1
|
Rajput AS, Sasidharan JK, Pandiyan N, Rafiq MM, Pandey AK, Tomar AKS, Singh M, Das GK, Patra MK. Effect of prostaglandin alone and in combination with trace minerals on the follicular and luteal dynamics, estrus response and pregnancy in sub-estrus buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14577. [PMID: 38698696 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Sub-estrus is a condition when buffaloes do not display behavioural estrus signs, despite being in estrus and causes a delay in conception and increases the service period. The present study describes the effect of synthetic prostaglandin (PGF2α) alone and in combination with trace minerals on the follicular and corpus luteum (CL) dynamics, serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentration correlating estrus response and pregnancy outcome in sub-estrus buffaloes during the breeding season. A total of 50 sub-estrus buffaloes, identified through ultrasonography (USG) examination, were randomly allocated into three groups, viz. T1 (Synthetic PGF2α, Inj. Cloprostenol 500 μg, i.m, n = 17), T2 (Synthetic PGF2α + Trace mineral supplementation, Inj. Stimvet 1 mL/100 kg body weight, i.m., n = 17) and control (untreated; n = 16). Following treatment, 100% of sub-estrus buffaloes were induced estrus in the T1 and T2 groups, while only 18.75% were induced in the control. The CL diameter and serum P4 concentration were significantly lower at post-treatment, whereas the pre-ovulatory follicle (POF) size and serum E2 concentration were significantly higher in the T1 and T2 groups as compared to the control (p < .05). The buffaloes of the T2 group had a greater proportion of moderate intensities estrus than those of T1. Moreover, the proportion of buffaloes conceived in the T1 and T2 were 41.2% and 52.95%, respectively. The larger POF diameter and higher serum E2 concentration were associated with intense intensity estrus and higher conception rate (66.7%) in sub-estrus buffaloes. Similarly, CL regression rate, POF size and serum E2 concentration were relatively higher in the buffaloes conceived as compared to those not conceived. It is concluded that synthetic PGF2α in combination with trace minerals induces moderate to intense intensities estrus in a greater proportion of sub-estrus buffaloes and increases the conception rate during the breeding season. Moreover, behavioural estrus attributes correlating follicle and luteal morphometry, serum E2 and P4 concentration could be used to optimise the breeding time for augmenting the conception rate in sub-estrus buffaloes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Rajput
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - J K Sasidharan
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - N Pandiyan
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M M Rafiq
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - A K S Tomar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M Singh
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - G K Das
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
| | - M K Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das GK, Kashyap B, Bahal A, Yadav P, Singh B, Singh N. Conjunctivitis outbreak in Delhi: Lessons learnt to combat breach in antimicrobial stewardship. Trop Doct 2024; 54:202-203. [PMID: 38247295 DOI: 10.1177/00494755241227464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- G K Das
- Director Professor, Department of Opthalmology, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) & Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Bineeta Kashyap
- Director Professor, Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) & Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Bahal
- Professor, Department of Microbiology, Army Hospital R & R, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Scientist B, Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Army Hospital R & R, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - Babli Singh
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Opthalmology, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) & Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Opthalmology, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) & Guru Teg Bahadur (GTB) Hospital, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma R, Patra MK, Puttanarsappa TM, Hitesh, Raza MRA, Sahu TK, Mathesh K, Dubal ZB, Ghosh SK, Gaur GK, Das GK, Singh SK, Krishnaswamy N. Kisspeptin stimulates oestradiol biosynthesis by upregulating steroidogenic transcripts and proliferation markers in the bubaline granulosa cells in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14523. [PMID: 38268209 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Kisspeptin (Kp), an upstream regulator of GnRH release, is essential for the development and function of reproductive axis. Previously, we demonstrated the localization of Kp and its receptor (Kiss1r) in the active follicle in the bubaline ovary. Present study aimed to determine the effect of Kp on granulosa cell (GCs) functions, especially oestradiol (E2 ) and progesterone (P4 ) production, and differential expression of genes regulating the proliferation, apoptosis and steroidogenesis in the buffalo. The ovaries with 6-10 mm size follicles obtained from the cyclic buffaloes after slaughtering were used for isolation of GCs for in vitro study. The primary GCs culture was treated with Kp (0, 10, 50 and 100 nM) and incubated for 48 h. Production of E2 and P4 was estimated in the culture supernatant by ELISA. The expression of gonadotropin receptors (FSHR and LHR), steroidogenic genes (STAR, 3β-HSD, CYP19A1), proliferation marker (PCNA), apoptotic factors (CASP3 and BCL2) and Kp signalling molecule (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2) was studied in the GCs by qPCR. Significant E2 production was found in the Kp 50 and 100 nM groups (p < .05), whereas P4 production was reduced in Kp 100 nM group (p < .05). There was concomitant upregulation of FSHR, ERK1/2, STAR and CYP19A1 in the Kp 100 nM treated GCs. In addition, Kp at 100 nM stimulated the proliferation of GCs by upregulating the expression of BCL2 (5.0 fold) and PCNA (94.9 fold). Further, high immunoreactivity of p-ERK1/2 was observed in the Kp-treated GCs. It was concluded that Kp at 100 nM concentration stimulated E2 production by upregulating the steroidogenic pathway through ERK1/2, STAR and CYP19A1 and modulating PCNA and BCL2 expressions in the GCs. Further experiments are warranted using Kp antagonist in different combinations to establish the signalling pathway in Kp-mediated steroidogenesis in the GCs for developing strategies to control ovarian functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renu Sharma
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR -IVRI, Izatnagar, India
| | - Thejaswini Meda Puttanarsappa
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Hitesh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | | | - Tarun Kumar Sahu
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Karikalan Mathesh
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management and Disease Surveillance, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, India
| | | | - Subrata Kumar Ghosh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | | | - Goutam Kumar Das
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) -Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Patra MK, Sasidharan JK, Rajput AS, Sharma R, Reza MRA, Das GK, Tomar AKS, Ghosh SK, Gaur GK. Evaluation of sexed semen-based artificial insemination in Tharparkar cattle under organized farm condition. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1622-1627. [PMID: 37743827 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sexed semen facilitates additional female calf production for the expansion of a herd at a faster rate and also curtails the surplus production of unwanted male calves. A study was conducted to evaluate the performance of sexed semen in indigenous Tharparkar cows based on 114 artificial inseminations (AI) performed at natural oestrus using two protocols i.e., single AI (n = 48) and double AI (n = 66). Overall, the first service conception rate (CR) was significantly higher in double (53.0%) than single (33.3%) AI protocol. The odds ratio of conception rate in double AI was 2.26 (χ2 = 4.4, df = 1, p = .04) with respect to single AI. The time that elapsed since the detection of oestrus to insemination was also analysed. In a single AI protocol, the CR was higher (p < .05) at 16 h (54.6%) than insemination at 8 h (27.0%) following the onset of oestrus. Yet, the CR using double AI protocol did not differ (p = .73) significantly when AIs were performed either at 8 h and 24 h (51.9%) or 16 h and 24 h (57.1%) post onset of oestrus. Besides, like the single AI protocol, the parity of the animals also influenced the CR, being higher in heifers (n = 22) than those of parous (n = 92) cows (72.73 vs. 40.43%, χ2 = 7.48, df = 1, p = .006) in the present study. The odds ratio of conception in heifers was 3.93 with respect to parous cows. Overall, the birth of female calf was 91.7%. In conclusion, the present study indicates a future promise of the sexed semen for the production of more female offspring from Tharparkar cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kumar Patra
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | | | - Atul Singh Rajput
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Renu Sharma
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Md Rehan Ahmad Reza
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Das
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh Tomar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Ghosh
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Gyanendra Kumar Gaur
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Das GK, Li J. Iron Removal as Goethite from Synthetic Laterite Leach Solutions. ACS Omega 2023; 8:11931-11940. [PMID: 37033795 PMCID: PMC10077453 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to precipitate goethite from high-iron(II)-bearing atmospheric and heap leach solutions of lateritic nickel ore generated either by reductive leaching of the ore or by reducing Fe(III) of the leach solution to Fe(II) using a suitable reducing agent and to understand the Ni and Co losses during the iron precipitation. Removal of Fe was carried out using an oxidative hydrolysis technique targeting goethite precipitation from a synthetic laterite leach solution containing Fe as ferrous (Fe(II)), Al, Mg, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu, and Zn using limestone as the neutralizing agent and air as an oxidant. The behavior of goethite precipitation and the losses of Ni and Co were examined under various conditions of pH, temperature, and Fe concentration. The precipitation of Fe increased with increasing pH, temperature, and feed Fe(II) concentration. Precipitation at pH ∼4.0-4.1 (measured at ambient temperature) and 90 °C resulted in ∼96-97% Fe removal from a feed solution containing more than 50 g/L Fe(II), giving ∼1 g/L Fe in the final liquor. Goethite formation was confirmed as a result of the Fe precipitation, and it appeared to take place via ferrihydrite/schwertmannite intermediate phases. The crystallinity of the goethite increased with time, temperature, and feed Fe(II) concentration. The goethite precipitate was found to be associated with an alunite phase. Losses of Ni and Co during Fe precipitation increased with pH, temperature, and feed Fe(II) concentration. The losses were significant above pH 4 and found to be ∼7-22% Ni and 4-19% Co in the pH range 4.1-5. The test results indicate that efficient Fe removal via goethite precipitation can be achieved from reduced atmospheric and heap leach solutions of laterite ore; however, careful pH control is required to minimize the loss of Ni and Co during this precipitation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Venkataseetharaman A, Mishra G, Ghosh MK, Das GK. Role of Glycerol Oxidation Pathways in the Reductive Acid Leaching Kinetics of Manganese Nodules Using Glycerol. ACS Omega 2021; 6:14903-14910. [PMID: 34151072 PMCID: PMC8209816 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Manganese nodules from ocean bed are potential resources of Cu, Ni, and Co for which land-based deposits are scarce in India. The present work describes a novel approach of using glycerol, a nontoxic biomass-derived reductant, for the reductive acid leaching of manganese nodules. Parameters such as acid concentration, time, temperature, and pulp density were optimized for leaching. The optimal leaching conditions were found to be 10% (w/v) pulp density and 10% (v/v) H2SO4 at 80 °C with 1% (v/v) glycerol yielding >95% of Ni and >98% Cu, Co, and Mn extraction within an hour. Kinetic analysis of the data based on the initial rate method showed that the leaching process was chemical reaction-controlled with an apparent activation energy of 55.47 kJ/mol. Various oxidation intermediates of glycerol formed during leaching were identified using mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy, and a probable oxidation pathway of glycerol during the leaching process has been elucidated based on the analysis. Glycerol was oxidized to glyceraldehyde, glyceric acid, tartronic acid, dihydroxyacetone, hydroxy pyruvic acid, glyoxalic acid, oxalic acid, and finally converted to CO2 during leaching. The fast reaction kinetics, near-complete dissolution of manganese, and other associated metals in the nodule can be attributed to the participation of all intermediate products of glycerol oxidation in redox reactions with MnO2, enhancing the overall reduction leaching efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aishvarya Venkataseetharaman
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Hydro
& Electrometallurgy Department, CSIR-Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Geetanjali Mishra
- Hydro
& Electrometallurgy Department, CSIR-Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Malay Kumar Ghosh
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
- Hydro
& Electrometallurgy Department, CSIR-Institute
of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Das
- CSIRO
Mineral Resources, 7 Conlon Street, Waterford, Western Australia 6152, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang X, Li J, Das GK, Johanie S, Vernon C, Shaw R. Characterization and crystal structure determination of zinc hydroxide chloride tetrahydrate Zn5(OH)8Cl2⋅4[(H2O)x(NH3)1−x]. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
8
|
Jakhar D, Grover C, Singal A, Das GK. Nailfold Capillaroscopy and Retinal Findings in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: Is There An Association? Indian Dermatol Online J 2020; 11:382-386. [PMID: 32695698 PMCID: PMC7367578 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_264_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by fibrosis and intimal proliferation of cutaneous and visceral small vessels. These architectural abnormalities can be visualized with nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC); the changes being quite characteristic. At the same time, morphological alterations in retinal vascular bed are expected but sparsely described. Aim We aimed to characterize the frequency and type of retinal microvascular changes in patients with SSc and to analyze any association with NFC changes. Patients and Methods With institutional ethical committee approval, we recruited 45 consecutive patients with SSc (diagnosed based on American College of Rheumatology and European League against Rheumatism [ACR/EULAR-2013] criteria). NFC was done for all of them with a Universal Serial Bus (USB) dermatoscope; additionally, fundoscopy, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were analyzed. Disease characteristics in patients with and without retinal disease were compared. Results Among the 45 SSc patients, 12 (26.67%) had limited cutaneous SSc (lSSc) while 33 (73.33%) had diffuse cutaneous disease (dSSc). Retinal microvascular changes seen as mild arteriolar alteration and arteriovenous crossing changes were recorded in 13 patients (28.89%); mostly in those with dSSc (12/13). The NFC architectural changes were more severe in patients with retinal disease, though the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Patients with SSc can often have retinal microvascular abnormalities commensurate with the vascular changes characteristic of SSc. The severity of retinal changes correlates with changes in NFC. NFC, which is now an essential tool for the management of SSc, could be a surrogate marker for retinal involvement in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Jakhar
- Department of Dermatology and STD, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Chander Grover
- Department of Dermatology and STD, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Singal
- Department of Dermatology and STD, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - G K Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mishra GK, Patra MK, Singh LK, Sheikh PA, Upmanyu V, Chakravarti S, Karikalan M, Sonwane A, Singh SK, Das GK, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Expression of Kisspeptin and its receptor in the hypothalamus of cyclic and acyclic buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2019; 139:167-177. [PMID: 31419703 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Kisspeptin (Kiss1), neurokinin-B (NKB) and dynorphin (Dyn) neurons regulate the surge and pulsatile centres of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus and are modulated by the ovarian steroids. Accordingly, we studied the temporospatial expression of Kiss1, its receptor and other genes that regulate GnRH in the preoptic area (POA) and arcuate (ARC) regions of hypothalamus at different phases of bubaline estrous cycle. Brain of buffalo (n = 32) was collected immediately after exsanguination and categorized into early luteal (EL), mid luteal (ML), follicular (FL) stages and acyclic (n = 8/group). Total RNA was extracted from the POA and ARC of each stage and real time PCR amplification of Kiss1, Kiss1r, NKB, NKB receptor (NKBR), Dyn, Dyn receptor (OPRK1), GnRH1, ERα, PR, LEPR and GHSR was done using GAPDH as endogenous control and acyclic stage as calibrator group. Further, immunolocalization of Kiss1 and Kiss1r was done on the hypothalamus. In the POA, significant up-regulation of Kiss1 and NKB with a concomitant down-regulation of Dyn transcripts was recorded at FL stage. There was, however, down-regulation of Kiss1 and Kiss1r during the EL perhaps due to the loss of estradiol as a consequence of ovulation. On the other hand, in the ARC, there was a significant up-regulation of Kiss1 and Dyn at FL and ML, while NKB transcript was consistently down-regulated at any stage of estrous cycle. In the POA, expression of ERα was not modulated; however, PR was down-regulated in the EL. In the ARC, the ERα expression was significantly up-regulated in the EL, whereas, PR was moderately expressed irrespective of the stage of estrous cycle. The immunolocalization study revealed the presence of Kiss1 and Kiss1r in the POA and ARC in the cyclic buffalo with relative abundance at FL. The transcriptional profile of the genes suggests that there is estrous cycle stage specific expression of Kiss1, Kiss1r and other GnRH regulating genes in the POA and ARC regions of hypothalamus in the buffalo. Up-regulation of Kiss1r in the POA during ML and ARC during EL indicates the involvement of kisspeptinergic system in the regulation of low LH pulse frequencies during the early and mid luteal phases in the cyclic buffalo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G K Mishra
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - M K Patra
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India.
| | - L K Singh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - P A Sheikh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - V Upmanyu
- Biological Standardization Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - S Chakravarti
- Biological Products Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management and Disease Surveillance, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - A Sonwane
- Animal Genetics Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - S K Singh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - G K Das
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - H Kumar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - N Krishnaswamy
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mishra GK, Patra MK, Singh LK, Upmanyu V, Chakravarti S, Karikalan M, Bag S, Singh SK, Das GK, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Expression and functional role of kisspeptin and its receptor in the cyclic corpus luteum of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2019; 130:71-78. [PMID: 30870709 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G K Mishra
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - M K Patra
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India.
| | - L Kipjen Singh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, ICAR- National Dairy Research Institute Karnal, 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - V Upmanyu
- Biological Standardization Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - S Chakravarti
- Biological Products Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation, Management and Disease Surveillance, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology & Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - S K Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - G K Das
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - H Kumar
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| | - N Krishnaswamy
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 234 122, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh LK, Patra MK, Mishra GK, Singh V, Upmanyu V, Saxena AC, Singh SK, Das GK, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Endometrial transcripts of proinflammatory cytokine and enzymes in prostaglandin synthesis are upregulated in the bitches with atrophic pyometra. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 205:65-71. [PMID: 30459003 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory markers of endometrial origin are valuable in order to differentiate the pyometra from cystic endometrial hyperplasia in the bitch. In the present study, we hypothesized that histological categorization would distinguish the differential regulation of the proinflammatory genes in the endometrium of bitches with pyometra. Ovariohysterectomy was done on bitches with confirmatory diagnosis of pyometra (n = 18). Using endometrium to myometrium ratio of 0.79 as threshold, the uteri (n = 8/group) were categorized into hyperplastic pyometra (HP) and atrophic pyometra (AP). Two samples were excluded as the diagnosis was inconclusive. In parallel, endometrial tissue was collected for total RNA extraction to study the differential expression of TLR4, IL-6, IL-8, COX-2 and PGFS through real time PCR. Diestrus uterus of non-pyometra bitches (n = 6) served as control. The mean fold change (2-ΔΔCt) for the target genes was determined using β-actin as endogenous control and non-pyometra uterus as calibrator group. Except TLR4, other inflammatory genes were upregulated significantly by 1.82 to 3.74 times in the AP as compared to HP with maximum upregulation of COX-2 and PGFS. Further, correlation matrix with Spearman's rho revealed that IL-8 had strong positive correlation with COX-2 and PGFS in the AP group (P < 0.05). It is concluded that histological grading of pyometra into HP and AP revealed differential regulation of inflammatory cytokines and enzymes in the PG synthetic pathway in the canine endometrium that has diagnostic potential under clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laishram Kipjen Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India.
| | - Girish Kumar Mishra
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Vidya Singh
- Pathology Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Vikramaditya Upmanyu
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Abhishek C Saxena
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Das
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Harendra Kumar
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Narayanan Krishnaswamy
- Animal Reproduction Division, ICAR - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mishra GK, Patra MK, Singh LK, Upmanyu V, Chakravarti S, M. K, Singh SK, Das GK, Kumar H, Krisnaswami N. Kiss1 and its receptor: molecular characterization and immunolocalization in the hypothalamus and corpus luteum of the buffalo. Anim Biotechnol 2018; 30:342-351. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2018.1520715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Girish Kumar Mishra
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manas Kumar Patra
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Laishram Kipjen Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikramaditya Upmanyu
- Biological Standardization Division, Indian Veterinary research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soumendu Chakravarti
- Division of Biological Products, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karikalan M.
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation Management and Disease Surveillance, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Das
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harendra Kumar
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Narayanan Krisnaswami
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lone SA, Prasad JK, Ghosh SK, Das GK, Balamurugan B, Verma MR. Study on correlation of sperm quality parameters with antioxidant and oxidant status of buffalo bull semen during various stages of cryopreservation. Andrologia 2018; 50:e12970. [PMID: 29430680 DOI: 10.1111/and.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation was carried out to study the correlation of sperm quality parameters with antioxidant and oxidant status of buffalo bull semen during various stages of cryopreservation. Semen samples were evaluated for sperm parameters (mass motility [MM], concentration [CON], progressive motility [PM], viability [VIB], acrosomal integrity [AI] and hypo-osmotic swelling [HOS] response), antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) and oxidants (Lipid peroxidation [LPO] and reactive oxygen species [ROS]) at fresh, pre-freeze and post-thaw stages. Sperm parameters (PM, VIB, AI and HOS response) and antioxidants (SOD, CAT and TAC) were significantly (p < .05) reduced at fresh stage, and oxidants (LPO and ROS) were significantly (p < .05) increased at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages. At fresh stage, MM was negatively correlated with LPO (p < .05), and CON was positively correlated with SOD, TAC and CAT, negatively correlated with LPO and CAT was positively (p < .01) correlated with VIB and HOS response. At pre-freeze stage, CAT was positively correlated with PM and AI (p < .05), and AI was negatively (p < .05) correlated with ROS. At post-thaw stage, CAT was positively correlated with PM, VIB, HOS response and AI,, and LPO was negatively correlated with HOS, AI and VIB. The study of correlations of these parameters at different preservation stages with bull fertility may play an important role in developing models for predicting future fertility of bulls in the absence of conception rate data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Lone
- Animal Reproduction, Gynecology & Obstetrics, Artificial Breeding Research Center (ABRC), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - J K Prasad
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - S K Ghosh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - G K Das
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - B Balamurugan
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics and Statistics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Balamurugan B, Ghosh SK, Lone SA, Prasad JK, Das GK, Katiyar R, Mustapha AR, Kumar A, Verma MR. Effect of Liquid Nitrogen Flushing of Extender on Seminal Antioxidant Profile of Murrah Buffalo during Cryopreservation. Cryo Letters 2018; 39:279-287. [PMID: 30963159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dissolved oxygen in the extender may act as a source for the production of reactive oxygen species that may lead to reduced seminal antioxidant profile which in turn may be responsible for impaired frozen thawed sperm quality and fertility. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of adding liquid nitrogen into the extender on semen freezability and seminal antioxidant profile in buffalo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semen extender was prepared freshly and divided into two sub extenders namely, Extender I: control (non deoxygenated) and Extender II: partially deoxygenated by using LN2 flushing). The estimation of dissolved oxygen (DO) level was done in both extenders. Semen samples with mass motility of ≥ 3+ and individual progressive motility of 70% and above, collected from murrah buffalo bulls were utilized for the present study. Each semen sample was split into two group's viz., group I: diluted with extender I and group II: diluted with extender II up to 60×106 sperm/mL. The diluted semen samples were packed into French mini straws (0.25 mL), sealed with polyvinyl alcohol powder, kept for 3 h at 5°C for equilibration and then kept in automatic programmable freezer until temperature of straws reached -145°C followed by plunging into liquid nitrogen (-196°C). The evaluation of semen samples was carried out for various seminal attributes (sperm motility, live sperm count, acrosomal integrity, and hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) response) and antioxidant profile (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) at pre freeze and post thaw stage. RESULTS Sperm motility, live sperm count, acrosomal integrity, HOS response were significantly (P<0.05) higher in group II as compared to group I. The average seminal SOD, GPx and TAC levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in group II as compared to group I at pre freeze and post thaw stage. CONCLUSION It is concluded that partial deoxygenation of the extender prior to its addition to semen enhances sperm quality in terms of sperm motility, live sperm count, acrosomal integrity, and hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) response and also improves seminal antioxidant profile (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Balamurugan
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S K Ghosh
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S A Lone
- Artificial Breeding Research Center (ABRC), Animal Reproduction, Gynecology and Obstetrics, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - J K Prasad
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - G K Das
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - R Katiyar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - A R Mustapha
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - A Kumar
- Biochemistry Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India. Division of Livestock Economics and Statistics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - M R Verma
- Biochemistry Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India. Division of Livestock Economics and Statistics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Behera BK, Sharma CG, Singh SK, Kumar H, Chaudhari RK, Mahla AS, Das GK, Krishnaswamy N. Relationship between endometritis and oxidative stress in the follicular fluid and luteal function in the buffalo. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:844-7. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- BK Behera
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - CG Sharma
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - SK Singh
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - H Kumar
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - RK Chaudhari
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - AS Mahla
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - GK Das
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| | - N Krishnaswamy
- Animal Reproduction Division; ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sahu PK, Das GK, Malik A, Biakthangi L. Dry Eye Following Phacoemulsification Surgery and its Relation to Associated Intraoperative Risk Factors. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2016; 22:472-7. [PMID: 26692720 PMCID: PMC4660535 DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.151871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose was to study dry eye following phacoemulsification surgery and analyze its relation to associated intra-operative risk factors. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out on 100 eyes of 100 patients without preoperative dry eye. Schirmer's Test I, tear meniscus height, tear break-up time, and lissamine green staining of cornea and conjunctiva were performed preoperatively and at 5 days, 10 days, 1-month, and 2 months after phacoemulsification surgery, along with the assessment of subjective symptoms, using the dry eye questionnaire. The correlations between these values and the operating microscope light exposure time along with the cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) were investigated. Results: There was a significant deterioration of all dry eye test values following phacoemulsification surgery along with an increase in subjective symptoms. These values started improving after 1-month postoperatively, but preoperative levels were not achieved till 2 months after surgery. Correlations of dry eye test values were noted with the operating microscope light exposure time and CDE, but they were not significant. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification surgery is capable of inducing dry eye, and patients should be informed accordingly prior to surgery. The clinician should also be cognizant that increased CDE can induce dry eyes even in eyes that were healthy preoperatively. In addition, intraoperative exposure to the microscopic light should be minimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Sahu
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - G K Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Aman Malik
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Laura Biakthangi
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lone SA, Prasad JK, Ghosh SK, Das GK, Balamurugan B, Katiyar R, Verma MR. Effect of incubation on freezability of cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin treated buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa. Vet World 2016; 9:182-5. [PMID: 27051205 PMCID: PMC4819369 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.182-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of incubation on freezability of cholesterol loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) treated buffalo spermatozoa. Materials and Methods: Semen samples with mass motility of 3+ and greater, collected from Murrah buffalo bulls were utilized. Immediately after collection, four equal groups of semen sample were made. Group I was kept as control and diluted with Tris upto concentration of 60×106 sperm/ml, where as Groups II, III, and IV were treated with CLC at 3 mg/120× 106 spermatozoa, incubated at 37°C for action of CLC for 10, 15 and 20 min, respectively, and diluted with tris upto concentration of 60×106 sperm/ml. All groups were subjected to equilibration and freezing. The evaluation of semen samples from all groups was carried out at fresh, pre-freeze and post-thaw stage for progressive motility, viability and hypo-osmotic swelling response (HOS response). Results: At the pre-freeze stage, significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage of progressive motility and viability was observed in treatment groups as compared to control with no significant difference among treatment groups. HOS response was significantly (p<0.05) higher in treatment groups as compared to control at pre-freeze stage. At post-thaw stage, significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage of progressive motility, viability and HOS response was recorded in Group II as compared to control and other treatment groups (III and IV). Group II retained significant post-thaw motility and viability at various post-thaw incubation periods. Conclusion: Incubation period of 10 min for CLC treated buffalo spermatozoa yielded significantly higher results in terms of freezability as compared to incubation for 15 and 20 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Lone
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Gynecology & Obstetrics, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132001, Haryana, India
| | - J K Prasad
- Germplasm Centre, Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Ghosh
- Germplasm Centre, Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G K Das
- Germplasm Centre, Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - B Balamurugan
- Germplasm Centre, Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Katiyar
- Germplasm Centre, Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics and Statistics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly - 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gupta M, Dangi SS, Chouhan VS, Hyder I, Babitha V, Yadav VP, Khan FA, Sonwane A, Singh G, Das GK, Mitra A, Bag S, Sarkar M. Expression and localization of ghrelin and its functional receptor in corpus luteum during different stages of estrous cycle and the modulatory role of ghrelin on progesterone production in cultured luteal cells in buffalo. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2014; 48:21-32. [PMID: 24906925 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Evidence obtained during recent years provided has insight into the regulation of corpus luteum (CL) development, function, and regression by locally produced ghrelin. The present study was carried out to evaluate the expression and localization of ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R1a) in bubaline CL during different stages of the estrous cycle and investigate the role of ghrelin on progesterone (P4) production along with messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of P4 synthesis intermediates. The mRNA and protein expression of ghrelin and GHS-R1a was significantly greater in mid- and late luteal phases. Both factors were localized in luteal cells, exclusively in the cytoplasm. Immunoreactivity of ghrelin and GHS-R1a was greater during mid- and late luteal phases. Luteal cells were cultured in vitro and treated with ghrelin each at 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL concentrations for 48 h after obtaining 75% to 80% confluence. At a dose of 1 ng/mL, there was no significant difference in P4 secretion between control and treatment group. At 10 and 100 ng/mL, there was a decrease (P < 0.05) in P4 concentration, cytochrome P45011A1 (CYP11A1), and 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA expression and localization. There was no difference in mRNA expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein between control and treatment group. In summary, the present study provided evidence that ghrelin and its receptor are expressed in bubaline CL and are localized exclusively in the cell cytoplasm and ghrelin has an inhibitory effect on P4 production in buffalo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Gupta
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - S S Dangi
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - I Hyder
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - V Babitha
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - V P Yadav
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - F A Khan
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - A Sonwane
- Animal Genetics Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - G K Das
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - A Mitra
- Animal Genetics Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ajevar G, Muthu S, Sarkar M, Kumar H, Das GK, Krishnaswamy N. Transcriptional profile of endometrial TLR4 and 5 genes during the estrous cycle and uterine infection in the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Vet Res Commun 2014; 38:171-6. [PMID: 24531997 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-014-9594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is one of the leading causes of infertility in the cattle and buffalo and innate immune mechanism plays an important role in clearing the infection. In this regard, endometrial expression and function of Toll Like Receptors (TLR) are focus of investigation in the recent years. In this study, we report the transcriptional profiles of TLR4 and 5 in the buffalo endometrium during the follicular, early, mid and late luteal phases of estrous cycle and 'subclinical and clinical endometritis' and also at true anestrus (n = 10 for each stage) using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR as they are the ligands for the lipopolysaccharide and flagellin components of E.coli, the most common cause of postpartum endometritis. We found a significant positive correlation between TLR4 and 5 in all the groups (r = 0.696-0.803; P < 0.05) except late luteal phase (r = 0.522; P > 0.05). Chi-square analysis showed that the qualitative expression of endometrial TLR4 and 5 transcripts was significantly associated with the phase of estrous cycle and also with uterine infection (P < 0.05). Further, using true anestrus category as a calibrator group, relative quantitation of TLR4 and 5 revealed that the transcriptional expression of TLR4 and 5 genes were highly upregulated (24.6-83.3 folds) during endometritis conditions and moderately upregulated during mid-luteal phase (6.8-16.2) of the estrous cycle (P < 0.05). The results suggested a role of progesterone in the expression of TLR4 and 5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Ajevar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, 243 122
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chouhan VS, Panda RP, Yadav VP, Babitha V, Khan FA, Das GK, Gupta M, Dangi SS, Singh G, Bag S, Sharma GT, Berisha B, Schams D, Sarkar M. Expression and Localization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its Receptors in the Corpus Luteum During Oestrous Cycle in Water Buffaloes(Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48:810-8. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VS Chouhan
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - RP Panda
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - VP Yadav
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - V Babitha
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - FA Khan
- Department of Animal Sciences and D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program; University of Florida; Gainesville; FL; USA
| | - GK Das
- Animal Reproduction Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - M Gupta
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - SS Dangi
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - GT Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| | - B Berisha
- Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary; University of Prishtina; Prishtinë; Kosovo
| | - D Schams
- Physiology Weihenstephan; Technical University Munich; Freising; Germany
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Bareilly; India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Srivastava N, Srivastava SK, Ghosh SK, Jerome A, Das GK, Mehrotra S. Sequestration of PDC-109 Protein by Specific Antibodies and Egg Yolk Cryoprotects Bull Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48:724-31. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Srivastava
- Animal Reproduction Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar; UP; India
| | - SK Srivastava
- Animal Reproduction Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar; UP; India
| | - SK Ghosh
- Animal Reproduction Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar; UP; India
| | - A Jerome
- Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes; Hisar; Hariana; UP; India
| | - GK Das
- Animal Reproduction Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar; UP; India
| | - S Mehrotra
- Animal Reproduction Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar; UP; India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar L, Panda RP, Hyder I, Yadav VP, Sastry KVH, Sharma GT, Mahapatra RK, Bag S, Bhure SK, Das GK, Mitra A, Sarkar M. Expression of leptin and its receptor in corpus luteum during estrous cycle in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 135:8-17. [PMID: 22959515 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is supposed to play a crucial role in ovarian luteal dynamics. The present study was aimed to investigate the importance of leptin and its receptors in buffalo corpus luteum (CL) obtained from different stages of the estrous cycle. Real-time RT-PCR (qPCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry techniques were applied to investigate mRNA expression, protein expression and localization of examined factors. Additionally to assess the contribution of leptin in progesterone production the expression profiles of StAR, P450scc and HSD were also investigated. In general, we demonstrated presence of leptin and its receptors in buffalo CL during the estrous cycle. The mRNA levels of leptin and its receptors were significantly up regulated in (P<0.05) in all the stages and highest levels were observed in mid and late luteal stages consistent with in vivo luteinization of buffalo CL and declined coincidental to luteal regression. The expression of StAR, P450scc and HSD factors maintained low in early luteal phase, after that level of expression increased steadily to show a significant rise (P<0.05) in mid luteal phase followed by gradual decline in late luteal phase and regressed CL and this correlates well with the Ob and ObR receptor activity, verifying their key role in progesterone and other steroids production in functional CL. As revealed by immunohistochemistry, leptin protein was localized predominantly in large luteal cells however leptin receptor (Ob-R) was localized in large luteal cells as well as in endothelial cells. It can be concluded from our study that leptin via its autocrine/paracrine effects play a significant role in promoting angiogenesis, steroidogenesis and also acts as key survival factor in bubaline CL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kumar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pande M, Das GK, Khan FA, Sarkar M, Prasad JK, Pathak MC, Kumar H. Uterine Infection Influences Size and Follicular Fluid Composition of the Largest Follicle in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:79-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02034.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
24
|
Khan FA, Das GK, Pande M, Mir RA, Shankar U. Changes in biochemical composition of follicular fluid during reproductive acyclicity in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 127:38-42. [PMID: 21840653 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the changes in biochemical composition of follicular fluid during reproductive acyclicity in buffalo. A total of 73 pairs of ovaries collected from 26 reproductively acyclic and 47 reproductively cyclic buffaloes were used in the investigation. Ovarian follicles were classified into small (5.0-6.9 mm), medium (7.0-9.9 mm) and large (≥10.0 mm) sized categories depending upon their diameter. Follicular fluid was aspirated, processed and assayed for glucose, cholesterol, total protein, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. Glucose concentration was lesser in reproductively acyclic compared to cyclic buffaloes (19.3 ± 2.59 mg/dl compared to 32.6 ± 2.60 mg/dl; P<0.05), mainly due to difference in concentration between small sized follicles (12.4 ± 2.59 mg/dl compared to 28.0 ± 3.32 mg/dl; P<0.05). Cholesterol concentration was also lesser in reproductively acyclic compared to cyclic buffaloes (32.2 ± 2.14 mg/dl compared to 35.5 ± 2.16 mg/dl; P<0.05) and this was related to the lesser concentration found in large follicles (13.8 ± 3.45 mg/dl compared to 37.2 ± 4.10mg/dl; P<0.001). Total protein and acid phosphatase levels were not affected by either the reproductive cyclicity status or the follicular size (4.9 ± 1.07 g/dl to 6.0 ± 0.28 g/dl and 1.2 ± 0.17 U/dl to 2.5 ± 1.22 U/dl, respectively). An increased alkaline phosphatase activity was, however, observed in reproductively acyclic compared to cyclic buffaloes (27.5 ± 3.08 U/dl compared to 14.0 ± 1.09 U/dl; P<0.0001). In conclusion, results of the present study indicate an alteration in the biochemical composition of follicular fluid during reproductive acyclicity in buffalo. The findings provide further support to the notion that poor nutrition is an important factor triggering reproductive acyclicity in buffalo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F A Khan
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Biswas NR, Das GK, Dubey AK. Monoclonal antibodies in ophthalmology. Nepal Med Coll J 2010; 12:264-271. [PMID: 21744772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibodies can selectively target specific molecules, proteins or receptors in the body responsible for pathogenesis of a particular disorder. Some cytokines play key role in the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, neovascular age related macular degeneration, glaucoma and many other inflammatory conditions of eye. Monoclonal antibodies against VEGF and TNF-alpha such as bevacizumab, ranibizumab, infliximab and adalimumab have been used to control neovascularization and inflammation in eye with significant positive results whereas others have been used to target CD20, CD52, CD11a, and IL-2. The growing interest in these drugs with current progress in biotechnology and genetic engineering has kindled active research and with more understanding of the molecular basis of many ocular disorders these antibodies are being explored in a variety of different pathological conditions of the eye. Various sight threatening serious eye disorders which are resistant to the conventional available therapy have responded favorably to these drugs. Despite the limitations of high cost and uncertainty around long term safety profile, rational use of the monoclonal antibodies holds immense promise in management of various ocular conditions.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adalimumab
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived/therapeutic use
- Antigens, CD20/drug effects
- Bevacizumab
- Choroidal Neovascularization/drug therapy
- Diabetic Retinopathy/drug therapy
- Eye Diseases/drug therapy
- Humans
- Infliximab
- Intravitreal Injections
- Macular Degeneration/drug therapy
- Ranibizumab
- Rituximab
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N R Biswas
- BP Koirala (BPKIHS) Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The present short communication puts on record a case of bilateral, multiple follicular cysts in a water buffalo along with a detailed description of its ovarian biometry and follicular fluid composition. The ovarian weight and biometrical parameters were much higher than in normal cycling buffaloes. A total of three follicular cysts were observed, two on the right ovary and one on the left ovary, measuring 4.9, 3.0 and 2.6 cm yielding 21, 9 and 5 ml of follicular fluid, respectively. The cystic fluid was deep yellow in colour with a viscous consistency. The follicular fluid concentrations of glucose, total protein, cholesterol, acid phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus and progesterone in all the cysts were within the range reported previously in normal buffalo follicular fluid; however, the alkaline phosphatase concentration in cyst 1 and total bilirubin concentration in cysts 1 and 2 were higher than the values in normal follicular fluid. In contrast, the levels of urea nitrogen in cysts 1 and 3, and oestradiol in cyst 3 were lower than the normal values. All the three follicles had an oestradiol to progesterone ratio less than 1. The results of our study suggest that follicular cysts in buffalo are oestrogenically inactive and have an altered concentration of certain biochemical and hormonal constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F A Khan
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- G K Das
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Biswas NR, Nainiwal SK, Das GK, Langan U, Dadeya SC, Mongre PK, Ravi AK, Baidya P. Comparative randomised controlled clinical trial of a herbal eye drop with artificial tear and placebo in computer vision syndrome. J Indian Med Assoc 2003; 101:208-9, 212. [PMID: 14603980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
A comparative randomised double masked multicentric clinical trial has been conducted to find out the efficacy and safety of a herbal eye drop preparation, itone eye drops with artificial tear and placebo in 120 patients with computer vision syndrome. Patients using computer for at least 2 hours continuosly per day having symptoms of irritation, foreign body sensation, watering, redness, headache, eyeache and signs of conjunctival congestion, mucous/debris, corneal filaments, corneal staining or lacrimal lake were included in this study. Every patient was instructed to put two drops of either herbal drugs or placebo or artificial tear in the eyes regularly four times for 6 weeks. Objective and subjective findings were recorded at bi-weekly intervals up to six weeks. Side-effects, if any, were also noted. In computer vision syndrome the herbal eye drop preparation was found significantly better than artificial tear (p < 0.01). No side-effects were noted by any of the drugs. Both subjective and objective improvements were observed in itone treated cases. So, itone can be considered as a useful drug in computer vision syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N R Biswas
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Biswas NR, Gupta SK, Das GK, Kumar N, Mongre PK, Haldar D, Beri S. Evaluation of Ophthacare eye drops--a herbal formulation in the management of various ophthalmic disorders. Phytother Res 2001; 15:618-20. [PMID: 11746845 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An open prospective multicentre clinical trial was conducted in patients suffering from various ophthalmic disorders namely, conjunctivitis, conjunctival xerosis (dry eye), acute dacryocystitis, degenerative conditions (pterygium or pinguecula) and postoperative cataract patients with a herbal eye drop preparation (Ophthacare) containing basic principles of different herbs which have been conventionally used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine since time immemorial. These include Carum copticum, Terminalia belirica, Emblica officinalis, Curcuma longa, Ocimum sanctum, Cinnamomum camphora, Rosa damascena and meldespumapum. These herbs reportedly possess antiinfective and antiinflammatory properties. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the role of this herbal product in a variety of eye ailments. Side effects, if any, were noted during the study. An improvement was observed with the treatment of the herbal eye drop treatment in most cases. There were no side effects observed during the course of the study and the eye drop was well tolerated by the patients. The herbal eye drop Ophthacare has a useful role in a variety of infective, inflammatory and degenerative ophthalmic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N R Biswas
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhattacharyya D, Das GK, Burma DP. Peptidyl transferase activity of tRNA: a quantum chemical study. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2001; 38:48-52. [PMID: 11563330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of protein synthesis is still unknown due to inability to detect the so-called enzyme "peptidyl transferase" even after elucidation of high-resolution crystal structure of ribosome. We have recently shown by model building and semi-empirical energy calculation that the tRNA molecule at P-site of ribosome may act as peptidyl transferase (Das et al. (1999) J. Theor. Biol. 200, 193-205). We proposed that the tetrahedral intermediate formed from nucleophylic attack of CO of P-site amino-acylated tRNA by NH2 of A-site amino-acylated tRNA is converted to a six-member ring intermediate by conformational change. This ring intermediate produces a free tRNA and a tRNA covalently linked to a peptide. However, energy of the six-member ring intermediate was calculated to be quite high. We show here that the energy values of all the reactants, intermediates and products are within the expected range when they are calculated using high level ab initio quantum chemical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bhattacharyya
- Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 37 Belgachia Road, Calcutta 700037, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Biswas NR, Mongre PK, Das GK, Sen S, Angra SK, Vajpayee RB. Animal study on the effects of catalin on aftercataract and posterior capsule opacification. Ophthalmic Res 2000; 31:140-2. [PMID: 9933777 DOI: 10.1159/000055526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To find out the role of Catalin in the prevention of posterior capsular opacification (PCO), we undertook this experimental study in rabbits. METHODS Twenty rabbits (10 for the Catalin group and 10 for the placebo group) were operated on for extracapsular clear lens extraction in an aseptic environment. In all cases, capsulorrhexis of 8 mm diameter was carried out. Both the test drug and placebo were given at a dose of 4 times/day from the first postoperative day for 8 weeks. Common drugs in both groups were topical corticosteroid, antibiotic and cycloplegic drops. Periodic slitlamp examinations and photographic documentations were carried out to find any evidence of aftercataract. At the end ot 8 weeks, histopathological examination was carried out to document any evidence of aftercataract. RESULT Overall, evidence of aftercataract was seen in 6 rabbits in the control group and 3 in the Catalin group; the degree of PCO was higher in the placebo group. CONCLUSION We found that Catalin played some role in preventing PCO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N R Biswas
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences and Divisions of Ocular Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Panda A, Das GK, Biswas NR, Mittal D, Mohanty S. Therapy of acanthamoeba keratitis--an experimental study. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2000; 44:363-7. [PMID: 10941629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the efficacy of various drugs/agents in the treatment of experimentally induced Acanthamoeba Keratitis (A. keratitis). Thirty rabbits were divided into 5 equal treatment groups and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) 0.02%, fluconazole 0.2%, povidone iodine 5%, aprotinin 40 IU/ml and normal saline were administered in a double blind manner, at a dose of one drop, 5 times/day. Neomycin 1700 U/ml was used as a common drug in all groups, with same frequency. Post therapy subsidence of lid oedema, mucopurulent discharge, conjunctival congestion, corneal epithelial defect and anterior chamber reactions were noted. Average healing time in days (Mean +/- S.D.) were 13.67 +/- 1.21, 22 +/- 1.41, 23.5 +/- 1.05, 17.0 +/- 1.41 and 28.0 +/- 1.90 for PHMB, fluconazole, povidone iodine, aprotinin and normal saline respectively. Lid oedema, mucopurulent discharge and conjunctival congestion improved faster in PHMB and aprotinin treated eyes. The results of this study suggest that PHMB is a better drug for A. keratitis, while aprotinin may be used as an adjuvant drug in the management of A. keratitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Panda
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Ribosome, the ubiquitous organelle, is the site for protein synthesis in all types of cells. The consecutive peptide bonds are formed by the transpeptidation reaction between carboxyl group of peptidyl moiety and the amino group of the aminoacyl moiety. Both the moieties are attached to the appropiate tRNAs positioned on the ribosome at P and A sites, respectively, through codon-anticodon recognition directed by messenger RNA. The reaction seems to proceed by the nucleophillic attack of the amino group of the aminoacyl tRNA at the A site and on the carboxyl of the ester group of the tRNA at P-site of ribosome. The configuration of the carbon atom of the tetrahedral intermediate may be R or S depending on the direction of the nucleophillic attack. After selecting the favorable conformation of this tetrahedral intermediate quantum mechanical calculations have been carried out to determine the energy needed for its formation. A cyclic intermediate where 2'-OH of the ribose sugar of the P-site tRNA is a member of the ring can be formed from the tetrahedral intermediate. This cyclic intermediate produces a free tRNA and a tRNA attached to a planar peptide unit. Analysis of the energetics using semiempirical method for the formation of a cyclic intermediate indicates that the peptide bond formation through the tetrahedral intermediate in S configuration may not need assistance from any outside agent like an enzyme
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G K Das
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate nine eyes that developed corneal infection after radial keratotomy (RK) and their subsequent management. SETTING Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, New Delhi, India. METHOD The parameters evaluated were interval between RK and development of the ulcer, number of keratotomy incisions, nature of surgery (primary or secondary), status at presentation, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Corneal scrapings were taken from all eyes for microbiological evaluation. Initial therapy was based on clinical impression and subsequent therapy, on the microbiological report. RESULTS Staphylococcus species were the most frequently isolated bacteria followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Two eyes had fungal growth, and no organisms were isolated from one. All but one eye responded to medical therapy; healing took 23 to 26 days. Therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) was done in one eye. Presenting BCVA of hand movement to 6/36 improved to hand movement to 6/18 after the ulcer healed. Final BCVA was 6/36 to 6/9 after lamellar keratoplasty or PKP or with contact lens of spectacle correction. CONCLUSION Our study shows that corneal infection is a potential complication of RK. Therefore, persistent postoperative irritation should be carefully observed to ensure early diagnosis and prompt therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Panda
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the efficacy and safety of intraoperative application of mitomycin C in surgery for pterygium. METHODS In a prospective randomized and double-blind study done within a span of 2.5 years in 50 eyes (50 patients) with primary progressive pterygium, mitomycin C in a concentration of 0.02 mg/ml soaked in a sterile 5 x 5-mm sponge was applied over the bare sclera intraoperatively as an adjuvant therapy in 25 eyes after pterygium excision. These cases were compared with another 25 similar eyes that underwent the same procedure but in which gentamicin solution 0.3% was used instead of mitomycin C solution. RESULTS Three eyes (12%) in the mitomycin C group showed recurrence within 7 months of surgery compared with eight eyes (32%) of the gentamicin control group within 3 to 5 months. Mild side effects, such as pain, photophobia, and delayed wound healing, were observed within the first 1 to 2 weeks postoperative in both groups. In the mitomycin C-treated group, corneal changes in the form of superficial punctate keratitis (three eyes) and limbal avascularity (two eyes) subsided within 2 weeks postoperatively. Follow-up time for these cases ranged from 18 to 21 months. CONCLUSIONS A diluted solution of mitomycin C, 0.02 mg/ml, with an accurate size of sterile sponge applied to bare sclera after primary pterygium excision decreases the rate of recurrence to a greater extent than does gentamicin solution and is not associated with severe complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Panda
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Beri S, Biswas NR, Shende DR, Das GK, Pandey RM, Ghose S. Injectable centbucridine and lidocaine hydrochloride for intraocular surgery. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997; 28:1027-9. [PMID: 9427994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Beri
- Division of Ocular Pharmacology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Biswas NR, Beri S, Das GK, Mongre PK. Comparative double blind multicentric randomised placebo controlled clinical trial of a herbal preparation of eye drops in some ocular ailments. J Indian Med Assoc 1996; 94:101-2. [PMID: 8810206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A double masked placebo controlled multicentric randomised clinical trial was conducted in 157 patients suffering from different eye ailments namely, cataract, dry eye syndrome, ocular asthenia, refractive errors and allergic conjunctivitis with a herbal eye drop preparation and placebo. In both dry eye syndrome and ocular asthenia the herbal eye drop preparation was found better than placebo. In a few cases of cataract, the vision seems to be improved. In early myopia it seems to correct the refractive errors while in high myopic conditions it controlled the progressive deteriorations. Subjective improvements were also noted with hypermetropia, presbyopia and astigmatism. Its healing capacity in allergic conjunctivitis was certainly better than placebo. It had no short term or long term side-effects. It is considered to be a useful drug in all conditions studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N R Biswas
- Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tandon R, Menon V, Das GK, Verma L. Toxoplasmic papillitis with central retinal artery occlusion. Can J Ophthalmol 1995; 30:374-6. [PMID: 8963940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Tandon
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Das GK, Pandey RM, Biswas NR. Comparative double masked randomised placebo controlled clinical trial of a herbal eye drop preparation in trachoma and conjunctivitis. J Indian Med Assoc 1995; 93:383-4. [PMID: 9053413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A double blind controlled clinical trial has been done with a herbal eye drop preparation in case of trachoma stage III and chronic conjunctivitis of the eyes. In both trachoma and chronic conjunctivitis, the herbal eye drop formulation proved its superiority over placebo. Side-effects (burning sensations) were observed with normal saline which was used as placebo. But no side-effects were observed in the patients of trachoma and conjunctivitis who got the active drug. Both objective and subjective improvements were observed with the herbal eye drop preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G K Das
- Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Panda A, Das GK, Khokhar S, Rao V. Efficacy of four antiviral agents in the treatment of uncomplicated herpetic keratitis. Can J Ophthalmol 1995; 30:256-8. [PMID: 8529160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of four antiviral agents--1% idoxuridine ointment (group 1), 2% trifluorothymidine ointment (group 2), 3% acyclovir ointment (group 3) and 1% bromovinyldeoxyuridine (BVDU) ointment (group 4)--in herpes simplex keratitis. DESIGN Randomized double-blinded clinical trial. SETTING Tertiary care institution in New Delhi. PATIENTS Eighty patients with uncomplicated herpes simplex keratitis of recent onset who had not previously received antiviral treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cure rate, frequency and severity of side effects. RESULTS Cure rates of 60%, 90%, 90% and 95% were obtained in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The average healing time was 13.4, 8.9, 8.5 and 7.5 days respectively. Side effects (follicular conjunctivitis, epithelial keratopathy and stinging) were more frequent in group 1 than in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS BVDU has a more pronounced therapeutic effect than idoxuridine, trifluorothymidine and acyclovir in uncomplicated epithelial herpetic disease of recent onset that has not previously been treated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Panda
- Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Panda A, Khokhar S, Rao V, Das GK, Sharma N. Therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in nonhealing corneal ulcer. Ophthalmic Surg 1995; 26:325-9. [PMID: 8532284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Results of penetrating keratoplasty in 443 eyes of 439 patients of active infective corneal ulcers, from a period of 10 years, were analyzed. All these eyes were proven refractory to maximal medical therapy for extended periods of time, in some cases more than 6 weeks. As the surgery was performed during the active stage, the outcome was not favorable functionally. Clinical cure was obtained, however, by therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in all but 27 of these eyes. Of unsuccessful cases, 16 could be saved with additional medical therapy, two led to phthisis bulbi, and nine required repeat therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty. Complications encountered included disturbances in intraocular dynamics such as extrusion of the lens and vitreous during surgery, secondary rise of intraocular pressure leading to damage of the optic nerve, loss of the eye due to above factors, and reinfection. The anatomical success achieved was 97% with graft clarity of 2+ or more in 39% of eyes. Useful vision, ie, better than or equal to 6/60, was possible in 33% of eyes. Thus, therapeutic keratoplasty in refractory corneal ulcer still has scope in a Third-World country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Panda
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chaudhury ML, Das GK, Chatterjee D. Old rupture of the uterus. J Indian Med Assoc 1988; 86:100-1. [PMID: 3171195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
43
|
Sarangi A, Patnaik BC, Das GC, Tripathy N, Misra G, Swain AK, Das GK. Renal involvement in viperine snakebite. Indian J Med Res 1980; 71:918-23. [PMID: 7419258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
|