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Cocco VM, Vezzali L, Stathi S, Di Bernardo GA, Dovidio JF. Mobilizing or Sedative Effects? A Narrative Review of the Association Between Intergroup Contact and Collective Action Among Advantaged and Disadvantaged Groups. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 2024; 28:119-180. [PMID: 37864514 PMCID: PMC11010580 DOI: 10.1177/10888683231203141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
ACADEMIC ABSTRACT In this narrative review, we examined 134 studies of the relationship between intergroup contact and collective action benefiting disadvantaged groups. We aimed to identify whether, when, and why contact has mobilizing effects (promoting collective action) or sedative effects (inhibiting collective action). For both moderators and mediators, factors associated with the intergroup situation (compared with those associated with the out-group or the in-group) emerged as the most important. Group status had important effects. For members of socially advantaged groups (examined in 98 studies, 100 samples), contact had a general mobilizing effect, which was stronger when contact increased awareness of experiences of injustice among members of disadvantaged groups. For members of disadvantaged groups (examined in 49 studies, 58 samples), contact had mixed effects. Contact that increased awareness of injustice mobilized collection action; contact that made the legitimacy of group hierarchy or threat of retaliation more salient produced sedative effects. PUBLIC ABSTRACT We present a review of existing studies that have investigated the relationship between intergroup contact and collective action aimed at promoting equity for disadvantaged groups. We further consider the influence of contact that is positive or negative and face-to-face or indirect (e.g., through mass or social media), and we distinguish between collective action that involves socially acceptable behaviors or is destructive and violent. We identified 134 studies, considering both advantaged (100 samples) and disadvantaged groups (58 samples). We found that intergroup contact impacts collective action differently depending on group status. Contact generally leads advantaged groups to mobilize in favor of disadvantaged groups. However, contact has variable effects on members of disadvantaged groups: It sometimes promotes their collective action in support of their own group; in other cases, it leads them to be less likely to engage in such action. We examine when and why contact can have these different effects.
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Pecini C, Ruzzante D, Valtorta RR, Crapolicchio E, Cocco VM, Andrighetto L, Di Bernardo GA. Why Might Women Justify Dating Violence? The Role of Men's Sexual Objectification of Their Romantic Partners Within Heterosexual Relationships. J Interpers Violence 2023; 38:10664-10685. [PMID: 37227007 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231175515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Men's partner-sexual objectification has been linked to increased self-objectification and diminished well-being in women. Some recent findings have also demonstrated that men's partner-sexual objectification is related to increased violence in the relationship. However, mechanisms driving this association remain unexplored. In the present research, we collected data on women and men involved in heterosexual romantic relationships and investigated the associations between men's partner-sexual objectification, women's self-objectification, and both partners' attitudes toward dating violence. Study 1 (N = 171 heterosexual couples) provided first evidence for the link between men's partner-sexual objectification and their attitudes toward dating violence. Furthermore, men's attitudes toward dating violence mediated the relationship between sexual objectification of their partners and women's attitudes toward dating violence. These results were replicated in Study 2 (N = 235 heterosexual couples). Findings of this study also revealed that, along with men's attitudes toward dating violence, women's self-objectification acted as a mediating mechanism linking experiences of being sexually objectified by the romantic partner and attitudes toward dating violence in women. Implications of our findings for the issue of dating violence are discussed.
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Pecini C, Di Bernardo GA, Crapolicchio E, Vezzali L, Andrighetto L. Body Shame in 7-12-Year-Old Girls and Boys: The Role of Parental Attention to Children's Appearance. Sex Roles 2023; 89:1-14. [PMID: 37360900 PMCID: PMC10245339 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-023-01385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Guided by the Tripartite Influence Model and Objectification Theory, we examined whether parents' attention to their children's appearance was related to higher body shame in girls and boys. In Study 1 (N = 195) and 2 (N = 163), we investigated 7-12-year-old children's metaperceptions about parents' attention to their appearance and its association with children's body shame. In Study 3, we examined the link between parents' self-reported attention to their children's appearance and children's body shame among parent-child triads (N = 70). Results demonstrated that both children's metaperceptions and fathers' self-reported attention to children's appearance were associated with body shame in children. Furthermore, when mothers' and fathers' attitudes toward their children were analyzed simultaneously, only fathers' attention to their children's appearance was associated with greater body shame in girls and boys. Notably, no gender differences emerged, suggesting that parents' attention to their children's appearance was not differentially related to body shame in girls and boys. These results remained significant when controlling for other sources of influence, namely peer and media influence, both of which were found to have a strong association with body shame in children. Theoretical and practical implications of our findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pecini
- Department of Education, University of Genoa, Genova, 16128 Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Crapolicchio
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Andrighetto
- Department of Education, University of Genoa, Genova, 16128 Italy
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Sacino A, Bicocchi N, Di Bernardo GA, Pecini C, Di Gesto C, Maragliano A, Vezzali L, Andrighetto L. Proxemic Behaviors During Gay/Straight Interactions: An Automated Analysis Through Kinect Depth-Sensing Camera. J Sex Res 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37010936 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2023.2192696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Through two experimental studies (N = 150), we investigated proxemic behaviors featuring gay/straight dyadic interactions. In doing so, for the first time, we relied on an IR depth camera and considered the interpersonal volume between the interactants, a novel feature that exhaustively captures interactants' proxemic behaviors. Study 1 revealed that the straight participants' implicit sexual bias - but not the explicit prejudice - significantly predicted their volume while interacting with a study accomplice who was presented as gay (vs. straight). However, unlike previous research, mixed-model analyses revealed the higher their implicit bias was, the smaller the interpersonal volume that they maintained with the gay study accomplice, especially when the conversation focused on an intergroup-related (vs. neutral) topic. Study 2 was mainly designed to deepen this main finding. Results documented that highly implicitly biased participants who maintained a smaller interpersonal volume with a gay (vs. straight) study accomplice were more cognitively depleted after the interaction than low-biased participants, possibly suggesting that highly implicitly biased straight people can control this nonverbal behavior to appear as nonprejudiced in the gay interactant's eyes. Implications for research on sexual prejudice and intergroup nonverbal behaviors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sacino
- Department of Education, University of Genova
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna
| | - Nicola Bicocchi
- Department of Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
| | | | | | | | | | - Loris Vezzali
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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Cadamuro A, Bisagno E, Trifiletti E, Di Bernardo GA, Visintin EP. Parental Support during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Friend or Foe? A Moderation Analysis of the Association between Maternal Anxiety and Children's Stress in Italian Dyads. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:268. [PMID: 36612589 PMCID: PMC9819444 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that parental psychological disorders in stressful situations increase the risk of disturbance in child development. This has been investigated in disasters but not in pandemics, which are sensibly different from other types of traumatic events. We investigated the relationship between mothers' anxiety and their children's (self-reported) stress and the boundary conditions of this association during the first full COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. During the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers might have increased their protective attitudes to secure and support their children; we tested whether the relationship between mothers' anxiety and children's stress was weaker (buffer effect) or stronger (over-protection effect) when perceived parental support was high. We measured mothers' anxiety, children's perceived parental support, and children's stress in a sample of 414 8- to 11-year-old primary school children (229 females, Mage = 9.44) and 395 mothers (Mage = 42.84). Results supported the over-protection scenario and provided the first evidence for the "helicopter-parent effect" during the COVID-19 pandemic: mothers' anxiety was positively associated with children's stress only when perceived support was high. Our finding highlights the importance of educating parents (for example, via emotional training) to prevent the worst consequences of adverse events in children and promote their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cadamuro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Bisagno
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Elena Trifiletti
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Cocco VM, Bisagno E, Bernardo GAD, Bicocchi N, Calderara S, Palazzi A, Cucchiara R, Zambonelli F, Cadamuro A, Stathi S, Crisp R, Vezzali L. Let's stay close: An examination of the effects of imagined contact on behavior toward children with disability. Social Development 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Bisagno
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Palazzi
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - Rita Cucchiara
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Loris Vezzali
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
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Vezzali L, Pagliaro S, Di Bernardo GA, McKeown S, Margherita Cocco V. Solidarity across group lines: Secondary transfer effect of intergroup contact, perceived moral distance, and collective action. Euro J Social Psych 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vezzali L, Trifiletti E, Wölfer R, Di Bernardo GA, Stathi S, Cocco VM, Cadamuro A, Shamloo SE, Hewstone M. Sequential models of intergroup contact and social categorization: An experimental field test of integrated models. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/13684302221104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Research has proposed different models of how contact situations should be structured to maximize contact effects, focusing in particular on the role of categorization during contact. We conducted two experimental field interventions ( Ns = 247 and 247) to test models that integrate different levels of categorization. Each of the tested models was contrasted against a no-intervention control condition. In both studies, we assessed effects shortly after the intervention (1 week later; i.e., posttest) and then after approximately 6 months (i.e., follow-up). In the first study, results generally supported the model where categorization precedes decategorization, showing effects on major dependent measures highlighted in research on intergroup contact: quantity and quality of contact, cross-group friendships, intergroup anxiety (marginal effect at follow-up), outgroup attitudes (only at follow-up). Evidence for follow-up effects for this model was, however, weaker in Study 2, where the delayed effects of the intervention emerged only indirectly, via changes in contact quality, outgroup attitudes, and approach behavioral intentions at posttest. Comparisons of the other two models (decategorization then categorization; and simultaneous categorization and decategorization) with the control condition (only in Study 1) provided weaker and inconsistent results.
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Pecini C, Di Bernardo GA, Crapolicchio E, Stathi S, Vezzali L, Andrighetto L. Stop looking at me! associations between men's partner‐objectification and women's self‐objectification, body shame and life satisfaction in romantic relationships. Community & Applied Soc Psy 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pecini
- Department of Educational Science University of Genova Genoa Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Crapolicchio
- Department of Psychology Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Sofia Stathi
- Department of Psychology & Counselling University of Greenwich London UK
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Luca Andrighetto
- Department of Educational Science University of Genova Genoa Italy
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Vezzali L, Visintin EP, Bisagno E, Bröker L, Cadamuro A, Crapolicchio E, De Amicis L, Di Bernardo GA, Huang F, Lou X, Stathi S, Valor-Segura I, Harwood J. Using sport media exposure to promote gender equality: Counter-stereotypical gender perceptions and the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/13684302221075691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
By relying on literature on counter-stereotypes and media contact, we investigated whether media exposure is associated with counter-stereotypical gender perceptions. Focusing on the 2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup, we recruited samples ( N = 2,228) from eight competing countries (China, France, Germany, Italy, Scotland, Spain, England, US) across three continents. We hypothesized that exposure to media coverage of the competition’s counter-stereotypical female exemplars would be associated with increased counter-stereotypical perceptions of women. Results revealed that media exposure was associated with greater communion and agency attributed to women. In turn, communion and agency were associated (negatively and positively, respectively) with attribution of stereotypically male abilities (abilities to engage in stereotypically male academic disciplines and jobs) to women compared to men. No effects emerged for perceptions of stereotypically female characteristics. Gender moderated these effects, with associations being stronger among male than among female respondents. Theoretical and practical implications of findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fei Huang
- Central China Normal University, China
| | - Xi Lou
- Central China Normal University, China
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Cocco VM, Bisagno E, Visintin EP, Cadamuro A, Di Bernardo GA, Shamloo SE, Trifiletti E, Molinari L, Vezzali L. Once upon a time…: Using fairy tales as a form of vicarious contact to prevent stigma‐based bullying among schoolchildren. Community & Applied Soc Psy 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Cocco VM, Bisagno E, Visintin EP, Cadamuro A, Di Bernardo GA, Trifiletti E, Molinari L, Vezzali L. Fighting stigma‐based bullying in primary school children: An experimental intervention using vicarious intergroup contact and social norms. Social Development 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Di Bernardo GA, Cocco VM, Paolini S, Vezzali L, Stathi S, Rubin M, Subašić E. Following the best of us to help them: Group member prototypicality and collective action. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/13684302211038062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While considering the role of group-level factors as predictors of collective action, research has overlooked the role of group prototypes in determining willingness to engage in collective action. To begin to investigate this area, we conducted two correlational studies ( Ns = 141 and 98) in high schools examining the association between prototypical ingroup members’ desire to engage in collective action and participants’ collective action on behalf of a disadvantaged group (immigrants). Results showed a positive association between these two variables. We also investigated boundaries of this effect, finding that the association emerged when participants lacked personal experiences with the disadvantaged group (cross-group friendships; Study 1) or identified more with their ingroup, an effect also found when including a behavioral measure of collective action (Study 2). Intentions to follow the prototypical ingroup member emerged as the mediator (Study 2). It is worth noting that our methodology allowed us to assess prototypicality in a naturalistic context by calculating a metacontrast ratio for each group member, in line with self-categorization theory’s conceptualization of prototypicality. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications, with reference to the role of prototypicality as a means of social influence and to developing social norms in the context of collective action.
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Vezzali L, Capozza D, Di Bernardo GA, Falvo R, Stathi S, Hodson G. Strategies for the promotion of humanity attribution to outgroups. European Review of Social Psychology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10463283.2021.1963156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Vezzali
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Stathi
- School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | - Gordon Hodson
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
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Di Bernardo GA, Vezzali L, Birtel MD, Stathi S, Ferrari B, Giovannini D, Pettigrew TF. The role of optimal conditions and intergroup contact in promoting positive intergroup relations in and out of the workplace: A study with ethnic majority and minority workers. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/13684302211010929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A field study was conducted with majority and minority group members to test whether the effects of optimal contact conditions and of intergroup contact generalize across situations, and extend to the support of intergroup equality in terms of agreement with social policies benefitting the minority group. Participants were 163 Italian and 129 immigrant workers in three corporate organizations. Results from structural equation modelling analyses revealed that, for the majority group, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was indirectly associated, via reduction in negative stereotypes, with more positive behavior that generalized across situations. For both majority and minority groups, positive contact stemming from optimal contact conditions was associated with less negative stereotypes, and in turn with greater support for social policies favoring the minority. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, also in relation to the significance of the present results for research investigating the relation between intergroup contact and social change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loris Vezzali
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Barbara Ferrari
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Dino Giovannini
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Birtel MD, Di Bernardo GA, Vezzali L. Fading Affect Bias in Intergroup Relations. Social Psychology 2021. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Negative affect associated with autobiographical events fades faster over time than positive affect. This Fading Affect Bias (FAB) has been established in the individual and interpersonal domains. Two studies tested the FAB in intergroup relations with Muslims ( N= 76 White British non-Muslim) and opposite gender ( N = 242 women and men) as target outgroups. The results indicated that the FAB exists in an intergroup context, for both ingroup and outgroup memories. Mediation analyses showed that intergroup contact is related to a lower fading of positive affect associated with the outgroup memory, through greater memory strength and a more positive outgroup member evaluation. The findings are important for understanding affect associated with intergroup memories and the buffering effect of positive contact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Loris Vezzali
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Cadamuro A, Di Bernardo GA, Trifiletti E, Bisagno E, Shamloo SE, Faccini M, Vezzali L. Social dominance orientation in children: The validation of the long and short version of the child SDO6 scale. European Journal of Developmental Psychology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2021.1898941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cadamuro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia
| | - Elena Trifiletti
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italia Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Verona, Verona, Italia
| | - Elisa Bisagno
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italia
| | | | - Martina Faccini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Verona, Verona, Italia
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italia
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Vezzali L, Di Bernardo GA, Cocco VM, Stathi S, Capozza D. Reducing prejudice in the society at large: A review of the secondary transfer effect and directions for future research. Soc Personal Psychol Compass 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Vezzali
- Department of Education and Human Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Human Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | | | - Sofia Stathi
- School of Human Sciences University of Greenwich London UK
| | - Dora Capozza
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy
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Cadamuro A, Birtel MD, Di Bernardo GA, Crapolicchio E, Vezzali L, Drury J. Resilience in children in the aftermath of disasters: A systematic review and a new perspective on individual, interpersonal, group, and intergroup level factors. Community & Applied Soc Psy 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cadamuro
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Science University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | | | | | | | - Loris Vezzali
- Faculty of Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - John Drury
- School of Psychology University of Sussex Brighton UK
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Trifiletti E, D'Ascenzo S, Lugli L, Cocco VM, Di Bernardo GA, Iani C, Rubichi S, Nicoletti R, Vezzali L. Correction: Truth and lies in your eyes: Pupil dilation of White participants in truthful and deceptive responses to White and Black partners. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244009. [PMID: 33296433 PMCID: PMC7725400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Vezzali L, McKeown S, McCauley P, Stathi S, Di Bernardo GA, Cadamuro A, Cozzolino V, Trifiletti E. May the odds be ever in your favor: The Hunger Games and the fight for a more equal society. (Negative) Media vicarious contact and collective action. J Appl Soc Psychol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Vezzali
- Department of Education and Human Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | | | - Patrick McCauley
- Department of Religious Studies and Philosophy Chestnut Hill College Philadelphia PA USA
| | - Sofia Stathi
- School of Human Sciences University of Greenwich London UK
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Human Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - Alessia Cadamuro
- Department of Education and Human Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - Valeria Cozzolino
- Department of Education and Human Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Reggio Emilia Italy
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Miani A, Di Bernardo GA, Højgaard AD, Earp BD, Zak PJ, Landau AM, Hoppe J, Winterdahl M. Neonatal male circumcision is associated with altered adult socio-affective processing. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05566. [PMID: 33299934 PMCID: PMC7702013 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal male circumcision is a painful skin-breaking procedure that may affect infant physiological and behavioral stress responses as well as mother-infant interaction. Due to the plasticity of the developing nociceptive system, neonatal pain might carry long-term consequences on adult behavior. In this study, we examined whether infant male circumcision is associated with long-term psychological effects on adult socio-affective processing. METHODS We recruited 408 men circumcised within the first month of life and 211 non-circumcised men and measured socio-affective behaviors and stress via a battery of validated psychometric scales. RESULTS Early-circumcised men reported lower attachment security and lower emotional stability while no differences in empathy or trust were found. Early circumcision was also associated with stronger sexual drive and less restricted socio-sexuality along with higher perceived stress and sensation seeking. LIMITATIONS This is a cross-sectional study relying on self-reported measures from a US population. CONCLUSIONS Our findings resonate with the existing literature suggesting links between altered emotional processing in circumcised men and neonatal stress. Consistent with longitudinal studies on infant attachment, early circumcision might have an impact on adult socio-affective traits or behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Miani
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emiilia, Italy
| | | | - Brian D. Earp
- Departments of Philosophy and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Paul J. Zak
- Center for Neuroeconomics Studies, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Anne M. Landau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Hoppe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Winterdahl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Trifiletti E, D’Ascenzo S, Lugli L, Cocco VM, Di Bernardo GA, Iani C, Rubichi S, Nicoletti R, Vezzali L. Truth and lies in your eyes: Pupil dilation of White participants in truthful and deceptive responses to White and Black partners. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239512. [PMID: 33048934 PMCID: PMC7553340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the pupillary response of White participants who were asked to tell the truth or lie to White or Black partners. Research on cues to deception has assumed that lying is more cognitively demanding that truth telling. In line with this assumption, previous studies have shown that lying is associated with greater pupil dilation, a behavioral cue that typically manifests itself under conditions of stress or cognitive effort. In accordance with these results, we predicted greater pupil dilation when lying than when telling the truth. Furthermore, pupil dilation was expected to be greater when responding to White than Black partners. Finally, we hypothesized that pupil dilation would be greater when lying to White than Black partners. Participants were instructed to answer a set of questions, half truthfully and half deceptively. They were led to believe that White vs. Black partners (one male and one female) would ask the questions via computer connection. Indeed, we used feminine and masculine synthetic voices. Pupil dilation was assessed with a remote eye-tracking system. Results provided support for the first two hypotheses. However, the predicted interaction between race of partners and truth status of message (lying vs. telling the truth) was nonsignificant. Our findings highlight the importance of considering race in the study of truthful and deceptive communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Trifiletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefania D’Ascenzo
- Dipartimento di Filosofia e Comunicazione, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Lugli
- Dipartimento di Filosofia e Comunicazione, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Margherita Cocco
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Cristina Iani
- Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con Interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Sandro Rubichi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Neuroscienze e Neurotecnologie, Università di Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberto Nicoletti
- Dipartimento di Filosofia e Comunicazione, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Dipartimento Chirurgico, Medico, Odontoiatrico e di Scienze Morfologiche con Interesse Trapiantologico, Oncologico e di Medicina Rigenerativa, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Cocco VM, Bisagno E, Di Bernardo GA, Cadamuro A, Riboldi SD, Crapolicchio E, Trifiletti E, Stathi S, Vezzali L. Comparing story reading and video watching as two distinct forms of vicarious contact: An experimental intervention among elementary school children. Br J Soc Psychol 2020; 60:74-94. [PMID: 32677124 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Research has shown that vicarious contact, that is observing an interaction between ingroup and outgroup members, can improve intergroup relations. Although vicarious contact has been operationalized in different ways, mainly via story reading or video watching, an experimental comparison of these different strategies is still missing. We conducted a school intervention with the aim of comparing the two most used forms of vicarious contact, namely story reading and video watching. Elementary schoolchildren without disabilities (N = 292) were assigned to one of three different conditions: reading a story; watching a video; control. In the two vicarious contact conditions, participants read or watched the story of a child with disability becoming friends with children without disabilities; in the control condition, participants only completed the dependent measures. Results revealed that, in general, both vicarious contact conditions were equally effective in improving outgroup attitudes and behavioural intentions. In addition, they operated with the same strength through the same underlying processes (IOS, ingroup norms). We discuss theoretical and practical implications in the context of vicarious contact as a prejudice-reduction intervention.
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25
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Capozza D, Falvo R, Di Bernardo GA. Does the out‐group recognize our mental skills? Cross‐group friendships, extended contact, and the expectation of humanizing perceptions from the out‐group. J Appl Soc Psychol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dora Capozza
- FISPPA Department—Section of Applied Psychology Padova University Padova Italy
| | - Rossella Falvo
- FISPPA Department—Section of Applied Psychology Padova University Padova Italy
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26
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Stathi S, Pavetich M, Di Bernardo GA, Cadamuro A, Cocco VM, Vezzali L. Intergroup fears and concerns among minority and majority groups: Implications for contact and attitudes. J Community Psychol 2020; 48:1010-1027. [PMID: 32027396 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Driven by the literature on pluralistic ignorance, our research investigates fear of appearing racist, being rejected, discriminated, and disinterest in intergroup contact as antecedents of contact and outgroup attitudes, focusing on attributional differences between the majority and minority group perspectives. METHODS Questionnaires were distributed in schools in Northern Italy. Participants were 400 Italian and 141 immigrant high-school students. RESULTS The results showed that the lack of interest in contact was the strongest predictor of contact for the majority group. For the minority group, fear of rejection emerged as the strongest predictor. The majority group attributed the minority to avoid contact most strongly due to the fear that they would be rejected, and the minority group perceived it was due to the majority not being interested in contact. CONCLUSION Our research contributes to understanding the divergent concerns the majority and minority groups have in relation to intergroup contact and discusses the importance of tackling these concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Stathi
- School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | | | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Humanities, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Alessia Cadamuro
- Department of Education and Humanities, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Veronica Margherita Cocco
- Department of Education and Humanities, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Department of Education and Humanities, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
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27
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Stathi S, Di Bernardo GA, Vezzali L, Pendleton S, Tropp LR. Do
they
want contact with us? The role of intergroup contact meta‐perceptions on positive contact and attitudes. J Community Appl Soc Psychol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Stathi
- School of Human Sciences University of Greenwich London UK
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Dipartimento diEducazione e Scienze Umane Reggio Emilia, Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Dipartimento diEducazione e Scienze Umane Reggio Emilia, Universita degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | | | - Linda R. Tropp
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts
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Di Bernardo GA, Vezzali L, Stathi S, McKeown S, Cocco VM, Saguy T, Dixon J. Fostering social change among advantaged and disadvantaged group members: Integrating intergroup contact and social identity perspectives on collective action. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430219889134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent research on intergroup contact has shown how interactions with outgroup members may both decrease and increase motivations to achieve social equality. Similarly, social identity theory has identified the conditions that lead individuals to challenge unequal social systems. Integrating these two major theories, the current study examined the processes underlying the relationship between intergroup contact and participants’ willingness to engage in collective action to challenge social inequality. Specifically, we tested sociostructural variables (status legitimacy and stability, and permeability of group boundaries) as potential mediators of contact in a sample of both advantaged (Italian high school students, N = 392) and disadvantaged (immigrant high school students, N = 165) group members. We found that contact was positively associated with motivation for change, an effect mediated by decreased perceived legitimacy of status differences. Moreover, for the advantaged group, membership salience moderated the effects of quality (but not quantity) of contact. Indirect effects were instead not moderated by content of contact (an index considering the extent to which contact was characterized by a focus on differences vs. commonalities between groups). Theoretical and practical implications of findings are discussed.
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29
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Vezzali L, Di Bernardo GA, Birtel MD, Stathi S, Brambilla M. Outgroup morality perceptions mediate secondary transfer effects from direct and extended contact: Evidence from majority and minority group members. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430219879223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The secondary transfer effect (STE), defined as contact with a primary outgroup improving attitudes towards a secondary outgroup uninvolved in contact, has mainly been studied with reference to direct contact and considering attitude generalization as the main mediating mechanism. Using a majority (422 Italians) and minority (130 immigrants) adolescent sample from high schools in Italy, we examined outgroup morality perceptions as a new mediating mechanism, and tested for the first time whether the STE emerges for extended contact. Results revealed that the STE emerged for direct contact among the majority group and for extended contact among the minority group, and it was sequentially mediated by perceptions of morality towards the primary outgroup, and by attitudes towards the primary outgroup and perceptions of morality towards the secondary outgroup. The STE also emerged for direct contact among the minority group, with morality perceptions towards the secondary outgroup and attitudes towards the primary outgroup being parallel mediators. We discuss the theoretical implications of the findings, arguing that it is important to identify the conditions and underlying processes of the STE in order to reduce prejudice in the case of both majority and minority groups.
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30
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Vezzali L, Birtel MD, Di Bernardo GA, Stathi S, Crisp RJ, Cadamuro A, Visintin EP. Don’t hurt my outgroup friend: A multifaceted form of imagined contact promotes intentions to counteract bullying. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430219852404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of research has shown that imagined intergroup contact can improve outgroup attitudes. The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of a multifaceted form of imagined contact in counteracting bullying in school children, and additionally to test the underlying processes of this effect. Two hundred and fifteen Italian elementary school children took part in a 3-week intervention, where they were asked to imagine a scenario in which they become friends with an unknown disabled child, interact in various social settings, and react to forms of discrimination toward the newly acquired friend. After each session, they discussed collectively what they had imagined. The dependent measures were administered 1 week after the last session. Results revealed that inclusion of an outgroup member in the self mediated the effect of imagined contact on intentions to counteract social exclusion and bullying of disabled children, as well as helping intentions. Imagined contact also promoted greater willingness for outgroup contact via more positive outgroup attitudes and empathy. Our findings are important in delineating new forms of imagined contact, and understanding ways to promote behaviors that defend victims of social exclusion and bullying in school environments.
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Stathi
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling University of Greenwich London UK
| | - Rita Guerra
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE‐IUL) Lisboa Portugal
| | | | - Loris Vezzali
- Department of Education and Humanities University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle D. Birtel
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling University of Greenwich London United Kingdom
| | | | - Sofia Stathi
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling University of Greenwich London United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Crisp
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham United Kingdom
| | - Alessia Cadamuro
- Department of Education and Humanities University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Loris Vezzali
- Department of Education and Humanities University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
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33
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Vezzali L, Di Bernardo GA, Stathi S, Visintin EP, Hewstone M. Using intercultural videos of direct contact to implement vicarious contact: A school-based intervention that improves intergroup attitudes. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1368430218809885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to create an engaging and dynamic intervention for schools that uses videos of direct school peer contact to implement a vicarious contact intervention. Participants were ethnic majority (Italian) and minority (immigrant) high school students ( N = 485; age ranging from 14 to 22 years old, Mage = 17.24 years), who were asked to watch and evaluate videos created by peers from their school for a competition for the best video on intercultural friendships. Results revealed that vicarious contact, relative to a control condition where participants were not shown any videos, improved outgroup attitudes, reduced negative outgroup stereotypes, and increased willingness to engage in contact with the outgroup. These effects only emerged when intercultural friendships in the videos were salient. Inclusion of the other in the self, but neither intergroup anxiety nor fear of rejection by the outgroup, significantly mediated the effect of the videos on outcomes. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Miles Hewstone
- University of Oxford, UK
- University of Newcastle, Australia
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34
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Colledani D, Capozza D, Falvo R, Di Bernardo GA. The Work-Related Basic Need Satisfaction Scale: An Italian Validation. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1859. [PMID: 30333778 PMCID: PMC6176063 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was to validate the Work-related Basic Need Satisfaction (W-BNS) scale in the Italian social context. Three studies were carried out. Study 1 was conducted on two samples of employees. Exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis were run on the first sample, whereas confirmatory factor analyses were run on the second. Results supported the three-dimensional structure of the W-BNS scale. Study 2 was conducted on a third sample of employees. Results supported the construct validity of the scale, by showing that needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness were associated with job resources (social support, job autonomy, professional growth), low burnout, and job attitudes (job satisfaction, turnover intentions, commitment). In addition, results showed that responses to the scale were not affected by social desirability bias. Study 3 was conducted to evaluate the nomological validity of the scale (the sample grouped together all respondents from Studies 1 and 2). A model was tested in which organizational commitment mediated the relationship between basic needs and two outcomes (job satisfaction, intentions to leave). Organizational commitment was measured by using the Klein et al. Unidimensional Target-free scale (the KUT). Results supported the nomological validity of the scale. In line with our expectations, the three needs were associated with the KUT, which in turn mediated the effects of needs on the outcomes. Practical implications of findings and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana Colledani
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Dora Capozza
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Rossella Falvo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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35
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Bussè C, Caffarra P, Rossi A, Zorzi G, Fragiacomo F, Camporese G, Pompanin S, Di Bernardo GA, Cagnin A. Testing Hippocampal Memory in Prodromal Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 64:349-353. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-180166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Bussè
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Section of Neuroscience, DIMEC, University of Parma, Italy
- Alzheimer Center, FERB ONLUS, Gazzaniga, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alice Rossi
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zorzi
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Camporese
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Pompanin
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Humanities, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Annachiara Cagnin
- Department of Neurosciences (DNS), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Vezzali L, Di Bernardo GA, Stathi S, Cadamuro A, Lášticová B, Andraščiková S. Secondary transfer effect among children: The role of social dominance orientation and outgroup attitudes. Br J Soc Psychol 2018; 57:547-566. [PMID: 29476537 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research has provided evidence that the effects of intergroup contact on prejudice reduction are not limited to the outgroup one has contact with (primary outgroup). Rather, they extend to secondary outgroups uninvolved in the contact situation (secondary transfer effect; Pettigrew, 2009, Social Psychology, 40, 55). We aimed to provide the first empirical evidence for the emergence of the secondary transfer effect among children. Majority (Italian) and minority (with an immigrant background) elementary schoolchildren were administered a questionnaire including measures of contact with the primary outgroup (minority children for the majority, majority children for the minority), prejudice towards the primary outgroup and towards a dissimilar secondary outgroup (disabled children), and social dominance orientation. Results revealed that among the majority group, contact with the primary outgroup had indirect associations with reduced prejudice towards the secondary outgroup. Specifically, we found evidence for sequential mediation by social dominance orientation and prejudice towards the primary outgroup. No secondary transfer effects emerged among minority group members. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of the findings, arguing for the importance of identifying the core processes driving the secondary transfer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Lášticová
- Institute for research in Social Communication, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia
| | - Simona Andraščiková
- Institute for research in Social Communication, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia.,Faculty of Education, Trnava University in Trnava, Slovakia
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Vezzali L, Andrighetto L, Capozza D, Di Bernardo GA, Saguy T. Discussing differences between groups: The content of intergroup encounters and motivation for social change among members of advantaged groups. J Theo Soc Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jts5.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Bussè C, Anselmi P, Pompanin S, Zorzi G, Fragiacomo F, Camporese G, Di Bernardo GA, Semenza C, Caffarra P, Cagnin A. Specific Verbal Memory Measures May Distinguish Alzheimer’s Disease from Dementia with Lewy Bodies. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59:1009-1015. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Bussè
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Pasquale Anselmi
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Pompanin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zorzi
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Department of Education and Humanities, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Carlo Semenza
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Foundation, Venezia, Italy
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Foundation, Venezia, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Annachiara Cagnin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Foundation, Venezia, Italy
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Vezzali L, Versari A, Cadamuro A, Trifiletti E, Di Bernardo GA. Out-group threats and distress as antecedents of common in-group identity among majority and minority group members in the aftermath of a natural disaster. Int J Psychol 2016; 53:417-425. [DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loris Vezzali
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Annalisa Versari
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Alessia Cadamuro
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Elena Trifiletti
- Department of Philosophy, Education and Psychology; University of Verona; Verona Italy
| | - Gian Antonio Di Bernardo
- Dipartimento di Educazione e Scienze Umane; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
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40
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Vezzali L, Hewstone M, Capozza D, Trifiletti E, Bernardo GAD. Improving Intergroup Relations with Extended Contact among Young Children: Mediation by Intergroup Empathy and Moderation by Direct Intergroup Contact. J Community Appl Soc Psychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vezzali L, Andrighetto L, Di Bernardo GA, Nadi C, Bergamini G. Negative intergroup contact and support for social policies toward the minority outgroup in the aftermath of a natural disaster. J Soc Psychol 2016; 157:407-415. [PMID: 27135136 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2016.1184126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this field study, we tested whether negative intergroup contact experienced by majority (Italian) survivors in the aftermath of the earthquakes that struck Northern Italy in 2012 was associated with policy attitudes toward minority (immigrant) survivors. Results revealed a negative association between negative contact and support for social policies aimed at favoring immigrant survivors. Moreover, social policies toward immigrant survivors mediated the effect of negative contact on social policy attitudes toward the minority group as a whole. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of findings.
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Capozza D, Di Bernardo GA, Falvo R, Vianello R, Calò L. Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities: Do educators assign them a fully human status? J Appl Soc Psychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dora Capozza
- FISPPA Department, Section of Applied Psychology; University of Padova
| | | | - Rossella Falvo
- FISPPA Department, Section of Applied Psychology; University of Padova
| | - Renzo Vianello
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation; University of Padova
| | - Luca Calò
- Healt Services (ULSS) No. 9, Treviso
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Boccato
- Department of Human and Social Sciences; University of Bergamo
| | - Dora Capozza
- FISPPA Department - Applied Psychology Section; University of Padova
| | - Elena Trifiletti
- Department of Philosophy, Education, and Psychology; University of Verona
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Trifiletti
- Department of Philosophy, Education and Psychology; University of Verona
| | | | - Rossella Falvo
- FISPPA Department (Section of Applied Psychology); University of Padova
| | - Dora Capozza
- FISPPA Department (Section of Applied Psychology); University of Padova
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Abstract
Across three studies, we examined whether ingroup status may affect intergroup perceptions of humanity. In Studies 1 and 2, we considered real groups: Northern versus Southern Italians; in Study 3, we manipulated the socioeconomic status of two minimal groups. In all studies, members of higher status groups perceived the ingroup as more human than the outgroup, while members of lower status groups did not assign a privileged human status to the ingroup. Such findings were obtained using different implicit techniques: the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the Go/No-go Association Task (GNAT). Further, results suggest that the different perceptions of humanity may depend on the stereotypic traits generally ascribed to higher and lower status groups. The implications of results for infrahumanization research are discussed.
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