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Rodrigues Albuquerque E, Ratti da Silva G, de Abreu Braga F, Pelegrini Silva E, Sposito Negrini K, Rodrigues Fracasso JA, Pires Guarnier L, Jacomassi E, Ribeiro-Paes JT, da Silva Gomes R, Gasparotto Junior A, Lívero FADR. Bridging the Gap: Exploring the Preclinical Potential of Pereskia grandifolia in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2023; 2023:8840427. [PMID: 38026733 PMCID: PMC10653969 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8840427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a complex condition characterized by steatosis and metabolic disturbances. Risk factors such as diabetes, cigarette smoking, and dyslipidaemia contribute to its development and progression. Effective and safe therapies for MAFLD are urgently needed. Pereskia grandifolia has shown potential as an alternative treatment, but its effectiveness against liver disease remains unexplored. This research aims to determine the hepatoprotective properties of P. grandifolia using a model of MAFLD. The study was carried out through various phases to assess the safety and efficacy of the ethanol-soluble fraction of P. grandifolia. Initially, an in vitro assay was performed to assess cell viability. This was followed by an acute toxicity test conducted in rats to determine the safety profile of the extract. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory properties of P. grandifolia were examined in macrophages. For the MAFLD study, diabetic Wistar rats were made diabetic and exposed to a high fat diet and cigarette smoke, for 4 weeks. During the last 2 weeks, the rats were orally given either the vehicle (negative control group; C-), P. grandifolia (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), or insulin in addition to simvastatin. A basal group of rats not exposed to these risk factors was also assessed. Blood samples were collected to measure cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, ALT, and AST levels. Liver was assessed for lipid and oxidative markers, and liver histopathology was examined. P. grandifolia showed no signs of toxicity. It demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting phagocytosis and macrophage spreading. The MAFLD model induced liver abnormalities, including increased AST, ALT, disrupted lipid profile, oxidative stress, and significant hepatic damage. However, P. grandifolia effectively reversed these changes, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent. These findings emphasize the significance of P. grandifolia in mitigating hepatic consequences associated with various risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilson Rodrigues Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Abreu Braga
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Ester Pelegrini Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Karina Sposito Negrini
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Pires Guarnier
- Department of Genetic, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ezilda Jacomassi
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto da Silva Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, USA
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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de Souza ANV, Faria MGI, da Rocha CE, Philippsen GS, Silva GCC, da Silva GR, Inumaro RS, Gonçalves JE, Gazim ZC, Wietzikoski S, Lívero FADR, Seixas FAV, Wietzikoski Lovato EC. Bioactive compounds with antifungal activity against pathogens isolated from pregnant woman: Gallesia integrifolia (garlic wood) is a promising treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 295:115403. [PMID: 35643209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves, bark, and roots of Gallesia integrifolia are consumed in folk medicine through infusion, decoction, and topical preparation by crushing because of its pharmacological properties in several peripheral system disorders, including microbial infections. The presence of various molecules in different parts of the plant likely confers this species' fungicidal action, but scientific evidence is lacking. Vulvovaginal candidiasis mainly affects women of reproductive age. When left untreated, it can cause pregnancy complications. Currently available antifungals often cause undesirable side effects. New alternative therapeutic strategies based on medicinal plants have been proposed. AIM To investigate the antifungal activity of G. integrifolia against vulvovaginal candidiasis secretion in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antifungal activity was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), determined by broth microdilution method using Candida spp (NEWP1210), C. albicans (CCCD-CC001), C. tropicalis (CCCD-CC002) standard and clinical isolates from pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis. Nystatin and fluconazole were used as positive controls. The chemical composition of essential oils that were extracted from leaves, flowers, and fruits of G. integrifolia was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Reverse docking was used to suggest a possible target in Candida. Conventional docking was used to identify the most probable compound that inhibits fungal growth. RESULTS A total of 24 compounds were identified, accounting for ∼99% of volatile constituents in the essential oils. Leaves of G. integrifolia contained 3,5-dithiahexanol-5,5-dioxide (40.93%), flowers contained methionine ethyl ester (46.78%), and fruits contained 2,8-dithianonane (54.01%) as the most abundant compounds. The MICs of essential oils of leaves, flowers, and fruits of G. integrifolia against standard strains of Candida spp, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis ranged from 13.01 to 625.00 μg/mL. The essential oil of flowers more effectively inhibited Candida spp. Essential oils of leaves and flowers were similar to fluconazole against C. albicans. Essential oils of flowers and fruits were similar to fluconazole against C. tropocalis. In Candida yeast species that were isolated from vaginal secretion samples from pregnant patients, the MICs of leaves and flowers ranged from 52.08 to 5000.00 μg/mL. The essential oil of leaves (277.77 μg/mL) was the most active against C. albicans. No significant differences were found between the essential oils of leaves and flowers against C. glabrata. Docking simulations suggested that phytol in leaves and flowers was responsible for the antimicrobial effect. CONCLUSION The present results suggest the potential therapeutic use of G. integrifolia, especially its leaves and flowers, against Candida and vulvovaginal candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Nascimento Vasques de Souza
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Graciela Iecher Faria
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Edna da Rocha
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Sciences with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sadao Inumaro
- Postgraduate Program in Clean Technologies and Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Cesumar University, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Clean Technologies and Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Cesumar University, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Zilda Cristiani Gazim
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Samantha Wietzikoski
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Sciences with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski Lovato
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil.
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Auth PA, da Silva GR, Amaral EC, Bortoli VF, Manzano MI, de Souza LM, Lovato ECW, Ribeiro-Paes JT, Gasparotto Junior A, Lívero FADR. Croton urucurana Baill. Ameliorates Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:886122. [PMID: 35668935 PMCID: PMC9164250 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.886122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) affects a quarter of the worldwide population, but no drug therapies have yet been developed. Croton urucurana Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal species, that is, widely distributed in Brazil. It is used in popular medicine to treat gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and endocrine system diseases. However, its hepatoprotective and lipid-lowering effects have not yet been scientifically investigated. Aim of the study: The present study investigated the effects of an extract of C. urucurana in a rat model of MAFLD that was associated with multiple risk factors, including hypertension, smoking, and dyslipidemia. Material and Methods: The phytochemical composition of C. urucurana was evaluated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Spontaneously hypertensive rats received a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet and were exposed to cigarette smoke (9 cigarettes/day for 10 weeks). During the last 5 weeks, the animals were orally treated with vehicle (negative control [C-] group), C. urucurana extract (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), or simvastatin + enalapril (two standard reference drugs that are commonly used to treat dyslipidemia and hypertension, respectively). One group of rats that were not exposed to these risk factors was also evaluated (basal group). Blood was collected for the analysis of cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. The liver and feces were collected for lipid quantification. The liver was also processed for antioxidant and histopathological analysis. Results: The main constituents of the C. urucurana extract were flavonoids, glycosides, and alkaloids. The model successfully induced MAFLD, reflected by increases in AST and ALT levels, and induced oxidative stress in the C- group. Treatment with the C. urucurana extract (300 mg/kg) and simvastatin + enalapril decreased plasma and hepatic lipid levels. In contrast to simvastatin + enalapril treatment, C. urucurana reduced AST and ALT levels. Massive lesions were observed in the liver in the C- group, which were reversed by treatment with the C. urucurana extract (300 mg/kg). Conclusion:C. urucurana extract exerted promising hepatoprotective and lipid-lowering effects in a preclinical rat model of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Alvarez Auth
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Carolina Amaral
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Victor Fajardo Bortoli
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski Lovato
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Post-Graduate in Animal Science with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
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Dos Santos IC, Barbosa LN, da Silva GR, Otutumi LK, Zaniolo MM, Dos Santos MC, de Paula Ferreira LR, Gonçalves DD, de Almeida Martins L. Pet dogs as reservoir of oxacillin and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. Res Vet Sci 2021; 143:28-32. [PMID: 34959042 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the bacterial resistance profile and detect the presence of mecA gene in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the nasal microbiota of domiciled dogs. For this purpose 100 nasal swabs from 100 domiciled dogs were collected from the central area of the city of Umuarama (PR), along with a questionnaire answered by their owners. After the isolation all Staphylococcus spp. isolates were submitted to the diffusion disc test by the Kirby-Bauer method, and only oxacillin-resistant samples were submitted to the PCR technique to search for the mecA gene and the results were then submitted to statistical analysis to verify possible risk variables. The 100 Staphylococcus spp. and coagulase negative, among which 41 isolates were resistant to oxacillin, no samples were positive for the mecA gene presence, however, 12 resistant to vancomycin were found. It can be concluded that the domiciled dogs are carriers of Staphylococcus spp. multiresistant, being these a possible source of human contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Carvalho Dos Santos
- Bolsista PROSUP/CAPES - Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil.
| | - Lidiane Nunes Barbosa
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciana Kazue Otutumi
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil.
| | - Melissa Marchi Zaniolo
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carvalho Dos Santos
- Centro Universitário Cesumar (UNICESUMAR), Avenida Guedner, 1610, Jardim Aclimacao, 87050-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR), Praça Mascarenhas de Moraes, 4282, Centro, 87502-210 Umuarama, PR, Brazil.
| | - Lisiane de Almeida Martins
- Faculdade de Ensino Superior Santa Bárbara (FAESB), Rua Onze de Agosto, 2900, Jardim Lucila, 18277-000 Tatuí, SP, Brazil
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da Silva da Costa FA, Soares MR, Malagutti-Ferreira MJ, da Silva GR, Lívero FADR, Ribeiro-Paes JT. Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures as a Research Platform in Lung Diseases and COVID-19. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 18:735-745. [PMID: 34080133 PMCID: PMC8172328 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) are a major public health problem worldwide. In the current epidemiological context, CRD have received much interest when considering their correlation with greater susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2 and severe disease (COVID-19). Increasingly more studies have investigated pathophysiological interactions between CRD and COVID-19. AREA COVERED Animal experimentation has decisively contributed to advancing our knowledge of CRD. Considering the increase in ethical restrictions in animal experimentation, researchers must focus on new experimental alternatives. Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures have complemented animal models and significantly contributed to advancing research in the life sciences. However, 2D cell cultures have several limitations in studies of cellular interactions. Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures represent a new and robust platform for studying complex biological processes and are a promising alternative in regenerative and translational medicine. EXPERT OPINION Three-dimensional cell cultures are obtained by combining several types of cells in integrated and self-organized systems in a 3D structure. These 3D cell culture systems represent an efficient methodological approach in studies of pathophysiology and lung therapy. More recently, complex 3D culture systems, such as lung-on-a-chip, seek to mimic the physiology of a lung in vivo through a microsystem that simulates alveolar-capillary interactions and exposure to air. The present review introduces and discusses 3D lung cultures as robust platforms for studies of the pathophysiology of CRD and COVID-19 and the mechanisms that underlie interactions between CRD and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Allan da Silva da Costa
- Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Murilo Racy Soares
- Human Reproduction Division, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University - UNIPAR, Umuarama, Parana, Brazil
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Shirabayashi JDB, Amaral EC, Silva GRD, Santos AFD, Bortoloti DS, Lovato ECW, Lívero FADR. Levantamento e frequência de uso de plantas medicinais por pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos. SaudPesq 2021. [DOI: 10.17765/2176-9206.2021v14n2e8237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Além da terapia medicamentosa, muitos pacientes utilizam plantas medicinais para o tratamento da hipertensão e do diabetes, muitas vezes sem o conhecimento sobre a eficácia e a segurança delas. Esta pesquisa investigou a prevalência dessa prática por diabéticos e hipertensos e analisou sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas. Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e transversal com 300 pacientes atendidos pela Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) Ouro Branco, em Umuarama-PR, que responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e sobre o uso de plantas medicinais. A maioria dos participantes eram mulheres, com baixa escolarização e renda mensal. Em relação ao uso dessas plantas, foram citadas 27 espécies, mas apenas 7,7% dos respondentes as utilizavam de maneira preconizada. Concluiu-se que pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos recorrem a plantas medicinais sem o conhecimento da forma correta de preparo e da potencialidade dessas espécies em causar efeitos adversos.
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Barbosa RJ, Ratti da Silva G, Cola IM, Kuchler JC, Coelho N, Barboza LN, Menetrier JV, de Souza R, Zonta FN, Froehlich DL, Jacomassi E, Soares AA, Velasques LG, Veiga ADA, Souza LMD, Lovato ECW, Ribeiro-Paes JT, Gasparotto Junior A, Acco A, Lívero FADR. Promising therapeutic use of Baccharis trimera (less.) DC. as a natural hepatoprotective agent against hepatic lesions that are caused by multiple risk factors. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 254:112729. [PMID: 32145332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC is a perennial subshrub, popularly known as "carqueja," that belongs to the Asteraceae family. Ethnobotanical studies indicate that this species is used for the treatment of diabetes and digestive and liver diseases. However, studies that sought to validate its popular use were conducted using ethanolic extracts of the plant, which does not reflect the ethnomedicinal use of this species in humans. AIM OF THE STUDY Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by triglyceride accumulation in the liver that can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Because of the severity of this disease, less toxic and more effective therapeutic agents need to be developed. B. trimera may be a promising therapeutic alternative, but its activity against multiple risk factors for liver disease (e.g., smoking, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus) has not been studied. The present study investigated the effects of an ethnomedicinal form of a B. trimera preparation in a rat model of NAFLD that is associated with multiple risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic soluble fraction of B. trimera extract was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes in male Wistar rats. The rats received a 0.5% cholesterol-enriched diet and were exposed to cigarette smoke (9 cigarettes/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks). In the last 2 weeks, the animals were orally treated with vehicle (negative control group), B. trimera extract (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg), or insulin + simvastatin. One group of rats that was not exposed to these risk factors was also evaluated. Blood was collected for glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) analysis. The liver and feces were collected for lipid quantification. The liver was additionally processed for histopathological analysis. RESULTS The model successfully induced NAFLD and increased levels of glucose, AST, and ALT in the negative control group. Treatment with the B. trimera extract (30 and 100 mg/kg) and insulin + simvastatin decreased hepatic and fecal lipids. In contrast to insulin + simvastatin treatment, all three doses of B. trimera effectively reduced AST and ALT levels. CONCLUSION B. trimera may be promising as a hepatoprotective agent against hepatic lesions that are caused by multiple risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Jachimowski Barbosa
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Itaruã Machri Cola
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia Coelho
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena Neris Barboza
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Vergutz Menetrier
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo de Souza
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ezilda Jacomassi
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Andréia Assunção Soares
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Garcia Velasques
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Alan de Almeida Veiga
- Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Evellyn Claudia Wietzkoski Lovato
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Metabolism, Post-Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Post-Graduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil.
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Chiavari-Frederico MO, Barbosa LN, Carvalho dos Santos I, Ratti da Silva G, Fernandes de Castro A, de Campos Bortolucci W, Barboza LN, Campos CFDAA, Gonçalves JE, Menetrier JV, Jacomassi E, Gazim ZC, Wietzikoski S, dos Reis Lívero FA, Wietzikoski Lovato EC. Antimicrobial activity of Asteraceae species against bacterial pathogens isolated from postmenopausal women. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227023. [PMID: 31905207 PMCID: PMC6944356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Investigation of the antibacterial action of aqueous extracts of Bidens sulphurea, Bidens pilosa, and Tanacetum vulgare, species of Asteraceae family that are popularly used for the treatment of genito-urinary infection. Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bacterial concentration (MBC) of the extracts against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC27853) and against bacteria that were isolated from cultures of vaginal secretions and urine from menopausal women with a diagnosis of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) were determined by broth microdilution. Results The MIC values of the three extracts against Gram-positive and Gram-negative standard bacterial strains ranged from 7.81 to 125.00 mg ml-1, and the MBC values ranged from 7.81 to 500.00 mg ml-1. However, B. sulphurea was more efficient. In the urine samples, the three extracts inhibited the growth of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., and the B. pilosa was the most active extract against E. coli compared with the other ones. For the vaginal secretion samples, no significant differences in the inhibition of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. and P. mirabilis were found among the extracts. T. vulgare and B. sulphurea were more effective in inhibiting coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. compared with B. pilosa. E. coli was more susceptible to the B. sulphurea extract compared with the B. pilosa and T. vulgare extracts. Conclusion The present results suggested the potential medicinal use of Asteraceae species, especially B. sulphurea, as therapeutic agents against rUTI-related bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Oliveira Chiavari-Frederico
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
- Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Nunes Barbosa
- Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
- Animal Sciences with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Wanessa de Campos Bortolucci
- Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Lorena Neris Barboza
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | | | - José Eduardo Gonçalves
- Clean Technologies, University Center of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
- Technology and Food Safety and Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation – ICETI, University Center of Maringa, Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ezilda Jacomassi
- Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Zilda Cristiani Gazim
- Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Samantha Wietzikoski
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida dos Reis Lívero
- Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
- Animal Sciences with Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
| | - Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski Lovato
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
- Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, PR, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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9
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Souza MMQ, Silva GRD, Cola IM, Silva AO, Schaedler MI, Guarnier LP, Palozi RAC, Barboza LN, Menetrier JV, Froelich DL, Auth PA, Veiga ADA, Souza LMD, Lovato ECW, Ribeiro-Paes JT, Gasparotto Junior A, Lívero FADR. Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC: An Innovative Cardioprotective Herbal Medicine Against Multiple Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease. J Med Food 2019; 23:676-684. [PMID: 31702422 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and among its modifiable risk factors are dyslipidemia, diabetes, and smoking. Experimental models evaluated this risk factors singly, however, there is a lack of models that agglomerate these risk factors, resembling real patients and elucidating the pathophysiology of CVD. Moreover, few studies have investigated the cardioprotective effects of Baccharis trimera, a species with lipid-lowering effects. In this study, ethanol-soluble fraction of B. trimera was characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in Wistar rats that also received 0.5% cholesterol-enriched chow and were exposed to the smoke of nine cigarettes, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks. During the last 2 weeks, the animals were treated with vehicle (C-), B. trimera, or simvastatin plus insulin. At the end, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, and creatinine levels; blood pressure (BP); heart rate (HR); abdominal aortic morphometry; vascular reactivity; renal and cardiac oxidative status; and histopathological changes were evaluated. The agglomerate of risk factors promoted alterations contrary to those described in the literature for the isolated risk factors. The C- group exhibited oxidative stress, increase in biochemical parameters, and thickening of the wall of the abdominal aorta. HR, systolic, diastolic, and mean BP decreased, and vascular reactivity was altered. Cardiac and renal histopathological changes were observed. Treatment with B. trimera reversed these changes and this effect may be partially attributable to lipid-lowering action and to the inhibition of free radical generation. B. trimera has cardioprotective effects in this model, with no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Moraes Queiroz Souza
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Itaruã Machri Cola
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aniely Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maysa Isernhagen Schaedler
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas Pires Guarnier
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lorena Neris Barboza
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Vergutz Menetrier
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Diego Lacir Froelich
- Laboratory Prevention and Diagnosis, Assis Gurgacz Faculty, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pablo Alvarez Auth
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alan de Almeida Veiga
- Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lauro Mera de Souza
- Institute of Research Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Pequeno Príncipe Faculty, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Evellyn Claudia Wietzikoski Lovato
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Tadeu Ribeiro-Paes
- Laboratory of Genetics and Cell Therapy, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francislaine Aparecida Dos Reis Lívero
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Postgraduate Program in Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics in Basic Attention, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
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10
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de Lima DA, Andreotti CEL, Antiquera Ferreira F, Pauli KB, da Silva GR, Ribeiro RDCL, Dalsenter PR, Boechat N, Gasparotto Junior A, Lourenço ELB, Lívero FADR. Safety assessment of MEFAS: an innovative hybrid salt of mefloquine and artesunate for malaria treatment. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:380-385. [PMID: 31060457 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1607371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a global public health problem that causes approximately 445 000 deaths annually worldwide, especially in underdeveloped countries. Because of the high prevalence and mortality of the disease, new and less toxic therapeutic agents need to be developed, such as MEFAS, a low-cost hybrid salt that consists of artesunate and mefloquine. However, the efficacy of MEFAS has been systematically demonstrated, its safety requires further investigation. This study investigated the acute toxicity of MEFAS and its precursors, artesunate, and mefloquine. A total of 42 female Swiss mice were divided into seven groups (n = 6/group) that were treated orally by gavage with vehicle (filtered water, negative control), MEFAS (50, 500, and 1000 mg/kg), and 1:1 concentrations of artesunate + mefloquine (50, 500, and 1000 mg/kg). Clinical signs of toxicity were observed for 14 d after treatment. On day 15, the animals were weighed, deeply anesthetized with isoflurane, and euthanized for subsequent collection of the liver, spleen, and kidneys. The relative organ weights were determined, followed by histopathological analysis. Artesunate + mefloquine produced toxic effects compared with the negative control group, reflected by changes in clinical signs, relative organ weights, and histopathological alterations. In MEFAS-treated animals, no changes were observed compared with the negative control group. These findings demonstrate that MEFAS is safer than artesunate + mefloquine after acute administration in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniely Alves de Lima
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | | | - Karoline Bach Pauli
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ratti da Silva
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nubia Boechat
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis, Institute of Technology and Pharmaceuticals, FIOCRUZ Farmanguinhos/RJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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Silva GRD, Palozi RAC, Barboza LN, Prando TBL, Gasparotto FM, Lourenço ELB, Junior AG. PHEROMONES FROM MALE DOMESTIC MICE INFLUENCES THE SEXUAL FUNCTION AND GONADAL STEROIDS LEVELS OF FEMALE LABORATORY RATS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.25110/arqvet.v18i2.2015.5379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that the behavior of different mammalians, including rodents, may undergo profound changes in the presence of individuals of other species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify if the presence of pheromones from male mice could influence the reproductive parameters of female rats. Twenty Swiss (SW) male mice and 16 Long Evans (LE) female Rats were housed in separate rooms, with communication in the ceiling in its entire length. A continuous flow of air was planned to pass through the room of the mice before the room of the rats and finally be exchanged with the external environment. During 45 days, vaginal smears were collected. Relative weights of reproductive organs, estradiol, progesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone levels were also measured. The total duration of the estrous cycle and relative organ weight remained unchanged. On the other hand, the proestrus and estrus phases, as well as the estradiol levels were increased, while the diestrus phase was significantly reduced. The results have shown that maintaining LE female rats in the presence of pheromones from male SW mice can significantly change the sexual function and gonadal steroid levels.
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