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Nakamoto K, Kikuhara S, Fujimori H, Saraswat B, Gao Z, Vadi Velu A, Zhang Z, Tong Y, Imamichi S, Nozaki T, Murakami Y, Masutani M. Effect of Functional Inhibition of BACE1 on Sensitization to γ-Irradiation in Cancer Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:450-460. [PMID: 38248330 PMCID: PMC10814450 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing strategies for the radiosensitization of cancer cells by the inhibition of genes, which harbor low toxicity to normal cells, will be useful for improving cancer radiotherapy. Here, we focused on a β-site of amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1; β-secretase, memapsin-2). By functional inhibition of this peptidase by siRNA, it has also recently been shown that the DNA strand break marker, γH2AX foci, increased, suggesting its involvement in DNA damage response. To investigate this possibility, we knocked down BACE1 with siRNA in cancer cell lines, and sensitization to γ-irradiation was examined by a colony formation assay, γH2AX foci and level analysis, and flow cytometry. BACE1 knockdown resulted in the sensitization of HeLa, MDA-MB-231, U2OS, and SAOS cells to γ-irradiation in a diverse range. BACE1 knockdown showed a weak radiosensitization effect in osteosarcoma U2OS cells, which has a normal p53 function. HeLa and SAOS cells, which harbor p53 dysfunction, exhibited a greater level of radiosensitization. These results suggest that BACE1 may be a potential target for the radiosensitization in particular cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Nakamoto
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Sota Kikuhara
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo Univsersity of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Barkha Saraswat
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Zhongming Gao
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Ankitha Vadi Velu
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Zongxiang Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
| | - Shoji Imamichi
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tadashige Nozaki
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Murakami
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo Univsersity of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan;
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (K.N.); (B.S.); (Z.G.); (A.V.V.); (Z.Z.); (Y.T.); (T.N.)
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Tong Y, Kikuhara S, Onodera T, Chen L, Myat AB, Imamichi S, Sasaki Y, Murakami Y, Nozaki T, Fujimori H, Masutani M. Radiosensitization to γ-Ray by Functional Inhibition of APOBEC3G. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5069. [PMID: 35563460 PMCID: PMC9100529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The radiosensitization of tumor cells is one of the promising approaches for enhancing radiation damage to cancer cells and limiting radiation effects on normal tissue. In this study, we performed a comprehensive screening of radiosensitization targets in human lung cancer cell line A549 using an shRNA library and identified apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3G (APOBEC3G: A3G) as a candidate target. APOBEC3G is an innate restriction factor that inhibits HIV-1 infection as a cytidine deaminase. APOBEC3G knockdown with siRNA showed an increased radiosensitivity in several cancer cell lines, including pancreatic cancer MIAPaCa2 cells and lung cancer A549 cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that APOBEC3G knockdown increased S-phase arrest in MIAPaCa2 and G2/M arrest in A549 cells after γ-irradiation. DNA double-strand break marker γH2AX level was increased in APOBEC3G-knocked-down MIAPaCa2 cells after γ-irradiation. Using a xenograft model of A549 in mice, enhanced radiosensitivity by a combination of X-ray irradiation and APOBEC3G knockdown was observed. These results suggest that the functional inhibition of APOBEC3G sensitizes cancer cells to radiation by attenuating the activation of the DNA repair pathway, suggesting that APOBEC3G could be useful as a target for the radiosensitization of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tong
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
| | - Sota Kikuhara
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan;
| | - Takae Onodera
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Lichao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Aung Bhone Myat
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
| | - Shoji Imamichi
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Hirakata, Osaka 573-1144, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Murakami
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan;
| | - Tadashige Nozaki
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Hirakata, Osaka 573-1144, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (Y.T.); (T.O.); (L.C.); (A.B.M.); (S.I.); (Y.S.); (T.N.); (H.F.)
- Lab of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling and Central Radioisotope Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan;
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3
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Oishi T, Sasaki Y, Tong Y, Chen L, Onodera T, Iwasa S, Udo E, Furusato B, Fujimori H, Imamichi S, Honda T, Bessho T, Fukuoka J, Ashizawa K, Yanagihara K, Nakao K, Yamada Y, Hiraoka N, Masutani M. A newly established monoclonal antibody against ERCC1 detects major isoforms of ERCC1 in gastric cancer. Glob Health Med 2021; 3:226-235. [PMID: 34532603 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2021.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Identifying patients resistant to cisplatin treatment is expected to improve cisplatin-based chemotherapy for various types of cancers. Excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1) is involved in several repair processes of cisplatin-induced DNA crosslinks. ERCC1 overexpression is reported as a candidate prognostic factor and considered to cause cisplatin resistance in major solid cancers. However, anti-ERCC1 antibodies capable of evaluating expression levels of ERCC1 in clinical specimens were not fully optimized. A mouse monoclonal antibody against human ERCC1 was generated in this study. The developed antibody 9D11 specifically detected isoforms of 201, 202, 203 but not 204, which lacks the exon 3 coding region. To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of this antibody, we have focused on gastric cancer because it is one of the major cancers in Japan. When ERCC1 expression was analyzed in seventeen kinds of human gastric cancer cell lines, all the cell lines were found to express either 201, 202, and/or 203 as major isoforms of ERCC1, but not 204 by Western blotting analysis. Immunohistochemical staining showed that ERCC1 protein was exclusively detected in nuclei of the cells and a moderate level of constant positivity was observed in nuclei of vascular endothelial cells. It showed a clear staining pattern in clinical specimens of gastric cancers. Antibody 9D11 may thus be useful for estimating expression levels of ERCC1 in clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Oishi
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Lichao Chen
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takae Onodera
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Satoru Iwasa
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emiko Udo
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Cancer Genomics Unit, Clinical Genomics Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Bungo Furusato
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Cancer Genomics Unit, Clinical Genomics Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shoji Imamichi
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Bessho
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Junya Fukuoka
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ashizawa
- Cancer Genomics Unit, Clinical Genomics Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Biomarker Discovery, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Yamada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hiraoka
- Division of Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Molecular and Genomic Biomedicine, Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Laboratory of Collaborative Research, Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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4
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Sasaki Y, Fujimori H, Hozumi M, Onodera T, Nozaki T, Murakami Y, Ashizawa K, Inoue K, Koizumi F, Masutani M. Dysfunction of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase Induces a Synthetic Lethal Effect in Dual Specificity Phosphatase 22-Deficient Lung Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3851-3861. [PMID: 31142510 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the main enzyme responsible for catabolism of poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR), synthesized by PARP. PARG dysfunction sensitizes certain cancer cells to alkylating agents and cisplatin by perturbing the DNA damage response. The gene mutations that sensitize cancer cells to PARG dysfunction-induced death remain to be identified. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of synthetic lethal genes using inducible PARG knockdown cells and identified dual specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) as a novel synthetic lethal gene related to PARG dysfunction. DUSP22 is considered a tumor suppressor and its mutation has been frequently reported in lung, colon, and other tumors. In the absence of DNA damage, dual depletion of PARG and DUSP22 in HeLa and lung cancer A549 cells reduced survival compared with single-knockdown counterparts. Dual depletion of PARG and DUSP22 increased the apoptotic sub-G1 fraction and upregulated PUMA in lung cancer A549, PC14, and SBC5 cells, and inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in A549 cells, suggesting that dual depletion of PARG and DUSP22 induced apoptosis by upregulating PUMA and suppressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Consistently, the growth of tumors derived from double knockdown A549 cells was slower compared with those derived from control siRNA-transfected cells. Taken together, these results indicate that DUSP22 deficiency exerts a synthetic lethal effect when combined with PARG dysfunction, suggesting that DUSP22 dysfunction could be a useful biomarker for cancer therapy using PARG inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identified DUSP22 as a novel synthetic lethal gene under the condition of PARG dysfunction and elucidated the mechanism of synthetic lethality in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Sasaki
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyuki Hozumi
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takae Onodera
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashige Nozaki
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Murakami
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ashizawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kengo Inoue
- Pharma Valley Center, Nagaizumi-cho, Shunto-gun, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Koizumi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Miki S, Imamichi S, Fujimori H, Tomiyama A, Fujimoto K, Satomi K, Matsushita Y, Matsuzaki S, Takahashi M, Ishikawa E, Yamamoto T, Matsumura A, Mukasa A, Nishikawa R, Masutomi K, Narita Y, Masutani M, Ichimura K. Concomitant administration of radiation with eribulin improves the survival of mice harboring intracerebral glioblastoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2275-2285. [PMID: 29758120 PMCID: PMC6029838 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and devastating type of malignant brain tumor. We recently found that eribulin suppresses glioma growth in vitro and in vivo and that eribulin is efficiently transferred into mouse brain tumors at a high concentration. Eribulin is a non‐taxane microtubule inhibitor approved for breast cancer and liposarcoma. Cells arrested in M‐phase by chemotherapeutic agents such as microtubule inhibitors are highly sensitive to radiation‐induced DNA damage. Several recent case reports have demonstrated the clinical benefits of eribulin combined with radiation therapy for metastatic brain tumors. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a combined eribulin and radiation treatment on human glioblastoma cells. The glioblastoma cell lines U87MG, U251MG and U118MG, and SJ28 cells, a patient‐derived sphere culture cell line, were used to determine the radiosensitizing effect of eribulin using western blotting, flow cytometry and clonogenic assay. Subcutaneous and intracerebral glioma xenografts were generated in mice to assess the efficacy of the combined treatment. The combination of eribulin and radiation enhanced DNA damage in vitro. The clonogenic assay of U87MG demonstrated the radiosensitizing effect of eribulin. The concomitant eribulin and radiation treatment significantly prolonged the survival of mice harboring intracerebral glioma xenografts compared with eribulin or radiation alone (P < .0001). In addition, maintenance administration of eribulin after the concomitant treatment further controlled brain tumor growth. Aberrant microvasculature was decreased in these tumors. Concomitant treatment with eribulin and radiation followed by maintenance administration of eribulin may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichiro Miki
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shoji Imamichi
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arata Tomiyama
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujimoto
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kaishi Satomi
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Matsushita
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanae Matsuzaki
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akitake Mukasa
- Department of Neurosurgery Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Kenkichi Masutomi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Narita
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Ichimura
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Sasaki Y, Hozumi M, Fujimori H, Murakami Y, Koizumi F, Inoue K, Masutani M. PARG Inhibitors and Functional PARG Inhibition Models. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2017; 17:641-653. [PMID: 27817742 DOI: 10.2174/1389203717666160419145130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) family proteins catalyze poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) by conjugating ADP-ribose residues repeatedly on amino acid residues using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a substrate. The inhibitors of PARP widely block DNA repair processes and are currently examined in clinical trials of cancer therapy. Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the main nuclear enzyme, which digests poly(ADP-ribose) into ADP-ribose. PARG inhibitor could also be considered as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer, because of its involvement in DNA repair. Various PARG inhibitors with IC50 value of micromolar to submicromolar range have been reported. However, for most of these chemicals, the specificity of inhibition has not been fully evaluated. PARG functional inhibition models in various organisms have been developed. Here, inducible PARG knockdown system was developed in HeLa cells and the cell line will be useful for identifying the synthetic lethal genes or affecting genes for PARG inhibitor treatment and also for functional elucidation of PARP superfamily molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biochemical Sciences, 1- 7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan.
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Wang J, Ding Q, Fujimori H, Motegi A, Miki Y, Masutani M. Loss of CtIP disturbs homologous recombination repair and sensitizes breast cancer cells to PARP inhibitors. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7701-14. [PMID: 26713604 PMCID: PMC4884948 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and therefore, new and improved approaches for the treatment of breast cancer are desperately needed. CtIP (RBBP8) is a multifunctional protein that is involved in various cellular functions, including transcription, DNA replication, DNA repair and the G1 and G2 cell cycle checkpoints. CtIP plays an important role in homologous recombination repair by interacting with tumor suppressor protein BRCA1. Here, we analyzed the expression profile of CtIP by data mining using published microarray data sets. We found that CtIP expression is frequently decreased in breast cancer patients, and the patient group with low-expressing CtIP mRNA is associated with a significantly lower survival rate. The knockdown of CtIP in breast cancer MCF7 cells reduced Rad51 foci numbers and enhanced f H2AX foci formation after f-irradiation, suggesting that deficiency of CtIP decreases homologous recombination repair and delays DNA double strand break repair. To explore the effect of CtIP on PARP inhibitor therapy for breast cancer, CtIP-depleted MCF7 cells were treated with PARP inhibitor olaparib (AZD2281) or veliparib (ABT-888). As in BRCA mutated cells, PARP inhibitors showed cytotoxicity to CtIP-depleted cells by preventing cells from repairing DNA damage, leading to decreased cell viability. Further, a xenograft tumor model in mice with MCF7 cells demonstrated significantly increased sensitivity towards PARP inhibition under CtIP deficiency. In summary, this study shows that low level of CtIP expression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, and provides a rationale for establishing CtIP expression as a biomarker of PARP inhibitor response, and consequently offers novel therapeutic options for a significant subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Wang
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Division of Medical Genomics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Qianshan Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Akira Motegi
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Division of Medical Genomics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.,Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
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8
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Hirai T, Saito S, Fujimori H, Matsushita K, Nishio T, Okayasu R, Masutani M. Radiosensitization by PARP inhibition to proton beam irradiation in cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:234-240. [PMID: 27425251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 regulates DNA damage responses and promotes base excision repair. PARP inhibitors have been shown to enhance the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation in various cancer cells and animal models. We have demonstrated that the PARP inhibitor (PARPi) AZD2281 is also an effective radiosensitizer for carbon-ion radiation; thus, we speculated that the PARPi could be applied to a wide therapeutic range of linear energy transfer (LET) radiation as a radiosensitizer. Institutes for biological experiments using proton beam are limited worldwide. This study was performed as a cooperative research at heavy ion medical accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) in National Institute of Radiological Sciences. HIMAC can generate various ion beams; this enabled us to compare the radiosensitization effect of the PARPi on cells subjected to proton and carbon-ion beams from the same beam line. After physical optimization of proton beam irradiation, the radiosensitization effect of the PARPi was assessed in the human lung cancer cell line, A549, and the pancreatic cancer cell line, MIA PaCa-2. The effect of the PARPi, AZD2281, on radiosensitization to Bragg peak was more significant than that to entrance region. The PARPi increased the number of phosphorylated H2AX (γ-H2AX) foci and enhanced G2/M arrest after proton beam irradiation. This result supports our hypothesis that a PARPi could be applied to a wide therapeutic range of LET radiation by blocking the DNA repair response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Hirai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Saito
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Matsushita
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Teiji Nishio
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Okayasu
- International Open Laboratory, National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
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9
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Shimoyama T, Sawada T, Akimoto M, Sasaki Y, Fujimori H, Ishikawa Y, Okawara T, Irie T, Takamura T, Matsuno K, Inoue K, Masutani M, Koizumi F. Abstract 4808: Identification of a novel compound, MO2455, that induces poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) accumulation and inhibits the growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) chain (PAR) formed by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is catabolized mainly by poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). PARG is emerging as a therapeutic target for cancer, because its inhibition leads to cell death in some kinds of cancer cell lines.
In order to obtain small molecules that effectively inhibit PARG protein, an in-house collection of ∼10,000 small molecules were screened for their ability to accumulate the PAR in A549 cells at 5 μM. We identified ∼100 hit compounds. Among them, MO2282 and MO2455 induced the most significant accumulation of PAR. MO2455 is an analogue of MO2282 with improved water-solubility. MO2282 and MO2455 were evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit the catalytic activity of PARG. MO2282 and MO2455 showed modest inhibition activities against recombinant rat PARG. They also inhibited the growth of various kinds of cancel cell lines in vitro at an IC50 value of 0.05 - 3.0 μM and showed different spectrum of antitumor activity from conventional anticancer drugs, CDDP, ADM, PTX, and CPT-11. Next, we investigated the growth-inhibitory effect of MO2455 on A549 cells in a xenotransplanted model. A significant anti-tumor activity was observed in mice when treated with MO2455 at doses of 25 mg/kg every two days. Although treatment-related body weight loss was observed in mice treated with MO2455, body weight recovered by day 8.
In conclusion, the present data suggest that MO2455 has potential as a cancer drug with different mechanisms of action from conventional anti-cancer drugs.
Citation Format: Tatsu Shimoyama, Takeshi Sawada, Mari Akimoto, Yuka Sasaki, Hiroaki Fujimori, Yoshinobu Ishikawa, Tadashi Okawara, Tetsumi Irie, Takeji Takamura, Kenji Matsuno, Kengo Inoue, Mitsuko Masutani, Fumiaki Koizumi. Identification of a novel compound, MO2455, that induces poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) accumulation and inhibits the growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsu Shimoyama
- 1Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sawada
- 1Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Akimoto
- 1Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- 2National Cancer Center Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fumiaki Koizumi
- 1Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Fujimori H, Sato A, Kikuhara S, Wang J, Hirai T, Sasaki Y, Murakami Y, Okayasu R, Masutani M. A comprehensive analysis of radiosensitization targets; functional inhibition of DNA methyltransferase 3B radiosensitizes by disrupting DNA damage regulation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18231. [PMID: 26667181 PMCID: PMC4678329 DOI: 10.1038/srep18231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive genome-wide screen of radiosensitization targets in HeLa cells was performed using a shRNA-library/functional cluster analysis and DNMT3B was identified as a candidate target. DNMT3B RNAi increased the sensitivity of HeLa, A549 and HCT116 cells to both γ-irradiation and carbon-ion beam irradiation. DNMT3B RNAi reduced the activation of DNA damage responses induced by γ-irradiation, including HP1β-, γH2AX- and Rad51-foci formation. DNMT3B RNAi impaired damage-dependent H2AX accumulation and showed a reduced level of γH2AX induction after γ-irradiation. DNMT3B interacted with HP1β in non-irradiated conditions, whereas irradiation abrogated the DNMT3B/HP1β complex but induced interaction between DNMT3B and H2AX. Consistent with radiosensitization, TP63, BAX, PUMA and NOXA expression was induced after γ-irradiation in DNMT3B knockdown cells. Together with the observation that H2AX overexpression canceled radiosensitization by DNMT3B RNAi, these results suggest that DNMT3B RNAi induced radiosensitization through impairment of damage-dependent HP1β foci formation and efficient γH2AX-induction mechanisms including H2AX accumulation. Enhanced radiosensitivity by DNMT3B RNAi was also observed in a tumor xenograft model. Taken together, the current study implies that comprehensive screening accompanied by a cluster analysis enabled the identification of radiosensitization targets. Downregulation of DNMT3B, one of the targets identified using this method, radiosensitizes cancer cells by disturbing multiple DNA damage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujimori
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Chemotherapy and Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Sota Kikuhara
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Chemotherapy and Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Junhui Wang
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 103-8501, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hirai
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuka Sasaki
- Division of Chemotherapy and Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Murakami
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Okayasu
- Open Laboratory/Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Division of Chemotherapy and Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
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11
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Sato A, Itoh T, Imamichi S, Kikuhara S, Fujimori H, Hirai T, Saito S, Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Nakamura H, Suzuki M, Murakami Y, Baiseitov D, Berikkhanova K, Zhumadilov Z, Imahori Y, Itami J, Ono K, Masunaga S, Masutani M. Proteomic analysis of cellular response induced by boron neutron capture reaction in human squamous cell carcinoma SAS cells. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 106:213-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Nagoe A, Oguni M, Fujimori H. Low-temperature heat capacities of confined liquid benzene, implying the behavior of ordinary bulk liquids. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:455103. [PMID: 26490197 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/45/455103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Isobaric heat capacities C p of benzene confined in silica MCM-41 mesopores with average diameters equal to and smaller than 2.9 nm were measured by precise adiabatic calorimetry. The confined benzene samples revealed no thermal anomaly due to crystallization/fusion and vitrified at low temperatures. The C p curves displayed a hump and a considerably quick decrease on the low-temperature side of the hump as the pore diameter increased. The enthalpy-relaxation effects observed on intermittent heating showed that the anomaly of the C p hump and quick decrease is not assigned to a glass transition. The bend in the temperature dependence of density reported previously was interpreted as corresponding to the quick decrease in C p . We concluded that the anomalous C p and density behaviors originated from the ordering/excitation in the configurational state, close to the ground state, of confined molecular aggregate and proposed a scenario that explains the general C p curves of ordinary bulk supercooled liquids in equilibrium at low temperatures below the glass-transition temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagoe
- Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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13
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Nozaki T, Fujimori H, Wang J, Suzuki H, Imai H, Watanabe M, Ohura K, Masutani M. Parp-1 deficiency in ES cells promotes invasive and metastatic lesions accompanying induction of trophoblast giant cells during tumorigenesis in uterine environment. Pathol Int 2014; 63:408-14. [PMID: 23957916 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells deficient in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (Parp-1) develop into teratocarcinomas with the appearance of trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) when injected subcutaneously into nude mice. Because the uterus is one of the original organs in which germ cell tumors develop with induction of trophoblast lineage, here we investigated whether Parp-1 deficiency in ES cells affects teratocarcinoma formation processes by grafting ES cells into the horns of uteri. Teratocarcinomas developed from both wild-type (Parp-1(+/+) ) and Parp-1(-/-) ES cells. The weights of the tumors derived from Parp-1(-/-) ES cells were lower than those of the tumors derived from Parp-1(+/+) ES cells (P < 0.05). The Parp-1(-/-) tumors showed the appearance of TGCs. Notably, organ metastasis to the lung and liver was observed for the Parp-1(-/-) tumors, but not for the Parp-1(+/+) tumors (P < 0.05). Invasions were more frequently observed with the Parp-1(-/-) tumors compared with the Parp-1(+/+) tumors (P < 0.05). Since TGCs are known to have invasive properties, the appearance of TGCs may have supported the metastatic process. The present findings suggest that loss of Parp-1 during teratocarcinoma formation might augment invasive and metastatic properties of the tumors in the uterine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashige Nozaki
- Division of Biochemistry, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Okajima Y, Yoshida T, Fujimori H, Wang J, Harada H, Suzuki Y, Suzuki H, Masutani M. Rapid degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) after injection into the mouse bloodstream. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:462-6. [PMID: 23449331 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Extensive DNA damage leads to the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and subsequently to the formation of poly(ADP-ribose). When the damage is severe or leads to cell death, poly(ADP-ribose) may leak into the blood circulation. The metabolism of poly(ADP-ribose) in the bloodstream is not well understood. Thus, in the present study, the metabolism of P-labeled poly(ADP-ribose) was followed in mice after injection of this labeled compound into the tail vein. The results showed that 5 min after injection more than half of the radioactivity was concentrated in acid-soluble fractions, namely in low molecular weight compounds in the blood, liver, and kidneys. Most of this radioactivity was in the form of inorganic phosphate, detected 5 min post-injection in the blood, kidneys, and urine. By contrast, the metabolites ADP-ribose and phosphoribosyl-AMP were not detected in any of the tissues nor in blood or urine. Taken together, these findings suggest that once poly(ADP-ribose) enters the bloodstream it is rapidly degraded, thereby preventing its accumulation in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Okajima
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5–1–1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104–0045, Japan
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15
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Shirai H, Poetsch AR, Gunji A, Maeda D, Fujimori H, Fujihara H, Yoshida T, Ogino H, Masutani M. PARG dysfunction enhances DNA double strand break formation in S-phase after alkylation DNA damage and augments different cell death pathways. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e656. [PMID: 23744356 PMCID: PMC3698538 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the primary enzyme responsible for the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose). PARG dysfunction sensitizes cells to alkylating agents and induces cell death; however, the details of this effect have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which PARG deficiency leads to cell death in different cell types using methylmethanesulfonate (MMS), an alkylating agent, and Parg−/− mouse ES cells and human cancer cell lines. Parg−/− mouse ES cells showed increased levels of γ-H2AX, a marker of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose), p53 network activation, and S-phase arrest. Early apoptosis was enhanced in Parg−/− mouse ES cells. Parg−/− ES cells predominantly underwent caspase-dependent apoptosis. PARG was then knocked down in a p53-defective cell line, MIAPaCa2 cells, a human pancreatic cancer cell line. MIAPaCa2 cells were sensitized to MMS by PARG knockdown. Enhanced necrotic cell death was induced in MIAPaCa2 cells after augmenting γ-H2AX levels and S-phase arrest. Taken together, these data suggest that DSB repair defect causing S-phase arrest, but p53 status was not important for sensitization to alkylation DNA damage by PARG dysfunction, whereas the cell death pathway is dependent on the cell type. This study demonstrates that functional inhibition of PARG may be useful for sensitizing at least particular cancer cells to alkylating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shirai
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Fujimori H, Mukai H, Murakami Y, Hemberger M, Hippo Y, Masutani M. The H19 induction triggers trophoblast lineage commitment in mouse ES cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 436:313-8. [PMID: 23743205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast lineage differentiation is properly regulated to support embryogenesis. Besides normal developmental process, during germ cell tumor formation or development of other reproductive system diseases, unregulated trophoblast differentiation is also observed and affects the pathogenesis of the diseases. During normal embryogenesis, cell fate of late-stage blastcyst is regulated by a reciprocal repression of the key transcriptional factors; Oct3/4 dominancy inhibits Cdx2 expression in inner cell mass (ICM) and leads them to epiblast/primitive ectoderm but Cdx2 dominancy in trophectoderm (TE) leads them to trophoblast lineage. In contrast during early blastcyst stage, the Cdx2 expression is restricted in TE and not present in ICM, although Oct3/4 signaling does not inhibit the Cdx2 expression in ICM, implying that some factors could be inactivated leading to the suppressed Cdx2 expression in ICM of early blastcyst. ES cells (ESCs), which are derived from ICM, could be a unique model to study trophoblast differentiation in an ectopic context. We previously showed that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (Parp-1) deficient ESCs highly expressed non-coding RNA H19 and could differentiate into trophoblast lineage. The expression of H19 is known to start at pre-blastcyst stage during mouse development, and the gene shows high expression only in trophoectoderm (TE) at blastcyst stage. However, its role in trophoblast differentiation has not been clarified yet. Thus, we hypothesized that the H19 activation may act as a trigger for induction of trophoblast differentiation cascade in mouse ESCs. To investigate this issue, we asked whether a forced H19 expression drives ESCs into trophoblast lineage or not. We demonstrated that the H19 induction leads to trophoblast lineage commitment through induction of the Cdx2 expression. We also showed that the expression of Cdx2 is induced in ESCs by forced H19 expression even under a high level of Oct3/4, which could act as a suppressor for Cdx2 expression. It is thus suggested that the H19 induction promotes trophoblast lineage commitment against the repression pressure by Oct3/4 in differentiating ESCs. Taken together, this study suggests that the H19 expression is able to function as a cascade activator of trophoblast lineage commitment possibly by overriding the Oct3/4 action in ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujimori
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Abstract
Cancer develops through diverse genetic, epigenetic and other changes, so-called 'multi-step carcinogenesis', and each cancer harbors different alterations and properties. Here in this article we review how poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is involved in multi-step and diverse pathways of carcinogenesis. Involvement of poly- and mono-ADP-ribosylation in carcinogenesis has been studied at molecular and cellular levels, and further by animal models and human genetic approaches. PolyADP-ribosylation acts in DNA damage repair response and maintenance mechanisms of genomic stability. Several DNA repair pathways, including base-excision repair and double strand break repair pathways, involve PARP and PARG functions. These care-taker functions of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation suggest that polyADP-ribosyation may mainly act in a tumor suppressive manner because genomic instability caused by defective DNA repair response could serve as a driving force for tumor progression, leading to invasion, metastasis and relapse of cancer. On the other hand, the new concept of 'synthetic lethality by PARP inhibition' suggests the significance of PARP activities for survival of cancer cells that harbor defects in DNA repair. Accumulating evidence has revealed that some PARP family molecules are involved in various signaling cascades other than DNA repair, including epigenetic and transcriptional regulations, inflammation/immune response and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, suggesting that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation both promotes and suppresses carcinogenic processes depending on the conditions. Expanding understanding of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation suggests that strategies to achieve cancer prevention targeting poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation for genome protection against life-long exposure to environmental carcinogens and endogenous carcinogenic stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuko Masutani
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.
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Shirai H, Fujimori H, Gunji A, Maeda D, Hirai T, Poetsch AR, Harada H, Yoshida T, Sasai K, Okayasu R, Masutani M. Parg deficiency confers radio-sensitization through enhanced cell death in mouse ES cells exposed to various forms of ionizing radiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:100-6. [PMID: 23624507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (Parg) is the main enzyme involved in poly(ADP-ribose) degradation. Here, the effects of Parg deficiency on sensitivity to low and high linear-energy-transfer (LET) radiation were investigated in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Mouse Parg(-/-) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 deficient (Parp-1(-/-)) ES cells were used and responses to low and high LET radiation were assessed by clonogenic survival and biochemical and biological analysis methods. Parg(-/-) cells were more sensitive to γ-irradiation than Parp-1(-/-) cells. Transient accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) was enhanced in Parg(-/-) cells. Augmented levels of phosphorylated H2AX (γ-H2AX) from early phase were observed in Parg(-/-) ES cells. The induction level of p53 phophorylation at ser18 was similar in wild-type and Parp-1(-/-) cells and apoptotic cell death process was mainly observed in the both genotypes. These results suggested that the enhanced sensitivity of Parg(-/-) ES cells to γ-irradiation involved defective repair of DNA double strand breaks. The effects of Parg and Parp-1 deficiency on the ES cell response to carbon-ion irradiation (LET13 and 70 keV/μm) and Fe-ion irradiation (200 keV/μm) were also examined. Parg(-/-) cells were more sensitive to LET 70 keV/μm carbon-ion irradiation than Parp-1(-/-) cells. Enhanced apoptotic cell death also accompanied augmented levels of γ-H2AX in a biphasic manner peaked at 1 and 24h. The induction level of p53 phophorylation at ser18 was not different between wild-type and Parg(-/-) cells. The augmented level of poly(ADP-ribose) accumulation was noted after carbon-ion irradiation compared to γ-irradiation even in the wild-type cells. An enhanced poly(ADP-ribose) accumulation was further observed in Parg(-/-) cells. Both Parg(-/-) cells and Parp-1(-/-) cells did not show sensitization to Fe-ion irradiation. Parg deficiency sensitizes mouse ES cells to a wide therapeutic range of LET radiation through the effects on DNA double strand break repair responses and enhanced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Shirai
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Atsumi Y, Inase A, Osawa T, Sugihara E, Sakasai R, Fujimori H, Teraoka H, Saya H, Kanno M, Tashiro F, Nakagama H, Masutani M, Yoshioka KI. The Arf/p53 protein module, which induces apoptosis, down-regulates histone H2AX to allow normal cells to survive in the presence of anti-cancer drugs. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:13269-77. [PMID: 23536184 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.402560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear how DNA-damaging agents target cancer cells over normal somatic cells. RESULTS Arf/p53-dependent down-regulation of H2AX enables normal cells to survive after DNA damage. CONCLUSION Transformed cells, which harbor mutations in either Arf or p53, are more sensitive to DNA-damaging agents. SIGNIFICANCE Cellular transformation renders cells more susceptible to some DNA-damaging agents. Anti-cancer drugs generally target cancer cells rather than normal somatic cells. However, the factors that determine this differential sensitivity are poorly understood. Here we show that Arf/p53-dependent down-regulation of H2AX induced the selective survival of normal cells after drug treatment, resulting in the preferential targeting of cancer cells. Treatment with camptothecin, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, caused normal cells to down-regulate H2AX and become quiescent, a process mediated by both Arf and p53. In contrast, transformed cells that harbor mutations in either Arf or p53 do not down-regulate H2AX and are more sensitive to drugs unless they have developed drug resistance. Such transformation-associated changes in H2AX expression rendered cancer cells more susceptible to drug-induced damage (by two orders of magnitude). Thus, the expression of H2AX and γH2AX (phosphorylated form of H2AX at Ser-139) is a critical factor that determines drug sensitivity and should be considered when administering chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Atsumi
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Fujimori H, Shikanai M, Teraoka H, Masutani M, Yoshioka KI. Induction of cancerous stem cells during embryonic stem cell differentiation. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:36777-91. [PMID: 22961983 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.372557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell maintenance depends on their surrounding microenvironment, and aberrancies in the environment have been associated with tumorigenesis. However, it remains to be elucidated whether an environmental aberrancy can act as a carcinogenic stress for cellular transformation of differentiating stem cells into cancer stem cells. Here, utilizing mouse embryonic stem cells as a model, it was illustrated that environmental aberrancy during differentiation leads to the emergence of pluripotent cells showing cancerous characteristics. Analogous to precancerous stages, DNA lesions were spontaneously accumulated during embryonic stem cell differentiation under aberrational environments, which activates barrier responses such as senescence and apoptosis. However, overwhelming such barrier responses, piled-up spheres were subsequently induced from the previously senescent cells. The sphere cells exhibit aneuploidy and dysfunction of the Arf-p53 module as well as enhanced tumorigenicity and a strong self-renewal capacity, suggesting development of cancerous stem cells. Our current study suggests that stem cells differentiating in an aberrational environment are at risk of cellular transformation into malignant counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujimori
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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21
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Hirai T, Shirai H, Fujimori H, Okayasu R, Sasai K, Masutani M. Radiosensitization effect of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition in cells exposed to low and high liner energy transfer radiation. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:1045-50. [PMID: 22404155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 promotes base excision repair and DNA strand break repair. Inhibitors of PARP enhance the cytotoxic effects of γ-irradiation and X-irradiation. We investigated the impact of PARP inhibition on the responses to γ-irradiation (low liner energy transfer [LET] radiation) and carbon-ion irradiation (high LET radiation) in the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2. Cell survival was assessed by colony formation assay after combination treatment with the PARP inhibitor AZD2281 and single fraction γ-irradiation and carbon-ion irradiation (13 and 70 keV/μm [LET 13 and LET 70]). The DNA damage response (DDR) was assessed by pulse field gel electrophoresis, western blotting and flow cytometry. Treatment with a PARP inhibitor enhanced the cytotoxic effect of γ-irradiation and LET 13 and LET 70 carbon-ion irradiation. Moreover, the radiosensitization effect was greater for LET 70 than for LET 13 irradiation. Prolonged and increased levels of γ-H2AX were observed both after γ-irradiation and carbon-ion irradiation in the presence of the PARP inhibitor. Enhanced level of phosphorylated-p53 (Ser-15) was observed after γ-irradiation but not after carbon-ion irradiation. PARP inhibitor treatment induced S phase arrest and enhanced subsequent G2/M arrest both after γ-irradiation and carbon-ion irradiation. These results suggest that the induction of S phase arrest through an enhanced DDR and a local delay in DNA double strand break processing by PARP inhibition caused sensitization to γ-irradiation and carbon-ion irradiation. Taken together, PARP inhibitors might be applicable to a wide therapeutic range of LET radiation through their effects on the DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Hirai
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Atsumi Y, Fujimori H, Fukuda H, Inase A, Shinohe K, Yoshioka Y, Shikanai M, Ichijima Y, Unno J, Mizutani S, Tsuchiya N, Hippo Y, Nakagama H, Masutani M, Teraoka H, Yoshioka KI. Onset of quiescence following p53 mediated down-regulation of H2AX in normal cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23432. [PMID: 21858116 PMCID: PMC3155552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal cells, both in vivo and in vitro, become quiescent after serial cell proliferation. During this process, cells can develop immortality with genomic instability, although the mechanisms by which this is regulated are unclear. Here, we show that a growth-arrested cellular status is produced by the down-regulation of histone H2AX in normal cells. Normal mouse embryonic fibroblast cells preserve an H2AX diminished quiescent status through p53 regulation and stable-diploidy maintenance. However, such quiescence is abrogated under continuous growth stimulation, inducing DNA replication stress. Because DNA replication stress-associated lesions are cryptogenic and capable of mediating chromosome-bridge formation and cytokinesis failure, this results in tetraploidization. Arf/p53 module-mutation is induced during tetraploidization with the resulting H2AX recovery and immortality acquisition. Thus, although cellular homeostasis is preserved under quiescence with stable diploidy, tetraploidization induced under growth stimulation disrupts the homeostasis and triggers immortality acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Atsumi
- Division of Genome Stability Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Hono K, Okano R, Takanashi K, Fujimori H, Maeda Y, Sakurai T. Evolution of Nanoscale Ferromagnetic Particles in Co-Cr and Cr-Fe Alloys Observed by Atom Probe Field Ion Microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-384-507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTWith appropriate processing conditions, nanoscale ferromagnetic particles precipitate from nonmagnetic matrix phase in the Co-Cr and Cr-Fe systems. In these heterogeneous alloys, unique magnetic properties are observed. In order to correlate such magnetic properties with the microstructures, we have employed an atom probe field ion microscope (APFIM) and a three dimensional atom probe (3DAP). In the Co-22Cr thin film sputter-deposited at elevated temperatures (~500 K), both APFIM and 3DAP data convincingly showed that the film was composed of lamellae-like ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases of approximately 8 nm in thickness. On the other hand, it was shown that the films sputter-deposited at ambient temperature was composed of s-Co single phase without significant compositional heterogeneity. Based on these observations, we conclude that phase separation progresses during the growth of the film on a heated substrate. In the Cr-Fe alloy, large negative MR was observed in the as-quenched alloy at liquid helium temperature. However, the MR behavior changes as the phase decomposition progresses by annealing. The change in the MR behavior observed in this alloy with various heat treatment conditions will be discussed based on the microstructural characterization results by APFIM and 3DAP.
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Yamamoto Y, Ibusuki M, Fujimori H, Ota K, Ando Y, Iwase H. Midkine in the plasma as a novel breast cancer marker. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Kawasaki H, Yamamoto H, Fujimori H, Arakawa R, Iwasaki Y, Inada M. Stability of the DMF-protected Au nanoclusters: photochemical, dispersion, and thermal properties. Langmuir 2010; 26:5926-5933. [PMID: 20000635 DOI: 10.1021/la9038842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have reported the synthesis of dimethylformamide (DMF)-protected gold nanoclusters using a surfactant-free DMF reduction method. DMF-protected gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) are obtained without the formation of gold nanoparticles and bulk metals as byproducts using a hot injection process for the homogeneous reduction. The as-prepared DMF-protected Au NCs were a mixture of various-sized Au NCs with a cluster number of less than 20 including at least Au(8) and Au(13). The photoluminescence emission from Au(8) and Au(13) was confirmed in the photoluminescence spectra. The Au NCs are stabilized with DMF molecules through the interaction of amide groups of DMF with Au NCs. DMF-protected Au NCs in solution were found to have high thermal stability, high dispersion stability in various solvents, and high photochemical stability. The DMF-protected Au NCs dispersed well for at least a month in various solvents such as water, acid (pH 2), alkali (pH 12) and 0.5 M NaCl aqueous solution, and methanol without further surface modification. The thermal stability of DMF-protected Au NCs was approximately 150 degrees C, which was comparable to that of thiolate-protected Au NCs. The photobleaching of Au NCs in water gradually occurred under UV light irradiation (356 nm, 1.3 mW/cm(2)) because of the photoinduced oxidation of Au NCs. After 8 h irradiation, the fluorescence intensity slowly decreased to approximately 50% of the maximum and to approximately 20% after 96 h under the present condition, compared to the photobleaching of CdSe semiconductor quantum dots. We also found that the fluorescence intensity remained to be about 30% of the maximum even in the presence of concentrated 30% H(2)O(2). These findings demonstrate that the photobleaching process under the UV irradiation is effectively suppressed for DMF-protected Au NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideya Kawasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita-shi, Osaka 564-8680, Japan.
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26
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Ichijima Y, Yoshioka KI, Yoshioka Y, Shinohe K, Fujimori H, Unno J, Takagi M, Goto H, Inagaki M, Mizutani S, Teraoka H. DNA lesions induced by replication stress trigger mitotic aberration and tetraploidy development. PLoS One 2010; 5:e8821. [PMID: 20098673 PMCID: PMC2809090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During tumorigenesis, cells acquire immortality in association with the
development of genomic instability. However, it is still elusive how genomic
instability spontaneously generates during the process of tumorigenesis. Here,
we show that precancerous DNA lesions induced by oncogene acceleration, which
induce situations identical to the initial stages of cancer development, trigger
tetraploidy/aneuploidy generation in association with mitotic aberration.
Although oncogene acceleration primarily induces DNA replication stress and the
resulting lesions in the S phase, these lesions are carried over into the M
phase and cause cytokinesis failure and genomic instability. Unlike directly
induced DNA double-strand breaks, DNA replication stress-associated lesions are
cryptogenic and pass through cell-cycle checkpoints due to limited and
ineffective activation of checkpoint factors. Furthermore, since damaged M-phase
cells still progress in mitotic steps, these cells result in chromosomal
mis-segregation, cytokinesis failure and the resulting tetraploidy generation.
Thus, our results reveal a process of genomic instability generation triggered
by precancerous DNA replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ichijima
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yoshioka
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Biochemistry Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo,
Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yoshiko Yoshioka
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Shinohe
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Fujimori
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Biochemistry Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo,
Japan
| | - Junya Unno
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and
Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and
Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Goto
- Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya,
Japan
| | - Masaki Inagaki
- Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya,
Japan
| | - Shuki Mizutani
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and
Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirobumi Teraoka
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute,
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Ota T, Ota K, Jono H, Fujimori H, Ueda M, Shinriki S, Kudo M, Sueyoshi T, Ando Y, Shinohara M. Midkine expression in salivary gland tumours. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2009.03.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Oda M, Matsumoto I, Tamura M, Fujimori H, Shimizu Y, Matsunoki A, Ishikawa N, Ohtake H, Watanabe G. [Video-assisted thoracic surgery for clinical stage I lung cancer]. Kyobu Geka 2009; 62:281-284. [PMID: 19348211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated our results of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) performed for lung cancer over 8 years. Between April 2000 and October 2008, a total of 409 (60.9%) underwent VATS for lung cancer. Operative procedures as a radical operation were partial resection in 58 patients, segmentectomy in 64 patients, and lobectomy in 229 patients. There was 1 patient with operative death including hospital death due to pulmonary thromboembolism. In a median follow-up period of 21 months, the 5-year cause specific survival rate was 93.7%. According to operative procedures, the 5-year survival rate was 100% in patients underwent partial resection and segmentectomy, and 91.1% in patients underwent lobectomy. According to pathological stages, the 5-year survival rate was 98.8% in 289 patients with stage IA, 69.1% in 34 patients with stage IB, and 68.2% in 14 patients with stage IIIA. In conclusion, VATS lobectomy and VATS intentional limited resection can be performed with low mortality and good prognosis for clinical stage IA lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Oda
- Department of General and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
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29
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Fujimori H, Hisama M, Shibayama H, Iwaki M. Protecting Effect of Phytoncide Solution, on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts against Reactive Oxygen Species. J Oleo Sci 2009; 58:429-36. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.58.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Fujimori H, Asahina K, Shimizu-Saito K, Ikeda R, Tanaka Y, Teramoto K, Morita I, Teraoka H. Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes proliferation and function of hepatocyte-like cells in embryoid bodies formed from mouse embryonic stem cells. J Hepatol 2008; 48:962-73. [PMID: 18384904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2008.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Revised: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Embryoid bodies (EBs) formed from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs), and are thus thought to be a useful cell source for drug testing and bioartificial liver. The aim of this study was to induce proliferation and function of ESC-derived HLCs in EBs using HLC-endothelial cell interaction. METHODS EBs were cultured in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and/or VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors. To reproduce HLC-endothelial cell interaction, we overexpressed VEGF in ESC-derived HLCs under the control of Cyp7a1 gene in EBs. RESULTS VEGF added to the cultured EBs increased the proliferation of ESC-derived endothelial cells, resulting in the promotion of proliferation and function of ESC-derived HLCs. In EBs, the VEGFR2 inhibitor suppressed expression of albumin and endothelial cell marker genes, whereas the inhibitor for both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 suppressed expression of Cyp7a1 and hepatocyte growth factor (Hgf) genes. Upon exposure to VEGF, the endothelial cells in EBs increased Hgf mRNA expression. Forced VEGF expression in ESC-derived HLCs in EBs induced angiogenesis around the HLCs and resulted in an increase in the amount of HLCs. CONCLUSIONS VEGF indirectly induces the proliferation and function of ESC-derived HLCs through VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 signaling in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujimori
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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31
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Okamura K, Asahina K, Fujimori H, Ozeki R, Shimizu-Saito K, Tanaka Y, Teramoto K, Arii S, Takase K, Kataoka M, Soeno Y, Tateno C, Yoshizato K, Teraoka H. Generation of hybrid hepatocytes by cell fusion from monkey embryoid body cells in the injured mouse liver. Histochem Cell Biol 2005; 125:247-57. [PMID: 16195892 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-005-0065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2005] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Monkey embryonic stem (ES) cells have characteristics that are similar to human ES cells, and might be useful as a substitute model for preclinical research. When embryoid bodies (EBs) formed from monkey ES cells were cultured, expression of many hepatocyte-related genes including cytochrome P450 (Cyp) 3a and Cyp7a1 was observed. Hepatocytes were immunocytochemically observed using antibodies against albumin (ALB), cytokeratin-8/18, and alpha1-antitrypsin in the developing EBs. The in vitro differentiation potential of monkey ES cells into the hepatic lineage prompted us to examine the transplantability of monkey EB cells. As an initial approach to assess the repopulation potential, we transplanted EB cells into immunodeficient urokinase-type plasminogen activator transgenic mice that undergo liver failure. After transplantation, the hepatocyte colonies expressing monkey ALB were observed in the mouse liver. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization revealed that the repopulating hepatocytes arise from cell fusion between transplanted monkey EB cells and recipient mouse hepatocytes. In contrast, neither cell fusion nor repopulation of hepatocytes was observed in the recipient liver after undifferentiated ES cell transplantation. These results indicate that the differentiated cells in developing monkey EBs, but not contaminating ES cells, generate functional hepatocytes by cell fusion with recipient mouse hepatocytes, and repopulate injured mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Okamura
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Asahina K, Fujimori H, Shimizu-Saito K, Kumashiro Y, Okamura K, Tanaka Y, Teramoto K, Arii S, Teraoka H. Expression of the liver-specific gene Cyp7a1 reveals hepatic differentiation in embryoid bodies derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. Genes Cells 2005; 9:1297-308. [PMID: 15569160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2004.00809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic differentiation from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells via the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs) has been revealed by the expression of hepatocyte-related genes such as alpha-fetoprotein and albumin. It is known, however, that the visceral endoderm differentiates in early EBs and expresses these hepatocyte-related genes. Thus, it remains unclear whether ES cells are capable of differentiating into hepatocytes derived from definitive endoderm in vitro. In the present study, yolk sac tissues isolated from the foetal mouse were found to express many hepatocyte-related genes. Among the hepatocyte-related genes examined, cytochrome P450 7A1 (Cyp7a1) was identified as a liver-specific gene that was not expressed in the yolk sac. Cyp7a1 was induced in developing EBs, and hepatic differentiation was preferentially observed in the developing EBs in attached culture as compared to those in suspension culture. Leukaemia inhibitory factor permitted the differentiation of visceral endoderm, but inhibited the expression of gastrulation-related genes and the hepatic differentiation in cultured EBs. ES cells expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the Cyp7a1 enhancer/promoter showed that cultured EBs contained GFP-positive epithelial-like cells. These results demonstrate that ES cells can differentiate in vitro into hepatocytes derived from definitive endoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinji Asahina
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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33
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Komoto S, Miura S, Koseki S, Goto M, Hachimura S, Fujimori H, Hokari R, Hara Y, Ogino T, Watanabe C, Nagata H, Kaminogawa S, Hibi T, Ishii H. Effect of specific antigen stimulation on intraepithelial lymphocyte migration to small intestinal mucosa. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 140:249-57. [PMID: 15807848 PMCID: PMC1809352 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) into intestinal epithelium is not yet well understood. We established an IEL-cell line from ovalbumin (OVA) 23-3 transgenic (Tg) mice and investigated the effect of antigen stimulation on the dynamic process of IEL migration into small intestinal mucosa. The cell line was a T cell receptor (TCR) alphabeta(+) CD4(+) CD8(-) phenotype, expressing alphaEbeta7 integrin in 90% of cells. Under intravital microscopy, the lined IELs adhered selectively to the microvessels of the intestinal villus tip of the Tg mice. The accumulation of IELs was significantly inhibited by an antibody against beta7-integrin and MAdCAM-1. When IELs were stimulated with OVA, the accumulation was attenuated compared to that of resting cells, with decreased expression of alphaEbeta7 integrin. In Tg mice fed with OVA, the number of IELs which migrated in the villus mucosa was significantly smaller than in the non-fed controls. The preferential migratory capacity of IELs to villus mucosa may be altered by specific antigen stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Komoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Hokari R, Miura S, Nagata H, Fujimori H, Koseki S, Kato S, Kurose I, Sekizuka E, Granger DN, Ishii H. Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 regulates lymphocyte movement into intestinal microlymphatics of rat Peyer's patches. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 70:896-902. [PMID: 11739552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether specific adhesion molecules modulate lymphocyte movement from Peyer's patches into intestinal microlymphatics. The fluorochrome acridine orange was injected via a micropipette into Peyer's patches to fill lymphatics. The flux of labeled lymphocytes into intestinal microlymphatics was monitored with intravital fluorescence microscopy. The lymphatic microvessels in the perifollicular area of Peyer's patches were filled with lymphocytes, most of which remained within the lymphatics. Some lymphocytes became detached and were drained into intestinal lymph. Administration of antibodies directed against ICAM-1 significantly increased lymphocyte flux into interfollicular lymphatics. The immunohistochemical study showed intense ICAM-1 expression on the lymphocytes densely packed in the lymphatics surrounding follicles in Peyer's patches. A large number of lymphocytes are normally sequestered in the lymphatic network of Peyer's patches. This sequestration of lymphocytes is largely mediated by ICAM-1-dependent cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hokari
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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Fujimori H, Ohnishi M, Sakoda M, Matsuno R, Hiromi K. Allosteric behavior irrespective of conformational change of enzyme protein. Sigmoidal concentration dependence of rate of action of saccharifying α-amylase on maltose. FEBS Lett 2001; 72:283-6. [PMID: 16386041 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)80987-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Fujimori
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan
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Koseki S, Miura S, Fujimori H, Hokari R, Komoto S, Hara Y, Ogino T, Nagata H, Goto M, Hachimura S, Kaminogawa S, Ishii H. In situ demonstration of intraepithelial lymphocyte adhesion to villus microvessels of the small intestine. Int Immunol 2001; 13:1165-74. [PMID: 11526097 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/13.9.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The recirculation of lymphocytes through the intestinal mucosa is important for specific immune defense, but the origin and differentiation of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) are not fully understood. The present study therefore used intravital microscopy to investigate the migration of IEL to the villus mucosa and Peyer's patches of the small intestine. IEL were separated from inverted murine small intestine and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells were also isolated. The adhesion of fluorescence-labeled lymphocytes to postcapillary venules (PCV) of Peyer's patches and arcade microvessels of small intestinal villi was observed after injection. In some experiments, the effect of antibodies against adhesion molecules on cell kinetics were investigated. IEL time-dependently accumulated in villus microvessels of the small intestine, whereas few MLN cells did. Few IEL adhered to the PCV of Peyer's patches. IEL were shown to express alpha(E)beta(7)-integrin but not L-selectin. The accumulation of IEL in villus archade was significantly inhibited by antibody against beta(7)-integrin or mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecules (MAdCAM)-1, but not by alpha(E)-integrin. The combined blocking of beta(7)-integrin and MAdCAM-1 further attenuated the sticking of IEL in this area, although it did not entirely block the IEL adherence. The adherence of CD4(+) or TCRalphabeta IEL to villus microvessels was significantly greater than that of CD4(-) or TCRgammadelta IEL. It was demonstrated in situ for the first time that IEL adhered selectively to the villus microvessels of the small intestine partly via beta(7) and MAdCAM-1.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD
- CD4 Antigens
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Movement
- Female
- Immunoglobulins
- Integrin alpha Chains
- Integrin beta Chains
- Integrins
- Intestinal Mucosa/cytology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestine, Small/blood supply
- Intestine, Small/cytology
- Intestine, Small/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Lymphocyte Subsets/cytology
- Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Lymphocytes/cytology
- Lymphocytes/immunology
- Male
- Mesentery/cytology
- Mesentery/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microcirculation/cytology
- Microcirculation/immunology
- Mucoproteins
- Peyer's Patches/blood supply
- Peyer's Patches/cytology
- Peyer's Patches/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta
- Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koseki
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Fujimori H, Miura S, Koseki S, Hokari R, Tsuzuki Y, Komoto S, Hara Y, Suzuki H, Serizawa H, Ishii H. Intravital demonstration of modulation of T lymphocyte migration by CINC/gro in rat Peyer's patches. Digestion 2001; 63 Suppl 1:97-102. [PMID: 11173918 DOI: 10.1159/000051919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC/gro), a member of interleukin-8 family, was found as a potent chemotactic factor for rat neutrophils. Although several chemokines have been shown to be potent regulators of T cell chemotaxis in vitro, the potential role of chemokines in T-cell migration in gut-associated lymphoid tissues has not been investigated in vivo. In the present study, the effects of CINC/gro on T-lymphocyte migration were examined in rat Peyer's patches. METHODS T lymphocytes collected from intestinal lymph of rats were fluorescence-labeled and injected into the jugular vein. Peyer's patches of the recipient rats were observed with intravital fluorescence microscopy and the effects of CINC/gro infusion was investigated. Lymphocyte flux in mesenteric collecting lymphatics was also observed. RESULTS In vivo infusion of CINC/gro significantly attenuated the initial lymphocyte interaction with postcapillary venules of Peyer's patches. However, once these lymphocytes adhered to venules, CINC/gro treatment significantly accelerated the transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes and they also significantly increased their subsequent flux in collecting lymphatics. CONCLUSION There is a possibility that CINC/gro could modulate the characteristics of T lymphocyte homing in the inflammatory sites of gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fujimori
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Bai H, Mitani S, Wang Z, Fujimori H, Motokawa M. Structures and magnetic properties of Fe-Si-O films RF-sputtered in a high magnetic field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03187257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Tanaka N, Yonekura H, Yamagishi S, Fujimori H, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H. The receptor for advanced glycation end products is induced by the glycation products themselves and tumor necrosis factor-alpha through nuclear factor-kappa B, and by 17beta-estradiol through Sp-1 in human vascular endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:25781-90. [PMID: 10829018 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001235200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of advanced glycation end products (AGE) to the receptor for AGE (RAGE) is known to deteriorate various cell functions and is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications. Here we show that AGE, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) up-regulated RAGE mRNA and protein levels in human microvascular endothelial cells and ECV304 cells, with the mRNA stability being essentially invariant. Transient transfection experiments with human RAGE promoter-luciferase chimeras revealed that the region from nucleotide number -751 to -629 and the region from -239 to -89 in the RAGE 5'-flanking sequence exhibited the AGE/TNF-alpha and E(2) responsiveness, respectively. Site-directed mutation of an nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) site at -671 or of Sp-1 sites at -189 and -172 residing in those regions resulted in an abrogation of the AGE/TNF-alpha- or E(2)-mediated transcriptional activation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that ECV304 cell nuclear extracts contained factors which retarded the NF-kappaB and Sp-1 elements, and that the DNA-protein complexes were supershifted by anti-p65/p50 NF-kappaB and anti-Sp-1/estrogen receptor alpha antibodies, respectively. These results suggest that AGE, TNF-alpha, and E(2) can activate the RAGE gene through NF-kappaB and Sp-1, causing enhanced AGE-RAGE interactions, which would lead to an exacerbation of diabetic microvasculopathy.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Estradiol/metabolism
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism
- Humans
- Microcirculation/metabolism
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Binding
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transcriptional Activation
- Transfection
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tanaka
- Department of Biochemistry and the Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan
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Yakushiji K, Mitani S, Takahashi N, Takanashi K, Fujimori H. Tunneling Magntoresistance of Co-Al-O Granular Wires Produced by Focused Ion Beam. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.3379/jmsjmag.24.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Brain water diffusion in response to transient global ischemia (12 min), reperfusion (60 min), and cardiac arrest was monitored by localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The trace of the apparent diffusion coefficient tensor (ADC(Av)) was determined at high temporal resolution (10 sec) to assess the putative neuroprotective potential of oral creatine (Cr) in rats that received 2.2 g Cr-monohydrate per kg body weight per day for 10 days (n = 8) relative to controls (n = 9). Cr-fed rats revealed a statistically significant increase of the cerebral concentration ratio of Cr to choline-containing compounds (20%). The decrease of the ADC(Av) value during acute ischemia showed a three-phasic behavior in line with energy depletion, cytotoxic edema, and brain cooling. In Cr-fed rats, slightly less severe and mildly delayed diffusion changes during ischemia and similar beneficial trends during early reperfusion did not reach statistical significance. Magn Reson Med 42:798-802, 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wick
- Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am, Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
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Hokari R, Miura S, Fujimori H, Koseki S, Tsuzuki Y, Kimura H, Higuchi H, Serizawa H, Granger DN, Ishii H. Altered migration of gut-derived T lymphocytes after activation with concanavalin A. Am J Physiol 1999; 277:G763-72. [PMID: 10516142 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.4.g763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Although activation of lymphocytes is known to be associated with profound changes in homing behavior, it remains unclear how activation alters migration of gut-derived lymphocytes in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. The objectives of this study were 1) to compare migration of naive and concanavalin A (ConA)-activated T lymphocytes into the gut mucosa, spleen, and liver and 2) to define the role of specific adhesion molecules in this homing process. Fluorescently labeled T lymphocytes collected from rat intestinal lymph were injected into the jugular vein, and the kinetics of appearance of the infused lymphocytes were monitored in ileal Peyer's patches, spleen, and liver. The migration of naive and ConA-activated T lymphocytes into microvessels were compared using an intravital microscope. ConA stimulation significantly increased the rolling velocity of T lymphocytes in postcapillary venules of Peyer's patches, and ConA-stimulated lymphocytes exhibited a loss of the selective adherence properties in Peyer's patches that is normally observed with naive T cells. ConA activation also suppressed the accumulation of T cells in the spleen. On the other hand, the adherence of T cells to hepatic sinusoidal endothelium was significantly increased after ConA activation, especially in the periportal area, and this increase was attenuated by an anti-intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 antibody. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a decline in L-selectin expression and an increase in CD11a expression and ICAM-1 on the surface of ConA-treated T cells. In conclusion, activation of gut-derived T lymphocytes with ConA significantly alters their migration path, with a diminished localization to Peyer's patches and spleen and a preferential accumulation in hepatic sinusoids. This altered migration pattern likely results from changes in the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules such as L-selectin and CD11a.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hokari
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Abstract
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was employed to determine the concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total creatine (tCr), choline-containing compounds (Cho), myo-inositol (Ins), glucose (Glc), and lactate (Lac) in rat brain before and after 10 days of oral supplementation of 2.6 g Cr-monohydrate per kg body weight per day. Measurements were performed both in vitro (n = 16) and in vivo (n = 6). The neuroprotective potential of oral Cr was assessed by dynamically monitoring brain Glc and Lac in response to transient global ischemia (12 min). In comparison to controls the in vitro concentrations of Cr (13.1 +/- 9.3%) and Ins (12.7 +/- 14. 0%) were significantly increased in Cr-fed rats. Under in vivo conditions, the data revealed trends for elevated tCr (4.7%) and Ins (10.6%) which were enhanced in the concentration ratios of tCr:Cho (10.2%) and Ins:Cho (17.8%). Together with an increased Glc level (27.3%), the observation of a statistically significant decrease of brain Lac (-38.5 +/- 19.3%) in Cr-fed rats may reflect a shift of the energy metabolism from non-oxidative toward oxidative glycolysis. One hour after global ischemia most of the metabolic differences between Cr-fed rats and controls were retained. The increased Glc level (44.4 +/- 33.3%) reached statistical significance, but the accumulation of Lac and its time course during ischemia and early reperfusion showed no differences between Cr-fed rats and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Michaelis
- Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie, D-37070 Göttingen, Germany.
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Abstract
We experienced a case of solitary trigeminal neurinoma in a 10-year-old boy without stigmata of neurofibromatosis. This boy presented with progressive cerebellar ataxia, right abducens palsy and right hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) demonstrated a tumour extending into both the middle and posterior fossas forming a dumbbell-shaped mass lesion with a size of 35 x 30 x 45 mm. The tumour was successfully removed free of complications by a two-stage operation composed of right subtemporal and suboccipital retromastoid approaches. It is extremely rare for a solitary neurinoma to occur at this site in a child without neurofibromatosis. Surgical approaches in this type of tumour are discussed with a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsuboi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Japan
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Fujimori H, Yamagishi S. Images in medicine. Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Postgrad Med J 1999; 75:378. [PMID: 10435183 PMCID: PMC1741270 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.75.884.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Fujimori
- Division of Surgery, Hikishima Hospital, Hakui, Japan
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Yamagishi S, Fujimori H, Yonekura H, Tanaka N, Yamamoto H. Advanced glycation endproducts accelerate calcification in microvascular pericytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 258:353-7. [PMID: 10329391 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification in advanced atherosclerosis is frequently associated with diabetes, and is a predictor of future cardiovascular events. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of vascular calcification, we examined whether advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) formed at an accelerated rate under diabetes induce the osteoblastic differentiation of pericytes, a mesenchymal progenitor. First, von Kossa staining demonstrated that AGE significantly increased the number of calcified nodules in a bovine pericyte culture. AGE were also found to induce calcium accumulation in the pericyte monolayer in time- and dose-dependent manners. Second, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that AGE increased the pericyte levels of mRNAs coding for alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin, the representative markers for early and late osteoblastic differentiation, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity was actually enhanced by AGE. The results suggest that AGE have the ability to induce the osteoblatic differentiation of pericytes, which would contribute to the development of vascular calcification in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamagishi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
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Abstract
Protocols suitable for repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the tree shrew's brain were established. This included the development of (i) a technique for prolonged inhalation anesthesia by endotracheal intubation; (ii) a reproducible fixation of the animal's head in a stereotaxic frame and finally (iii) the set-up of the hardware (rf coil) and software (MRI sequences) of the MRI system. The endotracheal intubation as well as the repeated and prolonged anesthesia showed no complications. The in vivo measurements of the tree shrew's hippocampal formation revealed a high reproducibility. Right and left hippocampal volume was determined as 85.2 mm3 +/- 8% and 87.4 mm3 +/- 10%, respectively. The utility of MRI in delineating alterations in brain anatomy was demonstrated in three animals receiving cortisol via the drinking water (5 mg/animal/day). After a 4-week treatment, in two of the three tree shrews a reduction in hippocampal volume was observed. Thus, the MRI protocols used here allow for repeated and non-invasive measurements of changes in hippocampal anatomy within the same animal and to monitor the temporal dynamics of structural alterations within this brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ohl
- Division of Neurobiology, German Primate Center, Göttingen
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