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Habib RZ, Kindi RA, Salem FA, Kittaneh WF, Poulose V, Iftikhar SH, Mourad AHI, Thiemann T. Microplastic Contamination of Chicken Meat and Fish through Plastic Cutting Boards. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192013442. [PMID: 36294029 PMCID: PMC9602623 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic contamination was found in fish and chicken bought on the market, in food stores and in chain supermarkets in the Middle East with the contamination ranging from 0.03 ± 0.04 to 1.19 ± 0.72 particles per gram of meat in chicken and from 0.014 ± 0.024 to 2.6 ± 2.8 particles per gram in fish. Only one fish was found to be free of microplastic. The source of the microplastic was established to be the polythene-based plastic cutting board the food was cut on. More microplastic contamination was found in food cut from the bone than in cut fillets when the fillets themselves were prepared on surfaces other than plastic. Washing the fish and chicken before food preparation decreased but did not completely remove the microplastic contamination. The fate of the microplastic in grilled fish was studied. The mechanical properties of typical plastic cutting boards commercially used in the markets were investigated in the form of tensile, hardness, and wear tests. Overall, the plastic cutting boards showed similar wear rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Zeeshan Habib
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ruwaya Al Kindi
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Feras Al Salem
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wajeeh Faris Kittaneh
- Department of Geology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vijo Poulose
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed Haris Iftikhar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdel-Hamid Ismail Mourad
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thies Thiemann
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Salem FA, Bergenfelz A, Nordenström E, Almquist M. Central lymph node dissection and permanent hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer: population-based study. Br J Surg 2021; 108:684-690. [PMID: 34157088 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer is treated with total/near-total thyroidectomy (TT) with or without central lymph node dissection (CLND), depending on risk factors and tumour size. Balancing the risk of disease recurrence and surgical morbidity remains a challenge. A population-based nationwide study was undertaken to evaluate the risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism associated with CLND. METHOD Data on patients with stage pT1-3 papillary thyroid cancer, who underwent TT with or without CLND between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2014 were retrieved from the Scandinavian Quality Register for Thyroid, Parathyroid and Adrenal Surgery. Drug use was ascertained by cross-linking with the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Permanent hypoparathyroidism was defined as treatment with active D vitamin or oral calcium drugs for more than 6 months after surgery. Data were analysed separately for all patients and those who underwent TT + CLND. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done, yielding odds ratios (ORs) with 95 per cent confidence intervals. RESULTS A total of 722 patients were included in the study. Permanent hypoparathyroidism was more common in the TT + CLND group than the TT group: 30 of 265 patients (6·6 per cent) versus six of 457 (2·3 per cent) (P = 0·011). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, CLND was a risk factor for permanent hypoparathyroidism (OR 3·74, 95 per cent c.i. 1·46 to 9·59, based on use of combined therapy 6 months after surgery). In patients who had TT + CLND, node negativity was associated with a risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism (OR 3·08, 1·31 to 7·25). CONCLUSION CLND is an independent risk factor for permanent hypoparathyroidism. Node negativity is associated with a higher risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Salem
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Bergenfelz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - E Nordenström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Almquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Salem FA, Almquist M, Nordenström E, Dahlberg J, Hessman O, Lundgren CI, Bergenfelz A. A Nested Case-Control Study on the Risk of Surgical Site Infection After Thyroid Surgery. World J Surg 2018; 42:2454-2461. [PMID: 29470699 PMCID: PMC6060833 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-018-4492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction It is unclear if antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) in thyroid surgery. This study assessed risk factors for SSI and antibiotic prophylaxis in subgroups of patients. Method and design A nested case–control study on patients registered in the Swedish National Register for Endocrine Surgery was performed. Patients with SSI were matched 1:1 by age and gender to controls. Additional information on patients with SSI and controls was queried from attending surgeons using a questionnaire. Risk factors for SSI were evaluated by logistic regression analysis and presented as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results There were 9494 operations; 109 (1.2%) patients had SSI. Patients with SSI were older (median 53 vs. 49 years) than patients without SSI p = 0.01 and more often had a cancer diagnosis 23 (21.1%) versus 1137 (12.1%) p = 0.01. In the analysis of patients with SSI versus controls, patients with SSI more often had post-operative drainage 68 (62.4%) versus 46 (42.2%) p = 0.01 and lymph node surgery 40 (36.7%) versus 14 (13.0%) p < 0.01, and both were independent risk factors for SSI, drain OR 1.82 (CI 1.04–3.18) and lymph node dissection, OR 3.22 (95% CI 1.32–7.82). A higher number of 26(62%) patients with independent risk factors for SSI and diagnosed with SSI did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. Data were missing for 8 (31%) patients. Conclusion Lymph node dissection and drain are independent risk factors for SSI after thyroidectomy. Antibiotic prophylaxis might be considered in patients with these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Salem
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,Skåne University Hospital, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
| | - M Almquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - E Nordenström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Dahlberg
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Hessman
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C I Lundgren
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Bergenfelz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Rao RM, Salem FA, Gleason-Jordan I. Antidiabetic effects of a dietary supplement "Pancreas Tonic". J Natl Med Assoc 1998; 90:614-8. [PMID: 9803726 PMCID: PMC2608368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Pancreas Tonic, a dietary supplement, contains plant products shown to possess hypoglycemic activity. This study investigated the effect of Pancreas Tonic on serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and pancreatic islet cell regeneration of rats. Results showed that body weights of three groups of rats were not significantly different from each other before the study period, and after the 12 week study, weights increased with nonsignificant difference among the groups. The diabetic group had significantly higher serum glucose levels compared with controls, and the diet-treated group had significantly lower serum glucose levels compared with the diabetic group. The diabetic group's glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly higher compared with the control group, and the diet-treated group had significantly lower glycosylated hemoglobin levels compared with the diabetic and control groups. Histological analysis of the pancreas showed a generalized reduction in size and number of islets in the diabetic group and regeneration of islet cells in the diet-treated group compared with the diabetic group. The diabetic group had a significant reduction in the number of cells compared with controls. The diet-treated group contained a significantly increased number of cells compared with the diabetic group. These data suggest that Pancreas Tonic induced an antidiabetic effect through pancreatic islet cell regeneration in experimental rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA
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Abstract
Cognitive impairment has been reported to occur in minor head injury (concussion). The value of the P300 evoked potential as a measure of cerebral concussion was studied in 20 patients with minor head injury and compared with the data from 20 normal subjects. Significant abnormalities of the P300 latency and amplitude were noted in these patients in the post-concussion period. The abnormalities improved completely on repeat testing. The correlation of the P300 to other parameters of head injury is discussed. The P300 constitutes a simple laboratory test that is sensitive measure of cerebral dysfunction in concussive head injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pratap-Chand
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Abstract
Tuberculosis involving the endocardium is extremely rare. The diagnosis is usually made during autopsy. Often there is involvement of other parts of the heart as well as other regions of the body. The infection is a result of direct extension from the myocardium or hematogenous spread. Two cases of disseminated tuberculosis with endocardial involvement are reported. In Case 1 miliary tuberculosis was diagnosed during life but the patient succumbed to extensive disease on the third hospital day. The patient in Case 2 presented with congestive cardiac failure and the possibility of tuberculosis was not suspected during life.
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Mandal AK, Rozer MA, Salem FA, Oparah SS. Localized benign mesothelioma of the pleura associated with a hypoglycemic episode. Arch Intern Med 1983; 143:1608-10. [PMID: 6870444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A patient had severe, episodic hypoglycemia with a mass occupying almost the entire left hemithorax. This mass was initially thought to be an inoperable intrathoracic malignant neoplasm. The findings during operation and the histologic appearance, however, were of a unique, localized benign mesothelioma.
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Abstract
A 52-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with headache, confusion, and early papilledema. He was receiving prednisone and azathioprine for interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. A right temporoparietal cerebral abscess was diagnosed by computed tomographic scan, brain scan, and cerebral angiography. Fungal cultures of pus obtained at operation grew a pigmented fungus, Cladosporium trichoides. Three additional abscesses were found in the right cerebellar hemisphere at autopsy after the patient died of an unrelated cause. Chromomycosis occurring at sites other than skin is extremely rare. No lesions were detected outside the CNS in our patient. C trichoides has not been previously recognized as an agent causing disease in compromised hosts.
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Savage EW, Matlock DL, Salem FA, Charles EH. The effect of endocervical gland involvement on the cure rates of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia undergoing cryosurgery. Gynecol Oncol 1982; 14:194-8. [PMID: 7129215 DOI: 10.1016/0090-8258(82)90089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Balasubramaniam UN, Salem FA, Savage EW. Genesis of molar pregnancy: neoplastic transformation of the inner cell mass with a case presentation. Gynecol Oncol 1982; 14:62-74. [PMID: 7095590 DOI: 10.1016/0090-8258(82)90051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Thadepalli H, Savage EW, Salem FA, Roy I, Davidson EC. Cyclic changes in cervical microflora and their effect on infections following hysterectomy. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1982; 14:176-83. [PMID: 6751950 DOI: 10.1159/000299447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In a prospective study the cyclic changes in the cervical microflora and the endometrial histology were correlated with the incidence of postoperative infections in 99 women undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy. Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis were isolated more frequently during the proliferative phase than during the secretory phase and, correspondingly, postoperative infections were more frequent when operated during the proliferative phase than during the secretory phase. Moderate to severe infections occurred in 31.6% of the patients operated during the proliferative phase in contrast to 18% during the secretory phase. This suggests increased host susceptibility to infection during the proliferative phase.
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Chapman GW, Savage EW, Salem FA. Cervical deciduosis and intraepithelial neoplasia. J Natl Med Assoc 1979; 71:787-9. [PMID: 490672 PMCID: PMC2537422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With the widespread use of routine cervical cytologic screening in pregnancy and the increasing use of colposcopy, the problem of coexistent decidual and neoplastic cervical changes becomes more frequent. This case report illustrates such a problem and discusses its management.
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O'Grady JP, Salem FA. Rudimentary horn pregnancy with neonatal and maternal survival. J Natl Med Assoc 1978; 70:863-6. [PMID: 722835 PMCID: PMC2537165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn is an unusual event that often terminates early in gestation with catastrophic hemorrhage. Under rare circumstances an intact rudimentary horn or a secondary abdominal pregnancy from a ruptured horn continues to term.These cases present with pain or anemia, an uncertain or abnormal fetal lie, and may be complicated by symptoms of preeclampsia. Physical examination, and ultrasonic and radiographic studies lead to the correct diagnosis. Rapid surgical intervention can result in fetal and maternal survival with preservation of fertility.
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Abstract
Pulmonary mycetoma due to Coccidioides immitis has been reported on three occasions. The present case is the fourth such report occurring in a patient with widely disseminated disease. Spherules and hyphae were found in the specimen. While the active pulmonary and extra-pulmonary lesions responded well to therapy with amphotericin B, resection was required to eliminate the residual mycetoma and its attendant hemoptysis.
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Stavric B, Nera EA, Johnson WJ, Salem FA. Uric acid kidney stones induced in rats by oxonic acid, a uricase inhibitor. Invest Urol 1973; 11:3-8. [PMID: 4724271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Munro IC, Salem FA, Goodman T, Hasnain SH. Biochemical and pathological changes in the heart and liver of rats given brominated cottonseed oil. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1971; 19:62-70. [PMID: 5109667 DOI: 10.1016/0041-008x(71)90190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Goodman T, Grice HC, Becking GC, Salem FA. A cystic nephropathy induced by nordihydroguaiaretic acid in the rat. Light and electron microscopic investigations. J Transl Med 1970; 23:93-107. [PMID: 5431225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Van Petten GR, Evans JA, Salem FA. A simple method for chronic measurement of the electrocardiogram and blood pressure in the conscious rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 1970; 22:467-9. [PMID: 4396116 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1970.tb08568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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