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Edelson JL, Schneider LD, Amar D, Brink-Kjaer A, Cederberg KL, Kutalik Z, Hagen EW, Peppard PE, Tempaku PF, Tufik S, Evans DS, Stone K, Tranah G, Cade B, Redline S, Haba-Rubio J, Heinzer R, Marques-Vidal P, Vollenweider P, Winkelmann J, Zou J, Mignot E. The genetic etiology of periodic limb movement in sleep. Sleep 2023; 46:zsac121. [PMID: 35670608 PMCID: PMC10091093 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Periodic limb movement in sleep is a common sleep phenotype characterized by repetitive leg movements that occur during or before sleep. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) using a joint analysis (i.e., discovery, replication, and joint meta-analysis) of four cohorts (MrOS, the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, HypnoLaus, and MESA), comprised of 6843 total subjects. METHODS The MrOS study and Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study (N = 1745 cases) were used for discovery. Replication in the HypnoLaus and MESA cohorts (1002 cases) preceded joint meta-analysis. We also performed LD score regression, estimated heritability, and computed genetic correlations between potentially associated traits such as restless leg syndrome (RLS) and insomnia. The causality and direction of the relationships between PLMS and RLS was evaluated using Mendelian randomization. RESULTS We found 2 independent loci were significantly associated with PLMS: rs113851554 (p = 3.51 × 10-12, β = 0.486), an SNP located in a putative regulatory element of intron eight of MEIS1 (2p14); and rs9369062 (p = 3.06 × 10-22, β = 0.2093), a SNP located in the intron region of BTBD9 (6p12); both of which were also lead signals in RLS GWAS. PLMS is genetically correlated with insomnia, risk of stroke, and RLS, but not with iron deficiency. Pleiotropy adjusted Mendelian randomization analysis identified a causal effect of RLS on PLMS. CONCLUSIONS Because PLMS is more common than RLS, PLMS may have multiple causes and additional studies are needed to further validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Edelson
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
| | - Logan D Schneider
- Stanford/VA Alzheimer’s Research Center, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
- Stanford Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
| | - David Amar
- Stanford Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
| | - Andreas Brink-Kjaer
- Stanford Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
| | - Katie L Cederberg
- Stanford Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Erika W Hagen
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Paul E Peppard
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021002, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Katie Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Greg Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Brian Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 102115, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 102115, USA
| | - Jose Haba-Rubio
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Heinzer
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Center Munich (HMGU) Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- School of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics Synergy, Cluster of Neuroscience Munich, 52246 Munich, Germany
| | - James Zou
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Stanford Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94603, USA
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Stone K, Blackwell T, Yaffe K, Zeitzer J, Ancoli-Israel S, Redline S, Leng Y, Tranah G. Non-parametric analysis of rest-activity rhythms and risk of incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia in older women. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tranah G, Blackwell T, Zeitzer J, Lane N, Cawthon P, Redline S, Mariani S, Stone K. ASSOCIATIONS OF REST-ACTIVITY RHYTHMS WITH FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS IN OLDER ADULTS: THE SOF AND MROS STUDIES. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Zeitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University
| | | | - P Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute and Associate Adjunct Professor Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco
| | - S Redline
- Brigham & Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School
| | - S Mariani
- Brigham & Women’s Hospital; Harvard Medical School
| | - K Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center
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Rogers-Soeder TS, Blackwell T, Yaffe K, Ancoli-Israel S, Redline S, Cauley JA, Ensrud KE, Paudel M, Barrett-Connor E, LeBlanc E, Stone K, Lane NE, Tranah G. Rest-Activity Rhythms and Cognitive Decline in Older Men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Sleep Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 66:2136-2143. [PMID: 30136716 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine rest-activity circadian rhythm (RAR) and cognitive decline in older men. DESIGN Longitudinal. SETTING Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) and ancillary Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Men (MrOS Sleep) studies. PARTICIPANTS MrOS and MrOS Sleep participants (N=2,754; mean age 76.0 ± 5.3). MEASUREMENTS The Modified Mini-Mental State examination (3MS) was used to assess cognition at baseline (2003-05) and follow-up examinations (2005-06 and 2007-09). Wrist actigraphy was used to measure 24-hour activity counts at baseline. RAR variables included amplitude (strength of activity rhythm), mesor (mean activity level), pseudo F-statistic (overall circadian rhythm robustness), and acrophase (time of daily peak activity). RESULTS After an average of 3.4 ± 0.5 years, men with lower amplitudes, mesors, and pseudo F-statistics had greater decline in 3MS performance (amplitude: -0.7 points Q1 vs -0.5 points Q4, p<.001; mesor: -0.5 points Q1 vs -0.2 points Q4, p=.01; pseudo F-statistic: -0.5 points Q1 vs -0.3 points Q4, p<.001). Lower amplitudes and pseudo-F statistics were associated with greater odds of clinically significant cognitive decline (≥5-point decrease) (amplitude Q1 vs. Q4: odds ratio (OR)=1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.0-1.9; pseudo-F statistic Q1 vs Q4: OR=1.4, 95% CI=1.0-1.9). Men with phase-advanced acrophase had greater odds of clinically significant cognitive decline (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.2-2.8). Results were adjusted for multiple confounders. CONCLUSION Several parameters of disrupted RAR (lower amplitude, pseudo F-statistic, mesor, phase-advanced acrophase) were associated with greater cognitive decline in older community-dwelling men. These findings contribute to a growing body of evidence suggesting that altered RARs are associated with cognitive decline in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 66:2136-2143, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara S Rogers-Soeder
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Terri Blackwell
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sonia Ancoli-Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Susan Redline
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jane A Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristine E Ensrud
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Division of EpiCH, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Misti Paudel
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum Life Sciences, Inc., Eden Prairie, Minnesota
| | - Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Erin LeBlanc
- Center for Health Research Northwest, Kaiser Permanente, Portland, Oregon
| | - Katie Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Nancy E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - Greg Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
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5
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Rogers TS, Blackwell TL, Lane NE, Tranah G, Orwoll ES, Cauley JA, Ancoli-Israel S, Stone KL, Cummings SR, Cawthon PM. Rest-activity patterns and falls and fractures in older men. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1313-1322. [PMID: 28013364 PMCID: PMC5533275 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3874-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dysregulated rest-activity rhythm (RAR) patterns have been associated with several health conditions in older adults. This study showed that later acrophase was associated with a modestly greater risk of falls but not fractures in elderly men. Associations between dysregulated RAR patterns and osteoporosis risk warrant further investigation. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between rest-activity rhythm (RAR) patterns and risk of falls/fractures in older men. We hypothesized that dysregulated RAR would be associated with incident falls/fractures. METHODS We used wrist-worn actigraphy to measure RAR over 4.8 ± 0.8 24-h periods in men (≥67 years) enrolled in the multicenter Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Men (MrOS Sleep) Study (n = 3001). Men were contacted every 4 months to report occurrence of falls/fractures. RAR parameters included amplitude (difference between peak and nadir activity in counts/minute), mesor (activity counts/minute), acrophase (time of day of peak activity), and pseudo-F statistic (rhythm robustness) and were evaluated as continuous variables with associations reported per SD increase/decrease in models adjusted for confounders. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood (odds ratio, OR) of recurrent falls in the year after the visit. Proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk (hazard ratio, HR) of fractures. RESULTS One year after the visit, 417 men (14%) had recurrent (≥2) falls. Later acrophase (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.32) was associated with a modestly greater likelihood of falls. In 8.6 years (SD 2.6 years) of >97% complete follow-up, 256 men (8.53%) had a major osteoporotic fracture, 85 (2.8%) had a clinical spine fracture, and 110 (3.7%) had a hip fracture. No consistent, significant associations were observed between RAR patterns and fractures. CONCLUSIONS Later acrophase was associated with a modestly greater risk of falls; this association did not translate into a higher fracture risk in this cohort of elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara S Rogers
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Suite 2000, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Terri L Blackwell
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nancy E Lane
- Center for Musculoskeletal Health and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Suite 2000, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Greg Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eric S Orwoll
- Bone and Mineral Unit, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jane A Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sonia Ancoli-Israel
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katie L Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
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6
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Yaffe K, Freimer D, Chen H, Asao K, Rosso A, Rubin S, Tranah G, Cummings S, Simonsick E. Olfaction and risk of dementia in a biracial cohort of older adults. Neurology 2016; 88:456-462. [PMID: 28039314 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prior studies indicate that olfactory function may be an early marker for cognitive impairment, but the body of evidence has been largely restricted to white populations. METHODS We studied 2,428 community-dwelling black and white older adults (baseline age 70-79 years) without dementia enrolled in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study. Olfaction was measured as odor identification (OI) with the 12-item Cross Cultural Smell Identification Test in year 3. We defined incident dementia over 12 years on the basis of hospitalization records, prescription for dementia medication, or 1.5-SD decline in race-stratified global cognition score. We assessed dementia risk associated with OI score (by tertile) using Cox proportional hazards models. All analyses were stratified by race. RESULTS Poorer OI in older adults without dementia was associated with increased risk of dementia. After adjustment for demographics, medical comorbidities, and lifestyle characteristics, white participants in the poor or moderate OI tertile had greater risk of dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 3.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.45-4.54; and HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.33-2.54, respectively) compared to those in the good tertile of function. Among blacks, worse OI was associated with an increased risk of dementia, but the magnitude of the effect was weaker (p for interaction = 0.04) for the poor OI tertile (adjusted HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.44-2.84) and for the moderate tertile (adjusted HR 1.42, 95% CI 0.97-2.10). There was no interaction between OI and APOE ε4 and risk of dementia. CONCLUSIONS While the magnitude of the association was stronger in whites, we found that poor OI was associated with increased risk of dementia among both black and white older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Yaffe
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniel Freimer
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Honglei Chen
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Keiko Asao
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Andrea Rosso
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Susan Rubin
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Greg Tranah
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Steve Cummings
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eleanor Simonsick
- From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.Y.), Neurology (K.Y.), and Epidemiology and Biostatistics (K.Y., S.R.), University of California; San Francisco VA Medical Center (K.Y.); NCIRE-The Veterans Health Research Institute (K.Y., D.F.), San Francisco, CA; Epidemiology Branch (H.C.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Department of Preventive Medicine (K.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.), Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA; California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (G.T., S.C.), San Francisco; and Translational Gerontology Branch (E.S.), National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD
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7
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Dong J, Wyss A, Yang J, Price TR, Nicolas A, Nalls M, Tranah G, Franceschini N, Xu Z, Schulte C, Alonso A, Cummings SR, Fornage M, Zaykin D, Li L, Huang X, Kritchevsky S, Liu Y, Gasser T, Wilson RS, De Jager PL, Singleton AB, Pinto JM, Harris T, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, London S, Yu L, Chen H. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of the Sense of Smell in U.S. Older Adults: Identification of Novel Risk Loci in African-Americans and European-Americans. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:8021-8032. [PMID: 27878761 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The human sense of smell decreases with age, and a poor sense of smell are among the most important prodromal symptoms of several neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence further suggests a racial difference in the sense of smell among U.S. older adults. However, no genome-wide association study (GWAS) on the sense of smell has been conducted in African-Americans (AAs). We performed the first genome-wide meta-analysis of the sense of smell among 1979 AAs and 6582 European-Americans (EAs) from three U.S. aging cohorts. In the AA population, we identified nine novel regions (KLF4-ACTL7B, RAPGEF2-FSTL5, TCF4-LOC100505474, PCDH10, KIAA1751, MYO5B, MIR320B1-CD2, NR5A2-LINC00862, SALL1-C16orf97) that were associated with the sense of smell (P < 5 × 10-8). Many of these regions have been previously linked to neuropsychiatric (schizophrenia or epilepsy) or neurodegenerative (Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease) diseases associated with a decreased sense of smell. In the EA population, we identified two novel loci in or near RASGRP1 and ANXA2P3 associated with sense of smell. In conclusion, this study identified several ancestry-specific loci that are associated with the sense of smell in older adults. While these findings need independent confirmation, they may lead to novel insights into the biology of the sense of smell in older adults and its relationships to neuropsychological and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr. P.O. Box 12233, Mail drop A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Annah Wyss
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr. P.O. Box 12233, Mail drop A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - T Ryan Price
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Greg Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zongli Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr. P.O. Box 12233, Mail drop A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Claudia Schulte
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Genome Biology for Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dmitri Zaykin
- Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Leping Li
- Biostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Stephen Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Genome Biology for Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert S Wilson
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Program in Translational Neuro Psychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jayant M Pinto
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tamara Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie London
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr. P.O. Box 12233, Mail drop A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Honglei Chen
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr. P.O. Box 12233, Mail drop A3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
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8
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Diem SJ, Blackwell TL, Stone KL, Yaffe K, Tranah G, Cauley JA, Ancoli-Israel S, Redline S, Spira AP, Hillier TA, Ensrud KE. Measures of Sleep-Wake Patterns and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia in Older Women. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2016; 24:248-58. [PMID: 26964485 PMCID: PMC4807599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbances are common in older adults. Little is known about the sleep of cognitively intact older adults and its relationship to subsequent cognitive impairment. The objective of this study was to examine the association between objective sleep-wake measures and risk of incident cognitive impairment. METHODS In this prospective cohort study encompassing four U.S. sites, 1,245 women (mean age: 82.6 years) without dementia participated in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures and completed actigraphy at the baseline visit and comprehensive cognitive assessment at follow-up. The association between sleep-wake patterns measured by actigraphy and risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia was examined. RESULTS A total of 473 women (38%) developed cognitive impairment during an average (SD) follow-up of 4.9 (0.6) years; 290 (23.3%) developed MCI and 183 (14.7%) developed dementia. After controlling for multiple potential confounders, women in the lowest quartile of average sleep efficiency (<74%) had a 1.5-fold higher odds of developing MCI or dementia compared with women in the highest quartile of sleep efficiency (>86%) (odds ratio: Q1 versus Q4 1.53; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.19; Wald χ(2) [1, N = 1,223] = 5.34 for p for trend = 0.03). Longer average sleep latency, but not total sleep time, was also associated with higher odds of developing cognitive impairment. Greater variability in both sleep efficiency and total sleep time was associated with an increased odds of developing MCI or dementia. CONCLUSION Lower average sleep efficiency, longer average sleep latency, and greater variability in sleep efficiency and total sleep time are associated with increased odds of developing cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Diem
- Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
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9
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Dong J, Yang J, Tranah G, Franceschini N, Parimi N, Alkorta-Aranburu G, Xu Z, Alonso A, Cummings SR, Fornage M, Huang X, Kritchevsky S, Liu Y, London S, Niu L, Wilson RS, De Jager PL, Yu L, Singleton AB, Harris T, Mosley TH, Pinto JM, Bennett DA, Chen H. Genome-wide Meta-analysis on the Sense of Smell Among US Older Adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1892. [PMID: 26632684 PMCID: PMC5058953 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction is common among older adults and affects their safety, nutrition, quality of life, and mortality. More importantly, the decreased sense of smell is an early symptom of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease (PD) and Alzheimer disease. However, the genetic determinants for the sense of smell have been poorly investigated. We here performed the first genome-wide meta-analysis on the sense of smell among 6252 US older adults of European descent from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study, and the Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROS/MAP). Genome-wide association study analysis was performed first by individual cohorts and then meta-analyzed using fixed-effect models with inverse variance weights. Although no SNPs reached genome-wide statistical significance, we identified 13 loci with suggestive evidence for an association with the sense of smell (Pmeta < 1 × 10). Of these, 2 SNPs at chromosome 17q21.31 (rs199443 in NSF, P = 3.02 × 10; and rs2732614 in KIAA1267-LRRC37A, P = 6.65 × 10) exhibited cis effects on the expression of microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT, 17q21.31) in 447 frontal-cortex samples obtained postmortem and profiled by RNA-seq (P < 1 × 10). Gene-based and pathway-enrichment analyses further implicated MAPT in regulating the sense of smell in older adults. Similar results were obtained after excluding participants who reported a physician-diagnosed PD or use of PD medications. In conclusion, we provide preliminary evidence that the MAPT locus may play a role in regulating the sense of smell in older adults and therefore offer a potential genetic link between poor sense of smell and major neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- From the Epidemiology Branch (JD, ZX, SL, HC) and Biostatistics Branch (LN), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (JY, RSW, LY, DAB); California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA (GT, NP, SC); Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC (NF); Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL (GA-A); Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (AA); Institute of Molecular Medicine and Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX (MF); Pennsylvania State University-Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA (XH); Sticht Center on Aging (SK) and Division of Public Health Sciences (YL), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Program in Translational Neuro Psychiatric Genomics, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Institute for the Neurosciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Boston, MA (PLD); Laboratory of Neurogenetics (ABS) and Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry (TH), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD; Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (THM); Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL (JMP); Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (JY, LY, DAB); and Departments of Neurological Sciences and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (RSW)
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10
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Eriksson J, Evans DS, Nielson CM, Shen J, Srikanth P, Hochberg M, McWeeney S, Cawthon PM, Wilmot B, Zmuda J, Tranah G, Mirel DB, Challa S, Mooney M, Crenshaw A, Karlsson M, Mellström D, Vandenput L, Orwoll E, Ohlsson C. Limited clinical utility of a genetic risk score for the prediction of fracture risk in elderly subjects. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:184-94. [PMID: 25043339 PMCID: PMC4281709 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
It is important to identify the patients at highest risk of fractures. A recent large-scale meta-analysis identified 63 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with bone mineral density (BMD), of which 16 were also associated with fracture risk. Based on these findings, two genetic risk scores (GRS63 and GRS16) were developed. Our aim was to determine the clinical usefulness of these GRSs for the prediction of BMD, BMD change, and fracture risk in elderly subjects. We studied two male (Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study [MrOS] US, MrOS Sweden) and one female (Study of Osteoporotic Fractures [SOF]) large prospective cohorts of older subjects, looking at BMD, BMD change, and radiographically and/or medically confirmed incident fractures (8067 subjects, 2185 incident nonvertebral or vertebral fractures). GRS63 was associated with BMD (≅3% of the variation explained) but not with BMD change. Both GRS63 and GRS16 were associated with fractures. After BMD adjustment, the effect sizes for these associations were substantially reduced. Similar results were found using an unweighted GRS63 and an unweighted GRS16 compared with those found using the corresponding weighted risk scores. Only minor improvements in C-statistics (AUC) for fractures were found when the GRSs were added to a base model (age, weight, and height), and no significant improvements in C-statistics were found when they were added to a model further adjusted for BMD. Net reclassification improvements with the addition of the GRSs to a base model were modest and substantially attenuated in BMD-adjusted models. GRS63 is associated with BMD, but not BMD change, suggesting that the genetic determinants of BMD differ from those of BMD change. When BMD is known, the clinical utility of the two GRSs for fracture prediction is limited in elderly subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Eriksson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Moayyeri A, Hsu YH, Karasik D, Estrada K, Xiao SM, Nielson C, Srikanth P, Giroux S, Wilson SG, Zheng HF, Smith AV, Pye SR, Leo PJ, Teumer A, Hwang JY, Ohlsson C, McGuigan F, Minster RL, Hayward C, Olmos JM, Lyytikäinen LP, Lewis JR, Swart KMA, Masi L, Oldmeadow C, Holliday EG, Cheng S, van Schoor NM, Harvey NC, Kruk M, del Greco M F, Igl W, Trummer O, Grigoriou E, Luben R, Liu CT, Zhou Y, Oei L, Medina-Gomez C, Zmuda J, Tranah G, Brown SJ, Williams FM, Soranzo N, Jakobsdottir J, Siggeirsdottir K, Holliday KL, Hannemann A, Go MJ, Garcia M, Polasek O, Laaksonen M, Zhu K, Enneman AW, McEvoy M, Peel R, Sham PC, Jaworski M, Johansson Å, Hicks AA, Pludowski P, Scott R, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, van der Velde N, Kähönen M, Viikari JS, Sievänen H, Raitakari OT, González-Macías J, Hernández JL, Mellström D, Ljunggren O, Cho YS, Völker U, Nauck M, Homuth G, Völzke H, Haring R, Brown MA, McCloskey E, Nicholson GC, Eastell R, Eisman JA, Jones G, Reid IR, Dennison EM, Wark J, Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Wu FCW, Aspelund T, Richards JB, Bauer D, Hofman A, Khaw KT, Dedoussis G, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Gyllensten U, Pramstaller PP, Lorenc RS, Cooper C, Kung AWC, Lips P, Alen M, Attia J, Brandi ML, de Groot LCPGM, Lehtimäki T, Riancho JA, Campbell H, Liu Y, Harris TB, Akesson K, Karlsson M, Lee JY, Wallaschofski H, Duncan EL, O'Neill TW, Gudnason V, Spector TD, Rousseau F, Orwoll E, Cummings SR, Wareham NJ, Rivadeneira F, Uitterlinden AG, Prince RL, Kiel DP, Reeve J, Kaptoge SK. Genetic determinants of heel bone properties: genome-wide association meta-analysis and replication in the GEFOS/GENOMOS consortium. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3054-68. [PMID: 24430505 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative ultrasound of the heel captures heel bone properties that independently predict fracture risk and, with bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by X-ray (DXA), may be convenient alternatives for evaluating osteoporosis and fracture risk. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association (GWA) studies to assess the genetic determinants of heel broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA; n = 14 260), velocity of sound (VOS; n = 15 514) and BMD (n = 4566) in 13 discovery cohorts. Independent replication involved seven cohorts with GWA data (in silico n = 11 452) and new genotyping in 15 cohorts (de novo n = 24 902). In combined random effects, meta-analysis of the discovery and replication cohorts, nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had genome-wide significant (P < 5 × 10(-8)) associations with heel bone properties. Alongside SNPs within or near previously identified osteoporosis susceptibility genes including ESR1 (6q25.1: rs4869739, rs3020331, rs2982552), SPTBN1 (2p16.2: rs11898505), RSPO3 (6q22.33: rs7741021), WNT16 (7q31.31: rs2908007), DKK1 (10q21.1: rs7902708) and GPATCH1 (19q13.11: rs10416265), we identified a new locus on chromosome 11q14.2 (rs597319 close to TMEM135, a gene recently linked to osteoblastogenesis and longevity) significantly associated with both BUA and VOS (P < 8.23 × 10(-14)). In meta-analyses involving 25 cohorts with up to 14 985 fracture cases, six of 10 SNPs associated with heel bone properties at P < 5 × 10(-6) also had the expected direction of association with any fracture (P < 0.05), including three SNPs with P < 0.005: 6q22.33 (rs7741021), 7q31.31 (rs2908007) and 10q21.1 (rs7902708). In conclusion, this GWA study reveals the effect of several genes common to central DXA-derived BMD and heel ultrasound/DXA measures and points to a new genetic locus with potential implications for better understanding of osteoporosis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Moayyeri
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Yaffe K, Spira A, Tranah G, Stone K. F2‐03‐02: Sleep disorders and cognitive function in older women. Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Yaffe
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
- Harvard School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUnited States
| | - Adam Spira
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
| | - Greg Tranah
- California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Katie Stone
- California Pacific Medical CenterSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
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13
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Paudel ML, Taylor BC, Ancoli-Israel S, Stone KL, Tranah G, Redline S, Barrett-Connor E, Stefanick ML, Ensrud KE. Rest/activity rhythms and cardiovascular disease in older men. Chronobiol Int 2011; 28:258-66. [PMID: 21452921 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2011.553016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have suggested an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in older adults with disturbed circadian rest/activity rhythms (RARs). The objective goal of this study was to examine the association between disrupted RARs and risk of CVD events in older men. A total of 2968 men aged 67 yrs and older wore wrist actigraphs for 115 ± 18 consecutive hours. RAR parameters were computed from wrist actigraphy data and expressed as quartiles (Q). CVD events consisted of a composite outcome of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and peripheral vascular disease (PVD) events. Secondary analyses examined associations between RARs and individual components of the composite outcome (CHD, stroke, and PVD). There were 490 CVD events over an average of 4.0 ± 1.2 yrs. Overall, reduced amplitude (HR = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.71 for Q2 vs. Q4) and greater minimum (HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.01-1.73 for Q4 vs. Q1) were associated with an increased risk of CVD events in multivariable-adjusted models. In secondary analyses, there was an independent association between reduced amplitude (HR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.00-1.86) and greater minimum activity counts (HR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.02-1.91) with increased risk of CHD events. Reduced F value (HR = 2.88, 95% CI 1.41-5.87 for Q1 vs. Q4 and HR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.34-5.48 for Q2 vs. Q4) and later occurring acrophase of the RAR (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.04-2.63 for Q4 vs. Q2-3) were associated with an increased risk of PVD events. Results were similar in men without a history of CVD events. The findings revealed that among older men, measures of decreased circadian activity rhythm robustness (reduced amplitude and greater minimum activity) were associated with an increased risk of CVD events, primarily through increased risk of CHD or stroke events, whereas measures of reduced circadian activity rhythmicity were not associated with risk of CVD events overall, but were associated with an increased risk of PVD events. These results should be confirmed in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misti L Paudel
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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14
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Paudel ML, Taylor BC, Ancoli-Israel S, Blackwell T, Stone KL, Tranah G, Redline S, Cummings SR, Ensrud KE. Rest/activity rhythms and mortality rates in older men: MrOS Sleep Study. Chronobiol Int 2010; 27:363-77. [PMID: 20370475 DOI: 10.3109/07420520903419157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
An association between increased risk of mortality and disruptions in rest/activity circadian rhythms (RAR) has been shown among adults with dementia and with metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the association among a more general population of older adults has not been studied. Our study population consisted of 2964 men aged > or = 67 yrs of age enrolled in the Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men (MrOS Sleep) Study. Rest/activity patterns were measured with wrist actigraphy. RAR parameters were computed and expressed as quintiles, and included acrophase (time of peak activity level), amplitude (peak-to-nadir difference), mesor (middle of the peak), pseudo F-value (overall circadian rhythmicity), beta (steepness), and alpha (peak-to-trough width). After adjustment for multiple potential confounders, men in the lowest quintile of pseudo F-value had a 57% higher mortality rate (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.57, 95% CI, 1.03-2.39) than men in the highest quintile. This association was even stronger with increased risk of cardiovascular disease-related mortality (CVD) (HR = 2.32, 95% CI, 1.04-5.22). Additionally, men in the lowest quintile of acrophase had a 2.8-fold higher rate of CVD-related mortality (HR = 2.84, 95% CI, 1.29-6.24). There was no evidence of independent associations with amplitude, mesor, alpha, beta, and mortality risk. Older men with less robust RAR and earlier acrophase timing have modestly higher all-cause and CVD-related mortality rates. Further research should examine potential biological mechanisms underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misti L Paudel
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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15
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Cluett C, McDermott MM, Guralnik J, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Miljkovic I, Zmuda JM, Li R, Tranah G, Harris T, Rice N, Henley W, Frayling TM, Murray A, Melzer D. The 9p21 myocardial infarction risk allele increases risk of peripheral artery disease in older people. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 2:347-53. [PMID: 20031606 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.108.825935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common variant at chromosome 9p21 (tagged by the rs1333049 or rs10757278 single-nucleotide polymorphism) is strongly associated with myocardial infarction and major arterial aneurysms. An association with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was also reported in a sample younger than 75 years, but this disappeared on removal of respondents with a myocardial infarction history, resulting in an odds ratio of 1.09 for PAD (P=0.075). We aimed at estimating the association of this variant with an Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and PAD in 3 older populations. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from the InCHIANTI, Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, and Health, Aging, and Body Composition studies. In 2630 white individuals (mean age, 76.4 years), the C allele at rs1333049 was associated with lower mean ABI measures and with an increased prevalence of PAD. These associations remained after removal of baseline and incident myocardial infarction cases over a 6-year follow-up for both ABI (-0.017 ABI units; 95% CI, -0.03 to -0.01; P = 1.3 x 10(-4)) and PAD (per allele odds ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.56; P = 0.012). These associations also remained after adjustment for known atherosclerosis risk factors, including diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The C allele at rs1333049 is associated with an increased prevalence of PAD and lower mean ABI. This association was independent of the presence of diagnosed myocardial infarction and atherosclerotic risk factors in 3 older white populations.
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16
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Melzer D, Perry JRB, Hernandez D, Corsi AM, Stevens K, Rafferty I, Lauretani F, Murray A, Gibbs JR, Paolisso G, Rafiq S, Simon-Sanchez J, Lango H, Scholz S, Weedon MN, Arepalli S, Rice N, Washecka N, Hurst A, Britton A, Henley W, van de Leemput J, Li R, Newman AB, Tranah G, Harris T, Panicker V, Dayan C, Bennett A, McCarthy MI, Ruokonen A, Jarvelin MR, Guralnik J, Bandinelli S, Frayling TM, Singleton A, Ferrucci L. A genome-wide association study identifies protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs). PLoS Genet 2008; 4:e1000072. [PMID: 18464913 PMCID: PMC2362067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable evidence that human genetic variation influences gene expression. Genome-wide studies have revealed that mRNA levels are associated with genetic variation in or close to the gene coding for those mRNA transcripts – cis effects, and elsewhere in the genome – trans effects. The role of genetic variation in determining protein levels has not been systematically assessed. Using a genome-wide association approach we show that common genetic variation influences levels of clinically relevant proteins in human serum and plasma. We evaluated the role of 496,032 polymorphisms on levels of 42 proteins measured in 1200 fasting individuals from the population based InCHIANTI study. Proteins included insulin, several interleukins, adipokines, chemokines, and liver function markers that are implicated in many common diseases including metabolic, inflammatory, and infectious conditions. We identified eight Cis effects, including variants in or near the IL6R (p = 1.8×10−57), CCL4L1 (p = 3.9×10−21), IL18 (p = 6.8×10−13), LPA (p = 4.4×10−10), GGT1 (p = 1.5×10−7), SHBG (p = 3.1×10−7), CRP (p = 6.4×10−6) and IL1RN (p = 7.3×10−6) genes, all associated with their respective protein products with effect sizes ranging from 0.19 to 0.69 standard deviations per allele. Mechanisms implicated include altered rates of cleavage of bound to unbound soluble receptor (IL6R), altered secretion rates of different sized proteins (LPA), variation in gene copy number (CCL4L1) and altered transcription (GGT1). We identified one novel trans effect that was an association between ABO blood group and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) levels (p = 6.8×10−40), but this finding was not present when TNF-alpha was measured using a different assay , or in a second study, suggesting an assay-specific association. Our results show that protein levels share some of the features of the genetics of gene expression. These include the presence of strong genetic effects in cis locations. The identification of protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) may be a powerful complementary method of improving our understanding of disease pathways. One of the central dogmas of molecular genetics is that DNA is transcribed to RNA which is translated to protein and alterations to proteins can influence human diseases. Genome-wide association studies have recently revealed many new DNA variants that influence human diseases. To complement these efforts, several genome-wide studies have established that DNA variation influences mRNA expression levels. Loci influencing mRNA levels have been termed “eQTLs”. In this study we have performed the first genome-wide association study of the third piece in this jigsaw – the role of DNA variation in relation to protein levels, or “pQTLs”. We analysed 42 proteins measured in blood fractions from the InCHIANTI study. We identified eight cis effects including common variants in or near the IL6R, CCL4, IL18, LPA, GGT1, SHBG, CRP and IL1RN genes, all associated with blood levels of their respective protein products. Mechanisms implicated included altered transcription (GGT1) but also rates of cleavage of bound to unbound soluble receptor (IL6R), altered secretion rates of different sized proteins (LPA) and variation in gene copy number (CCL4). Blood levels of many of these proteins are correlated with human diseases and the identification of “pQTLs” may in turn help our understanding of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Melzer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - John R. B. Perry
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna-Maria Corsi
- Tuscany Regional Health Agency, I.O.T. and Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Kara Stevens
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Rafferty
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Fulvio Lauretani
- Tuscany Regional Health Agency, I.O.T. and Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Murray
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sajjad Rafiq
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Simon-Sanchez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hana Lango
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Scholz
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael N. Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Sampath Arepalli
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Neil Rice
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Washecka
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alison Hurst
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Britton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William Henley
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rongling Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Anne B. Newman
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Greg Tranah
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tamara Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vijay Panicker
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Dayan
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neurosciences and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Bennett
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aimo Ruokonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Public Health, Science, and General Practice, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Guralnik
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Timothy M. Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Aging, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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17
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Abstract
To determine the genetic origin of individual sturgeon that are morphologically intermediate to pallid (Scaphirhynchus albus) and shovelnose (Scaphirhynchus platorhynchus) sturgeon, we combined previously published mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite data with additional microsatellite data. Two sympatric populations of pallid and shovelnose sturgeon from the upper Missouri River and a sympatric population containing pallid, shovelnose, and putative pallid-shovelnose hybrids from the Atchafalaya River were analyzed using an index of hybridization and a principle components analysis of individual relatedness scores. The addition of new microsatellite data improved our ability to genetically differentiate individual pallid and shovelnose sturgeon collected in both areas. Our methods distinguished morphologically intermediate Atchafalaya River sturgeon, which appear to be genetically intermediate between pallid and shovelnose sturgeon. The results support a hybrid origin for morphologically intermediate individuals, although it is unclear whether they are all first-generation hybrids or if some are the result of subsequent backcrossing with the more common shovelnose sturgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tranah
- Department of Animal Science, Meyer Hall, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Rodzen
- Dept. of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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