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Tang NC, Su JC, Shmidov Y, Kelly G, Deshpande S, Sirohi P, Peterson N, Chilkoti A. Synthetic intrinsically disordered protein fusion tags that enhance protein solubility. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3727. [PMID: 38697982 PMCID: PMC11066018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the de novo design of small (<20 kDa) and highly soluble synthetic intrinsically disordered proteins (SynIDPs) that confer solubility to a fusion partner with minimal effect on the activity of the fused protein. To identify highly soluble SynIDPs, we create a pooled gene-library utilizing a one-pot gene synthesis technology to create a large library of repetitive genes that encode SynIDPs. We identify three small (<20 kDa) and highly soluble SynIDPs from this gene library that lack secondary structure and have high solvation. Recombinant fusion of these SynIDPs to three known inclusion body forming proteins rescue their soluble expression and do not impede the activity of the fusion partner, thereby eliminating the need for removal of the SynIDP tag. These findings highlight the utility of SynIDPs as solubility tags, as they promote the soluble expression of proteins in E. coli and are small, unstructured proteins that minimally interfere with the biological activity of the fused protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Jonathan C Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Yulia Shmidov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Sonal Deshpande
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Parul Sirohi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Nikhil Peterson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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2
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Allworth MB, Goonan B, Nelson JE, Kelly G, McGrath SR, Woodgate RG. Comparison of the efficacy of macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics, either singly or in combination with other anthelmintic(s), in nine beef herds in southern NSW. Aust Vet J 2023. [PMID: 37158491 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthelmintic resistance (AR) is a well-recognized challenge in farmed ruminants. The use of anthelmintics in combination is one of the strategies recommended to slow the rate of AR development. Two studies were undertaken in 2017 and 2019 to assess the efficacy of single-dose macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintic and ML combination drenches. In total, 11 Faecal Egg Count Reduction Trials (FECRTs) were set up in 10 different beef herds, with results available from 10 of those FECRTs (9 herds). AR to a single ML anthelmintic was detected in all 9 herds, with resistance to Cooperia and Haemonchus spp on 9 farms, and resistance to Ostertagia and Trichostrongylus spp on 2 farms. In contrast, for the ML combination anthelmintics, all FECRTs resulted in efficacies of 99%-100%. The results suggest that cattle producers should strongly consider using combination drenches in their herds in preference to single actives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Allworth
- Fred Morley Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
- Gulbali institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - B Goonan
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - J E Nelson
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - G Kelly
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Australia Pty. Ltd., Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S R McGrath
- Fred Morley Centre, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
- Gulbali institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
| | - R G Woodgate
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
- Gulbali institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, 2678, Australia
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3
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Martin SB, Polubothu S, Bruzos A, Lopez-Balboa P, Bulstrode N, Kelly G, Kinsler V. 260 Mosaic BRAF fusions are a recurrent cause of multiple congenital melanocytic naevi. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Schaal JL, Bhattacharyya J, Brownstein J, Strickland KC, Kelly G, Saha S, Milligan J, Banskota S, Li X, Liu W, Kirsch DG, Zalutsky MR, Chilkoti A. Brachytherapy via a depot of biopolymer-bound 131I synergizes with nanoparticle paclitaxel in therapy-resistant pancreatic tumours. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:1148-1166. [PMID: 36261625 PMCID: PMC10389695 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Locally advanced pancreatic tumours are highly resistant to conventional radiochemotherapy. Here we show that such resistance can be surmounted by an injectable depot of thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) conjugated with iodine-131 radionuclides (131I-ELP) when combined with systemically delivered nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel. This combination therapy induced complete tumour regressions in diverse subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of locoregional pancreatic tumours. 131I-ELP brachytherapy was effective independently of the paclitaxel formulation and dose, but external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) only achieved tumour-growth inhibition when co-administered with nanoparticle paclitaxel. Histological analyses revealed that 131I-ELP brachytherapy led to changes in the expression of intercellular collagen and junctional proteins within the tumour microenvironment. These changes, which differed from those of EBRT-treated tumours, correlated with the improved delivery and accumulation of paclitaxel nanoparticles within the tumour. Our findings support the further translational development of 131I-ELP depots for the synergistic treatment of localized pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Schaal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeremy Brownstein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kyle C Strickland
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Soumen Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joshua Milligan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samagya Banskota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xinghai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wenge Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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Mauger M, Kelly G, Annandale CH, Robertson ID, Waichigo FK, Aleri JW. Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in dairy calves within a pasture-based production system of south West Western Australia. Aust Vet J 2022; 100:283-291. [PMID: 35383394 PMCID: PMC9542819 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes among post‐weaned calves aged between 4 and 12 months old within a pasture‐based system of south west Australia and quantify the level of anthelmintic resistance. Pre‐treatment FECs were monitored on 14 dairy farms. Anthelmintic resistance was assessed on 11 of the farms. Control FECs were compared with anthelmintic FECs at 14 days post‐treatment with doramectin (injectable), levamisole (oral), fenbendazole (oral) and a levamisole/abamectin combination (pour‐on). Results demonstrate a strong level of anthelmintic resistance, with at least one class of anthelmintic failing to achieve a 95% reduction in FEC in one or more gastrointestinal nematode species. Doramectin was fully effective against Ostertagia, but C. oncophora displayed resistance in 91% of the farms. Conversely, levamisole was fully effective against C. oncophora, but Ostertagia displayed resistance in 80% of the farms. Fenbendazole resistance was present in both C. onocphora and Ostertagia in 64% and 70% of the farms, respectively. Trichostrongylus showed low resistance, occurring in doramectin (14%) and levamisole/abamectin combination (14%). This study confirms that anthelmintic resistance is common. Regular FEC reduction testing is recommended to monitor and guide decision‐making for appropriate anthelmintic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mauger
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - G Kelly
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Australia Pty. Ltd., North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C H Annandale
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - I D Robertson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - F K Waichigo
- Brunswick Veterinary Services, Brunswick Junction, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J W Aleri
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Animal Production and Health, Future Foods Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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6
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Ozer I, Kelly G, Gu R, Li X, Zakharov N, Sirohi P, Nair SK, Collier JH, Hershfield MS, Hucknall AM, Chilkoti A. Polyethylene Glycol-Like Brush Polymer Conjugate of a Protein Drug Does Not Induce an Antipolymer Immune Response and Has Enhanced Pharmacokinetics than Its Polyethylene Glycol Counterpart. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2103672. [PMID: 35133079 PMCID: PMC9008788 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics, except for antibodies, have a short plasma half-life and poor stability in circulation. Covalent coupling of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to protein drugs addresses this limitation. However, unlike previously thought, PEG is immunogenic. In addition to induced PEG antibodies, ≈70% of the US population has pre-existing anti-PEG antibodies. Both induced and preexisting anti-PEG antibodies result in accelerated drug clearance, reduced clinical efficacy, and severe hypersensitivity reactions that have limited the clinical utility of uricase, an enzyme drug for treatment for refractory gout that is decorated with a PEG corona. Here, the authors synthesize a poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) conjugate of uricase that decorates the protein with multiple polymer chains to create a corona to solve these problems. The resulting uricase-POEGMA is well-defined, has high bioactivity, and outperforms its PEG counterparts in its pharmacokinetics (PK). Furthermore, the conjugate does not induce anti-POEGMA antibodies and is not recognized by anti-PEG antibodies. These findings suggest that POEGMA conjugation may provide a solution to the immunogenicity and antigenicity limitations of PEG while improving upon its PK benefits. These results transcend uricase and can be applied to other PEGylated therapeutics and the broader class of biologics with suboptimal PK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ozer
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Renpeng Gu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Xinghai Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Nikita Zakharov
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Parul Sirohi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Smita K. Nair
- Department of SurgeryDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Joel H. Collier
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNC27708USA
| | - Michael S. Hershfield
- Department of MedicineDivision of RheumatologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC27710USA
- Department of BiochemistryDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
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7
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Kelly G, Milligan JJ, Mastria EM, Kim S, Zelenetz SR, Dobbins J, Cai LY, Li X, Nair SK, Chilkoti A. Intratumoral delivery of brachytherapy and immunotherapy by a thermally triggered polypeptide depot. J Control Release 2022; 343:267-276. [PMID: 35077742 PMCID: PMC8960370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial-based approaches for a combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy can improve outcomes in metastatic cancer through local delivery of both therapeutic modalities to the primary tumor to control local tumor growth and distant metastases. This study describes an injectable depot for sustained intratumoral (i.t.) delivery of an iodine-131 (131I) radionuclide and a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide immunostimulant, driven by the thermally sensitive phase transition behavior of elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs). We synthesized and characterized an ELP with an oligolysine tail (ELP-K12) that forms an electrostatic complex with CpG for delivery from an ELP depot and evaluated the ability of the complex to enhance local and systemic tumor control as a monotherapy and in combination with 131I-ELP brachytherapy. I.t delivery of CpG from an ELP-K12 depot dramatically prolongs i.t. retention to more than 21 days as compared to soluble CpG that is only retained within the tumor for <24 h. ELP-K12 also enhances CpG delivery by increasing cellular uptake of CpG to generate greater toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) activation than CpG alone. I.t. treatment with an ELP-K12/CpG depot slows primary tumor growth and reduces lung metastases in a poorly immunogenic 4 T1 syngeneic breast cancer model whereas i.t treatment of CpG alone has no significant effect on primary tumor growth or metastases. Notably, a combination of 131I-ELP brachytherapy and ELP-K12/CpG delivered i.t. inhibited 4 T1 tumor growth and strongly decreased the development of lung metastases, leading to a synergistic improvement in mouse survival. These preclinical results demonstrate that injectable ELP depots may provide a useful approach for the delivery of combination radio- and immuno-therapy to treat metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joshua J. Milligan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Eric M. Mastria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Sarah Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Stephanie R. Zelenetz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jarrett Dobbins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Leon Y. Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Xinghai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Smita K. Nair
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd., DUMC Box 370, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Dr., Campus Box 90281, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Fontes CM, Lipes BD, Liu J, Agans KN, Yan A, Shi P, Cruz DF, Kelly G, Luginbuhl KM, Joh DY, Foster SL, Heggestad J, Hucknall A, Mikkelsen MH, Pieper CF, Horstmeyer RW, Geisbert TW, Gunn MD, Chilkoti A. Ultrasensitive point-of-care immunoassay for secreted glycoprotein detects Ebola infection earlier than PCR. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/588/eabd9696. [PMID: 33827978 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd9696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) hemorrhagic fever outbreaks have been challenging to deter due to the lack of health care infrastructure in disease-endemic countries and a corresponding inability to diagnose and contain the disease at an early stage. EBOV vaccines and therapies have improved disease outcomes, but the advent of an affordable, easily accessed, mass-produced rapid diagnostic test (RDT) that matches the performance of more resource-intensive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays would be invaluable in containing future outbreaks. Here, we developed and demonstrated the performance of a new ultrasensitive point-of-care immunoassay, the EBOV D4 assay, which targets the secreted glycoprotein of EBOV. The EBOV D4 assay is 1000-fold more sensitive than the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved RDTs and detected EBOV infection earlier than PCR in a standard nonhuman primate model. The EBOV D4 assay is suitable for low-resource settings and may facilitate earlier detection, containment, and treatment during outbreaks of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassio M Fontes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Barbara D Lipes
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Krystle N Agans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Aiwei Yan
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Patricia Shi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Daniela F Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kelli M Luginbuhl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Daniel Y Joh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Stephanie L Foster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Jacob Heggestad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Angus Hucknall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Maiken H Mikkelsen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Carl F Pieper
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Roarke W Horstmeyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Thomas W Geisbert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Michael D Gunn
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Bosworth K, Mustafa Y, Aukland M, Bhat A, Kelly G. P.77 Skin-to-skin care during caesarean section in two obstetric units. Int J Obstet Anesth 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2021.103075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Heggestad JT, Kinnamon DS, Olson LB, Liu J, Kelly G, Wall SA, Oshabaheebwa S, Quinn Z, Fontes CM, Joh DY, Hucknall AM, Pieper C, Anderson JG, Naqvi IA, Chen L, Que LG, Oguin T, Nair SK, Sullenger BA, Woods CW, Burke TW, Sempowski GD, Kraft BD, Chilkoti A. Multiplexed, quantitative serological profiling of COVID-19 from blood by a point-of-care test. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg4901. [PMID: 34172447 PMCID: PMC8232907 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive, specific, and point-of-care (POC) serological assays are an essential tool to manage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we report on a microfluidic POC test that can profile the antibody response against multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens-spike S1 (S1), nucleocapsid (N), and the receptor binding domain (RBD)-simultaneously from 60 μl of blood, plasma, or serum. We assessed the levels of antibodies in plasma samples from 31 individuals (with longitudinal sampling) with severe COVID-19, 41 healthy individuals, and 18 individuals with seasonal coronavirus infections. This POC assay achieved high sensitivity and specificity, tracked seroconversion, and showed good concordance with a live virus microneutralization assay. We can also detect a prognostic biomarker of severity, IP-10 (interferon-γ-induced protein 10), on the same chip. Because our test requires minimal user intervention and is read by a handheld detector, it can be globally deployed to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Heggestad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David S Kinnamon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Lyra B Olson
- Duke Medical Scientist Training Program, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Simone A Wall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Solomon Oshabaheebwa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zachary Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Cassio M Fontes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Daniel Y Joh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Angus M Hucknall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Carl Pieper
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jack G Anderson
- Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ibtehaj A Naqvi
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Lingye Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Loretta G Que
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas Oguin
- Department of Medicine and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Smita K Nair
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Bruce A Sullenger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christopher W Woods
- Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Thomas W Burke
- Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Department of Medicine and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Bryan D Kraft
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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11
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Collart C, Ciccarelli A, Ivanovitch K, Rosewell I, Kumar S, Kelly G, Edwards A, Smith JC. The migratory pathways of the cells that form the endocardium, dorsal aortae, and head vasculature in the mouse embryo. BMC Dev Biol 2021; 21:8. [PMID: 33752600 PMCID: PMC7986287 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-021-00239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Vasculogenesis in amniotes is often viewed as two spatially and temporally distinct processes, occurring in the yolk sac and in the embryo. However, the spatial origins of the cells that form the primary intra-embryonic vasculature remain uncertain. In particular, do they obtain their haemato-endothelial cell fate in situ, or do they migrate from elsewhere? Recently developed imaging techniques, together with new Tal1 and existing Flk1 reporter mouse lines, have allowed us to investigate this question directly, by visualising cell trajectories live and in three dimensions. Results We describe the pathways that cells follow to form the primary embryonic circulatory system in the mouse embryo. In particular, we show that Tal1-positive cells migrate from within the yolk sac, at its distal border, to contribute to the endocardium, dorsal aortae and head vasculature. Other Tal1 positive cells, similarly activated within the yolk sac, contribute to the yolk sac vasculature. Using single-cell transcriptomics and our imaging, we identify VEGF and Apela as potential chemo-attractants that may regulate the migration into the embryo. The dorsal aortae and head vasculature are known sites of secondary haematopoiesis; given the common origins that we observe, we investigate whether this is also the case for the endocardium. We discover cells budding from the wall of the endocardium with high Tal1 expression and diminished Flk1 expression, indicative of an endothelial to haematopoietic transition. Conclusions In contrast to the view that the yolk sac and embryonic circulatory systems form by two separate processes, our results indicate that Tal1-positive cells from the yolk sac contribute to both vascular systems. It may be that initial Tal1 activation in these cells is through a common mechanism. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12861-021-00239-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Collart
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - A Ciccarelli
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - K Ivanovitch
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - I Rosewell
- Genetic Modification Service, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - S Kumar
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.,Photonics Group, 606 Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - G Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Facility, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - A Edwards
- Advanced Sequencing Facility, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - J C Smith
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
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12
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Magri C, Schramme M, Nottrott K, Schweizer‐Gorgas D, Segard E, Kelly G, Schumacher J. Coronoidectomy as a treatment for mandibular immobility caused by fracture of the coronoid process in three horses. EQUINE VET EDUC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Magri
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - M. Schramme
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - K. Nottrott
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - D. Schweizer‐Gorgas
- Section of Diagnostic Imaging Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne Berne Switzerland
| | - E. Segard
- Clinéquine VetAgro Sup Marcy l’Etoile France
| | - G. Kelly
- Fethard Equine Hospital Fethard Tipperary Ireland
| | - J. Schumacher
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
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13
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Heggestad JT, Kinnamon DS, Olson LB, Liu J, Kelly G, Wall SA, Fontes CM, Joh DY, Hucknall AM, Pieper C, Naqvi IA, Chen L, Que LG, Oguin T, Nair SK, Sullenger BA, Woods CW, Sempowski GD, Kraft BD, Chilkoti A. Multiplexed, quantitative serological profiling of COVID-19 from a drop of blood by a point-of-care test. medRxiv 2020:2020.11.05.20226654. [PMID: 33173900 PMCID: PMC7654894 DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.05.20226654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Highly sensitive, specific, and point-of-care (POC) serological assays are an essential tool to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we report on a microfluidic, multiplexed POC test that can profile the antibody response against multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigens - Spike S1 (S1), Nucleocapsid (N), and the receptor binding domain (RBD) - simultaneously from a 60 microliter drop of blood, plasma, or serum. We assessed the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in plasma samples from 19 individuals (at multiple time points) with COVID-19 that required admission to the intensive care unit and from 10 healthy individuals. This POC assay shows good concordance with a live virus microneutralization assay, achieved high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (100%), and successfully tracked the longitudinal evolution of the antibody response in infected individuals. We also demonstrated that we can detect a chemokine, IP-10, on the same chip, which may provide prognostic insight into patient outcomes. Because our test requires minimal user intervention and is read by a handheld detector, it can be globally deployed in the fight against COVID-19 by democratizing access to laboratory quality tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Heggestad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - David S Kinnamon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Lyra B Olson
- Duke Medical Scientist Training Program, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Jason Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Simone A Wall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Cassio M Fontes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Daniel Y Joh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
- Division of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham NC 27710 USA
| | - Angus M Hucknall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Carl Pieper
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Ibtehaj A Naqvi
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Lingye Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Loretta G Que
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Thomas Oguin
- Department of Medicine and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Smita K Nair
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Bruce A Sullenger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Christopher W Woods
- Department of Medicine and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Department of Medicine and Duke Human Vaccine Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Bryan D Kraft
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
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14
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East P, Kelly G, Biswas D, Hancock D, Swanton C, de Carne S, Downward J. Stratification method based on RAS pathway oncogenic activity predicts outcome in lung adenocarcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Kelly G, Hamilton C, Pool J. Investigating the use of rhythmic auditory stimulation for children with acquired brain injury. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Garrod R, Kelly G, Randall S, Palanivel D. Best practice for serial casting to increase ankle range of movement following botulinum toxin in children with acquired brain Injury. Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Roberts S, Miao V, Costa S, Simon J, Kelly G, Shah T, Zauscher S, Chilkoti A. Complex microparticle architectures from stimuli-responsive intrinsically disordered proteins. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1342. [PMID: 32165622 PMCID: PMC7067844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The controllable production of microparticles with complex geometries is useful for a variety of applications in materials science and bioengineering. The formation of intricate microarchitectures typically requires sophisticated fabrication techniques such as flow lithography or multiple-emulsion microfluidics. By harnessing the molecular interactions of a set of artificial intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), we have created complex microparticle geometries, including porous particles, core-shell and hollow shell structures, and a unique ‘fruits-on-a-vine’ arrangement, by exploiting the metastable region of the phase diagram of thermally responsive IDPs within microdroplets. Through multi-site unnatural amino acid (UAA) incorporation, these protein microparticles can also be photo-crosslinked and stably extracted to an all-aqueous environment. This work expands the functional utility of artificial IDPs as well as the available microarchitectures of this class of biocompatible IDPs, with potential applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. The production of microparticles with complex geometries for biotechnological use historically requires sophisticated fabrication techniques. Here, the authors create complex particle geometries by exploiting the metastable region of the phase diagram of thermally responsive intrinsically disordered proteins within microdroplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Roberts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Vincent Miao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Simone Costa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Joseph Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Garrett Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Tejank Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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18
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Derham AM, O'Leary JM, Connolly SE, Schumacher J, Kelly G. Performance comparison of 159 Thoroughbred racehorses and matched cohorts before and after desmotomy of the interspinous ligament. Vet J 2019; 249:16-23. [PMID: 31239160 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Racehorses may perform poorly because of impinging dorsal spinous processes (DSPs) of the thoracolumbar vertebrae. No study has looked objectively at the long-term outcome of racehorses undergoing desmotomy of the interspinous ligament as a treatment for horses with poor performance caused by impinging DSPs. The aim of this study was to examine objectively, by using pre-operative and post-operative racing records, the effectiveness of desmotomy of the interspinous ligament (DISL) in improving the performance of racehorses with impinging DSPs. Medical records of all horses undergoing desmotomy of one or more interspinous ligaments at a referral equine hospital, between February 2015 and September 2016, were reviewed. The study was confined to Thoroughbred racehorses with sufficient historical information and racetrack data to allow their racing performances be compared to that of matched controls. Matched controls were of the same age, sex, and racing type and were trained at the same time by the same trainer as those undergoing desmotomy. The time to follow-up was at least 12 months. Of the 6545 horses presented for poor performance or lameness during the study period, 236 horses (3.6%) underwent desmotomy of one or more interspinous ligaments, and of these, 159 met the inclusion criteria. Horses undergoing desmotomy had significantly better improvement in racing performance than did matched controls. Eight horses developed unilateral neurogenic atrophy of epaxial musculature. DISL between impinging DSPs can improve the performance of racehorses experiencing from poor performance caused by pain resulting from the impinging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Derham
- University College Dublin, University Veterinary Hospital, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - J M O'Leary
- University College Dublin, University Veterinary Hospital, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - S E Connolly
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
| | - J Schumacher
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - G Kelly
- Fethard Equine Hospital, Tipperary, Ireland
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19
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Macdonald J, Kelly G, McCaffrey D. A CALCANEUS FRACTURE WITH INTERPOSED FLEXOR HALLUCIS LONGUS TENDON; A SURGICAL TIP TO AID TENDON REDUCTION. Ulster Med J 2018; 87:201-202. [PMID: 31061547 PMCID: PMC6500420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Macdonald
- Correspondence to: J Macdonald, Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Northern Ireland, E-mail:
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20
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Din W, Liu C, Kelly G. Proposal of a new clinical method for removal of button batteries and other ferrous material from the external auditory ear canal and nasal cavity using a fine magnet probe. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Kelly G, Messina M, Minns I. NOX66 plus low dose carboplatin: A phase 1 safety and signalling study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy047.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Borchert G, Casciello F, Kelly G, Baxter E, Gannon F, Lee J. Re-sensitising endocrine resistant ER+ breast cancer by targeting epigenetic modifying enzymes. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy047.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Love N, Riely G, Ladanyi M, Paley D, Miller K, Kelly G, Moss J, Ziel K. PS02.17 A Biomarker-Driven Algorithm for Sequencing of Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (mNSCLC): A Survey of 25 Investigators. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Kelly G, Minns I, Messina M. NOX66 plus carboplatin - a phase 1 signalling study. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx729.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Minns I, Kelly G. Chemosensitization of carboplatin by NOX66: Pharmacokinetics and safety. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx367.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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Taylor AW, Kelly G, Dal Grande E, Kelly D, Marin T, Hey N, Burke KJ, Licinio J. Population levels of wellbeing and the association with social capital. BMC Psychol 2017; 5:23. [PMID: 28673334 PMCID: PMC5496434 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-017-0193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This research investigates wellbeing at the population level across demographic, social and health indicators and assesses the association between wellbeing and social capital. Method Data from a South Australian monthly chronic disease/risk factor surveillance system of randomly selected adults (mean age 48.7 years; range 16–99) from 2014/5 (n = 5551) were used. Univariable analyses compared wellbeing/social capital indicators, socio-demographic, risk factors and chronic conditions. Multi-nominal logistic regression modelling, adjusting for multiple covariates was used to simultaneously estimate odds ratios for good wellbeing (reference category) versus neither good nor poor, and good wellbeing versus poor wellbeing. Results 48.6% were male, mean age 48.7 (sd 18.3), 54.3% scored well on all four of the wellbeing indicators, and positive social capital indicators ranged from 93.1% for safety to 50.8% for control over decisions. The higher level of social capital corresponded with the good wellbeing category. Modeling showed higher odds ratios for all social capital variables for the lowest level of wellbeing. These higher odds ratios remained after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions The relationship between wellbeing, resilience and social capital highlights areas for increased policy focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Taylor
- Population Research & Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - G Kelly
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - E Dal Grande
- Population Research & Outcome Studies, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - D Kelly
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - T Marin
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
| | - N Hey
- What Works Centre for Wellbeing, London, UK
| | - K J Burke
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia.,CQUniversity, Appleton Institute, School of Human, Health & Social Sciences, Wayville, South Australia, Australia
| | - J Licinio
- Wellbeing and Resilience Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
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27
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Hughes R, Knudsen E, Kirthi S, Kelly G, Tobin A, Sweeney C, Jemec G, Kirby B. Framingham risk assessment in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1404-1406. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Hughes
- Department of Dermatology and the Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - E. Knudsen
- Department of Dermatology; Zealand University Hospital Roskilde; Health Sciences Faculty; University of Copenhagen; Roskilde Denmark
| | - S. Kirthi
- Department of Dermatology; Adelaide, Meath and National Children's Hospital; Tallaght, Dublin 24 Ireland
| | - G. Kelly
- Department of Dermatology and the Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - A.M. Tobin
- Department of Dermatology; Adelaide, Meath and National Children's Hospital; Tallaght, Dublin 24 Ireland
| | - C.M. Sweeney
- Department of Dermatology and the Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - G.B.E. Jemec
- Department of Dermatology; Zealand University Hospital Roskilde; Health Sciences Faculty; University of Copenhagen; Roskilde Denmark
| | - B. Kirby
- Department of Dermatology and the Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
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Abstract
Within the last few years, more and more occupational therapists practising in Great Britain have been using standardised assessments in their work. Mostly they rely on popular tests which have gained respectability and acceptance in psychology and related professions. However, it is of utmost importance that occupational therapists are fully aware of how the tests they are using are thought of by a wide variety of people. The purpose of this article was to search the literature and discover what had been said about the Marianne Frostig Developmental Test of Visual Perception. The Frostig Programme for Individual Training and Remediation in Visual Perception is also examined briefly. It is hoped that this review will be of use in helping occupational therapists who are either using the test or thinking about using it to decide whether it is appropriate for their purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kelly
- Senior Occupational Therapist, Cherryville Clinic, Belfast
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29
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Kelly G, Shinners A, Finn G, McMahon V, Gordon H, Grant A. A comparison of physical activity levels in commonly encountered paediatric disability populations. Physiotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic relapsing disease of follicular occlusion that causes immense clinical and psychosocial morbidity when refractory to treatment. HS is no longer considered a disease of primary infectious etiology, although bacteria play a role. There is increasing evidence that HS is associated with immune dysregulation, based on its clinical association with other immune-mediated disorders, by its response to biologic therapy in the clinical arena, and from molecular research. This article summarizes what is known in relation to the inflammatory pathways in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kelly
- Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Errol P Prens
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, s-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands
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31
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Witte S, Dedman C, Harriss F, Kelly G, Chang YM, Witte TH. Comparison of treatment outcomes for superficial digital flexor tendonitis in National Hunt racehorses. Vet J 2016; 216:157-63. [PMID: 27687944 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendonitis is a common injury in Thoroughbred racehorses. Injuries require prolonged rehabilitation, with unpredictable outcomes and a high incidence of re-injury. This observational case-control study aimed to compare race outcomes after commonly advocated treatments for tendon healing. Clinical and racing records were evaluated for 127 National Hunt racehorses treated between 2007 and 2011 for an SDF tendon injury. Two age- and sex-matched control horses were selected for each case horse to analyse the effect on post-injury racing outcomes of pre-injury data, lesion severity and treatment group [controlled exercise alone, bar firing, intralesional platelet-rich plasma (PRP), tendon splitting, tendon splitting combined with bar firing]. Control horses raced more often than case horses, with higher maximum racing post rating (RPRmax) and longer racing distances. Pre-injury racing performance was not associated with treatment group. Rate of return to racing was not associated with lesion severity or treatment group. Number of races, total distance raced post-injury and RPRmax were not associated with lesion severity or treatment group. Controlled exercise alone offered similar post-injury racing outcomes in National Hunt racehorses with SDF tendonitis to the other treatment options examined. Bar firing, either alone or in conjunction with tendon splitting, provided no additional benefit in rate of return to racing and race performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Dedman
- Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - F Harriss
- Fethard Equine Hospital, Fethard, Kilnockin, Tipperary, Ireland
| | - G Kelly
- Fethard Equine Hospital, Fethard, Kilnockin, Tipperary, Ireland
| | - Y-M Chang
- Research Support Office, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - T H Witte
- Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
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Godin-Heymann N, Brabetz S, Murillo MM, Saponaro M, Santos CR, Lobley A, East P, Chakravarty P, Matthews N, Kelly G, Jordan S, Castellano E, Downward J. Tumour-suppression function of KLF12 through regulation of anoikis. Oncogene 2016; 35:3324-34. [PMID: 26455320 PMCID: PMC4929484 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Suppression of detachment-induced cell death, known as anoikis, is an essential step for cancer metastasis to occur. We report here that expression of KLF12, a member of the Kruppel-like family of transcription factors, is downregulated in lung cancer cell lines that have been selected to grow in the absence of cell adhesion. Knockdown of KLF12 in parental cells results in decreased apoptosis following cell detachment from matrix. KLF12 regulates anoikis by promoting the cell cycle transition through S phase and therefore cell proliferation. Reduced expression levels of KLF12 results in increased ability of lung cancer cells to form tumours in vivo and is associated with poorer survival in lung cancer patients. We therefore identify KLF12 as a novel metastasis-suppressor gene whose loss of function is associated with anoikis resistance through control of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Godin-Heymann
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - S Brabetz
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - M M Murillo
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - M Saponaro
- Mechanisms of Gene Transcription Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - C R Santos
- Translational Cancer Therapeutics, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - A Lobley
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - P East
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - P Chakravarty
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - N Matthews
- Advanced Sequencing Facility, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - G Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Laboratories, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - S Jordan
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - E Castellano
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
| | - J Downward
- Signal Transduction, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Abstract
To the editor The election debrief published in the July issue of Nursing Management ( Aziz 2001 )stated that a report into public private partnerships carried out by the Institute for Public Policy Research was 'likely to recommend that the government pushed ahead with privatisation'. The clear implication of this article was that IPPR's conclusions were inevitable, given the financial support that the project received from private sector companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kelly
- Institute For Public Policy Research
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Kelly G, Hughes R, McGarry T, van den Born M, Adamzik K, Fitzgerald R, Lawlor C, Tobin AM, Sweeney CM, Kirby B. Dysregulated cytokine expression in lesional and nonlesional skin in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:1431-9. [PMID: 26282467 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a dearth of information on the precise pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), but immune dysregulation is implicated. OBJECTIVES To determine the nature of the immune response in HS. METHODS Skin biopsies - lesional, perilesional (2 cm away) and uninvolved (10 cm away) - were obtained from patients with HS and healthy controls. The expression of various cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-17, IL-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α was enhanced in lesional skin of patients with HS. In addition, IL17A and IL1B mRNA were enhanced in clinically normal perilesional skin. CD4(+) T cells produced IL-17 in HS, while CD11c(+) CD1a(-) CD14(+) cells were sources of IL-1β. Activated caspase-1 was detected in HS skin and was associated with enhanced expression of NLRP3 and IL18. Inhibition of caspase-1 decreased IL-1β and IL-18 production, suggesting that the caspase-1 pathway participates in IL-1β and IL-18 expression in HS. Abnormal cytokine expression was detected in perilesional and uninvolved skin, which may suggest that subclinical inflammation is present in HS skin prior to the formation of an active lesion. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that CD4(+) T cells produce IL-17 in HS and that the IL-17 pathway may be important in HS pathogenesis. CD11c(+) CD1a(-) CD14(+) cells are a source of IL-1β in HS, the production of which was shown to be mediated, in part, via a caspase-1-dependent pathway. These results suggest that IL-17 and the caspase-1-associated cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 may play a role in the pathogenesis of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kelly
- Dermatology Research, Education and Research Centre, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R Hughes
- Dermatology Research, Education and Research Centre, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - T McGarry
- Department of Rheumatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.,The Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - M van den Born
- Dermatology Research, Education and Research Centre, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - K Adamzik
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R Fitzgerald
- Department of Dermatology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Lawlor
- Department of Plastic Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A M Tobin
- Department of Dermatology, Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C M Sweeney
- Dermatology Research, Education and Research Centre, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - B Kirby
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Saunte D, Boer J, Stratigos A, Szepietowski J, Hamzavi I, Kim K, Zarchi K, Antoniou C, Matusiak L, Lim H, Williams M, Kwon H, Gürer M, Mammadova F, Kaminsky A, Prens E, van der Zee H, Bettoli V, Zauli S, Hafner J, Lauchli S, French L, Riad H, El-Domyati M, Abdel-Wahab H, Kirby B, Kelly G, Calderon P, del Marmol V, Benhadou F, Revuz J, Zouboulis C, Karagiannidis I, Sartorius K, Hagströmer L, McMeniman E, Ong N, Dolenc-Voljc M, Mokos Z, Borradori L, Hunger R, Sladden C, Scheinfeld N, Moftah N, Emtestam L, Lapins J, Doss N, Kurokawa I, Jemec G. Diagnostic delay in hidradenitis suppurativa is a global problem. Br J Dermatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Assadi R, Rosati L, Moningi S, Hacker-Prietz A, Laheru D, Zheng L, De Jesus-Acosta A, Le D, Kelly G, Moore J, Jackson J, Fishman E, Raman S, McNutt T, Pawlik T, Hirose K, Eckhauser F, Weiss M, Herman J. A Prospective Study Evaluating Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Unresectable Recurrent or Residual Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Field EJ, Kelly G, Pleuvry D, Demetriou J, Baines SJ. Indications, outcome and complications with axial pattern skin flaps in dogs and cats: 73 cases. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:698-706. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Field
- Langford Veterinary Services; University of Bristol; Langford BS405DU
| | | | - D. Pleuvry
- Boundary Veterinary Clinic; Abingdon OX14 2AA
| | - J. Demetriou
- Dick White Referrals Station Farm; Six Mile Bottom CB8 0UH
| | - S. J. Baines
- Willlows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service; Shirley Solihull B90 4NH
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Dunphy SE, Sweeney CM, Kelly G, Tobin AM, Kirby B, Gardiner CM. Natural killer cells from psoriasis vulgaris patients have reduced levels of cytotoxicity associated degranulation and cytokine production. Clin Immunol 2015; 177:43-49. [PMID: 26477484 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with a strong genetic component and immune system involvement. Although some evidence suggests that Natural Killer (NK) cells may play a part in psoriasis, their role is relatively unstudied and results are controversial. In this current study, NK cells from psoriasis patients exhibited reduced degranulation and produced lower levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α. Further investigation found that NK cells from psoriasis patients and healthy controls expressed similar levels of activation markers, NK cell receptors and apoptosis-inducing molecules. In addition, comparable levels of several cytokines important in NK cell biology were found in the serum of psoriasis patients and healthy controls. Genotyping analysis revealed that HLA-C2, which provides a ligand for killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) expressed by NK cells, was strongly associated with psoriasis susceptibility. However, no link between the KIR genes themselves and disease was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Dunphy
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - C M Sweeney
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - G Kelly
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A M Tobin
- Department of Dermatology, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - B Kirby
- Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C M Gardiner
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Chen RJ, Kelly G, Sengupta A, Heydendael W, Nicholas B, Beltrami S, Luz S, Peixoto L, Abel T, Bhatnagar S. MicroRNAs as biomarkers of resilience or vulnerability to stress. Neuroscience 2015. [PMID: 26208845 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel biomarkers of resilience or vulnerability to stress could provide valuable information for the prevention and treatment of stress-related psychiatric disorders. To investigate the utility of blood microRNAs as biomarkers of resilience or vulnerability to stress, microRNAs were assessed before and after 7days of chronic social defeat in rats. Additionally, microRNA profiles of two important stress-regulatory brain regions, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA), were assessed. Rats that displayed vulnerability to subsequent chronic stress exhibited reductions in circulating miR-24-2-5p, miR-27a-3p, miR-30e-5p, miR-3590-3p, miR-362-3p, and miR-532-5p levels. In contrast, rats that became resilient to stress displayed reduced levels of miR-139-5p, miR-28-3p, miR-326-3p, and miR-99b-5p compared to controls. In the mPFC, miR-126a-3p and miR-708-5p levels were higher in vulnerability compared to resilient rats. In the BLA, 77 microRNAs were significantly altered by stress but none were significantly different between resilient and vulnerable animals. These results provide proof-of-principle that assessment of circulating microRNAs is useful in identifying individuals who are vulnerable to the effects of future stress or individuals who have become resilient to the effects of stress. Furthermore, these data suggest that microRNAs in the mPFC but not in the BLA are regulators of resilience/vulnerability to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - G Kelly
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - A Sengupta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - W Heydendael
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - B Nicholas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - S Beltrami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - S Luz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
| | - L Peixoto
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - T Abel
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - S Bhatnagar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, United States.
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Jamal-Hanjani M, A'Hern R, Birkbak NJ, Gorman P, Grönroos E, Ngang S, Nicola P, Rahman L, Thanopoulou E, Kelly G, Ellis P, Barrett-Lee P, Johnston SRD, Bliss J, Roylance R, Swanton C. Extreme chromosomal instability forecasts improved outcome in ER-negative breast cancer: a prospective validation cohort study from the TACT trial. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1340-6. [PMID: 26003169 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal instability (CIN) has been shown to be associated with drug resistance and poor clinical outcome in several cancer types. However, in oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer we have previously demonstrated that extreme CIN is associated with improved clinical outcome, consistent with a negative impact of CIN on tumour fitness and growth. The aim of this current study was to validate this finding using previously defined CIN thresholds in a much larger prospective cohort from a randomised, controlled, clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS As a surrogate measurement of CIN, dual centromeric fluorescence in situ hybridisation was performed for both chromosomes 2 and 15 on 1173 tumours from the breast cancer TACT trial (CRUK01/001). Each tumour was scored manually and the mean percentage of cells deviating from the modal centromere number was used to define four CIN groups (MCD1-4), where tumours in the MCD4 group were defined as having extreme CIN. RESULTS In a multivariate analysis of disease-free survival, with a median follow-up of 91 months, increasing CIN was associated with improved outcome in patients with ER-negative cancer (P trend = 0.03). A similar pattern was seen in ER-negative/HER2-negative cancers (Ptrend = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS This prospective validation cohort study further substantiated the association between extreme CIN and improved outcome in ER-negative breast cancers. Identifying such patients with extreme CIN may help distinguish good from poor prognostic groups, and therefore support treatment and risk stratification in this aggressive breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - R A'Hern
- ICR-CTSU, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - N J Birkbak
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - P Gorman
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - E Grönroos
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - S Ngang
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - P Nicola
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - L Rahman
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - E Thanopoulou
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - G Kelly
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - P Ellis
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London
| | | | | | - J Bliss
- ICR-CTSU, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - R Roylance
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - C Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
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41
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O’Neill K, Lyons A, Larkin L, Kelly G. Muscle thickness and pennation angle of the medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior in spastic diplegia versus typically developing children. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Marley WD, Kelly G, Thompson NW. Alcohol-Related Fracture Admissions: A Retrospective Observational Study. Ulster Med J 2015; 84:94-7. [PMID: 26170483 PMCID: PMC4488914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In April 2011 the NI public health agency estimated that alcohol misuse generates overall annual healthcare costs of £122.2m. There is currently a paucity of data regarding the burden of alcohol-related fractures on the provinces Trauma and Orthopaedic service. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review of 104 patients over a 12 month period was performed. Data collected using the Fractures Outcomes and Research Database included: age, gender, smoking status, weekly alcohol intake, mechanism of injury and subsequent treatment. RESULTS Alcohol related fractures accounted for 6.1% of all acute fractures admissions in the 12 month period. 73% were male, with a bimodal age distribution. The majority of patients were classed as social drinkers; however a significant proportion (23.1%) were alcohol dependent. 62.5% of patients were smokers at the time of admission. 95% of patients suffered a single injury which was commonly secondary to a simple mechanical fall (53.8%). The majority of patients sustained lower limb injuries, with 30.8% of these being ankle fractures. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study has identified that alcohol-related trauma creates a significant financial burden on the NHS. It is likely that the incidence of alcohol related fracture is higher than documented in this study. We advocate the assessment of patients using the AUDIT-C score to assess for at risk drinking behaviour in those presenting with an alcohol related fracture.
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43
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Kelly G, Sweeney C, Fitzgerald R, O'Keane M, Kilbane M, Lally A, Tobin A, McKenna M, Kirby B. Vitamin D status in hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2014; 170:1379-80. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Kelly
- Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St. Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - C.M. Sweeney
- Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St. Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - R. Fitzgerald
- Dermatology Department; Adelaide and Meath Hospital Incorporating the National Children's Hospital; Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland
| | - M.P. O'Keane
- Metabolism Laboratory; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - M. Kilbane
- Metabolism Laboratory; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - A. Lally
- Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St. Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - A.M. Tobin
- Dermatology Department; Adelaide and Meath Hospital Incorporating the National Children's Hospital; Tallaght Dublin 24 Ireland
| | - M.J. McKenna
- Metabolism Laboratory; St Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - B. Kirby
- Dermatology Research Group; Education and Research Centre; St. Vincent's University Hospital; Elm Park Dublin 4 Ireland
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McKenna S, Kelly G, Kennedy N. FRI0585-HPR A Survey of Irish Physiotherapists' Current Practice in Promoting Physical Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Flanagan S, Kennedy N, Kelly G. AB1187-HPR Rheumatologist and Rheumatology Health Care Professionals' Current Practice and Beliefs around Physical Activity Promotion in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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O'Reilly EA, Aucharaz N, Kelly G, Al Azawi D, Prichard RS, Evoy D, Rothwell J, Geraghty J, O'Doherty A, Skehan S, Quinn C, McDermott E. Abstract P1-01-01: The value of isosulphan blue dye in addition to isotope scanning in the identification of the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer patients with a positive lymphoscintigraphy: A randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN 98849733). Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs13-p1-01-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The advent of multimodal and targeted breast cancer treatment has seen a radical shift from aggressive surgical intervention to a more minimalist approach, both within the breast and axilla. Primary among these changes is the utilisation of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) to detect disease within the axilla and a move away from an obligatory axillary clearance when the sentinel node is positive. This depends on the accurate identification of the SLN and initial studies describe a higher identification rate and a lower false negative rate with a dual tracer identification technique. This encompasses a combination of a blue / green dye and radio-labelled isotope. The use of blue dye has been, of itself, associated with significant morbidity and therefore many clinicians may opt for single tracer identification.
Aims
The aim of the current study was to determine whether the addition of blue dye to radio-isotope increased the positive SLN detection rate, where the SLN was identified pre-operatively on a lymphoscintigram.
Methods
A prospective randomised controlled trial comparing the combined techniques of isosulphan blue dye and isotope scanning versus isotope scanning alone was performed at a single tertiary referral centre. Ethical approval was obtained prior to commencing the study from the hospital ethics committee. Enrolment commenced in March 2010 and ceased in September 2012. The study design was a randomised open label controlled parallel group trial. The primary outcome measure was the effect of the omission of the blue dye on the identification of SLN if the lymphoscintigram was positive (1 -3 nodes identified).
Results
A total of 673 patients were included in the final analysis with 344 patients receiving the combination (blue dye and radio-isotope) and 329 patients who received radio-isotope scanning alone. The groups were evenly matched both demographically and pathologically. The mean age was 48 years (48.3 versus 47.7 years; P = 0.47), the mean tumour size was 23.1mm (23.2mm versus 23.0mm; p = 0.89) and there was no statistically significant difference in the grade of the tumours between the two groups (p = 0.58). Overall, there was no difference in the number of nodes retrieved between the two groups (563 versus 523; p = 0.30). Similarly, there was no difference in the number of positive lymph nodes that were identified between the two groups (107 versus 98; 23.8% versus 22%; p = 0.65).
Conclusions
The addition of isosulphan blue dye does not aid in the identification of the SLN in patients who have a positive lymphoscintigram when radioisotope colloid is used.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- EA O'Reilly
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - N Aucharaz
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - G Kelly
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D Al Azawi
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - RS Prichard
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - D Evoy
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J Rothwell
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J Geraghty
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A O'Doherty
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - S Skehan
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C Quinn
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - E McDermott
- St Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin, Ireland; University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; St. Vincent's Healthcare Group, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; St Vincent's Healthcare Grouup, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Mulla O, Kelly G. Pinnaplasty using the three blade scorer. Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 38:277-8. [PMID: 23745539 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ver Hoeve ES, Kelly G, Luz S, Ghanshani S, Bhatnagar S. Short-term and long-term effects of repeated social defeat during adolescence or adulthood in female rats. Neuroscience 2013; 249:63-73. [PMID: 23402852 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that adolescence represents a sensitive period during which social stressors influence adult behavior and stress reactivity. However, relatively little is known about the impact of social stress in adolescence on behaviors or stress reactivity in females. In this study, we exposed adolescent or adult female rats to the repeated social stress of defeat for seven consecutive days. Repeated defeat resulted in distinctly different behavioral repertoires during defeat in adolescent compared to adult female rats. Adolescent females exhibited more play and avoidant behaviors and adult females exhibited more active and aggressive behaviors toward the resident female. Examination of the short-term effects of social defeat using the Porsolt forced swim test (FST) indicated that adolescents, regardless of their exposure to social defeat, showed increased time immobile and decreased time swimming compared to adults. Adolescent rats exposed to defeat also exhibited increased climbing compared to their age-matched naïve counterparts. These effects dissipated with age. Interestingly, no effects of defeat were observed in adult females, however, when these females were re-assessed in the FST 30 days after the end of defeat, we observed increased swimming at the expense of climbing. Using exposure to a novel restraint to assess stress reactivity, we found that stress during adolescence and adulthood led to lower basal adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations and that both stressed and control adolescent groups exhibited a delay in recovery in adulthood compared to stressed and control adult groups. Fos protein analysis further suggested that cortical/thalamic structures serve as potential substrates that mediate these long-term impacts of stress during adolescence. Thus, repeated social stress during adolescence produces different patterns of effects as compared with repeated social stress during adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Ver Hoeve
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute and the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA
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Khoyratty F, Kelly G. Surgical drapes and gowns in today's NHS: moving forward from traditional textiles report from an independent multi-disciplinary working group: May 2001. Clin Otolaryngol 2013; 38:108-9. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Kelly
- Department of Otolaryngology; The General Infirmary at Leeds; Leeds; UK
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