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Segal-Maurer S, DeJesus E, Stellbrink HJ, Castagna A, Richmond GJ, Sinclair GI, Siripassorn K, Ruane PJ, Berhe M, Wang H, Margot NA, Dvory-Sobol H, Hyland RH, Brainard DM, Rhee MS, Baeten JM, Molina JM. Capsid Inhibition with Lenacapavir in Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1 Infection. N Engl J Med 2022; 386:1793-1803. [PMID: 35544387 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2115542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection have limited treatment options. Lenacapavir is a first-in-class capsid inhibitor that showed substantial antiviral activity in a phase 1b study. METHODS In this phase 3 trial, we enrolled patients with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection in two cohorts, according to the change in the plasma HIV-1 RNA level between the screening and cohort-selection visits. In cohort 1, patients were first randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive oral lenacapavir or placebo in addition to their failing therapy for 14 days; during the maintenance period, starting on day 15, patients in the lenacapavir group received subcutaneous lenacapavir once every 6 months, and those in the placebo group received oral lenacapavir, followed by subcutaneous lenacapavir; both groups also received optimized background therapy. In cohort 2, all the patients received open-label oral lenacapavir with optimized background therapy on days 1 through 14; subcutaneous lenacapavir was then administered once every 6 months starting on day 15. The primary end point was the percentage of patients in cohort 1 who had a decrease of at least 0.5 log10 copies per milliliter in the viral load by day 15; a key secondary end point was a viral load of less than 50 copies per milliliter at week 26. RESULTS A total of 72 patients were enrolled, with 36 in each cohort. In cohort 1, a decrease of at least 0.5 log10 copies per milliliter in the viral load by day 15 was observed in 21 of 24 patients (88%) in the lenacapavir group and in 2 of 12 patients (17%) in the placebo group (absolute difference, 71 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, 35 to 90). At week 26, a viral load of less than 50 copies per milliliter was reported in 81% of the patients in cohort 1 and in 83% in cohort 2, with a least-squares mean increase in the CD4+ count of 75 and 104 cells per cubic millimeter, respectively. No serious adverse events related to lenacapavir were identified. In both cohorts, lenacapavir-related capsid substitutions that were associated with decreased susceptibility developed in 8 patients during the maintenance period (6 with M66I substitutions). CONCLUSIONS In patients with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection, those who received lenacapavir had a greater reduction from baseline in viral load than those who received placebo. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; CAPELLA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04150068.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorana Segal-Maurer
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Edwin DeJesus
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Hans-Jurgen Stellbrink
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Antonella Castagna
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Gary J Richmond
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Gary I Sinclair
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Krittaecho Siripassorn
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Peter J Ruane
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Mezgebe Berhe
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Hui Wang
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Nicolas A Margot
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Hadas Dvory-Sobol
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Robert H Hyland
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Diana M Brainard
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Martin S Rhee
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Jared M Baeten
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
| | - Jean-Michel Molina
- From NewYork-Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, NY (S.S.-M.); Orlando Immunology Center, Orlando (E.D.), and Fort Lauderdale (G.J.R.) - both in Florida; Infektionsmedizinisches Centrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (H.-J.S.); Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan (A.C.); Prism Health North Texas (G.I.S.) and North Texas Infectious Diseases Consultants (M.B.) - both in Dallas; Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand (K.S.); Ruane Clinical Research Group, Los Angeles (P.J.R.), and Gilead Sciences, Foster City (H.W., N.A.M., H.D.-S., R.H.H., D.M.B., M.S.R., J.M.B.) - both in California; the University of Paris and the Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Louis-Lariboisière Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (J.-M.M.); and AlloVir, Cambridge, MA (D.M.B.)
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Swindells S, Andrade-Villanueva JF, Richmond GJ, Rizzardini G, Baumgarten A, Masiá M, Latiff G, Pokrovsky V, Bredeek F, Smith G, Cahn P, Kim YS, Ford SL, Talarico CL, Patel P, Chounta V, Crauwels H, Parys W, Vanveggel S, Mrus J, Huang J, Harrington CM, Hudson KJ, Margolis DA, Smith KY, Williams PE, Spreen WR. Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine for Maintenance of HIV-1 Suppression. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:1112-1123. [PMID: 32130809 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1904398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Simplified regimens for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection may increase patient satisfaction and facilitate adherence. METHODS In this phase 3, open-label, multicenter, noninferiority trial involving patients who had had plasma HIV-1 RNA levels of less than 50 copies per milliliter for at least 6 months while taking standard oral antiretroviral therapy, we randomly assigned participants (1:1) to either continue their oral therapy or switch to monthly intramuscular injections of long-acting cabotegravir, an HIV-1 integrase strand-transfer inhibitor, and long-acting rilpivirine, a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor. The primary end point was the percentage of participants with an HIV-1 RNA level of 50 copies per milliliter or higher at week 48, determined with the use of the Food and Drug Administration snapshot algorithm. RESULTS Treatment was initiated in 308 participants per group. At week 48, HIV-1 RNA levels of 50 copies per milliliter or higher were found in 5 participants (1.6%) receiving long-acting therapy and in 3 (1.0%) receiving oral therapy (adjusted difference, 0.6 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.2 to 2.5), a result that met the criterion for noninferiority for the primary end point (noninferiority margin, 6 percentage points). An HIV-1 RNA level of less than 50 copies per milliliter at week 48 was found in 92.5% of participants receiving long-acting therapy and in 95.5% of those receiving oral therapy (adjusted difference, -3.0 percentage points; 95% CI, -6.7 to 0.7), a result that met the criterion for noninferiority for this end point (noninferiority margin, -10 percentage points). Virologic failure was confirmed in 3 participants who received long-acting therapy and 4 participants who received oral therapy. Adverse events were more common in the long-acting-therapy group and included injection-site pain, which occurred in 231 recipients (75%) of long-acting therapy and was mild or moderate in most cases; 1% withdrew because of this event. Serious adverse events were reported in no more than 5% of participants in each group. CONCLUSIONS Monthly injections of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine were noninferior to standard oral therapy for maintaining HIV-1 suppression. Injection-related adverse events were common but only infrequently led to medication withdrawal. (Funded by ViiV Healthcare and Janssen; ATLAS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02951052.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Swindells
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Jaime-Federico Andrade-Villanueva
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Gary J Richmond
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Giuliano Rizzardini
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Axel Baumgarten
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Mar Masiá
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Gulam Latiff
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Vadim Pokrovsky
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Fritz Bredeek
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Graham Smith
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Pedro Cahn
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Yeon-Sook Kim
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Susan L Ford
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Christine L Talarico
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Parul Patel
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Vasiliki Chounta
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Herta Crauwels
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Wim Parys
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Simon Vanveggel
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Joseph Mrus
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Jenny Huang
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Conn M Harrington
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Krischan J Hudson
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - David A Margolis
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Kimberly Y Smith
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - Peter E Williams
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
| | - William R Spreen
- From the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (S.S.); Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico (J.-F.A.-V.); Broward Health Medical Center, Broward Health Imperial Point, Fort Lauderdale, FL (G.J.R.); Fatebenefratelli Sacco Hospital, Milan (G.R.); the Center for Infectious Diseases, Berlin (A.B.); Hospital de Elche, Elche, Spain (M.M.); Maxwell Centre, Durban, South Africa (G.L.); the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow (V.P.); Metropolis Medical Group, San Francisco (F.B.); Maple Leaf Research, Toronto (G.S.), and GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga (J.H.) - both in Ontario, Canada; Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires (P.C.); Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Y.-S.K.); GlaxoSmithKline (S.L.F.) and ViiV Healthcare (C.L.T., P.P., J.M., C.M.H., K.J.H., D.A.M., K.Y.S., W.R.S.) - both in Research Triangle Park, NC; ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, United Kingdom (V.C.); and Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium (H.C., W.P., S.V., P.E.W.)
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