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Gargano V, Gambino D, Oddo AM, Pizzo M, Sucato A, Cammilleri G, La Russa F, Di Pasquale ML, Parisi MG, Cassata G, Giangrosso G. Scolopax rusticola Carrying Enterobacterales Harboring Antibiotic Resistance Genes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:234. [PMID: 38534669 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) belongs to those bird species that make systematic migratory flights in spring and autumn in search of favorable breeding and wintering areas. These specimens arrive in the Mediterranean Area from northeastern European countries during the autumn season. The purpose of this study was to assess whether woodcocks can carry antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) along their migratory routes. Although the role of migratory birds in the spread of some zoonotic diseases (of viral and bacterial etiology) has been elucidated, the role of these animals in the spread of antibiotic resistance has not yet been clarified. In this study, we analyzed the presence of beta-lactam antibiotic resistance genes. The study was conducted on 69 strains from 60 cloacal swabs belonging to an equal number of animals shot during the 2022-2023 hunting season in Sicily, Italy. An antibiogram was performed on all strains using the microdilution method (MIC) and beta-lactam resistance genes were investigated. The strains tested showed no phenotypic resistance to any of the 13 antibiotics tested; however, four isolates of Enterobacter cloacae and three of Klebsiella oxytoca were found to carry the blaIMP-70, blaVIM-35, blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-1 genes. Our results confirm the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance among migratory animals capable of long-distance bacteria spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gargano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Delia Gambino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco La Russa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Maria Giovanna Parisi
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cassata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, 90129 Palermo, Italy
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Cammilleri G, Calabrese V, Vella A, Macaluso A, Bacchi E, Pantano L, Galluzzo FG, Oddo A, Giangrosso G, Ferrantelli V, Brunone M. Essential and non-essential elements in white lupin ( Lupinus albus L.) cultivated in Southern Italy. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:164-168. [PMID: 35921531 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2107641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the presence of V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sb, Cd, and Pb in white lupin samples cultivated in Southern Italy by the validation of an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The ICP-MS method validation showed satisfactory values of linearity (r2 > 0.999), recovery (87.4-100.7%), repeatability, and reproducibility values. Zinc was the most abundant element; showing mean concentrations of 0.778 ± 0.09 mg/Kg wet weight (w.w.) and a maximum of 1.013 mg/Kg w.w., followed by copper (0.191 ± 0.05 mg/Kg w.w.). Among the non-essential elements, important levels of cadmium were found (0.017 ± 0.004 mg/Kg w.w.), with 28% exceeding the limits set by the EU Regulation. The results of this work confirm the role of white lupins and other legumes in reducing the pH of the soil, increasing the exchangeable forms of Cd. This work also provides the first data on the nutritional and antinutritional properties of white lupins cultivated in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Dipartimento di scienze biomediche e biotecnologiche, Università degli studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bacchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Licia Pantano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Adriana Oddo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Mariagrazia Brunone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
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Cammilleri G, Calabrese V, Accordino L, Pantano L, Migliazzo A, Galluzzo FG, Parrino V, Brunone A, Lo Dico GM, Bacchi E, Giangrosso G, Calvacca PF, Ferrantelli V. Toxic metals and total lipids comparison between wild and farmed fish of South mediterranean. Nat Prod Res 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35133242 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2037588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A total of 151 wild and farmed fish samples of three species (S. aurata, D. labrax and U. cirrosa) from south Mediterranean were examined for cadmium, lead and mercury and total lipids detection to verify possible differences between wild and farmed fish. Mercury was detected only in S. aurata samples, with mean values of 0.056 ± 0.128 mg/kg and 0.031 ± 0.033 mg/kg for farmed and wild samples, respectively. The results verified no significant differences in Pb, Cd and Hg levels between wild and farmed fish samples (p < 0.05). The farmed fish samples showed higher total lipids contents than wild (p > 0.05). As far as we know, this work report first findings on the toxic metal presence in farmed Umbrina cirrosa, showing no detectable Hg, Cd and Pb values. The results of this work seems to confirm that the presence of toxic metals could be more related to the pollution the site than the type of production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotecnologiche, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Letizia Accordino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Licia Pantano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Aldo Migliazzo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Emanuela Bacchi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
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Cicero A, Galluzzo FG, Cammilleri G, Pulvirenti A, Giangrosso G, Macaluso A, Vella A, Ferrantelli V. Development of a Rapid and Eco-Friendly UHPLC Analytical Method for the Detection of Histamine in Fish Products. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17207453. [PMID: 33066328 PMCID: PMC7602054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We developed, validated, and confirmed with proficiency tests a fast ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) method to determine histamine in fish and fishery products. The proposed method consists of two successive solid–liquid extractions: one with a dilute solution of perchloric acid (6%) and the second only with water. The instrumental analysis with UHPLC provides a very fast run time (only 6 min) with a retention time of approximately 4 min, a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 7.2 mg kg−1, a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.2 mg kg−1, a recovery around 100%, a relative standard deviation (RSD%) between 0.5 and 1.4, and an r2 of calibration curve equal to 0.9995. The method detected optimal values of the validation parameters and required a limited number of reagents in comparison to other methods reported in the literature. Furthermore, the method could detect histamine in a very short time compared with other methods. This method, in addition to being validated, precise, specific, and accurate, avoids wasting time, money, and resources, and limits the use of organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Cicero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0916-565-258
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia ‘A. Mirri’, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (A.V.); (V.F.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy;
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Vella A, Cammilleri G, Pulvirenti A, Galluzzo F, Randisi B, Giangrosso G, Macaluso A, Gennaro S, Ciaccio G, Cicero N, Ferrantelli V. High hydroxycinnamic acids contents in fennel honey produced in Southern Italy. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4104-4109. [PMID: 32019359 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1723090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A total of 122 honey samples (Apis mellifera ssp. Ligustica) collected from Southern Italy were examined for floral identification by melissopalynological examination and for polyphenols detection by an LC-ESI-OrbitrapTM -MS/MS method. The melissopalynological examination confirmed all the samples examined as fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) unifloral variety. The analytical method carried out for polyphenols detection showed satisfactory linearity and recovery values, achieved during the validation of the method. Very high amounts of flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin) and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid), were found in all the samples examined. Among the hydroxycinnamic acids group, caffeic acid showed the highest mean contents (865.90 ± 67.07 µg/kg). The results of this work confirmed the high presence of phenolic acids with strong free radical-scavenging activity in fennel products such as honey, suggesting their use to reduce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy.,Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Galluzzo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Randisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Ciaccio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento SASTAS, Università degli studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, Messina, Italy
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Cicero A, Cammilleri G, Galluzzo FG, Calabrese I, Pulvirenti A, Giangrosso G, Cicero N, Cumbo V, Vella A, Macaluso A, Ferrantelli V. Histamine in Fish Products Randomly Collected in Southern Italy: A 6-Year Study. J Food Prot 2020; 83:241-248. [PMID: 31944140 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In total, 4,615 fresh and processed fish samples collected from 2010 to 2015 were analyzed for histamine by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Histamine levels were detected in 352 (7.6%) samples, with a maximum of 4,110 mg kg-1 and mean values of 908.9 ± 1,226.79 and 344.01 ± 451.18 mg kg-1 for fresh and processed fish samples, respectively. No histamine levels were found in canned tuna and smoked fish samples in contrast to most of the data reported in the literature. A low percentage (2.79%) of noncompliant samples was found. The highest mean values were found during 2011 and 2015 for fresh and processed fish samples, respectively, showing a significant (P < 0.05) difference between the sampling years. The histamine contents found in fresh fish samples were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of processed samples. Most of the positive samples came from street vendors, suggesting the need to improve inspection measures in these commercial categories to ensure fish product safety. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Cicero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Ilaria Calabrese
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento Biomorf, Università di Messina, V.le Annunziata, Pan Lab, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Valentina Cumbo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-116X [F.G.G.])
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Cammilleri G, Pulvirenti A, Vella A, Macaluso A, Lo Dico GM, Giaccone V, Giordano V, Vinciguerra M, Cicero N, Cicero A, Giangrosso G, Vullo S, Ferrantelli V. Tetracycline Residues in Bovine Muscle and Liver Samples from Sicily (Southern Italy) by LC-MS/MS Method: A Six-Year Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040695. [PMID: 30781339 PMCID: PMC6413177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined a total of 369 bovine liver and muscle samples for the detection of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), and doxycycline (DOX) residues by implementation and validation of a LC-MS/MS method. The method showed good recovery values between 86% and 92% at three levels of concentrations. The linearity tests revealed r² > 0.996 for all the tetracyclines examined. Furthermore, the Youden test revealed that the method was robust. Only 14.4% of the samples showed OTC and TC residues in a concentration range of 10.4⁻40.2 µg kg-1. No CTC and DOX residues were found in all the samples analyzed. Liver samples showed the highest average values (31.5 ± 20.6 and 21.8 ± 18.9 for OTC and TC, respectively). The results showed a low incidence of TCs in all the samples examined, in comparison with other studies reported in the literature. A significant decrease in TC residues frequency was found from 2013 (p < 0.05). This work reports for the first time epidemiological data on the presence of TC residues in liver and muscle samples of cattle farmed in Sicily (Southern Italy). The very low incidence of TC residues indicates a continuous improvement in farming techniques in Southern Italy, which is essential to ensure consumers' protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121 Modena, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vita Giaccone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Giordano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Massimo Vinciguerra
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione Veterinario, ASP 1 Agrigento, Viale della Vittoria 321, 92100 Agrigento, Italy.
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento SASTAS, Università degli studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonello Cicero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stefano Vullo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
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Cammilleri G, Graci S, Collura R, Buscemi MD, Vella A, Macaluso A, Giaccone V, Giangrosso G, Cicero A, Lo Dico GM, Pulvirenti A, Cicero N, Ferrantelli V. Aflatoxin M 1 in cow, sheep, and donkey milk produced in Sicily, Southern Italy. Mycotoxin Res 2018; 35:47-53. [PMID: 30215192 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-018-0329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Samples (n = 485) of raw (n = 394) or heat-treated (n = 91) milk of three different species (cow, n = 170; sheep, n = 133; donkey, n = 84), collected 2013-2016 in Western Sicily (Southern Italy), were analyzed for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive ELISA results were further analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Both methods had a detection limit for AFM1 in milk of 7 ng kg-1. ELISA yielded 12.9 and 5% positives in cows and sheep milk, respectively, all samples of donkey milk were negative. Levels of AFM1 were in most cases at 0.007-< 0.05 μg kg-1, only two samples (sheep milk) slightly exceeded the European Union maximum level of 0.05 μg kg-1. Only 6% of the samples were positive for AFM1 in a concentration range of 0.008-0.15 μg kg-1. Only milk samples collected directly from farms were positive. Overall, the levels were much lower than previously reported for Southern Italy cow and sheep milk samples purchased in retail stores. The results of this work indicate a continuous improvement of the feeding techniques on dairy farms of Southern Italy, which is essential to ensure consumers' protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stefania Graci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Collura
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Drussilla Buscemi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vita Giaccone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonello Cicero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pulvirenti
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Università 4, 41121, Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Dipartimento SASTAS, Università degli studi di Messina, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
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Cammilleri G, Costa A, Graci S, Buscemi MD, Collura R, Vella A, Pulvirenti A, Cicero A, Giangrosso G, Schembri P, Ferrantelli V. Presence of Anisakis pegreffii in farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) commercialized in Southern Italy: A first report. Vet Parasitol 2018; 259:13-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Capillo G, Silvestro S, Sanfilippo M, Fiorino E, Giangrosso G, Ferrantelli V, Vazzana I, Faggio C. Assessment of Electrolytes and Metals Profile of the Faro Lake (Capo Peloro Lagoon, Sicily, Italy) and Its Impact onMytilus galloprovincialis. Chem Biodivers 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences; University of Messina; Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 S.Agata-Messina Italy
| | - Serena Silvestro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences; University of Messina; Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 S.Agata-Messina Italy
| | - Marilena Sanfilippo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences; University of Messina; Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 S.Agata-Messina Italy
| | - Emma Fiorino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences; University of Messina; Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 S.Agata-Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia; via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia; via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo Italy
| | - Irene Vazzana
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia; via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences; University of Messina; Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 S.Agata-Messina Italy
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11
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Cecchini S, Piccione G, Saoca C, Giangrosso G, Caputo A, Fazio F. Redox status, and lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels in small ruminants. J Anim Feed Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/85305/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Lo Dico GM, Galvano F, Dugo G, D'ascenzi C, Macaluso A, Vella A, Giangrosso G, Cammilleri G, Ferrantelli V. Toxic metal levels in cocoa powder and chocolate by ICP-MS method after microwave-assisted digestion. Food Chem 2017; 245:1163-1168. [PMID: 29287336 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Commission Regulation (EC) Regulation N. 488/2014, established the concentration limits for cadmium in specific products based on cocoa and chocolate products as from January 2019. Based on this information there is a need to determine ultratrace levels of elements that might be presents in cocoa and chocolate products. In this work, the concentrations of Arsenic, Antimony, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Selenium and Vanadium were evaluated in cocoa powder and chocolate by the validation of an ICP-MS method. Good selectivity/specificity, recovery, repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility, LOD, LOQ, range of linearity, standard measurement uncertainty parameters for method validation were achieved, in accordance with Commission Regulation. The cocoa powder revealed the maximum metal concentrations of 0.303 ± 0.035 mg/kg for cadmium, 1.228 ± 0.146 mg/kg for lead and 0.094 ± 0.013 mg/kg for arsenic. A significant difference was found between cocoa powder and chocolate samples (p < .05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Università Degli Studi di Catania, Città Universitaria - Via Santa Sofia, 64, Catania, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Department of Organic and Biological Chemistry and Department of Animal Biology and Marine Ecology, Università Degli Studi di Messina, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Carlo D'ascenzi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Università Degli Studi di Pisa, viale delle Piagge, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
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13
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Cammilleri G, Calvaruso E, Pantano L, Cascio GL, Randisi B, Macaluso A, Vazzana M, Caracappa G, Giangrosso G, Vella A, Ferrantelli V. Survey on the presence of non-dioxine-like PCBs (NDL-PCBs) in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) stranded in south Mediterranean coasts (Sicily, Southern Italy). Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:2997-3002. [PMID: 28544014 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A total of 71 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) stranded along the coasts of Sicily (Southern Italy) were examined for non-dioxine like polychlorinated biphenyl (NDL-PCB) levels in muscle and adipose tissue by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method. The results revealed 6 high-indicator congener (∑6 PCBIND ) levels in 45% of the loggerhead turtles examined, with mean values of 980.39 ± 2508.39 ng/g wet weight in adipose tissue and 102.53 ± 238.58 ng/g wet weight in muscle tissue. The hexachloro and heptachloro PCB congeners were the most abundant in both the sample types. The highest NDL-PCB levels were reached in an adipose tissue sample of a loggerhead turtle of 80 kg stranded along the coasts of Termini Imerese (14 183.85 ng/g wet wt). No significant correlation was found between modified Fulton's K values of the loggerhead turtles and PCB contents (S = 47 151, p > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant differences were found between sexes (W = 365, p > 0.05). The PCB levels found in the present study were much higher than those found in the literature. The present study is the first report on the existence of NDL-PCBs in loggerhead turtles stranded in Sicilian coasts confirming C. caretta as a valuable indicator of contaminant exposure in the marine environment because of their specific biological and ecological characteristics. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2997-3002. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Enza Calvaruso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Licia Pantano
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lo Cascio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Randisi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Caracappa
- Sicilian Regional Centre of Turtles and Cetaceans Recovery, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri," Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri,", Palermo, Italy
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Cammilleri G, Vazzana M, Arizza V, Giunta F, Vella A, Lo Dico G, Giaccone V, Giofrè SV, Giangrosso G, Cicero N, Ferrantelli V. Mercury in fish products: what’s the best for consumers between bluefin tuna and yellowfin tuna? Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:457-462. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1309538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Giunta
- Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lo Dico
- Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vita Giaccone
- Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore V. Giofrè
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Messina, Italy
- Science4Life, Spin Off Company of University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, Messina, Italy
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Cicero N, Naccari C, Cammilleri G, Giangrosso G, Cicero A, Gervasi T, Tropea A, Albergamo A, Ferrantelli V. Monitoring of neonicotinoid pesticides in beekeeping. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1258-1262. [PMID: 27736155 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1236101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The decline of pollinating species is correlated to the extensive use of neonicotinoids against pest insects for crop protection. In this study, the concentrations of neonicotinoid insecticides were determined in honeybees, honeycomb and honey samples, collected in Spring 2015 (blooming period) from different areas in Sicily (IT), to carry out an evaluation of bees products' safety and an overview of neonicotinoid contamination in beekeeping. The results obtained showed only the presence of clothianidin in bee samples and these concentrations don't represent a risk for bees' vitality and safety. The absence of residue in all honey samples, instead, showed the quality of bee products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cicero
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,b Science4Life, Spin Off Company , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Clara Naccari
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- c Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri" via Gino Marinuzzi , Palermo , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- c Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri" via Gino Marinuzzi , Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonello Cicero
- c Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri" via Gino Marinuzzi , Palermo , Italy
| | - Teresa Gervasi
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Alessia Tropea
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- a Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- c Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri" via Gino Marinuzzi , Palermo , Italy
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Graci S, Collura R, Cammilleri G, Buscemi MD, Giangrosso G, Principato D, Gervasi T, Cicero N, Ferrantelli V. Mercury accumulation in Mediterranean Fish and Cephalopods Species of Sicilian coasts: correlation between pollution and the presence of Anisakis parasites. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1156-1162. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1230119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Graci
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Collura
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Drussilla Buscemi
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
| | - Deborah Principato
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
| | - Teresa Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Science4Life, Spin Off Company, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica degli Alimenti, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “ A. Mirri” via Gino Marinuzzi, Palermo, Italy
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17
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Costa A, Cammilleri G, Graci S, Buscemi MD, Vazzana M, Principato D, Giangrosso G, Ferrantelli V. Survey on the presence of A. simplex s.s. and A. pegreffii hybrid forms in Central-Western Mediterranean Sea. Parasitol Int 2016; 65:696-701. [PMID: 27568095 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 1029 fish and cephalopod samples came from Central-Western Mediterranean (FAO 37.1.1 and FAO 37.1.3) were analysed for Anisakidae larvae research with the aim to identify possible hybridisations between Anisakis pegreffii and Anisakis simplex s.s. species. A total of 1765 larvae were detected, with prevalence values between 8.1% and 100%. The morphologic analysis revealed characters attributable to morphotype I of Anisakis in 98.5% of the examined larvae, while 1.5% belonged to the morphotype II. PCR-based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the entire ITS region (ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was performed with HinfI and HhaI restriction enzymes. The majority of the larvae examined by PCR-RFLP were identified as A. pegreffii (71%), with a prevalence on horse mackerel from FAO 37.1.3, while 10% were identified as A. simplex s.s., 2% as A. physeteris and 17% as A. pegreffii×A. simplex s.s. hybrid genotype. The sequence analysis confirmed the hybridisation in the 85% of the larvae recognised as hybrid forms by PCR- RFLP, suggesting this form as the product of natural interspecific recombination due to the presence of sympatry areas. The presence of hybrid forms were mostly found in fish samples from FAO subzone 37.1.1. This is the first report of A. pegreffii x A. simplex s.s. hybrid genotype in fishes caught off the coasts of Sicily (Southern Italy). Finally, this study provided substantial information about the geographical distribution of Anisakidae family in Central-Western Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Costa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stefania Graci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università degli studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy
| | - Deborah Principato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, Palermo, Italy
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Cammilleri G, Chetta M, Costa A, Graci S, Collura R, Buscemi MD, Cusimano M, Alongi A, Principato D, Giangrosso G, Vella A, Ferrantelli V. Validation of the TrichinEasy® digestion system for the detection of Anisakidae larvae in fish products. Acta Parasitol 2016; 61:369-75. [PMID: 27078661 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2016-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anisakis and other parasites belonging to the Anisakidae family are organisms of interest for human health, because of their high zoonotic potential. Parasites belonging to this family can cause Anisakiasis, a parasitological disease caused by the ingestion of raw, infested fish products. Furthermore, evidence from the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority; EFSA 2010) has highlighted the allergological potential of nematodes belonging to the Anisakis genre. The detection and identification of Anisakidae larvae in fish products requires an initial visual inspection of the fish sample, as well as other techniques such as candling, UV illumination and artificial digestion. The digestion method consists of the simulation of digestive mechanics, which is made possible by the utilization of HCl and pepsin, according to EC Regulation 2075/2005. In this study, a new Anisakidae larvae detection method using a mechanical digestion system called Trichineasy® was developed. A total of 142 fish samples, belonging to 14 different species, were examined to validate the method. A reaction mixture with 100 g of sample, 10 g of pepsin (1:10000 NF) and 50 ml of 10% HCl at 36 ± 1°C for 20 minutes was evaluated to be the best condition for the digestion of fish samples. These parameters have also allowed the detection of viable larvae after digestion. The results confirm this instrumentation as a valuable and safe tool for the detection of Anisakidae larvae in fishery products.
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Fazio F, Giangrosso G, Marafioti S, Zanghì E, Arfuso F, Piccione G. Blood haemogram in Ovis aries and Capra hyrcus: effect of storage time. Can J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2015-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of storage time at +4 °C on haematological profile in goat (n = 25) and sheep (n = 25). After collection, blood samples were immediately analyzed and then divided into four aliquots that were stored at 4 °C and tested at 24 h (T1), 48 h (T2), 72 h (T3), and 1 wk (T4), respectively. One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine statistically significant effect of storage conditions both in goats and in sheep. Our results showed that among the two species studied, goats showed highest blood stability after refrigeration at +4 °C. In goats, all hematological parameters, except PLT, showed no significant changes during all days of monitoring with respect to basal values (T0). In sheep, no significantly effect of storage time on RBC and WBC levels were found, whereas the other hematological parameters change significantly over the time. Our findings suggest that the blood storage time reported for goat may not be applied to sheep’s blood, which underscore the differences between these two species that are erroneously considered similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences. Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina. 98168, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Simona Marafioti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences. Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina. 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Elisa Zanghì
- Department of Veterinary Sciences. Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina. 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences. Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina. 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Piccione
- Department of Veterinary Sciences. Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina. 98168, Messina, Italy
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Naccari C, Cicero N, Ferrantelli V, Giangrosso G, Vella A, Macaluso A, Naccari F, Dugo G. Toxic Metals in Pelagic, Benthic and Demersal Fish Species from Mediterranean FAO Zone 37. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2015; 95:567-73. [PMID: 26115726 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fish represents a nutrient-rich food but, at the same time, is one of the most important contributor to the dietary intake of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to assess residual levels of Pb, Cd and Hg in different species, caught from FAO zones 37 1.3 and 37 2.2, particularly small pelagic, benthic and demersal fishes. The results obtained showed the absence of toxic metal in fishes from FAO zone 37 1.3. Relating to FAO zone 37 2.2, instead, in all samples we observed the absence of Pb, small concentrations of Cd (0.081±0.022 mg/kg) and higher Hg residual levels (0.252±0.033 mg/kg). Particularly, the trend of Cd contamination was similar in all species whereas Hg showed high levels in demersal, intermediate in pelagic and low in benthic species. However, only Cd concentrations exceed the MRL in mackerel, mullet, sea-bream fishes, according to Regulation CE n. 629/2008 and n. 488/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Naccari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Territorial, Food and Health Security (S.A.S.T.A.S.), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Territorial, Food and Health Security (S.A.S.T.A.S.), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Department of Food, Veterinary Institute of Sicily "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Department of Food, Veterinary Institute of Sicily "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Antonio Vella
- Department of Food, Veterinary Institute of Sicily "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Department of Food, Veterinary Institute of Sicily "A. Mirri", Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Francesco Naccari
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, University of Messina, V.le Annunziata, 98165, Messina, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Territorial, Food and Health Security (S.A.S.T.A.S.), University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
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Pavoni E, Barbieri I, Bertasi B, Lombardi G, Giangrosso G, Cordioli P, Losio MN. Detection and Molecular Characterisation of Swine Hepatitis E Virus in Brescia Province, Italy. Ital J Food Saf 2015; 4:4587. [PMID: 27800394 PMCID: PMC5076652 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2015.4587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important public health concern in many developing countries and it occurs in sporadic forms in industrialized areas. With the discovery of swine HEV in pigs, which is genetically closely related to human HEV, hepatitis E is considered to be a zoonotic disease. To investigate the circulation of HEV within a distinct area of Lombardy region (Northern Italy), 17 pig farms were subjected to monitoring study by collection of fresh stool samples each represented by ground-pooled specimens. In particular, three distinct types of breeding farms were focused, represented by farrow to weaning, farrow to finish and fattening farms, respectively. Epidemiological data confirm that in Europe the seroprevalence in pigs, more than 9 month of age, ranges from 51.4 to 75%, while in 3-9 months fatteners is about 38%. In France and Italy, the positivity among farms is respectively 30 and 97.4% and the seroprevalence in Italy is 50.2%. Since HEV viremia was typically observed in the early period of life in swine, faeces were collected in boxes containing weaning pigs. For the study, 183 stool samples were collected and amplifications were performed with universal primers specific for the ORF2 region of genome. Twentyeight samples resulted positive to HEV RNA and genotyping demonstrated that they were closely related to HEV strains belonging to genotype 3 and circulating in Europe. Comparison with reference strains from GenBank excluded their similarity to genotype 1, 2 or 4 confirming that genotype 3 strains are circulating in Europe. Since it was demonstrated that swine act as a reservoir for HEV, and since many strains into HEV genotype 3 share a strong molecular similarity to human HEV, it was important to detect the presence of HEV in a restricted area with a very high density of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Pavoni
- Veterinary Public Health Institute of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
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Cicero A, Giangrosso G, Cammilleri G, Macaluso A, Currò V, Galuppo L, Vargetto D, Vicari D, Ferrantelli V. Microbiological and Chemical Analysis of Land Snails Commercialised in Sicily. Ital J Food Saf 2015; 4:4196. [PMID: 27800385 PMCID: PMC5076643 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2015.4196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study 160 samples of snails belonging to the species Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller were examined for chemical and microbiological analysis. Samples came from Greece and Poland. Results showed mean concentration of cadmium (0.35±0.036 mg/kg) and lead (0.05±0.013 mg/kg) much higher than the limit of detection. Mercury levels in both species were not detected. Microbiological analysis revealed the absence of Salmonella spp. and Clostridium spp. in both examined species. E. coli and K. oxytoca were observed in Helix aspersa maxima and Helix aspersa muller. Furthermore, one case of fungi positivity in samples of Helix aspersa muller was found. The reported investigations highlight the need to create and adopt a reference legislation to protect the health of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Cicero
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Macaluso
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittoria Currò
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Galuppo
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela Vargetto
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Vicari
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily , Palermo, Italy
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Ferrantelli V, Costa A, Graci S, Buscemi MD, Giangrosso G, Porcarello C, Palumbo S, Cammilleri G. Anisakid Nematodes as Possible Markers to Trace Fish Products. Ital J Food Saf 2015; 4:4090. [PMID: 27800374 PMCID: PMC5076618 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2015.4090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work a total of 949 fish samples were analysed for the identification of nematode larvae belonging to the Anisakidae family. Biomolecular application for the identification of Anisakidae larvae can be an optimal instrument for the traceability of fish products, described on the Reg. EC 178/2002. Results confirm a correlation between geographical distribution of fishes and presence of specific Anisakid larvae. FAO 37 zone (Mediterranean sea) showed a prevailing distribution of Anisakis pegreffii and a minimal presence of A. simplex s.s. in hybrid form with Anisakis pegreffii. FAO 27 zone showed a prevailing distribution of A. simplex s.s. in fish like Brosme (Brosme brosme) and infestation prevalence of Pseudoterranova krabbei and P. decipiens s.s. in Gadus morhua. Obtained results validate the hypothesis that molecular biology methods for identifying Anisakidae larvae are effective traceability markers of fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Costa
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Graci
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Drusilla Buscemi
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Porcarello
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvia Palumbo
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- National Reference Center for Anisakiasis - C.Re.N.A, Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Sicily A. Mirri , Palermo, Italy
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Fazio F, Ferrantelli V, Fortino G, Arfuso F, Giangrosso G, Faggio C. The Influence of Acute Handling Stress on Some Blood Parameters in Cultured Sea Bream ( Sparus Aurata Linnaeus, 1758). Ital J Food Saf 2015; 4:4174. [PMID: 27800375 PMCID: PMC5076619 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2015.4174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of acute handling stress on haematological profile, blood glucose and lactate (secondary stress markers) in cultured sea bream Sparus aurata was evaluated. Sixty six Sparus aurata were used and equally divided into two groups (A and B). Group A was not subjected to stress, Group B was subjected to acute handling stress. From each fish, biometric data and blood samples were collected to evaluate haematological profile, blood glucose and lactate. Unpaired t-test Student was applied to evaluate possible differences in parameters between the two groups. Red blood cells, haematocrit, haemoglobin, white blood cells (WBC), glucose and lactate showed an increase (P<0.05) in Group B compared with Group A, while mean corpuscular volume decreased (P<0.05) in Group B. The results highlight the role of studied parameters in monitoring the stressful conditions of aquaculture production which affect animal welfare and fish products quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche e Ambientali, Università di Messina , S. Agata (ME), Italy
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Fazio F, Piccione G, Tribulato K, Ferrantelli V, Giangrosso G, Arfuso F, Faggio C. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in blood and tissue of striped mullet in two Italian lakes. J Aquat Anim Health 2014; 26:278-84. [PMID: 25369146 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2014.938872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Water and sediment from Faro and Ganzirri lakes were tested for cadmium, mercury, and lead. These heavy metals have been assessed in serum and muscles of Striped Mullet Mugil cephalus. A haemogram was performed to find effects of heavy metals on haematological variables. Student's t-test showed higher Pb levels in sediments of Ganzirri Lake than Faro Lake. Two-way analysis of variance showed higher Cd and Pb concentration in muscles samples of Striped Mullet from Ganzirri Lake than from Faro Lake. Significant differences were found among haematological parameters as well. Mullet from Ganzirri Lake had lower white and red blood cell and trombocyte counts and higher mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration than those from Faro Lake. Our results indicate a significant presence of lead in the environmental produces an accumulation of this metal in fish muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Fazio
- a Department of Veterinary Science, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, University of Messina , 98168 Messina, Italy
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Ferrantelli V, Cicero A, Costa A, Alongi A, Palumbo P, Graci S, Giangrosso G. Anisakidae in Fishing Products Sold in Sicily. Ital J Food Saf 2014; 3:1719. [PMID: 27800344 PMCID: PMC5083874 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2014.1719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the parasite diseases associated with the consumption of raw fish that occurs with some frequency is the anisakiasis, a human disease caused by the accidental ingestion of larval nematodes of the genus Anisakis, family Anisakidae. At the National Reference Centre for Anisakiasis (C.Re.N.A.) from October 2012 to February 2013, a number of 231 bony fish (Trichiuridae, Engraulidae, Scombridae and Clupeidae) were received from different fishing sites in Sicily. Anisakis pegreffii is the main species detected in fish, as identified by molecular analysis based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, while Anisakis simplex sensu stricto was found only in Scomber scombrus caught in the Mediterranean Sea (Fishing Areas 37), in the Spanish coast (Fishing Areas 37) and in the Atlantic Ocean (Fishing Areas 34). Larvae of the genus Pseudoterranova were found only in fish caught in the Norwegian Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonello Cicero
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Costa
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelina Alongi
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Palumbo
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Graci
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giangrosso
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Anisakiasi (C.Re.N.A.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia , Palermo, Italy
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Naccari C, Macaluso A, Giangrosso G, Naccari F, Ferrantelli V. Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals and Pesticides in Honey From Sicily (Italy). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5539/jfr.v3n2p107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
<p>Honey, obtained by the honeybee (<em>Apis mellifera</em>) from nectar plants, with different composition according to floral sources, regional and climatic conditions, is widely consumed for its nutritional value and various properties. It could be considered a bio-indicator of environmental pollution to assess the presence of metals, naturally present in soil, and pesticides, widely used in agricultural practices. Actually no specific legislation on honey’s metals and pesticides content exists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of toxic metals (Pb and Cd) and insecticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethrins and pyrethroids) in carob, chestnut and eucalyptus honey samples from Sicily and carried out a risk assessment to dietary intake of these contaminants. The results obtained showed low residual levels of Pb (0.1709 ± 0.078 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) and Cd (0.0153 ± 0.004 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) while the concentrations of all pesticides analyzed were under the LOD (< 0.01 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>). To explain the source of metals contamination in honey, the analytical investigation was conducted also in carob (<em>Ceratonia siliqua </em>L.), chestnut (<em>Castanea sativa</em>) and eucalyptus (<em>Eucalyptus globules </em>Labill.) powders, from which nectar honey is produced, confirming the presence of Pb and Cd concentrations with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) in all three types. The risk assessment, evaluated through the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and confirmed also by EFSA Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI), showed that metals daily intake through Sicilian honey consumption is not likely to cause deleterious effect for consumers.</p>
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Santini A, Raiola A, Ferrantelli V, Giangrosso G, Macaluso A, Bognanno M, Galvano F, Ritieni A. Aflatoxin M₁ in raw, UHT milk and dairy products in Sicily (Italy). Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2013; 6:181-6. [PMID: 24779902 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2013.780186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A survey on 73 milk samples from different animal breeds and 24 dairy products samples from Sicily, Italy, was carried out for the presence of aflatoxin M₁ (AFM1) by LC-fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity cleanup. AFM1 was detected in 48% and 42% of the milk and dairy samples at concentration ranges between <5.0-16.0 and <5.0-18.0 ng L⁻¹, respectively. Within the raw milk samples, 92% had an AFM1 content below 5.0 ng L⁻¹, in 7% of the cases it was in the range 5.0-10.0 ng L⁻¹ and 1% was contaminated between 10.0 and 20.0 ng L⁻¹. For the dairy products, ultra-high-temperature treated (UHT) milk, milk cream and cheese, the incidence was 42%, of which 83% contained less than 5.0 ng L⁻¹ and 17% contained 10.0-20.0 ng L⁻¹ AFM1. The levels of contamination found justify continuous monitoring for public health and to reduce consumer exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Santini
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Napoli "Federico II" , Napoli , Italy
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Naccari C, Giangrosso G, Macaluso A, Billone E, Cicero A, D'Ascenzi C, Ferrantelli V. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) bioindicator of lead and copper pollution in Sicily (Italy). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2013; 90:41-5. [PMID: 23313116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate Pb and Cu accumulation in muscle and skin samples of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) from Sicily, for monitoring of environmental metals pollution. Metals determination, carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), showed the presence of Pb and Cu in all samples analyzed. Pb concentrations were similar in muscle (0.04±0.009 mg/kg) and skin (0.03±0.004 mg/kg) samples, while Cu levels resulted higher in muscle (1.842±0.178 mg/kg) than in skin (1.22±0.151 mg/kg). In addition, a comparative analysis of Pb and Cu concentrations was carried out among samples from different areas of Sicily and between female and male, young and old, immature and mature foxes. Metals content found in all muscle and skin samples demonstrates that V. vulpes could be a valid "sentinel" species of rural and suburban areas to study the environmental metals pollution and the habitat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Naccari
- Department Farmaco-Biologico, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Ferrantelli V, Giangrosso G, Cicero A, Naccari C, Macaluso A, Galvano F, D’Orazio N, Arcadipane G, Naccari F. Evaluation of mercury levels in Pangasius and Cod fillets traded in Sicily (Italy). Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2012; 29:1046-51. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2012.675595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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