1
|
Biava AM, Cipriani G, Malja E, Bilotta F. Increased risk of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean delivery. J Anesth 2024; 38:145-146. [PMID: 37907690 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-023-03279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Biava
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianni Cipriani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Endrit Malja
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Bilotta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biava AM, Cipriani G, Bilotta F. Neuraxial Labor Analgesia. Anesth Analg 2023; 137:e22-e23. [PMID: 37590805 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Biava
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy,
| | - Gianni Cipriani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy,
| | - Federico Bilotta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Loscalzo Y, Antichi L, Cipriani G, Magi L, Giannini M. Premature Triadic Music Therapy (PT-MT) for babies and their parents: a pilot study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2023; 41:193-212. [PMID: 34520309 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.1979199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to test the feasibility and effectiveness of Premature Triadic Music Therapy (PT-MT) in the premature baby unit. METHODS The design was a clinical pre-test-post-test trial with a convenience sample. Inclusion criteria were a gestational age higher than 28 weeks for preterm infants and the absence of shock or extreme distress for parents. Six preterm children (with a gestational age of 33 to 36 weeks) and their parents participated in the study. For the children, we measured heart rate, blood perfusion, and blood saturation at three different times (pre-PT-MT, during PT-MT, after PT-MT) as quantitative indicators of distress. Their parents completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) before and after the PT-MT intervention. RESULTS We found a statistically significant lower heart rate and a marginally statistically significant higher blood perfusion during PT-MT, as compared to the baseline. However, these changes were not present at the end of PT-MT. The parents' EPDS scores were not statistically significantly lower at the post-test, although, the Medians of the scores did decrease. CONCLUSIONS PT-MT is a promising intervention for the reduction of distress in both parents and children. Further studies should include a higher number of sessions and participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yura Loscalzo
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antichi
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianni Cipriani
- Aim - Associazione Italiana Professionisti Della Musicoterapia [Italian Association of Music Therapy Professionals], Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Letizia Magi
- San Donato Hospital in Arezzo, Neonatology Unit, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Marco Giannini
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Biava AM, Cipriani G, Bilotta F. Is opioid-free analgesia the first tier choice in anesthesia for cesarean delivery? J Anesth 2023; 37:492-493. [PMID: 37004593 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-023-03184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Biava
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianni Cipriani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Villa San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Bilotta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Possamai T, Wiedemann-Merdinoglu S, Lacombe MC, Dorne MA, Merdinoglu D, De Nardi B, Migliaro D, Velasco R, De Mori G, Cipriani G, Testolin R. Phenotyping and genetic analysis of the Caucasian grape resistance to Erysiphe necator. BIO Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20225002010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
Cammisuli D, Danti S, Bosinelli F, Cipriani G. Non-pharmacological interventions for people with Alzheimer's Disease: A critical review of the scientific literature from the last ten years. Eur Geriatr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
10
|
Traini C, Cipriani G, Evangelista S, Santicioli P, Faussone-Pellegrini MS, Vannucchi MG. Chronic treatment with otilonium bromide induces changes in L-type Ca²⁺ channel, tachykinins, and nitric oxide synthase expression in rat colon muscle coat. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 25:e728-39. [PMID: 23901937 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Otilonium bromide (OB) is a quaternary ammonium derivative used for the treatment of intestinal hypermotility and is endowed with neurokinin2 receptor (NK2r) antagonist and Ca²⁺ channel blocker properties. Therefore, the possibility that OB might play a role in the neurokinin receptor/Substance-P/nitric oxide (NKr/SP/NO) circuit was investigated after chronic exposition to the drug. METHODS Rats were treated with OB 2-20 mg kg⁻¹ for 10 and 30 days. In the proximal colon, the expression and distribution of muscle NOsynthase 1 (NOS1), NK1r, NK2r, SP and Cav 1.2 subunit (for L-type Ca²⁺ channel) and the spontaneous activity and stimulated responses to NK1r and NK2r agonists were investigated. KEY RESULTS Immunohistochemistry showed a redistribution of NK1r and L-type Ca²⁺ channel in muscle cells with no change of NK2r at 30 days, a significant increase in muscle NOS1 expression at 10 days and a significant decrease in the SP content early in the ganglia and later in the intramuscular nerve fibers. Functional studies showed no change in spontaneous activity but a significant increase in maximal contraction induced by NK1r agonist. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Chronic exposition to OB significantly affects the NKr/SP/NO circuit. The progressive decrease in SP-expression might be the consequence of the persistent presence of OB, the increase of NOS1 expression in muscle cells at 10 days in an attempt to guarantee an adequate NO production, and, at 30 days, the redistribution of the L-type Ca²⁺ channel and NK1r as a sign to compensate the drug channel block by re-cycling both of them. The physiological data suggest NK1r hypersensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Traini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baccari MC, Traini C, Garella R, Cipriani G, Vannucchi MG. Relaxin exerts two opposite effects on mechanical activity and nitric oxide synthase expression in the mouse colon. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 303:E1142-50. [PMID: 22932783 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00260.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The hormone relaxin exerts a variety of functions on the smooth muscle of reproductive and nonreproductive organs, most of which occur through a nitric oxide (NO)-mediated mechanism. In the stomach and ileum, relaxin causes muscle relaxation by modulating the activity and expression of different nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms region-dependently. Nothing is known on the effects of relaxin in the colon, the gut region expressing the highest number of neuronal (n) NOSβ-immunoreactive neurons and mainly involved in motor symptoms of pregnancy and menstrual cycle. Therefore, we studied the effects of relaxin exposure in the mouse proximal colon in vitro evaluating muscle mechanical activity and NOS isoform expression. The functional experiments showed that relaxin decreases muscle tone and increases amplitude of spontaneous contractions; the immunohistochemical results showed that relaxin increases nNOSβ and endothelial (e) NOS expression in the neurons and decreases nNOSα and eNOS expression in the smooth muscle cells (SMC). We hypothesized that, in the colon, relaxin primarily increases the activity and expression of nNOSβ and eNOS in the neurons, causing a reduction of the muscle tone. The downregulation of nNOSα and eNOS expression in the SMC associated with increased muscle contractility could be the consequence of continuous exposue of these cells to the NO of neuronal origin. These findings may help to better understand the physiology of NO in the gastrointestinal tract and the role that the "relaxin-NO" system plays in motor disorders such as functional bowel disease.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology
- Animals
- Colon/blood supply
- Colon/cytology
- Colon/innervation
- Colon/metabolism
- Colon, Ascending/cytology
- Colon, Ascending/drug effects
- Colon, Ascending/innervation
- Colon, Ascending/metabolism
- Colon, Transverse/cytology
- Colon, Transverse/drug effects
- Colon, Transverse/innervation
- Colon, Transverse/metabolism
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Guanylate Cyclase/antagonists & inhibitors
- In Vitro Techniques
- Interstitial Cells of Cajal/cytology
- Interstitial Cells of Cajal/drug effects
- Interstitial Cells of Cajal/metabolism
- Mechanical Phenomena
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/blood supply
- Muscle, Smooth/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth/innervation
- Muscle, Smooth/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Neurons/cytology
- Neurons/drug effects
- Neurons/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism
- Osmolar Concentration
- Relaxin/metabolism
- Submucous Plexus/cytology
- Submucous Plexus/drug effects
- Submucous Plexus/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Baccari
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cipriani G, Serboiu CS, Gherghiceanu M, Faussone-Pellegrini MS, Vannucchi MG. NK receptors, Substance P, Ano1 expression and ultrastructural features of the muscle coat in Cav-1(-/-) mouse ileum. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 15:2411-20. [PMID: 21535398 PMCID: PMC3822952 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin (Cav)-1 is an integral membrane protein of caveolae playing a crucial role in various signal transduction pathways. Caveolae represent the sites for calcium entry and storage especially in smooth muscle cells (SMC) and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). Cav-1−/− mice lack caveolae and show abnormalities in pacing and contractile activity of the small intestine. Presently, we investigated, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry, whether the absence of Cav-1 in Cav-1−/− mouse small intestine affects ICC, SMC and neuronal morphology, the expression of NK1 and NK2 receptors, and of Ano1 (also called Dog1 or TMEM16A), an essential molecule for slow wave activity in gastrointestinal muscles. ICC were also labelled with c-Kit and tachykinergic neurons with Substance P (SP). In Cav-1−/− mice: (i) ICC were Ano1-negative but maintained c-Kit expression, (ii) NK1 and NK2 receptor immunoreactivity was more intense and, in the SMC, mainly intracytoplasmatic, (iii) SP-immunoreactivity was significantly reduced. Under TEM: (i) ICC, SMC and telocytes lacked typical caveolae but had few and large flask-shaped vesicles we called large-sized caveolae; (ii) SMC and ICC contained an extraordinary high number of mitochondria, (iii) neurons were unchanged. To maintain intestinal motility, loss of caveolae and reduced calcium availability in Cav-1–knockout mice seem to be balanced by a highly increased number of mitochondria in ICC and SMC. Loss of Ano-1 expression, decrease of SP content and consequently overexpression of NK receptors suggest that all these molecules are Cav-1–associated proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cipriani
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Forensic Medicine, Section of Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vannucchi MG, Garella R, Cipriani G, Baccari MC. Relaxin counteracts the altered gastric motility of dystrophic (mdx) mice: functional and immunohistochemical evidence for the involvement of nitric oxide. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2011; 300:E380-91. [PMID: 21081707 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00375.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Impaired gastric motility ascribable to a defective nitric oxide (NO) production has been reported in dystrophic (mdx) mice. Since relaxin upregulates NO biosynthesis, its effects on the motor responses and NO synthase (NOS) expression in the gastric fundus of mdx mice were investigated. Mechanical responses of gastric strips were recorded via force displacement transducers. Evaluation of the three NOS isoforms was performed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Wild-type (WT) and mdx mice were distributed into three groups: untreated, relaxin pretreated, and vehicle pretreated. In strips from both untreated and vehicle-pretreated animals, electrical field stimulation (EFS) elicited contractile responses that were greater in mdx than in WT mice. In carbachol-precontracted strips, EFS induced fast relaxant responses that had a lower amplitude in mdx than in WT mice. Only in the mdx mice did relaxin depress the amplitude of the neurally induced excitatory responses and increase that of the inhibitory ones. In the presence of L-NNA, relaxin was ineffective. In relaxin-pretreated mdx mice, the amplitude of the EFS-induced contractile responses was decreased and that of the fast relaxant ones was increased compared with untreated mdx animals. Responses to methacholine or papaverine did not differ among preparations and were not influenced by relaxin. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting showed a significant decrease in neuronal NOS expression and content in mdx compared with WT mice, which was recovered in the relaxin-pretreated mdx mice. The results suggest that relaxin is able to counteract the altered contractile and relaxant responses in the gastric fundus of mdx mice by upregulating nNOS expression.
Collapse
|
14
|
Cipriani G, Santicioli P, Evangelista S, Maggi CA, Riccadonna S, Ringressi MN, Bechi P, Faussone-Pellegrini MS, Vannucchi MG. Effect of otilonium bromide and ibodutant on the internalization of the NK2 receptor in human colon. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 23:96-102, e10. [PMID: 20879991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01594.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present aim was to study the modulation of NK2 receptor internalization by two compounds, the spasmolytic otilonium bromide (OB) endowed with NK2 receptor antagonistic properties and the selective NK2 receptor antagonist ibodutant. METHODS Full-thickness human colonic segments were incubated in the presence of OB (0.1-10 μmol L(-1)) or ibodutant (0.001-0.1 μmol L(-1)), with or without the NK2 receptor selective agonist [ßAla8]NKA(4-10) and then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Cryosections were processed for NK2 receptor immunohistochemical revelation. Quantitative analysis evaluated the number of the smooth muscle cells that had internalized the NK2 receptor. KEY RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed that in basal condition, the NK2 receptor was internalized in about 23% of total smooth muscle cells. The exposure to the selective NK2 receptor agonist induced internalization of the receptor in more than 77% of the cells. Previous exposure to both OB or ibodutant, either alone or in the presence of the agonist, concentration-dependently reduced the number of the cells with the internalized receptor. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Both OB and ibodutant antagonize the internalization of the NK2 receptor in the human colon. As NK2 receptors are the predominant receptor mediating spasmogenic activity of tachykinins on enteric smooth muscle, we hypothesize that the antagonistic activity found for both OB and ibodutant should play a specific therapeutic role in gut diseases characterized by hypermotility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cipriani
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Forensic Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- F Baldacci
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Neri B, Cipriani G, Grifoni R, Molinara E, Pantaleo P, Rangan S, Vannini A, Tonelli P, Valeri A, Pantalone D, Taddei A, Bechi P. Gemcitabine Plus Irinotecan as First-Line Weekly Therapy in Locally Advanced and/or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer. Oncol Res 2009; 17:559-64. [DOI: 10.3727/096504009789745610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
17
|
Sargent DJ, Cipriani G, Vilanova S, Gil-Ariza D, Arús P, Simpson DW, Tobutt KR, Monfort A. The development of a bin mapping population and the selective mapping of 103 markers in the diploid Fragaria reference map. Genome 2008; 51:120-7. [PMID: 18356946 DOI: 10.1139/g07-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a set of plants (the bin set) to permit "selective" or "bin" mapping using the diploid strawberry mapping population FV x FN, derived from the F2 cross F. vesca 815 x F. nubicola 601, which has been used to develop the Fragaria reference map. The bin set consists of 8 plants: the F. vesca 815 parent, the F1 hybrid individual, and 6 seedlings of the F2 population. This bin set divides the 578 cM of the diploid Fragaria genome into 46 bins, the largest mapping bin being 26 cM in length and the average bin size being 12.6 cM. To validate the FV x FN bin set, we used it to locate 103 loci into bins on the FV x FN map. These loci comprised 61 previously described SSRs, 38 new SSRs developed in this investigation from Fragaria x ananassa genomic DNA, EST and gene sequences, and 4 ripening-related genes developed for Prunus. The 103 markers were located to bins on all 7 linkage groups of the Fragaria map and a new mapping bin was identified with the novel markers, demonstrating that the map covers the majority of the diploid Fragaria genome and that the 6 bin-set seedlings selected were appropriate for bin mapping using this progeny.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Sargent
- East Malling Research, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Hemicrania continua (HC) is an indomethacin-responsive headache characterized by a chronic, strictly unilateral, side-locked without side-shifting, persistent headache. We report three cases of HC with atypical features in which an acute administration of indomethacin 50 mg IM (INDOTEST) was performed. In all three cases INDOTEST predicted chronic responsiveness to indomethacin. Thus, in cases of HC with atypical features, INDOTEST could help for a correct diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Baldacci
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of personality changes in patients with dementia has received little systematic investigation, although caregivers report personality modifications in every phase of dementia. METHODS A group of 52 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) vs. a group of fifteen control subjects were selected for these personality tests before and after the manifestation of dementia using an Italian version of Brooks and McKinaly's Personality Inventory (PI). RESULTS After the onset of AD, a significant shift from positive to negative characteristics in PI was observed in 12 of 18 bipolar pairs of adjectives constituting the instrument and the total mean PI score decreased significantly (p < 0.001), indicating a substantial worsening of personality profile. In the control group however, evaluated before and after retirement, personality traits and total mean PI score did not show a significant change. The association of personality traits and total PI score with demographic, cognitive and functional characteristics of AD patients was calculated. CONCLUSION Personality changes have been depicted to be influenced by severity of cognitive, functional and behavioural complaints rather than age, sex, education and disease duration. These first applications of the Italian version of PI confirmed that personality modifications make a consistent aspect of the phenomenology of AD although in the negative direction. Further studies are needed to understand the nature of personality changes in dementia and the utility of PI to investigate these changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Talassi
- Department of Medicine, Istituto Clinico S. Anna, Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Neurosarcoidosis occurs in 5-15% of sarcoidosis cases. Approximately 50% of patients with neurosarcoidosis present with a neurological disease at the time sarcoidosis is first diagnosed. Spinal sarcoidosis is rare. We report the case of a 61-year-old man with a highly aspecific intramedullary lesion as the first manifestation of sarcoidosis. One year after the onset of neurological symptoms, the high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme and the results of a total body gallium scan and bronchoalveolar lavage supported the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Isolated single reports indicate that spinal neurosarcoidosis may be the initial manifestation of sarcoidosis. In our case, magnetic resonance imaging of the dorsal spine showed a largely aspecific lesion. Neurosarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intramedullary cord lesion with leptomeningeal enhancement; a systematic search for evidence of sarcoidosis should be mandatory in all cases for a correct diagnosis and early treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Caneparo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Di Gaspero G, Cipriani G, Adam-Blondon AF, Testolin R. Linkage maps of grapevine displaying the chromosomal locations of 420 microsatellite markers and 82 markers for R-gene candidates. Theor Appl Genet 2007; 114:1249-63. [PMID: 17380315 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-007-0516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetic maps functionally oriented towards disease resistance have been constructed in grapevine by analysing with a simultaneous maximum-likelihood estimation of linkage 502 markers including microsatellites and resistance gene analogs (RGAs). Mapping material consisted of two pseudo-testcrosses, 'Chardonnay' x 'Bianca' and 'Cabernet Sauvignon' x '20/3' where the seed parents were Vitis vinifera genotypes and the male parents were Vitis hybrids carrying resistance to mildew diseases. Individual maps included 320-364 markers each. The simultaneous use of two mapping crosses made with two pairs of distantly related parents allowed mapping as much as 91% of the markers tested. The integrated map included 420 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers that identified 536 SSR loci and 82 RGA markers that identified 173 RGA loci. This map consisted of 19 linkage groups (LGs) corresponding to the grape haploid chromosome number, had a total length of 1,676 cM and a mean distance between adjacent loci of 3.6 cM. Single-locus SSR markers were randomly distributed over the map (CD = 1.12). RGA markers were found in 18 of the 19 LGs but most of them (83%) were clustered on seven LGs, namely groups 3, 7, 9, 12, 13, 18 and 19. Several RGA clusters mapped to chromosomal regions where phenotypic traits of resistance to fungal diseases such as downy mildew and powdery mildew, bacterial diseases such as Pierce's disease, and pests such as dagger and root-knot nematode, were previously mapped in different segregating populations. The high number of RGA markers integrated into this new map will help find markers linked to genetic determinants of different pest and disease resistances in grape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Di Gaspero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 208, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Doligez A, Adam-Blondon AF, Cipriani G, Di Gaspero G, Laucou V, Merdinoglu D, Meredith CP, Riaz S, Roux C, This P. An integrated SSR map of grapevine based on five mapping populations. Theor Appl Genet 2006; 113:369-82. [PMID: 16799809 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-006-0295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2005] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A grapevine (mainly Vitis vinifera L., 2n = 38) composite genetic map was constructed with CarthaGene using segregation data from five full-sib populations of 46, 95, 114, 139 and 153 individuals, to determine the relative position of a large set of molecular markers. This consensus map comprised 515 loci (502 SSRs and 13 other type PCR-based markers), amplified using 439 primer pairs (426 SSRs and 13 others) with 50.1% common markers shared by at least two crosses. Out of all loci, 257, 85, 74, 69 and 30 were mapped in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 individual mapping populations, respectively. Marker order was generally well conserved between maps of individual populations, with only a few significant differences in the recombination rate of marker pairs between two or more populations. The total length of the integrated map was 1,647 cM Kosambi covering 19 linkage groups, with a mean distance between neighbour loci of 3.3 cM. A framework-integrated map was also built, with marker order supported by a LOD of 2.0. It included 257 loci spanning 1,485 cM Kosambi with a mean inter-locus distance of 6.2 cM over 19 linkage groups. These integrated maps are the most comprehensive SSR-based maps available so far in grapevine and will serve either for choosing markers evenly scattered over the whole genome or for selecting markers that cover particular regions of interest. The framework map is also a useful starting point for the integration of the V. vinifera physical and genetic maps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Doligez
- INRA, UMR DGPC 1097, équipe Génétique Vigne, bâtiment 6, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier Cedex 1, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Capogna G, Celleno D, Sebastiani M, Muratori F, Costantino P, Cipriani G, Passarelli F, Varrassi G. Propofol and thiopentone for caesarean section revisited: maternal effects and neonatal outcome. Int J Obstet Anesth 2006; 1:19-23. [PMID: 15636791 DOI: 10.1016/0959-289x(91)90025-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In 56 women undergoing elective caesarean section, general anaesthesia was induced with either propofol 1% or thiopentone 2.5% followed by 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen and isoflurane 0.75% until delivery. In the thiopentone group the arterial pressure rose following tracheal intubation and skin incision, while in the propofol group there was a significant tendency to hypotension immediately following induction of anaesthesia. There were differences in electroencephalogram (EEG) between the groups, while laryngoscopy, intubation and surgical stimulation had no effect on EEG pattern. Recovery after anaesthesia did not differ between groups. None of the patients had recall of the intraoperative period, but 53% of patients induced with propofol showed signs of light anaesthesia between induction and delivery. Neonates in the propofol group had lower Apgar scores 1 min after birth than those in the thiopentone group, but these differences were no longer significant at 5 min. No differences were noted in neurobehavioural status at 1, 4 and 24 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Capogna
- Department of Anaesthesia, Fatebenefratelli General Hospital, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Verde I, Lauria M, Dettori MT, Vendramin E, Balconi C, Micali S, Wang Y, Marrazzo MT, Cipriani G, Hartings H, Testolin R, Abbott AG, Motto M, Quarta R. Microsatellite and AFLP markers in the Prunus persica [L. (Batsch)]xP. ferganensis BC(1)linkage map: saturation and coverage improvement. Theor Appl Genet 2005; 111:1013-21. [PMID: 16088395 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2005] [Accepted: 05/20/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A set of 146 single sequence repeats (SSRs) and 14 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations were used to enrich a previously developed linkage map obtained from a (Prunus persicaxP. ferganensis)xP. persica BC(1) progeny. Forty-one SSR primer pairs gave polymorphic patterns detecting 42 loci. The restriction/selective primer AFLP combinations produced a total of 79 segregating fragments. The resulting map is composed of 216 loci covering 665 cM with an average distance of 3.1 cM. Novel regions were covered by the newly mapped loci for a total of 159 cM. Eight linkage groups were assembled instead of the earlier 10 as two small groups (G1a and G8b), previously independent, were joined to their respective major groups (G1b and G8a). Several gaps were also reduced resulting in an improved saturation of the map. Twelve gaps >or=10 cm are still present. A comparative analysis against the Prunus reference map (71 anchor loci) pointed out an almost complete synteny and colinearity. Six loci were not syntenic and only two were not colinear. Genetic distances were significantly longer in our map than in the reference one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Verde
- Istituto Sperimentale per la Frutticoltura (CRA), Via di Fioranello 52, Ciampino Aeroporto, 00040 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moroni F, Cozzi A, Carpendo R, Cipriani G, Veneroni O, Izzo E. Kynurenine 3-mono-oxygenase inhibitors reduce glutamate concentration in the extracellular spaces of the basal ganglia but not in those of the cortex or hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2005; 48:788-95. [PMID: 15829251 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2004] [Revised: 09/11/2004] [Accepted: 10/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Kynurenine 3-mono-oxygenase (KMO, kynurenine hydroxylase) inhibitors increase brain kynurenic acid (KYNA) synthesis and cause pharmacological actions possibly mediated by a reduced activity of excitatory synapses. We used in vivo microdialysis and passive avoidance to study the effects of local KYNA or systemic KMO inhibitor administration on glutamate (GLU) neurotransmission. Local application of KYNA (30-100 nM) through reverse microdialysis reduced GLU content in caudate and cortical dialysates by 75 and 55%, respectively. No changes were found in the hippocampus. Systemic administration of Ro 61-8048 (4-40 mg/kg) increased KYNA levels in dialysates obtained from the cortex (from 10.3 +/- 1.9 to 45.5 +/- 15 nM), caudate (from 2.4 +/- 0.8 to 9.5 +/- 0.9 nM) and hippocampus (from 7.7 +/- 1.7 to 19.2 +/- 3.5 nM). It also caused a parallel robust decrease in GLU levels in the dialysates collected from the caudate (from 2.2 +/- 0.5 to 0.63 +/- 0.05 microM) but not in those collected from the parietal cortex or the hippocampus. In a passive avoidance paradigm, the administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg) reduced, while Ro 61-8048 (4-80 mg/kg) did not change the latency time of entering into the dark compartment on the recall trial. Our data show that KMO inhibitors increase brain KYNA synthesis and selectively reduce GLU extracellular concentration in the basal ganglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Moroni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- G Cipriani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate School in Oncology, MCIDNENT, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Neri B, Cipriani G, Fulignati C, Turrini M, Ponchietti R, Bartoletti R, Della Melina A, Di Cello V, Dominici A, Maleci D, Raugei A, Villari D, Nicita G. Weekly paclitaxel and epirubicin in the treatment of symptomatic hormone-refractory advanced prostate carcinoma: report of a phase II trial. Anticancer Drugs 2005; 16:63-6. [PMID: 15613906 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-200501000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of weekly paclitaxel in androgen-independent prostate cancer and its addictive cytotoxicity with anthracycline derivatives led us to determine the safety and efficacy of a weekly schedule of paclitaxel and epirubicin. Between October 2000 and November 2002, 32 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients characteristics included a median age of 72 years (range 68-77), adequate hepatic, cardiac, renal and bone marrow functions, ECOG performance status of 1-2, and no prior chemotherapy. All patients had received hormonal manipulation and seven patients (22%) had received prior palliative radiation therapy. The regimen consisted of paclitaxel 70 mg/m2 i.v. infusion for 2 h and epirubicin 30 mg/m2 in bolus every week. Treatment was continued for 3 months or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity were observed. During the study, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was monitored and response was defined as a 50% reduction in PSA levels, to be confirmed 4 weeks later. Thirty-one patients were evaluable for toxicity and 21 for objective response. Seventeen patients (57%) had a decline above 50% in PSA level that lasted more than 4 weeks with a median time to PSA progression and a median duration of PSA response of approximately 5.5 months. Ten of the 21 patients with measurable disease (47%) had a confirmed objective response (one complete response and 20 partial responses). Thirteen of 25 symptomatic patients (56 %) had improvement in pain. The median time to disease progression was 7.6 months and the median survival was 12.9. The most prominent grade 3 toxicities were reversible myelosuppression and fatigue. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and peripheral edema were minimal. No evidence of cardiac toxicity was recorded. Alopecia was frequent, but reversible, in all patients. We conclude that despite the small sample size, this study demonstrates that the combination of weekly paclitaxel and epirubicin is a well-tolerated regimen for androgen-independent prostate cancer. The results imply that a combination of these agents in a weekly schedule may have clinical potential in prostate cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Neri
- Department of Internal Medicine-Experimental and Clinical Oncology Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Di Gaspero G, Cipriani G. Nucleotide binding site/leucine-rich repeats, Pto-like and receptor-like kinases related to disease resistance in grapevine. Mol Genet Genomics 2003; 269:612-23. [PMID: 12884009 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-003-0884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2003] [Accepted: 06/08/2003] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide Binding Site/Leucine-Rich Repeat (NBS-LRR) and Serine/Threonine Kinase (STK) genes are two of the known classes of resistance (R-) genes in plants, and occur in large multigene families. Systematic identification of genes for NBS-LRRs and STKs provides a means of access to genomic regions that may be involved in disease resistance. Here we present a picture of these two families of R-gene analogs (RGAs) in grape with the aim of developing a set of resistance-related sequence-tagged-site (STS) markers. One hundred and three NBS-LRR sequences were isolated. They included members of the CC (coiled-coil) and TIR (Toll-interleukin receptor) sub-classes. A comparative analysis with other angiosperm NBSs is provided. Fifty-three genes for receptor-like kinases (RLKs) with serine/threonine specificity were identified. RLK sequences formed a putative monophyletic group within the kinase superfamily. They were similar to both cytoplasmic RLKs, such as Pto, and RLKs with LRR, S-locus, lectin-like and thaumatin-like extracellular binding-domains. The latter resembled the products of the R-related genes Xa21, FLS2, Rlk10, SFR2, and PR5K. Forty-five reference RGAs were converted into STSs by using appropriately designed specific primers. RGA-STSs were present in diverse grape genotypes, and >85% of the primers were capable of amplifying the STSs across the taxa Vitis and Muscadinia. DNA sequence polymorphism among these RGAs was assessed by SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis in over 20 Vitis spp. Finally, 45 universal primers for grape RGAs are proposed that should permit tagging of R-related regions in any grape genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Di Gaspero
- Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie, Università di Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Belaj A, Satovic Z, Cipriani G, Baldoni L, Testolin R, Rallo L, Trujillo I. Comparative study of the discriminating capacity of RAPD, AFLP and SSR markers and of their effectiveness in establishing genetic relationships in olive. Theor Appl Genet 2003; 107:736-744. [PMID: 12819908 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-003-1301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2002] [Accepted: 12/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
RAPDs, AFLPs and SSRs were compared in terms of their informativeness and efficiency in a study of genetic diversity and relationships among 32 olive cultivars cultivated in Italy and Spain. SSRs presented a higher level of polymorphism and a greater information content, as assessed by the expected heterozygosity, than AFLPs and RAPDs. The lowest values of expected heterozygosity were obtained for AFLPs, which, nevertheless were the most efficient marker system due to their capacity to reveal the highest number of bands per reaction and because of the high values achieved for a considerable number of indexes. All three techniques discriminated the genotypes very effectively, but only SSRs were able to discriminate the cultivars Frantoio and Cellina. The correlation coefficients of similarity were statistically significant for all three marker systems used but were lower for the SSR data than for RAPDs and AFLPs. For all markers a high similarity in dendrogram topologies was obtained although some differences were observed. All the dendrograms, including that obtained by the combined use of all the marker data, reflect some relationships for most of the cultivars according to their geographic diffusion. AMOVA analysis detected greater genetic differentiation among cultivars within each country than it did between the two countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Belaj
- Departamento de Agronomía, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba. Ave. Ménendez Pídal s/n, Apdo 3048, 14080 Córdoba, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Aranzana MJ, Pineda A, Cosson P, Dirlewanger E, Ascasibar J, Cipriani G, Ryder CD, Testolin R, Abbott A, King GJ, Iezzoni AF, Arús P. A set of simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering the Prunus genome. Theor Appl Genet 2003; 106:819-825. [PMID: 12647055 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2002] [Accepted: 08/06/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A set of 109 microsatellite primer pairs recently developed for peach and cherry have been studied in the almond x peach F(2) progeny previously used to construct a saturated Prunus map containing mainly restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. All but one gave amplification products, and 87 (80%) segregated in the progeny and detected 96 loci. The resulting Prunus map contains a total of 342 markers covering a total distance of 522 cM. The approximate position of nine additional simple sequence repeats (SSRs) was established by comparison with other almond and peach maps. SSRs were placed in all the eight linkage groups of this map, and their distribution was relatively even, providing a genome-wide coverage with an average density of 5.4 cM/SSR. Twenty-four single-locus SSRs, highly polymorphic in peach, and each falling within 24 evenly spaced approximately 25-cM regions covering the whole Prunus genome, are proposed as a 'genotyping set' useful as a reference for fingerprinting, pedigree and genetic analysis of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Aranzana
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Departament de Genética Vegetal, Carretera de Cabrils s/n, 08348 Cabrils (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Di Gaspero G, Cipriani G. Resistance gene analogs are candidate markers for disease-resistance genes in grape ( Vitis spp.). Theor Appl Genet 2002; 106:163-172. [PMID: 12582885 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-002-1062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2001] [Accepted: 04/09/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A set of NBS-containing sequences was isolated from genomic DNA of two grape species ( Vitis amurensis and Vitis riparia) and characterised in a panel of Vitis genotypes carrying different levels of resistance against downy mildew and other diseases. A PCR-mediated approach made use of degenerate primers designed on conserved regions encoding known R-genes, and provided the source for cloning grape analogous sequences. Cloned sequences were digested with ten endonucleases and 29 out of 71 putative recombinant clones, which showed unique restriction patterns, were sequenced. Using a threshold value of 40% identity, at least 12 grape NBS-sequences had a high overall similarity with known R-genes, such as the Arabidopsis gene RPS5 and the tobacco gene N. The presence of internal conserved motifs provided evidence that sequences isolated from grape may belong to the NBS-LRR gene family. A cluster analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence and carried out on grape NBS-sequences, together with several analogous domains of known R-genes, classified grape sequences into three major groups. A grape sequence of each group was used as a probe on Southern blots with digested genomic DNA from resistant and susceptible grapes. One of the NBS-containing probes showed a clear-cut separation between resistant species and susceptible varieties. This evidence makes the probe a candidate marker for disease resistance genes in Vitis germplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Di Gaspero
- Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bellelli G, Lucchi E, Cipriani G, Frisoni GB, Trabucchi M. Executive dysfunction and depressive symptoms in cerebrovascular disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2002; 73:462-3. [PMID: 12235328 PMCID: PMC1738079 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.73.4.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
33
|
Cipriani G, Marrazzo MT, Marconi R, Cimato A, Testolin R. Microsatellite markers isolated in olive ( Olea europaea L.) are suitable for individual fingerprinting and reveal polymorphism within ancient cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 2002; 104:223-228. [PMID: 12582690 DOI: 10.1007/s001220100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated and sequenced 52 microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from nearly 60 positive clones obtained from two 'Frantoio' olive genomic libraries enriched in (AC/GT) and (AG/CT) repeats, respectively. The repeat-containing fragments obtained from genomic DNA restricted with Tsp509I were separated using a biotinylated probe bound to streptavidin-coated paramagnetic beads. Fragments were then cloned into lambda ZAPII vector and sequenced. Thirty of the 36 primer pairs which gave correct re-amplification in the source genome were used to assay the polymorphism of 12 olive cultivars, namely four well-known cultivars ('Coratina', 'Frantoio', 'Leccino', 'Pendolino') and eight ancient cultivars grown locally near Lake Garda ('Casaliva', 'Favarol', 'Fort', 'Grignan', 'Less', 'Raza', 'Rossanel', 'Trep'). The local cultivars were each re- presented by two to four long-lived individuals. The analysis was carried out using (33)P-labelled primers and 6% polyacrylamide sequencing gels. All except two microsatellites showed polymorphism, the number of alleles varying from 1 to 5. The average genetic diversity ( H) was 0.55. The power of discrimination ( PD) was 0.60. All cultivars, including the local ones, were easily separated from each other. Variations in the SSR pattern were observed among individual plants of the same cultivar in four out of the eight local cultivars analysed. Several primer pairs (17%) amplified more than one locus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G. Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Produzione vegetale e tecnologie agrarie, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Testolin R, Marrazzo T, Cipriani G, Quarta R, Verde I, Dettori MT, Pancaldi M, Sansavini S. Microsatellite DNA in peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) and its use in fingerprinting and testing the genetic origin of cultivars. Genome 2000; 43:512-20. [PMID: 10902716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
We isolated and sequenced 26 microsatellites from two genomic libraries of peach cultivar 'Redhaven', enriched for AC/GT and AG/CT repeats, respectively. For 17 of these microsatellites, it was possible to demonstrate Mendelian inheritance. Microsatellite polymorphism was assayed in 50 peach and nectarine cultivars. Of the 1300 PCRs carried out, all but two produced amplified products of the expected size. All microsatellites were polymorphic, showing 2-8 alleles per locus. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.04-0.74 (mean 0.47); the discrimination power (PD) ranged from 0.04-0.84 (mean 0.60). Cultivar heterozygosity varied greatly, with one cultivar ('Independence') being homozygous at all loci. The set of microsatellites discriminated all cultivars investigated, except several sport mutations, i.e., 'Dixitime' vs. 'Springcrest', 'Compact Redhaven' vs. 'Redhaven', and two pairs of cultivars, 'Venus' vs. 'Orion' and 'Elegant Lady' vs. 'Rome Star', whose pedigrees are controversial. We were able to analyze the paternity of several cultivars. In most cases, the parenthood was confirmed. The comparison of three long-living 'Redhaven' accessions supplied by different repositories did not provide any evidence of somatic instability of microsatellites. Hence, microsatellites, ranked according to their information content, are recommended as markers of choice for peach fingerprinting and suggestions are provided for interpreting band profiles and the correct sizing of alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Testolin
- Dipartimento di Produzione vegetale e tecnologie agrarie, University of Udine, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Migliore L, Botto N, Scarpato R, Petrozzi L, Cipriani G, Bonuccelli U. Preferential occurrence of chromosome 21 malsegregation in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Alzheimer disease patients. Cytogenet Cell Genet 2000; 87:41-6. [PMID: 10640809 DOI: 10.1159/000015389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To further investigate our finding of high levels of spontaneous aneuploidy in somatic cells of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (Migliore et al. 1997), we studied the molecular cytogenetics of eight patients with sporadic AD and six healthy controls of similar age. Cytochalasin B-blocked binucleated peripheral blood lymphocytes from the AD patients and unaffected controls were used to measure micronucleus induction or other aneuploidy events, such as the presence of malsegregation in interphase nuclei (representing chromosome loss and gain). Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with differential labeled DNA probes was applied. We used a probe specific for the centromeres of chromosomes 13 and 21 combined with a single cosmid for the Down's syndrome region (21q22.2) to obtain information on spontaneous chromosome loss and gain frequencies for both chromosomes (13 and 21). FISH data showed that AD lymphocytes had higher frequencies of chromosome loss (evaluated as fluorescently labeled micronuclei) for both chromosomes, as well as higher frequencies of aneuploid interphase nuclei, again involving both chromosomes, compared to control lymphocytes. However, aneuploidy for chromosome 21 was more frequent than for chromosome 13 in AD patients. This preferential occurrence of chromosome 21 in malsegregation in somatic cells of AD patients raises the hypothesis that mosaicism for trisomy of chromosome 21 could underlie the dementia phenotype in AD patients, as well as in elderly Down's syndrome patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Migliore
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Uomo e dell'Ambiente, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wegrzyn T, Reilly K, Cipriani G, Murphy P, Newcomb R, Gardner R, MacRae E. A novel alpha-amylase gene is transiently upregulated during low temperature exposure in apple fruit. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:1313-22. [PMID: 10691968 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An alpha-amylase gene product was isolated from apple fruit by reverse-transcriptase PCR using redundant primers, followed by 5' and 3' RACE. The gene is a member of a small gene family. It encodes a putative 46.9 kDa protein that is most similar to an alpha-amylase gene from potato (GenBank accession M79328). In apple fruit this new gene was expressed at low levels, as detected by reverse-transcriptase PCR, in a number of plant tissues and during fruit development. Highest levels of mRNA for this transcript were observed 3 to 9 days after placing apple fruit at 0.5 degrees C. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequence places the potato and apple proteins as a distinct and separate new subgroup within the plant alpha-amylases, which appears to have diverged prior to the split between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. These two divergent alpha-amylases lack the standard signal peptide structures found in all other plant alpha-amylases, and have sequence differences within the B-domain and C-domain. However, comparisons with structures of known starch hydrolases suggest that these differences are unlikely to affect the enzymatic alpha-1,4-amylase function of the protein. This is the first report of upregulation of a dicotyledonous alpha-amylase in response to low temperature, and confirms the presence of a new family of alpha-amylases in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Wegrzyn
- The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand, Mt. Albert Research Centre, Auckland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cipriani G, Testolin R, Gardner R. Restriction-site variation of PCR-amplified chloroplast DNA regions and its implication for the evolution and taxonomy of Actinidia. Theor Appl Genet 1998; 96:389-96. [PMID: 24710877 DOI: 10.1007/s001220050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Twenty six restriction sites from five PCR-amplified chloroplast DNA sequences (rbcL, psbA, rpoB, and two spacers flanking the trnL gene) were mapped and analysed in 20 Actinidia taxa, encompassing all four sections into which the genus is divided. At least three species out of the 20 examined have been found to have originated through natural interspecific hybridisation on the basis of the discrepancy between morphological and biochemical traits and the cpDNA profiles of pairs of species. A widely reticulate evolution has therefore been postulated in Actinidia. Wagner and weighted parsimony analysis produced consensus trees that did not match the traditional taxonomy based on morphological characters. The molecular data clearly showed that some taxa, such as A. rufa and A. kolomikta, occupy a wrong position and most, if not all, of the traditional groups represented by sections and series are weakly supported, since they appear as polyphyletic. A. chinensis and A. deliciosa were confirmed to be very closely related. Since chloroplast DNA is paternally inherited in Actinidia, A. chinensis is a paternal progenitor, if not the only one, of A. deliciosa, the domesticated kiwifruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Produzione vegetale e tecnologie agrarie, University of Udine, Via delle scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy Fax: +39 432 558603 E-mail: , IT
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Borgia MC, Leucci E, Ciarla E, De Paola G, Serpietri A, Cipriani G, Lionetti M, Puletti M, Nigri A. [The ocular fundus in ischemic cardiopathy]. Minerva Cardioangiol 1997; 45:229-34. [PMID: 9273474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aims to correlate retina vessel alteration with the possible presence of coronary alteration in the same patient. METHODS For this purpose 103 patients have been studied. Of these, 63 had symptoms of coronary heart disease while the remaining 40 were used as a control. 29 patients, out of the 63, were also afflicted with angine while 34 had previously had myocardial infarction. Eye fundus tests and coronarography have been carried out, and risk factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and smoking have been investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS This work shows that there is a close correlation between a positive eye fundus and coronarography alteration whereas a negative one is not incompatible with organic lesions. A positive eye fundus due to alteration of retina microcirculation can be indicative of atherosclerosis in symptomatic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Borgia
- Istituto di Clinica Oculistica, UTIC-II Clinica Medica, Università degli Studi di Roma, La Sapienza
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Bianco F, Pinto L, Cipriani G, Bertolini R, Sinatti P, Benini B. [Atypical tracheal intubation]. G Chir 1996; 17:416-7. [PMID: 9004837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Bianco
- Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale S. Camillo De Lellis, Roma
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bianco F, Cipriani G, Pinto L, Bertolini R, Macarone Palmieri R, Benini B. [Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. A case report]. G Chir 1996; 17:339-41. [PMID: 9272975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Bianco
- Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale S. Camillo, De Lellis, Roma
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cipriani G, Testolin R, Morgante M. Paternal inheritance of plastids in interspecific hybrids of the genus Actinidia revealed by PCR-amplification of chloroplast DNA fragments. Mol Gen Genet 1995; 247:693-7. [PMID: 7616960 DOI: 10.1007/bf00290400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
RFLPs (restriction fragment length polymorphisms) of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) -amplified fragments were used to trace the pattern of plastid DNA inheritance in the genus Actinidia. A total of 51 progeny originating from interspecific crosses between three A. arguta cultivars and A. deliciosa, the kiwifruit, and 12 progeny originating from the cross between A. kolomikta and A. chinensis were analysed together with their parents. No reciprocal crosses could be tested since they all failed to set viable seeds. Attempts to rescue immature embryos failed in all cases as well. The A. argutaXA. deliciosa crosses were checked for the RFLP patterns of a sequence encoding part of the Rubisco large subunit (rbcL), using either AluI or MseI, and for a sequence encoding part of the photosystem II D1 protein (psbA), using HinfI. The A. kolomiktaXA. chinensis cross was checked for the RFLP patterns of sequences encoding the spacers between trnT and the 5'-trnL exon (a-b spacer DNA) and the trnL 3' exon and trnF (e-f spacer DNA), respectively. The first spacer revealed a natural polymorphism between the two parent species due to a large deletion occurring in A. kolomikta detectable without further restriction enzyme treatment. The e-f spacer DNA was digested with HinfI. The comparison of the RFLP patterns in the parents and their progeny showed a strictly paternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA in Actinidia, with no exception found in any of the crosses examined. As the reciprocal crosses were not available, we do not know whether paternal inheritance of plastids is restricted to the crosses we analysed or if this is the general rule for plastid inheritance in the genus Actinidia. Actinidia is dioecious and is the first purely outbreeding species for which a paternal plastid inheritance has so far been documented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Produzione vegetale e tecnologie agrarie, University of Udine, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Borgia C, De Paola G, Ciarla E, Margutti V, Cipriani G, Borgia MC. [Cigarette smoking and acute myocardial infarct]. Minerva Cardioangiol 1993; 41:563-7. [PMID: 8139775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The study examined a group of 150 patients with acute myocardial infarction aged under 60 years old. The subjects examined were divided into smokers and non-smokers; smokers were further subdivided into three groups: those smoking less than 20, between 20 and 40 and more than 40 cigarettes a day. Furthermore, they were divided into two groups aged under or over 40. The following parameters were evaluated and compared: the method of onset of acute myocardial infarction, the site of infarction, the presence or absence of the Q wave on the ECG, the presence of angina before and after acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmia during the acute phase and during hospitalisation, mortality during the first 10 days of hospitalisation. The results showed that cigarette smoking is a major risk factor able to influence the age of onset of acute myocardial infarction, especially if over 20 cigarettes a day, whereas it has no influence on clinical history and early death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Borgia
- Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Clinica Medica II
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pellicelli AM, Barba J, Huelmos A, Cipriani G, Borgia MC. [Correction of transposition of great vessels with and without associated congenital defects. Description of two clinical cases]. Minerva Cardioangiol 1993; 41:153-6. [PMID: 8332272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe two cases of corrected transposition of great vessel (L Transposition). The first case was diagnosed in a man of 70 years old and was not associated with other congenital defects. The second case regards a young man of 16 years old and congenital cardiopathy was associated with interventricular defect and left Ebstein disease. We discuss the different evolution of L Transposition according to the presence or not of other congenital defects and we analyse right ventricle behaviour when it is submitted systemic pressure. In the literature only 26 cases of L Transposition were described in patients over 40 years old. The first case represents a rarity and it shows how in the absence of associated congenital defects, the right ventricle is able to adapt to systemic pressure. Bidimensional echocardiography in the method of choice to diagnose and evaluate congenital cardiopathy in adult age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Pellicelli
- Dipartimento di Cardiologia, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Roma
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Capogna G, Celleno D, Varrassi G, Emanuelli M, Sebastiani M, Muratori F, Cipriani G, Tomassetti M. Epidural mepivacaine for cesarean section: effects of a pH-adjusted solution. J Clin Anesth 1991; 3:211-4; discussion 214-5. [PMID: 1652265 DOI: 10.1016/0952-8180(91)90161-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical effects of the alkalinization of 2% mepivacaine with epinephrine used for epidural block during cesarean section. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (standard commercial preparation of 2% mepivacaine with epinephrine) study. SETTING Inpatient obstetric department at a general hospital. PATIENTS Seventy patients scheduled for elective cesarean section under epidural anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS Two groups of 35 patients each receiving either the standard commercial preparation of mepivacaine or the pH-adjusted solution (prepared with the addition of 0.1 meq/ml of sodium bicarbonate to the standard commercial solution). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Measurements of sensory (pinprick) and motor (Bromage's criteria) block were taken at 1- to 2-minute intervals beginning after the completion of the epidural injection. Increasing the pH of the mepivacaine resulted in a significant shortening of the time of analgesia onset (9.3 minutes compared with 16.01 minutes, p less than 0.01) and of peak effect (11.1 minutes compared with 21.2 minutes, p less than 0.01). The alkalinization did not affect duration of the block, intensity of motor block, or mean dose of local anesthetic used. CONCLUSION The alkalinization allowed the surgery to proceed more rapidly, significantly decreasing the time interval between epidural block and delivery of the infant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Capogna
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina General Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Celleno D, Muratori F, Capogna G, Cipriani G, Emanuelli M, Sebastiani M, Costantino P, Varrassi G. [Post-operative analgesia with sub-arachnoid fentanyl: ventilatory effects in elderly patients]. Minerva Anestesiol 1991; 57:131-6. [PMID: 1922860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Twenty eight elderly patients scheduled for urologic surgery were randomly assigned to receive in a double blind fashion subarachnoid hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg with the addition of 50 micrograms (group A, n = 7), 25 micrograms (group B, n = 7), 12.5 micrograms (group C, n = 7), of fentanyl or 1 ml of saline (group D, n = 7) for a total volume of 4 ml. The pattern of breathing and the ventilatory response to CO2 were studied before 90, 150, 480 minutes after the subarachnoid injection. In group A mild pruritus and sedation occurred in 5 patients, nausea, vomiting and periodic breathing occurred in 2 patients. In group B mild pruritus and sedation were observed in 4 patients, nausea, vomiting in 2 patients. No significant changes in VE, Vt/Ti and Ti/Ttot were observed between the groups. Patients receiving 50 micrograms of fentanyl showed a slope VE/PET CO2 significantly below baseline values at 90 and 150 minutes (p less than 0.05). In this group the baseline values were restored after 480 minutes. No side effects were observed in group C and D. 25 micrograms fo fentanyl is the only dose with a significant analgesic effect without any respiratory depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Celleno
- Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli Isola, Tiberina, Roma
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Celleno D, Capogna G, Sebastiani M, Costantino P, Muratori F, Cipriani G, Emanuelli M. Epidural analgesia during and after cesarean delivery. Comparison of five opioids. Reg Anesth 1991; 16:79-83. [PMID: 1675119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind study was designed to determine the effects on maternal intraoperative analgesia of adding one of the following opioids to the local anesthetic at the onset of epidural block, before surgery and neonatal delivery: morphine (3 mg), fentanyl (75 micrograms), sufentanil (50 micrograms), buprenorphine (0.3 mg) and oxymorphone (1 mg). The duration of postoperative analgesia, the presence of side effects and the neonatal outcome were also studied. Ninety healthy multiparas, at term, undergoing elective cesarean delivery using lumbar epidural anesthesia with 2% lidocaine were randomized in six equal groups to receive one of the opioids or saline. The predelivery administration of morphine, fentanyl and sufentanil significantly improved the intraoperative analgesia. Patients who received fentanyl, sufentanil, buprenorphine or oxymorphone had more somnolence than the others (p less than 0.01), but this did not interfere with the first mother-infant relationship during surgery. Patients in the buprenorphine group had more vomiting during surgery when compared with the others (p less than 0.01). Morphine provided the longest pain-free interval, followed by oxymorphone, buprenorphine, sufentanil and fentanyl. Postoperatively, the number of patients having pruritus and vomiting was significantly higher in the morphine and buprenorphine groups, respectively (p less than 0.01 versus others). No adverse neonatal effects were noted in any group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Celleno
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Costantino P, Emanuelli M, Muratori F, Sebastiani M, Cipriani G, Gaudenzi M. [Propofol versus thiopentone as induction agents in cesarean section]. Minerva Anestesiol 1990; 56:865-70. [PMID: 2274214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Costantino
- Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina Roma
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Celleno D, Capogna G, Emanuelli M, Sebastiani M, Costantino P, Cipriani G, Tomassetti M. VENTILATORY EFFECTS OF SUBARACHNOID FENTANYL IN THE ELDERLY. Anesth Analg 1990. [DOI: 10.1213/00000539-199002001-00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|