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Liang L, Lin AJ, Ha V, Chutinan S, Ohyama H. Evaluating dental student self-assessment across preclinical anatomy waxing and operative exercises. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38562110 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE A career in healthcare is built on the foundations of continuous self-reflection and self-assessment. Previous studies have solely compared student self-assessment to faculty grades in a single discipline. The objective of this study was to investigate whether associations of a student's self-assessment skills exist across multiple disciplines in the predoctoral setting. METHODS Sixty-five students from two class years at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine completed preclinical competency exams in dental anatomy waxing and operative dentistry. The difference between the student's self-assessment score and average faculty grade for each exercise was calculated as the student‒faculty (S-F) gap, which served as a proxy to determine how students evaluate their work. Regression analysis was performed to assess associations between wax-up and preclinical operative S-F gaps. RESULTS Mean S-F gaps for waxing and preclinical operative procedures were positive (5.7 ± 6.1 and 7.6 ± 6.7, respectively). Additionally, students in the lower quartile tended to overestimate performance to a greater degree than their peers in the upper quartile. Furthermore, the waxing S-F gaps were positively associated with S-F gaps of each operative procedure, particularly with the combined operative exercise S-F gaps, where a statistically significant association was seen (coefficient = 0.28; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION(S) Previously, we identified a negative correlation between students' self-assessment skills (S-F gaps) and their preclinical performance. In this study, we further demonstrated an association of S-F gaps in two fundamental exercises: wax-up and operative dentistry. This underscores the roles of S-F gaps as possible indicators of students' preclinical and clinical performance, and it holds potential to become a widely standardized and applicable calculation that may help evaluate the effectiveness of the dental curricula and optimize student learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liang
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amy J Lin
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivian Ha
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Liang L, Ha V, Lin A, Chutinan S, Ohyama H. Association of student performance between dental anatomy waxing and preclinical operative dentistry. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:645-647. [PMID: 38303857 PMCID: PMC10829679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial perception and psychomotor skills are critical components to clinical dentistry. However, measures within the dental school curricula have not been sufficiently studied and evaluated for their effectiveness in predicting preclinical performance. The objective of this study was to examine whether students' waxing skills are associated with preclinical operative performance. This study included 65 students from two class years at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine. Regression analysis was utilized to assess associations between waxing scores and operative exam scores. Waxing scores were found to be positively correlated with all operative practical exam scores and significantly associated with the class III resin composite restoration (coefficient, 0.42; P = 0.02) and the combined operative exam scores (coefficient, 0.33; P = 0.04). Wax-up assessments could serve as a predictor for preclinical performance and identify students who would benefit from additional assistance to help foster a more inclusive learning environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liang
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vivian Ha
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy Lin
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Kaczmarek-Stewart K, Ohyama H. Changing tide: Student perceptions of remote virtual examinations over time. J Dent Educ 2023; 87 Suppl 3:1854-1856. [PMID: 37119002 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, The Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Lin AJ, Lin Z, Ha V, Zhang L, Kim S, Ohyama H. Dental students' behaviors and attitudes on virtual learning in the US and China: A pilot study. J Dent Educ 2023. [PMID: 37990945 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Lin
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhi Lin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivian Ha
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics at School of Dentistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sydney Kim
- Academy for Allied Health Sciences, Scotch Plains, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Yeh SY, Puttige Ramesh N, Kaczmarek-Stewart K, Ahn C, Li AZ, Ohyama H. Dental Student Perceptions of Distance Education over Time: A Mixed-Methods Study. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:233. [PMID: 37886918 PMCID: PMC10605365 DOI: 10.3390/dj11100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the transition to distance learning raised pertinent questions regarding advantages and challenges compared to traditional in-person learning. This study aimed to investigate dental students' perceptions of distance learning throughout the pandemic, examining its impact on their education. METHODS This study employed a convergent mixed-methods design. Three online surveys were conducted in 2020, 2021, and 2022 to collect quantitative data. Additionally, qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out in 2022. Interviews were recorded and transcribed; then, thematic analysis was performed following an inductive approach. RESULTS As perceived by the participants, distance learning entails advantages and challenges. Initially, they felt uncertainty and negativity about the new environment with distance learning. However, their perceptions shifted positively as they adapted, even after returning to hybrid and in-person modules. Furthermore, most participants felt that distance learning is better suited for didactic content. It was suggested that didactic courses contain approximately 25-50% of online methods. CONCLUSIONS Distance learning has provided valuable opportunities to reinforce curricula and improve learning efficacy during the pandemic. Our findings suggest that a hybrid learning model that combines traditional and distance modules appears to be an effective approach for future dental education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Y. Yeh
- General Practice Residency in Dentistry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Nithya Puttige Ramesh
- Advanced Graduate Education Program in Dental Public Health, Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Kristie Kaczmarek-Stewart
- Advanced Graduate Program in Endodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Chiho Ahn
- Department of General Dentistry, Section of Predoctoral Periodontology, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Alice Z. Li
- Advanced Graduate Program in Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wu DT, Zhu J, Ohyama H. Students' perceptions on virtual interactive clinical case-based tutorials: A 2-year comparison study. J Dent Educ 2023; 87 Suppl 1:888-891. [PMID: 36341540 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David T Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jenna Zhu
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Yamakami SA, Nagai M, Chutinan S, Ohyama H. 3D Digital technology as an alternative educational tool in preclinical dentistry. Eur J Dent Educ 2022; 26:733-740. [PMID: 34939264 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The advancement of 3D digital scanners has allowed educators to uphold the quality of education whilst implementing novel methods of assessment. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare two evaluation methods, conventional and digital scanned assessments, on student cavity preparations and students and faculty's perceptions of these assessment methods. METHODS Predoctoral students performed Class II amalgam and Class III resin composite preparations on simulated teeth for their preclinical competency examinations. Two calibrated faculty evaluated the students' preparations using dental instruments for conventional assessments and 3D scanned images for digital assessments. Faculty scores from both assessment methods were compared and statistically analysed (p < .05). Students also self-assessed their performance using the digital scanned images and filled out a perception survey. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the conventional (Class II; 73.3 ± 12.2 and Class III; 82.5 ± 8.9) and the digital assessment with scanned images (Class II; 71.3 ± 11.0 and Class III; 82.2 ± 8.2). Faculty scores from both methods have shown a trend of comparability. Most students agreed that digital ideal preparation models were useful (84.2%) and almost all students agreed that digital technology helped them learn operative dentistry (91.1%). In contrast, most students agreed that conventional assessment should be the main self-evaluation system (82.2%) and disagreed that digital assessment is more effective than conventional self-assessment (68.3%). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that 3D digital technology could be an alternative and/or supplementary educational tool to aid in upholding the quality of dental education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelyn Akari Yamakami
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, University of São Paulo, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, US
| | - Manavi Nagai
- Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, US
| | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, US
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, US
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Grieco P, Watrous O, Aldosari M, Ohyama H, Park S. Predoctoral Student Performance in a Restorative Dentistry Course During the COVID-19 Pandemic. INT J PROSTHODONT 2022; 35:718-723. [PMID: 36645861 DOI: 10.11607/ijp.8053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare predoctoral student performance in restorative dentistry related to curricular changes implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the impact of remote education on performance in didactic and preclinical examinations and objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 172 students, all members of the DMD graduating classes from 2017 to 2021. Scores in the Final Restorative Treatment (FRTx) course, subdivided into didactic and preclinical lab work, and the OSCEs were assessed and compared between pre-pandemic students and during-pandemic students. RESULTS Performance in the preclinical lab exercises was statistically significantly higher in the during-pandemic cohort than in the pre-pandemic cohort after adjusting for students' gender and admission scores. Performance in restorative dentistry as measured by the OSCE was not statistically different among during-pandemic students compared to the pre-pandemic students. It was observed that students were more efficient and engaged during the more limited lab sessions with the increased student-to-faculty ratio that allowed for more feedback. CONCLUSION Although virtual education cannot replace in-person experiences, this model served students satisfactorily during the COVID-19 pandemic, with added support structures such as flexible scheduling, interactive sessions, and additional small-group discussions to maintain academic performance in predoctoral education.
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Yamakami SA, Faraoni JJ, Lia NSND, Regula FB, Ohyama H, Palma-Dibb RG. Effect of an experimental chitosan/casein gel on demineralized enamel under a cariogenic challenge. Dent Med Probl 2022; 59:531-538. [PMID: 36484481 DOI: 10.17219/dmp/146038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is considered one of the most common oral health diseases. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an experimental chitosan/casein gel on enamel demineralization/remineralization in an environment with a high cariogenic challenge. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six specimens of bovine enamel (4 mm × 3 mm × 2 mm) were ground flat and polished. Then, the specimens were immersed in acetate buffer for 43 h with half of the surface protected (serving as control) and the other half exposed. All demineralized surfaces were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 12 per group) according to the type of treatment (G1 - control, G2 - 1.5% chitosan gel with 1.5% casein, and G3 - 1.5% chitosan gel without casein), and the corresponding treatment was applied once a week for 3 weeks. The specimens were also subjected to pH cycles of demineralization/ remineralization and the treatments were performed 3 times at 7-day intervals for a total of 21 days. Surface images were obtained for the analysis of initial roughness and, after the cariogenic challenge, new images were obtained to evaluate the final roughness, volume loss and wear profile using laser confocal microscopy. After the analyses, the specimens were cut and the depth of demineralization was measured. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's test. RESULTS While the chitosan gel with casein showed a similar loss to the control group (p > 0.05), both gels resulted in similar volume loss (p > 0.05). There were no statistical differences regarding the wear profile, surface roughness and depth of demineralization between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The chitosan gel reduced volume loss of the demineralized enamel without significantly impacting the surface smoothness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelyn Akari Yamakami
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - Juliana Jendiroba Faraoni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Franciana Berzoti Regula
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Kornmehl DL, Aldosari M, Tabassian LJ, Park SE, Ohyama H. Association of admissions factors with student performance in preclinical operative dentistry. J Dent Educ 2022; 86:1390-1398. [PMID: 35534921 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Admission to dental school is based on various factors including academic achievements in undergraduate coursework and the Dental Admission Test (DAT) scores. Students' success in an operative course requires fundamental knowledge, hand skills, spatial awareness, and self-assessment ability. The goal of this study is to evaluate how admissions factors, such as Grade Point Average (GPA) and DAT, including the Perceptual Ability Test (PAT), relate to students' academic and preclinical performance and self-assessment skills in preclinical operative dentistry. METHODS A total of 239 students were included from seven class years (2016-2022). Third-year dental students participated in a preclinical operative dentistry course. At the end of the course, they took the final multiple-choice exam and performed four competency examination procedures: Class II amalgam preparation and restoration and Class III resin-composite preparation and restoration. Calibrated faculty graded students' work independently and students also self-assessed their performance using the same rubrics as faculty. Linear regressions were performed to estimate the association between the admission factors with the mean faculty scores (measuring preclinical performance), student-faculty (S-F) gap scores (evaluating self-assessment skills), and their final didactic exam scores. RESULTS Overall, students' self-assessment was higher compared to faculty score. Linear regression analysis demonstrated positive correlations between the PAT and students' preclinical performance as well as between the DAT and their didactic exam scores. In general, S-F gap score decreased as PAT score increased, and it was statistically significant lower for the Class III preparation, indicating a better self-assessment skill. No correlations were observed between student performance and GPA scores. CONCLUSION The findings from the association between student performance and admission factors may play an important role in the dental school admissions process and assist students who may benefit from early faculty intervention and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Kornmehl
- Department of Dentistry, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, New York.,Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Muath Aldosari
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, King Saud University College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Sang E Park
- Office of Dental Education, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Inoue N, Aldosari M, Park SE, Ohyama H. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on student performance and self-evaluation in preclinical operative dentistry. Eur J Dent Educ 2022; 26:377-383. [PMID: 34520609 PMCID: PMC8652620 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, dental schools were required to reformat their curricula to accommodate regulations mandated to protect the health of students and faculty. For students enrolled in the Operative Dentistry preclinical courses at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM), this modified curriculum included frontloading the course with lectures delivered remotely, followed by in-person laboratory exercises of learned concepts. The aim of this article was to determine the impact that the modifications had on student performance and student self-evaluation capabilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-eight students were introduced to this restructured course. Their performance in a final multiple-choice (MC) examination, four preclinical laboratory competency assessments (class II amalgam preparation and restoration, class III composite preparation and restoration) and their self-assessment of these preclinical competency assessments were then compared with the pre-COVID pandemic (P-CP) classes from years 2014 to 2019 (n = 216 students). Linear regressions were performed to determine differences in mean faculty scores, self-assessment scores, student-faculty score gaps (S-F gaps) and absolute S-F gaps seen between the class impacted by the pandemic and the P-CP classes. RESULTS The results demonstrated that students during the COVID-19 pandemic (D-CP) had a higher average faculty score in all four preclinical laboratory competency assessments and in the final MC examination. In addition, the S-F gap was smaller in this cohort as compared with the P-CP classes. CONCLUSION Despite the challenges of restructuring the preclinical curricula, D-CP students performed better than their P-CP predecessors in multiple facets of this Operative Dentistry course including self-assessment accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Inoue
- Harvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Muath Aldosari
- Department of Periodontics and Community DentistryKing Saud University College of DentistryRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of Oral Health Policy and EpidemiologyHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sang E. Park
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Grieco P, Jivraj A, Da Silva J, Kuwajima Y, Ishida Y, Ogawa K, Ohyama H, Ishikawa-Nagai S. Importance of bitewing radiographs for the early detection of interproximal carious lesions and the impact on healthcare expenditure in Japan. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10:2. [PMID: 35242847 PMCID: PMC8825540 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Globally, the direct cost of dental caries is approximately $298B yearly, consuming 5–10% of national healthcare budgets. Bitewing radiographs (BWR) are the standard method of diagnosing interproximal dental caries. In Japan, bitewing radiographs are rarely used. This retrospective observational study was conducted to measure the potential economic impact of carious lesions left undiagnosed and untreated due to this omission of bitewing radiographs. Methods The total number of existing carious lesions, the number of undiagnosed lesions, and costs of treating these lesions were calculated from the national database of Ministry of Health, Labor and Wellness in Japan between June 2013 and 2017. The number of affected teeth was estimated using prevalence data and undiagnosed lesions were estimated. The expense associated with treating progressed lesions was calculated using the standard Japanese fee structure. BWR trends were assessed, and analyses were performed to understand the differences between states and populations over time. Results The average number of BWR taken monthly per office was 48.3±1.1 (average ± SD). It was calculated that an average of 6,429,155 lesions went undiagnosed per month, 93.5 teeth per practice, and 1.6 teeth per patient. The cost of treating lesions that went undiagnosed and then progressed into more invasive restorations was estimated to be between $57M–$218M more (difference between NaF varnish and class II restorations), and $150M–$443M more (difference between Class II restoration and crown or crown with RCT). Conclusions BWRs are crucial in diagnosing a significant number of carious lesions. There is considerable impact on health and cost to the national health system due to undiagnosed lesions. Practitioners need to be educated on reading and understanding BWR, and policy should be changed to cover BWR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grieco
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - John Da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yukinori Kuwajima
- Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishida
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaho Ogawa
- Department of Developmental Oral Health Science, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shigemi Ishikawa-Nagai
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Inoue N, Lin J, Chen E, Ohyama H. Student perspectives and feedback on dental licensure by non-patient-based alternative examination. J Dent Educ 2021; 86 Suppl 1:808-811. [PMID: 34919262 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emily Chen
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Adams School of Dentistry
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Caughey JA, Do Q, Shen D, Ohyama H, He P, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J. Comprehensive review of the incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve. Anat Cell Biol 2021; 54:409-416. [PMID: 34620736 PMCID: PMC8693131 DOI: 10.5115/acb.21.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve is a vital anatomical structure within the anterior mandible that has not been thoroughly defined and outlined in reports in the literature until recent years. Advances in radiological imaging, particularly the widespread use of cone-beam computed tomography has allowed for accurate visualization of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) and its associated incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve. Surgical damage to the MIC, which could result in hemorrhage and sensory disturbance, may occur in commonly practiced oral and maxillofacial procedures, such as chin bone harvesting, implant placement, fracture repair and removal of pathologic entities of the anterior mandible. Knowledge of both the presence, dimensions and location of the incisive branch is a vital component to pre and peri-operative planning of oral and maxillofacial surgeries performed within the mandible, particularly within the interforaminal zone. In this article, the terminology, anatomy, imaging, surgical consideration, and pathology of the incisive branch will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Caughey
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Quang Do
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Shen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Puhan He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada.,Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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Tabassian LJ, Nagasawa M, Ba AK, Akiba N, Akiba Y, Uoshima K, Ohyama H. Comparing dental student preclinical self-assessment in the United States and Japan. J Dent Educ 2021; 86:21-28. [PMID: 34437721 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Self-assessment is an essential skill for dental professionals. Understanding global trends in self-assessment can highlight the learning needs of students across a diversity of cultural backgrounds. The aim of this study is to compare the self-assessment ability of dental students in the United States and Japan, where cultural backgrounds may differ. METHODS Students in the United States (n = 176) completed a typodont premolar and anterior Class II and Class III preparation and restoration. Students in Japan (n = 175) completed a typodont premolar crown preparation. Students and faculty then evaluated the student performance using rubrics for each respective procedure. The difference between the student's self-assessment score and the average faculty score (S-F gap) was calculated and the data were analyzed. RESULTS The mean S-F gap was 2.8% in Japan and 7.6% in the United States. This indicates that Japanese students tended to assess themselves closer to their faculty graders than students in the United States. On average, students in both countries scored themselves higher than their faculty graders. Students in the United States more frequently overestimated their performance and students in Japan more frequently underestimated their performance. For students in the lower quartile, the mean S-F gap was 5.1% in Japan and 14.6% in the United States, indicating a large cultural discrepancy in the lower quartile groups. CONCLUSIONS Although different preclinical procedures were compared, our findings demonstrated that Japanese students may score themselves more closely to their faculty assessors than students in the United States. Further investigation with more students completing the same preclinical activity will be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masako Nagasawa
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Aisha K Ba
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nami Akiba
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yosuke Akiba
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Katsumi Uoshima
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Shen D, Ono K, Do Q, Ohyama H, Nakamura K, Obata K, Ibaragi S, Watanabe K, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J. Clinical anatomy of the inferior labial gland: a narrative review. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2284-2292. [PMID: 34422599 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective In this article we review the literature on the inferior labial gland from a clinical and anatomical perspective. Background Regardless of its importance in clinical practice, there are no medical literature that comprehensively reviewed the inferior labial gland. Methods A database search using PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. The following keywords were used in the search: "lower labial salivary gland", "lower labial gland", "inferior labial salivary gland", AND "inferior labial gland". Conclusions The human labial glands are types of minor salivary gland that continuously secrete small amounts of mucous and serous substances to maintain oral health. The inferior labial glands are innervated by the inferior labial branch of the mental nerve, and the inferior labial branch of the facial artery is the main arterial supply to the lower lip. Although they only have an auxiliary role in saliva production compared to the major salivary glands, minor salivary glands provide a certain amount of lubrication in the oral cavity by the continuous outflow of saliva. The inferior labial gland not only promotes moisturization in the oral cavity but also secretes substances with antibacterial effects, which is important for the function of the oral cavity. A recent study showed that the rate of salivary secretion from the inferior labial glands does not change with age, and in some cases the inferior labial glands are used for diagnosing intractable diseases such as Sjogren's syndrome and cystic fibrosis. In addition, since the inferior labial glands themselves can be the site of cyst and/or neoplasia development, we should be careful to distinguish them from other diseases. Elucidation of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the inferior labial glands, is important for understanding human health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kisho Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Quang Do
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken Nakamura
- Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Obata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ibaragi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada.,Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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17
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Kaczmarek K, Chen E, Ohyama H. Eye in the sky: Student perceptions of secure remote examinations. J Dent Educ 2021; 85 Suppl 3:1949-1951. [PMID: 34106469 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Chen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Kornmehl DL, Patel E, Agrawal R, Harris JR, Ba AK, Ohyama H. The effect of gender on student self-assessment skills in operative preclinical dentistry. J Dent Educ 2021; 85:1511-1517. [PMID: 33990132 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Self-assessment is a fundamental skill for dentists and other health care providers. It enables these professionals' ability to critically evaluate the quality of their clinical work and improve through self-directed learning. Researchers have investigated how gender affects self-assessment skills and have shown that male students tend to overestimate their performance while female students tend to underestimate theirs as compared to peer or faculty assessment. The goal of this study was to evaluate how the self-assessment skills of dental students differ by gender in operative preclinical dentistry. METHODS Third-year dental students (N = 208, Class of 2016-2021) self-assessed their work using the same rubrics as faculty on four operative dentistry competency examination procedures: Class II amalgam preparation and restoration and Class III resin-composite preparation and restoration. Two calibrated full-time faculty graded all procedures independently. The Student self-assessment-Faculty grade (S-F) gap scores were calculated and statistically analyzed. RESULTS Overall, both genders overestimated their self-assessment for all four procedures as compared to actual scores given by faculty. Males overestimated more significantly than females for Class II Amalgam preparation, but not for the other three procedures. However, when the S-F gap for all procedures was combined and analyzed together, male students significantly overestimated their self-assessments compared to female students. When female and male students grading scores were stratified into quartiles, there were significantly larger differences between males and females in the lower quartiles, which suggest that difference in self-assessment abilities was more prominent among the lower performing students. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that gender may affect the accuracy of self-assessment in operative preclinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eshani Patel
- VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Ruchika Agrawal
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Aisha K Ba
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Yamakami SA, Sehgal S, Taylor RH, Ohyama H. Decision tree protocol for demineralized gingival margin extension in class II composite cavity preparations. J Dent Sci 2021; 16:1050-1053. [PMID: 34141130 PMCID: PMC8189868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study proposed the development of a protocol for class-II preparations with demineralized gingival margins for the improvement of the longevity of restorations. Evidence sources such as location/color/surface hardness/width of demineralized gingival margin with enamel/demineralized enamel (DE)/dentin/cementum were reviewed based on methodological studies and systematic reviews. A decision tree protocol was developed with criteria (i) lesion location: demineralized gingival margins in enamel must be removed, but if close to cementoenamel-junction, color should be evaluated. (ii) Color: yellow/brown lesions must be removed, but if white/opaque, then the surface hardness should be evaluated. (iii) Surface hardness: soft/demineralized gingival margin must be removed, but if adequately hard, width should be evaluated. (iv) Width: lesions less than half-enamel thickness and impenetrable by an explorer, remineralization is possible and the lesion does not need to be removed. A decision tree protocol was set up with the current available literature. Further continued investigations will be needed for the appropriate protocol updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelyn Akari Yamakami
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Shaan Sehgal
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Russell Haywood Taylor
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, United States
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, United States
- Corresponding author. Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States. Fax: 617 432 0901.
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20
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Van Doren EJ, Breitman LS, Lee JE, Chutinan S, Ohyama H. Piloting an online, dental education platform to supplement students' operative learning. J Dent Educ 2021; 85 Suppl 3:2041-2043. [PMID: 33765324 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer E Lee
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Chutinan S, Kim J, Chien T, Meyer HY, Ohyama H. Can an interactive case-based activity help bridge the theory-practice gap in operative dentistry? Eur J Dent Educ 2021; 25:199-206. [PMID: 32799409 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A theory-practice gap in pre-doctoral dental education is a common source of stress for dental students. An interactive, small-group, case-based activity was designed to bridge the gap between pre-clinical and clinical experiences. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of the case-based activity by evaluating students' comfort level in operative procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Over 5 years, a total of 172 second-year students from the classes of 2017 through 2021 participated in the case-based activity delivered after the completion of the core operative dentistry course. The exercise included a pre-activity online quiz, an in-class case-based session and a laboratory exercise. Students' self-reported comfort levels in performing operative procedures were collected by surveys at three different times. They included the post-course survey distributed after the completion of the core operative dentistry course, the post-activity survey distributed after the completion of the case-based activity, and the follow-up survey distributed after students completed their first operative procedures in clinic. RESULTS There was a 93% response rate. The average rating of all eight statements revealed statistically significant increase in students' comfort level after completing the case-based activity and after performing their first operative procedures in the teaching practice. CONCLUSION This observation suggests that the case-based activity was effective in raising students' comfort levels. The activity may serve as an important tool in bridging the theory-practice gap between pre-clinical and clinical operative experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tiffany Chien
- Resident, The Advanced Education Program in Endodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen Yang Meyer
- Endodontist, Colorado Endodontic Group, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Sato H, Da Silva JD, Lee C, Yonemoto H, Kuwajima Y, Ohyama H, Lambert RF, Izumisawa M, Takahashi N, Nagai S. Effects of healthcare policy and education on reading accuracy of bitewing radiographs for interproximal caries. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021; 50:20200153. [PMID: 32795199 PMCID: PMC7860953 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20200153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of bitewing radiograph interpretation of predoctoral students, residents and general dentists who work under different core curriculum of dental education and healthcare policy. Methods A total of 118 examiners including predoctoral dental students, residents and general dentists from USA and Japan were tasked with evaluating a series of bitewing radiographs and diagnosing interproximal carious lesions. This study was approved by the Harvard Medical School Institutional Review Board (IRB). Participants graded interproximal aspects of those images and categorized the following criteria; “intact”, “enamel caries <1/2 width”, “enamel caries >1/2 width” or “caries into dentin”. The gold-standard was determined by the consensus of two HSDM full-time faculty. Results There was significant difference in the sensitivity for all three caries levels between the two groups but there was no significant difference on specificity. The positive-predictive and negative-predictive values of the USA group for the enamel caries (<1/2 of enamel) were significantly higher than the Japanese group. The average of AUC (ROC) was significantly higher in the USA group (0.885 ± 0.04) than the Japanese group (0.785 ± 0.08, p<0.01). Conclusion Teaching and adopting BW radiographs for diagnosis of interproximal caries is integral for dental providers to accurately and efficiently use them in their practices. It is critical that all dental educators approach policymakers to explain the importance of BW radiographs and promote their efficacy for prevention and early diagnosis of interproximal caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- Research Collaborator, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - John D Da Silva
- Associate Professor, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Cliff Lee
- Research Associate, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hisashi Yonemoto
- Research Collaborator, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yukinori Kuwajima
- Lecturer, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Morioka, Japan
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Assistant Professor, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Mitsuru Izumisawa
- Associate Professor, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Noriaki Takahashi
- Lecturer, Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine, Morioka, Japan
| | - Shigemi Nagai
- Associate Professor, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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23
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Shen D, Do Q, Ohyama H, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J. Dual innervation of the mylohyoid muscle by the trigeminal and hypoglossal nerves: A case report. Morphologie 2021; 105:72-74. [PMID: 32891510 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During the routine dissection of a cadaveric specimen, the left mylohyoid muscle was found to be innervated by both the trigeminal and hypoglossal nerves. This variation was found unilaterally. To our knowledge this dual innervation of the mylohyoid muscle is an extremely rare variation. The possibility of these variants may lead to clinical consequences such as anesthesia failure and iatrogenic injury during surgical procedures in this region. We discuss this anatomical variation and possible developmental etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shen
- Harvard school of dental medicine, Harvard university, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Q Do
- Harvard school of dental medicine, Harvard university, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Ohyama
- Department of restorative dentistry and biomaterials sciences, Harvard school of dental medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R S Tubbs
- Department of neurosurgery, Tulane center for clinical neurosciences, Tulane university school of medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Department of anatomical sciences, Saint-George's university, Saint-George's, Grenada; Department of structural and cellular biology, Tulane university school of medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Department of neurosurgery and Ochsner neuroscience institute, Ochsner health system, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - J Iwanaga
- Department of restorative dentistry and biomaterials sciences, Harvard school of dental medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Dental and oral medical center, Kurume university school of medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan; Division of gross and clinical anatomy, department of anatomy, Kurume university school of medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.
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24
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Inoue N, Kaczmarek K, Chen E, Ohyama H. Connecting the dots: Lessons learned from student performance in the pandemic era. J Dent Educ 2021; 85 Suppl 3:1996-1998. [PMID: 33448398 PMCID: PMC8014255 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Inoue
- Prosthodontics, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Emily Chen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Do Q, Shen D, Ohyama H, Tubbs RS, Iwanaga J. A rare case of trifid mandibular canal with bilateral retromolar foramina. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:512-515. [PMID: 32814706 PMCID: PMC7769093 DOI: 10.5115/acb.20.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many reported anatomical variations of the mandibular canal. Consequently, there is great variation in the retromolar area, such as the quantity, size, and location of the retromolar foramen (RMF), the bony entrance of the retromolar canal (RMC). These variations allow for different accessory innervations to the mandibular molars and their adjacent buccal tissue because the RMC contains neurovascular bundles. Consideration of these anatomical variations is crucial for avoiding complications in anesthesia, implant placement, and surgery. However, the rarer canal types are often only imaged by computed tomography (CT) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). We present a rare case with bilateral RMF and a unilateral trifid mandibular canal in a cadaver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Do
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Shen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston MA, USA
| | - R Shane Tubbs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada, USA.,Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joe Iwanaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.,Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
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26
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Yang D, Boesch H, Liu Y, Somkuti P, Cai Z, Chen X, Di Noia A, Lin C, Lu N, Lyu D, Parker RJ, Tian L, Wang M, Webb A, Yao L, Yin Z, Zheng Y, Deutscher NM, Griffith DWT, Hase F, Kivi R, Morino I, Notholt J, Ohyama H, Pollard DF, Shiomi K, Sussmann R, Té Y, Velazco VA, Warneke T, Wunch D. Toward High Precision XCO 2 Retrievals From TanSat Observations: Retrieval Improvement and Validation Against TCCON Measurements. J Geophys Res Atmos 2020; 125:e2020JD032794. [PMID: 33777605 PMCID: PMC7983077 DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
TanSat is the 1st Chinese carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement satellite, launched in 2016. In this study, the University of Leicester Full Physics (UoL-FP) algorithm is implemented for TanSat nadir mode XCO2 retrievals. We develop a spectrum correction method to reduce the retrieval errors by the online fitting of an 8th order Fourier series. The spectrum-correction model and its a priori parameters are developed by analyzing the solar calibration measurement. This correction provides a significant improvement to the O2 A band retrieval. Accordingly, we extend the previous TanSat single CO2 weak band retrieval to a combined O2 A and CO2 weak band retrieval. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been applied to determine the threshold values of post-screening filters. In total, 18.3% of the retrieved data is identified as high quality compared to the original measurements. The same quality control parameters have been used in a footprint independent multiple linear regression bias correction due to the strong correlation with the XCO2 retrieval error. Twenty sites of the Total Column Carbon Observing Network (TCCON) have been selected to validate our new approach for the TanSat XCO2 retrieval. We show that our new approach produces a significant improvement on the XCO2 retrieval accuracy and precision when compared to TCCON with an average bias and RMSE of -0.08 ppm and 1.47 ppm, respectively. The methods used in this study can help to improve the XCO2 retrieval from TanSat and subsequently the Level-2 data production, and hence will be applied in the TanSat operational XCO2 processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Yang
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
- Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - H. Boesch
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - Y. Liu
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
- Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - P. Somkuti
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
- Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - Z. Cai
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - X. Chen
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - A. Di Noia
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - C. Lin
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChina
| | - N. Lu
- National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological AdministrationChina
| | - D. Lyu
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - R. J. Parker
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - L. Tian
- Shanghai Engineering Center for MicrosatellitesChina
| | - M. Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - A. Webb
- Earth Observation Science, School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUK
- National Centre for Earth ObservationUniversity of LeicesterUK
| | - L. Yao
- Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChina
| | - Z. Yin
- Shanghai Engineering Center for MicrosatellitesChina
| | - Y. Zheng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChina
| | - N. M. Deutscher
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia
| | - D. W. T. Griffith
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia
| | - F. Hase
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK‐IFUGarmisch‐PartenkirchenGermany
| | - R. Kivi
- Space and Earth Observation CentreFinnish Meteorological InstituteFinland
| | - I. Morino
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - J. Notholt
- Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP)University of BremenBremenGermany
| | - H. Ohyama
- National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - D. F. Pollard
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd (NIWA)LauderNew Zealand
| | - K. Shiomi
- Japan Aerospace Exploration AgencyJapan
| | - R. Sussmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, IMK‐IFUGarmisch‐PartenkirchenGermany
| | - Y. Té
- Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA‐IPSL)Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL UniversitéParisFrance
| | - V. A. Velazco
- Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongNSWAustralia
| | - T. Warneke
- Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP)University of BremenBremenGermany
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Ha K, Lee A, Aram A, Ohyama H. Dental student perspective on post-graduation planning in the COVID-19 era panel. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:1202-1204. [PMID: 33145773 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Ha
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Austin Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariana Aram
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Kaczmarek K, Chen E, Ohyama H. Distance learning in the COVID-19 era: Comparison of student and faculty perceptions. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:1197-1199. [PMID: 33070311 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Chen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Iwanaga J, Tanaka T, Ohyama H, Tubbs RS. Online remote interactive lecture for postgraduate dental education in clinical anatomy. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:985-987. [PMID: 32686147 PMCID: PMC7405063 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Iwanaga
- Department of NeurosurgeryTulane Center for Clinical NeurosciencesTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversity of Florida College of DentistryGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - R. Shane Tubbs
- Department of NeurosurgeryTulane Center for Clinical NeurosciencesTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
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Chen E, Kaczmarek K, Ohyama H. Student perceptions of distance learning strategies during COVID-19. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:1190-1191. [PMID: 32686154 PMCID: PMC7404836 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Chen
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Kristie Kaczmarek
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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31
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Kakadia R, Chen E, Ohyama H. Implementing an online OSCE during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:1006-1008. [PMID: 32666512 PMCID: PMC7404760 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahen Kakadia
- Department of Oral Health Policy and EpidemiologyHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Emily Chen
- Harvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Van Doren EJ, Lee JE, Breitman LS, Chutinan S, Ohyama H. Students' perceptions on dental education in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:1187-1189. [PMID: 32623715 PMCID: PMC7361634 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials SciencesHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
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33
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Ohyama H, Hamilton A, Forman MS, Weber HP. Comparative Observation of Immediate and Late Placement of Dental Implants With Immediate Loading: A 14-Year Follow-Up Case Report. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2019; 45:313-318. [PMID: 31008685 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-18-00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Adam Hamilton
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Michael S Forman
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Hans-Peter Weber
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
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Takahashi N, Lee C, Da Silva JD, Ohyama H, Roppongi M, Kihara H, Hatakeyama W, Ishikawa-Nagai S, Izumisawa M. A comparison of diagnosis of early stage interproximal caries with bitewing radiographs and periapical images using consensus reference. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 48:20170450. [PMID: 30222021 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic property of intraoral bitewing radiographs (BTW) for early stage interproximal caries, and to compare them with periapical radiographs (PA) at different levels of caries progression. METHODS: A total of 241 interproximal surfaces of BTW and corresponding PAs were used. Seven teaching faculty consisting of three oral and maxillofacial radiologists, two operative faculty, and two prosthodontists evaluated the images. The observers graded images as either "intact", "enamel caries <1/2 width", "enamel caries >1/2 width", or "caries into dentin". The gold-standard was established by consensus of two experienced faculty with 35 years and 27 years of experience. Specificity, sensitivity, positive-predictive value, and negative-predictive value were calculated for the different level of caries progression. Furthermore, receiver operating curves) of BTW and PAs of each evaluator were made and the area under the curve of BTW and PAs were compared. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the specificity of BTW and PAs. BTW showed significantly higher sensitivity than PAs in all levels of caries progression (p<0.01). Positive-predictive value and negative-predictive value of BTWs were also significantly higher than PAs. One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test showed a significant difference in sensitivity with different levels of caries progression. The average area under the curve was significantly higher for BTWs than PAs (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: BTWs offer a significant advantage over PAs in the diagnoses of early stages of interproximal carious lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Takahashi
- 1 Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine , Morioka , Japan
| | - Cliff Lee
- 2 Harvard School of Dental Medicine , Boston, MA , USA.,3 University California, School of Dentistry , San Francisco, CA , USA
| | | | - Hiroe Ohyama
- 2 Harvard School of Dental Medicine , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Motoi Roppongi
- 1 Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine , Morioka , Japan
| | - Hidemichi Kihara
- 1 Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine , Morioka , Japan
| | | | | | - Mitsuru Izumisawa
- 1 Iwate Medical University, School of Dental Medicine , Morioka , Japan
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Lee C, Kobayashi H, Lee SR, Ohyama H. The Role of Digital 3D Scanned Models in Dental Students' Self-Assessments in Preclinical Operative Dentistry. J Dent Educ 2018; 82:399-405. [PMID: 29606657 DOI: 10.21815/jde.018.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine how dental student self-assessment and faculty assessment of operative preparations compared for conventional visual assessment versus assessment of scanned digital 3D models. In 2016, all third-year students in the Class of 2018 (N=35) at Harvard School of Dental Medicine performed preclinical exams of Class II amalgam preparations (C2AP) and Class III composite preparations (C3CP) and completed self-assessment forms; in 2017, all third-year students in the Class of 2019 (N=34) performed the same exams. Afterwards, the prepared typodont teeth were digitally scanned. Students self-assessed their preparations digitally, and four faculty members graded the preparations conventionally and digitally. The results showed that, overall, the students assessed their preparations higher than the faculty assessments. The mean student-faculty gaps for C2AP and C3CP in the conventional assessments were 11% and 5%, respectively. The mean digital student-faculty gap for C2AP and C3CP were 8% and 2%, respectively. In the conventional assessments, preclinical performance was negatively correlated with the student-faculty gap (r=-0.47, p<0.001). The correlations were not statistically significant with the digital assessments (p=0.39, p=0.26). Students in the bottom quartile significantly improved their self-assessment accuracy using digital self-assessments over conventional assessments (C2AP 10% vs. 17% and C3CP 3% vs. 10%, respectively). These results suggest that digital assessments offered a significant learning opportunity for students to critically self-assess themselves in operative preclinical dentistry. The lower performing students benefitted the most, improving their assessment ability to the level of the rest of the class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff Lee
- Dr. Lee is a resident, Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Research Associate, Nagai Lab, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Hiro Kobayashi is a DDS student, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; Samuel Lee is a DMD student, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Fellow, Harvard Medical School Academy in Medical Education
| | - Hiro Kobayashi
- Dr. Lee is a resident, Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Research Associate, Nagai Lab, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Hiro Kobayashi is a DDS student, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; Samuel Lee is a DMD student, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Fellow, Harvard Medical School Academy in Medical Education
| | - Samuel R Lee
- Dr. Lee is a resident, Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Research Associate, Nagai Lab, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Hiro Kobayashi is a DDS student, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; Samuel Lee is a DMD student, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Fellow, Harvard Medical School Academy in Medical Education
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Dr. Lee is a resident, Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, and Research Associate, Nagai Lab, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Hiro Kobayashi is a DDS student, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan; Samuel Lee is a DMD student, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Fellow, Harvard Medical School Academy in Medical Education.
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Lee C, Asher SR, Chutinan S, Gallucci GO, Ohyama H. The Relationship Between Dental Students' Assessment Ability and Preclinical and Academic Performance in Operative Dentistry. J Dent Educ 2017; 81:310-317. [PMID: 28250037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Self-assessment is a critical skill for health care professionals. Because these professionals must be lifelong, self-directed learners and self-regulating practitioners, the ability to self-assess is essential for them. The aims of this study were to measure how dental students self-assessed and peer-assessed their performance in preclinical operative procedures and to evaluate any relationship between their assessment ability and preclinical skills or academic performance. The study was conducted from 2015 to 2016. Third-year students at Harvard School of Dental Medicine self-assessed their work on four preclinical practical exams: Class II amalgam preparation, Class II amalgam restoration, Class III composite preparation, and Class III composite restoration. Three faculty members graded the same preparations and restorations. The difference between the students' self-assessment and the mean faculty assessment was calculated as the student-faculty (S-F) gap. An absolute S-F gap was also calculated with absolute values of differences. A total of 71 students completed these practical exams: 36 in the Class of 2016 and 35 in the Class of 2017. All 71 self-assessments for each of the four practical exams were collected for a response rate of 100%. The results showed that the mean S-F gap ranged from 2% to 8%, and the absolute S-F gap ranged from 7% to 12%. Preclinical performance was correlated with self-assessment accuracy. Low-performing students significantly overestimated their self-assessments compared to the rest of the class. High-performing students had more accurate self-assessments and tended to underestimate themselves. Overall, these results showed that the students had room for improving the accuracy of their self-assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff Lee
- Dr. Lee is with the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Asher is former Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Chutinan is Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Galucci is Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Sheetal R Asher
- Dr. Lee is with the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Asher is former Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Chutinan is Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Galucci is Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Dr. Lee is with the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Asher is former Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Chutinan is Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Galucci is Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - German O Gallucci
- Dr. Lee is with the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Asher is former Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Chutinan is Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Galucci is Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Dr. Lee is with the Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Asher is former Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Chutinan is Instructor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; Dr. Galucci is Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine; and Dr. Ohyama is Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine.
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Lee C, Asher SR, Chutinan S, Gallucci GO, Ohyama H. The Relationship Between Dental Students’ Assessment Ability and Preclinical and Academic Performance in Operative Dentistry. J Dent Educ 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2017.81.3.tb06276.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cliff Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Sheetal R. Asher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Supattriya Chutinan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - German O. Gallucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Hiroe Ohyama
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
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Shiohira S, Yoshida T, Sugiura H, Nishida M, Nitta K, Tsuchiya K, Grampp S, Goppelt-Strube M, Eckardt KU, Schodel J, Kang SW, Kim Y, Seo SK, Kim T, Ong S, Yang WS, Han NJ, Lee JM, Baek CH, Park SK, Kemter E, Aigner B, Wanke R, Troyano Suarez N, Olmos Centenero G, Mora I, Griera M, Cano JL, Martin P, Zamora J, Ruiz-Torres MP, Falke LL, Leask A, Lyons K, Nguyen TQ, Goldschmeding R, Park SK, Kim D, Lee AS, Jung YJ, Yang KH, Lee S, Kim W, Kim W, Kang KP, Garcia-Jerez A, Luengo-Rodriguez A, Ramirez-Chamond R, Carracedo J, Medrano-Andres D, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Calleros L, Kim HW, Park SK, Yang WS, Lee SK, Chang JW, Seo JW, Lee CT, Chou CA, Lee YT, Ng HY, Sanchez-Nino MD, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Perez-Gomez MV, Poveda J, Sanz AB, Cannata-Ortiz P, Egido J, Selgas R, Ortiz A, Ma SK, Kim IJ, Kim CS, Bae EH, Kim SW, Kokeny G, Boo'Si M, Fazekas K, Rosivall L, Mozes MM, Mijuskovic M, Ulrich C, Berger H, Trojanowicz B, Kohler F, Wolf A, Seibert E, Fiedler R, Markau S, Glomb M, Girndt M, Lajdova I, Spustova V, Oksa A, Chorvat D, Marcek Chorvatova A, Choi SO, Kim JS, Han BG, Yang JW, Liu S, Lv J, Chang R, Su F, Liang W, Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Hundsdorfer J, Sester U, Fliser D, Heine GH, Chen JS, Cheng CW, Chang LC, Wu CZ, Novaes AS, Borges FT, Boim MA, Tramonti G, Romiti N, Chieli E, Hamahata S, Nagasawa Y, Kawabe M, Kida A, Yahiro M, Nanami M, Hasuike Y, Kuragano T, Nakasho K, Ohyama H, Nakanishi T, Tanaka S, Yano S, Sugimoto T, Bae E, Stevens KK, Hillyard DZ, Delles C, Jardine AG, Burke M, Morais C, Soyer P, Sinnya S, Winterford C, Oliver K, Lambie D, Staatz C, Carroll R, Campbell S, Isbel N, Felaco P, Pesce M, Patruno A, Sirolli V, Speranza L, Amoroso L, Franceschelli S, Bonomini M, Thilo F, Zakrzewicz A, Tepel M, Thilo F, Zakrzewicz A, Tepel M, Liu S, Li Y, Liang W, Su F, Wang B. CELL SIGNALLING AND APOPTOSIS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Tanaka N, Hidaka S, Yamamura M, Ohyama H, Urade M. Metastatic cutaneous carcinosarcoma to the tongue. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:1033-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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Okada Y, Meguro M, Ohyama H, Yoshizawa S, Takeuchi-Hatanaka K, Kato N, Matsushita S, Takashiba S, Nishimura F. Human leukocyte histocompatibility antigen class II-induced cytokines from human gingival fibroblasts promote proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells: potential association with enhanced angiogenesis in chronic periodontal inflammation. J Periodontal Res 2009; 44:103-9. [PMID: 19515021 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The role of human leukocyte histocompatibility antigen (HLA) class II molecules on non-antigen-presenting cells has been a matter of controversy. We previously reported that HLA-II molecules on human gingival fibroblasts (GF) do not present antigens, but transduce signals into the cells, resulting in the expression of several cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and IL-8. However, the exact role of these cytokines, as well as other cytokines which are potentially secreted from GF, in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontal inflammation is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of HLA-II-induced cytokines on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Antibody-based cytokine-microarray analyses were performed to detect potential cytokines associated with angiogenesis. Next, cytokine productivity was confirmed by quantitative methods. Then, cell proliferation assay was performed to see whether these cytokines promoted the proliferation of HUVEC. RESULTS Besides IL-6, MCP-1, RANTES and IL-8, growth-related gene product (GRO) was newly identified as an HLA-II-induced cytokine released from GF. This was confirmed by a quantitative method. Cell culture supernatant from HLA-II-stimulated GF cultures promoted the growth of HUVEC. Addition of anti-IL-8 neutralizing antibody, anti-CXC receptor (CXCR)1 antibody and anti-MCP-1 antibody inhibited the growth of HUVEC in a dose-dependent manner, while addition of anti-GROalpha antibody did not. CONCLUSION The HLA-II-induced IL-8, via CXCR1, as well as MCP-1 from GF, promotes endothelial cell proliferation, which is possibly associated with enhanced angiogenesis in chronic periodontal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Okada
- Department of Patho-physiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Ohyama H, Kato-Kogoe N, Kuhara A, Nishimura F, Nakasho K, Yamanegi K, Yamada N, Hata M, Yamane J, Terada N. The involvement of IL-23 and the Th17 pathway in periodontitis. J Dent Res 2009; 88:633-8. [PMID: 19605880 DOI: 10.1177/0022034509339889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-23 is an essential cytokine involved in expansion of the Th17 lineage, which is associated with many immune-related destructive tissue diseases. We hypothesized that the IL-23-induced Th17 pathway plays a role in periodontal pathology and examined the expression of cytokines, and related molecules, in periodontal lesions and control sites. IL-23 and IL-12 were expressed at significantly higher levels in periodontal lesions than in control sites. However, the relative expression of the IL-23 receptor compared with the IL-12 receptor beta2 was significantly higher in periodontal lesions. Moreover, IL-17 expression was significantly higher in periodontal lesions, especially in the tissue adjacent to bone destruction, than in control sites. There was no significant difference in the expression levels of IFN-gamma, an important cytokine inhibiting differentiation toward the Th17 pathway, between periodontal lesions and control sites. Together, these results suggest that the IL-23-induced Th17 pathway is stimulated in inflammatory periodontal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ohyama
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
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Vares G, Wang B, Shang Y, Ohyama H, Tanaka K, Nakajima T, Nenoi M, Hayata I. Adaptive response in embryogenesis: vi. Comparative microarray analysis of gene expressions in mouse fetuses. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 85:70-86. [PMID: 19205986 DOI: 10.1080/09553000802635039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exposure of sublethal doses of ionizing radiation can induce protective mechanisms against a subsequent higher dose irradiation. This phenomenon, called radiation-induced adaptive response (AR), has been described in a wide range of biological models. We previously demonstrated the existence of AR in mice during late organogenesis. In this study, we investigated molecular mechanisms underlying AR in this model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using DNA microarrays, we performed a global analysis of transcriptome regulations in adapted and non-adapted cells collected from whole mouse fetuses, after in utero exposure to priming irradiation. RESULTS We identified AR-specific gene modulations. Our results suggested the involvement of signal transduction and Tumor protein (p53)-related pathways in the induction of AR. CONCLUSIONS Our results are in agreement with previous investigations showing that AR could be dependant on p53 activity. The observed gene modulations may also have possible consequences for subsequent developmental process of the fetus. This is the first report of AR-specific modulations at the molecular level in utero, which could serve as a basis for subsequent studies aimed at understanding AR in this model and possible long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vares
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Uemura Y, Suzuki M, Liu TY, Narita Y, Hirata S, Ohyama H, Ishihara O, Matsushita S. Role of human non-invariant NKT lymphocytes in the maintenance of type 2 T helper environment during pregnancy. Int Immunol 2008; 20:405-12. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxn001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Yoshizawa S, Meguro M, Ohyama H, Takeuchi-Hatanaka K, Matsushita S, Takashiba S, Nishimura F. Focal adhesion kinase mediates human leukocyte histocompatibility antigen class II-induced signaling in gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res 2008; 42:572-9. [PMID: 17956472 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.00985.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The role of human leukocyte antigen class II molecules on nonantigen-presenting cells has been a matter of controversy. We previously reported that human leukocyte antigen class II molecules on human gingival fibroblasts do not present antigens, but transduce signals into the cells by making a complex with antigenic peptide T-cell receptor or by stimulating cell surface human leukocyte antigen-DR molecules with human leukocyte antigen-DR antibody (L243), which mimics the formation of the human leukocyte antigen class II-antigenic peptide T-cell receptor complex, resulting in the expression of several cytokines. The aim of this study was to detect human leukocyte antigen class II-associated molecules mediating human leukocyte antigen class II-induced signals into the cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS Antibody-based protein-microarray analysis was performed to detect activated signaling molecules in gingival fibroblasts stimulated via human leukocyte antigen class II molecules. Then, we examined if these molecules structurally associate with human leukocyte antigen class II and actually transduce signals into the cells. RESULTS Stimulation of human leukocyte antigen class II on gingival fibroblasts by L243 resulted in enhanced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. Focal adhesion kinase was co-immunoprecipitated with human leukocyte antigen-DR by L243. Stimulation of gingival fibroblasts with L243 induced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. Luteolin, a putative focal adhesion kinase inhibitor, suppressed phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and dose dependently inhibited human leukocyte antigen class II-induced cytokine production. CONCLUSION Focal adhesion kinase is structurally associated with human leukocyte antigen-DR and mediates human leukocyte antigen class II-induced signals in gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoshizawa
- Department of Patho-physiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Ohyama H, Nagai S, Tokutomi H, Ferguson M. Recreating an esthetic smile: a multidisciplinary approach. INT J PERIODONT REST 2007; 27:61-9. [PMID: 17370663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Today's dental patients are demanding a youthful, attractive smile. The esthetic rehabilitation of patients with functionally compromised dentitions frequently involves a multidisciplinary approach. The realization of esthetic objectives in multidisciplinary cases represents a considerable clinical challenge. To a great extent, proper case selection and careful multidisciplinary treatment planning can govern the predictability of procedures. A team approach that includes the clinicians, the laboratory technician, and the patient is essential to achieve the desired results. This clinical report demonstrates a successful multidisciplinary approach to recreating an esthetic smile of a patient whose anterior maxillary dentition had been functionally and esthetically compromised by prosthetic and periodontal problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroe Ohyama
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Ashizawa Y, Ohyama H, Sunaga K, Watanabe Y, Tsunoda M, Takahashi M. Giant Tunnel Magnetoresistance Effect Derived by Controlling Crystallographic Orientation of MgO Barrier in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB Magnetic Tunnel Junctions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3379/jmsjmag.31.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ohyama H, Ogata K, Takeuchi K, Namisato M, Fukutomi Y, Nishimura F, Naruishi H, Ohira T, Hashimoto K, Liu T, Suzuki M, Uemura Y, Matsushita S. Polymorphism of the 5' flanking region of the IL-12 receptor beta2 gene partially determines the clinical types of leprosy through impaired transcriptional activity. J Clin Pathol 2005; 58:740-3. [PMID: 15976343 PMCID: PMC1770718 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2004.023903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual differences in T cell responsiveness to interleukin 12 (IL-12), resulting from inherited factors, may be responsible for differences in the intensity of cell mediated immune (CMI) responses in patients with leprosy, a disease with a wide clinical spectrum. AIM Polymorphisms in the 5' flanking region of the IL12RB2 gene were analysed to determine potential immunogenetic factors affecting CMI responses, using leprosy as a model. METHODS Polymorphisms in the 5' flanking region of IL12RB2 were examined using direct sequencing techniques, and allele frequencies between patients with lepromatous leprosy and patients with tuberculoid leprosy were compared. The effect of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on IL12RB2 expression was estimated using the dual luciferase reporter gene assay in Jurkat T cells. RESULTS Several SNPs, including -1035A>G, -1023A>G, -650delG, and -465A>G, were detected within the 5' flanking region of IL12RB2. The frequency of haplotype 1 (-1035A, -1023A, -650G, -464A) was high in the general Japanese population, but was significantly lower in lepromatous patients compared with tuberculoid patients and healthy controls. Reporter gene assays using Jurkat T cells revealed that all haplotypes carrying one or more SNP exhibited a lower transcriptional activity compared with haplotype 1. CONCLUSION SNPs within the 5' flanking region of IL12RB2 affect the degree of expression of this gene and may be implicated in individual differences in CMI responsiveness to mycobacterial antigens, leading to lepromatous or tuberculoid leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ohyama
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Saitama Medical School, Moroyama 350-0495, Japan.
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Abstract
p12(CDK2-AP1) (p12) is a CDK2-associated protein that negatively regulates its kinase activity. Growth arrest of normal diploid cells by contact inhibition resulted in an induction of p27(kip1) and reduction of CDK2 levels. Interestingly, we observed concomitantly in growth-arrested cells, there was a reduction of nuclear p12 and the appearance of a nuclear 25-kDa molecule (p25) recognized by anti-p12 polyclonal antibody. Biochemical analysis showed that bacterial His-tagged p12 could be converted into a dimeric p25 in a reducing agent-dependent manner, and mutating the only cysteine residue of p12 (Cys(105) --> Ala(105)) abolished the dimerization. Transient transfection of wild type p12 into U2OS cells showed a reducing agent-sensitive dimerization that was also abolished by the C105A mutation. Furthermore, reduction of p12 expression by a short interfering RNA resulted in a parallel reduction of p25. These data supports the possibility that p25 is a homodimeric form of p12 through the cysteine residue. More interestingly, transient transfection of p12 (C105A) into the normal diploid lung fibroblast CCD18LU cells resulted in a reduction of the growth-inhibitory effect of p12 and abolished the inhibitory effect of p12 on CDK2 kinase activity. In addition, we found that the C105A mutation did not alter nuclear localization of p12, but it prevented association with CDK2. Taken together, our data suggest that p12 forms a nuclear homodimers in contact inhibited normal diploid cells and dimerization of p12 is a necessary process for the growth inhibition effect by p12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kim
- School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Kato N, Ohyama H, Nishimura F, Matsushita S, Takashiba S, Murayama Y. Role of helper T cells in the humoral immune responses against 53-kDa outer membrane protein from Porphyromonas gingivalis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 20:112-7. [PMID: 15720572 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2004.00203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane protein with a 53-kDa molecular weight (Ag53) isolated from Porphyromonas gingivalis evokes strong humoral immune responses in many periodontitis patients. To examine the effects of cytokines produced by Ag53-specific Th cells on the IgG production against Ag53, we established Ag53-specific Th-cell lines from patients with early onset periodontitis and from healthy volunteers. We then developed a mixed lymphocyte culture system between Ag53-specific Th cells and auto- or allo-derived T-cell-depleted leukocytes produced from the subjects whose HLA class II haplotypes were completely matched. Interferon-gamma production was observed in all Th cell lines from patients and healthy subjects. As for Th2 type cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10 production varied greatly in Th cells regardless of the periodontal condition of the donor. Only Th cell lines with a high Th2/Th1 ratio induced Ag53-specific IgG production when cocultured with T-cell-depleted leukocytes. Thus, the difference in Th2/Th1 balance may regulate the Ag53-specific IgG production.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kato
- Department of Patho-physiology/Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, Japan
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Buajeeb W, Zhang X, Ohyama H, Han D, Surarit R, Kim Y, Wong DTW. Interaction of the CDK2-associated protein-1, p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1), with its homolog, p14(DOC-1R). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 315:998-1003. [PMID: 14985111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human DOC-1/CDK2AP1 gene encodes a growth suppressor protein of 12kDa (p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1)). Recently, p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1) has been shown to associate with cell cycle proteins including CDK2 and DNA polymerase alpha/primase. It negatively regulates CDK2 activities and suppresses DNA replication. Therefore, identification of other p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1) interacting proteins might clarify its role in the cell cycle regulation and carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to identify additional p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1) interacting proteins using the yeast two-hybrid system. Using human p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1) as a bait in a liver cDNA library screening, cDNA clones identical to human DOC-1R transcript were identified. The interaction between p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1) and p14(DOC-1R) was verified in vitro and in cells. GST pull-down assay and immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the interaction between the two proteins. The critical region for p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1)'s interaction with p14(DOC-1R) was defined to amino acids 20-25 by using a series of deletion mutants as baits in the yeast two-hybrid system. Our data indicated that p12(DOC-1/CDK2AP1) could associate with its homologous protein, p14(DOC-1R).
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Affiliation(s)
- Waranun Buajeeb
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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