1
|
Wu J, Mollenhauer G, Stein R, Köhler P, Hefter J, Fahl K, Grotheer H, Wei B, Nam SI. Deglacial release of petrogenic and permafrost carbon from the Canadian Arctic impacting the carbon cycle. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7172. [PMID: 36418299 PMCID: PMC9684420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in atmospheric pCO2 provide evidence for the release of large amounts of ancient carbon during the last deglaciation. However, the sources and mechanisms that contributed to this process remain unresolved. Here, we present evidence for substantial ancient terrestrial carbon remobilization in the Canadian Arctic following the Laurentide Ice Sheet retreat. Glacial-retreat-induced physical erosion of bedrock has mobilized petrogenic carbon, as revealed by sedimentary records of radiocarbon dates and thermal maturity of organic carbon from the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Additionally, coastal erosion during the meltwater pulses 1a and 1b has remobilized pre-aged carbon from permafrost. Assuming extensive petrogenic organic carbon oxidation during the glacial retreat, a model-based assessment suggests that the combined processes have contributed 12 ppm to the deglacial CO2 rise. Our findings suggest potentially positive climate feedback of ice-sheet retreat by accelerating terrestrial organic carbon remobilization and subsequent oxidation during the glacial-interglacial transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wu
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany ,grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Present Address: Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 11418 Sweden
| | - Gesine Mollenhauer
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28359 Germany
| | - Ruediger Stein
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, 28359 Germany ,grid.4422.00000 0001 2152 3263Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Peter Köhler
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany
| | - Jens Hefter
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany
| | - Kirsten Fahl
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany
| | - Hendrik Grotheer
- grid.10894.340000 0001 1033 7684Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), Bremerhaven, 27568 Germany
| | - Bingbing Wei
- grid.24516.340000000123704535State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Seung-Il Nam
- grid.410913.e0000 0004 0400 5538Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sanders T, Fiencke C, Fuchs M, Haugk C, Juhls B, Mollenhauer G, Ogneva O, Overduin P, Palmtag J, Povazhniy V, Strauss J, Tuerena R, Zell N, Dähnke K. Seasonal nitrogen fluxes of the Lena River Delta. Ambio 2022; 51:423-438. [PMID: 34914031 PMCID: PMC8692507 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The Arctic is nutrient limited, particularly by nitrogen, and is impacted by anthropogenic global warming which occurs approximately twice as fast compared to the global average. Arctic warming intensifies thawing of permafrost-affected soils releasing their large organic nitrogen reservoir. This organic nitrogen reaches hydrological systems, is remineralized to reactive inorganic nitrogen, and is transported to the Arctic Ocean via large rivers. We estimate the load of nitrogen supplied from terrestrial sources into the Arctic Ocean by sampling in the Lena River and its Delta. We took water samples along one of the major deltaic channels in winter and summer in 2019 and sampling station in the central delta over a one-year cycle. Additionally, we investigate the potential release of reactive nitrogen, including nitrous oxide from soils in the Delta. We found that the Lena transported nitrogen as dissolved organic nitrogen to the coastal Arctic Ocean and that eroded soils are sources of reactive inorganic nitrogen such as ammonium and nitrate. The Lena and the Deltaic region apparently are considerable sources of nitrogen to nearshore coastal zone. The potential higher availability of inorganic nitrogen might be a source to enhance nitrous oxide emissions from terrestrial and aquatic sources to the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Sanders
- Institute for Carbon Cycles, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Claudia Fiencke
- Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Fuchs
- Permafrost Research Section, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Telegrafenberg A 45, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Charlotte Haugk
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bennet Juhls
- Permafrost Research Section, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Telegrafenberg A 45, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gesine Mollenhauer
- Marine Geochemistry Section, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Olga Ogneva
- Marine Geochemistry Section, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Paul Overduin
- Permafrost Research Section, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Telegrafenberg A 45, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juri Palmtag
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Vasily Povazhniy
- Otto Schmidt Laboratory for Polar and Marine Research, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Beringa 38, Saint Petersburg, Russia 199397
| | - Jens Strauss
- Permafrost Research Section, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Alfred Wegener Institute, Telegrafenberg A 45, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Robyn Tuerena
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage, Oban PA37 1QA UK
| | - Nadine Zell
- Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Dähnke
- Institute for Carbon Cycles, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Geesthacht, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mann PJ, Strauss J, Palmtag J, Dowdy K, Ogneva O, Fuchs M, Bedington M, Torres R, Polimene L, Overduin P, Mollenhauer G, Grosse G, Rachold V, Sobczak WV, Spencer RGM, Juhls B. Degrading permafrost river catchments and their impact on Arctic Ocean nearshore processes. Ambio 2022; 51:439-455. [PMID: 34850356 PMCID: PMC8692538 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Arctic warming is causing ancient perennially frozen ground (permafrost) to thaw, resulting in ground collapse, and reshaping of landscapes. This threatens Arctic peoples' infrastructure, cultural sites, and land-based natural resources. Terrestrial permafrost thaw and ongoing intensification of hydrological cycles also enhance the amount and alter the type of organic carbon (OC) delivered from land to Arctic nearshore environments. These changes may affect coastal processes, food web dynamics and marine resources on which many traditional ways of life rely. Here, we examine how future projected increases in runoff and permafrost thaw from two permafrost-dominated Siberian watersheds-the Kolyma and Lena, may alter carbon turnover rates and OC distributions through river networks. We demonstrate that the unique composition of terrestrial permafrost-derived OC can cause significant increases to aquatic carbon degradation rates (20 to 60% faster rates with 1% permafrost OC). We compile results on aquatic OC degradation and examine how strengthening Arctic hydrological cycles may increase the connectivity between terrestrial landscapes and receiving nearshore ecosystems, with potential ramifications for coastal carbon budgets and ecosystem structure. To address the future challenges Arctic coastal communities will face, we argue that it will become essential to consider how nearshore ecosystems will respond to changing coastal inputs and identify how these may affect the resiliency and availability of essential food resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Mann
- Dept of Geography & Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Jens Strauss
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A45, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juri Palmtag
- Dept of Geography & Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Kelsey Dowdy
- University of California, Santa Barbara, UCEN Rd, Goleta, CA 93117 USA
| | - Olga Ogneva
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Matthias Fuchs
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A45, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Ricardo Torres
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH UK
| | - Luca Polimene
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH UK
| | - Paul Overduin
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A45, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gesine Mollenhauer
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Guido Grosse
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A45, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Volker Rachold
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A45, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - William V. Sobczak
- Department of Biology, College of the Holy Cross, 1 College St, Worcester, MA 01610 USA
| | | | - Bennet Juhls
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Telegrafenberg A45, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tesi T, Muschitiello F, Mollenhauer G, Miserocchi S, Langone L, Ceccarelli C, Panieri G, Chiggiato J, Nogarotto A, Hefter J, Ingrosso G, Giglio F, Giordano P, Capotondi L. Rapid Atlantification along the Fram Strait at the beginning of the 20th century. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabj2946. [PMID: 34818051 PMCID: PMC8612687 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The recent expansion of Atlantic waters into the Arctic Ocean represents undisputable evidence of the rapid changes occurring in this region. Understanding the past variability of this “Atlantification” is thus crucial in providing a longer perspective on the modern Arctic changes. Here, we reconstruct the history of Atlantification along the eastern Fram Strait during the past 800 years using precisely dated paleoceanographic records based on organic biomarkers and benthic foraminiferal data. Our results show rapid changes in water mass properties that commenced in the early 20th century—several decades before the documented Atlantification by instrumental records. Comparison with regional records suggests a poleward expansion of subtropical waters since the end of the Little Ice Age in response to a rapid hydrographic reorganization in the North Atlantic. Understanding of this mechanism will require further investigations using climate model simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Tesi
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Francesco Muschitiello
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gesine Mollenhauer
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Sciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Research, Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefano Miserocchi
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Langone
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Ceccarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali—BiGeA, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuliana Panieri
- CAGE—Center of Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geolosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jacopo Chiggiato
- Istituto di Scienze Marine–Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISMAR-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessio Nogarotto
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Campus Scientifico, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Jens Hefter
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Sciences, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Gianmarco Ingrosso
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Giglio
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Giordano
- Istituto di Scienze Polari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISP-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucilla Capotondi
- Istituto di Scienze Marine–Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ISMAR-CNR, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Waelbroeck C, Lougheed BC, Vazquez Riveiros N, Missiaen L, Pedro J, Dokken T, Hajdas I, Wacker L, Abbott P, Dumoulin JP, Thil F, Eynaud F, Rossignol L, Fersi W, Albuquerque AL, Arz H, Austin WEN, Came R, Carlson AE, Collins JA, Dennielou B, Desprat S, Dickson A, Elliot M, Farmer C, Giraudeau J, Gottschalk J, Henderiks J, Hughen K, Jung S, Knutz P, Lebreiro S, Lund DC, Lynch-Stieglitz J, Malaizé B, Marchitto T, Martínez-Méndez G, Mollenhauer G, Naughton F, Nave S, Nürnberg D, Oppo D, Peck V, Peeters FJC, Penaud A, Portilho-Ramos RDC, Repschläger J, Roberts J, Rühlemann C, Salgueiro E, Sanchez Goni MF, Schönfeld J, Scussolini P, Skinner LC, Skonieczny C, Thornalley D, Toucanne S, Rooij DV, Vidal L, Voelker AHL, Wary M, Weldeab S, Ziegler M. Consistently dated Atlantic sediment cores over the last 40 thousand years. Sci Data 2019; 6:165. [PMID: 31477737 PMCID: PMC6718518 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0173-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid changes in ocean circulation and climate have been observed in marine-sediment and ice cores over the last glacial period and deglaciation, highlighting the non-linear character of the climate system and underlining the possibility of rapid climate shifts in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing. To date, these rapid changes in climate and ocean circulation are still not fully explained. One obstacle hindering progress in our understanding of the interactions between past ocean circulation and climate changes is the difficulty of accurately dating marine cores. Here, we present a set of 92 marine sediment cores from the Atlantic Ocean for which we have established age-depth models that are consistent with the Greenland GICC05 ice core chronology, and computed the associated dating uncertainties, using a new deposition modeling technique. This is the first set of consistently dated marine sediment cores enabling paleoclimate scientists to evaluate leads/lags between circulation and climate changes over vast regions of the Atlantic Ocean. Moreover, this data set is of direct use in paleoclimate modeling studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Waelbroeck
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France.
| | - Bryan C Lougheed
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France
| | - Natalia Vazquez Riveiros
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France
- Ifremer, Unité de Geosciences Marines, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Lise Missiaen
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France
| | - Joel Pedro
- Uni Research, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Trond Dokken
- Uni Research, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Irka Hajdas
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Wacker
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Abbott
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK
- Institute of Geological Sciences and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pascal Dumoulin
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France
- LMC14, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Thil
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France
| | - Frédérique Eynaud
- EPOC, Université Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - Linda Rossignol
- EPOC, Université Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - Wiem Fersi
- LSCE/IPSL, Laboratoire CNRS-CEA-UVSQ, 91191, Orme des Merisiers, France
| | | | - Helge Arz
- Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestrasse 15, 18119, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Rosemarie Came
- University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stéphanie Desprat
- EPOC, Université Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE, PSL), 4-14 rue Ferrus, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Alex Dickson
- Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Mary Elliot
- LPG-Nantes, Université de Nantes, 44300, Nantes, France
| | | | - Jacques Giraudeau
- EPOC, Université Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | - Julia Gottschalk
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W - PO Box 1000, Palisades, NY, 10964-1000, USA
| | | | - Konrad Hughen
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd., Woods Hole, MA, 02543-1050, USA
| | - Simon Jung
- University of Edinburgh, School of Geosciences, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE, UK
| | - Paul Knutz
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana Lebreiro
- IGME - Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Calle Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003, Madrid, Spain
| | - David C Lund
- University of Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | | | - Bruno Malaizé
- EPOC, Université Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
| | | | | | | | - Filipa Naughton
- IPMA-DivGM, Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Alges, Portugal
- CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Silvia Nave
- LNEG, Bairro do Zambujal, 2610-999, Amadora, Portugal
| | | | - Delia Oppo
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Rd., Woods Hole, MA, 02543-1050, USA
| | - Victoria Peck
- UK British Antarctic Survey, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Frank J C Peeters
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Penaud
- Université de Bretragne Occidentale, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | | | - Jenny Roberts
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hanna-Kunath Straße 11, Bremen, 28199, Germany
| | | | - Emilia Salgueiro
- IPMA-DivGM, Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Alges, Portugal
- CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goni
- EPOC, Université Bordeaux, Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, France
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE, PSL), 4-14 rue Ferrus, 75014, Paris, France
| | | | - Paolo Scussolini
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luke C Skinner
- University of Cambridge, Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK
| | | | | | - Samuel Toucanne
- Ifremer, Unité de Geosciences Marines, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | - Laurence Vidal
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, Europole de l'Arbois, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Antje H L Voelker
- IPMA-DivGM, Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165, Alges, Portugal
- CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Mélanie Wary
- ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Syee Weldeab
- University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, 1006 Webb Hall, CA, 93106-9630, USA
| | - Martin Ziegler
- University of Utrecht, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thiele S, Basse A, Becker JW, Lipski A, Iversen MH, Mollenhauer G. Microbial communities in the nepheloid layers and hypoxic zones of the Canary Current upwelling system. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00705. [PMID: 30311417 PMCID: PMC6528590 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUSs) are among the most productive marine environments in the world. The Canary Current upwelling system off the coast of Mauritania and Morocco is the second most productive of the four EBUS, where nutrient‐rich waters fuel perennial phytoplankton blooms, evident by high chlorophyll a concentrations off Cape Blanc, Mauritania. High primary production leads to eutrophic waters in the surface layers, whereas sinking phytoplankton debris and horizontally dispersed particles form nepheloid layers (NLs) and hypoxic waters at depth. We used Catalyzed Reporter Deposition Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (CARD‐FISH) in combination with fatty acid (measured as methyl ester; FAME) profiles to investigate the bacterial and archaeal community composition along transects from neritic to pelagic waters within the “giant Cape Blanc filament” in two consecutive years (2010 and 2011), and to evaluate the usage of FAME data for microbial community studies. We also report the first fatty acid profile of Pelagibacterales strain HTCC7211 which was used as a reference profile for the SAR11 clade. Unexpectedly, the reference profile contained low concentrations of long chain fatty acids 18:1 cis11, 18:1 cis11 11methyl, and 19:0 cyclo11–12 fatty acids, the main compounds in other Alphaproteobacteria. Members of the free‐living SAR11 clade were found at increased relative abundance in the hypoxic waters in both years. In contrast, the depth profiles of Gammaproteobacteria (including Alteromonas and Pseudoalteromonas), Bacteroidetes, Roseobacter, and Synechococcus showed high abundances of these groups in layers where particle abundance was high, suggesting that particle attachment or association is an important mechanisms of dispersal for these groups. Collectively, our results highlight the influence of NLs, horizontal particle transport, and low oxygen on the structure and dispersal of microbial communities in upwelling systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Thiele
- Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Basse
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.,MARUM and University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jamie W Becker
- Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania
| | - Andre Lipski
- Department of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Morten H Iversen
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.,MARUM and University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gesine Mollenhauer
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.,MARUM and University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu C, Wakeham SG, Elling FJ, Basse A, Mollenhauer G, Versteegh GJM, Könneke M, Hinrichs KU. Stratification of archaeal membrane lipids in the ocean and implications for adaptation and chemotaxonomy of planktonic archaea. Environ Microbiol 2016; 18:4324-4336. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhu
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
- School of Earth and Ocean Sciences; Cardiff University; Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Stuart G. Wakeham
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography; 10 Ocean Science Circle Savannah GA 31411 USA
| | - Felix J. Elling
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Andreas Basse
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI); Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Gesine Mollenhauer
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI); Bremerhaven Germany
| | - Gerard J. M. Versteegh
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Martin Könneke
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Department of Geosciences; University of Bremen; D-28359 Bremen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Kienast M, Kienast SS, Calvert SE, Eglinton TI, Mollenhauer G, François R, Mix AC. Erratum: Eastern Pacific cooling and Atlantic overturning circulation during the last deglaciation. Nature 2006. [DOI: 10.1038/nature05377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
10
|
Kienast M, Kienast SS, Calvert SE, Eglinton TI, Mollenhauer G, François R, Mix AC. Eastern Pacific cooling and Atlantic overturning circulation during the last deglaciation. Nature 2006; 443:846-9. [PMID: 17051216 DOI: 10.1038/nature05222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Surface ocean conditions in the equatorial Pacific Ocean could hold the clue to whether millennial-scale global climate change during glacial times was initiated through tropical ocean-atmosphere feedbacks or by changes in the Atlantic thermohaline circulation. North Atlantic cold periods during Heinrich events and millennial-scale cold events (stadials) have been linked with climatic changes in the tropical Atlantic Ocean and South America, as well as the Indian and East Asian monsoon systems, but not with tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures. Here we present a high-resolution record of sea surface temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific derived from alkenone unsaturation measurements. Our data show a temperature drop of approximately 1 degrees C, synchronous (within dating uncertainties) with the shutdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Heinrich event 1, and a smaller temperature drop of approximately 0.5 degrees C synchronous with the smaller reduction in the overturning circulation during the Younger Dryas event. Both cold events coincide with maxima in surface ocean productivity as inferred from 230Th-normalized carbon burial fluxes, suggesting increased upwelling at the time. From the concurrence of equatorial Pacific cooling with the two North Atlantic cold periods during deglaciation, we conclude that these millennial-scale climate changes were probably driven by a reorganization of the oceans' thermohaline circulation, although possibly amplified by tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction as suggested before.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kienast
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J1 Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boemke W, Seeliger E, Rothermund L, Corea M, Pettker R, Mollenhauer G, Reinhardt HW. ACE inhibition prevents Na and water retention and MABP increase during reduction of renal perfusion pressure. Am J Physiol 1995; 269:R481-9. [PMID: 7573546 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.1995.269.3.r481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Two groups of six dogs were studied during 4 control days and 4 days of reduced renal perfusion pressure (rRPP) servo controlled at 20% below the individual dog's 24-h mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) during control days, i.e., below the threshold for renin release. On rRPP days, endogenous activation of plasma aldosterone and angiotensin II was inhibited by the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril. The dogs were kept on a high-Na and high-water intake. Unlike studies during rRPP alone, there was no Na and water retention during rRPP+captopril. Glomerular filtration rate dropped by approximately 9%, and MABP remained in the range of control days. Plasma renin activity rose to values 14 times greater than control, whereas plasma aldosterone decreased by approximately 60%. Atrial natriuretic peptide remained in the range of controls. In conclusion, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition can prevent the otherwise obligatory Na and water retention and systemic MABP increase during a 20% reduction in renal perfusion pressure. This is achieved most likely via the captopril-induced fall in angiotensin II and plasma aldosterone levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Boemke
- Arbeitsgruppe Experimentelle Anästhesie, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow--Charlottenburg, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mollenhauer G. Schamanismus bei den Eskimos. Saeculum 1977; 28:235-240. [PMID: 11615141 DOI: 10.7788/saeculum.1977.28.2.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
|