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Binst J, Merken K, Verhoeven H, Fitousi N, Bosmans H. Preliminary study on dose conversion factors for dental cone beam CT. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Verhoeven H, Ghekiere A, Van Cauwenberg J, Van Dyck D, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Clarys P, Deforche B. Subgroups of adolescents differing in physical and social environmental preferences towards cycling for transport: A latent class analysis. Prev Med 2018; 112:70-75. [PMID: 29634973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to be able to tailor environmental interventions to adolescents at risk for low levels of physical activity, the aim of the present study is to identify subgroups of adolescents with different physical and social environmental preferences towards cycling for transport and to determine differences in individual characteristics between these subgroups. In this experimental study, 882 adolescents (12-16 years) completed 15 choice tasks with manipulated photographs. Participants chose between two possible routes to cycle to a friend's house which differed in seven physical micro-environmental factors, cycling distance and co-participation in cycling (i.e. cycling alone or with a friend). Latent class analysis was performed. Data were collected from March till October 2016 across Flanders (Belgium). Three subgroups could be identified. Subgroup 1 attached most importance to separation of the cycle path and safety-related aspects. Subgroup 2 attached most importance to being able to cycle together with a friend and had the highest percentage of regular cyclists. In subgroup 3, the importance of cycling distance clearly stood out. This subgroup included the lowest percentage of regular cyclists. Results showed that in order to stimulate the least regular cyclists, and thus also the subgroup most at risk for low levels of active transport, cycling distances should be as short as possible. In general, results showed that providing well-separated cycle paths which enable adolescents to cycle side by side and introducing shortcuts for cyclists may encourage different subgroups of adolescents to cycle for transport without discouraging other subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ariane Ghekiere
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Peter Clarys
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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Verhoeven H, Van Hecke L, Van Dyck D, Baert T, Van de Weghe N, Clarys P, Deforche B, Van Cauwenberg J. Differences in physical environmental characteristics between adolescents' actual and shortest cycling routes: a study using a Google Street View-based audit. Int J Health Geogr 2018; 17:16. [PMID: 29843715 PMCID: PMC5975511 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-018-0136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective evaluation of the physical environmental characteristics (e.g. speed limit, cycling infrastructure) along adolescents' actual cycling routes remains understudied, although it may provide important insights into why adolescents prefer one cycling route over another. The present study aims to gain insight into the physical environmental characteristics determining the route choice of adolescent cyclists by comparing differences in physical environmental characteristics between their actual cycling routes and the shortest possible cycling routes. METHODS Adolescents (n = 204; 46.5% boys; 14.4 ± 1.2 years) recruited at secondary schools in and around Ghent (city in Flanders, northern part of Belgium) were instructed to wear a Global Positioning System device in order to identify cycling trips. For all identified cycling trips, the shortest possible route that could have been taken was calculated. Actual cycling routes that were not the shortest possible cycling routes were divided into street segments. Segments were audited with a Google Street View-based tool to assess physical environmental characteristics along actual and shortest cycling routes. RESULTS Out of 160 actual cycling trips, 73.1% did not differ from the shortest possible cycling route. For actual cycling routes that were not the shortest cycling route, a speed limit of 30 km/h, roads having few buildings with windows on the street side and roads without cycle lane were more frequently present compared to the shortest possible cycling routes. A mixed land use, roads with commercial destinations, arterial roads, cycle lanes separated from traffic by white lines, small cycle lanes and cycle lanes covered by lighting were less frequently present along actual cycling routes compared to the shortest possible cycling routes. CONCLUSIONS Results showed that distance mainly determines the route along which adolescents cycle. In addition, adolescents cycled more along residential streets (even if no cycle lane was present) and less along busy, arterial roads. Local authorities should provide shortcuts free from motorised traffic to meet adolescents' preference to cycle along the shortest route and to avoid cycling along arterial roads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Linde Van Hecke
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Baert
- Department of Geography – CartoGIS, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Van de Weghe
- Department of Geography – CartoGIS, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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Deliens T, Verhoeven H, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Huybrechts I, Mullie P, Clarys P, Deforche B. Factors associated with fruit and vegetable and total fat intake in university students: A cross-sectional explanatory study. Nutr Diet 2018; 75:151-158. [PMID: 29314564 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study assessed sociodemographics, general health, personal and environmental factors associated with fruit and vegetable (F&V) and total fat intake in Belgian university students. METHODS In total, 185 students completed a self-reported online questionnaire assessing daily F&V and fat intake, as well as sociodemographic, personal and environmental variables related to F&V and fat intake. Mean F&V and fat consumption were compared with Belgian recommendations. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with F&V and fat intake. RESULTS Respectively, 90.3 and 50.8% of students failed to meet the recommendations for F&V and fat consumption. Agreeing more with the fact that one should eat F&V on most days of the week (individual subjective norm), finding it less difficult to eat F&V at home or at university (perceived behavioural control) and experiencing more modelling were associated with higher F&V consumption. Increasing age, higher educational level of the father and higher individual subjective norm about eating low-fat foods were associated with lower fat intake. CONCLUSIONS Future interventions aiming to improve dietary intake among university students should focus on younger students with lower socioeconomic status and should enhance students' subjective norm and behavioural control concerning healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Deliens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Mullie
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- International Prevention Research Institute (iPRI), Lyon, France
| | - Peter Clarys
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Cain KL, Geremia CM, Conway TL, Frank LD, Chapman JE, Fox EH, Timperio A, Veitch J, Van Dyck D, Verhoeven H, Reis R, Augusto A, Cerin E, Mellecker RR, Queralt A, Molina-García J, Sallis JF. Development and reliability of a streetscape observation instrument for international use: MAPS-global. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:19. [PMID: 29482633 PMCID: PMC5828144 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between several built environment factors and physical activity and walking behavior are well established, but internationally-comparable built environment measures are lacking. The Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS)-Global is an observational measure of detailed streetscape features relevant to physical activity that was developed for international use. This study examined the inter-observer reliability of the instrument in five countries. METHODS MAPS-Global was developed by compiling concepts and items from eight environmental measures relevant to walking and bicycling. Inter-rater reliability data were collected in neighborhoods selected to vary on geographic information system (GIS)-derived macro-level walkability in five countries (Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Hong Kong-China, and Spain). MAPS-Global assessments (n = 325) were completed in person along a ≥ 0.25 mile route from a residence toward a non-residential destination, and a commercial block was also rated for each residence (n = 82). Two raters in each country rated each route independently. A tiered scoring system was created that summarized items at multiple levels of aggregation, and positive and negative valence scores were created based on the expected effect on physical activity. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed for scales and selected items using one-way random models. RESULTS Overall, 86.6% of individual items and single item indicators showed excellent agreement (ICC ≥ 0.75), and 13.4% showed good agreement (ICC = 0.60-0.74). All subscales and overall summary scores showed excellent agreement. Six of 123 items were too rare to compute the ICC. The median ICC for items and scales was 0.92 with a range of 0.50-1.0. Aesthetics and social characteristics showed lower ICCs than other sub-scales, but reliabilities were still in the excellent range (ICC ≥ 0.75). CONCLUSION Evaluation of inter-observer reliability of MAPS-Global across five countries indicated all items and scales had "good" or "excellent" reliability. The results demonstrate that trained observers from multiple countries were able to reliably conduct observations of both residential and commercial areas with the new MAPS-Global instrument. Next steps are to evaluate construct validity in relation to physical activity in multiple countries and gain experience with using MAPS-Global for research and practice applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L Cain
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Carrie M Geremia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry L Conway
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- Health and Community Design Lab, Schools of Population and Public Health and Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Urban Design 4 Health, Inc., Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Eric H Fox
- Urban Design 4 Health, Inc., Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity & Nutrition, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jenny Veitch
- Institute for Physical Activity & Nutrition, School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA
| | - Alexandre Augusto
- Research Group on Physical Activity and Quality of Life, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerin
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Ana Queralt
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Molina-García
- Deparment of Teaching of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - James F Sallis
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
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6
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Van Hecke L, Verhoeven H, Clarys P, Van Dyck D, Van de Weghe N, Baert T, Deforche B, Van Cauwenberg J. Factors related with public open space use among adolescents: a study using GPS and accelerometers. Int J Health Geogr 2018; 17:3. [PMID: 29357871 PMCID: PMC5778634 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-018-0123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low physical activity levels and high levels of sedentary time among adolescents call for population wide interventions. Public open spaces can be important locations for adolescents’ physical activity. This study aimed to describe the prevalence, frequency and context of public open space visitation and to gain insight into the individual, social and physical environmental factors associated with public open space use among 12- to 16-year-old Flemish (Belgian) adolescents. Methods Global positioning system devices, accelerometers and one-on-one interviews were used to measure location-specific activity levels, time spent at, reasons for using and accompaniment at public open spaces among 173 adolescents. Multilevel hurdle and gamma models were used to estimate the associations between the independent variables (age, gender, ethnicity, education, sport club membership and accompaniment) and the amount of time, sedentary time, light-, moderate- to vigorous- and vigorous-intensity physical activity at public open spaces. Results Three out of four participants had visited a public open space (for recreational purposes) and participants were most often accompanied by friends/classmates. Mainly public transportation stops/stations were used, and subsequently the most reported reason for public open space use was “to wait for something or someone”. Furthermore, boys, younger adolescents, non-western-European adolescents and lower educated adolescents were more likely to use public open spaces. Additionally, boys and younger adolescents were more likely to accumulate physical activity at public open spaces. The only social environmental variable associated with time spent at public open spaces was accompaniment by siblings: adolescents spent more time at public open spaces when accompanied by their siblings. Conclusions Public open spaces may be effective areas to promote physical activity among groups at risk for physical inactivity (i.e. low educated and non-western-European adolescents). Additionally, girls and older adolescents were less likely to visit and be physically active at public open spaces. Therefore, urban planners should consider adding attractive features, in order to encourage physical activity among girls and older adolescents at public open spaces. Furthermore, creating public open spaces that are attractive for youth of all ages could contribute to adolescents visiting public open spaces accompanied by siblings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12942-018-0123-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linde Van Hecke
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Van de Weghe
- Department of Geography - CartoGIS, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Baert
- Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Geography - CartoGIS, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.
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Verhoeven H, Ghekiere A, Van Cauwenberg J, Van Dyck D, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Clarys P, Deforche B. Which physical and social environmental factors are most important for adolescents' cycling for transport? An experimental study using manipulated photographs. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:108. [PMID: 28818079 PMCID: PMC5561648 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ecological models emphasize that cycling for transport is determined by an interplay between individual, physical and social environmental factors. The current study investigated (a) which physical and social environmental factors determine adolescents’ preferences towards cycling for transport and (b) which individual, physical and social environmental factors are associated with their intention to actually cycle for transport. Methods An online questionnaire consisting of questions on individual and social environmental variables, and 15 choice-based conjoint tasks with manipulated photographs was completed by 882 adolescents (55.3% male; 13.9 ± 1.6 years). Within the choice tasks, participants were asked to indicate which of two situations they would prefer to cycle to a friend’s house. The manipulated photographs were all modified versions of one semi-urban street which differed in the following physical micro-environmental attributes (separation of cycle path, evenness of cycle path, speed limit, speed bump, traffic density, amount of vegetation and maintenance). In addition, each photograph was accompanied by two sentences which described varying cycling distances and co-participation in cycling (i.e. cycling alone or with a friend). After each choice task participants were also asked if they would actually cycle in that situation in real life (i.e. intention). Hierarchical Bayes analyses were performed to calculate relative importances and part-worth utilities of environmental attributes. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate which individual, physical and social environmental factors were associated with adolescents’ intention to actually cycle for transport. Results Adolescents’ preference to cycle for transport was predominantly determined by separation of cycle path, followed by shorter cycling distance and co-participation in cycling. Higher preferences were observed for a separation between the cycle path and motorized traffic by means of a hedge versus a curb, versus a marked line. Similar findings were observed for intention to cycle. Furthermore, evenness of the cycle path and general maintenance of the street were also of considerable importance among adolescents, but to a lesser extent. Conclusions Results of this experimental study justify investment by local governments in well-separated cycling infrastructure, which seemed to be more important than cycling distance and the social environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ariane Ghekiere
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Verhoeven H, Simons D, Van Cauwenberg J, Van Dyck D, Vandelanotte C, de Geus B, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Clarys P, Deforche B. Promoting Active Transport in Older Adolescents Before They Obtain Their Driving Licence: A Matched Control Intervention Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168594. [PMID: 28033355 PMCID: PMC5199110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Active transport has great potential to increase physical activity in older adolescents (17–18 years). Therefore, a theory- and evidence-based intervention was developed aiming to promote active transport among older adolescents. The intervention aimed to influence psychosocial factors of active transport since this is the first step in order to achieve a change in behaviour. The present study aimed to examine the effect of the intervention on the following psychosocial factors: intention to use active transport after obtaining a driving licence, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, subjective norm, self-efficacy, habit and awareness towards active transport. Methods A matched control three-arm study was conducted and consisted of a pre-test post-test design with intervention and control schools in Flanders (northern part of Belgium). A lesson promoting active transport was implemented as the last lesson in the course ‘Driving Licence at School’ in intervention schools (intervention group 1). Individuals in intervention group 2 received this active transport lesson and, in addition, they were asked to become a member of a Facebook group on active transport. Individuals in the control group only attended the regular course ‘Driving Licence at School’. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing socio-demographics and psychosocial variables at baseline, post (after one week) and follow-up (after eight weeks). To assess intervention effects, multilevel linear mixed models analyses were performed. Results A sample of 441 older adolescents (56.8% female; 17.4 (0.7) years) was analysed. For awareness regarding the existence of car sharing schemes, a significant increase in awareness from baseline to post measurement was found within intervention group 1 (p = 0.001) and intervention group 2 (p = 0.030) compared to the control group in which no change was found. In addition, a significant increase in awareness from baseline to follow-up measurement was found within intervention group 1 (p = 0.043) compared to a decrease in awareness from baseline to follow-up measurement within the control group. Conclusions Overall, the intervention was not effective to increase psychosocial correlates of active transport. Future intervention studies should search for alternative strategies to motivate and involve this hard to reach target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Dorien Simons
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, School for Human, Health and Social Science, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Bas de Geus
- Human Physiology Research Group, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Vanwolleghem G, Ghekiere A, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I, D'Haese S, Geremia CM, Lenoir M, Sallis JF, Verhoeven H, Van Dyck D. Using an audit tool (MAPS Global) to assess the characteristics of the physical environment related to walking for transport in youth: reliability of Belgian data. Int J Health Geogr 2016; 15:41. [PMID: 27846881 PMCID: PMC5111220 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-016-0069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to examine inter-rater and alternate-form reliability of the Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS) Global tool to assess the physical environment along likely walking routes in Belgium. Methods For 65 children participating in the BEPAS-children study, routes between their individual homes and the nearest pre-defined destination were defined. Using MAPS Global, physical environmental characteristics of the routes were audited by 4 trained auditors (2 on-site, 2 online using Google Street View). Inter-rater reliability was studied for on-site and online ratings separately. Alternate-form reliability was examined by comparing on-site with online ratings. Results Inter-rater reliability for on-site ratings was acceptable for 68% of items (kappa range 0.03–1.00) and for online ratings for 60% of items (kappa range −0.03 to 1.00). Acceptable alternate-form reliability was reported for 60% of items (kappa range −0.01 to 1.00/r range 0.31–1.00). Conclusions MAPS Global can be used to assess the physical environment of potential walking routes. For areas where Google Street View imagery is widely covered and often updated, MAPS Global can be completed online. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12942-016-0069-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griet Vanwolleghem
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ariane Ghekiere
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 4K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara D'Haese
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carrie M Geremia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 3900 Fifth Avenue, Suite 310, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - James F Sallis
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 3900 Fifth Avenue, Suite 310, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Hannah Verhoeven
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 4K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Human Biometry and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
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Verhoeven H, Simons D, Van Dyck D, Van Cauwenberg J, Clarys P, De Bourdeaudhuij I, de Geus B, Vandelanotte C, Deforche B. Psychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Walking, Cycling, Public Transport and Passive Transport to Various Destinations in Flemish Older Adolescents. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147128. [PMID: 26784933 PMCID: PMC4718705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Active transport is a convenient way to incorporate physical activity in adolescents’ daily life. The present study aimed to investigate which psychosocial and environmental factors are associated with walking, cycling, public transport (train, tram, bus, metro) and passive transport (car, motorcycle, moped) over short distances (maximum eight kilometres) among older adolescents (17–18 years), to school and to other destinations. Methods 562 older adolescents completed an online questionnaire assessing socio-demographic variables, psychosocial variables, environmental variables and transport to school/other destinations. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were performed. Results More social modelling and a higher residential density were positively associated with walking to school and walking to other destinations, respectively. Regarding cycling, higher self-efficacy and a higher social norm were positively associated with cycling to school and to other destinations. Regarding public transport, a higher social norm, more social modelling of siblings and/or friends, more social support and a higher land use mix access were positively related to public transport to school and to other destinations, whereas a greater distance to school only related positively to public transport to school. Regarding passive transport, more social support and more perceived benefits were positively associated with passive transport to school and to other destinations. Perceiving less walking and cycling facilities at school was positively related to passive transport to school only, and more social modelling was positively related to passive transport to other destinations. Conclusions Overall, psychosocial variables seemed to be more important than environmental variables across the four transport modes. Social norm, social modelling and social support were the most consistent psychosocial factors which indicates that it is important to target both older adolescents and their social environment in interventions promoting active transport. Walking or cycling together with siblings or friends has the potential to increase social norm, social modelling and social support towards active transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Verhoeven
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Dorien Simons
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Van Cauwenberg
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bas de Geus
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Central Queensland University, Institute for Health and Social Science Research, Physical Activity Research Group, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton QLD 4702, Australia
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Kissler S, Verhoeven H, Marx K, Behler M, Emde T, Unterhorst E, Kohl J, Wiegratz I, Meier W, Scholtes M. Die transvaginale Hydrolaparoskopie (TVHL) – deutsche Erfahrungen über ein neues Verfahren in der ambulanten Sterilitätsdiagnostik. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1039247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Scholtes MC, Behrend C, Dietzel-Dahmen J, van Hoogstraten DG, Marx K, Wohlers S, Verhoeven H, Zeilmaker GH. Chromosomal aberrations in couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection: influence on implantation and ongoing pregnancy rates. Fertil Steril 1998; 70:933-7. [PMID: 9806579 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of chromosomal aberrations in couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and their influence on subsequent implantation and ongoing pregnancy rates. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Fertility center. PATIENT(S) Candidates for ICSI. INTERVENTION(S) Chromosomes were trypsin-banded in 2,280 patients. In all cases, 10 metaphases were karyotyped. Sex chromosome analysis was performed in 10 additional metaphases. When apparent chromosomal aberrations were detected, 100 metaphases were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Implantation and ongoing pregnancy rates in couples with a chromosomal disorder. RESULTS A chromosomal abnormality was demonstrated in 7.2% of all couples. Among the male partners, 4.48% had aberrations. Autosomal aberrations were present in 2.96%, and numerical or structural sex chromosome abnormalities were found in 1.52%. Among the female partners, numerical or structural abnormalities were documented in 9.79%. Only 2.32% of the female partners had autosomal structural abnormalities. Numerical or structural anomalies involving sex chromosomes were found in 7.47%. Implantation rates of 9.4% and 16.3% per embryo were observed in female partners with sex chromosome mosaicism and autosomal aberrations, respectively. In male partners, the respective rates were 3.8% and 23.1%. CONCLUSION(S) The incidence of chromosomal disorders in couples seeking ICSI treatment is considerable, especially minor mosaicism (<10%) of sex chromosomes in the female partners. Preliminary data indicate a low implantation rate in couples with minor mosaicism of sex chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Scholtes
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Puite KJ, van Wikselaar P, Verhoeven H. Electrofusion, a simple and reproducible technique in somatic hybridization of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia mutants. Plant Cell Rep 1985; 4:274-276. [PMID: 24253987 DOI: 10.1007/bf00269376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/1985] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrofusion of protoplasts from two complementary nitrate reductase deficient mutants of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia has resulted in somatic hybrid lines. Mesophyll protoplasts isolated from the cofactor mutant CNX 20 and fluorescein diacetate stained protoplasts derived from a cell suspension culture of the NA 36 line, being defective in the apoenzyme, were used in the fusion experiments. In total, 594 lines were recovered which could proliferate on a selective medium with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source. This is including 141 putative hybrid lines which were obtained after transfer of 1048 heterokaryons with a micromanipulator one day after electrofusion. The hybrid character of some of the selected lines was confirmed by nitrate reductase activity measurements. Plants were grown from hybrid calli.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Puite
- Research Institute ITAL, Postbox 48, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
One of the most important and fundamental prerequisites for successful microsurgery is serious and adequate training. This article presents the effect of microsurgical training on the functional end result of reanastomosis in the rabbit fallopian tube and evaluates the appropriate duration of laboratory training. In 50 New Zealand White female rabbits a microsurgical reanastomosis of the fallopian tube in its isthmic portion was performed. The rabbits were divided into five groups. In the first group only 30% of the rabbits conceived on the side operated on. The nidation index was only 0.269 as compared to 0.831 for the control side. Improvement in microsurgical skill following 100 isthmic anastomoses resulted in a 100% pregnancy rate for the last group. The nidation indexes in this group were the same on the side operated on and on the control side, 0.774 and 0.702, respectively. Scanning electron microscopic examination of the anastomosis site revealed a progressive increase in patency rate and in the amount of apposed mucosal folds in the three groups. A training program is recommended, which should bring about a nidation index and pregnancy rate that should not differ from the side operated on to the control side.
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Van Den Bossche H, Verhoeven H, Vanparijs O, Lauwers H, Thienpont D. Closantel, a new antiparasitic hydrogen ionophore [proceedings]. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 1979; 87:851-3. [PMID: 93944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lauwers W, Leysen J, Verhoeven H, Laduron P. Identification of alkaloids; the condensation products of biogenic amines with formaldehyde, enzymatically formed from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid. Biomed Mass Spectrom 1975; 2:15-22. [PMID: 1131388 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of thin-layer chromatography has demonstrated that incubations of indoleamines with 5-methyl[14-C]tetrahydrofolic acid and an enzyme previously described as an N-methyltransferase, do not yield Nw, N1, or O-methylated products. Further elucidation by thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and selected ion monitoring enabled us to identify the reaction products as tetrahydroisoquinolines and tetrahydro-beta-carbolines in mixtures incubated respectively with catecholamines and indoleamines in the presence of 5-methyl[14-C]tetrahydrofolic acid and enzyme. The alkaloids have been shown to originate from a spontaneous condensation of the corresponding amines with formaldehyde, this latter being formed in the first stage of the reaction by enzymatic conversion from 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.
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