1
|
Alves-Cabratosa L, Elosua-Bayés M, Martí-Lluch R, Blanch J, Tornabell-Noguera È, Garcia-Gil M, Ponjoan A, Grau M, Ribas-Aulinas F, Zacarías-Pons L, Marrugat J, Ramos R. Cardiovascular Risk Age Reflects Arterial Status: Middle-Aged People Showed Equivalent Arterial Stiffness to Older People in the Same Risk Category. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:626-640. [PMID: 38171907 PMCID: PMC11079498 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The concept of risk age may help overcome an excessive weight of age in cardiovascular risk functions. This study aimed to evaluate the equivalence of risk age with arterial stiffness by comparing people with increased risk age and individuals with the same chronological and risk age. In order to materialize this aim, we categorized individuals based on cardiovascular risk and compared groups with increased risk factors (other than age) and groups with normal levels. METHODS This is a cross-sectional population-level study carried out in Girona province within the context of the REGICOR study (Girona Heart Registry). In this study, individuals aged 35-90 years who had a brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity measurement and with no previous cardiovascular disease or peripheral arterial disease were included. Cardiovascular risk was estimated with the FRESCO (in 35-79 year-olds), SCORE2 (in 35-69 year-olds), and SCORE2-OP (in 70-90 year-olds) functions and categorized to calculate and compare (in each category) the median chronological age in the group with increased risk factors and the reference. Arterial stiffness was assessed with the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The analyses were carried out separately by sex. RESULTS In this study, 2499 individuals were included, with a mean age of 59.7 and 46.9% of men. Men presented worse health condition, including a higher mean cardiovascular disease risk score. Both men and women with increased levels of risk factors showed worse health condition than the respective men and women with optimal levels. In each risk category, the groups with higher risk age than chronological age (increased risk factors) were similar in baPWV values to the groups with the same chronological and risk ages (reference), who were consistently older. CONCLUSIONS In categories with the same cardiovascular risk, the arterial stiffness of participants with a higher risk factor burden (increased risk age) matched that of older participants with the rest of the risk factors at optimal levels (same chronological and risk age). These results support the guidelines on the utilization of risk age to explain heightened cardiovascular risk, particularly among individuals in middle age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lia Alves-Cabratosa
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
| | - Marc Elosua-Bayés
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
| | - Ruth Martí-Lluch
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)
- Institut d’Investigacio Biomedica de Girona (IdIBGi)
| | - Jordi Blanch
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
| | - Èric Tornabell-Noguera
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)
| | - Maria Garcia-Gil
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
| | - Anna Ponjoan
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)
- Institut d’Investigacio Biomedica de Girona (IdIBGi)
| | - Maria Grau
- Serra Hunter Fellow, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS)
| | - Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)
| | - Lluís Zacarías-Pons
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- Registre Gironi del Cor (REGICOR) Grupo de investigacion en epidemiologia y genetica cardiovascular (EGEC), Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mediques (IMIM)
- CIBER Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
| | - Rafel Ramos
- Grup Investigacio en Salut Cardiovascular de Girona (ISV-Girona). Institut Universitari d’Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol)
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS)
- Institut d’Investigacio Biomedica de Girona (IdIBGi)
- Departament de Ciencies Mediques, Universitat de Girona
- Serveis d’Atencio Primaria, Girona. Institut Catala de Salut (ICS)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ponjoan A, Blanch J, Fages-Masmiquel E, Martí-Lluch R, Alves-Cabratosa L, Garcia-Gil MDM, Domínguez-Armengol G, Ribas-Aulinas F, Zacarías-Pons L, Ramos R. Sex matters in the association between cardiovascular health and incident dementia: evidence from real world data. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:58. [PMID: 38481343 PMCID: PMC10938682 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular health has been associated with dementia onset, but little is known about the variation of such association by sex and age considering dementia subtypes. We assessed the role of sex and age in the association between cardiovascular risk and the onset of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia in people aged 50-74 years. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study covering 922.973 Catalans who attended the primary care services of the Catalan Health Institute (Spain). Data were obtained from the System for the Development of Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP database). Exposure was the cardiovascular risk (CVR) at baseline categorized into four levels of Framingham-REGICOR score (FRS): low (FRS < 5%), low-intermediate (5% ≤ FRS < 7.5%), high-intermediate (7.5% ≤ FRS < 10%), high (FRS ≥ 10%), and one group with previous vascular disease. Cases of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease were identified using validated algorithms, and cases of vascular dementia were identified by diagnostic codes. We fitted stratified Cox models using age parametrized as b-Spline. RESULTS A total of 51,454 incident cases of all-cause dementia were recorded over a mean follow-up of 12.7 years. The hazard ratios in the low-intermediate and high FRS groups were 1.12 (95% confidence interval: 1.08-1.15) and 1.55 (1.50-1.60) for all-cause dementia; 1.07 (1.03-1.11) and 1.17 (1.11-1.24) for Alzheimer's disease; and 1.34 (1.21-1.50) and 1.90 (1.67-2.16) for vascular dementia. These associations were stronger in women and in midlife compared to later life in all dementia types. Women with a high Framingham-REGICOR score presented a similar risk of developing dementia - of any type - to women who had previous vascular disease, and at age 50-55, they showed three times higher risk of developing dementia risk compared to the lowest Framingham-REGICOR group. CONCLUSIONS We found a dose‒response association between the Framingham-REGICOR score and the onset of all dementia types. Poor cardiovascular health in midlife increased the onset of all dementia types later in life, especially in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ponjoan
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain.
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Trueta University Hospital. Parc Hospitalari Martí I Julià, (Ed. M2), C/Dr. Castany S/N, Salt (Girona), Catalonia, 17190, Spain.
- Network for Research On Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), C/ Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain.
| | - Jordi Blanch
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - Ester Fages-Masmiquel
- Atenció Primària, Gerència Territorial de Girona, Institut Català de la Salut. C/Mossèn Joan Pons S/N, Girona, 17001, Spain
| | - Ruth Martí-Lluch
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Trueta University Hospital. Parc Hospitalari Martí I Julià, (Ed. M2), C/Dr. Castany S/N, Salt (Girona), Catalonia, 17190, Spain
- Network for Research On Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), C/ Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - Lia Alves-Cabratosa
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Garcia-Gil
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - Gina Domínguez-Armengol
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
- Network for Research On Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), C/ Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
- Network for Research On Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), C/ Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - Lluís Zacarías-Pons
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
- Network for Research On Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), C/ Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain
| | - Rafel Ramos
- Vascular Health Research Group (ISV-Girona), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), C/Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain.
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Dr. Trueta University Hospital. Parc Hospitalari Martí I Julià, (Ed. M2), C/Dr. Castany S/N, Salt (Girona), Catalonia, 17190, Spain.
- Network for Research On Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), C/ Maluquer Salvador nº11, Girona, Catalonia, 17002, Spain.
- Atenció Primària, Gerència Territorial de Girona, Institut Català de la Salut. C/Mossèn Joan Pons S/N, Girona, 17001, Spain.
- Translab Research Group, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, C/Emili Grahit, 77, Girona, Catalonia, 17071, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ribas-Aulinas F, Ribo S, Casas E, Mourin-Fernandez M, Ramon-Krauel M, Diaz R, Lerin C, Kalko SG, Vavouri T, Jimenez-Chillaron JC. Intergenerational Inheritance of Hepatic Steatosis in a Mouse Model of Childhood Obesity: Potential Involvement of Germ-Line microRNAs. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051241. [PMID: 36904241 PMCID: PMC10005268 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome later in life. Moreover, metabolic dysfunction may be inherited into the following generation through non-genomic mechanisms, with epigenetics as a plausible candidate. The pathways involved in the development of metabolic dysfunction across generations in the context of childhood obesity remain largely unexplored. We have developed a mouse model of early adiposity by reducing litter size at birth (small litter group, SL: 4 pups/dam; control group, C: 8 pups/dam). Mice raised in small litters (SL) developed obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis with aging. Strikingly, the offspring of SL males (SL-F1) also developed hepatic steatosis. Paternal transmission of an environmentally induced phenotype strongly suggests epigenetic inheritance. We analyzed the hepatic transcriptome in C-F1 and SL-F1 mice to identify pathways involved in the development of hepatic steatosis. We found that the circadian rhythm and lipid metabolic process were the ontologies with highest significance in the liver of SL-F1 mice. We explored whether DNA methylation and small non-coding RNAs might be involved in mediating intergenerational effects. Sperm DNA methylation was largely altered in SL mice. However, these changes did not correlate with the hepatic transcriptome. Next, we analyzed small non-coding RNA content in the testes of mice from the parental generation. Two miRNAs (miR-457 and miR-201) appeared differentially expressed in the testes of SL-F0 mice. They are known to be expressed in mature spermatozoa, but not in oocytes nor early embryos, and they may regulate the transcription of lipogenic genes, but not clock genes, in hepatocytes. Hence, they are strong candidates to mediate the inheritance of adult hepatic steatosis in our murine model. In conclusion, litter size reduction leads to intergenerational effects through non-genomic mechanisms. In our model, DNA methylation does not seem to play a role on the circadian rhythm nor lipid genes. However, at least two paternal miRNAs might influence the expression of a few lipid-related genes in the first-generation offspring, F1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sílvia Ribo
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Casas
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Marta Ramon-Krauel
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Diaz
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana G. Kalko
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tanya Vavouri
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Josep C. Jimenez-Chillaron
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-934024267
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ribas-Aulinas F, Parra-Vargas M, Ramon-Krauel M, Diaz R, Lerin C, Cambras T, Jimenez-Chillaron JC. Time-Restricted Feeding during Puberty Ameliorates Adiposity and Prevents Hepatic Steatosis in a Mouse Model of Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:3579. [PMID: 34684586 PMCID: PMC8538558 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time restricted feeding (TRF) refers to dietary interventions in which food access is limited during a specific timeframe of the day. TRFs have proven useful in improving metabolic health in adult subjects with obesity. Their beneficial effects are mediated, in part, through modulating the circadian rhythm. Nevertheless, the translation of these dietary interventions onto obese/overweight children and adolescents remains uncharacterized. The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of temporal dietary interventions for improving metabolic health in the context of childhood obesity. METHODS We have previously developed a mouse model of early adiposity (i.e., childhood obesity) through litter size reduction. Mice raised in small litters (SL) became obese as early as by two weeks of age, and as adults, they developed several obesity-related co-morbidities, including insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis. Here, we explored whether two independent short-term chrono-nutritional interventions might improve metabolic health in 1-month-old pre-pubertal SL mice. Both TRFs comprised 8 h feeding/14 h fasting. In the first one (TRF1) Control and SL mice had access to the diet for 8 h during the dark phase. In the second intervention (TRF2) food was available during the light:dark transitions. RESULTS TRF1 did not alter food intake nor ameliorate adiposity in SL-TRF1. In contrast, SL-TRF2 mice showed unintentional reduction of caloric intake, which was accompanied by reduced total body weight and adiposity. Strikingly, hepatic triglyceride content was completely normalized in SL-TRF1 and SL-TRF2 mice, when compared to the ad lib-fed SL mice. These effects were partially mediated by (i) clock-dependent signals, which might modulate the expression of Pparg or Cpt1a, and (ii) clock-independent signals, such as fasting itself, which could influence Fasn expression. CONCLUSIONS Time-restricted feeding is an effective and feasible nutritional intervention to improve metabolic health, namely hepatic steatosis, in a model of childhood obesity. These data open new avenues for future safe and efficient chrono-nutritional interventions aimed to improve metabolic health in children with overweight/obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (F.R.-A.); (M.P.-V.); (M.R.-K.); (R.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Marcela Parra-Vargas
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (F.R.-A.); (M.P.-V.); (M.R.-K.); (R.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Marta Ramon-Krauel
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (F.R.-A.); (M.P.-V.); (M.R.-K.); (R.D.); (C.L.)
- School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Diaz
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (F.R.-A.); (M.P.-V.); (M.R.-K.); (R.D.); (C.L.)
- School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (F.R.-A.); (M.P.-V.); (M.R.-K.); (R.D.); (C.L.)
| | - Trinitat Cambras
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Josep C. Jimenez-Chillaron
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (F.R.-A.); (M.P.-V.); (M.R.-K.); (R.D.); (C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ribas-Aulinas F, Ribo S, Parra-Vargas M, Fernández-Pérez A, Cebrià J, Guardiola-Perello M, Ramon-Krauel M, Lerin C, Diaz R, Kalko SG, Vallejo M, Díez-Noguera A, Cambras T, Jimenez-Chillaron JC. Neonatal overfeeding during lactation rapidly and permanently misaligns the hepatic circadian rhythm and programmes adult NAFLD. Mol Metab 2021; 45:101162. [PMID: 33422644 PMCID: PMC7851182 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a strong risk factor for adult obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms that link early adiposity with late-onset chronic diseases are poorly characterised. We developed a mouse model of early adiposity through litter size reduction. Mice reared in small litters (SLs) developed obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis during adulthood. The liver played a major role in the development of the disease. OBJECTIVE To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms that link early development and childhood obesity with adult hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. METHODS We analysed the hepatic transcriptome (Affymetrix) of control and SL mice to uncover potential pathways involved in the long-term programming of disease in our model. RESULTS The circadian rhythm was the most significantly deregulated Gene Ontology term in the liver of adult SL mice. Several core clock genes, such as period 1-3 and cryptochrome 1-2, were altered in two-week-old SL mice and remained altered throughout their life course until they reached 4-6 months of age. Defective circadian rhythm was restricted to the periphery since the expression of clock genes in the hypothalamus, the central pacemaker, was normal. The period-cryptochrome genes were primarily entrained by dietary signals. Hence, restricting food availability during the light cycle only uncoupled the central rhythm from the peripheral and completely normalised hepatic triglyceride content in adult SL mice. This effect was accompanied by better re-alignment of the hepatic period genes, suggesting that they might have played a causal role in mediating hepatic steatosis in the adult SL mice. Functional downregulation of Per2 in hepatocytes in vitro confirmed that the period genes regulated lipid-related genes in part through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppara). CONCLUSIONS The hepatic circadian rhythm matures during early development, from birth to postnatal day 30. Hence, nutritional challenges during early life may misalign the hepatic circadian rhythm and secondarily lead to metabolic derangements. Specific time-restricted feeding interventions improve metabolic health in the context of childhood obesity by partially re-aligning the peripheral circadian rhythm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ribo
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcela Parra-Vargas
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Cebrià
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Guardiola-Perello
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Ramon-Krauel
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Diaz
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mario Vallejo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Díez-Noguera
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trinitat Cambras
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep C Jimenez-Chillaron
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (Saint John of God Children's Hospital Barcelona), Endocrinology, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Villarroya J, Campderros L, Ribas-Aulinas F, Carrière A, Casteilla L, Giralt M, Villarroya F. Lactate induces expression and secretion of fibroblast growth factor-21 by muscle cells. Endocrine 2018; 61:165-168. [PMID: 29704156 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Campderros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Audrey Carrière
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL 5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL 5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marta Giralt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Madrid, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Santolini M, Sakakibara I, Gauthier M, Ribas-Aulinas F, Takahashi H, Sawasaki T, Mouly V, Concordet JP, Defossez PA, Hakim V, Maire P. MyoD reprogramming requires Six1 and Six4 homeoproteins: genome-wide cis-regulatory module analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:8621-8640. [PMID: 27302134 PMCID: PMC5062961 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic regulatory factors of the MyoD family have the ability to reprogram differentiated cells toward a myogenic fate. In this study, we demonstrate that Six1 or Six4 are required for the reprogramming by MyoD of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Using microarray experiments, we found 761 genes under the control of both Six and MyoD. Using MyoD ChIPseq data and a genome-wide search for Six1/4 MEF3 binding sites, we found significant co-localization of binding sites for MyoD and Six proteins on over a thousand mouse genomic DNA regions. The combination of both datasets yielded 82 genes which are synergistically activated by Six and MyoD, with 96 associated MyoD+MEF3 putative cis-regulatory modules (CRMs). Fourteen out of 19 of the CRMs that we tested demonstrated in Luciferase assays a synergistic action also observed for their cognate gene. We searched putative binding sites on these CRMs using available databases and de novo search of conserved motifs and demonstrated that the Six/MyoD synergistic activation takes place in a feedforward way. It involves the recruitment of these two families of transcription factors to their targets, together with partner transcription factors, encoded by genes that are themselves activated by Six and MyoD, including Mef2, Pbx-Meis and EBF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Santolini
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, PSL Research University, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Iori Sakakibara
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Morgane Gauthier
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | - Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Vincent Mouly
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Concordet
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | | | - Vincent Hakim
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, PSL Research University, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Maire
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ejaz A, Martinez-Guino L, Goldfine AB, Ribas-Aulinas F, De Nigris V, Ribó S, Gonzalez-Franquesa A, Garcia-Roves PM, Li E, Dreyfuss JM, Gall W, Kim JK, Bottiglieri T, Villarroya F, Gerszten RE, Patti ME, Lerin C. Dietary Betaine Supplementation Increases Fgf21 Levels to Improve Glucose Homeostasis and Reduce Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Mice. Diabetes 2016; 65:902-12. [PMID: 26858359 PMCID: PMC4806659 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Identifying markers of human insulin resistance may permit development of new approaches for treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. To this end, we analyzed the fasting plasma metabolome in metabolically characterized human volunteers across a spectrum of insulin resistance. We demonstrate that plasma betaine levels are reduced in insulin-resistant humans and correlate closely with insulin sensitivity. Moreover, betaine administration to mice with diet-induced obesity prevents the development of impaired glucose homeostasis, reduces hepatic lipid accumulation, increases white adipose oxidative capacity, and enhances whole-body energy expenditure. In parallel with these beneficial metabolic effects, betaine supplementation robustly increased hepatic and circulating fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)21 levels. Betaine administration failed to improve glucose homeostasis and liver fat content in Fgf21(-/-) mice, demonstrating that Fgf21 is necessary for betaine's beneficial effects. Together, these data indicate that dietary betaine increases Fgf21 levels to improve metabolic health in mice and suggest that betaine supplementation merits further investigation as a supplement for treatment or prevention of type 2 diabetes in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ejaz
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Allison B Goldfine
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Francesc Ribas-Aulinas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria De Nigris
- Diabetes and Obesity Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Ribó
- Endocrinology Section, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Gonzalez-Franquesa
- Diabetes and Obesity Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo M Garcia-Roves
- Diabetes and Obesity Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Physiological Sciences II, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Li
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan M Dreyfuss
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | | | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | | | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mary-Elizabeth Patti
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carles Lerin
- Endocrinology Section, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|