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Shaikh F, Jabade B, Sheikh S, Muglikar S. A rare case of intraoral schwannoma in gingiva. Clin Adv Periodontics 2024; 14:20-25. [PMID: 36815466 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schwannomas are benign, slow-growing encapsulated nodular lesions. As for the most benign encapsulated lesions, the treatment of choice is complete removal of the entire tissue with preservation of surrounding tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS The case presented is that of a 35-year-old female with the chief complaint of swelling on her gums in the lower left posterior region. Through intraoral and extraoral examinations the benign nature of the lesion was established. The excisional biopsy was carried out under local anesthesia, and the specimen was sent for histological examination, which gave a definite diagnosis of oral schwannoma. The patient was recalled at regular intervals so as to check for any recurrence of the lesion or occurrence of new lesions elsewhere in the body. CONCLUSION The present case reemphasizes the importance of thorough clinical examination along with appropriate investigations, especially histopathological and immunohistochemical, for establishing a definitive diagnosis, which eventually plays an important role in the choice and execution of appropriate treatment at the earliest for the best prognosis and outcomes. KEY POINTS Why is this case new information? To the best of the author's knowledge, this the first case report of oral schwannoma diagnosed in gingiva in Indian population. This case presented a diagnostic dilemma due to its unusual location. What are the keys to successful management of this case? Schwannomas when completely excised have low rate of recurrence. Accurate diagnosis of the lesion along with complete physical examination and follow-up at regular interval to rule out any recurrences are the keys to successful management of this case. What are the primary limitations to success in this case? Lack of data regarding residual tumor postoperative is a primary limitations to success of the case, as recurrence is associated with subtotal tumor removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Bhagyashree Jabade
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Salika Sheikh
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - Sangeeta Muglikar
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India
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Purswani J, Goldberg E, Cahlon O, Schnabel F, Axelrod D, Guth A, Perez CA, Shaikh F, Tam M, Formenti SC, Reig B, Gerber NK. A Radiation Therapy Contouring Atlas for Delineation of the Level I-II Axilla in the Prone Position. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e200. [PMID: 37784852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) When patients are treated prone for whole breast irradiation (WBI), the axilla typically receives less dose than when patients are treated with WBI in the supine position. There are situations, however, where the axilla is a target as in a situation where the physician intends to treat with "high tangents" to provide good coverage of both the breast and level I-II axilla. In these scenarios, ideal target delineation when the patient is in the prone position is not well-defined. While different consensus guidelines exist for delineation of the nodal areas in the supine position, to our knowledge there are no contouring guidelines for the regional nodes in the prone position based on bone, skin, vascular and muscle landmarks. MATERIALS/METHODS Forty-three patients treated with high tangents in the prone position from 2012-2018 were identified as representative cases. The level I and II regional nodal contours from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) breast cancer atlas were adapted for prone position by a radiation oncologist and a breast radiologist based on anatomic considerations and changes observed from supine to prone positioning on diagnostic imaging. The revised nodal contours were reviewed by an expanded expert multidisciplinary panel including additional breast radiation oncologists and surgical oncologists to delineate the level I and II axilla on noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scans. RESULTS We adapted the RTOG breast cancer atlas, supported by detailed figures, in order to create a CT based atlas of the level I and II axillary lymph node stations in the prone position. For the level I axilla, the cranial and caudal anatomic boundaries remain unchanged. With transition to the prone position from supine, tenting of the pectoralis major occurs displacing the muscle from the chest wall and shifting the axillary space anteromedial to the lateral border of the pectoralis major. Therefore, the anterior boundary is now defined by the plane of the anterior extent of the pectoralis major to skin. The medial boundary is defined by the plane of the lateral border of the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor including to ribs and intercostal muscles. The lateral boundary is defined by the skin, cropped by 5mm. The posterior boundary is defined by the plane of the anterior surface of the latissimus dorsi and subscapularis muscle to skin. For the level II axilla, the cranial, posterior, medial and lateral boundaries remain unchanged. With transition from supine to prone, the axilla exhibits an anterolateral shift, now laterally abutting the lateral border of the pectoralis minor. The anterior boundary is now defined as the posterior aspect of the pectoralis major muscle. The caudal boundary is where the pectoralis minor inserts into ribs. CONCLUSION The adaptations to the RTOG breast cancer atlas for prone positioning will enable radiation oncologists to more accurately target the level I and II axilla when treating patients prone in whom the axilla is a target in addition to the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Purswani
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - E Goldberg
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - O Cahlon
- New York University Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - F Schnabel
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - D Axelrod
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Guth
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - C A Perez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - F Shaikh
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - M Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | | | - B Reig
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - N K Gerber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
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Sidhwani SK, Mirza T, Khatoon A, Shaikh F, Khan R, Shaikh OA, Nashwan AJ. Inflammatory markers and COVID-19 disease progression. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:1386-1391. [PMID: 37442012 PMCID: PMC10290960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global humanitarian crisis. Despite ongoing research, transmission risks and many disease characteristics remained unclear. Most patients have displayed elevated levels of certain inflammatory markers, which we sought to investigate further in relation to disease severity. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between inflammatory markers and the severity of COVID-19 among patients. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study from April to September 2020, involving 143 COVID-19 PCR-positive patients from Ziauddin Hospital. Electronic patient records provided data on demographics, clinical status, and laboratory results. RESULTS The majority of PCR-positive patients were elderly males with comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. Almost all patients exhibited increased levels of various inflammatory markers, with procalcitonin (97.2%) being the most common. Statistically significant differences were observed in the levels of TLC (p = 0.005), CRP (p = 0.001), LDH (p = 0.001), Ferritin (p = 0.001), D-dimer (p = 0.001), and procalcitonin (p = 0.028), in relation to COVID-19 severity. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest a significant association between levels of inflammatory markers and COVID-19 severity. All markers, except procalcitonin, demonstrated a significant correlation with disease severity. These results could enhance our understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and help predict and manage severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Talat Mirza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ziauddin University, Pakistan; Department of Research, Ziauddin University, Pakistan.
| | - Ambrina Khatoon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ziauddin University, Pakistan.
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Pakistan.
| | - Rizma Khan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Ziauddin University, Pakistan.
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Sidhwani SK, Mirza T, Khatoon A, Shaikh F, Khan R, Shaikh OA, Nashwan AJ. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) polymorphisms and susceptibility of severe SARS-CoV-2 in a subset of Pakistani population. Virol J 2023; 20:120. [PMID: 37308887 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Science is digging for the varied presentation of COVID-19 patients exposed to the same risk factors, and medical conditions may be influenced by the presence of polymorphic genetic variants. This study investigated the link between ACE2 gene polymorphisms and the severity of SARS-CoV-2. This cross-sectional study recruited COVID-19 PCR-positive patients by consecutive sampling from Ziauddin Hospital from April to September 2020. DNA was extracted from whole blood, followed by gene amplification and Sanger's sequencing. Most of the patients, 77: 53.8%, were serious. Males were higher (80; 55.9%) with age more than 50 years (106: 74.1%). We found 22 ACE2 SNPs. rs2285666 SNP was most prevalent with 49.2% CC, 45.2% TT, 4.8% CT heterozygosity, and 0.8% AA genotypes. Variants with multiple genotypes were also insignificantly associated with the severity of COVID-19 in the analysis of the dominant model. Only rs2285666 had a significant statistical link with gender (p-value 0.034, OR; 1.438, CI; 1.028-2.011) while rs768883316 with age groups (p-value 0.026, OR; 1.953, CI; 1.085-3.514). Haplotypes ATC of three polymorphisms (rs560997634, rs201159862, and rs751170930) commonly found in 120 (69.77%) and TTTGTAGTTAGTA haplotype consisting of 13 polymorphisms (rs756737634, rs146991645, rs1601703288, rs1927830489, rs1927831624, rs764947941, rs752242172, rs73195521, rs781378335, rs756597390, rs780478736, rs148006212, rs768583671) in 112 (90.32%) had statistically significant association with the severity having p = value 0.029 and 0.001 respectively. Males of old age and diabetics are found to have more severe COVID-19 infection in the current study. We also found that common ACE2 polymorphism rs2285666 influences the susceptibility of acquiring the severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Talat Mirza
- Department of Research, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ambrina Khatoon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rizma Khan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Shaikh F, Walker D. Kommerell's diverticulum: an unusual cause of unilateral vocal cord palsy? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023:rcsann20220092. [PMID: 36688829 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kommerell's diverticulum is a rare congenital anomaly of the aortic arch system in which there is a left- or right-sided aortic arch with an aberrant subclavian artery on the contralateral side. Patients with this anomaly can be asymptomatic or have features of tracheal or oesophageal compression. However, there is a rising suspicion that it may be a rare cause of unilateral vocal cord palsy through its compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. We describe a patient who had a long history of hoarse voice and left vocal cord palsy with no other obvious cause, who was found to have a Kommerell's diverticulum on a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Shaikh
- Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - D Walker
- Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Lee S, Weil C, Boyd L, Burt L, Chino F, Gaffney D, Shaikh F, Suneja G. Trends in IMRT Utilization for Definitive Treatment of Cervical Cancer, 2004-2018. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Dicken BJ, Billmire DF, Rich B, Hazard FK, Nuño M, Krailo M, Fallahazad N, Pashankar F, Shaikh F, Frazier AL. Utility of frozen section in pediatric and adolescent malignant ovarian nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: A report from the children's oncology group. Gynecol Oncol 2022; 166:476-480. [PMID: 35750503 PMCID: PMC9514449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In adult women, most malignant ovarian tumors are epithelial in origin. The use of intra-operative frozen section to distinguish between benign and malignant histology is reliable in guiding operative decision-making to determine the extent of surgical staging required. Pediatric and adolescent patients with ovarian masses have a much different spectrum of pathology with most tumors arising from germ cell precursors. This review was undertaken to assess the concordance between the intra-operative frozen section and the final diagnosis as an aid to guide extent of surgical staging in a group of pediatric and adolescent patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. METHODS Records of patients aged 0 to 20 years with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors enrolled on Children's Oncology Group study AGCT0132 were reviewed. Pathology reports from patients who had both intra-operative frozen section diagnosis and final paraffin section diagnosis were compared using descriptive statistics. By inclusion criteria for the study, all patients had a final diagnosis of malignancy with required yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma or embryonal carcinoma histology. Available central review of pathology final paraffin section slides were compared with final institution pathology reports. RESULTS Of 131 eligible patients with ovarian germ cell tumors, 60 (45.8%) had both intra-operative frozen section and final paraffin section diagnoses available. Intra-operative frozen section diagnoses were classified as: incorrect diagnosis of benign tumor (13.3%), confirmation of malignancy (61.7%), immature teratoma (16.7%), germ cell tumor not otherwise specified (5%) and no diagnosis provided (3.3%). Intra-operative frozen section was incorrect in 23 of 60 (38.3%) patients evaluated. Central pathology review was concordant with the final institution pathology diagnosis in 76.3% of patients. Central pathology review identified additional germ cell tumor components in 23.7% of patients. CONCLUSIONS In pediatric and adolescent patients with a confirmed final diagnosis of ovarian germ cell malignancy, intra-operative frozen section diagnosis is not reliable to inform the extent of surgical staging required. Central review by an expert germ cell tumor pathologist provides important additional information to guide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Dicken
- University of Alberta, Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - D F Billmire
- Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - B Rich
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cohen Children's Hospital, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United States of America
| | - F K Hazard
- Pathology and Pediatrics, Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - M Nuño
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, United States of America; Children's Oncology Group, Public Health Institute, United States of America
| | - M Krailo
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, United States of America; Children's Oncology Group, Public Health Institute, United States of America
| | - N Fallahazad
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - F Pashankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - F Shaikh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A L Frazier
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, United States of America
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Morris R, O'Malley J, Gilliland E, Shaikh F. 412 Knowledge and Practices for the Prevention of the Diabetic Foot in North Wales. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Diabetes mellitus can result in a wide range of foot complications such as ulceration, infection, and amputation. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend that all diabetic patients should receive verbal and written information relating to their foot care. Here we assess our compliance with the national guidelines and the levels of patient knowledge amongst the diabetic population in the North West of Wales.
Method
A questionnaire was provided to all adult diabetic patients attending the outpatient podiatry service over the course of three weeks at Ysbyty Gwynedd, North Wales. The survey included compliance and knowledge-based questions regarding foot care.
Results
A total of 65 patients were recruited and completed questionnaires. The majority of the patients were males (male:female ratio 2:1) and over 70 years and had type II diabetes.
98% of patients admitted to receiving verbal diabetic advice while only 57% received written information. Compliance with daily foot checks was 82%. Regarding patient knowledge, over 90% of patients selected the correct answer to 11 out of the 15 knowledge-based questions. Despite 95% recognising that poor footwear can contribute to diabetic foot complications, only 86% recognised that walking barefoot carries similar risks.
Conclusions
Diabetic foot knowledge is high within our studied population. Use of patient information leaflets can be further improved to help educate patients in avoiding barefoot walking and to prevent diabetic foot complications and limb loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Morris
- Ysbyty Gwynedd , Bangor , United Kingdom
| | - J O'Malley
- Ysbyty Gwynedd , Bangor , United Kingdom
| | | | - F Shaikh
- Ysbyty Gwynedd , Bangor , United Kingdom
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Parmar D, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R, González-González J, Shaikh F, Cruz-López J. Efficacy and safety of saroglitazar 4 mg compared to fenofibrate 160 mg in latino adults with moderate to severe hypertriglyceridemia-a randomized clinical trial. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shaikh F, Alamgir M, Ahmed S. Hormonal and genetic risk factors for breast cancer in a subset of the Karachi population. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 17:694-700. [PMID: 35983446 PMCID: PMC9356353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Appraisement of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms is thought to be crucial to detect and make approaches targeting groups at risk for breast cancer (BC). Moreover, an understanding of genetic susceptibility can allow us to foresee several risk factors. The objective of our research is to evaluate the T to C base shift within TaqI (rs731236) in exon 9 and the A to G transition within Bsm1 (rs1544410) in intron 8 of the VDR gene as risk factors among BC patients. Methods The study involved 150 BC patients with a definite histological diagnosis. Controls were age-matched. DNA samples of Taq1 and Bsm1 were amplified according to the programmed protocol using a thermal cycler. The amplified PCR products were digested with Taq1 and Bsm1 restriction endonuclease enzymes. RFLP fragments were observed under UV light using 2% agarose gel and 0.5 ug/mL Ethidium bromide. Results The highest number of BC patients (32.7%) were in the 36 to 45 age group. Ethnicity and parity were found to be statistically significant. TaqI polymorphisms showed the highest genotypic frequency for TC (Tt) at 49 (32.7%), and there were 18 patients (12.0%) and controls with high statistical significance (OD 3.6, CI 2–6.4) and a p-value < 0.0001. However, for the Bsm1 genotype, the A (B) allele may be linked with protection from BC in individuals with the AA (BB) genotype. Conclusion A positive association was found between VDR genotypes and BC in a collective assay of Taq1 and BsmI. These results need further authentication in large cohort studies prior to applying these SNPs as promising BC markers in the Pakistani populace.
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Ferguson C, Shaikh F, Hickman L, Inglis S, Bajorek B, Downie A, Griffin K, Wynne R. Pilot-Feasibility Study of a Digital Education Program for Patients Living With Atrial Fibrillation on Knowledge and Quality Of Life. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Shaikh F, Wynne R, Castelino R, Inglis S, Davidson P, Ferguson C. Practices, Beliefs, and Attitudes of Clinicians in the Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Obese Adults With Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Kjøllesdal MKR, Carslake D, Smith GD, Shaikh F, Næss Ø. The role of family factors in the association between early adulthood BMI and risk of cardiovascular disease. An intergenerational study of BMI in early adulthood and cardiovascular mortality in parents, aunts and uncles. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 46:228-234. [PMID: 34650201 PMCID: PMC7612210 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00987-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background High body mass index (BMI) in childhood and adolescence is related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Causality is not established because common genetic or early life socioeconomic factors (family factors) may explain this relationship. We aimed to study the role of family factors in the association between BMI and CVD by investigating if early adulthood BMI in conscripts and CVD mortality in their parents/aunts/uncles are related. Methods Data from the Armed Forces Personnel Database (including height and weight among conscripts) were linked with data from the Norwegian Population Registry, generational data from the Norwegian Family Based Life Course Study, the National Educational Registry and the Cause of Death Registry using unique personal identification numbers. The study sample (N=369 464) was Norwegian males born 1967-1993, who could be linked to both parents and at least one maternal and one paternal aunt or uncle. Subsamples were identified as conscripts whose parents/aunts/uncles had data on cardiovascular risk factors available from Norwegian health surveys. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of CVD mortality in the parental generation according to BMI categories of conscripts. Results Parents of conscripts with obesity or overweight had a higher hazard of CVD death (fathers HR obese: 1.99 (1.79,2.21), overweight: 1.33 (1.24,1.42) mothers HR obese: 1.65 (1.32,2.07), overweight: 1.23 (1.07,1.42)) than parents of normal- or underweight conscripts. Aunts and uncles of conscripts with obesity and overweight had an elevated hazard of CVD death, but less so than parents. Adjustment for CVD risk factors attenuated the results in parents, aunts and uncles. Conclusions Family factors may impact the relationship between early adulthood overweight and CVD in parents. These can be genes with impact on BMI over generations and genes with a pleiotropic effect on both obesity and CVD, as well as shared environment over generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K R Kjøllesdal
- University of Oslo, Norway, Institute of Health and Society, Pb 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian University of Lifesciences. Faculty of Landscape and Society, Postbox 5003 NMBU, 1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - D Carslake
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - G D Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - F Shaikh
- University of Oslo, Norway, Institute of Health and Society, Pb 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ø Næss
- University of Oslo, Norway, Institute of Health and Society, Pb 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway. Department Physical and Mental Health, Pb 222 Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, Norway
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Kishore J, Shaikh F, Zubairi AM, Mirza S, Alqutub MN, AlMubarak AM, Abduljabbar T, Vohra F. Evaluation of serum neuron specific enolase levels among patients with primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome. Cephalalgia 2021; 42:119-127. [PMID: 34644195 DOI: 10.1177/03331024211046613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burning mouth syndrome is a painful condition of the oral cavity with ambiguous pathogenesis and diagnosis. Neuron-specific enolase is increased in several conditions including peripheral neuropathy of diabetes, ophthalmopathies, spinal cord injuries and tumors. Evidence on association of burning mouth syndrome and neuron-specific enolase is limited. AIM This study aims to evaluate neuron-specific enolase levels in primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome patients and compare the levels of neuron-specific enolase with associated conditions in secondary burning mouth syndrome. METHODS One hundred and twenty-eight patients of more than 18 years of age with no gender predilection and having clinical symptoms of burning mouth syndrome and 135 healthy subjects were included. All the patients fulfilled Scala's criteria for the diagnosis of burning mouth syndrome, including "primary" (idiopathic) and "secondary" (resulting from identified precipitating factors) burning mouth syndrome patients. Blood samples were obtained from burning mouth syndrome patients. Serum neuron-specific enolase was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To compare means and standard deviations, among primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome, data was analysed with analysis of variance and multiple comparisons test. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants for burning mouth syndrome and healthy subjects was 53.30 and 51.6 years, respectively. Amongst the secondary burning mouth syndrome group, 32 (25%) of the patients had menopause, 15 (11.7%) had diabetes, eight (6.2%) of the patients had nutritional deficiency, seven (5.4%) had combined diabetes, menopause, and depression, six (4.6%) had combined diabetes and depression, four (3.1%) were diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome. A minor percentage of 2.3% (three) had gastroesophageal reflux disease, while the remaining three (2.3%) patients in the secondary burning mouth syndrome group were on anti-depressants. There was a statistically significant increase in the levels of neuron-specific enolase in primary burning mouth syndrome as compared to the secondary burning mouth syndrome and healthy groups. Among the subgroups of secondary burning mouth syndrome, diabetic individuals showed a significant increase in neuron-specific enolase level when compared with other conditions in the secondary burning mouth syndrome patients.Discussion and conclusion: The raised serum neuron-specific enolase levels in patients suffering from primary burning mouth syndrome highlight a possible neuropathic mechanism. It was also increased in the sub-group of secondary burning mouth syndrome patients having diabetes. Although it cannot be ascertained whether the deranged values in the diabetic group were due to burning mouth syndrome or due to diabetes, the raised quantity of neuron-specific enolase in the primary burning mouth syndrome group is a reliable diagnostic indicator. Future studies on the assessment of neuron-specific enolase levels as a diagnostic tool for onset and management of primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimala Kishore
- Department of Oral Pathology, 37093Ziauddin University, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Mirza
- Department of Oral Pathology, 37093Ziauddin University, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Montaser N Alqutub
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman M AlMubarak
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shaikh F, Wynne R, Castelino RL, Inglis SC, Ferguson C. Effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants in obese adults with atrial fibrillation: an overview examining the evidence from international systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Obesity may influence the pharmacology of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) that are recommended by all international guidelines for stroke prevention in adults with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Purpose
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of DOACs in obese adults with AF.
Methods
Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, Johanna Briggs Institute, Embase, Psych Info and ProQuest were searched till April 2020. Only systematic reviews with meta-analyses, that were published after 2005 and were in the English language were included. Articles were screened by title and abstract, followed by full text assessment using the Covidence systematic review software. Data was extracted using a standardised extraction tool. AMSTAR-2® and ROBIS® tools were used for quality and risk of bias assessment. The entire process was undertaken by two investigators at each stage of the study selection, appraisal, and data extraction. Disagreements were resolved through consensus discussion with a third arbitrary investigator. Statistical analyses were performed using the DerSimonian and Laird method for random effects. Meta-analysis was performed using only randomised controlled trials from eligible systematic reviews at both 12 months and across the entire trial. Primary outcomes assessed was stroke (ischemic or haemorrhagic) or systemic or pulmonary embolism. Secondary outcomes assessed included all-cause mortality, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, major bleed, all cause-hospitalisation, and cardiovascular mortality.
Results
Of the 8162 articles screened, a total of five systematic reviews were included in this overview. There was disagreement within the published reviews on the effect of DOAC in obesity. Four of the five reviews were of either “low” or “critically low” quality, with inconsistencies in data extraction and appropriateness of the included studies and statistical methods used in analysis. Data from only the RE-LY, AVERROES and ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trials, were available for the meta-analysis, which did not find any significant difference between all BMI groups for all outcomes, at both time points. However, analysis of the different weight groups versus normal weight, highlighted non-significant differences between the different DOACs.
Conclusion
There was no difference between the BMI classes in any of the outcomes assessed. However, the non-significant trends that were seen, suggests individual superiority of DOACs may exist within the obese adult populations. There is a need for prospective trials to evaluate which DOACs are safe and efficacious in the obese class III adults and at which dose.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP) Heart Foundation of AustraliaNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
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Affiliation(s)
- F Shaikh
- Western Sydney University and Western Sydney Local Health District, Western Sydney Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Wynne
- Western Sydney University and Western Sydney Local Health District, Western Sydney Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - R L Castelino
- Western Sydney Local Health District, Pharmacy Department, Sydney, Australia
| | - S C Inglis
- University of Technology, Sydney, Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT), Sydney, Australia
| | - C Ferguson
- Western Sydney University and Western Sydney Local Health District, Western Sydney Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Sydney, Australia
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Iqbal Z, Youssef A, Abdaldayem A, Shaikh F. 1476 North Wales Vascular Surgery Zoom Webinar Teaching Programme for Medical Students and Junior Doctors. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8524477 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aim Surgical Education is now more widely delivered on virtual platforms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to centralisation of Vascular Surgery services in North Wales to Glan Clwyd Hospital (Central), Medical Students, Junior Doctors and General Surgical Registrars have reduced exposure to the speciality and the management of common cases in neighbouring hospitals (East and West). Subsequently, we developed a regional virtual teaching programme to help bridge gaps in knowledge and to instil confidence when providing a service. Method We developed a 4-part didactic webinar educational programme which covered parts of the medical undergraduate and MRCS curricula pertaining to Vascular Surgery. Under/Postgraduate educational leads from Central, East and West were contacted to promote our programme. Webinars were delivered on ZOOM video conferencing once weekly throughout December 2020. Feedback forms were collected on Google Forms™ and used 5-point Linkert scales to grade responses and analysis of data was carried out on Microsoft Excel®. Results 186 feedback forms were collected and respondents reported significant improvements in knowledge in each of the subjects covered: [1] Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms - (2.59±1.07/5 to 4.23±0.65/5, p = <0.0001, n = 60), [2] Acute Limb Ischaemia – (2.55±1.11/5 to 4.21±0.72/5, p = <0.0001, n = 42); [3] Chronic Limb Ischaemia (2.57±1.03/5 to 4.23±0.77/5, p = <0.0001, n = 35); [4] Vascular Emergencies (2.94±1.28/5 to 4.37±0.63/5, p = <0.0001, n = 49). Overall topic interest, presentational skills and clinical usefulness was also rated highly. Conclusions Through this virtually delivered regional teaching programme, we successfully enhanced Vascular Surgery knowledge and addressed the educational needs of Medical Students and Junior Doctors across North Wales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Iqbal
- NHS Wales - Besti Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - A Youssef
- NHS Wales - Besti Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - A Abdaldayem
- NHS Wales - Besti Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - F Shaikh
- NHS Wales - Besti Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, United Kingdom
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Alamgir MM, Shaikh F. Life-time tobacco consumption and oral cancer among citizens of a high incidence metropolis. J PAK MED ASSOC 2021; 71:1588-1591. [PMID: 34111077 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyse dose-response relationship between the common risk factor of tobacco consumption and oral lesions like squamous cell carcinoma and pre-cancerous lesions. METHODS The cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at Ziauddin University, Karachi from 2011 to 2016, and comprised histologically-confirmed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma in group A, clinically-diagnosed oral pre-cancerous lesions in group B, and habit-matched controls in group C. The subjects were enrolled from 2011 to 2016. Life-time tobacco exposure was calculated using chewing index and smoking index for comparison between cases and controls. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. RESULTS Of the 358 subjects, 150(42%) were in group A with a mean age of 47.1±12.22 years, 100(28%) were in group B with a mean age of 34.17±13.78 years, and 108(30%) were in group C with a mean age of 41.6±14.58 years. Of all the group A patients, 125(83.33%) and 96(96%) in group B had a positive history of tobacco use, with tobacco-chewers being the most in numbers 172(68.8%). Exclusive smoking was seen in 11(4.4%) cases, 38(15.2%) patients were both tobacco-chewers and smokers, and 29(11.6%) were tobacco-free. Group A and B patients had life-time tobacco exposures either equal or lower compared to group C controls (p>0.05). Conclusion Life-time tobacco exposure indices were either comparable or lower in patients compared to the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohiuddin Alamgir
- Department of Pathology, Dow International Medical College (DIMC), Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS) Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Clifton Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abbas S, Yousfani S, Shaikh F, Sultana F, Shaikh N, Tahira S. Association of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy with Pre-eclampsia and Maternal Outcome. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i31a31669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the Prevalence of Pre-eclampsia in women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) and to compare the maternal outcome in cases of PPCM who develop pre-eclampsia with those cases who are normotensive.
Study design: This is a prospective observational study.
Setting: Study carried out at department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Liaquat university hospital Hyderabad from 20th February 2019 to 19th February 2020.
Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and department of Cardiology Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. Inclusion criteria were patients admitted with a diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy diagnosed clinically and confirmed by echocardiography. Exclusion criteria were cases with multiple pregnancies, smokers, those with chronic hypertension and chronic renal disease or diabetes. We assessed patients for pre-eclampsia. Outcome measures studied were serious maternal complications like Pulmonary oedema, Cardiogenic shock, intensive care unit admission, and death.
Results: During one year study period, there were 71 cases of peripartum cardiomyopathy. The mean age of patients was 29.77±6.8 years. Pre-eclampsia was seen in 62% cases of Peripartum cardiomyopathy. Mean ejection fraction was 33.24±6.49. In patients of PPCM, serious maternal complications including cardiogenic shock 11(15.5%) cases, intensive care unit admission 10(14.1%) cases, pulmonary oedema 35(49.3%) cases and prolonged hospitalization 58(81.7%) cases.
Conclusion: We conclude that pre-eclampsia has high prevalence in patients with PPCM. Both when combined, significantly increase the chances of serious maternal complications including death.
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Kumar D, Suleman M, Shaikh F, Ebrahim S. Difficult Central Venous Cannulation under Laryngeal Mask Airway Anesthesia in Adolescent. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2020; 18:428-429. [PMID: 34165106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of difficult central venous cannulation under general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway in a young female child. Our case demonstrated a difficulty in surgically finding the right internal jugular vein due to neck veins displacements by laryngeal mask airway, which caused morbidity such as prolonged surgical duration and excessive blood loss. Once the laryngeal mask airway was replaced with endotracheal tube, the internal jugular vein appeared on surface and procedure was successfully completed in a few minutes. Such difficulties warrant an alternate approach in airway management in order to prevent major adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kumar
- Department of Anesthesia, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Suleman
- Department of Anesthesia, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F Shaikh
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Ebrahim
- Department of Anesthesia, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan
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Shazam H, Shaikh F, Hussain Z, Majeed MM, Khan S, Khurshid Z. Evaluation of Osteocalcin Levels in Saliva of Periodontitis Patients and Their Correlation with the Disease Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:352-359. [PMID: 32438432 PMCID: PMC7440941 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1710143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate osteocalcin levels in saliva of healthy and periodontitis patients and correlate these levels with periodontitis severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital setup. A total of 95 individuals participated in the study with 46 subjects in group I (healthy individuals) and 49 subjects in group II (mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis patients). A detailed assessment of clinical periodontal parameters and alveolar bone loss was made. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from all study subjects and osteocalcin levels were quantitatively analyzed by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay technique. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS One-way analysis of variance, Spearman's correlation test, and Pearson's chi-squared test were applied at a significance level of 95%. p-Values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The results showed a significant association of qualification with group II (p < 0.02). Bone loss scores were also significantly associated with periodontitis severity (p < 0.01). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between group I and group II in terms of mean salivary osteocalcin levels (p = 0.68). Also, an insignificant correlation was also observed between osteocalcin levels and periodontitis severity (p = 0.13). CONCLUSION The overall study results showed that there was no significant difference between saliva osteocalcin levels of healthy and periodontitis patients. Also, there was a nonsignificant correlation between osteocalcin levels and periodontitis severity. The findings of the present study support the hypothesis that low osteocalcin levels in saliva might be considered as a poor indicator of periodontal disease progression and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamda Shazam
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Hussain
- Department of Periodontology, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M. Mansoor Majeed
- Department of Oral Biology, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a multifactorial oral inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of bone and ultimate tooth loss. The alarming rise in the prevalence of periodontitis has led to the development of innovative diagnostic techniques. Several quantifiable biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva of chronic periodontitis patients have been detected in the field of oral fluid diagnostics. Bone turnover biomarkers hold a valuable diagnostic potential in determining the extent of alveolar bone destruction and the risk of future bone loss. This review article highlights the importance of bone turnover markers in facilitating earlier detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment strategies, leading to optimal clinical management of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamda Shazam
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ziauddin College of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Zaheer Hussain
- Department of Periodontology, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, PAK
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Shaikh F, Wu P, Cooper B. Patterns of Care and Use of Radiation Therapy for Clival Chordoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Shaikh F, Tam M, Barbee D, Hitchen C, McCarthy A, Huppert N, Perez C, Gerber N. Coverage of Axillary Lymph Nodes with High Tangents in the Prone Position. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Cohen P, Xiao J, Shaikh F, Byun D, Nguy S, Karp N, Axelrod D, Guth A, Perez C, Bernstein K, Barbee D, Gerber N. The Location of Implantable Bioabsorable Tissue Marker in Relation to Preoperative Tumor Location and Postoperative Seroma: Implications for Target Delineation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ghobrial J, Xiao J, Oh C, Maisonet O, Smith J, Ginsburg O, Schnabel F, Shaikh F, Perez C, Formenti S, Gerber N. Breast Conservation and Hypofractionation in Women with Hereditary Breast Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kishore J, Shaikh F, Mirza S, Raffat MA, Ikram S, Akram Z. Cytokine levels and their role in the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome: A systematic review. Cephalalgia 2019; 39:1586-1594. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102419854052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Burning Mouth Syndrome is characterized by variable symptoms that include pain, burning and paraguesia in an otherwise healthy-appearing oral mucosa. Although the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome is unknown, some studies provide evidence of subclinical inflammation leading to disrupted cytokine levels. Aim To investigate the expression of cytokines and role in the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome. Methods Online databases (MEDLINE and EMBASE) were searched from November 1986 to November 2018 for case control/cross-sectional studies comparing the levels of cytokines in patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome and healthy controls. Results A total of eight studies were included in the current review. Four studies were of high and four studies were of moderate quality. Seven studies evaluated IL-6, out of which four showed comparable results, two showed higher levels and one study reported lower levels in Burning Mouth Syndrome patients compared to controls. Four studies assessed IL-2, out of which two reported comparable results whereas one study reported higher levels and one study reported lower levels in Burning Mouth Syndrome patients compared to controls. IL-10 levels were measured in three studies that reported no significant differences in the levels between Burning Mouth Syndrome and healthy controls. Discussion and conclusion The etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome is multifactorial. Studies have provided scientific evidence that inflammation plays a key role in Burning Mouth Syndrome pathogenesis. However, whether up-regulation or down-regulation of specific cytokines contribute to the etiopathogenesis of Burning Mouth Syndrome remains debatable. Further high-quality studies with larger sample size and assessing a wider array of cytokines are warranted in order to obtain strong conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimala Kishore
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of General Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sana Mirza
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Ikram
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Akram
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Ferguson C, Shaikh F, Pasch L, Newton P, Inglis S, Bajorek B, Macdonald P, Davidson P. Medication Regimen Complexity in Individuals With Heart Failure and Concomitant Atrial Fibrillation: A Secondary Analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shaikh F, Chew J, Perez C, Tam M, Cooper B, Maisonet O, Peat E, Huppert N, Formenti S, Gerber N. Hypofractionated Whole Breast Irradiation in Women Less Than 50 Years Old Treated on Prospective Protocols: A Report on Long-Term Cosmesis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gorovets D, Wu P, Ahmed I, Cohen P, Ishaq O, Katz L, Oh P, Shaikh F, Tam M, Rawn E, Du K, Vega RM. Development and Implementation of a Statistics Curriculum for Radiation Oncology Residents. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Shaikh F, Tam M, Perez C, Huppert N, Hitchen C, McCarthy A, Maisonet O, Formenti S, Gerber N. High Tangents in the Prone Position: A Pilot Report on Its Feasibility. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hadi NI, Jamal Q, Iqbal A, Shaikh F, Somroo S, Musharraf SG. Serum Metabolomic Profiles for Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Grading and Staging by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1715. [PMID: 28496143 PMCID: PMC5431835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of metabolic signature for breast cancer (BC) has the potential to improve patient prognosis. This study identified potentially significant metabolites differentiating between breast cancer patients and healthy controls to help in diagnosis, grading, staging and determination of neoadjuvant status. Serum was collected from 152 pre-operative breast cancer (BC) patients and 155 healthy controls in this case-controlled study. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to obtain metabolic profiles followed by chemometric analysis with the identification of significantly differentiated metabolites including 7 for diagnosis, 18 for grading, 23 for staging, 15 for stage III subcategory and 10 for neoadjuvant status (p-value < 0.05). Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) model revealed a distinct separation between healthy controls and BC patients with a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 100% on external validation. Models for grading, staging and neoadjuvant status were built with Decision Tree Algorithm with predictive accuracy of 71.5%, 71.3% and 79.8% respectively. Pathway analysis revealed increased glycolysis, lipogenesis, and production of volatile organic metabolites indicating the metabolic alterations in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Irum Hadi
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Clifton, Karachi, 75600, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Jamal
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Clifton, Karachi, 75600, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Clifton, Karachi, 75600, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Somroo
- Breast Clinic, Surgical Ward 2, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan. .,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International, Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Shaikh F, Jamal Q, Baig S, Hadi NI, Majeed N. Correlation of Hormone Receptor and HER2/neu Expression with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Primary Breast Tumors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:3363-3367. [PMID: 27509976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a major health issue worldwide as well as in Pakistan. All women belonging to any race, ethnicity or lineage are in danger of developing breast cancer. Significant factors influencing the development of breast malignancies are the genetic background, environmental conditions, reproductive parameters, the consequences of female hormones both intrinsic and extrinsic, alteration of immune status, and biologic determinants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall 150 biopsy proven patients were included in the study. Samples were submitted for histopathology and determination of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression and HER2/neu status. Associations with other characteristics like age, tumor stage, node involvement, histological grade were also studied. RESULTS Mean age at presentation was 46.7 years. The majority had invasive ductal carcinoma, 100 (84.7%), and were in stage pT3, 54 (45.7%). Important relationships (P<0.05) were found among ER, PR positivity, and Her 2 neu overexpression. However, no noteworthy link was identified amongst ER, PR, Her 2 neu and tumor grade, stage, age, lymph node involvement except for the menopausal status. CONCLUSIONS In summary, breast cancer patients featured an advanced stage of disease, more lymph node involvement, and moderately high grade tumors and with more estrogen, progesterone receptor and HER2 positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Shaikh
- Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan Email :
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Jani A, Shaikh F, Kadenhe-Chiweshe A, Hernandez S, Hei T, Yamashiro D, Connolly E. High-Dose Radiation Leads to Rapid Changes in Tumor Perfusion and Vascular Remodeling. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Browne C, Shaikh F, Iqbal N, McGovern B, Rowe S, Neary P. Quality of life, continence and frequency of pouchitis following laparoscopic versus open colectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: an Irish perspective. Ir J Med Sci 2014; 184:655-8. [PMID: 25422064 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-014-1233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess quality of life outcomes, continence, rates of pouchitis and predictors of pouchitis for patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open three-stage ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery in our institution. METHODS Forty-two patients having had three-stage (IPAA) surgery were identified. One was excluded as they had undergone pouchectomy. A postal questionnaire followed by telephone contact was undertaken. The questionnaire was based on The Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) and Wexner/Cleveland Clinic Faecal Incontinence Symptom Severity Scoring Systems. AIMS Our aim was to assess morbidity, quality of life, incidence of pouchitis and continence following restorative panproctocolectomy and IPAA. RESULTS Thirty-five patients completed the response. The median age at colectomy of our patient population was 32 years. 57 % were male and 43 % were female. 54.3 % of cases were carried out laparoscopically. 8/19 patients who had laparoscopic surgery had pouchitis (42.1 %) versus 9/16 patients who had open surgery (56.3 %). The median Wexner score was 0. Nine patients (25.7 %) had a GIQLI score that was within or above the range reported for healthy controls. The rate of complications was 31.7 % for emergency cases and 25.7 % for elective cases. The rate of pouchitis in this group was 48.5 %. Overall pelvic sepsis rate was 12.8 %. CONCLUSIONS Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is a successful and well-tolerated procedure with 94 % of patients opting to have the surgery again. Preliminary results do not show any significant difference in the incidence of pouchitis following laparoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Browne
- Department of Colorectal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Adelaide and Meath Incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland,
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Rimner A, Din S, Shaikh F, Foster A, Tyagi N, Abi Aad S, Paik P, Yorke E, Chaft J, Gelblum D, Rosenzweig K, Wu A. Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated Without Concurrent Chemotherapy: What Is the Optimal Radiation Dose? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.08.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shawana S, Kehar SI, Shaikh F. Differential expression of phophatase and tensin homologue in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. J PAK MED ASSOC 2014; 64:1103-1108. [PMID: 25823145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To observe the differential expression of phophatase and tensin homologue in normal proliferative, hyperplastic and malignant endometrial lesions. METHODS .The retrospective study was based on the analysis of endometrial samples, both hysterectomies and curettage, received at the department of pathology Basic Medical Sciences Institute at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010. A total of 55 endometrial samples were analysed for morphological features and results of immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Of the 55 samples, 25 (45.45%) were malignant endometrial lesions, 6 (10.9%) complex hyperplasias with atypia, 14(25.45%) complex hyperplasias without atypia hyperplasia, 6 (10.9%) simple hyperplasias without atypia, and 4 (7.27%) normal proliferative endometrium. Among malignant endometrial lesions, 12 (48%) showed complete loss of phophotase and tensin homologue expression out of which majority were endometroid adenocarcinoma. Five (83.3%) cases of complex hyperplasias with atypia and 9 (64.28%) cases of complex hyperplasia without atypia showed complete loss of or diminished expression of phophotase and tensin homologue. CONCLUSION Loss of phophotase and tensin homologue expression was seen in a significant number of well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinomas and complex hyperplasias with atypia suggesting loss of PTEN expression as an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis.
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Shaikh F, Kadenhe-Chiweshe A, Hernandez S, Forrester L, Sun Y, Hei T, Yamashiro D, Connolly E. Modeling Radiation-Induced Vascular Effects of High-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Radiation in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rimner A, Din S, Shaikh F, Foster A, Tyagi N, Abi Aad S, Paik P, Yorke E, Chaft J, Gelblum D, Rosenzweig K, Wu A. Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated Without Concurrent Chemotherapy: What Is the Optimal Radiation Dose? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rimner A, Adeseye V, Foster A, Woo K, Shaikh F, Din S, Zhang Z, Yorke E, Gewanter R, Rosenzweig K, Huang J, Wu A. Recurrence Patterns and Second Primary Lung Cancers After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Surveillance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li BK, Owens C, Ashraf K, Shaikh F, Mills D, Baruchel S, Thomas K, Irwin MS. 145: Detecting Relapse in Patients with Neuroblastoma: Can Surveillance Programs be Simplified to Decrease Radiation Exposure? Paediatr Child Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/19.6.e35-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rednam S, Scheurer M, Adesina A, Lau C, Okcu M, Deatrick J, Ogle S, Fisher M, Barakat L, Hardie T, Li Y, Ginsberg J, Ben-Arush M, Krivoy E, Rosenkranz R, Peretz-Nahum M, Brown RJ, Love J, Warburton D, McBride WH, Bluml S, Mueller S, Sear K, Hills N, Chettout N, Afghani S, Lew L, Tolentino E, Haas-Kogan D, Fullerton H, Reddick W, Palmer S, Glass J, Li Y, Ogg R, Gajjar A, Omar A, Perkins S, Shinohara E, Spoljaric D, Isenberg J, Whittington M, Hauff M, King A, Litzelman K, Barker E, Catrine K, Puccetti D, Possin P, Witt W, Mallucci C, Kumar R, Pizer B, Williams D, Pettorini B, Piscione J, Bouffet E, Shams I, Kulkarni A, Remes T, Harila-Saari A, Suo-Palosaari M, Arikoski P, Riikonen P, Sutela A, Koskenkorva P, Ojaniemi M, Rantala H, Campen CJ, Ashby D, Fisher PG, Monje M, Kulkarni AV, Piscione J, Shams I, Bouffet E, Nakamura H, Makino K, Yano S, Kuratsu JI, Jadrijevic-Cvrlje F, Batinica M, Toledano H, Hoffman T, Ezer-Cohen Y, Michowiz S, Yaniv I, Cohen IJ, Adler I, Mindel S, Gopalakrishnamoorthy M, Saunders D, Gaze M, Spoudeas H, Kieffer V, Dellatolas G, Chevignard M, Puget S, Dhermain F, Grill J, Dufour C, Muir R, Hunter A, Latchman A, de Camargo O, Scheinemann K, Dhir N, Zaky W, Zomorodian T, Wong K, Dhall G, Macy M, Lauro C, Zeitler P, Foreman N, Liu A, Chocholous M, Dodier P, Peyrl A, Dieckmann K, Hausler G, Slavc I, Avula S, Kumar R, Mallucci C, Pettorini B, Garlick D, Pizer B, Armstrong G, Kawashima T, Leisenring W, Stovall M, Sklar C, Robison L, Samaan C, Duckworth J, Scheinemann K, Greenberg-Kushnir N, Freedman S, Eshel R, Zverling N, Elhasid R, Dvir R, Yalon M, Kulkarni AV, Constantini S, Wilne S, Liu JF, Trusler J, Lundsell S, Kennedy C, Clough L, Dickson N, Lakhanpaul M, Baker M, Dudley J, Grundy R, Walker D, von Hoff K, Herzog N, Ottensmeier H, Grabow D, Gerber NU, Friedrich C, von Bueren AO, Resch A, Kortmann RD, Kaatsch P, Doerr HG, Rutkowski S, del Bufalo F, Mastronuzzi A, Serra A, de Sio L, Locatelli F, Biassoni V, Leonardi M, Ajovalasit D, Riva D, Vago C, Usilla A, Fidani P, Serra A, Schiavello E, Gariboldi F, Massimino M, Lober R, Perrault S, Partap S, Edwards M, Fisher P, Yeom K, Salgado D, Nunes S, Vinhais S, Salgado D, Nunes S, Vinhais S, Wells EM, Seidel K, Ullrich NJ, Leisenring W, Armstrong G, Diller L, King A, Krull KR, Neglia J, Robison LL, Stovall M, Whelan K, Sklar C, Russell CE, Bouffet E, Brownstone D, Kaise C, Kennedy C, Bull K, Culliford D, Chevignard M, Spoudeas H, Calaminus G, Bertin D, Vallero S, Romano E, Basso ME, Biasin E, Fagioli F, Ziara K, L'Hotta A, Williams A, Thede R, Moore K, James A, King A, Bjorn E, Franzen P, Haag A, Lax AK, Moreno I, Scheinemann K, Obeid J, Timmons BW, Iwata W, Wagner S, Lai JS, Waddell K, VanLeeuwen S, Newmark M, Noonan J, O'Connell K, Urban M, Yount S, Goldman S, Piscione J, Igoe D, Cunningham T, Orfus M, Bouffet E, Mabbott D, Liptak C, Manley P, Recklitis C, Zhang P, Shaikh F, Narang I, Bouffet E, Matsumoto K, Yamasaki K, Okada K, Fujisaki H, Osugi Y, Hara J, Phipps K, Gumley D, Jacques T, Hargrave D, Saunders D, Michalski A, Manley P, Chordas C, Chi S, Robison N, Bandopadhayay P, Marcus K, Zimmerman MA, Goumnerova L, Kieran M, Brand S, Brinkman T, Chordas C, Delaney B, Diver T, Rey C, Manley P, Liptak C, Madden JR, Hemenway MS, Dorneman L, Stiller D, Liu AK, Foreman NK, Vibhakar R, Mitchell M, Hemenway M, Foreman N, Madden J, Reddick W, Glass J, Li Y, Ogg R, Gajjar A, Ryan M, O'Kane R, Picton S, Kenny T, Stiller C, Chumas P, Bendel A, Patterson R, Barrera M, Schulte F, Bartels U, Janzen L, Johnston D, Cataudella D, Chung J, Sung L, Hancock K, Hukin J, Zelcer S, Brandon S, Montour-Proulx I, Strother D, Cooksey R, Bowers D, Gargan L, Gode A, Klesse L, Oden J, Vega G, Sala F, Nuzzi D, Mulino M, Masotto B, Mazza C, Bricolo A, Gerosa M, Tong M, Bouffet E, Laughlin S, Mackie S, Taylor L, Sharpe G, Al-Salihi O, Nicolin G. QUALITY OF LIFE/AFTERCARE. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:i125-i139. [PMCID: PMC3483352 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
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Jatoi N, Jatoi NM, Shaikh F, Sirichand P. Key to successful vesico-vaginal fistula repair--an experience of urogenital fistula surgeries and outcome at gynaecological surgical camp-2005. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008; 20:125-127. [PMID: 19385475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vesico-vaginal fistula is not life threatening medical problem, but the woman face demoralization, social boycott and even divorce and separation. The aetiology of the condition has been changed over the years and in developed countries obstetrical fistula are rare and they are usually result of gynaecological surgeries or radiotherapy. Urogenital fistula surgery doesn't require special or advance technology but needs experienced urogynaecologist with trained team and post operative care which can restore health, hope & sense of dignity to women. METHODS This prospective study was carried out to analyze the success rate in patients attending the referral hospital and sent from free gynaecological surgery camps held at interior of Sindh, and included preoperative evaluation for route of surgery, operative techniques and postoperative care. Total 70 patients were admitted from the patients attending the camp. Out of these, 29 patients had uro-genital fistula. Surgical repair of the fistula was done through vaginal route on 27 patients while 2 required abdominal approach. RESULTS Out of 29 surgical repairs performed, 27 proved successful. CONCLUSION Difficult and complicated fistulae need experienced surgeon. Establishment of separate fistula surgery unit along with appropriate care and expertise accounts for the desired results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasreen Jatoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
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Lipson SM, David K, Shaikh F, Qian L. Detection of precytopathic effect of enteroviruses in clinical specimens by centrifugation-enhanced antigen detection. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:2755-9. [PMID: 11473988 PMCID: PMC88235 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.8.2755-2759.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid enterovirus detection is important for decisions about antibiotic administration and length of hospital stay. The efficacy of rapid antigen detection-cell culture amplification (Ag-CCA) was evaluated with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 5-D8/1 (DAKO) and Pan-Enterovirus clone 2E11 (Chemicon) with 10 poliovirus, echovirus, and coxsackievirus type A and B stock isolates and College of American Pathologists check samples. By using Ag-CCA technology, MAb 2E11 was more sensitive than 5-D8/1 at detecting a greater number of stock isolates at or past tube (cytopathic effect [CPE]) culture (TC) end points. The efficacy of Ag-CCA in the clinical setting was subsequently confirmed with 273 consecutively freshly collected nasopharyngeal aspirate or swab specimens, rectal swab, and cerebrospinal fluid specimens during the 1999 enterovirus season. All specimens were tested by Ag-CCA in parallel with rhesus monkey kidney (RhMk), MRC-5, and A549 conventional TCs. Approximately 60% of field specimens were additionally tested with Hep-2 and HNK conventional TCs. Sixty-two percent of the clinical specimens tested were Ag-CCA positive after 48 h. Among 51 isolates, the mean time to CPE or culture confirmation was 5.5 days (range, 2 to 18 days). After 48 h, Ag-CCA achieved sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 62, 100, 100, and 93%, respectively. During the same period, TC-CPE displayed test parameters of 12, 100, 100, and 85%, respectively. After 5 days, the sensitivity and specificity of Ag-CCA increased to 92 and 98%, respectively. Within the same period, isolation attained sensitivity and specificity of 52 and 100%, respectively. Although Ag-CCA displayed slightly reduced sensitivity and reduced specificity compared with conventional cell culture after 14 days, the markedly superior 48-h enterovirus Ag-CCA detection rate supports incorporation of this assay into the routine clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lipson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Long Island University, Brookville, New York, USA.
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Ronis MJ, Badger TM, Shema SJ, Roberson PK, Shaikh F. Effects on pubertal growth and reproduction in rats exposed to lead perinatally or continuously throughout development. J Toxicol Environ Health A 1998; 53:327-341. [PMID: 9490329 DOI: 10.1080/009841098159312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive, endocrine, and growth effects of developmental lead exposure were assessed using a rat model in which 0.6% lead acetate (w/v) was administered in the drinking water ad libitum during different developmental periods to determine if lead actions were a result of direct effects of continuous exposure to the metal ion or secondary to disrupted neonatal "endocrine imprinting." Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to lead: (1) from gestational d 5 through birth; (2) during pregnancy and lactation; (3) during lactation only; (4) from birth through adulthood; or (5) from gestational d 5 through adulthood. Lead effects were measured on the development of aspects of the reproductive system, adult sex steroid levels, and growth rates in both male and female animals. The relative weights of male secondary sex organs in adult offspring were not significantly affected in any of the lead-treated groups. In contrast, female pups exposed to lead from birth through adulthood or from gestational day 5 through adulthood were observed to have significantly delayed vaginal opening and disrupted estrus cycling. These effects on female reproductive physiology were not observed in animals where lead exposure was confined only to pregnancy or lactation. Significant suppression of adult mean serum testosterone levels was only observed in male pups exposed to lead continuously from gestational age 5 d throughout life. Lead decreased birth weight in all animals exposed in utero and mean body weights were significantly decreased in all lead-treated groups up to weaning. Analysis of growth curves revealed that all lead-treated groups had significantly reduced growth rates during lactation. However, in addition, in male pups exposed to lead during pregnancy and lactation, from birth or from gestational age 5 d, growth rates were also significantly reduced during puberty. Postpubertal growth rates were unaffected in any lead-treated group. Thus, delayed female reproductive development and suppression of adult male serum testosterone concentration required continuous exposure to the heavy metal. Little evidence was observed for an alteration of "endocrine imprinting" by lead on either reproductive or growth parameters. Exposure during early development (pregnancy and lactation) resulted in no permanent effects in this model other than small (10%) decreases in the body weight of pups postpuberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ronis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA.
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Ronis MJ, Badger TM, Shema SJ, Roberson PK, Shaikh F. Reproductive toxicity and growth effects in rats exposed to lead at different periods during development. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1996; 136:361-71. [PMID: 8619245 DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive toxicity and growth effects of developmental lead exposure were assessed using a rat model in which 0.6% (w/v) lead acetate was administered in the drinking water ad libitum. Three series of experiments were conducted in which lead exposure was initiated beginning in utero, prepubertally, or postpubertally. Lead effects were measured on reproductive physiology and endocrinology, sexually dimorphic hepatic testosterone hydroxylation, and growth rates in both male and female animals. In male animals secondary sex organ weights were significantly decreased only in animals exposed prepubertally. In addition, serum testosterone levels were significantly suppressed, most severely in animals exposed from in utero (in the in utero group). Little effect was observed in adult female rats. However, in female animals exposed prepubertally, delayed vaginal opening and disrupted estrus cycling was observed. More severe reproductive disruption was accompanied by suppression of circulating estradiol in the in utero group. Effects on circulating sex steroids were accompanied by variable effects on circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, pituitary LH, and pituitary LH beta mRNA, suggesting a dual site of lead action: (a) at the level of the hypothalamic pituitary unit, and (b) directly at the level of gonadal steroid biosynthesis. Prepubertal growth in both sexes was suppressed 25% in the in utero group. However, pubertal growth rates were significantly suppressed only in male animals and postpubertal growth was not significantly different from controls in any of the experiments, despite continued exposure to high lead levels in the drinking water. In addition, at age 85 days, male-specific hepatic hydroxylation of testosterone at positions 2 alpha and 16 alpha, which is catalyzed by a cytochrome P450 isozyme CYP 2C11, itself regulated by sexually dimorphic growth hormone secretion, was unaffected. This suggests that the growth effects of lead are possibly due to a delay in the development of sex-specific pituitary growth hormone secretion patterns rather than a persistent developmental defect. Thus, the reproductive and growth effects of lead are complex and sex-dependent, and appear to involve multiple sites on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ronis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA
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Joshi S, Hughes JB, Shaikh F, Sanadi DR. On the role of coupling factor B in the mitochondrial Pi-ATP exchange reaction. J Biol Chem 1979; 254:10145-52. [PMID: 158592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Joshi S, Shaikh F, Sanadi DR. Restoration of Pi-ATP exchange in the oligomycin-sensitive ATPase: effect of a coupling factor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1975; 65:1371-7. [PMID: 150273 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(75)80381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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