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Gu F, Zhu S, Hou J, Tang Y, Liu JX, Xu Q, Sun HZ. The hindgut microbiome contributes to host oxidative stress in postpartum dairy cows by affecting glutathione synthesis process. Microbiome 2023; 11:87. [PMID: 37087457 PMCID: PMC10122372 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy cows are susceptible to postpartum systemic oxidative stress (OS), which leads to significant production loss and metabolic disorders. The gut microbiota has been linked to host health and stress levels. However, to what extent the gut microbiota is associated with postpartum OS remains unknown. In this study, the contribution of the fecal microbiota to postpartum systemic OS and its underlying mechanisms were investigated by integrating 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics, and metabolomics in postpartum dairy cattle and by transplanting fecal microbiota from cattle to mice. RESULTS A strong link was found between fecal microbial composition and postpartum OS, with an explainability of 43.1%. A total of 17 significantly differential bacterial genera and 19 species were identified between cows with high (HOS) and low OS (LOS). Among them, 9 genera and 16 species showed significant negative correlations with OS, and Marasmitruncus and Ruminococcus_sp._CAG:724 had the strongest correlations. The microbial functional analysis showed that the fecal microbial metabolism of glutamine, glutamate, glycine, and cysteine involved in glutathione synthesis was lower in HOS cows. Moreover, 58 significantly different metabolites were identified between HOS and LOS cows, and of these metabolites, 19 were produced from microbiota or cometabolism of microbiota and host. Furthermore, these microbial metabolites were enriched in the metabolism of glutamine, glutamate, glycine, and cysteine. The mice gavaged with HOS fecal microbiota had significantly higher OS and lower plasma glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content than those orally administered saline or LOS fecal microbiota. CONCLUSIONS Integrated results suggest that the fecal microbiota is responsible for OS and that lower glutathione production plays a causative role in HOS. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of postpartum OS and potential regulatory strategies to alleviate OS in dairy cows. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Senlin Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinxiu Hou
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yifan Tang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Innovation Team of Development and Function of Animal Digestive System, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingbiao Xu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Hui-Zeng Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ministry of Education Innovation Team of Development and Function of Animal Digestive System, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Gu F, Zhu S, Tang Y, Liu X, Jia M, Malmuthuge N, Valencak TG, McFadden JW, Liu JX, Sun HZ. Gut microbiome is linked to functions of peripheral immune cells in transition cows during excessive lipolysis. Microbiome 2023; 11:40. [PMID: 36869370 PMCID: PMC9983187 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum dairy cows experiencing excessive lipolysis are prone to severe immunosuppression. Despite the extensive understanding of the gut microbial regulation of host immunity and metabolism, its role during excessive lipolysis in cows is largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the potential links between the gut microbiome and postpartum immunosuppression in periparturient dairy cows with excessive lipolysis using single immune cell transcriptome, 16S amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, and targeted metabolomics. RESULTS The use of single-cell RNA sequencing identified 26 clusters that were annotated to 10 different immune cell types. Enrichment of functions of these clusters revealed a downregulation of functions in immune cells isolated from a cow with excessive lipolysis compared to a cow with low/normal lipolysis. The results of metagenomic sequencing and targeted metabolome analysis together revealed that secondary bile acid (SBA) biosynthesis was significantly activated in the cows with excessive lipolysis. Moreover, the relative abundance of gut Bacteroides sp. OF04 - 15BH, Paraprevotella clara, Paraprevotella xylaniphila, and Treponema sp. JC4 was mainly associated with SBA synthesis. The use of an integrated analysis showed that the reduction of plasma glycolithocholic acid and taurolithocholic acid could contribute to the immunosuppression of monocytes (CD14+MON) during excessive lipolysis by decreasing the expression of GPBAR1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that alterations in the gut microbiota and their functions related to SBA synthesis suppressed the functions of monocytes during excessive lipolysis in transition dairy cows. Therefore, we concluded that altered microbial SBA synthesis during excessive lipolysis could lead to postpartum immunosuppression in transition cows. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Senlin Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yifan Tang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minghui Jia
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nilusha Malmuthuge
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1 Ave S, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Teresa G Valencak
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Joseph W McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, 507 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui-Zeng Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wu JJ, Zhu S, Tang YF, Gu F, Valencak TG, Liu JX, Sun HZ. Age- and microbiota-dependent cell stemness plasticity revealed by cattle cell landscape. Research 2023; 6:0025. [PMID: 37040481 PMCID: PMC10076005 DOI: 10.34133/research.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Newborn ruminants are considered functionally monogastric animals. The poor understanding of cellular differences between newborn and mature ruminants prevents the improvement of health and performance of domestic ruminants. Here, we performed the single-cell RNA sequencing on the rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, rectum, liver, salivary gland, and mammary gland from newborn and adult cattle. A comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic atlas covering 235,941 high-quality single cells and 78 cell types was deciphered. A Cattle Cell Landscape database (http://cattlecelllandscape.zju.edu.cn) was established to elaborately display the data and facilitate effective annotation of cattle cell types and subtypes for the broad research community. By measuring stemness states of epithelial cells in each tissue type, we revealed that the epithelial cells from newborn forestomach (rumen, reticulum, and omasum) were more transcriptionally indistinct and stochastic compared with the adult stage, which was in contrast to those of abomasum and intestinal tissues. The rapid forestomach development during the early life of calves was driven by epithelial progenitor-like cells with high DNA repair activities and methylation. Moreover, in the forestomach tissues of newborn calves, the Megasphaera genus was involved in regulating the transcriptional plasticity of the epithelial progenitor-like cells by DNA methylation regulation. A novel cell type, the STOML3+ cell, was found to be newborn-specific. It apparently plays a crucial role in stemness maintenance of its own and cholangiocytes in the hepatic microenvironment. Our results reveal that the age- and microbiota-dependent cell stemness plasticity drives the postnatal functional maturity of ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jin Wu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Senlin Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Fan Tang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Teresa G. Valencak
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Innovation Team of Development and Function of Animal Digestive System, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui-Zeng Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Innovation Team of Development and Function of Animal Digestive System, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Barnett D, Endika M, Klostermann C, Gu F, Thijs C, Nauta A, Schols H, Smidt H, Arts I, Penders J. Human milk oligosaccharides, antimicrobial drugs, and the gut microbiota of term neonates: observations from the KOALA birth cohort study. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2164152. [PMID: 36617628 PMCID: PMC9833409 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2164152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The infant gut microbiota affects childhood health. This pioneer microbiota may be vulnerable to antibiotic exposures, but could be supported by prebiotic oligosaccharides found in breast milk and some infant formulas. We sought to characterize the effects of several exposures on the neonatal gut microbiota, including human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), and infant/maternal antimicrobial exposures. We profiled the stool microbiota of 1023 one-month-old infants from the KOALA Birth Cohort using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We quantified 15 HMOs in breast milk from the mothers of 220 infants, using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both breastfeeding and antibiotic exposure decreased gut microbial diversity, but each was associated with contrasting shifts in microbiota composition. Other factors associated with microbiota composition included C-section, homebirth, siblings, and exposure to animals. Neither infant exposure to oral antifungals nor maternal exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy were associated with infant microbiota composition. Four distinct groups of breast milk HMO compositions were evident, corresponding to maternal Secretor status and Lewis group combinations defined by the presence/absence of certain fucosylated HMOs. However, we found the strongest evidence for microbiota associations between two non-fucosylated HMOs: 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) and lacto-N-hexaose (LNH), which were associated with lower and higher relative abundances of Bifidobacterium, respectively. Among 111 exclusively formula-fed infants, the GOS-supplemented formula was associated with a lower relative abundance of Clostridium perfringens. In conclusion, the gut microbiota is sensitive to some prebiotic and antibiotic exposures during early infancy and understanding their effects could inform future strategies for safeguarding a health-promoting infant gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.J.M Barnett
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M.F Endika
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - C.E Klostermann
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - F Gu
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - C Thijs
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A Nauta
- FrieslandCampina, LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - H.A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Smidt
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - I.C.W Arts
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Jiang L, Sun H, Gu F, He J, Zhao F, Liu J. Blood neutrophil extracellular traps: a novel target for the assessment of mammary health in transition dairy cows. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:131. [DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mammary health is important for transition dairy cows and has been well recognized to exert decisive effects on animal welfare. However, the factors influencing mammary health are still unclear. Differential somatic cell count (DSCC) could reflect the mastitis risk since it is the percentage of neutrophils plus lymphocytes in total somatic cells and could be reflective of mammary health of dairy cows. This work aimed to investigate the assessment and prognosis of the health of transition cows based on blood neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).
Results
Eighty-four transition Holstein dairy cows were selected. The serum was sampled in all the animals at week 1 pre- and postpartum, and milk was sampled at week 1 postpartum. Based on the DSCC in milk at week 1, cows with lower (7.4% ± 4.07%, n = 15) and higher (83.3% ± 1.21%, n = 15) DSCCs were selected. High DSCC cows had higher levels of red blood cell counts (P < 0.05), hemoglobin (P = 0.07), and hematocrit (P = 0.05), higher concentrations of serum oxidative variables [(reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05), malondialdehyde (P < 0.05), protein carbonyl (P < 0.05), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (P = 0.07)], higher levels of serum and milk NETs (P < 0.05) and blood-milk barrier indicators, including serum β-casein (P = 0.05) and milk immunoglobulin G2 (P = 0.09), than those of low DSCC cows. In addition, lower concentrations of serum nutrient metabolites (cholesterol and albumin) (P < 0.05) and a lower level of serum deoxyribonuclease I (P = 0.09) were observed in high DSCC cows than in low DSCC cows. Among the assessments performed using levels of the three prepartum serum parameters (NETs, deoxyribonuclease I and β-casein), the area under the curve (0.973) of NETs was the highest. In addition, the sensitivity (1.00) and specificity (0.93) were observed for the discrimination of these cows using NETs levels with a critical value of 32.2 ng/mL (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The formation of NETs in blood in transition dairy cows may damage the integrity of the blood-milk barrier and thereby increase the risk for mastitis in postpartum cows.
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Gu F, Jiang L, Xie L, Wang D, Zhao F, Liu J. Supplementing N-carbamoylglutamate in late gestation increases newborn calf weight by enhanced placental expression of mTOR and angiogenesis factor genes in dairy cows. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:981-988. [PMID: 34738028 PMCID: PMC8551415 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with N-carbamoylglutamate (NCG) to cows during late gestation alters uteroplacental tissue nutrient transporters, calf metabolism and newborn weight. Thirty multiparous Chinese Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. During the last 28 d of pregnancy, cows were fed a diet without (CON) or with NCG (20 g/d per cow). The body weight of calves was weighed immediately after birth. Placentome samples were collected at parturition and used to assess mRNA expression of genes involved in transport of arginine, glucose, fatty acid and angiogenesis factors, as well as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Blood samples of calves before colostrum consumption were also collected for the detection of plasma parameters, amino acids (AA) and metabolomics analysis. The newborn weight (P = 0.02) and plasma Arg concentration of NCG-calves was significantly higher (P = 0.05) than that of CON-calves, and the plasma concentrations of urea nitrogen tended to be lower (P = 0.10) in the NCG group. The mRNA abundance of genes involved in glucose transport (solute carrier family 2 member 3 [SLC2A3], P < 0.01), angiogenesis (nitric oxide synthase 3 [NOS3], P = 0.02), and mTOR pathway (serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [AKT1], P = 0.10; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B pseudogene 1 [EIF4BP1], P = 0.08; EIF4EBP2, P = 0.04; and E74-like factor 2 [ELF2], P = 0.03) was upregulated in the placentome of NCG-supplemented cows. In addition, 17 metabolites were significantly different in the placentome of NCG-supplemented cows compared to non-supplemented cows, and these metabolites are mainly involved in arginine and proline metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and citrate cycle. In summary, the increased body weight of newborn calves from the NCG supplemented dairy cows may be attributed to the increased angiogenesis and uteroplacental nutrient transport and to the activated mTOR signal pathway, which may result in the increased nutrient supply to the fetus, and improved AA metabolism and urea cycle of the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Luyi Jiang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Linyu Xie
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Diming Wang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengqi Zhao
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Wu JJ, Zhu S, Gu F, Valencak TG, Liu JX, Sun HZ. Cross-tissue single-cell transcriptomic landscape reveals the key cell subtypes and their potential roles in the nutrient absorption and metabolism in dairy cattle. J Adv Res 2021; 37:1-18. [PMID: 35499046 PMCID: PMC9039752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discover 55 cell types and their specific markers in the first single-cell atlas of cattle; Identify and verify 3 epithelial progenitor-like cell subtypes in the forestomach Reveal vital but nonimmune functions of neutrophils in the mammary gland; Uncover key cell subtypes with preferential nutrient uptake; Find Th17 cells regulate epithelial cells responding to nutrient transport in the forestomach.
Introduction Dairy cattle are a vitally important ruminant in meeting the demands for high-quality animal protein production worldwide. The complicated biological process of converting human indigestible biomass into highly digestible and nutritious milk is orchestrated by various tissues. However, poorly understanding of the cellular composition and function of the key metabolic tissues hinders the improvement of health and performance of domestic ruminants. Objectives The cellular heterogeneity, metabolic features, interactions across ten tissue types of lactating dairy cattle were studied at single-cell resolution in the current study. Methods Unbiased single-cell RNA-sequencing and analysis were performed on the rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, ileum, rectum, liver, salivary gland, mammary gland, and peripheral blood of lactating dairy cattle. Immunofluorescences and fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed to verify cell identity. Results In this study, we constructed a single-cell landscape covering 88,013 high-quality (500 < genes < 4,000, UMI < 50, 000, and mitochondrial gene ratio < 40% or 15%) single cells and identified 55 major cell types in lactating dairy cattle. Our systematic survey of the gene expression profiles and metabolic features of epithelial cells related to nutrient transport revealed cell subtypes that have preferential absorption of different nutrients. Importantly, we found that T helper type 17 (Th17) cells (highly expressing CD4 and IL17A) were specifically enriched in the forestomach tissues and predominantly interacted with the epithelial cell subtypes with high potential uptake capacities of short-chain fatty acids through IL-17 signaling. Furthermore, the comparison between IL17RAhighIL17RChigh cells (epithelial cells with IL17RA and IL17RC expression levels both greater than 0.25) and other cells explained the importance of Th17 cells in regulating the epithelial cellular transcriptional response to nutrient transport in the forestomach. Conclusion The findings enhance our understanding of the cellular biology of ruminants and open new avenues for improved animal production of dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jin Wu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Senlin Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Teresa G. Valencak
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Innovation Team of Development and Function of Animal Digestive System, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui-Zeng Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ministry of Education Innovation Team of Development and Function of Animal Digestive System, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Gu F, Liang S, Zhu S, Liu J, Sun HZ. Multi-omics revealed the effects of rumen-protected methionine on the nutrient profile of milk in dairy cows. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110682. [PMID: 34600684 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cow's milk is a highly-nutritious dairy product part of human diet worldwide. Rumen-protected methionine (RPM) is widely used to improve lactation performance of dairy cows, but understanding of the effects of RPM on milk nutrients composition are still limited. In this study, twenty mid-lactating dairy cows were supplemented with 20 gm/day RPM for 8 weeks to investigate the responses of milk nutritional composition to RPM. Metabolomics was applied for analyzing milk metabolites and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used for analysis of rumen microbial composition. Milk fat content and yield were significantly increased after RPM supplementation. Totally 443 compounds belonging to 15 classes were identified, among which 15 metabolites were significantly changed. The functional nutrient α-ketoglutaric acid were significantly increased in the milk after RPM supplementation. We found 48 significantly differing bacterial genera in the rumen after supplementing RPM. Multi-omics integrated analysis revealed the higher abundance of Acetobacter, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae and Saccharofermentan contributed to the improved milk fat. In addition, the enriched abundance of Thermoactinomyces, Asteroleplasma, and Saccharofermentan showed positive correlations with higher α-ketoglutaric acid of milk. Our results uncover the metabolomic fingerprint and the key functional metabolites in the milk after supplementing RPM in dairy cows, as well as the key rumen bacteria associated with them. These findings provide novel insights into the development of functional dairy products that enriched the functional nutrient α-ketoglutaric acid or high milk fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Gu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shuling Liang
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Senlin Zhu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Hui-Zeng Sun
- Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Gu F, Tan M, Chen Y, Li X, Xu Y. O-183 Increased Risk Of Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In Hormone Replacement Therapy Cycle - A Multicenter Cohort Study In Frozen Blastocyst Transfer In Ovulatory Women. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab127.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is hormone replacement therapy cycle (HRT) associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes than natural cycle (NC) during frozen embryo transfer (FET)?
Summary answer
Higher rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) and macrosomia were detected in HRT-FET as compared to NC-FET in ovulatory women.
What is known already
Live-birth rates after HRT-FET and NC-FET are found to be comparable. Recent data showed that pregnancies following HRT-FET are associated with higher risks of HDPs. However, the results might be influenced by selection bias as patients with ovulation disorder were more prone to receive HRT than ovulatory women. As is known, patients with ovulation disorder might have more endocrine disturbances than ovulatory women, which could be associated with adverse obstetrical outcomes.
Study design, size, duration
Four large reproductive medical centers in Guangdong province, Southeast of China, took part in this multicenter retrospective cohort study. Patients with regular cycles (25-35 days), who underwent either HRT or NC blastocyst FET and delivered after 20 weeks of gestation between January 2017 and December 2019 were analyzed. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) cycles, multiple pregnancies and cases with type II diabetes or preconceptional hypertension were excluded. Each patient only contributed one cycle per cohort.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Treatment cycles from each patient were linked to their obstetrical medication record and a comprehensive chart review was done to investigate their perinatal outcomes. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between NC-FET and HRT-FET cycles. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to adjust the confounding factors including baseline demographics (maternal age, BMI, education level, parity, type of infertility and cause of infertility), as well as IVF characteristics (insemination method and embryo cryopreservation duration).
Main results and the role of chance
A total of 406 cases from NC-FET and 602 cases from HRT-FET were included. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that pregnancies after HRT-FET had increased odds of HDPs [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39–4.29] in comparison to pregnancies after NC-FET. Singletons born after HRT-FET were at increased risk of macrosomia compared to NC group (aOR 2.74, 95%CI 1.10–6.87). No significant difference could be seen regarding other obstetrical complications including gestational diabetes, placenta previa, placental abruption and postpartum hemorrhage between HRT-FET and NC-FET. No significant differences were noticed for preterm birth and low birthweight between the different endometrial protocols.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Our study was retrospective in nature, and some cases were excluded due to missing data.
Wider implications of the findings
Pregnancies following HRT-FET are associated with higher risks of HDPs and macrosomia in ovulatory women. Physicians should be cautious on the decision of the endometrium preparation for FET, especially for those who can ovulate normally.
Trial registration number
2018YFC100310
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen university, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Tan
- Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University- Guangdong., Center for reproductive medicine
| | - Y Chen
- Shunde Women and Children‘s Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, center for reproductive medicine, Shunde, China
| | - X Li
- Shenzhen Martinity&Child Healthcare Hospital, center for reproductive medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Y Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen university, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Lin Q, Zhu X, Lin J, Fang J, Gu F, Sun X, Wang Y. Outcomes of Local Ablative Therapy for Metachronous Oligometastatic Non-Small Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Gu F, Jungquist C, Sonia A, Liu L, Repasky E, Schlecht N, Reid M, Ambrosone C, Andrew R, Singh A. 1025 Sleep Patterns In Head Neck Cancer Patients During Radiotherapy. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Sleep disturbances are reported to be highly prevalent in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, but no carefully assessed sleep data exists in patients with HNC undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
Methods
To objectively assess sleep patterns in this study population, we conducted a pilot study in 15 patients and 13 non-cancer healthy volunteers. Patients wore the wrist Actiwatch Spectrum (Philips Respironics) at week 1, 3, and 6/7 during the 7-week treatment period. Volunteers wore the Actiwatch for one week. We used the Actiware software to calculate sleep parameters. A sleep log was used as a complement to define participants’ bedtime and rise-up time. Any sleep episode scored by the software during daytime was considered as a nap.
Results
Compared to healthy volunteers, patients had lower overnight sleep efficiency, longer sleep onset latency and more waking time after sleep onset (WASO), indicating more difficulty falling asleep and maintaining sleep. During CRT, patients’ sleep efficiency decreased whereas latency and WASO increased, indicating possible the decrease of sleep quality. Sleep efficiency of <85% has been used previously as a cut-off for poor sleep; based on this criteria, 45% of HNC patients had poor sleep at treatment baseline, compared to 31% in non-cancer volunteers, and this proportion increased to 51% by the end of treatment. Patients had longer napping time: compared to healthy volunteers, the napping time was on average 2 hours longer at baseline, and 3 hours longer at the end of treatment, indicating unhealthy sleep habits of these patients.
Conclusion
Our data suggested HNC patients had severe sleep disturbances and unhealthy sleep habits, which were aggravated during CRT treatment.
Support
This study was supported by UL1TR001412-04, a Clinical and Translational Research Award under SUNY-Buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - C Jungquist
- SUNY-Buffalo, School of Nursing, Buffalo, NY
| | - A Sonia
- Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - L Liu
- Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA
| | - E Repasky
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - N Schlecht
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - M Reid
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - C Ambrosone
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - R Andrew
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - A Singh
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
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Gu F, Li ZH, Wang CQ, Yuan QF, Yan ZM. Effects of forkhead Box protein A1 on cell proliferation regulating and EMT of cervical carcinoma. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 22:7189-7196. [PMID: 30468461 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer is a common tumor in gynecological malignancies. However, the patients are often in an advanced stage when diagnosed. It was found that forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) is abnormally expressed in various tumors, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and is closely related to tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the expression and the related roles of FOXA1 in cervical cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Real Time-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to analyze expression of FOXA1 in cervical cancer and adjacent tissue. The small-interfere RNA (siRNA) was adopted to down-regulate FOXA1 expression in HeLa cells. The effect of FOXA1 on apoptosis of HeLa cells was detected by using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The apoptosis rate of HeLa cells was detected by using flow cytometry. The Western blot was selected to evaluate the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related protein, vimentin, E-cadherin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) changes. RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues, FOXA1 mRNA and protein expressions significantly increased in cervical cancer (p<0.05). SiRNA significantly reduced FOXA1 expression in Hela cells compared with the control group and siRNA-NC group, thus inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and enhancing cell apoptosis rate (p<0.05). E-cadherin elevated, Vimentin decreased, and VEGF reduced after FOXA1 siRNA treatment. CONCLUSIONS FOXA1 expression increased in cervical cancer. Inhibition of FOXA1 expression blocked the proliferation of cervical cancer, promoted tumor cell apoptosis, suppressed the occurrence of EMT and VEGF production, and can regulate cervical cancer metastasis. FOXA1 can be used as a new molecular biological target for cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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13
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Wu D, Hong X, Liu Y, Zhang K, Hu Y, Gu F, Liu Y, Zhao Z, Liu J, Liu L. EP1.01-55 Neoantigen Deletion Leads to Hyperprogressive Disease (HPD) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Treated with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wu N, Cheng G, Wang J, Su X, Song H, Li Y, Gu F, Sun X, Li X. The Preliminary Results of a Retrospective Multicenter Study on Clinical Effect for Chinese Patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cheng G, Wu N, Su X, Song H, Li Y, Gu F, Sun X, Li X. A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Analysis of Oncologic Outcomes for Chinese Patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Undergoing Platinum-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.07.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhu Y, Jiang C, Gu F, Lin Q, Sun X, Xu Y. OA01.02 The Estimate of Shrinking Field and SIB Radiotherapy Guided by 18F-FDG PET/CT in Locally Advanced NSCLC Patients: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hancock DB, Guo Y, Reginsson GW, Gaddis NC, Lutz SM, Sherva R, Loukola A, Minica CC, Markunas CA, Han Y, Young KA, Gudbjartsson DF, Gu F, McNeil DW, Qaiser B, Glasheen C, Olson S, Landi MT, Madden PAF, Farrer LA, Vink J, Saccone NL, Neale MC, Kranzler HR, McKay J, Hung RJ, Amos CI, Marazita ML, Boomsma DI, Baker TB, Gelernter J, Kaprio J, Caporaso NE, Thorgeirsson TE, Hokanson JE, Bierut LJ, Stefansson K, Johnson EO. Genome-wide association study across European and African American ancestries identifies a SNP in DNMT3B contributing to nicotine dependence. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1911-1919. [PMID: 28972577 PMCID: PMC5882602 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide. Nicotine dependence, which reduces the likelihood of quitting smoking, is a heritable trait with firmly established associations with sequence variants in nicotine acetylcholine receptor genes and at other loci. To search for additional loci, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of nicotine dependence, totaling 38,602 smokers (28,677 Europeans/European Americans and 9925 African Americans) across 15 studies. In this largest-ever GWAS meta-analysis for nicotine dependence and the largest-ever cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis for any smoking phenotype, we reconfirmed the well-known CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 genes and further yielded a novel association in the DNA methyltransferase gene DNMT3B. The intronic DNMT3B rs910083-C allele (frequency=44-77%) was associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence at P=3.7 × 10-8 (odds ratio (OR)=1.06 and 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.04-1.07 for severe vs mild dependence). The association was independently confirmed in the UK Biobank (N=48,931) using heavy vs never smoking as a proxy phenotype (P=3.6 × 10-4, OR=1.05, and 95% CI=1.02-1.08). Rs910083-C is also associated with increased risk of squamous cell lung carcinoma in the International Lung Cancer Consortium (N=60,586, meta-analysis P=0.0095, OR=1.05, and 95% CI=1.01-1.09). Moreover, rs910083-C was implicated as a cis-methylation quantitative trait locus (QTL) variant associated with higher DNMT3B methylation in fetal brain (N=166, P=2.3 × 10-26) and a cis-expression QTL variant associated with higher DNMT3B expression in adult cerebellum from the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (N=103, P=3.0 × 10-6) and the independent Brain eQTL Almanac (N=134, P=0.028). This novel DNMT3B cis-acting QTL variant highlights the importance of genetically influenced regulation in brain on the risks of nicotine dependence, heavy smoking and consequent lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Y Guo
- Center for Genomics in Public Health and Medicine, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - N C Gaddis
- Research Computing Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - S M Lutz
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Loukola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C C Minica
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C A Markunas
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Y Han
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - K A Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D F Gudbjartsson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - F Gu
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - D W McNeil
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - B Qaiser
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C Glasheen
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - S Olson
- Public Health Informatics Program, eHealth, Quality and Analytics Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - M T Landi
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Vink
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N L Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - M C Neale
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - H R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - R J Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C I Amos
- Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T B Baker
- Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N E Caporaso
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - J E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - L J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - E O Johnson
- Fellow Program and Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Xu Y, Jiang C, Han S, Lin G, Gu F, Lin Q, Feng J. P3.17-003 A Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of C-Met Kinase, BPI-9016M, Has Synergistic Effects with Radiation on Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang GL, Gao Y, Liu Y, Gu F, Su W, Qin Q, Chen JY, Zhang HH, Yang J, Liu XY. [Refractory kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome: clinical analysis of 10 cases]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:700-704. [PMID: 28881518 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical value of sirolimus plus prednisone for the treatment of the refractory kaposiform hemangioendothelioma(RKHE) and Kasabach-Merritt syndrome(KMS). Method: Clinical retrospective analysis was carried out for 10 patients recruited in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Paediatrics from January 2014 to January 2017 who were non responders to or relapsers after the treatment of propranolol, prednisone, pingyangmycin and lauromacrogol(5 cases RKHE, 5 cases RKHE plus KMS, age ranged from 6 days to 9 years); patients were treated with sirolimus at the dosage of 0.035 ml/(kg·d), once a day, for 6-410 days; the diagnosis of 10 patients were confirmed by pathological biopsy and immunohistochemical examination(IHC); the difference of the coagulation parameters and the platelet counts, the size of tumor and ecchymosis at different stages of treatment were recorded and measured by scale and ultrasonography; the side effects of sirolimus were recorded as well. Result: Clinical characteristics of 10 cases (6 male and 4 female) RKHE with KMS were refractory dark red hard hemangioma or ecchymosis, the platelet counts were lower than 30.0×10(9)/L, (15±7)×10(9)/L, coagulation tests were obviously abnormal, fibrinogens were significantly decreased(0.8±0.5)g/L, the fibrin lysates and D-dimer were significantly increased(100±23)mg/L, (10 000±2 200)ng/L, the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were prolonged(25.0±2.1)s, (58.0±3.4)s. The pathologic characteristics of the tumors were similar: spindle tumor cells, mass distribution and deeply stained nuclei tumor cells. IHC revealed positive staining for D2-40, CD31 and CD34. Stainings for factor Ⅷ and GLUT-1 were negative. In five cases RKHE plus KMS were treated with sirolimus and prednisone, after (6.5±0.7) days treatment, the platelet counts were obviously increased(72.0±0.6)×10(9)/L, coagulation parameters were obviously improved, fibrinogen significantly increased(1.5±0.2)g/L, the fibrinlysates and D-dimer significantly decreased(7±3)mg/L, (2 300±200)ng/L, the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were prolonged(15±2.3)s, (42±3.4) s, and the sizes of tumor and ecchymosis were slightly shrunken 18%±3%, 38%±5%; after (30±5.7) days treatment, the platelet counts and coagulation parameters returned to normal(146±36)×10(9)/L, and the size of tumor and ecchymosis were obviously shrunken 73%±3%, 97%±3%; after (3±0.4) months treatment, the tumor was obviously shrunken by 93%±2% and no longer palpable. In five cases with RKHE without KMS manifested stubborn dark red hard hemangiomatous plaques, coagulation tests and platelet were obviously normal, these patients were treated with sirolimus, after (2.0±0.6) months treatment, the tumor became shrunken 8%±3%, with continuous treatment the tumor shrunk gradually, after (4.0±3.2)months(2-18 mouths) the tumor was not eliminated 51%±7%. Conclusion: RKHE and KMS have typical clinical, laboratory and pathological characteristics, sirolimus plus prednisone have remarkable efficacy and minor side effects, it should be recommended for the treatment of KHE with KMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Paediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
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Gu F, Zhu W, Guo L, Zhou C. Recurrence potential of benign multiple and single endometrial polyps in premenopausal women—a prospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gu F, Li L, Yuan QF, Li C, Li ZH. Down-regulation of survivin enhances paclitaxel-induced Hela cell apoptosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:3504-3509. [PMID: 28829489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Paclitaxel is one of the common anticancer drugs in the treatment of cervical cancer, while the mechanism of restraining and killing cancer cells is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of paclitaxel in regulating proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer Hela cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paclitaxel at 2 μmol/L was used to treat Hela cells for 48 h. MTT assay and flow cytometry were applied to test Hela cells proliferation and apoptosis respectively. Western blot was adopted to determine the expression of survivin. SiRNA was performed to suppress survivin protein expression in Hela cells. RESULTS Paclitaxel restrained Hela cells growth and induced apoptosis. Also, paclitaxel treatment significantly reduced survivin protein expression in Hela cells. Moreover, survivin siRNA transfection further promoted Hela cells apoptosis after intervention by 2 μmol/L paclitaxel. CONCLUSIONS Down-regulation of survivin promoted paclitaxel-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer Hela cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
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Gu F, Zhang H, Hyland PL, Berndt S, Gapstur SM, Wheeler W, Shi J, Yu K, Teresa Landi M, Caporaso NE. 0031 INHERITED VARIATION IN CIRCADIAN RHYTHM GENES AND RISKS OF PROSTATE CANCER AND THREE OTHER CANCER SITES IN COMBINED CANCER CONSORTIA. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gu F, Noonepalle SK, Lee EJ, Choi JH, Shull AY, Pei L, Sreekumar A, Ambs S, Shi H. Abstract P6-02-08: Modulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO1) expression in breast cancer cells by activated CD8+ T cells is controlled by DNA promoter methylation. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p6-02-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a critical role in regulating the immunomodulatory properties of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the specific adaptations that TNBC tumors undergo when challenged by lymphocyte infiltration remain unclear. In order to address this gap in knowledge, we conducted an immuno-phenotype comparison using mRNA sequencing between the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 and the luminal breast cancer cell line MCF7 after both were co-cultured with activated human T-cells. Although the cytokine-induced immune signature of the two cell lines were similar, MDA-MD-231 cells were able to transcribe the tryptophan catabolizing enzyme IDO1 at a significantly higher level than MCF7 cells. Stimulation with IFNg was able to differentially induce IDO protein expression and enzymatic activity in ER- cell lines compared to ER+ cell lines, though no differences were observed in upstream JAK/STAT1 signaling or IDO1 mRNA stability between the two cell lines. Further experiments showed that treatment with the demethylating agent 5-aza-deoxycytidine was able to reverse suppression of IDO1 expression in MCF7 cells, suggesting that DNA methylation serves as a potential determinant in IDO1 induction. Analysis of TCGA and other previously published breast cancer datasets revealed subtype-specific mRNA and promoter methylation differences in IDO1, with TNBC/basal-like subtypes exhibiting lower promoter methylation and higher mRNA expression than ER+/luminal subtypes. Bisulfite pyrosequencing validated the subtype-specific association of decreased promoter methylation with increased IDO1 expression in breast cancer cell lines and an independent cohort of primary breast tumors. In addition, decreased IDO1 promoter methylation and elevated IDO1 expression in basal-like breast tumors was found to be associated with increased levels of kynurenine, the metabolic product of IDO1, as well as higher numbers of CD8+ TILs. Furthermore, high kynurenine levels in breast tumors were associated with worse patient survival. Taken together, these findings suggest that subtype-specific IDO1 promoter methylation regulates the ability of breast tumors to escape from antitumor immune responses driven by CD8+ TILs and could be used as a predictive biomarker for IDO inhibitor-based immunotherapy.
Citation Format: Gu F, Noonepalle SK, Lee E-J, Choi J-H, Shull AY, Pei L, Sreekumar A, Ambs S, Shi H. Modulation of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO1) expression in breast cancer cells by activated CD8+ T cells is controlled by DNA promoter methylation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-02-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - SK Noonepalle
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - E-J Lee
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - J-H Choi
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - AY Shull
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - L Pei
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - A Sreekumar
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - S Ambs
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
| | - H Shi
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA; Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA
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Feng X, Chen W, Xiao L, Gu F, Huang J, Tsao BP, Sun L. Artesunate inhibits type I interferon-induced production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2016; 26:62-72. [PMID: 27230555 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316651738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key regulator of both atherosclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet factors leading to its overproduction remain unclear. To explore regulation of MIF in SLE, we studied effects and potential mechanisms of type I interferon (IFN) and artesunate (ART), an antimalarial agent extracted from Chinese herbs, on levels of MIF. METHODS Serum and peripheral blood cells from SLE patients and healthy controls were measured for MIF levels by ELISA and type I IFN-inducible gene expressions by real-time PCR, respectively, and assessed for associations by Spearman correlation. ART was added to human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) cultures with or without prior IFNα-1b stimulation and to SLE peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. Protein levels of STATs and phosphorylated (p-) STATs in HUVECs were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Serum MIF levels were elevated in SLE patients and positively associated with disease activity (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001), accumulated damage (r = 0.34, p < 0.05), and IFN scores in SLE PBMCs (r = 0.74, p = 0.0002). The addition of IFNα-1b promoted MIF production in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HUVEC cultures. ART could inhibit expressions of IFN-inducible genes (LY6E and ISG15) in both HUVEC and SLE PBMC cultures, and suppress MIF production and over-expression of p-STAT1, but not p-STAT3 or STAT5, induced by IFNα-1b stimulation. IFNγ-induced expression of p-STAT1 in HUVECs was not inhibited by ART. CONCLUSION MIF could be regulated by type I IFN in SLE patients. ART counteracts the effect of IFNα to inhibit MIF production by blocking STAT1 phosphorylation and thus may have therapeutic potential for SLE-associated atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - L Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - F Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - J Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - B P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - L Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Gu F, Hou L. 47P Self-reported depression among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(16)30161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prince D, Gu F, Parada I. Antiepileptogenic repair of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic connectivity after neocortical trauma. Progress in Brain Research 2016; 226:209-27. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hancock DB, Reginsson GW, Gaddis NC, Chen X, Saccone NL, Lutz SM, Qaiser B, Sherva R, Steinberg S, Zink F, Stacey SN, Glasheen C, Chen J, Gu F, Frederiksen BN, Loukola A, Gudbjartsson DF, Brüske I, Landi MT, Bickeböller H, Madden P, Farrer L, Kaprio J, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Baker TB, Kraft P, Amos CI, Caporaso NE, Hokanson JE, Bierut LJ, Thorgeirsson TE, Johnson EO, Stefansson K. Genome-wide meta-analysis reveals common splice site acceptor variant in CHRNA4 associated with nicotine dependence. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e651. [PMID: 26440539 PMCID: PMC4930126 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a 1000 Genomes-imputed genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis for nicotine dependence, defined by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence in 17 074 ever smokers from five European-ancestry samples. We followed up novel variants in 7469 ever smokers from five independent European-ancestry samples. We identified genome-wide significant association in the alpha-4 nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRNA4) gene on chromosome 20q13: lowest P=8.0 × 10(-9) across all the samples for rs2273500-C (frequency=0.15; odds ratio=1.12 and 95% confidence interval=1.08-1.17 for severe vs mild dependence). rs2273500-C, a splice site acceptor variant resulting in an alternate CHRNA4 transcript predicted to be targeted for nonsense-mediated decay, was associated with decreased CHRNA4 expression in physiologically normal human brains (lowest P=7.3 × 10(-4)). Importantly, rs2273500-C was associated with increased lung cancer risk (N=28 998, odds ratio=1.06 and 95% confidence interval=1.00-1.12), likely through its effect on smoking, as rs2273500-C was no longer associated with lung cancer after adjustment for smoking. Using criteria for smoking behavior that encompass more than the single 'cigarettes per day' item, we identified a common CHRNA4 variant with important regulatory properties that contributes to nicotine dependence and smoking-related consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Hancock
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Research Division, Research Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA,Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Research Division, Research Triangle Institute International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. E-mail:
| | | | - N C Gaddis
- Research Computing Division, Research Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - X Chen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine and Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - N L Saccone
- Department of Genetics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - S M Lutz
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - B Qaiser
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - F Zink
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - S N Stacey
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - C Glasheen
- Behavioral and Urban Health Program, Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Research Division, Research Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J Chen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - F Gu
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - A Loukola
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - I Brüske
- Institute of Epidemiology I, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M T Landi
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H Bickeböller
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Göttingen—Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - P Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Kaprio
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland,Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA,VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,VA CT Healthcare Center, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - T B Baker
- Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - P Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C I Amos
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA,Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanoven, NH, USA
| | - N E Caporaso
- Genetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J E Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - L J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - E O Johnson
- Fellow Program and Behavioral Health and Criminal Justice Research Division, Research Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - K Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Duan L, Huang M, Yan H, Zhang Y, Gu F. Cost-effectiveness analysis of two therapeutic schemes in the treatment of acromegaly: a retrospective study of 168 cases. J Endocrinol Invest 2015; 38:717-23. [PMID: 25783618 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-015-0242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to estimate the cost effectiveness of two therapeutic schemes, including preoperative medical therapy and surgery as primary therapy. METHODS A total of 168 acromegaly cases were retrospectively investigated for a comparative evaluation of surgery and preoperative medical therapy. A Markov model was developed to simulate treatment cost-effectiveness and progression of acromegaly. RESULTS Overall effectiveness of preoperative medical therapy was significantly higher than surgery in acromegalic patients with macroadenoma. In addition, life expectancy, and cost per life-year gained were slightly higher in the preoperative medical therapy group than in the initial surgery group when patients received surgery as a secondary treatment. Interestingly, preoperative medical therapy achieved a significant increase in life expectancy and reduced cost for patients who received long-term medical therapy as secondary treatment. CONCLUSIONS In acromegalic patients with macroadenoma, the cost-effectiveness analysis revealed more satisfactory outcomes in preoperative therapy, compared with primary surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Duan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - M Huang
- The Cardiology Department, Nanfang Hospital, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Yan
- Orthopedic Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of National Health Accounts and Policy Studies, China National Health Development Research Center, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - F Gu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
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Dong Y, Huang J, Li G, Li L, Li W, Li X, Liu X, Liu Z, Lu Y, Ma A, Sun H, Wang H, Wen X, Xu D, Yang J, Zhang J, Zhao H, Zhou J, Zhu L, Committee Members:, Bai L, Cao K, Chen M, Chen M, Dai G, Ding W, Dong W, Fang Q, Fang W, Fu X, Gao W, Gao R, Ge J, Ge Z, Gu F, Guo Y, Han H, Hu D, Huang W, Huang L, Huang C, Huang D, Huo Y, Jin W, Ke Y, Lei H, Li X, Li Y, Li D, Li G, Li X, Li Z, Liang Y, Liao Y, Liu G, Ma A, Ma C, Ma D, Ma Y, Shen L, Sun J, Sun C, Sun Y, Tang Q, Wan Z, Wang H, Wang J, Wang S, Wang D, Wang G, Wang J, Wu Y, Wu P, Wu S, Wu X, Wu Z, Yang J, Yang T, Yang X, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye P, Yu B, Yuan F, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Zhou X. Guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis in adults: The Task Force for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infective Endocarditis in Adults of Chinese Society of Cardiology of Chinese Medical Association, and of the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology. Eur Heart J Suppl 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suv031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhu YF, Fan DH, Zhou GH, Gu F. Engineering ZnO nanowire surfaces via a chemical method. Crystal Research and Technology 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201400162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. F. Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices; Huaiyin Institute of Technology; Huaian 223003 China
| | - D. H. Fan
- School of Applied Physics and Materials; Wuyi University; Jiangmen 529020 China
| | - G. H. Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices; Huaiyin Institute of Technology; Huaian 223003 China
| | - F. Gu
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; Huaiyin Institute of Technology; Huaian 223003 China
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Gu F, Wacholder S, Freedman ND, Panagiotou OA, Reyes-Guzman C, Bertazzi PA, Caporaso NE. Response. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106:dju350. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/dju350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Remoroza C, Wagenknecht M, Gu F, Buchholt H, Moerschbacher B, Schols H, Gruppen H. A Bacillus licheniformis pectin acetylesterase is specific for homogalacturonans acetylated at O-3. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 107:85-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Colao A, Bronstein MD, Freda P, Gu F, Shen CC, Gadelha M, Fleseriu M, van der Lely AJ, Farrall AJ, Hermosillo Reséndiz K, Ruffin M, Chen Y, Sheppard M. Pasireotide versus octreotide in acromegaly: a head-to-head superiority study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:791-9. [PMID: 24423324 PMCID: PMC3965714 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-2480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Biochemical control reduces morbidity and increases life expectancy in patients with acromegaly. With current medical therapies, including the gold standard octreotide long-acting-release (LAR), many patients do not achieve biochemical control. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to demonstrate the superiority of pasireotide LAR over octreotide LAR in medically naive patients with acromegaly. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study at 84 sites in 27 countries. PATIENTS A total of 358 patients with medically naive acromegaly (GH >5 μg/L or GH nadir ≥1 μg/L after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and IGF-1 above the upper limit of normal) were enrolled. Patients either had previous pituitary surgery but no medical treatment or were de novo with a visible pituitary adenoma on magnetic resonance imaging. INTERVENTIONS Patients received pasireotide LAR 40 mg/28 days (n = 176) or octreotide LAR 20 mg/28 days (n = 182) for 12 months. At months 3 and 7, titration to pasireotide LAR 60 mg or octreotide LAR 30 mg was permitted, but not mandatory, if GH ≥2.5μg/L and/or IGF-1 was above the upper limit of normal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The main outcome measure was the proportion of patients in each treatment arm with biochemical control (GH <2.5 μg/L and normal IGF-1) at month 12. RESULTS Biochemical control was achieved by significantly more pasireotide LAR patients than octreotide LAR patients (31.3% vs 19.2%; P = .007; 35.8% vs 20.9% when including patients with IGF-1 below the lower normal limit). In pasireotide LAR and octreotide LAR patients, respectively, 38.6% and 23.6% (P = .002) achieved normal IGF-1, and 48.3% and 51.6% achieved GH <2.5 μg/L. 31.0% of pasireotide LAR and 22.2% of octreotide LAR patients who did not achieve biochemical control did not receive the recommended dose increase. Hyperglycemia-related adverse events were more common with pasireotide LAR (57.3% vs 21.7%). CONCLUSIONS Pasireotide LAR demonstrated superior efficacy over octreotide LAR and is a viable new treatment option for acromegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia (A.C.), Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; Neuroendocrine Unit (M.D.B.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of São Paulo Medical School, 3858-Jardim Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Medicine (P.F.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032; Department of Endocrinology (F.G.), Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery (C.-C.S.), Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; Department of Physical Therapy (C.-C.S.), Hungkuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan; Department of Medicine and Tri-Service General Hospital (C.-C.S.), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; Endocrine Unit (M.G.), Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22421020, Brazil; Department of Medicine and Neurological Surgery (M.F.), Northwest Pituitary Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239; Department of Medicine (A.J.v.d.L.), Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Brain Research Imaging Centre (A.J.F.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; Clinical Development (K.H.R., Y.C.), Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Florham Park, New Jersey 07932; Clinical Development (M.R.), Oncology Business Unit, Novartis Pharma AG, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland; and Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism (M.S.), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B152TT
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Petersenn S, Newell-Price J, Findling JW, Gu F, Maldonado M, Sen K, Salgado LR, Colao A, Biller BMK. High variability in baseline urinary free cortisol values in patients with Cushing's disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 80:261-9. [PMID: 23746264 PMCID: PMC4231220 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC) sampling is commonly used to evaluate Cushing's syndrome. Because there are few data on UFC variability in patients with active Cushing's disease, we analysed baseline UFC in a large patient cohort with moderate-to-severe Cushing's disease and assessed whether variability correlates with hypercortisolism severity. These data will help clinicians establish the minimum number of UFC samples required to obtain reliable data. DESIGN Observational study (enrolment phase of Phase III study). METHODS Patients (n = 152) with persistent/recurrent or de novo Cushing's disease and mean UFC (mUFC) ≥1·5×ULN (normal: 30-145 nmol/24 h) were included. Mean UFC level was calculated from four 24-h urine samples collected over 2 weeks. RESULTS Over 600 24-h UFC samples were analysed. The mUFC levels of samples 1 and 2 and samples 3 and 4 were 1000 nmol/24 h (SD 1872) and 940 nmol/24 h (SD 2148), respectively; intrapatient coefficient of variation (CV) was 38% for mUFC. The intrapatient CV using all four samples was 52% (95% CI: 48-56). The intrapatient CV was 51% (95% CI: 44-58) for samples 1 and 2, 49% (95% CI: 43-56) for samples 3 and 4 and 54% (95% CI: 49-59) for samples 1, 2 and 3. Variability in mUFC increased as UFC levels increased. There were no correlations between UFC and clinical features of hypercortisolism. CONCLUSIONS There is intrapatient variability of approximately 50% in 24-h UFC measurements, which is relevant to targets set to estimate any treatment effect. Analysing more than two 24-h collection periods in individual patients does not result in a relevant decrease in variability. Interestingly, UFC levels did not correlate with hypercortisolism severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Petersenn
- ENDOC Center for Endocrine TumorsHamburg, Germany
| | - J Newell-Price
- The Medical School, University of SheffieldSheffield, UK
| | - J W Findling
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Clinical Nutrition, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, USA
| | - F Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing, China
| | - M Maldonado
- Clinical Development, Oncology Business Unit, Novartis Pharma AGBasel, Switzerland
| | - K Sen
- Oncology Biometrics and Data Management, Novartis Pharmaceuticals CorporationFlorham Park, NJ, USA
| | - L R Salgado
- General Internal Medicine Service, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università di Napoli ‘Federico II’Naples, Italy
| | - B M K Biller
- Neuroendocrine Clinical Center, Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MA, USA
- Correspondence: Stephan Petersenn, ENDOC Center for Endocrine Tumors, Altonaer Str. 59, 20357 Hamburg, Germany. Tel.: +49 40 401 87985; Fax: +49 40 401 86629; E-mail:
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Zhang XG, Du AN, Geng C, Guo F, He M, Gu F, Wang J, Song WB, Xu H, Sheng W, Liu Y, Ye T. Clinical and experimental observations of peripheral blood leukocytes and nucleated bone marrow cells after local irradiation. Minerva Med 2014; 105:51-56. [PMID: 24351978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Aim of the study was to observe the impact of bone marrow damage induced by local irradiation on leukopenia. METHODS For the human study, five cancer patients received local radiation therapy. Bone marrow aspiration was conducted to measure nucleated cell count and 99mTc-Sc sulfur colloid ECT imaging was carried out to examine bone marrow function. For the animal study, fifty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 3 groups: non-irradiated control group (N.=10), abdomen irradiation group (irradiation area did not cover bone marrow) (N.=20), chest irradiation group (irradiation area covered bone marrow) (N.=20). Nucleated cell counts were taken after confirming onset of leukopenia. RESULTS Bone marrow of five patients proliferated normally. ECT imaging showed no abnormality in the pattern of red bone marrow distribution. Hematopoietic function was mildly active. CONCLUSION Suppressed myeloproliferative function does not fully account for irradiation-induced leukopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- X G Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu University Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital (Xuzhou Tumor Hospital), Xuzhou, China -
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Gu F, Chauhan V, Kaur K, Brown WT, LaFauci G, Wegiel J, Chauhan A. Alterations in mitochondrial DNA copy number and the activities of electron transport chain complexes and pyruvate dehydrogenase in the frontal cortex from subjects with autism. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e299. [PMID: 24002085 PMCID: PMC3784762 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with social deficits and behavioral abnormalities. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress may contribute to the etiology of autism. This is the first study to compare the activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes (I-V) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), as well as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in the frontal cortex tissues from autistic and age-matched control subjects. The activities of complexes I, V and PDH were most affected in autism (n=14) being significantly reduced by 31%, 36% and 35%, respectively. When 99% confidence interval (CI) of control group was taken as a reference range, impaired activities of complexes I, III and V were observed in 43%, 29% and 43% of autistic subjects, respectively. Reduced activities of all five ETC complexes were observed in 14% of autistic cases, and the activities of multiple complexes were decreased in 29% of autistic subjects. These results suggest that defects in complexes I and III (sites of mitochondrial free radical generation) and complex V (adenosine triphosphate synthase) are more prevalent in autism. PDH activity was also reduced in 57% of autistic subjects. The ratios of mtDNA of three mitochondrial genes ND1, ND4 and Cyt B (that encode for subunits of complexes I and III) to nuclear DNA were significantly increased in autism, suggesting a higher mtDNA copy number in autism. Compared with the 95% CI of the control group, 44% of autistic children showed higher copy numbers of all three mitochondrial genes examined. Furthermore, ND4 and Cyt B deletions were observed in 44% and 33% of autistic children, respectively. This study indicates that autism is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - V Chauhan
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - K Kaur
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - W T Brown
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - G LaFauci
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - J Wegiel
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - A Chauhan
- NYS Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
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Wang S, Zhang J, Luo D, Gu F, Tang D, Dong Z, Tan G, Que W, Zhang T, Li S, Kong L. Transparent ceramics: Processing, materials and applications. PROG SOLID STATE CH 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072, China
| | - L. He
- Peiyang Chemical Equipment Co., Ltd; Tianjin 300072, China
| | - B.T. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072, China
| | - F. Gu
- Tianjin Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute; Tianjin 300072, China
| | - C.J. Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072, China
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Fung A, Yang CY, Freire S, Montemagno C, Brough B, Ho CM, Gu F, Shi W. Fluorescent Detection of Oral Pathogens by a Solid-Phase Immunoassay on PDMS. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2005:2630-3. [PMID: 17282778 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1617009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an array of sensors for the oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) using an enzymelinked linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) device. The model bacterial analyte, S. mutans, has been implicated in the initiation and progression of dental caries. The PDMS was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilance (APTS) and glutaraldehyde to covalently crosslink monoclonal anti-S. mutans immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the sensor surface. Successful IgG immobilization was verified by AFM and fluorescence imaging. Colloidal bacteria were captured on the sensor surface and labeled with immuno-active quantum dots (QDs), whose fluorescence was excited by an LED and detected by a CCD. The system was capable of detecting S. mutans concentrations as low as 6 10<sup>6</sup>cells/ml in a 20 μl sample. This work represents a stable foundation for the development of a chair side diagnostic system capable of specific and sensitive detection of pathogens directly from oral fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fung
- Dept. of Bioengineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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Barnett BL, Dunaway M, Chen L, Rydel T, Natchus M, Gu F. Inhibition of MMP-1, 3, and 13 by same inhibitor – structure based design study. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311089112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Gu F, Strauss GM, Wisnivesky JP. Platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the SEER-Medicare database: Comparison between carboplatin- and cisplatin-based regimens. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.7014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Gu F, Bresciani E, Barata TJ, Fagundes TC, Navarro MF, Dickens SH, Fenno JC, Peters MC. In vivo acid etching effect on bacteria within caries-affected dentin. Caries Res 2010; 44:472-7. [PMID: 20861631 DOI: 10.1159/000320362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid etching procedures may disrupt residual bacteria and contribute to the success of incomplete caries removal followed by adhesive restoration. This study evaluated the in vivo effect of acid etching on cariogenic bacterial activity within affected dentin after minimally invasive treatment of caries lesions. Twenty-eight carious permanent teeth received standardized selective caries removal and random acid etch treatment (E) or not (NE) prior to adhesive restoration. Baseline and 3-month dentin biopsies were collected. The number of bacteria and activity of total bacterial cells and Streptococcus mutans were determined by quantitative PCR and RT-PCR. No statistically significant differences were observed in total bacterial number and activity between E and NE treatments (p > 0.3008). For NE, however, the residual S. mutans bacterial cells were reduced (p = 0.0027), while the activity per cell was significantly increased (p = 0.0010) after reentry at 3 months after restoration. This effect was not observed in group E. Although no significant differences were found between groups, this study suggests that acid etching of affected dentin prior to adhesive restoration may directly or indirectly have an inhibitive effect on the activity of residual cariogenic bacteria. Further research is required to investigate this potential effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Pan X, Gong N, Zhao J, Yu Z, Gu F, Chen J, Sun X, Zhao L, Yu M, Xu Z, Dong W, Qin Y, Fei G, Zhong C, Xu TL. Powerful beneficial effects of benfotiamine on cognitive impairment and -amyloid deposition in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 transgenic mice. Brain 2010; 133:1342-51. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Gu F, Qureshi AA, Kraft P, Guo Q, Hunter DJ, Han J. Polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA repair, cell growth, oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and melanoma risk. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:209-12. [PMID: 19438866 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Human saliva can be separated by centrifugation into cell pellet and cell-free supernatant, which are called cellular phase and liquid phase in this study. While it is well documented that the cellular phase of saliva contains hundreds of oral bacteria species, little is known whether the liquid phase of saliva contains any information related to oral microbiota. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial nucleic acid contents of the liquid phase of saliva. Using primers universal to most eubacterial 16S rDNA, we detected large amounts of bacterial 16S rRNA and rDNA in the cell-free phase of saliva. Random sequencing analysis of forty PCR amplicons from the cell-free phase of saliva led to 15 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) groups. Furthermore, using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), we compared 16S rRNA/rDNA profiles derived from liquid phases and cellular phases of saliva samples, and found positive correlations (Pearson Correlation=0.822, P<0.001) between these sample groups. These findings indicate that the liquid phase of saliva contains numerous bacterial 16S rRNA/rDNA molecules that have correlations with bacteria existing in the cellular phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gu
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Wang A, Guimaraes A, Zhang L, Gu F, Langer R, Weissleder R, Farokhzad O. Development of Novel Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Combined Imaging and Targeted Delivery of Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cui LF, Guo XJ, Wei J, Liu FF, Fan Y, Lang RG, Gu F, Zhang XM, Fu L. Overexpression of TNF-alpha and TNFRII in invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast: clinicopathological correlations. Histopathology 2008; 53:381-8. [PMID: 18764880 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2008.03128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Angiogenesis is essential for tumour growth and metastasis and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is a potent angiogenic factor. Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC), a rare subtype of breast cancer, possesses a lymphotropic nature with a high incidence of lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. The aim was to evaluate the role of TNF-alpha and its receptor TNFRII in the vascular development and metastasis of IMPC. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred cases of IMPC and 97 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified (IDC) were studied in parallel by immunohistochemistry for TNF-alpha and TNFRII, and microvessel density (MVD) of the tumours was measured. The results showed that the expression of TNF-alpha and TNFRII and the MVD were higher in IMPC than in IDC (P < 0.05). In IMPC, MVD was significantly increased in those with lymph node metastasis compared with those without nodal metastasis (P = 0.001). TNF-alpha expression showed a significant positive correlation with the rate of proliferation, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and MVD (P < 0.05), whereas expression of TNFRII was correlated with TNF-alpha expression and the proliferation of tumour cells in IMPC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Expression of TNF-alpha and TNFRII might play an important role in the angiogenesis, tumour cell proliferation and metastasis of IMPC. These markers could represent new targets for therapeutic intervention, i.e. blocking of TNF-alpha and its signal transduction could be a promising tool for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Cui
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
AIM To determine whether NTrainer patterned orocutaneous therapy affects preterm infants' non-nutritive suck and/or oral feeding success. SUBJECTS Thirty-one preterm infants (mean gestational age 29.3 weeks) who demonstrated minimal non-nutritive suck output and delayed transition to oral feeds at 34 weeks post-menstrual age. INTERVENTION NTrainer treatment was provided to 21 infants. The NTrainer promotes non-nutritive suck output by providing patterned orocutaneous stimulation through a silicone pacifier that mimics the temporal organization of suck. METHOD Infants' non-nutritive suck pressure signals were digitized in the NICU before and after NTrainer therapy and compared to matched controls. Non-nutritive suck motor pattern stability was calculated based on infants' time- and amplitude-normalized digital suck pressure signals, producing a single value termed the Non-Nutritive Suck Spatiotemporal Index. Percent oral feeding was the other outcome of interest, and revealed the NTrainer's ability to advance the infant from gavage to oral feeding. RESULTS Multilevel regression analyses revealed that treated infants manifest a disproportionate increase in suck pattern stability and percent oral feeding, beyond that attributed to maturational effects alone. CONCLUSION The NTrainer patterned orocutaneous therapy effectively accelerates non-nutritive suck development and oral feeding success in preterm infants who are at risk for oromotor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Poore
- Department of Speech-Language-Hearing: Sciences and Disorders, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045-7555, USA
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