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Deb N, Rashid R, Das H, Syed IM, Hoque SM. Enhanced specific loss power of hematite-chitosan nanohybrid synthesized by hydrothermal method. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230384. [PMID: 37830020 PMCID: PMC10565375 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
We used a hydrothermal technique to develop nano-scale α-Fe2O3 particles and functionalized them with chitosan. An X-ray diffraction study revealed α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were of single-phase, lattice constants were a = 5.07 Å and c = 13.68 Å, and the grain size was 27 nm. The presence of lattice fringes in the HRTEM image confirmed the crystalline nature of the α-Fe2O3. The Mössbauer spectra reveal a mixed relaxation state, which supports the PPMS studies. Zero-field cooled studies revealed the existence of a Morin transition and blocking temperature. The z-average value of the coated particles by DLS was between 218 and 235 nm, PDI ranged from 0.048 to 0.119, and zeta potential was +46.8 mV. We incubated the Vero and HeLa cell lines for 24 h to study the viability of the nanohybrids at different concentrations. Hyperthermia studies revealed the maximum temperature and specific loss power attained by the hematite-chitosan nanohybrid solution of a concentration between 0.25-4 mg ml-1. The Tmax at the lowest and highest concentrations of 0.25 and 4 mg ml-1 were 42.9 and 48.3°C, while the SLP were 501.6 and 35.5 W g-1, which are remarkably high when the maximum magnetization of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was as small as 1.98 emu g-1 at 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Deb
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Rimi Rashid
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - H. Das
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - S. Manjura Hoque
- Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Ji G, Tidwell D, Yin L, Thakolwiboon S, Pan J, Junell R, Griffin Z, Shahi S, Barthels D, Sajib MS, Trippier PC, Mikelis CM, Das H, Avila M, Neugebauer V, German NA. Correction to "Evaluation of Urea-Based Inhibitors of the Dopamine Transporter Using the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis". ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3138. [PMID: 36264675 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Oomen J, Van den Ende C, Das H. POS1500-HPR BABS ON A MISSION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF MESSAGE FRAMING AND THE USE OF A PATIENT TESTIMONIAL ON BELIEFS AND INTENTIONS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundIt is important that patients receive appropriate and reliable information that effectively targets beliefs in order for them to adhere to health behaviors. Framing (focusing on either gains or losses; [1]) is one of the most commonly used techniques in health communication to influence beliefs. In addition, the use of a testimonial in educational material might strengthen effects as intentions to adhere to health behaviors seem to rely strongly on testimonies of other patients. However, little is known about the potential of framing and patient testimonies to impact beliefs and change in health behaviors in osteoarthritis (OA).ObjectivesTo study the effects of 1) message framing and 2) patient testimonies on beliefs about and intentions to be physically active and use pain medication.MethodsWe conducted an experiment consisting of a 2 (gain-frame vs loss-frame) x 2 (testimonial versus informative message) factorial design. Members of a research panel (n=639) with a self-reported diagnosis of knee OA were invited to participate. Participants were randomized into one of four video messages applying framing and the use of either a testimonial or facts. The messages (mean (SD) words 1073 (129)) were audiotaped by the same female speaker, subtitled, and complemented with images (duration of ~10 minutes). The four different combinations were: informative-loss (“If you are not physically active, this can lead to more pain[…].”), informative-gain (“If you are physically active, this can lead to less pain[…].”), testimonial-loss (“When I wasn’t physically active, I experienced more pain[…].”), testimonial-gain (“When I was physically active, I experienced less pain[…].”). After this video, participants filled out a questionnaire on socio-demographic and disease characteristics, and rated 3 statements concerning beliefs on a 7-point Likert scale (completely disagree – completely agree), and one 7-point Likert scale item on intentions (I do not do this now and am not planning doing this – I am doing this already for more than 6 months) each for both physical activity and pain medication based on the Theory of Planned behavior questionnaire [2]. ANOVA was used to assess the main and interaction effects of framing and the use of a testimonial on mean beliefs and intentions.ResultsA total of 154 respondents completed the questionnaire (Table 1). Framing nor the use of a testimonial impacted beliefs and intentions on physical activity. Loss framing resulted in more positive beliefs about pain medication (mean (SD) 5.5 (1.6)) than gain framing (mean (SD) 4.9 (1.9), p=.04, 95% CI [0.0, 0.1]). Within the loss frame, the patient testimonial scored significantly more positive on pain medication beliefs (mean (SD) 5.0 (1.7)) than the informative message (mean (SD) 6.0 (1.1), p=.02, 95% CI [0.1, 1.6]) (Figure 1).Table 1.Characteristics of participants (n=154)Female, n (%)110 (71)Age (in years), mean (SD)62.3 (7.9)BMI, mean [kg/m2], (SD)27.3 (4.4)Daily functioning (KOOSa; 0-100), mean (SD)64.5 (18.0)Pain VAS (0-10), mean (SD)4.6 (2.2)Symptoms for more than five years, n (%)96 (62.3)Presence of OA in other joints, n (%)85 (55.2)Knee replacement, n (%)32 (20.8)Presence of comorbidities, n (%)111 (72.0)Figure 1.Interaction of framing and the use of a patient testimonial on beliefs about pain medicationConclusionThis study showed that stating the disadvantages of nonadherence to pain medication resulted in more positive beliefs about pain medication than stating the advantages of adherence. The use of a patient testimonial within this loss frame strengthened the effect. Our findings indicate that health care providers should be aware of the potential effects of emphasising either gains or losses in educational messages to their patients.References[1]Rothman, A.J. and P. Salovey, Shaping perceptions to motivate healthy behavior: the role of message framing. Psychol Bull, 1997. 121(1): p. 3-19.[2]Ajzen, I., Constructing a Theory of Planned Behavior Questionnaire. 2006. 1-12.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Anandhi B, Jerritta S, Anusuya I, Das H. Time Domain Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Signals in Valence Recognition for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Ing Rech Biomed 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kilaru S, Panda SS, Das H, Sahoo N, Mohapatra D, Mohapatra SSG, Kolluri S. Primary gastric Hodgkin's lymphoma: A rare coincidence. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 24:100194. [PMID: 32707425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mostly primary gastric lymphomas are of the non-Hodgkin variety. Primary Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) of the stomach is an unusual entity that may be a big challenge in diagnosis. We reporter are case presenting as gastric outlet obstruction, which was later diagnosed as primary Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the stomach. Its rare coincidence makes it worth to be reported to sensitize clinicians as well as pathologists for the uncommon extra nodal site of Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Kilaru
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Soumya Surath Panda
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Hemlata Das
- Department of Pathology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
| | - Nibedita Sahoo
- Department of Pathology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debahuti Mohapatra
- Department of Pathology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Spoorthy Kolluri
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Panda SS, Radhakrishnan V, Ganesan P, Rajendranath R, Ganesan TS, Rajalekshmy KR, Bhola RK, Das H, Sagar TG. Flow Cytometry Based MRD and Its Impact on Survival Outcome in Children and Young Adults with ALL: A Prospective Study from a Tertiary Cancer Centre in Southern India. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2020; 36:300-308. [PMID: 32425381 PMCID: PMC7229125 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-019-01228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) following induction chemotherapy is a well-recognized risk factor to predict relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). There is paucity of data on MRD and outcome in ALL from India. We share our experience in establishing a flow cytometry-based MRD assay for ALL with emphasis on determination of the number of patients who had MRD on day 35 of induction therapy and its correlation with outcome and other prognostic factors. We prospectively studied MRD in patients with ALL less than 25 years who achieved morphological complete remission with induction therapy. The initial series consisted of 104 patients with ALL. Ninety-two patients had bone marrow samples collected on day 35 of remission induction chemotherapy that was adequate for MRD. Strategy of monitoring MRD was based on flow cytometry using six color staining according the leukemia associated immunophenotype found at diagnosis. Data analysis was done using Fisher exact test. The median age was 8.5 years (range 0.9-22 years). Thirty-seven out of ninety-two patients (40.2%) had MRD at end of induction. MRD on day 35 was between 0.01 and 0.1% in 18.9% of patients, between 0.1 and 1% in 59.5% and more than 1% in 21.6% patients. Among the patients who had MRD, 16.7% had favourable cytogenetics, 60% had intermediate and 13.3% had high-risk cytogenetics. The presence or absence of residual leukemia by flow cytometry at day 35 was not significantly related to age (p = 1.0), male gender (p = 0.08) hyperleukocytosis (p = 0.25) or day 8 blast clearance (p = 0.21). However, T cell phenotype (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with MRD. The 5-year event free survival (EFS) for patients who had MRD versus those who did not was 69% and 61.1% respectively (p = 0.41). The 5-year overall survival (OS) for patients who had MRD versus those who did not was 72.5% and 61.1% respectively (p = 0.33). Flow cytometric techniques can be applied to monitor MRD in patients of ALL undergoing induction therapy. Our results suggest MRD correlates with certain known prognostic factors. Though the EFS and OS was lower in MRD positive patients, the results were not statistically significant probably because of the small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Surath Panda
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | | | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020 India
| | - Rejiv Rajendranath
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020 India
| | - Trivadi S. Ganesan
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020 India
| | | | - Rajesh Kumar Bhola
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Hemlata Das
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Tenali Gnana Sagar
- Departments of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600020 India
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Dotaniya ML, Saha JK, Rajendiran S, Coumar MV, Meena VD, Das H, Kumar A, Patra AK. Reducing chromium uptake through application of calcium and sodium in spinach. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:754. [PMID: 31734742 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In peri-urban areas, the use of wastewater for crop production is a common practice due to water scarcity. Moreover, in the recent years, large quantity of wastewater generation and discharge as industrial effluent in water resources is another issue for reduction of water quality. The leather industries are significantly contributing chromium (Cr) in effluent, whereas, other industries may have salt and cationic load in their discharges are mixed up. Therefore, it is mandatory to study the interactive effect of different effluent constituents on crop plants. In this connection, a pot culture experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal to compute the effect of application of calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) ions on Cr uptake by spinach crop in Vertisol of central India. Three levels of Cr (0, 50, 100 mg kg-1), calcium (0, 2, 4 mM), and sodium (0, 40, 80 mM) were applied in combinations. The spinach variety All Green was used as a test crop and harvested at full maturity. Results showed that application of Ca and Na reduced the Cr uptake in spinach crop. The reduction of Cr uptake was more in the root than shoot. Applied calcium acted as an essential plant nutrient and enhanced the crop biomass. Sole applications of Na adversely affected the crop biomass and Cr uptake in both root and shoot of spinach. In conclusion, application of Ca fertilizers reduced the Cr toxicity in spinach and could be used as a strategy for the safe utilization of tannery industrial effluents for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Dotaniya
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia road, Bhopal, 462 038, India.
- ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed- Mustard Research, Bharatpur, 321 303, India.
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Duggal D, Nagwekar J, Rich R, Huang W, Midde K, Fudala R, Das H, Gryczynski I, Szczesna-Cordary D, Borejdo J. Effect of a myosin regulatory light chain mutation K104E on actin-myosin interactions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1248-57. [PMID: 25770245 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00834.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young individuals. Molecular mechanisms underlying this disorder are largely unknown; this study aims at revealing how disruptions in actin-myosin interactions can play a role in this disorder. Cross-bridge (XB) kinetics and the degree of order were examined in contracting myofibrils from the ex vivo left ventricles of transgenic (Tg) mice expressing FHC regulatory light chain (RLC) mutation K104E. Because the degree of order and the kinetics are best studied when an individual XB makes a significant contribution to the overall signal, the number of observed XBs in an ex vivo ventricle was minimized to ∼20. Autofluorescence and photobleaching were minimized by labeling the myosin lever arm with a relatively long-lived red-emitting dye containing a chromophore system encapsulated in a cyclic macromolecule. Mutated XBs were significantly better ordered during steady-state contraction and during rigor, but the mutation had no effect on the degree of order in relaxed myofibrils. The K104E mutation increased the rate of XB binding to thin filaments and the rate of execution of the power stroke. The stopped-flow experiments revealed a significantly faster observed dissociation rate in Tg-K104E vs. Tg-wild-type (WT) myosin and a smaller second-order ATP-binding rate for the K104E compared with WT myosin. Collectively, our data indicate that the mutation-induced changes in the interaction of myosin with actin during the contraction-relaxation cycle may contribute to altered contractility and the development of FHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Duggal
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - J Nagwekar
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - R Rich
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - W Huang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; and
| | - K Midde
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - R Fudala
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - H Das
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute of Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, Institute of Cancer Research, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - I Gryczynski
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
| | - D Szczesna-Cordary
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; and
| | - J Borejdo
- Department of Cell Biology & Immunology and Center for Commercialization of Fluorescence Technologies, University of North Texas, Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas; and
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Dotaniya ML, Das H, Meena VD. Assessment of chromium efficacy on germination, root elongation, and coleoptile growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth periods. Environ Monit Assess 2014; 186:2957-2963. [PMID: 24415062 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The tannery effluents contain a high concentration of chromium (Cr). It drastically reduces the crop yield when used for irrigation purpose. A huge volume of tannery effluents is available as irrigation for crop production. It is negatively affecting germination as well as yield of the crop. The wheat seeds were exposed to five different concentrations of Cr (0, 20, 40, 80, and 100 ppm). In Petri plates, 100 seeds were placed and the germination percent was recorded after 72 hour (h). Root elongation and coleoptile growth were measured at 72, 120, 168, and 240 h. Results showed that the germination percent of the test crop decreased with increasing Cr levels. It decreased by 6, 14, 30, and 37 % under the Cr concentration of 20, 40, 80, and 100 ppm, respectively. The root elongation was more sensitive than the coleoptile growth. The negative correlation was found between Cr levels and root elongation as well as coleoptile growth. These growth parameters were significantly affected up to 80 ppm of Cr level. The wheat growers using tannery effluent as irrigation should be well treated prior to application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Dotaniya
- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal, 462 038, India,
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Abstract
Moisture sorption isotherms of vacuum dried coconut presscake were determined at 25 °C, 30 °C, and 38 °C using a gravimetric technique. Sorption isotherms exhibited Type II behaviour. The effect of temperature on equilibrium moisture content was not significant (p > 0.05). Three models available in the literature viz., GAB, BET, and Halsey models were fitted to the sorption data. Out of the three tested models, Halsey model best fitted the experimental data with a relative deviation percent below 10%. The net isosteric heat of sorption was determined from the equilibrium adsorption data using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Isosteric heats of sorption were found to decrease exponentially with increasing moisture content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Jena
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Post Harvest Technology (CAU), Ranipool, 737135 Gangtok, Sikkim India
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Lustberg MB, Ruppert AS, Carothers S, Bingman A, McCarthy B, Raman S, Das M, Kanji S, Lu J, Das H, Cinar-Akakin H, Gurcan MN, Berger MJ, Wesolowski R, Olson EM, Ramaswamy B, Mrozek E, Layman RM, Binkley P, Shapiro CL. Abstract P2-11-07: Endothelial progenitor cells as novel markers of anthracycline induced cardiac injury. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p2-11-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Anthracyclines including doxorubicin (DOX) cause myocardial damage that manifests as either subclinical decrements of left ventricular ejection function (LVEF) or overt cardiomyopathy. LVEF changes and cardiac risk factors are insufficient predictors of future DOX cardiotoxicity. Bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are mobilized and are homed to sites of myocardial injury to help with repair of damaged myocardium. We hypothesized that EPC levels would be indicative of early DOX cardiotoxicity. Hence, we prospectively collected serial blood samples to evaluate functional EPCs, Troponin I (Ti) and B-natriuretic peptide (BNP), in patients (pts) receiving DOX-based chemotherapy.
Methods: Eligible pts were initiating adjuvant DOX for early stage breast cancer. Pts underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), Ti, BNP, and EPC at baseline, after 1 cycle of DOX, and after completion of DOX. CD133+ progenitor cells were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using AutoMACS (automated magnetic cell sorting, Miltenyi Biotech). In vitro colony forming unit (CFU) assay was performed for isolated CD133+ progenitor cells on MethoCult (Stemcell Technology). After 8 days of culture, EPC colonies were counted using a two-step image analysis algorithm. Repeated measures analysis of variance modeled changes in cardiac markers over time. Logistic regression was used to correlate variables with abnormal Ti.
Results: Forty two women were enrolled. The average age was 52 years (range 33–68) and stage distribution was I (14%), II (58%) and III (28%). All but one patient received peg-fligrastim after DOX. Thirty six pts had EPC/cardiac biomarkers and twenty nine pts had CMRs at all three time points. LVEF decreased 1.6% following completion of DOX (95% CI: −3.8 to 0.6, p = 0.16). There was a non-linear trend in EPCs over time (p = 0.05), with an initial increase followed by a decrease, with average values of 59 (95% CI: 50–70), 65 (95% CI: 55–75), and 50 (95% CI: 40–60), respectively, across the three time points. By the end of treatment, 54% (95% CI: 0.37–0.71) of women had abnormal troponins (median: 0.03, range: 0.02 to 0.17). Variables associated with abnormal troponins included lower baseline EPCs (p = 0.095), older age (p = 0.075) and initial increase in BNP post cycle 1 (p < 0.03). In a multivariable model, age (p = 0.04) and BNP (p = 0.04) were independent prognostic factors for abnormal troponins, where the odds of abnormal troponins was 65% higher for every 5-year increase in age (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.02–2.66) and 58% higher for every 1.5-fold increase in BNP (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.01–2.46). Baseline EPC did not remain in the final model with p = 0.12.
Conclusions: DOX was well-tolerated with no significant changes in LVEF as measured by serials CMRs. Older age and increased BNP were independent prognostic factors for rise in Ti. We observed an initial increase of EPCs with DOX exposure followed by a decrease after the end of treatment. Although not statistically significant, lower EPCs at baseline, corresponding to lower cardiac reserve, were correlated with abnormal Ti. This is the first study reporting an intriguing association of EPCs with traditional cardiac biomarkers during DOX chemotherapy. Funded by R21 CA143787-02.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-11-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- MB Lustberg
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - AS Ruppert
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - S Carothers
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - A Bingman
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - B McCarthy
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - S Raman
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - M Das
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - S Kanji
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - J Lu
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - H Das
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - H Cinar-Akakin
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - MN Gurcan
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - MJ Berger
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - R Wesolowski
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - EM Olson
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - B Ramaswamy
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - E Mrozek
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - RM Layman
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - P Binkley
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
| | - CL Shapiro
- The OSU Breast Program at Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center; OSU
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Das M, Lu J, Joseph M, Aggarwal R, Kanji S, McMichael BK, Lee BS, Agarwal S, Ray-Chaudhury A, Iwenofu OH, Kuppusamy P, Pompili VJ, Jain MK, Das H. Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) regulates monocyte differentiation and functions in mBSA and IL-1β-induced arthritis. Curr Mol Med 2012; 12:113-25. [PMID: 22280353 DOI: 10.2174/156652412798889090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) plays an important role in the regulation of a variety of immune cells, including monocytes. We have previously shown that KLF2 inhibits proinflammatory activation of monocytes. However, the role of KLF2 in arthritis is yet to be investigated. In the current study, we show that recruitment of significantly greater numbers of inflammatory subset of CD11b(+)F4/80(+)Ly6C+ monocytes to the inflammatory sites in KLF2 hemizygous mice compared to the wild type littermate controls. In parallel, inflammatory mediators, MCP-1, Cox-2 and PAI-1 were significantly up-regulated in bone marrow-derived monocytes isolated from KLF2 hemizygous mice, in comparison to wild-type controls. Methylated-BSA and IL-1β-induced arthritis was more severe in KLF2 hemizygous mice as compared to the littermate wild type controls. Consistent with this observation, monocytes isolated from KLF2 hemizygous mice showed an increased number of cells matured and differentiated towards osteoclastic lineage, potentially contributing to the severity of cartilage and bone damage in induced arthritic mice. The severity of arthritis was associated with the higher expression of proteins such as HSP60, HSP90 and MMP13 and attenuated levels of pPTEN, p21, p38 and HSP25/27 molecules in bone marrow cells of arthritic KLF2 hemizygous mice compared to littermate wild type controls. The data provide new insights and evidences of KLF2-mediated transcriptional regulation of arthritis via modulation of monocyte differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Das
- Cardiovascular Medicine, The Dorothy M Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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Aggarwal R, Lu J, J. Pompili V, Das H. Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Transcriptional Regulation, Ex Vivo Expansion and Clinical Application. Curr Mol Med 2012; 12:34-49. [DOI: 10.2174/156652412798376125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Debjani C, Das S, Das H. Aggregation of sensory data using fuzzy logic for sensory quality evaluation of food. J Food Sci Technol 2011; 50:1088-96. [PMID: 24426020 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-011-0433-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A method of sensory evaluation using fuzzy logic has been proposed in this paper. The method was applied for evaluation of sensory quality of tea liquor made out of dried CTC tea. Linguistic data (e.g., excellent, very good, good, satisfactory, fair, not-satisfactory, etc.) on individual tea liquor's quality attributes and the perception of the evaluators (e.g., extremely important, highly important, important, somewhat important, not-at-all important, etc.) for relative importance of these quality attributes were obtained. Sensory score between 0 and 100 for (i) Judges' preference for different quality attributes of tea liquor in general, (ii) Quality attributes ranking of tea liquor and the (ii) Overall quality of tea liquor were estimated. The last one can be utilized for the ranking of the different tea liquors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakraborty Debjani
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302 WB India
| | - Shrilekha Das
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302 WB India
| | - H Das
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302 WB India
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Kakade RH, Das H, Ali S. Performance evaluation of a double drum dryer for potato flake production. J Food Sci Technol 2011; 48:432-9. [PMID: 23572767 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A double drum dryer working under atmospheric pressure was developed for water evaporation rate of 20 kg/h. Potato slurry of 12% solid concentration was dried to obtain potato flakes. Experiments were carried out at drum speed of 5 to 30 rpm, steam pressure 2 to7 kg/cm(2) gauge (saturation temperature 120-164 °C) and liquid level 5 to 10 cm at the nip of drums. The responses obtained were, moisture content of the potato flakes: 1.18-44.15% (db), dry matter output rate: 1.33-2.87 kg dry solid/h and L value of colour: 30.9-66.4. Steam pressure and drum speed were the most influencing parameters affecting all 3 responses. Optimum combination of operating variables for obtaining potato flakes of 8% (db) moisture content, high dry solid output rate and high L value of colour was: drum speed 19.6 rpm, steam pressure 4.3 kg/cm(2) gauge (saturation temperature 145 °C) and liquid level at the drum nip 6.3 cm. At this combination of independent variables, residence time of the product on drum surface would be 2 s, final moisture content of product 8% (db), product output rate 2.4 kg dry solid/h and L value of colour 53.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Kakade
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302 India
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Malla P, Karki P, Das H. Effectiveness of intra-operative and post-operative use of 5-fluorouracil in trabeculectomy--a randomized clinical trial. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2010; 2:16-25. [PMID: 21141322 DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v2i1.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The success rate of trabeculectomy is limited by postoperative scarring. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of intra-operative and post-operative use of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in trabeculectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty consecutive eyes undergoing trabeculectomy were randomized systematically into 3 groups of ten patients each. Group A served as a control; in Group B intraoperative 5-FU was used, whereas Group C received post-operative sub-conjunctival 5-FU. The variables studied were pre- and post-operative intraocular pressure, post-operative bleb characteristics and complications. STATISTICS Data were evaluated using the SPSS ver 10.0 program. ANOVA, paired t test and chi2 tests were performed. RESULTS The means of age in years of patients in group A, B and C were 49 +/- 9.23, 56.50 +/- 8.39 and 52.10 +/- 8.96 respectively (p = 0.222). The means of pre-operative IOP in groups A, B and C were 37.80 +/- 10 mmHg, 42.00 +/- 11.22 mmHg and 29.40 +/- 12.82 mmHg respectively. The medians of pre-operative anterior chamber depth (ACD) in groups B and C were 3 and 2 in group A according to van Herrick's grading. The mean values of final IOP were 11.90 +/- 3.50, 11.70 +/- 4.24, 11.00 +/- 2.83 mmHg (p = 0.841). The median post-operative anterior chamber depth in all the groups was similar compared to the pre-operative anterior chamber depth (p = 0.510). The final bleb scores in all the groups were similar (p = 0.873). CONCLUSION The intra-operative and post-operative use of 5-FU in trabeculectomy is almost equally effective in terms of IOP control and bleb characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Malla
- Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common primary orbital malignant tumor in children. Orbital lesions represent about 10 % of all the cases of rhabdomyosarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cause of proptosis in adults. OBJECTIVE To report a case of primary orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in a 45-year-old female. DESIGN Interventional case report. The main outcome measures are a rare cause ofproptosis in an adult, discussion on treatment options and prognosis ofrhabdomyosarcoma. RESULT The patient underwent total orbital exenteration and was referred for radiotherapy and chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cause of proptosis in adults. It should be suspected in a case of rapidly-progressive proptosis in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lavaju
- Department of Ophthalmology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular involvement in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is common. OBJECTIVE To study the association between pregnancy-induced hypertensive fundus changes and fetal outcomes. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A prospective cohort study was carried out including 153 subjects with the diagnosis of PIH. The subjects were evaluated for hypertensive fundus changes. Fetal outcomes were assessed in terms of gestational age, birth weight, 1 minute Apgar score, stillbirth and neonatal death. STATISTICS The chi2 test was used to evaluate the association between the various fundus changes and fetal outcomes using SPSS version 10 software program. RESULTS Fundus changes were found in 13.7% of the subjects. The means of systolic and diastolic BP of the subjects with hypertensive fundus changes were 182.86 +/- 33.64 and 125.24 +/- 21.36 respectively, whereas those values without fundus changes were 150.72 +/- 12.86 and 100.07 +/- 9.51.Vitreous hemorrhage, serous retinal detachment and macular star were not found in this study. Fetal outcomes in PIH patients with vascular changes alone were similar to those with no fundus changes. Retinal and optic nerve head changes were found to be associated (p = 0.016) with low birth weight (< 2.5 kg). Choroidal changes and optic nerve head changes were associated with low Apgar score. CONCLUSION Retinal and optic nerve head changes are associated with low birth weight. Choroidal changes and optic nerve head changes are associated with low Apgar score. Fundus evaluation in patients with PIH is an important procedure to predict adverse fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Karki
- Department of Ophthalmology, KIST Medical College Teaching Hospital, Imadol, Lalitpur, Nepal.
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Pokharel A, Pokharel PK, Das H, Adhikari S. The patterns of refractive errors among the school children of rural and urban settings in Nepal. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2010; 2:114-20. [DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v2i2.3717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The uncorrected refractive error is an important cause of childhood blindness and visual impairment. Objective: To study the patterns of refractive errors among the urban and rural school going children of Nepal. Subjects and methods: A total of 440 school children of urban and rural schools within the age range of 7-15 years were selected for this study using multi-stage randomization technique. Results: The overall prevalance of refractive error in school children was 19.8 %. The commonest refractive error among the students was myopia (59.8 %), followed by hypermetropia (31.0 %). The children of age group 12-15 years had the higher prevalence of myopia as compared to the younger counterparts (42.5 % vs 17.2 %). The prevalence of myopia was 15.5 % among the urban students as compared to 8.2 % among the rural ones (RR = 1.89, 95 % CI = 1.1-3.24). The hypermetropia was more common in urban students than in rural ones (6.4 %) vs 5.9 %, RR = 1.08 (95 % CI: 0.52-2.24). Conclusion: The prevalence of refractive error in the school children of Nepal is 19.8 %. The students from urban settings are more likely to have refractive error than their rural counterparts. DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v2i2.3717 Nep J Oph 2010;2(2) 114-120
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Sharma A, Das H, Adhikari S, Lavaju P, Shrestha BG. A randomised clinical trial comparing the outcome of trabeculectomy using triangular versus rectangular scleral flaps. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2009; 1:20-4. [PMID: 21141017 DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v1i1.3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND trabeculectomy is the standard surgical procedure for management of glaucoma. OBJECTIVE to compare the outcome of triangular and rectangular scleral flaps in trabeculectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS this study was carried out in the Department ofOphthalmology, BPKIHS, Dharan, over a period of one year. A total of 22 patients undergoing trabeculectomy were randomized to undergo either trabeculectomy with triangular scleral flap (Group A= 11 eyes) or trabeculectomy with rectangular flap (Group B = 11 eyes). OUTCOME MEASUREMENT the parameters studied were intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber depth (ACD), bleb characteristics and surgical complications. STATISTICS P value of<0.05 was considered significant. All calculations were executed using SPSS 11.0 software program. RESULTS the age ranged between 40 to 76 years with the mean of 56.5 +/- 9.25 years. The most common preoperative diagnosis was angle closure glaucoma. The postoperative percentage of IOP reduction (Group A=68.9%; Group B=66.51%) was statically significant in both the groups (p=0.001). Trabeculectomy was almost equally effective with complete surgical success of 91% in group A, and 82% in group B (p=0.534). Final bleb scores were almost similar in both the groups with 3.27 +/- 1.5 in group A and 3.36 +/- 1.21 in group B (p=0.877). Hypotony with the IOP less than 6 mmHg was found in the first post-operative day in 2 patients in Group A and in 1 in Group B. All of them improved spontaneously within a week. CONCLUSION both triangular and rectangular scleral flaps in trabeculectomy are equally effective in terms of post surgical IOP control, bleb characteristics and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
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Singh SK, Das H, Lavaju P. Efficacy of lid everting suture in the management of involutional lower eyelid entropion using 4-0 silk versus 4-0 chromic catgut. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2009; 1:37-42. [PMID: 21141020 DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v1i1.3672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND involutional lower eyelid entropion is a common ophthalmic condition requiring surgical correction. OBJECTIVE to compare the efficacy of lid everting sutures in the management ofinvolutional lower lid entropion using 4-0 silk versus 4-0 chromic catgut. MATERIALS AND METHODS fifty eyes with involutional lower eyelid entropion were enrolled into the study and divided randomly into two groups, A and B. Group A underwent lid everting suture with 4-0 chromic catgut and group B with 4-0 silk. The parameters assessed were pre- and post-operative lower lid excursion (LLE) and horizontal lid laxity (HLL). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS data were plotted in the excel spread sheet and analyzed using SPSS 11.0 software program. The difference between the two groups was compared using Chi square test and unpaired t test. RESULTS while comparing the pre-operative and post-operative changes of HLL within the two groups separately, there was 63% reduction of HLL in group A(p=0.001) and 68% reduction (p=0.001) in group B. In groupA, there was 48.2% improvement in LLE and in group B 52% postoperatively (p=0.001). The success rate in each group was 92%. The cost of surgery in group A was higher than that in group B (p=0.003). CONCLUSION lid everting suture by 4-0 silk is as effective as 4-0 chromic catgut. The cost of lid everting suture by 4-0 catgut is higher than that of 4-0 silk. The silk suture can be recommended for correction of lower lid involutional entropion in a country with low socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
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Javvadhi S, Das H, Agrawal S. Pattern and determinants of ocular complications in leprosy patients in eastern Nepal. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2009; 1:2-8. [PMID: 21141014 DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v1i1.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND odular complications of leprosy can lead to blindness. OBJECTIVE to report the pattern and determinants of ocular complications in patients with leprosy from eastern Nepal. METHODS a cross-sectional study was carried out analyzing one hundred and eighty six patients of leprosy presenting between Jan 2002-Nov 2004. All the patients were categorized using WHO and Ridley and Jopling classification. After determining bacillary indices in all of them, a detailed ocular examination was carried out. Independent risk factors were determined for ocular involvement. RESULTS ocular complications were found in 30.65% of the leprosy patients; lagophthalmos (17.74%) was the most frequent followed by uveitis (8.60%). Most of the patients having visual loss had it due to corneal complications and none of the patients with uveitis had vision <6/18. The patients released from treatment (83.33%) and those currently on treatment (31.63%) had higher occurrence of complications. Risk factors for ocular involvement were higher bacillary index, longer disease duration (p-=0.031, RR=1.109, 95% CI=1.009-01.218) and decreased corneal sensation(p=0.001, RR=3.564; 95 % C I=2.014-6.306). Higher Schirmer values (p=0.012, RR=0.935, 95% CI=0.888-0.985) were found to be protective for ocular complications. STASTICS: SPSS ver 10.0 was used for data analysis. The P value of <0.05 was considered as significant. CONCLUSIONS the prevalence of complications is high in patients released from treatment for leprosy. Cornea-related complications are the most important cause of visual disability and blindness. Risk factors for ocular complications are higher bacillary index, longer disease duration and decreased corneal sensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Javvadhi
- Departments of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
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Kumar S, Panda A, Badhu BP, Das H. Safety of primary intraocular lens insertion in unilateral childhood traumatic cataract. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2008; 47:179-185. [PMID: 19079390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the results of cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens implantation in unilateral childhood traumatic cataract following penetrating trauma and its long term follow up. It is a hospital based study of 114 children (age 3-10 years) with unilateral traumatic cataract who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction/ lens aspiration with implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). Primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) was performed in 57 eyes and the rest 57 were without PPC (NPPC). The patients were followed up at regular intervals for a period of 3 years. Postoperative inflammation and pupillary capture were two frequent complications seen during postoperative period. Development of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) was 1/57, 4/57 at 8th week and 7/30 and 14/39 at 6 months, in PPC and NPPC group, respectively. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA)>or=6/18 was achieved in 50% of eyes at 8th week post operatively and the same at 3 years with/without membranectomy/capsulotomy was evident in 73.3% of eyes. Meticulous case selection with insertion of "in the bag IOL" and subjecting the traumatized cataractous eyes to primary posterior capsulotomy are factors responsible for optimal outcome in unilateral traumatic cataract in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Subharti Institute of Medical Sciences, Meerut, UP, India.
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Kumar S, Panda A, Bandu BP, Das H. Safety of Primary Intraocular Lens Insertion in Unilateral Childhood Traumatic Cataract. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2008. [DOI: 10.31729/jnma.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the results of cataract surgery with primary intraocular lens implantation inunilateral childhood traumatic cataract following penetrating trauma and its long term follow up.It is a hospital based study of 114 children (age 3-10 years) with unilateral traumatic cataract whounderwent extracapsular cataract extraction/ lens aspiration with implantation of posterior chamberintraocular lens (IOL). Primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) was performed in 57 eyes and the rest57 were without PPC (NPPC). The patients were followed up at regular intervals for a period of 3years.Postoperative inflammation and pupillary capture were two frequent complications seen duringpostoperative period. Development of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) was 1/57, 4/57 at 8thweek and 7/30 and 14/39 at 6 months, in PPC and NPPC group, respectively. Best corrected visualacuity (BCVA) ≥ 6/18 was achieved in 50% of eyes at 8th week post operatively and the same at 3years with/without membranectomy/capsulotomy was evident in 73.3% of eyes.Meticulous case selection with insersion of “in the bag IOL” and subjecting the traumatizedcataractous eyes to primary posterior capsulotomy are factors responsible for optimal outcome inunilateral traumatic cataract in children.Key words: childhood, intraocular lens, Nepal, traumatic cataract
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Sah RP, Badhu BP, Pokharel PK, Thakur SKD, Das H, Panda A. Prevalence of glaucoma in Sunsari district of eastern Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2007; 5:343-348. [PMID: 18604052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine prevalence of glaucoma and glaucoma suspect in subjects 40 years and above in Sunsari district of eastern Nepal. METHODS A community based cross sectional study examining 1600 selected subjects was carried out. In all subjects best corrected visual acuity was determined. Oblique torch light test was used for anterior chamber depth evaluation. Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements with Perkins tonometer and fundus examination were carried out in the community. Subjects diagnosed as glaucoma suspect were further evaluated in the hospital using slit lamp examination, gonioscopy and Goldmann perimetry. Glaucoma was defined by characteristic disc and visual field changes irrespective of the level of IOP. RESULTS Of 1600 subjects examined, the prevalence of glaucoma was found to be 0.938%. The prevalences of primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma, secondary glaucoma and ocular hypertension were 0.562%, 0.125%, 0.250% and 0.500% respectively. Lens induced glaucoma accounted for all the cases of secondary glaucoma. CONCLUSION The prevalence of glaucoma in the Sunsari District of Nepal is 0.938%, which is lower than that reported in the neighboring regions. Lens induced glaucoma is highly prevalent as a cause of secondary glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Sah
- Rana Ambika Lumbini Eye Institute, Bhairawa, Nepal
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Panda A, Kumar S, Das H, Badhu BP. Striving for the perfect surgery in traumatic cataract following penetrating trauma in a tertiary care hospital at eastern Nepal. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2007; 46:119-125. [PMID: 18274567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the result of traumatic cataract surgery in a tertiary care hospital at eastern Nepal. It is a hospital-based study of 112 patients (age 15-62), who underwent cataract extraction for unilateral traumatic cataracts. The study was carried out to evaluate the surgical outcome of tramatic cataract. Thirty-eight eyes had associated posterior capsular defect. No serious postoperative complications were encountered. Posterior capsular opacification at the end of sixth week was evident only in two eyes. Best corrected visual acuity nof 6/18 or more at the eighth week was achieved in 61 (54%) eyes. Astigmatism of less than 3D was achieved in 82 (73%) eyes. Rational surgical approach in traumatic cataract provides encouraging results. To comment on actual outcome long term follow up is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panda
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Badhu B, Baral N, Lamsal M, Das H, Dhital Badhu A. Plasma and aqueous humur ascorbic acid levels in people with cataract from diverse geographical regions of Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007; 38:582-5. [PMID: 17877237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid in aqueous humor of the eye has a role as an antioxidant in delaying cataract formation. In a cross-sectional comparative study, ascorbic acid levels from aqueous humor and venous blood obtained from patients with cataracts in mountainous regions (1,300-2,000 meters) and subtropical lowlands (<100 meters) of Nepal were measured spectrophotometrically with the objective of comparing the levels of aqueous humor ascorbic acid in patients with cataracts from these two diverse geographical regions. Of 131 patients included in the study, 59 were from the mountainous region of Nepal (Group A) and 72 were from the subtropical lowlands (Group B). The mean (+/- SD) plasma ascorbic acid level (mg%) of the subjects in Group A was 0.65 (+/- 0.20) and Group B was 0.85 (+/- 0.31). The aqueous ascorbic acid levels ranged from 12-28 mg % (mean +/-SD = 17.5+/-4.52) and 14-50 mg % (mean +/-SD =23.47+/-8.66) in Groups A and B, respectively. The difference of the plasma and aqueous humor ascorbic acid levels between the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.01). The plasma and aqueous humor ascorbic acid levels in the people with cataracts from the mountainous region of Nepal were significantly lower than those from subtropical lowlands. This may be because of the effect of high altitude and ultraviolet rays on ascorbic acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Badhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
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Das H, Badhu BP, Gautam MA. Indirect traumatic optic neuropathy--retrospective interventional case series from a tertiary care center in eastern Nepal. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2007; 46:57-61. [PMID: 18094738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To report the demography, nature of insult and ocular characteristics in patients presenting with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy and to evaluate the visual outcome with mega dose methylprednisolone therapy. Retrospective hospital data analysis of all patients admitted with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy and treated with mega dose methylprednisolone therapy in the last three years was conducted. Nine patients (M:F= 8:1) were identified with unilateral optic nerve injury. Road traffic injury was the most common cause of injury. Lid ecchymosis and swelling on the same side was the most frequent ocular abnormality noted, followed by loss of consciousness. Time of presentation varied from 3 hours to 11 days. All patients except two had visual acuity of no light perception at presentation. Following therapy there was improvement in visual acuity in two patients who presented within two days of injury. Patients present late with traumatic optic neuropathy in this hospital. Most of the patients are with no light perception. High dose steroids was found to be beneficial only in patients presenting early (<two days).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Kumari R, Badhu BP, Das H. Effectiveness of combination of permanent and releasable scleral flap sutures in trabeculectomy: a randomized clinical trial. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2006; 4:419-425. [PMID: 18603947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trabeculectomy is a commonly used surgical treatment for glaucoma. PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of combination of permanent and releasable scleral flap sutures to minimize the immediate postoperative complications of trabeculectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was carried out in Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. Forty one eyes of 34 patients undergoing trabeculectomy were randomized to undergo either conventional trabeculectomy (Group A= 20 eyes) or trabeculectomy with combination of permanent and releasable scleral flap sutures (Group B =21 eyes). The parameters studied were intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and surgical complications over a period of 6 weeks. RESULTS Significantly higher number of eyes belonging to group A (14 eyes) had shallower anterior chamber than group B (7 eyes) on first post operative day (p=0.042). Six eyes (30%) in group A had peripheral or central irido-corneal touch in early postoperative period as compared to only one in Group B. Hypotony was noted in 3 eyes in each group. Two patients in group A required reformation of anterior chamber. Other surgical complications in the two groups were similar. Both the groups had a significant drop in IOP following surgery. However, there was no significant difference in the IOP between the two groups after 6 weeks (Group A: 10.95 +/- 3.03 mmHg vs. Group B: 12.29 +/- 4.67 mmHg; p=0.87). There was a significant drop in IOP following removal of sutures (15.19 +/- 6.15 mmHg to 13.19 +/- 6.13 mmHg; p=006) in group B. CONCLUSION Use of combination of permanent and releasable scleral flap sutures is a safe technique that significantly reduces the incidence of immediate postoperative shallow anterior chamber after trabeculectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumari
- B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Ophthalmology, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
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Jaya S, Das H, Mani S. Optimization of Maltodextrin and Tricalcium Phosphate for Producing Vacuum Dried Mango Powder. International Journal of Food Properties 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10942910500217666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE To study the epidemiology of chronic dacryocystitis and the success rate of external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in Nepal. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive and interventional case series. A total of 662 records of patients with chronic dacryocystitis due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction, who were treated by means of external DCR without bicanalicular silastic tube intubation, were studied. STATISTICS Mean for age with standard deviation and confidence intervals were calculated. The significance of the difference in means was calculated using the unpaired t-test. RESULTS Of 662 patients, 67.6% were female. The mean age of the patients was 27.4 +/- 13.7 years (SE = 0.53, 95% CI = 26.34-28.46). Chronic dacryocystitis due to nasolacrimal duct obstruction was found in 86 patients (13.0%) from the high hills (mean age = 35.3 +/- 11.4 years, 95% CI = 32.85-37.75), but most patients (576, 87.0%) were from the subtropical lowlands with a monsoon climate (mean age = 26.9 +/- 13.3 years, 95% CI = 25.8-28.0; p = < 0.01). An overall success rate of 88.6% (89.8% for high-hill patients and 87.4% for those from the lowlands) was obtained after DCR. CONCLUSION Chronic dacryocystitis is more common in the subtropical plains of Nepal with a monsoon climate than in the high hills. It is predominantly found in pre-menopausal females. External DCR without bicanalicular silastic tube intubation is an effective method for treating chronic dacryocystitis due to NLDO in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Badhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
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Das H, Das BP, Panda A. Pattern of intraocular pressure changes following manual small incision cataract surgery. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005; 3:340-4. [PMID: 16449832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To find out the pattern of changes in intraocular pressure after manual small incision cataract surgery. METHODS Consecutive patients (291 eyes of 291 patients) undergoing manual small incision cataract surgery were prospectively evaluated for change in IOP. Patients were further divided into two groups based on whether or not sutures were used to close the scleral tunnel. IOP was serially measured at day 1, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 12th week. RESULTS The mean post operative IOP in eyes where sutures were not applied (12.59+/- 3.02 mmHg, 12.59+/-2.34mmHg, 12.54+/-2.19mmHg and 12.40+/-2.99 mm Hg at day1, 2week and 4weeks respectively) was lower than that where sutures were used to close the wound (15.57+/- 3.86mmHg, 14.05+/-2.52mmHg, 14.43+/-3.39mmHg at day1, 2weeks and 4 weeks respectively). There was a drop of IOP from the preoperative IOP in both suture (1.15+/-3.29mm Hg) and non suture (3.29+/-3.07mm Hg) group at 3 months of follow up. CONCLUSION There is a small drop of IOP following sutureless MSICS during long term follow up. Eyes where sutures are applied are more likely to have higher IOP than those without sutures at the initial post operative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Das
- Department of Ophthalmology, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal.
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Javvadhi SS, Das H, Badhu BP, Agrawal S. Variation of intraocular pressure in patients with leprosy. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005; 3:217-221. [PMID: 18650579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are various controversial reports on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with leprosy. PURPOSE The current study was undertaken to study the level of intraocular pressure in leprosy patients and its association with the risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective cross sectional comparative study. An ophthalmologist and a dermatologist evaluated consecutive 93 patients with leprosy. The risk factors studied were age, gender, bacillary index, clinical diagnosis, duration of disease and treatment; and ocular complications. The IOP in these patients was compared with healthy age and sex matched controls. RESULTS A total of 186 leprosy patients (93) and healthy controls (93) were studied. The mean applanation IOP for the right and left eyes in leprosy patients was 12.87 1.20 mm of Hg and 13.222.70 mm of Hg respectively. This was found to be significantly lesser (p<0.001) than in the controls (RE=15.142.58 and LE=15.412.36 mmHg). The untreated leprosy patients had significantly lower IOP than those with treatment (p<0.001). None of the risk factors were found to be independently associated with the decrease in IOP. The duration of treatment, however, showed a trend towards having a significant association (p=0.057) with the lower level of IOP. CONCLUSION The level of IOP is lower in leprosy patients than in the healthy controls. Age, gender, bacillary index and presence of ocular complications due to leprosy are not independently associated with the decrease in IOP. The untreated leprosy patient tends to have a lower IOP. This finding can be used to monitor effectiveness of treatment of leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Javvadhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Sunsari, Nepal
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Das H, Atsumi T, Fukushima Y, Shibuya H, Ito K, Yamada Y, Amasaki Y, Ichikawa K, Amengual O, Koike T. Diagnostic value of antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2004; 23:218-22. [PMID: 15168148 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-003-0860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2003] [Accepted: 11/18/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Our objective in this study was to explore the diagnostic value of antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study comprised 266 Japanese patients with systemic autoimmune diseases, including 60 with RA. Human agalactosyl IgG was prepared enzymatically, and the serum levels of antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies were determined using a lectin enzyme immunoassay. Serum IgG and IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) were measured using laser nephelometry for IgM (LN-RF) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgG (IgG-RF). Antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies were significantly more common in patients with RA than in those without (78% vs. 18%, odds ratio (OR) 16.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.12-33.58, p<0.0001). Patients with RA also had a higher frequency of LN-RF than those without RA (75% vs. 28%, OR 7.81, 95% CI 3.91-15.58, p< 0.001). The specificity of antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies for RA was significantly higher than that of LN-RF (82% vs. 72%, p<0.0011). There was a significant correlation between titers of antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies and C-reactive protein levels. Antiagalactosyl IgG antibodies are more specific markers for RA than conventional LN-RF, and may provide useful information for the diagnosis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Das
- Department of Medicine II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, N15 W7, Kitaku, 060-8638 Sapporo, Japan
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Wang L, Das H, Kamath A, Bukowski JF. Human V gamma 2V delta 2 T cells produce IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha with an on/off/on cycling pattern in response to live bacterial products. J Immunol 2001; 167:6195-201. [PMID: 11714780 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.11.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Whereas cytokine production in alphabeta T cells is rapidly regulated by exposure to peptide Ag, the mechanisms regulating cytokine production by gammadelta T cells are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that human Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells produce IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha as early as 2 h after Ag exposure, and that they produce these cytokines in a dose- and time- dependent manner in response to stimulation with a live bacterial product, iso-butylamine (IBA), but not to dead bacteria or LPS. gammadelta T cells began, ceased, and then resumed IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha generation in an on/off/on cycling pattern, both in vitro and in vivo, depending on the presence or absence of IBA. IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, whose optimum production was dependent on IBA-stimulated gammadelta T cells, were critical for monocyte-mediated killing of Escherichia coli. By limiting cytokine production to periods of direct contact with live bacteria, gammadelta T cells focus their resources at the site of infection, while limiting systemic immunopathology. Thus, human gammadelta T cells may mediate innate resistance to extracellular bacteria via tightly regulated cytokine production without necessarily expanding in number.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Abstract
V gamma 2V delta 2 cells, a class of T cells found only in primates, are reactive to nonpeptide organophosphate and alkylamine antigens secreted by bacteria and parasites. These cells make up 2-5% percent of human peripheral blood T cells but expand to make up 8-60% of peripheral blood T cells during bacterial and parasitic infections. We show here, using a chimeric severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse (hu-SCID) model, that human V gamma 2V delta 2 T cells mediate resistance to extracellular gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Morganella morganii) bacteria, as assessed by survival, body weight, bacterial loads, and histopathology. Surprisingly, this bacterial resistance was evident 1 day after infection, and bacteria were cleared well before gamma delta T cell expansion was detected 6 days after infection. Decreased resistance in V delta 2 T cell-depleted hu-SCID mice correlated with decreased serum IFN-gamma titers. Intravenous treatment of infected, reconstituted hu-SCID mice with pamidronate, a human V gamma 2V delta 2 T cell-specific aminobisphosphonate antigen, markedly increased the in vivo antibacterial effect of V gamma 2V delta 2 T cells. Therefore, this large pool of antigen-specific, yet immediately reactive memory human V gamma 2V delta 2 T cells is likely to be an important mediator of resistance against extracellular bacterial infection and may bridge the gap between innate and acquired immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Abstract
Aminobisphosphonates, potent derivatives of bisphosphonates, are frequently used for the treatment of conditions such as osteoporosis and bone metastases that are characterized by excessive osteoclastic bone resorption. Using T-cell receptor (TCR) transfer studies, we show that recognition of antigenic aminobisphosphonates that are known to stimulate human gammadelta T cells in vitro and in vivo (potency: risedronate > alendronate > pamidronate) requires expression of the Vgamma2Vdelta2 TCR and is thus Vgamma2Vdelta2 TCR-dependent. Myeloma cells or monocytes pulsed with risedronate and then washed rendered these target cells sensitive to lysis by a Vgamma2Vdelta2 T-cell clone or cell line. These results suggest that Vgamma2Vdelta2 TCR-dependent recognition leading to direct cytolysis of aminobisphosphonate-sensitized osteoclast or tumor targets may be a mechanism whereby aminobisphosphonate treatment of cancers metastatic to bone decreases osteoclastic activity and tumor burden and also may account for the decreased osteoclastic activity associated with successful treatment of osteoporosis.
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MESH Headings
- Alendronate/chemistry
- Alendronate/immunology
- Alendronate/pharmacology
- Alendronate/therapeutic use
- Antigens/chemistry
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Diphosphonates/chemistry
- Diphosphonates/immunology
- Diphosphonates/pharmacology
- Diphosphonates/therapeutic use
- Etidronic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- Etidronic Acid/chemistry
- Etidronic Acid/immunology
- Etidronic Acid/pharmacology
- Etidronic Acid/therapeutic use
- Gene Rearrangement, delta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Gene Rearrangement, gamma-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Jurkat Cells
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Monocytes/drug effects
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Osteoclasts/drug effects
- Osteoclasts/immunology
- Osteoclasts/metabolism
- Osteoporosis/drug therapy
- Pamidronate
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Risedronic Acid
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- H Das
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Patraval V, Rathi P, Sawant P, Vyas K, Das H. Endoscopic sclerotherapy in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction. Trop Gastroenterol 2001; 22:137-40. [PMID: 11681106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) is a common cause of variceal bleeding in children in India. There is paucity of data regarding the results of treatment with endoscopic sclerotherapy. METHODS Fifty-nine children (mean age 11 +/- 3.8 years; range 7 months to 12 years; 36 males and 23 females) were studied from February 1990 to September 1999. EHPVO was diagnosed on the basis of portal cavernoma on ultrasonography in 55 patients and on splenoportovenogram in 4 patients. Endoscopic sclerotherapy was caried out at weekly intervals for the first three weeks and at 3 weekly intervals thereafter till complete or near complete thrombosis was achieved. All patients were followed up with check endoscopy every 3-6 months after thrombosis of oesophageal varices. RESULTS Over a mean follow up of 25.4 months (range 3 to 87 months) total thrombosis was achieved in 53 (89.8%) of 59 children. The mean number of sclerotherapy sessions required were 7.5 +/- 2.2. The mean number of blood transfusions required per bleeding episode was 3.8 +/- 3.2. Of the 59 children 21 (35.6%) rebled, of which 17 (28.8%) bled during and 4(6.8) after thrombosis of varices. Seven (11.9%) children had more than one episode of bleeding. Once thrombosis of the varices was achieved 15 (26%) of 59 children developed fresh varices on follow up. Gastric varices were detected in 47 (60%) children. In 39 (66%) children it was present at the onset and in 8 (13.5%) children it developed after thrombosis of oesophageal varices. Bleeding from gastric varix occurred in 7(9%) children. Ascites developed in 6(10.6%) children. One child developed oesophageal stricture. There were 3 (5%) deaths. Two died due to upper gastrointestinal bleed while on sclerotherapy schedule and one died due to cerebral abscess. CONCLUSION EHPVO is an important and common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children in Western India. EST is safe and useful in controlling oesophageal variceal bleeding in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Patraval
- Department of Gastroenterology, L.T. Municipal Medical College & L. T. Municipal General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai-400 022
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Das H, Groh V, Kuijl C, Sugita M, Morita CT, Spies T, Bukowski JF. MICA engagement by human Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells enhances their antigen-dependent effector function. Immunity 2001; 15:83-93. [PMID: 11485740 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells comprise 2%-5% of human peripheral blood T cells, recognize ubiquitous nonpeptide antigens, and expand up to 50-fold during microbial infection. It is not clear why these Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells expand only after microbial infection. We show here that the stress-inducible molecule, MICA, is induced on the surface of dendritic and epithelial cells by infection with M. tuberculosis in vitro and in vivo. MICA engagement by the activating receptor, NKG2D, present on Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells, resulted in a substantial enhancement of the TCR-dependent Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cell response to nonpeptide antigens and protein superantigens alike. Thus, a MICA-NKG2D interaction may be necessary for an effective innate immune response to microbe-associated antigens that also are constitutively present in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Das
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Abstract
In an experimentally induced Aspergillus fumigatus fungal keratitis in 20 rabbits, aprotinin, an antiplasmin agent, was studied to find out its role as an adjuvant when given along with other established antifungal agents like natamycin and fluconazole. The 20 rabbits included in this study were randomly divided into four equal treatment groups. Once the ulcer was produced after intrastromal injection of 0.03 ml of A. fumigatus (5.5 x 10(4) spores/ml), different drugs/agents in combination were used in a randomized manner. These were natamycin (5%) + placebo, natamycin + aprotinin (40 IU/ml), fluconazole (0.3%) + placebo and fluconazole + aprotinin. The rabbits were followed up every day to note the signs of healing which included subsidence of corneal infiltration, disappearance of stromal abscess and subsidence of corneal oedema till complete healing. Results showed that the average healing time was 28.2, 28.4, 49.8 and 49.0 days for natamycin + placebo, natamycin + aprotinin, fluconazole + placebo and fluconazole + aprotinin, respectively. It suggests that aprotinin as an adjuvant has no definite role in the management of fungal keratitis. The plasminogen activator-plasmin system which is inhibited by aprotinin may not be the pathway through which filamentous fungi like A. fumigatus cause tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Biswas
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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