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Shelton GD, Mickelson JR, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Graham K, Carpentier MC, Guo LT, Minor KM. Variants in CLCN1 and PDE4C Associated with Muscle Hypertrophy, Dysphagia, and Gait Abnormalities in Young French Bulldogs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:722. [PMID: 38473107 PMCID: PMC10931052 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Muscle hypertrophy, swallowing disorders, and gait abnormalities are clinical signs common to many muscle diseases, including muscular dystrophies, non-dystrophic myotonias, genetic myopathies associated with deficiency of myostatin, and acquired inflammatory myopathies. Here, we investigated underlying causes of this triad of clinical signs in four young French bulldogs via muscle histopathology coupled with whole genome and Sanger sequencing. (2) Methods: Dogs were evaluated by veterinary clinical internists and neurologists, and biopsies were obtained for histopathological diagnosis. DNA was submitted for whole genome sequencing, followed by bioinformatics evaluation and confirmation of variants via Sanger sequencing in two cases. (3) Results: Two novel variants were identified. The first, found in two related French bulldogs, was a homozygous variant in the chloride channel gene CLCN1 known to cause non-dystrophic congenital myotonia, and the second, found in an unrelated French bulldog, was a heterozygous variant in the cAMP phosphodiesterase gene PDE4C, which is the major phosphodiesterase expressed in skeletal muscle and may play a role in decreasing muscle atrophy. An underlying molecular basis in one other case has not yet been identified. (4) Conclusions: Here, we identified two novel variants, one in the CLCN1 and one in the PDE4C gene, associated with clinical signs of muscle hypertrophy, dysphagia, and gait abnormalities, and we suggested other bases of these phenotypes in French bulldogs that are yet to be discovered. Identification of genes and deleterious variants associated with these clinical signs may assist breeders in improving the overall health of this very popular breed and may lead to the identification of new therapies to reverse muscle atrophy in people and animals with neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Steven G. Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (S.G.F.); (J.N.C.); (K.M.M.)
| | - Jonah N. Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (S.G.F.); (J.N.C.); (K.M.M.)
| | - Karina Graham
- Veterinary Specialists of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2228, Australia;
| | | | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (S.G.F.); (J.N.C.); (K.M.M.)
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2
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Christen M, Gregor A, Gutierrez-Quintana R, Bongers J, Rupp A, Penderis J, Shelton GD, Jagannathan V, Zweier C, Leeb T. NDUFS7 variant in dogs with Leigh syndrome and its functional validation in a Drosophila melanogaster model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2975. [PMID: 38316835 PMCID: PMC10844639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Two Jack-Russell Terrier × Chihuahua mixed-breed littermates with Leigh syndrome were investigated. The dogs presented with progressive ataxia, dystonia, and increased lactate levels. Brain MRI showed characteristic bilateral symmetrical T2 hyperintense lesions, histologically representing encephalomalacia. Muscle histopathology revealed accumulation of mitochondria. Whole genome sequencing identified a missense variant in a gene associated with human Leigh syndrome, NDUFS7:c.535G > A or p.(Val179Met). The genotypes at the variant co-segregated with the phenotype in the investigated litter as expected for a monogenic autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. We investigated the functional consequences of the missense variant in a Drosophila melanogaster model by expressing recombinant wildtype or mutant canine NDUFS7 in a ubiquitous knockdown model of the fly ortholog ND-20. Neither of the investigated overexpression lines completely rescued the lethality upon knockdown of the endogenous ND-20. However, a partial rescue was found upon overexpression of wildtype NDUFS7, where pupal lethality was moved to later developmental stages, which was not seen upon canine mutant overexpression, thus providing additional evidence for the pathogenicity of the identified variant. Our results show the potential of the fruit fly as a model for canine disease allele validation and establish NDUFS7:p.(Val179Met) as causative variant for the investigated canine Leigh syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Christen
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Gregor
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jos Bongers
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Angie Rupp
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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3
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Bradbury AM, Bagel J, Swain G, Miyadera K, Pesayco JP, Assenmacher CA, Brisson B, Hendricks I, Wang XH, Herbst Z, Pyne N, Odonnell P, Shelton GD, Gelb M, Hackett N, Szabolcs P, Vite CH, Escolar M. Combination HSCT and intravenous AAV-mediated gene therapy in a canine model proves pivotal for translation of Krabbe disease therapy. Mol Ther 2024; 32:44-58. [PMID: 37952085 PMCID: PMC10787152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only approved treatment for presymptomatic infantile globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD [Krabbe disease]). However, correction of disease is not complete, and outcomes remain poor. Herein we evaluated HSCT, intravenous (IV) adeno-associated virus rh10 vector (AAVrh10) gene therapy, and combination HSCT + IV AAVrh10 in the canine model of GLD. While HSCT alone resulted in no increase in survival as compared with untreated GLD dogs (∼16 weeks of age), combination HSCT + IV AAVrh10 at a dose of 4E13 genome copies (gc)/kg resulted in delayed disease progression and increased survival beyond 1 year of age. A 5-fold increase in AAVrh10 dose to 2E14 gc/kg, in combination with HSCT, normalized neurological dysfunction up to 2 years of age. IV AAVrh10 alone resulted in an average survival to 41.2 weeks of age. In the peripheral nervous system, IV AAVrh10 alone or in addition to HSCT normalized nerve conduction velocity, improved ultrastructure, and normalized GALC enzyme activity and psychosine concentration. In the central nervous system, only combination therapy at the highest dose was able to restore galactosylceramidase activity and psychosine concentrations to within the normal range. These data have now guided clinical translation of systemic AAV gene therapy as an addition to HSCT (NCT04693598, NCT05739643).
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Bradbury
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43215, USA.
| | - Jessica Bagel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gary Swain
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keiko Miyadera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jill P Pesayco
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Charles-Antoine Assenmacher
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Becky Brisson
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian Hendricks
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiao H Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Zachary Herbst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nettie Pyne
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Center for Gene Therapy, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
| | - Patricia Odonnell
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Michael Gelb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Neil Hackett
- Neil Hackett Consulting, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Paul Szabolcs
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Charles H Vite
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria Escolar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Forge Biologics, Grove City, OH 43123, USA
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Shelton GD, Tucciarone F, Guo LT, Coghill LM, Lyons LA. Precision medicine using whole genome sequencing identifies a novel dystrophin (DMD) variant for X-linked muscular dystrophy in a cat. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:135-144. [PMID: 38180235 PMCID: PMC10800237 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a large, heterogeneous group of degenerative muscle diseases. X-linked dystrophin-deficient MD in cats is the first genetically characterized cat model for a human disease and a few novel forms have been identified. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Muscular dystrophy was suspected in a young male domestic shorthair cat. Clinical, molecular, and genetic techniques could provide a definitive diagnosis. ANIMALS A 1-year-old male domestic shorthair cat presented for progressive difficulty walking, macroglossia and dysphagia beginning at 6 months of age. The tongue was thickened, protruded with constant ptyalism, and thickening and rigidity of the neck and shoulders were observed. METHODS A complete neurological examination, baseline laboratory evaluation and biopsies of the trapezius muscle were performed with owner consent. Indirect immunofluorescence staining of muscle cryosections was performed using several monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against dystrophy-associated proteins. DNA was isolated for genomic analyses by whole genome sequencing and comparison to DNA variants in the 99 Lives Cat Genome Sequencing dataset. RESULTS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Aspartate aminotransferase (687 IU/L) and creatine kinase (24 830 IU/L) activities were increased and mild hypokalemia (3.7 mmol/L) was present. Biopsy samples from the trapezius muscle confirmed a degenerative and regenerative myopathy and protein alterations identified by immunohistochemistry resulted in a diagnosis of a in dystrophin-deficient form of X-linked MD. A stop gain variant (c.4849C>T; p.Gln1617Ter) dystrophin was identified by genome sequencing. Precision/genomic medicine efforts for the domestic cat and in veterinary medicine support disease variant and animal model discovery and provide opportunities for targeted treatments for companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lyndon M. Coghill
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Leslie A. Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
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Ekenstedt KJ, Minor KM, Shelton GD, Hammond JJ, Miller AD, Taylor SM, Huang Y, Mickelson JR. A SACS deletion variant in Great Pyrenees dogs causes autosomal recessive neuronal degeneration. Hum Genet 2023; 142:1587-1601. [PMID: 37758910 PMCID: PMC10602964 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
ARSACS (autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay) is a human neurological disorder characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia and peripheral neuropathy. A recently recognized disorder in Great Pyrenees dogs is similarly characterized by widespread central nervous system degeneration leading to progressive cerebellar ataxia and spasticity, combined with peripheral neuropathy. Onset of clinical signs occurred in puppies as young as 4 months of age, with slow progression over several years. A multi-generation pedigree suggested an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Histopathology revealed consistent cerebellar Purkinje cell degeneration, neuronal degeneration in brainstem nuclei, widespread spinal cord white matter degeneration, ganglion cell degeneration, inappropriately thin myelin sheaths or fully demyelinated peripheral nerve fibers, and normal or only mild patterns of denervation atrophy in skeletal muscles. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data was collected from 6 cases and 26 controls, where homozygosity mapping identified a 3.3 Mb region on CFA25 in which all cases were homozygous and all controls were either heterozygous or homozygous for alternate haplotypes. This region tagged the SACS gene where variants are known to cause ARSACS. Sanger sequencing of SACS in affected dogs identified a 4 bp deletion that causes a frame shift and truncates 343 amino acids from the C terminus of the encoded sacsin protein (p.Val4244AlafsTer32). Our clinical and histopathological descriptions of this canine disorder contribute to the description of human ARSACS and represents the first naturally occurring large animal model of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari J Ekenstedt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, Lynn Hall, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - James J Hammond
- Department of Neurology, Pieper Memorial Veterinary Center, Middletown, CT, 06457, USA
| | - Andrew D Miller
- Section of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Susan M Taylor
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Yanyun Huang
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Inc., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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6
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Jankelunas L, Murthy VD, Chen AV, Minor KM, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Guo LT, Mickelson JR, Shelton GD. Novel COL6A3 frameshift variant in American Staffordshire Terrier dogs with Ullrich-like congenital muscular dystrophy. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2504-2509. [PMID: 37706358 PMCID: PMC10658572 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two (male and female) 10-month-old American Staffordshire Terrier littermates presented for progressive weakness, joint contracture, and distal limb joint hyperlaxity beginning around 6 months of age. Neurological examination, serum creatine kinase activity, infectious disease titers, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and electrodiagnostic testing were performed. Muscle biopsies were collected for histopathology and immunofluorescence staining for localization of dystrophy associated proteins. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 1 affected dog. Variants were compared to a database of 671 unaffected dogs of multiple breeds. Histopathology confirmed a dystrophic phenotype and immunofluorescence staining of muscle cryosections revealed an absence of staining for collagen-6. WGS identified a homozygous 1 bp deletion in the COL6A3 gene, unique to the first affected dog. Sanger sequencing confirmed the homozygous presence of the frameshift variant in both affected dogs. This report describes the clinical features and most likely genetic basis of an Ullrich-like recessively inherited form of congenital muscular dystrophy in American Staffordshire Terriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Jankelunas
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Vishal D. Murthy
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Annie V. Chen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWashingtonUSA
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Steven G. Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Jonah N. Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Cook S, Hooser BN, Williams DC, Kortz G, Aleman M, Minor K, Koziol J, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Shelton GD, Ekenstedt KJ. Canine models of Charcot-Marie-Tooth: MTMR2, MPZ, and SH3TC2 variants in golden retrievers with congenital hypomyelinating polyneuropathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:677-691. [PMID: 37400349 PMCID: PMC10530471 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hypomyelinating polyneuropathy (HPN) restricted to the peripheral nervous system was reported in 1989 in two Golden Retriever (GR) littermates. Recently, four additional cases of congenital HPN in young, unrelated GRs were diagnosed via neurological examination, electrodiagnostic evaluation, and peripheral nerve pathology. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on all four GRs, and variants from each dog were compared to variants found across >1,000 other dogs, all presumably unaffected with HPN. Likely causative variants were identified for each HPN-affected GR. Two cases shared a homozygous splice donor site variant in MTMR2, with a stop codon introduced within six codons following the inclusion of the intron. One case had a heterozygous MPZ isoleucine to threonine substitution. The last case had a homozygous SH3TC2 nonsense variant predicted to truncate approximately one-half of the protein. Haplotype analysis using 524 GR established the novelty of the identified variants. Each variant occurs within genes that are associated with the human Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) group of heterogeneous diseases, affecting the peripheral nervous system. Testing a large GR population (n = >200) did not identify any dogs with these variants. Although these variants are rare within the general GR population, breeders should be cautious to avoid propagating these alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Cook
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Blair N Hooser
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - D Colette Williams
- The William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gregg Kortz
- VCA Sacramento Veterinary Referral Center, Sacramento CA, USA
| | - Monica Aleman
- The William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Katie Minor
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jennifer Koziol
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jonah N Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kari J Ekenstedt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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8
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Guo LT, Mickelson JR. Current Classification of Canine Muscular Dystrophies and Identification of New Variants. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1557. [PMID: 37628610 PMCID: PMC10454810 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The spectrum of canine muscular dystrophies has rapidly grown with the recent identification of several more affected breeds and associated mutations. Defects include those in genes and protein products associated with the sarcolemma (dystrophin deficient X-linked muscular dystrophy and sarcoglycan-deficient limb-girdle muscular dystrophy) and with the extracellular matrix (collagen 6, laminin α2, and α-dystroglycan-deficient congenital muscular dystrophies). With the increasing application of whole genome sequencing and whole exome sequencing, the clinical and pathological spectra associated with specific neuromuscular genetic defects are constantly evolving. In this report, we provide a brief overview of the current status of gene defects reported in canine muscular dystrophies. We also report the causative mutations for novel forms of X-linked muscular dystrophy in Brittany spaniels and in a French bulldog.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (K.M.M.); (J.R.M.)
| | - Steven G. Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (S.G.F.); (J.N.C.)
| | - Jonah N. Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (S.G.F.); (J.N.C.)
| | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (K.M.M.); (J.R.M.)
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9
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Opmeer Y, Grinwis GCM, Shelton GD, Rosati M, Alf V, Fieten H, Leegwater PAJ, Matiasek K, Mandigers PJJ. An Inflammatory Myopathy in the Dutch Kooiker Dog. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091508. [PMID: 37174546 PMCID: PMC10177195 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dutch Kooiker dog (het Nederlandse Kooikerhondje) is one of nine Dutch dog breeds. As of 1960, a number of heritable diseases have been noted in this breed. One is an inflammatory myopathy that emerged in 1972, with numbers of affected dogs gradually increasing during the last few decades. The objective of this paper is to describe clinical signs, laboratory results, electromyography and histopathology of the muscle biopsies of the affected dogs. Method: Both retrospectively as well as prospectively affected Kooiker dogs were identified and categorized using a Tiered level of Confidence. Results: In total, 160 Kooiker dogs-40 Tier I, 33 Tier II and 87 Tier III-were included. Clinical signs were (1) locomotory problems, such as inability to walk long distances, difficulty getting up, stiff gait, walking on eggshells; (2) dysphagia signs such as drooling, difficulty eating and/or drinking; or (3) combinations of locomotory and dysphagia signs. CK activities were elevated in all except for one dog. Histopathology revealed a predominant lymphohistiocytic myositis with a usually low and variable number of eosinophils, neutrophils and plasma cells. It is concluded that, within this breed, a most likely heritable inflammatory myopathy occurs. Further studies are needed to classify this inflammatory myopathy, discuss its treatment, and unravel the genetic cause of this disease to eradicate it from this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvet Opmeer
- Expertise Centre of Genetics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guy C M Grinwis
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 94720, USA
| | - Marco Rosati
- Section of Clinical and Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Vanessa Alf
- Section of Clinical and Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Hille Fieten
- Expertise Centre of Genetics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A J Leegwater
- Expertise Centre of Genetics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Section of Clinical and Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Paul J J Mandigers
- Expertise Centre of Genetics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Stevens R, Kanazono S, Petesch S, Guo LT, Shelton GD. Dystrophin-Deficient Muscular Dystrophy in Two Male Juvenile Brittanys. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2022; 58:292-296. [PMID: 36315862 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-7255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A 6 mo old and a 7 mo old male intact Brittany were presented for progressive exercise intolerance, failure to grow, and dysphagia. Creatine kinase activity was markedly and persistently elevated in both dogs. Based on the neurological examination, clinical signs localized to the neuromuscular system. Electromyography revealed complex repetitive discharges in multiple muscle groups. Immunofluorescence of biopsies confirmed dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy. This is the first report describing dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy in the Brittany breed. Currently, no specific therapies are available for this form of myopathy. The presence of dystrophin deficiency in the two dogs suggests an inherited myopathy rather than a spontaneous mutation. The location of the dogs in the United States and Japan suggests a wide distribution of this dystrophy and should alert clinicians to the existence of this myopathy in the Brittany breed. A mutation in the DMD gene has not yet been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Stevens
- From Burlington Emergency and Veterinary Specialists, Williston, Vermont (R.S.)
| | | | - Scott Petesch
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (S.P.)
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (L.T.G., G.D.S.)
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (L.T.G., G.D.S.)
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11
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Vieira NM, Kunkel LM, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Guo LT, Zatz M, Mickelson JR. Tandem duplication within the DMD gene in Labrador retrievers with a mild clinical phenotype. Neuromuscul Disord 2022; 32:836-841. [PMID: 36041985 PMCID: PMC10040250 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A form of dystrophinopathy with mild or subclinical neuromuscular signs has been previously reported in a family of Labrador retrievers. Markedly and persistently elevated creatine kinase activity was first noted at 6 months of age. Skeletal muscle biopsies revealed a dystrophic phenotype, with dystrophin non-detectable on western blotting and immunohistochemical staining, and with increased utrophin expression. In this report we demonstrate with western blotting that α-dystroglycan is present at essentially normal levels. Whole genome sequencing has also now revealed an approximately 400kb tandem genomic DNA duplication including exons 2-7 of the DMD gene that was inserted into intron 7 of the wild type gene. Skeletal muscle cDNA from 2 cases contained DMD transcripts as expected from an in-frame properly-spliced exon 2-7 tandem insertion. A similar 5' duplication involving DMD exons 2-7 has been reported in a human family with dilated cardiomyopathy but without skeletal myopathy. This is the 3rd confirmed mutation in the DMD gene in Labrador retrievers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, LaJolla, CA, USA.
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Natassia M Vieira
- The Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Louis M Kunkel
- The Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jonah N Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, LaJolla, CA, USA
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Human Genome and Stem Cell Center, Biosciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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12
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Kopke MA, Diane Shelton G, Lyons LA, Wall MJ, Pemberton S, Gedye KR, Owen R, Guo LT, Buckley RM, Valencia JA, Jones BR. X-linked myotubular myopathy associated with an MTM1 variant in a Maine coon cat. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:1800-1805. [PMID: 35962713 PMCID: PMC9511081 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Describe the clinical course and diagnostic and genetic findings in a cat with X‐linked myotubular myopathy. Case Summary A 7‐month‐old male Maine coon was evaluated for progressively worsening gait abnormalities and generalized weakness. Neurolocalization was to the neuromuscular system. Genetic testing for spinal muscular atrophy (LIX1) was negative. Given the progressive nature and suspected poor long‐term prognosis, the owners elected euthanasia. Histopathology of skeletal muscle obtained post‐mortem disclosed numerous rounded atrophic or hypotrophic fibers with internal nuclei or central basophilic staining. Using oxidative reactions mediated by cytochrome C oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase, scattered myofibers were observed to have central dark staining structures and a “ring‐like” appearance. Given the cat's age and clinical history, a congenital myopathy was considered most likely, with the central nuclei and “ring‐like” changes consistent with either centronuclear or myotubular myopathy. Whole genome sequencing identified an underlying missense variant in myotubularin 1 (MTM1), a known candidate gene for X‐linked myotubular myopathy. New or Unique Information Provided This case is the first report of X‐linked myotubular myopathy in a cat with an MTM1 missense mutation. Maine coon cat breeders may consider screening for this variant to prevent production of affected cats and to eradicate the variant from the breeding population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Kopke
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Veterinary Nutrition Group, Le Fel, France
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Leslie A Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Meredith J Wall
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.,Veterinary Nutrition Group, Le Fel, France
| | - Sarah Pemberton
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kristene R Gedye
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Owen
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Reuben M Buckley
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Juan A Valencia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Boyd R Jones
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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13
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Guo LT, Thomas-Hollands A, Walsh KA, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Mickelson JR. An EHPB1L1 Nonsense Mutation Associated with Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia and Polymyopathy in Labrador Retriever Littermates. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081427. [PMID: 36011338 PMCID: PMC9407898 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, we describe a novel genetic basis for congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and polymyopathy in Labrador Retriever littermates characterized by incidental detection of marked microcytosis, inappropriate metarubricytosis, pelvic limb weakness and muscle atrophy. A similar syndrome has been described in English Springer Spaniel littermates with an early onset of anemia, megaesophagus, generalized muscle atrophy and cardiomyopathy. Muscle histopathology in both breeds showed distinctive pathological changes consistent with congenital polymyopathy. Using whole genome sequencing and mapping to the CanFam4 (Canis lupus familiaris reference assembly 4), a nonsense variant in the EHBP1L1 gene was identified in a homozygous form in the Labrador Retriever littermates. The mutation produces a premature stop codon that deletes approximately 90% of the protein. This variant was not present in the English Springer Spaniels. Currently, EHPB1L1 is described as critical to actin cytoskeletal organization and apical-directed transport in polarized epithelial cells, and through connections with Rab8 and a BIN1-dynamin complex generates membrane vesicles in the endocytic recycling compartment. Furthermore, EHBP1L1 knockout mice die early and develop severe anemia. The connection of EHBP1L1 to BIN1 and DMN2 functions is particularly interesting due to BIN1 and DMN2 mutations being causative in forms of centronuclear myopathy. This report, along with an independent study conducted by another group, are the first reports of an association of EHBP1L1 mutations with congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and polymyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alison Thomas-Hollands
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Koranda A. Walsh
- Department of Clinical Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Steven G. Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Jonah N. Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Correspondence:
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14
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Krenzke LR, Cameron S, Pritchard JC, Webb DB, Guo LT, Shelton GD. Glossitis in an older non-corgi dog: Diagnosis and long-term follow-up. Can Vet J 2022; 63:825-829. [PMID: 35919473 PMCID: PMC9281888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A 9-year-old spayed female 18.8 kg mixed breed boxer dog was referred for evaluation of a 7-month history of difficulty swallowing and prehending food, regurgitation, hypersalivation, and an abnormal dorsiflexion of the tongue. Prior to referral, a barium study was performed, which revealed a mildly dilated esophagus. Treatment with sucralfate, cisapride, and prednisone was initiated. Physical examination revealed bilateral, symmetric atrophy of the temporalis muscles, dorsiflexion of the distal aspect of the tongue with concurrent muscle atrophy, and a reduced gag reflex. Electrodiagnostic examinations revealed spontaneous electrical activity in the muscles of mastication and tongue. Biopsies from the right temporalis, tongue, and biceps femoris muscles were collected. An immune-mediated myositis with fibrosis, scattered CD3, CD4, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and upregulation of markers for major histocompatibility antigens were observed in the tongue and temporalis muscles. The dog was treated with a tapering course of prednisone over 2 months and cyclosporine long-term. The dog was maintained on cyclosporine alone for > 2 years and clinical signs remained static, although multiple episodes of aspiration pneumonia occurred. Ultimately, euthanasia was performed due to chronic kidney disease with associated anemia, lethargy, and anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda R Krenzke
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Krenzke, Cameron, Pritchard); Southeast Veterinary Neurology of Boynton Beach, Boynton Beach, Florida, USA (Webb); Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (Guo, Shelton)
| | - Starr Cameron
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Krenzke, Cameron, Pritchard); Southeast Veterinary Neurology of Boynton Beach, Boynton Beach, Florida, USA (Webb); Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (Guo, Shelton)
| | - Jessica C Pritchard
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Krenzke, Cameron, Pritchard); Southeast Veterinary Neurology of Boynton Beach, Boynton Beach, Florida, USA (Webb); Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (Guo, Shelton)
| | - D Blake Webb
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Krenzke, Cameron, Pritchard); Southeast Veterinary Neurology of Boynton Beach, Boynton Beach, Florida, USA (Webb); Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (Guo, Shelton)
| | - Ling T Guo
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Krenzke, Cameron, Pritchard); Southeast Veterinary Neurology of Boynton Beach, Boynton Beach, Florida, USA (Webb); Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (Guo, Shelton)
| | - G Diane Shelton
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Krenzke, Cameron, Pritchard); Southeast Veterinary Neurology of Boynton Beach, Boynton Beach, Florida, USA (Webb); Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California - San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA (Guo, Shelton)
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15
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Thomovsky S, Guo LT, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Mickelson JR. Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 36:279-284. [PMID: 34854126 PMCID: PMC8783360 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-year-old female spayed dog was presented with a chronic history of short-strided gait and inability to completely open the jaw. Clinical signs were present since the dog was adopted from a humane society at a few months of age. Serum creatine kinase activity was abnormally high. Neurological examination, electromyography, muscle biopsies with immunofluorescent staining, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed. A dystrophic phenotype was identified histologically in muscle biopsies, deficiency of laminin α2 protein was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining, and a deletion in the LAMA2 gene was identified by analysis of the WGS data. Congenital muscular dystrophy associated with a disease variant in LAMA2 was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephanie Thomovsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jonah N Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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16
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Christen M, Indzhova V, Guo LT, Jagannathan V, Leeb T, Shelton GD, Brocal J. LAMA2 Nonsense Variant in an Italian Greyhound with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1823. [PMID: 34828429 PMCID: PMC8618982 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-month-old, male Italian Greyhound with clinical signs of a neuromuscular disease was investigated. The affected dog presented with an abnormal short-strided gait, generalized muscle atrophy, and poor growth since 2-months of age. Serum biochemistry revealed a marked elevation in creatine kinase activity. Electrodiagnostic testing supported a myopathy. Histopathology of muscle biopsies confirmed a dystrophic phenotype with excessive variability in myofiber size, degenerating fibers, and endomysial fibrosis. A heritable form of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) was suspected, and a genetic analysis initiated. We sequenced the genome of the affected dog and compared the data to that of 795 control genomes. This search revealed a private homozygous nonsense variant in LAMA2, XM_022419950.1:c.3285G>A, predicted to truncate 65% of the open reading frame of the wild type laminin α2 protein, XP_022275658.1:p.(Trp1095*). Immunofluorescent staining performed on muscle cryosections from the affected dog confirmed the complete absence of laminin α2 in skeletal muscle. LAMA2 loss of function variants were shown to cause severe laminin α2-related CMD in humans, mouse models, and in one previously described dog. Our data together with current knowledge on other species suggest the LAMA2 nonsense variant as cause for the CMD phenotype in the investigated dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Christen
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (M.C.); (V.J.)
| | - Victoria Indzhova
- Neurology-Neurosurgery Service, Willows Veterinary Centre and Referral Service, Solihull B90 4NH, West Midlands, UK;
| | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709, USA; (L.T.G.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (M.C.); (V.J.)
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (M.C.); (V.J.)
| | - G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709, USA; (L.T.G.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Josep Brocal
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Winchester SO21 2LL, Hampshire, UK;
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17
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Forgash JT, Chang YM, Mittelman NS, Petesch S, Benedicenti L, Galban E, Hammond JJ, Glass EN, Barker JR, Shelton GD, Luo J, Garden OA. Clinical features and outcome of acquired myasthenia gravis in 94 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:2315-2326. [PMID: 34331481 PMCID: PMC8478050 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Factors known to be associated with outcome of acquired myasthenia gravis (MG) in dogs are limited. Hypothesis/Objectives Of dogs with MG, advancing age and comorbid neoplasia are associated with poor long‐term prognosis and low rates of remission. Animals Ninety‐four client‐owned dogs with MG diagnosed by acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR Ab) assay between 2001 and 2019 from a university clinic and 3 private clinics in the United States. Methods Cases were retrospectively evaluated and data were collected to determine clinical signs, treatment, and response to therapy defined by means of a clinical scoring rubric. Immunological remission was defined as a return of the AChR Ab concentration to <0.6 nmol/L. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify clinical criteria predicting remission. Results An anticholinesterase drug was used to treat 90/94 (96%) dogs, which in 63/94 (67%) was the sole treatment; other drugs included immune modulators. Clinical remission (lack of clinical signs ≥4 weeks after treatment cessation) was observed in 29 (31% [95% confidence interval (CI): 22.4‐40.8%]) dogs, clinical response (lack of clinical signs on treatment) in 14 (15% [95% CI: 9.0‐23.6%]) dogs, clinical improvement (on treatment) in 24 (26% [95% CI: 17.8‐35.2%]) dogs, and no clinical improvement in 27 (29% [95% CI: 20.5‐38.6%]) dogs. Immunological remission was observed in 27/46 (59%) dogs, with clinical remission in all 27. Younger age (P = .04) and comorbid endocrine disease (P = .04) were associated with clinical remission. Initial AChR Ab concentration (P = .02) and regurgitation (P = .04) were negatively associated with clinical remission. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Clinical remission in MG is less likely in older dogs and dogs presenting with regurgitation or high initial AChR Ab concentration, but more likely in younger dogs and dogs with comorbid endocrine disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Forgash
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yu-Mei Chang
- Research Support Office, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil S Mittelman
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott Petesch
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leontine Benedicenti
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Evelyn Galban
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James J Hammond
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Pieper Memorial Veterinary Center, Middletown, Connecticut, USA
| | - Eric N Glass
- Section of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jessica R Barker
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Bush Veterinary Neurology Service, Springfield, Virginia, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Oliver A Garden
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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18
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Guo LT, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Hord JM, Venzke D, Anderson ME, Devereaux M, Prouty SJ, Handelman C, Campbell KP, Mickelson JR. Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy in a family of Labrador retrievers with a LARGE1 mutation. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1169-1178. [PMID: 34654610 PMCID: PMC8963908 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-dystroglycan (αDG) is a highly glycosylated cell surface protein with a significant role in cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions in muscle. αDG interaction with extracellular ligands relies on the activity of the LARGE1 glycosyltransferase that synthesizes and extends the heteropolysaccharide matriglycan. Abnormalities in αDG glycosylation and formation of matriglycan are the pathogenic mechanisms for the dystroglycanopathies, a group of congenital muscular dystrophies. Muscle biopsies were evaluated from related 6-week-old Labrador retriever puppies with poor suckling, small stature compared to normal litter mates, bow-legged stance and markedly elevated creatine kinase activities. A dystrophic phenotype with marked degeneration and regeneration, multifocal mononuclear cell infiltration and endomysial fibrosis was identified on muscle cryosections. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array genotyping data on the family members identified three regions of homozygosity in 4 cases relative to 8 controls. Analysis of whole genome sequence data from one of the cases identified a stop codon mutation in the LARGE1 gene that truncates 40% of the protein. Immunofluorescent staining and western blotting demonstrated the absence of matriglycan in skeletal muscle and heart from affected dogs. Compared to control, LARGE enzyme activity was not detected. This is the first report of a dystroglycanopathy in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709 United States.
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709 United States
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
| | - Jonah N Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
| | - Jeffrey M Hord
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - David Venzke
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Mary E Anderson
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Megan Devereaux
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Sally J Prouty
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - Caryl Handelman
- Veterinary Housecalls of Long Island, Commack, NY 11725 United States
| | - Kevin P Campbell
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Neurology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Roy J and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 United States
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 United States
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Chow JL, Lam A, Shelton GD. Progressive increases in creatine kinase activity in an anorexic cat with necrotising myopathy. JFMS Open Rep 2021; 7:20551169211031790. [PMID: 34350026 PMCID: PMC8287364 DOI: 10.1177/20551169211031790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat with weight loss and reduced
appetite was evaluated for increased and progressively rising creatine kinase (CK)
activity. The cat had recently been diagnosed with hepatic lipidosis. Muscle biopsy and
histopathology revealed mild myonecrosis and phagocytosis without obvious inflammatory
cell infiltrates. Resolution of necrotising myopathy was observed after a short course
of anti-inflammatory prednisolone and nutritional supplementation. Relevance and novel information This is the first report of a necrotising myopathy in a cat associated with
progressively increasing CK activity and decreased appetite. Anorexia in cats has been
associated with increased CK activity, but an underlying cause of this CK elevation has
only been postulated. Here we document muscle necrosis and muscle stiffness in a cat
with anorexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Ly Chow
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amy Lam
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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20
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Thomas-Hollands A, Shelton GD, Guo LT, Loughran K, Kaiman G, A Hutton T, Walsh KA. Congenital dyserythropoiesis and polymyopathy without cardiac disease in male Labrador retriever littermates. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:2409-2414. [PMID: 34227150 PMCID: PMC8478025 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two Labrador retriever littermates were identified based on incidentally noted marked microcytosis and inappropriate metarubricytosis. Muscle atrophy was noted and associated with distinctive pathological findings in biopsy samples from 1 dog studied. The disorder represents a rare clinical entity of suspected congenital dyserythropoiesis and polymyopathy. Clinicopathologic changes were similar to a previously reported syndrome of congenital dyserythropoiesis, congenital polymyopathy, and cardiac disease in 3 related English Springer Spaniel (ESS) dogs, but the dogs reported here did not have apparent cardiac disease. Interventions Bone marrow aspiration, electromyography, muscle biopsies, and an echocardiogram were performed on dog 1. Results supported dyserythropoiesis and congenital polymyopathy similar to reports in ESS dogs, but did not identify obvious cardiac disease. Conclusion The clinicopathologic changes of dyserythropoiesis and polymyopathy provide an easily recognizable phenotype for what appears to be a low morbidity syndrome. Early recognition may decrease unnecessary testing or euthanasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Thomas-Hollands
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kerry Loughran
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gregory Kaiman
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tabitha A Hutton
- Metropolitan Veterinary Associates, Norristown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Koranda A Walsh
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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21
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Armellini M, Sánchez L, Lorek A, Shelton GD, De Risio L. Clinical presentation, MRI, histopathology and outcome in a cat with immune-mediated masticatory myositis. JFMS Open Rep 2021; 7:20551169211050037. [PMID: 34646572 PMCID: PMC8504234 DOI: 10.1177/20551169211050037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CASE SUMMARY A 4-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented with facial swelling, ocular discharge and intermittent bilateral exophthalmos. Haematology revealed mild eosinophilia. Serum biochemistry showed a markedly elevated creatine kinase activity. MRI of the head revealed diffuse and severe changes of the masticatory muscles, including irregular areas compatible with fluid or necrosis within the abnormal muscle tissue. Cytological analysis of the left temporal muscle revealed eosinophilic and macrophagic inflammation. Bacterial and fungal cultures were negative. Serological titres against Toxoplasma gondii were compatible with previous exposure. A canine ELISA against masticatory muscle type IIM fibre proteins was positive at 1:4000 (reference interval <1:100). Histopathological examination of the left temporalis muscle revealed moderately severe and multifocal myositis. A diagnosis of immune-mediated masticatory myositis was made and immunosuppressive therapy was started. The cat initially responded to tapering doses of prednisolone, but subsequent relapses required therapy modulation. At the time of writing, 27 months after the initial diagnosis, the cat was in remission, but was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, probably secondary to chronic glucocorticoid use. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION To our knowledge, this is the first case report to describe the MRI appearance of masticatory myositis in a cat and the second to describe the clinical presentation, histopathology, response to treatment and outcome in a cat with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Lorek
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Winchester, UK
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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22
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Hong HP, Thomovsky SA, Lewis MJ, Bentley RT, Shelton GD. Clinical characteristics of non-infectious inflammatory myopathy in the boxer dog. J Small Anim Pract 2021; 62:765-774. [PMID: 34002872 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment, outcome and potential association between non-infectious inflammatory myopathy and malignancy in boxer dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Boxer dogs histologically diagnosed with non-infectious inflammatory myopathy at the Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California San Diego from 2010 to 2018 and with complete medical records were included in this retrospective study. Signalment, history, clinical signs, clinicopathologic findings, treatment and outcome were documented. RESULTS Twenty-eight boxer dogs with non-infectious inflammatory myopathy, aged 1 to 11 years, were included. Eighteen were male (16 neutered; two entire) and 10 were female (seven spayed; three entire). Clinical signs included generalised weakness (n=17), dysphagia (n=11) and weight loss (n=10). Serum creatine kinase activity was elevated in all 20 cases tested (range 908 to 138,000 IU/L). One dog had undifferentiated round cell neoplastic infiltration within the muscle at the time of inflammatory myopathy diagnosis. Five dogs historically had mast cell tumours and 21 dogs were not diagnosed with neoplasia prior, at the time of or after inflammatory myopathy diagnosis. Treatment included glucocorticoid monotherapy (n=12), cyclosporine monotherapy (n=1) or multiple immune-suppressive medications (n=14). Six dogs neurologically improved, 11 improved but relapsed while on treatment, seven did not improve. Eight dogs were euthanased, one died, four were lost to follow-up. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Boxer dogs with non-infectious inflammatory myopathy can present for generalised weakness and dysphagia; long-term successful outcome is uncommon. The relationship between neoplasia and non-infectious inflammatory myopathy in boxer dogs remains unclear; future prospective studies evaluating a larger cohort are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Hong
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - S A Thomovsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - M J Lewis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - R T Bentley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - G D Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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23
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Bradbury AM, Bagel JH, Nguyen D, Lykken EA, Pesayco Salvador J, Jiang X, Swain GP, Assenmacher CA, Hendricks IJ, Miyadera K, Hess RS, Ostrager A, ODonnell P, Sands MS, Ory DS, Shelton GD, Bongarzone ER, Gray SJ, Vite CH. Krabbe disease successfully treated via monotherapy of intrathecal gene therapy. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4906-4920. [PMID: 32773406 DOI: 10.1172/jci133953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD; Krabbe disease) is a progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disease caused by deficient activity of the hydrolytic enzyme galactosylceramidase (GALC). The ensuing cytotoxic accumulation of psychosine results in diffuse central and peripheral nervous system (CNS, PNS) demyelination. Presymptomatic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only treatment for infantile-onset GLD; however, clinical outcomes of HSCT recipients often remain poor, and procedure-related morbidity is high. There are no effective therapies for symptomatic patients. Herein, we demonstrate in the naturally occurring canine model of GLD that presymptomatic monotherapy with intrathecal AAV9 encoding canine GALC administered into the cisterna magna increased GALC enzyme activity, normalized psychosine concentration, improved myelination, and attenuated inflammation in both the CNS and PNS. Moreover, AAV-mediated therapy successfully prevented clinical neurological dysfunction, allowing treated dogs to live beyond 2.5 years of age, more than 7 times longer than untreated dogs. Furthermore, we found that a 5-fold lower dose resulted in an attenuated form of disease, indicating that sufficient dosing is critical. Finally, postsymptomatic therapy with high-dose AAV9 also significantly extended lifespan, signifying a treatment option for patients for whom HSCT is not applicable. If translatable to patients, these findings would improve the outcomes of patients treated either pre- or postsymptomatically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Bradbury
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica H Bagel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Duc Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erik A Lykken
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jill Pesayco Salvador
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gary P Swain
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles A Assenmacher
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ian J Hendricks
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Keiko Miyadera
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecka S Hess
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arielle Ostrager
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patricia ODonnell
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark S Sands
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel S Ory
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ernesto R Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven J Gray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Charles H Vite
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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24
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Mickelson JR, Minor KM, Guo LT, Friedenberg SG, Cullen JN, Ciavarella A, Hambrook LE, Brenner KM, Helmond SE, Marks SL, Shelton GD. Sarcoglycan A mutation in miniature dachshund dogs causes limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2D. Skelet Muscle 2021; 11:2. [PMID: 33407862 PMCID: PMC7789357 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00257-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A cohort of related miniature dachshund dogs with exercise intolerance, stiff gait, dysphagia, myoglobinuria, and markedly elevated serum creatine kinase activities were identified. METHODS Muscle biopsy histopathology, immunofluorescence microscopy, and western blotting were combined to identify the specific pathologic phenotype of the myopathy, and whole genome SNP array genotype data and whole genome sequencing were combined to determine its genetic basis. RESULTS Muscle biopsies were dystrophic. Sarcoglycanopathy, a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, was suspected based on immunostaining and western blotting, where α, β, and γ-sarcoglycan were all absent or reduced. Genetic mapping and whole genome sequencing identified a premature stop codon mutation in the sarcoglycan A subunit gene (SGCA). Affected dachshunds were confirmed on several continents. CONCLUSIONS This first SGCA mutation found in dogs adds to the literature of genetic bases of canine muscular dystrophies and their usefulness as comparative models of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55113, USA.
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55113, USA
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0709, USA
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55113, USA
| | - Jonah N Cullen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55113, USA
| | | | | | - Karen M Brenner
- Centre for Animal Referral and Emergency, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah E Helmond
- Animal Referral Hospital, Homebush, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stanley L Marks
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0709, USA
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25
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Letko A, Minor KM, Friedenberg SG, Shelton GD, Salvador JP, Mandigers PJJ, Leegwater PAJ, Winkler PA, Petersen-Jones SM, Stanley BJ, Ekenstedt KJ, Johnson GS, Hansen L, Jagannathan V, Mickelson JR, Drögemüller C. A CNTNAP1 Missense Variant Is Associated with Canine Laryngeal Paralysis and Polyneuropathy. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1426. [PMID: 33261176 PMCID: PMC7761076 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal paralysis associated with a generalized polyneuropathy (LPPN) most commonly exists in geriatric dogs from a variety of large and giant breeds. The purpose of this study was to discover the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms in a younger-onset form of this neurodegenerative disease seen in two closely related giant dog breeds, the Leonberger and Saint Bernard. Neuropathology of an affected dog from each breed showed variable nerve fiber loss and scattered inappropriately thin myelinated fibers. Using across-breed genome-wide association, haplotype analysis, and whole-genome sequencing, we identified a missense variant in the CNTNAP1 gene (c.2810G>A; p.Gly937Glu) in which homozygotes in both studied breeds are affected. CNTNAP1 encodes a contactin-associated protein important for organization of myelinated axons. The herein described likely pathogenic CNTNAP1 variant occurs in unrelated breeds at variable frequencies. Individual homozygous mutant LPPN-affected Labrador retrievers that were on average four years younger than dogs affected by geriatric onset laryngeal paralysis polyneuropathy could be explained by this variant. Pathologic changes in a Labrador retriever nerve biopsy from a homozygous mutant dog were similar to those of the Leonberger and Saint Bernard. The impact of this variant on health in English bulldogs and Irish terriers, two breeds with higher CNTNAP1 variant allele frequencies, remains unclear. Pathogenic variants in CNTNAP1 have previously been reported in human patients with lethal congenital contracture syndrome and hypomyelinating neuropathy, including vocal cord palsy and severe respiratory distress. This is the first report of contactin-associated LPPN in dogs characterized by a deleterious variant that most likely predates modern breed establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (K.M.M.); (J.R.M.)
| | - Steven G. Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA;
| | - G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709, USA; (G.D.S.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Jill Pesayco Salvador
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709, USA; (G.D.S.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Paul J. J. Mandigers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.J.J.M.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Peter A. J. Leegwater
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (P.J.J.M.); (P.A.J.L.)
| | - Paige A. Winkler
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (P.A.W.); (S.M.P.-J.); (B.J.S.)
| | - Simon M. Petersen-Jones
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (P.A.W.); (S.M.P.-J.); (B.J.S.)
| | - Bryden J. Stanley
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (P.A.W.); (S.M.P.-J.); (B.J.S.)
| | - Kari J. Ekenstedt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Gary S. Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (G.S.J.); (L.H.)
| | - Liz Hansen
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (G.S.J.); (L.H.)
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.J.); (C.D.)
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA; (K.M.M.); (J.R.M.)
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.J.); (C.D.)
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Skedsmo FS, Espenes A, Tranulis MA, Matiasek K, Gunnes G, Bjerkås I, Moe L, Røed SS, Berendt M, Fredholm M, Rohdin C, Shelton GD, Bruheim P, Stafsnes MH, Bartosova Z, Hermansen LC, Stigen Ø, Jäderlund KH. Impaired NDRG1 functions in Schwann cells cause demyelinating neuropathy in a dog model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4D. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 31:56-68. [PMID: 33334662 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the N-myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) cause degenerative polyneuropathy in ways that are poorly understood. We have investigated Alaskan Malamute dogs with neuropathy caused by a missense mutation in NDRG1. In affected animals, nerve levels of NDRG1 protein were reduced by more than 70% (p< 0.03). Nerve fibers were thinly myelinated, loss of large myelinated fibers was pronounced and teased fiber preparations showed both demyelination and remyelination. Inclusions of filamentous material containing actin were present in adaxonal Schwann cell cytoplasm and Schmidt-Lanterman clefts. This condition strongly resembles the human Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 4D. However, the focally folded myelin with adaxonal infoldings segregating the axon found in this study are ultrastructural changes not described in the human disease. Furthermore, lipidomic analysis revealed a profound loss of peripheral nerve lipids. Our data suggest that the low levels of mutant NDRG1 is insufficient to support Schwann cells in maintaining myelin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik S Skedsmo
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Arild Espenes
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael A Tranulis
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Section of Clinical & Comparative Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Veterinärstr. 13, D-80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Gjermund Gunnes
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inge Bjerkås
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Moe
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Susan Skogtvedt Røed
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette Berendt
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Merete Fredholm
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 2, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Rohdin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ultunaalléen 5A, 756 51 Uppsala, Sweden; Anicura Albano Small Animal Hospital, Rinkebyvägen 21, 182 36 Danderyd, Sweden
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0709, United States of America
| | - Per Bruheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit H Stafsnes
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Zdenka Bartosova
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 6, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lene C Hermansen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - Øyvind Stigen
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karin H Jäderlund
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ullevålsveien 72, 0454 Oslo, Norway
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27
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Crawford KC, Dreger DL, Shelton GD, Ekenstedt KJ, Lewis MJ. Juvenile-onset motor polyneuropathy in Siberian cats. J Vet Intern Med 2020; 34:2595-2604. [PMID: 33174656 PMCID: PMC7694826 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyneuropathies are infrequently described in cats. There is a genetic predisposition in several breeds. OBJECTIVE To clinically characterize a novel motor polyneuropathy in a family of Siberian cats. ANIMALS Thirteen closely related Siberian cats, 4 clinically affected and 9 clinically unaffected individuals. METHODS Retrospective study. Clinical data and pedigree information were obtained from the medical records and breeder. Electrodiagnostic testing and muscle and peripheral nerve biopsy samples were obtained from 1 affected cat. Follow-up information was obtained for all affected cats. RESULTS Onset of signs was 4 to 10 months in affected cats. Clinical signs were progressive or waxing/waning neuromuscular weakness (4/4), normal sensory function (4/4), and variably decreased withdrawal reflexes (3/4). All cats returned to normal neurologic function within 1 to 4 weeks. All cats had a recurrence of weakness (3/4 had 1 recurrent episode, 1/4 had 3 relapses) from which they recovered fully. In 1 cat, electromyography and motor nerve conduction studies showed multicentric spontaneous activity, normal motor nerve conduction velocity, reduced compound muscle action potential amplitude, and polyphasia. Histologic evaluation of muscle and nerve in that cat showed mild muscle atrophy consistent with recent denervation, endoneurial and perineurial edema, and mild mononuclear cell infiltration within intramuscular nerve branches and a peripheral nerve. Pedigree analysis suggests an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, although neither a genetically complex/polygenic condition nor an acquired inflammatory polyneuropathy can be ruled-out. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE We describe a motor polyneuropathy in juvenile Siberian cats characterized by self-limiting weakness with potential relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C. Crawford
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Present address:
VCA Alameda EastDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Dayna L. Dreger
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
- Present address:
National Human Genome Research Institute, Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - G. Diane Shelton
- Department of PathologySchool of Medicine, University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kari J. Ekenstedt
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Melissa J. Lewis
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
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Vernau KM, Struys E, Letko A, Woolard KD, Aguilar M, Brown EA, Cissell DD, Dickinson PJ, Shelton GD, Broome MR, Gibson KM, Pearl PL, König F, Van Winkle TJ, O’Brien D, Roos B, Matiasek K, Jagannathan V, Drögemüller C, Mansour TA, Brown CT, Bannasch DL. A Missense Variant in ALDH5A1 Associated with Canine Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency (SSADHD) in the Saluki Dog. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091033. [PMID: 32887425 PMCID: PMC7565783 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dogs provide highly valuable models of human disease due to the similarity in phenotype presentation and the ease of genetic analysis. Seven Saluki puppies were investigated for neurological abnormalities including seizures and altered behavior. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a diffuse, marked reduction in cerebral cortical thickness, and symmetrical T2 hyperintensity in specific brain regions. Cerebral cortical atrophy with vacuolation (status spongiosus) was noted on necropsy. Genome-wide association study of 7 affected and 28 normal Salukis revealed a genome-wide significantly associated region on CFA 35. Whole-genome sequencing of three confirmed cases from three different litters revealed a homozygous missense variant within the aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1 (ALDH5A1) gene (XM_014110599.2: c.866G>A; XP_013966074.2: p.(Gly288Asp). ALDH5A1 encodes a succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) enzyme critical in the gamma-aminobutyric acid neurotransmitter (GABA) metabolic pathway. Metabolic screening of affected dogs showed markedly elevated gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain, and elevated succinate semialdehyde in urine, CSF and brain. SSADH activity in the brain of affected dogs was low. Affected Saluki dogs had striking similarities to SSADH deficiency in humans although hydroxybutyric aciduria was absent in affected dogs. ALDH5A1-related SSADH deficiency in Salukis provides a unique translational large animal model for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Vernau
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.D.C.); (P.J.D.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.V.); (D.L.B.)
| | - Eduard Struys
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (V.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Kevin D. Woolard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Miriam Aguilar
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.); (E.A.B.); (T.A.M.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Emily A. Brown
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.); (E.A.B.); (T.A.M.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Derek D. Cissell
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.D.C.); (P.J.D.)
| | - Peter J. Dickinson
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.D.C.); (P.J.D.)
| | - G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | | | - K. Michael Gibson
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA;
| | | | - Florian König
- Fachtierarzt fur Kleintiere, Am Berggewann 13, 65199 Wiesbaden, Germany;
| | - Thomas J. Van Winkle
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Dennis O’Brien
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - B. Roos
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Kaspar Matiasek
- Clinical and Comparative Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet München, 80539 Munchen, Germany;
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (V.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; (A.L.); (V.J.); (C.D.)
| | - Tamer A. Mansour
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.); (E.A.B.); (T.A.M.); (C.T.B.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - C. Titus Brown
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.); (E.A.B.); (T.A.M.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Danika L. Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.A.); (E.A.B.); (T.A.M.); (C.T.B.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.V.); (D.L.B.)
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29
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Farré Mariné A, Granger N, Bertolani C, Mascort Boixeda J, Shelton GD, Luján Feliu-Pascual A. Long-term outcome of Miniature Schnauzers with genetically confirmed demyelinating polyneuropathy: 12 cases. J Vet Intern Med 2020; 34:2005-2011. [PMID: 32738000 PMCID: PMC7517849 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A demyelinating polyneuropathy with focally folded myelin sheaths was reported in 3 Miniature Schnauzers in France in 2008 and was predicted to represent a naturally occurring canine homologue of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. A genetic variant of MTRM13/SBF2 has been identified as causative in affected Miniature Schnauzers with this polyneuropathy. OBJECTIVE To provide data on the long-term progression in affected Miniature Schnauzers from Spain confirmed with the MTRM13/SBF2 genetic variant. ANIMALS Twelve Miniature Schnauzers presented between March 2013 and June 2019. METHODS Only dogs presented with consistent clinical signs and homozygous for the MTRM13/SBF2 genetic variant were included. Clinical signs, age of onset and presentation, time from onset to presentation, treatment, outcome, and time from diagnosis to final follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS The hallmark clinical signs at the time of presentation were regurgitation with radiologically confirmed megaesophagus (11/12) and aphonic bark (11/12) with or without obvious neuromuscular weakness despite electrodiagnostic evidence of appendicular demyelinating polyneuropathy. Age of onset and clinical presentation were 3-18 and 4-96 months, respectively. Treatment was mostly symptomatic and consisted of head elevation during meals, antacids, prokinetics, bethanechol, sildenafil, mirtazapine, or some combination of these. During the follow-up period (7-73 months), clinical signs were unchanged in (11/12) cases with aspiration pneumonia developing occasionally (6/12) and being the cause of death in 1 dog. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Demyelinating polyneuropathy of Miniature Schnauzers tends to remain stable over the long term leading to a good prognosis with preventive feeding measures and symptomatic treatment to control aspiration pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Granger
- CVS Referrals, Bristol Veterinary Specialists at Highcroft, Bristol, UK.,The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, UK
| | | | | | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California and Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, San Diego, California, USA
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30
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Papageorgiou S, Gnirs K, Quinton JF, Shelton GD. Clinical and serologic remission of acquired myasthenia gravis in a domestic ferret ( Mustela putorius furo). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2020; 254:1192-1195. [PMID: 31039095 DOI: 10.2460/javma.254.10.1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 4.5-year-old neutered male domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) was examined because of clinical signs compatible with neuromuscular disease. CLINICAL FINDINGS Results of electrophysiologic assessment, including measurement of compound muscle action potentials following repetitive nerve stimulation, and measurement of the anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titer were consistent with a diagnosis of acquired myasthenia gravis. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Medical treatment with pyridostigmine and prednisolone was instituted. The first signs of clinical improvement were observed 2 months later, followed by a slow but steady improvement over the next months. Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titer was measured 10 months after initiation of treatment and was markedly decreased, compared with the initial titer. Pyridostigmine and prednisolone dosages were tapered over the following 4 months without any evidence of recurrence of clinical signs. Thirty months after initial examination, the ferret was clinically normal and not receiving any treatment. A follow-up anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titer was similar to previously published values for healthy ferrets. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings indicated that clinical and serologic remission can be achieved in ferrets with myasthenia gravis. However, owner willingness to provide extensive supportive care was vital to the outcome for this patient, as was the owner's decision to not euthanize the ferret despite an initial lack of response to treatment.
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31
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Jahns H, Vernau KM, Nolan CM, O'Neill EJ, Shiel RE, Shelton GD. Polyneuropathy in Young Siberian Huskies Caused by Degenerative and Inflammatory Diseases. Vet Pathol 2020; 57:666-674. [PMID: 32578500 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820934112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyneuropathy is defined as the simultaneous dysfunction of several peripheral nerves. In dogs, a number of breeds are predisposed to a variety of immune-mediated and/or degenerative inherited forms of polyneuropathy, with laryngeal paralysis and/or megaesophagus as important clinical features of many of these conditions. This case series describes degenerative and inflammatory polyneuropathies in 7 young Siberian huskies that were categorized based on clinicopathological characteristics as follows: (1) slowly progressive laryngeal paralysis and megaesophagus caused by primary axonal degeneration with large fiber loss (n = 2); (2) slowly progressive polyneuropathy without megaesophagus or laryngeal paralysis caused by primary axonal degeneration with large fiber loss (n = 2); (3) acute inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy causing sensory, motor and autonomic nerve deficits (n = 2); and (4) ganglioradiculitis (sensory neuronopathy; n = 1). Based on the predominantly young age at onset, slow progression, relatedness of affected dogs, and clinical and pathological similarities with inherited neuropathies reported in other dog breeds, a hereditary basis for the degenerative polyneuropathies in Siberian huskies is suspected. However, 5 different mutations in 3 genes known to cause polyneuropathy in other dog breeds (NDRG1, ARHGEF10, or RAB3GAP1) were not detected in the affected Siberian huskies suggesting that more genetic variants remain to be identified. This study highlights the varied underlying lesions of polyneuropathies in young Siberian huskies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Jahns
- 8797University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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32
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Bolduc V, Minor KM, Hu Y, Kaur R, Friedenberg SG, Van Buren S, Guo LT, Glennon JC, Marioni-Henry K, Mickelson JR, Bönnemann CG, Shelton GD. Pathogenic variants in COL6A3 cause Ullrich-like congenital muscular dystrophy in young Labrador Retriever dogs. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:360-367. [PMID: 32439203 PMCID: PMC7292757 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The collagen VI-related muscular dystrophies in people include a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy to the mild Bethlem myopathy. Clinical features are attributable to both muscle and connective tissue and include progressive muscle weakness and respiratory failure, hyperlaxity of distal joints, and progressive contracture of large joints. Here we describe two different COL6A3 pathogenic variants in Labrador Retriever dogs that result in autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant congenital myopathies with hyperlaxity of distal joints and joint contracture, similar to the condition in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Bolduc
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3705, USA
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3705, USA
| | - Rupleen Kaur
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3705, USA
| | - Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Samantha Van Buren
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709, USA
| | | | - Katia Marioni-Henry
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Carsten G Bönnemann
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3705, USA.
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0709, USA.
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33
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Castel A, Olby NJ, Breitschwerdt EB, Thomas B, Maggi RG, Shelton GD. Co-infection with Bartonella henselae and Sarcocystis sp. in a 6-year-old male neutered domestic longhair cat with progressive multifocal neurological signs. Vet Q 2020; 39:168-173. [PMID: 31822209 PMCID: PMC6913637 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2019.1697012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Castel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Natasha J Olby
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Edward B Breitschwerdt
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,The Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Thomas
- The Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ricardo G Maggi
- The Intracellular Pathogens Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- The Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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34
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Tsai KL, Vernau KM, Winger K, Zwueste DM, Sturges BK, Knipe M, Williams DC, Anderson KJ, Evans JM, Guo LT, Clark LA, Shelton GD. Congenital myasthenic syndrome in Golden Retrievers is associated with a novel COLQ mutation. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 34:258-265. [PMID: 31769119 PMCID: PMC6979411 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a group of inherited disorders of neuromuscular transmission that may be presynaptic, synaptic, or postsynaptic. Causative mutations have been identified in 4 breeds including the Labrador Retriever, Jack Russell Terrier, Heideterrier, and Danish Pointing Dog. Hypothesis/Objective Clinical and genetic characterization of a neuromuscular disorder in Golden Retriever (GR) puppies. Animals Four GR puppies from California were evaluated for generalized muscle weakness beginning at weaning. Biological specimens were collected from the affected puppies, and familial information was obtained. Blood or buccal swabs were obtained from 63 unaffected GRs. Methods Complete physical, neurological, electrodiagnostic, and histological evaluations and biochemical quantification of muscle acetylcholine receptors were performed. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the 17 exons of COLQ, and sequences were obtained by Sanger sequencing. Variant frequency was assessed in unrelated GRs and a public database. Results Clinical, neurological, and electrodiagnostic evaluations confirmed a disorder of neuromuscular transmission in a GR family. Sequencing of all exons and splice sites of a primary candidate gene, COLQ, identified a point mutation that predicts an amino acid substitution (G294R). The primary COLQ transcript was absent from affected muscle samples. All affected puppies were homozygous for the mutation, which was not detected outside this GR family or in other breeds. Conclusions and Clinical Importance We confirmed the diagnosis of a CMS in GR puppies and identified a novel COLQ mutation. The COLQ gene encodes the collagenous tail of acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for termination of skeletal muscle contraction by clearing acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Clinicians and breeders should be aware of this CMS in GR puppies with an early onset of weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Tsai
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
| | - Karen M Vernau
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Kathryn Winger
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California Davis, Davis
| | - Danielle M Zwueste
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California Davis, Davis
| | - Beverly K Sturges
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Marguerite Knipe
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - D Colette Williams
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California Davis, Davis
| | - Kendall J Anderson
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
| | - Jacquelyn M Evans
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina.,Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Leigh Anne Clark
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Bouillon J, Taylor SM, Vargo C, Lange M, Zwicker LA, Sukut SL, Guo LT, Shelton GD. Beta-sarcoglycan-deficient muscular dystrophy presenting as chronic bronchopneumonia in a young cat. JFMS Open Rep 2019; 5:2055116919856457. [PMID: 31308955 PMCID: PMC6607561 DOI: 10.1177/2055116919856457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 5-month-old cat was evaluated for a 3 week history of cough, nasal
discharge, decreased appetite and weight loss. Musculoskeletal examination
was normal and serum creatine kinase (CK) activity was within the reference
interval. The cat was treated during the next 10 months for chronic,
persistent pneumonia. Weakness then became apparent, the cat developed
dysphagia and was euthanized. Post-mortem evaluation revealed chronic
aspiration pneumonia and muscular dystrophy associated with beta
(β)-sarcoglycan deficiency. Relevance and novel information This is the first report of a cat with muscular dystrophy presenting for
chronic pneumonia without obvious megaesophagus, dysphagia or prominent
neuromuscular signs until late in the course of the disease. The absence of
gait abnormalities, marked muscle atrophy or hypertrophy and normal serum CK
activity delayed the diagnosis in this cat with β-sarcoglycan
deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Bouillon
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Suzanne M Taylor
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Cheryl Vargo
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Michelle Lange
- Martensville Veterinary Hospital, Martensville, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Lesley A Zwicker
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Sally L Sukut
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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36
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Murphy SC, Recio A, de la Fuente C, Guo LT, Shelton GD, Clark LA. A glycine transporter SLC6A5 frameshift mutation causes startle disease in Spanish greyhounds. Hum Genet 2019; 138:509-513. [PMID: 30847549 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-01986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Startle disease, or hyperekplexia, is a glycinergic disorder characterized by hypertonia and apnea that is triggered by noise and/or touch. Mutations in five genes have been associated with startle disease in humans, dogs, cattle, and mice. We identified a novel recessive startle disease in a family of Spanish greyhounds. Whole genome resequencing of an affected dog revealed a homozygous two base pair deletion in the ninth exon of SLC6A5, encoding the presynaptic glycine transporter. The deletion is predicted to cause a frameshift, p.S460FfsX47, leading to a premature stop codon that truncates over a third of the protein. Family members were genotyped for the deletion, and findings were consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. The pathogenic variant was absent from 34 unrelated greyhounds, 659 domestic dogs of pure and mixed breeds, and 54 wild canids, suggesting it occurred recently and may be private to the family. The findings of this study can be used to inform future breeding decisions and prevent dissemination of the deleterious allele in greyhounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Murphy
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Alfredo Recio
- Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Clinica Veterinaria Levante, San Javier, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristian de la Fuente
- Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Leigh Anne Clark
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
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37
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Shelton GD, Minor KM, Li K, Naviaux JC, Monk J, Wang L, Guzik E, Guo LT, Porcelli V, Gorgoglione R, Lasorsa FM, Leegwater PJ, Persico AM, Mickelson JR, Palmieri L, Naviaux RK. A Mutation in the Mitochondrial Aspartate/Glutamate Carrier Leads to a More Oxidizing Intramitochondrial Environment and an Inflammatory Myopathy in Dutch Shepherd Dogs. J Neuromuscul Dis 2019; 6:485-501. [PMID: 31594244 PMCID: PMC6918910 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-190421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory myopathies are characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells into muscle. Typically, immune-mediated disorders such as polymyositis, dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis are diagnosed. OBJECTIVE A small family of dogs with early onset muscle weakness and inflammatory muscle biopsies were investigated for an underlying genetic cause. METHODS Following the histopathological diagnosis of inflammatory myopathy, mutational analysis including whole genome sequencing, functional transport studies of the mutated and wild-type proteins, and metabolomic analysis were performed. RESULTS Whole genome resequencing identified a pathological variant in the SLC25A12 gene, resulting in a leucine to proline substitution at amino acid 349 in the mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate transporter known as the neuron and muscle specific aspartate glutamate carrier 1 (AGC1). Functionally reconstituting recombinant wild-type and mutant AGC1 into liposomes demonstrated a dramatic decrease in AGC1 transport activity and inability to transfer reducing equivalents from the cytosol into mitochondria. Targeted, broad-spectrum metabolomic analysis from affected and control muscles demonstrated a proinflammatory milieu and strong support for oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first description of a metabolic mechanism in which ablated mitochondrial glutamate transport markedly reduced the import of reducing equivalents into mitochondria and produced a highly oxidizing and proinflammatory muscle environment and an inflammatory myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katie M. Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Kefeng Li
- The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jane C. Naviaux
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jon Monk
- The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lin Wang
- The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Guzik
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vito Porcelli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Gorgoglione
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco M. Lasorsa
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | - Peter J. Leegwater
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio M. Persico
- Interdepartmental Program “Autism 0–90”, “G. Martino” Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - James R. Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bari, Italy
| | - Robert K. Naviaux
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- The Mitochondrial and Metabolic Disease Center, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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38
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Amengual-Batle P, Rusbridge C, José-López R, Golini L, Shelton GD, Mellersh CS, Gutierrez-Quintana R. Two mixed breed dogs with sensory neuropathy are homozygous for an inversion disrupting FAM134B previously identified in Border Collies. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:2082-2087. [PMID: 30307654 PMCID: PMC6272042 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Two unrelated 8‐month‐old male mixed breed dogs were presented for evaluation of progressive ataxia, knuckling, and lack of pain perception in the distal limbs. Because of the similarity in age of onset, progression, and clinical findings with previously described sensory neuropathy in Border Collies, the affected dogs were screened for an FAM134B mutation and were determined to be homozygous for the mutation. Despite few phenotypic similarities with other breeds, genetic testing for specific diseases should be considered in mixed breed dogs with compatible clinical signs, especially if ancestry is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Amengual-Batle
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Rusbridge
- Fitzpatrick Referrals, Eashing, Surrey, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Vet School Main Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto José-López
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Golini
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
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39
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McAtee BB, Heseltine JC, Guo LT, Willard MD, Shelton GD. Dysphagia and esophageal dysfunction due to dystrophin deficient muscular dystrophy in a male Spanish water spaniel. Vet Q 2018; 38:28-32. [PMID: 29384432 PMCID: PMC6831012 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2018.1435939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte B McAtee
- a Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences , Texas A&M University , College Station , TX , USA
| | - Johanna C Heseltine
- a Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences , Texas A&M University , College Station , TX , USA
| | - Ling T Guo
- b Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - Michael D Willard
- a Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences , Texas A&M University , College Station , TX , USA
| | - G Diane Shelton
- b Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
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40
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Gandolfi B, Alhaddad H, Abdi M, Bach LH, Creighton EK, Davis BW, Decker JE, Dodman NH, Ginns EI, Grahn JC, Grahn RA, Haase B, Haggstrom J, Hamilton MJ, Helps CR, Kurushima JD, Lohi H, Longeri M, Malik R, Meurs KM, Montague MJ, Mullikin JC, Murphy WJ, Nilson SM, Pedersen NC, Peterson CB, Rusbridge C, Saif R, Shelton GD, Warren WC, Wasim M, Lyons LA. Author Correction: Applications and efficiencies of the first cat 63K DNA array. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8746. [PMID: 29867197 PMCID: PMC5986783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26885-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gandolfi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hasan Alhaddad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Mona Abdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Leslie H Bach
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erica K Creighton
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Brian W Davis
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jared E Decker
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nicholas H Dodman
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Edward I Ginns
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Grahn
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Grahn
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bianca Haase
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jens Haggstrom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael J Hamilton
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer D Kurushima
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Foothill College, Los Altos Hills, CA, USA
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, and The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Longeri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Malik
- Centre for Veterinary Education, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn M Meurs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Montague
- Department of Neuroscience, Parelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sara M Nilson
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Niels C Pedersen
- Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carlyn B Peterson
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Clare Rusbridge
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Rashid Saif
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gulab Devi Educational Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wesley C Warren
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Muhammad Wasim
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Leslie A Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA.
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41
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Blazejewski SW, Shelton GD. Trismus, masticatory myositis and antibodies against type 2M fibers in a mixed breed cat. JFMS Open Rep 2018; 4:2055116918764993. [PMID: 29780606 PMCID: PMC5954326 DOI: 10.1177/2055116918764993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 1-year-old male neutered mixed breed cat presented with a 2 month history of inability to fully open the mouth when yawning and decreased ability to prehend food. Physical examination revealed severe bilaterally symmetrical masticatory muscle atrophy, a restricted vertical mandibular range of motion of 11–12 mm, and a normal body condition score. Skull radiography was normal. A canine ELISA system against unique masticatory muscle fibers (2M antibody titer), was positive at 1:1000 (reference interval <1:100 in dogs, and was <1:100 using serum from five archived normal cats), indicating the presence of cross-reacting antibodies. Owing to the chronicity and clinical severity, corticosteroid treatment did not result in improved jaw mobility, consistent with end-stage masticatory myositis. Masticatory muscle biopsy was declined at initial presentation. However, 1 year later at elective euthanasia, CT ruled out temporomandibular joint osseous restrictions, and masticatory and biceps femoral muscle histopathology evaluation confirmed end stage feline masticatory myositis with normal limb muscle. Relevance and novel information Masticatory myositis should be included in the differential diagnosis of trismus in cats. A canine ELISA can be used to indicate the presence of feline 2M cross-reacting antibodies. More cases are needed to fully elucidate the clinical presentation and best course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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42
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Gandolfi B, Alhaddad H, Abdi M, Bach LH, Creighton EK, Davis BW, Decker JE, Dodman NH, Ginns EI, Grahn JC, Grahn RA, Haase B, Haggstrom J, Hamilton MJ, Helps CR, Kurushima JD, Lohi H, Longeri M, Malik R, Meurs KM, Montague MJ, Mullikin JC, Murphy WJ, Nilson SM, Pedersen NC, Peterson CB, Rusbridge C, Saif R, Shelton GD, Warren WC, Wasim M, Lyons LA. Applications and efficiencies of the first cat 63K DNA array. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7024. [PMID: 29728693 PMCID: PMC5935720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of high throughput SNP genotyping technologies has improved the genetic dissection of simple and complex traits in many species including cats. The properties of feline 62,897 SNPs Illumina Infinium iSelect DNA array are described using a dataset of over 2,000 feline samples, the most extensive to date, representing 41 cat breeds, a random bred population, and four wild felid species. Accuracy and efficiency of the array’s genotypes and its utility in performing population-based analyses were evaluated. Average marker distance across the array was 37,741 Kb, and across the dataset, only 1% (625) of the markers exhibited poor genotyping and only 0.35% (221) showed Mendelian errors. Marker polymorphism varied across cat breeds and the average minor allele frequency (MAF) of all markers across domestic cats was 0.21. Population structure analysis confirmed a Western to Eastern structural continuum of cat breeds. Genome-wide linkage disequilibrium ranged from 50–1,500 Kb for domestic cats and 750 Kb for European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris). Array use in trait association mapping was investigated under different modes of inheritance, selection and population sizes. The efficient array design and cat genotype dataset continues to advance the understanding of cat breeds and will support monogenic health studies across feline breeds and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gandolfi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Hasan Alhaddad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Mona Abdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Leslie H Bach
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Erica K Creighton
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Brian W Davis
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jared E Decker
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nicholas H Dodman
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Edward I Ginns
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer C Grahn
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Grahn
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bianca Haase
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jens Haggstrom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael J Hamilton
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer D Kurushima
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Foothill College, Los Altos Hills, CA, USA
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, and The Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Longeri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Malik
- Centre for Veterinary Education, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathryn M Meurs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Montague
- Department of Neuroscience, Parelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James C Mullikin
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sara M Nilson
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Niels C Pedersen
- Center for Companion Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carlyn B Peterson
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Clare Rusbridge
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Rashid Saif
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gulab Devi Educational Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wesley C Warren
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Muhammad Wasim
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Leslie A Lyons
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA.
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43
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Minor KM, Letko A, Becker D, Drögemüller M, Mandigers PJJ, Bellekom SR, Leegwater PAJ, Stassen QEM, Putschbach K, Fischer A, Flegel T, Matiasek K, Ekenstedt KJ, Furrow E, Patterson EE, Platt SR, Kelly PA, Cassidy JP, Shelton GD, Lucot K, Bannasch DL, Martineau H, Muir CF, Priestnall SL, Henke D, Oevermann A, Jagannathan V, Mickelson JR, Drögemüller C. Canine NAPEPLD-associated models of human myelin disorders. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5818. [PMID: 29643404 PMCID: PMC5895582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23938-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine leukoencephalomyelopathy (LEMP) is a juvenile-onset neurodegenerative disorder of the CNS white matter currently described in Rottweiler and Leonberger dogs. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) allowed us to map LEMP in a Leonberger cohort to dog chromosome 18. Subsequent whole genome re-sequencing of a Leonberger case enabled the identification of a single private homozygous non-synonymous missense variant located in the highly conserved metallo-beta-lactamase domain of the N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPEPLD) gene, encoding an enzyme of the endocannabinoid system. We then sequenced this gene in LEMP-affected Rottweilers and identified a different frameshift variant, which is predicted to replace the C-terminal metallo-beta-lactamase domain of the wild type protein. Haplotype analysis of SNP array genotypes revealed that the frameshift variant was present in diverse haplotypes in Rottweilers, and also in Great Danes, indicating an old origin of this second NAPEPLD variant. The identification of different NAPEPLD variants in dog breeds affected by leukoencephalopathies with heterogeneous pathological features, implicates the NAPEPLD enzyme as important in myelin homeostasis, and suggests a novel candidate gene for myelination disorders in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - A Letko
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - D Becker
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - M Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - P J J Mandigers
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508, CM, The Netherlands
| | - S R Bellekom
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508, CM, The Netherlands
| | - P A J Leegwater
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508, CM, The Netherlands
| | - Q E M Stassen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508, CM, The Netherlands
| | - K Putschbach
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - A Fischer
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - T Flegel
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - K Matiasek
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 80539, Germany
| | - K J Ekenstedt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - E Furrow
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - E E Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - S R Platt
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - P A Kelly
- Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - J P Cassidy
- Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - G D Shelton
- Department of Pathology, University of California, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - K Lucot
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - D L Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - H Martineau
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - C F Muir
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - S L Priestnall
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - D Henke
- Division of Clinical Neurology, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - A Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - V Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - J R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - C Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.
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44
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Bradbury AM, Rafi MA, Bagel JH, Brisson BK, Marshall MS, Pesayco Salvador J, Jiang X, Swain GP, Prociuk ML, ODonnell PA, Fitzgerald C, Ory DS, Bongarzone ER, Shelton GD, Wenger DA, Vite CH. AAVrh10 Gene Therapy Ameliorates Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disease in Canine Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (Krabbe Disease). Hum Gene Ther 2018; 29:785-801. [PMID: 29316812 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD), or Krabbe disease, is an inherited, neurologic disorder that results from deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme, galactosylceramidase. Most commonly, deficits of galactosylceramidase result in widespread central and peripheral nervous system demyelination and death in affected infants typically by 2 years of age. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation is the current standard of care in children diagnosed prior to symptom onset. However, disease correction is incomplete. Herein, the first adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy experiments are presented in a naturally occurring canine model of GLD that closely recapitulates the clinical disease progression, neuropathological alterations, and biochemical abnormalities observed in human patients. Adapted from studies in twitcher mice, GLD dogs were treated by combination intravenous and intracerebroventricular injections of AAVrh10 to target both the peripheral and central nervous systems. Combination of intravenous and intracerebroventricular AAV gene therapy had a clear dose response and resulted in delayed onset of clinical signs, extended life-span, correction of biochemical defects, and attenuation of neuropathology. For the first time, therapeutic effect has been established in the canine model of GLD by targeting both peripheral and central nervous system impairments with potential clinical implications for GLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Bradbury
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohammed A Rafi
- 2 Department of Neurology, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica H Bagel
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Becky K Brisson
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael S Marshall
- 3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jill Pesayco Salvador
- 4 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Xuntain Jiang
- 5 Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gary P Swain
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria L Prociuk
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Patricia A ODonnell
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Caitlin Fitzgerald
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel S Ory
- 5 Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ernesto R Bongarzone
- 3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois , Chicago, Illinois.,6 Departamento de Química Biologica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - G Diane Shelton
- 4 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - David A Wenger
- 2 Department of Neurology, Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles H Vite
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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45
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Rossman PM, Thomovsky SA, Schafbuch RM, Guo LT, Shelton GD. Myositis, Ganglioneuritis, and Myocarditis with Distinct Perifascicular Muscle Atrophy in a 2-Year-Old Male Boxer. Front Vet Sci 2018. [PMID: 29516006 PMCID: PMC5826211 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-year-old male, intact Boxer was referred for chronic diarrhea, hyporexia, labored breathing, weakness and elevated creatine kinase, and alanine aminotransferase activities. Initial examination and diagnostics revealed a peripheral nervous system neurolocalization, atrial premature complexes, and generalized megaesophagus. Progressive worsening of the dog's condition was noted after 36 h; the dog developed aspiration pneumonia, was febrile and oxygen dependent. The owners elected humane euthanasia. Immediately postmortem biopsies of the left cranial tibial and triceps muscles and the left peroneal nerve were obtained. Postmortem histology revealed concurrent myositis, myocarditis, endocarditis, and ganglioneuritis. Mixed mononuclear cell infiltrations and a distinct perifascicular pattern of muscle fiber atrophy was present in both muscles. This is a novel case of diffuse inflammatory myopathy with a distinct perifascicular pattern of atrophy in addition to endocarditis, myocarditis, and epicarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Rossman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie A Thomovsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ryan M Schafbuch
- Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ling T Guo
- Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - G D Shelton
- Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Kowal JB, Thomovsky SA, Shelton GD, Bentley RT. What Is Your Neurologic Diagnosis? J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018; 252:405-408. [PMID: 29393743 DOI: 10.2460/javma.252.4.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jeandel A, Garosi LS, Davies L, Guo LT, Salgüero R, Shelton GD. Late-onset Becker-type muscular dystrophy in a Border terrier dog. J Small Anim Pract 2018; 60:514-517. [PMID: 29377139 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 9-year-old Border terrier was presented to a referral hospital after a 1-year history of progressive stiffness and exercise intolerance. Neurological examination was consistent with a neuromuscular disorder. Serum creatine kinase activity was mildly elevated. A myopathy was suspected based on MRI findings and electrophysiological examination. Muscle histopathology was consistent with a severe non-inflammatory myopathy of a dystrophic type. Immunofluorescence and western blotting confirmed a dystrophinopathy with an 80-kDa truncated dystrophin fragment similar to Becker muscular dystrophy in people. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a late-onset Becker-type muscular dystrophy in a dog, and the first description of a dystrophinopathy in a Border terrier. Muscular dystrophy in dogs should not be ruled out based on late onset clinical signs and only mildly elevated creatine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jeandel
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Hitchin, Hertfordshire SG5 3HR, UK
| | - L S Garosi
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Hitchin, Hertfordshire SG5 3HR, UK
| | - L Davies
- Smart Veterinary Clinic, Swansea, Wales SA7 9LH, UK
| | - L T Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - R Salgüero
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Hitchin, Hertfordshire SG5 3HR, UK
| | - G D Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Abstract
A 6-month-old, male, intact mixed breed dog was presented for a 3-month history of progressive generalized weakness. Neurologic examination revealed non-ambulatory tetraparesis, weakness of the head and neck, and decreased withdrawal reflexes in all limbs consistent with a generalized neuromuscular disorder. Electromyography and motor nerve conduction velocity were normal. Repetitive nerve stimulation showed a decremental response of the compound muscle action potential with improvement upon intravenous administration of edrophonium chloride. The serum acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody titer was within reference range. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was unremarkable. A presumptive diagnosis of post-synaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) was made. Treatment with pyridostigmine bromide was initiated with titrated increases in dosage resulting in an incomplete improvement in clinical signs. The dog was euthanized 2 months after initiation of treatment due to poor quality of life. Immunostaining for localization of antibodies against end-plate proteins in muscle biopsies was negative. Immunofluorescence staining for AChRs in external intercostal muscle biopsies showed absence of AChRs and biochemical quantitation showed a markedly decreased concentration of AChRs with no detectable AChR-bound autoantibody which confirmed the diagnosis of a CMS. Evaluation for the CHRNE mutation previously identified as the causative mutation of CMS in Jack Russell Terriers was performed and was negative. This is the first reported confirmed case of CMS in a mixed breed dog and provides a review of typical clinical and diagnostic findings as well as treatment considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa J Blakey
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Jennifer R Michaels
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Ling T Guo
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, LaJolla, CA, United States
| | - Amy J Hodshon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, LaJolla, CA, United States
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Becker D, Minor KM, Letko A, Ekenstedt KJ, Jagannathan V, Leeb T, Shelton GD, Mickelson JR, Drögemüller C. A GJA9 frameshift variant is associated with polyneuropathy in Leonberger dogs. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:662. [PMID: 28841859 PMCID: PMC5574090 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many inherited polyneuropathies (PN) observed in dogs have clinical similarities to the genetically heterogeneous group of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) peripheral neuropathies in humans. The canine disorders collectively show a variable expression of progressive clinical signs and ages of onset, and different breed prevalences. Previously in the Leonberger breed, a variant highly associated with a juvenile-onset PN was identified in the canine orthologue of a CMT-associated gene. As this deletion in ARHGEF10 (termed LPN1) does not explain all cases, PN in this breed may encompass variants in several genes with similar clinical and histopathological features. Results A genome-wide comparison of 173 k SNP genotypes of 176 cases, excluding dogs homozygous for the ARHGEF10 variant, and 138 controls, was carried out to detect further PN-associated variants. A single suggestive significant association signal on CFA15 was found. The genome of a PN-affected Leonberger homozygous for the associated haplotype was sequenced and variants in the 7.7 Mb sized critical interval were identified. These variants were filtered against a database of variants observed in 202 genomes of various dog breeds and 3 wolves, and 6 private variants in protein-coding genes, all in complete linkage disequilibrium, plus 92 non-coding variants were revealed. Five of the coding variants were predicted to have low or moderate effect on the encoded protein, whereas a 2 bp deletion in GJA9 results in a frameshift of high impact. GJA9 encodes connexin 59, a connexin gap junction family protein, and belongs to a group of CMT-associated genes that have emerged as important components of peripheral myelinated nerve fibers. The association between the GJA9 variant and PN was confirmed in an independent cohort of 296 cases and 312 controls. Population studies showed a dominant mode of inheritance, an average age of onset of approximately 6 years, and incomplete penetrance. Conclusions This GJA9 variant represents a highly probable candidate variant for another form of PN in Leonberger dogs, which we have designated LPN2, and a new candidate gene for CMT disease. To date, approximately every third PN-diagnosed Leonberger dog can be explained by the ARHGEF10 or GJA9 variants, and we assume that additional genetic heterogeneity in this condition exists in the breed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4081-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Becker
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katie M Minor
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Anna Letko
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kari J Ekenstedt
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - James R Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3001, Bern, Switzerland.
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Cox ML, Evans JM, Davis AG, Guo LT, Levy JR, Starr-Moss AN, Salmela E, Hytönen MK, Lohi H, Campbell KP, Clark LA, Shelton GD. Exome sequencing reveals independent SGCD deletions causing limb girdle muscular dystrophy in Boston terriers. Skelet Muscle 2017; 7:15. [PMID: 28697784 PMCID: PMC5506588 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-017-0131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited autosomal myopathies that preferentially affect voluntary muscles of the shoulders and hips. LGMD has been clinically described in several breeds of dogs, but the responsible mutations are unknown. The clinical presentation in dogs is characterized by marked muscle weakness and atrophy in the shoulder and hips during puppyhood. METHODS Following clinical evaluation, the identification of the dystrophic histological phenotype on muscle histology, and demonstration of the absence of sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex by immunostaining, whole exome sequencing was performed on five Boston terriers: one affected dog and its three family members and one unrelated affected dog. RESULTS Within sarcoglycan-δ (SGCD), a two base pair deletion segregating with LGMD in the family was discovered, and a deletion encompassing exons 7 and 8 was found in the unrelated dog. Both mutations are predicted to cause an absence of SGCD protein, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The mutations are private to each family. CONCLUSIONS Here, we describe the first cases of canine LGMD characterized at the molecular level with the classification of LGMD2F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. Cox
- CAG GmbH - Center for Animal Genetics, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 23, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Jacquelyn M. Evans
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 130 McGinty Ct., Clemson, SC 29634 USA
| | - Alexander G. Davis
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 130 McGinty Ct., Clemson, SC 29634 USA
| | - Ling T. Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Jennifer R. Levy
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101 USA
- Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Alison N. Starr-Moss
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 130 McGinty Ct., Clemson, SC 29634 USA
| | - Elina Salmela
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjo K. Hytönen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannes Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kevin P. Campbell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Neurology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101 USA
- Department of Neurology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 4283 Carver Biomedical Research Building, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 USA
| | - Leigh Anne Clark
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, 130 McGinty Ct., Clemson, SC 29634 USA
| | - G. Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
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