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence was added in front of the coding region by PCR. The two primers used for PCR also separately contained BamHI and HindIII restriction sites. The E. coli strain (A434) harboring the pUC13 derivative pKU10 showed a 17.3-fold increase in TTase activity compared to the strain with only the vector plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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41
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Lee JS, Park EH, Choe J, Chipman JK. Nmethyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) induces papillary thyroid tumours which lack ras gene mutations in the hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 1999; 20:1-9. [PMID: 10607373 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6866(2000)20:1<1::aid-tcm1>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the patterns of alkylating agent-induced tumour formation, 40 fish (Rivulus marmoratus) were exposed to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at 50 ppm in 10 mM Hepes-buffered synthetic seawater for 2 h. Tumour incidence 4 months after exposure was approximately 95%, and mainly papillary thyroid tumours were induced. For elucidating the molecular event in Rivulus papillary thyroid carcinogenesis, we first analysed for ras gene mutations based on the known ability of MNU to induce point mutations. The amplified R. Marmoratus Ha-and Ki-ras gene exon 1 and 2 regions were checked along with confirming the presence and expression patterns of the DNA repair gene O(6)-methylguanine alkyltransferase (O(6)-MT) and other oncogenes (c-src, c-fos, and c-myc). Ha- and Ki-ras genes from 38 tumour samples were tested for point mutations with direct sequencing but were not found to contain mutations. In this report, based on the lack of Ha- and Ki-ras gene mutations in papillary thyroid tumour induction in R. Marmoratus, we suggest that Ha- and Ki-ras gene-independent pathways such as ret/PTC rearrangements and other activations are involved in Rivulus papillary thyroid carcinogenesis. Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen. 20:1-9, 2000.
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MESH Headings
- Alkylating Agents/toxicity
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- Carcinoma, Papillary/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/chemistry
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Fishes
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, fos/genetics
- Genes, myc/genetics
- Genes, ras/genetics
- Genes, src/genetics
- Hermaphroditic Organisms
- Methylnitrosourea/toxicity
- Mutation
- O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase/genetics
- O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase/metabolism
- Sex Determination Processes
- Thyroid Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
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42
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Park EH, Zaks MA, Kurths J. Phase synchronization in the forced Lorenz system. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1999; 60:6627-38. [PMID: 11970583 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.60.6627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/1999] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the dynamics of phase synchronization in a chaotic system under weak periodic forcing depends crucially on the distribution of intrinsic characteristic times of this system. Under the external periodic action, the frequency of every unstable periodic orbit is locked to the frequency of the force. In systems which in the autonomous case displays nearly isochronous chaotic rotations, the locking ratio is the same for all periodic orbits; since a typical chaotic orbit wanders between the periodic ones, its phase follows the phase of the force. For the Lorenz attractor with its unbounded times of return onto a Poincaré surface, such state of perfect phase synchronization is inaccessible. Analysis with the help of unstable periodic orbits shows that this state is replaced by another one, which we call "imperfect phase synchronization," and in which we observe alternation of temporal segments, corresponding to different rational values of frequency lockings.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- Institute of Physics, Potsdam University, Postfach 601553, D-14415 Potsdam, Germany
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43
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Abstract
The effects of ethanolic extract (EEP) of propolis on chronic inflammation were evaluated using rat adjuvant arthritis. In the chronic inflammatory animal model, the arthritis index was suppressed by EEP treatments (50 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.). Moreover, physical weakness, induced by the chronic disease state, was dose-dependently improved in the EEP-treated groups. Its analgesic effect, assessed using the tail-flick test, was comparable to prednisolone (2.5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and acetyl salicylic acid (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.). In carrageenan rat hind paw edema, which was conducted to test the effects of subfractions of EEP, the petroleum ether sub-fraction (100 mg/kg, p.o.) showed an inhibitory effect on the paw edema whereas EEP (200 mg/kg, p.o.) showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect at 3 and 4 hrs after carrageenan injection. From these results, we conclude that the ethanolic extract of propolis had a profound anti-inflammatory effects on both chronic and acute inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
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44
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Abstract
A 22-month old child underwent successful replantation of her midfoot at the level of Chopart's joint after a traumatic lawn mower amputation. The child demonstrated good sensation and function. Heel-to-toe length was 2 cm shorter, along with anterior migration of the heel pad on the injured foot. Pedobarographic analysis at 6-year follow-up demonstrated a normal range in the dynamic distribution of foot pressure measurements, except in the region of the medial heel. With replantation more commonly considered as an option in traumatic injuries, long-term functional evaluation is important in demonstrating the success of a replantation. The patient demonstrated a good result at 6-year follow-up, but will need further evaluation until skeletal maturity is reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, USA
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45
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Kim JS, Kim DH, Lee WK, Suh JS, Song KE, Kang BJ, Park EH, Choi JK. [Possibility in unification of oriental and western medicine education by combination of educational curricula]. Uisahak 1999; 8:269-277. [PMID: 12219744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The authors attempted a possibility of unification in the educational curricula of both Oriental and Western medical schools for the unification of two medicines. Historically the two medicines were originated from the most primitive state like instinctive method and we can say two medicines were entirely the same. However, after abrupt and current development of science in the 19th century by discovery of microscope and bacteria as well as cells, changed medicine into recent unbelievable current medicine from old ancient style medicine like Chinese Medicine which was just the remnant old medicine. The unification of educational curricula is thought to be possible to combine each other by technical adjustment from mutual understanding and cooperation for the most high quality of peoples lives. There were good equality to partial correspondences between two educational curricula around 90% at two pre-and schools from the study to analyse. The combined medicine is thought to be more efficient to the diagnosis and treatment of patients because of the effectiveness of Oriental medicine in certain disease conditions like chronic illness by acupuncture as a alternative medicine or herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Kim
- Kyungpook National University School of Medicine
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46
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Khodadoust MM, Khan KD, Park EH, Bothwell AL. Distinct regulatory mechanisms for interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta)- and IFN-gamma-mediated induction of Ly-6E gene in B cells. Blood 1998; 92:2399-409. [PMID: 9746780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The murine Ly6-E gene is transcriptionally induced by interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) and IFN-gamma in a variety of distinct cell types. The mechanism of IFN inducibility in B-cell lines was investigated by deletion analysis of the promoter and by identifying DNA binding proteins in mobility shift assays. A region located in the distal part of the promoter at -2.3 kb contributed to inducibility by both types of IFNs. This region contains a novel element in addition to the previously well-characterized IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE). The probes containing ISRE detected IFN-inducible complexes in mobility shift assays and the signal transducer and activator of transcripition-1 was found to be in these complexes from cells treated with either type of IFN. An additional element present in the proximal part of the promoter at position -109 is also required for IFN-alpha/beta-mediated induction. These data suggested a cooperative interaction between these physically disparate regulatory regions. A crucial role for HMGI(Y) protein in this cooperative multiprotein complex is supported by the evidence that inhibition of HMGI(Y) expression via antisense RNA results in the loss of IFN-alpha/beta-mediated induction of the Ly6-E gene. These results show the complexity involved in achieving cell-type specificity in IFN-mediated gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Khodadoust
- Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, USA
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47
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Kim HG, Park EH, Lim CJ. Thioltransferase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe: purification to homogeneity and some properties. Mol Cells 1998; 8:431-7. [PMID: 9749530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Two types of thioltransferase were identified in the cytosolic extract of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a fission yeast. In the present study, the major one of them was purified to homogeneity using chromatography processes such as ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Purification was monitored by the transhydrogenase activity of thioltransferase with 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide as a substrate. Its molecular weight was estimated to be about 14,000 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme catalyzes the reduction of various disulfide compounds such as S-sulfocysteine, L-cystine, and insulin. It was also found to contain the reducing activity on non-disulfide substrates such as dehydroascorbic acid and alloxan. Its activity was greatly activated by high concentrations of reduced glutathione. It was found to be very heat-stable as like other thioltransferases. It was characterized on other aspects such as kinetic parameters and optimal reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
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48
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Abstract
We have cloned the ras homologue from the mangrove rivulus (Rivulus marmoratus) after low-stringency plaque hybridization of the mangrove rivulus genomic DNA library. This mangrove rivulus ras homologue showed a 76% amino acid homology to the human R(related)-ras gene with identical exon/intron boundary and was named the mangrove rivulus R-ras gene. The mangrove rivulus R-ras gene spanned 1.8 kb and consisted of at least 5 exons. The exon/intron boundaries coincided with the rule of GT/AG of consensus splice acceptor and donor sequences. To our knowledge this is the first report that fish also have the R-ras gene with identical exon/intron boundaries and extensive homology with human.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- Department of Virology/Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
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49
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Abstract
The ethanol extracts of Opuntia ficus-indica fructus (EEOF) and Opuntia ficus-indica stem (EEOS) were prepared and used to evaluate the pharmacological effects of cactus. Both the extracts inhibited the writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid, indicating that they contains analgesic effect. The oral administrations of EEOF and EEOS suppressed carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and also showed potent inhibition in the leukocyte migration of CMC-pouch model in rats. Moreover, the extracts suppressed the release of beta-glucuronidase, a lysosomal enzyme in rat neutrophils. It was also noted that the extracts showed the protective effect on gastric mucosal layers. From the results it is suggested that the cactus extracts contain anti-inflammatory action having protective effect against gastric lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Kim BC, Kim K, Park EH, Lim CJ. Nucleotide sequence and revised map location of the arn gene from bacteriophage T4. Mol Cells 1997; 7:694-6. [PMID: 9387160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-glucosylated (Glu-) T-even phage DNAs are restricted by Escherichia coli RgIA and RgIB endonucleases with different specificities. RgIB endonuclease activity is strongly inhibited by anti-restriction endonuclease (Arn) encoded by the bacteriophage T4 genome. The nucleotide sequence of the arn gene encoding Arn was determined. The product of the cloned arn gene was overexpressed by the T7 RNA polymerase/promoter system, and its molecular size is consistent with that predicted from the open reading frame of the arn gene. The arn gene is located between the asiA gene and motA gene in the region of 161,300-161,578 nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
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