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Heat Stroke Induces Pyroptosis in Spermatogonia via the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway. Physiol Res 2024; 73:117-125. [PMID: 38466010 PMCID: PMC11019615 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism whereby cGAS-STING pathway regulates the pyroptosis of cryptorchidism cells, with a view to finding a new strategy for clinically treating cryptorchidism-induced infertility. Spermatogonial GC-1 cells were heat stimulated to simulate the heat hurt microenvironment of cryptorchidism. The cell viability was assayed by CCK-8, and cellular DNA damage was detected by gamma-H2AX immunofluo-rescence assay. Flow cytometry was employed to assess pyroptosis index, while western blot, ELISA and PCR were used to examine the expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins (Caspase-1, IL-1beta, NLRP3) and cGAS-STING pathway proteins (cGAS, STING). After STING silencing by siRNA, the expressions of pyroptosis-related proteins were determined. Pyroptosis occurred after heat stimulation of cells. Morphological detection found cell swelling and karyopyknosis. According to the gamma-H2AX immunofluorescence (IFA) assay, the endonuclear green fluorescence was significantly enhanced, the gamma-H2AX content markedly increased, and the endonuclear DNA was damaged. Flow cytometry revealed a significant increase in pyroptosis index. Western blot and PCR assays showed that the expressions of intracellular pyrogenic proteins like Caspase-1, NLRP3 and GSDMD were elevated. The increased STING protein and gene expressions in cGAS-STING pathway suggested that the pathway was intracellularly activated. Silencing STING protein in cGAS-STING pathway led to significantly inhibited pyroptosis. These results indicate that cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in heat stress-induced pyroptosis of spermatogonial cells. After heat stimulation of spermatogonial GC-1 cells, pyroptosis was induced and cGAS-STING pathway was activated. This study can further enrich and improve the molecular mechanism of cryptorchidism.
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Unintended placement of a double-J stent in the contralateral renal pelvis during laparoscopic pyeloplasty for pediatric hydronephrosis: a case report. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:7688-7692. [PMID: 37667946 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The double-J stent (DJS) is a commonly used ureteral stent in urological surgeries, which provides support and drainage. However, the DJS may result in various complications such as infection, hematuria, stone formation, stent occlusion, and migration. Normally, one end of the DJS is located in the renal pelvis, and the other end in the bladder. In this case report, we describe the rare occurrence of a misplaced DJS during laparoscopic pyeloplasty, which was unintentionally placed in the contralateral renal pelvis. CASE REPORT A 4-month-old male infant was diagnosed with left hydronephrosis. After confirmation of the diagnosis, laparoscopic left pyeloplasty was performed with the placement of a DJS. The patient did not experience any discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting, refusal to feed, crying and restlessness, or fever, after the operation, and was discharged on postoperative day 4. The patient returned to the hospital for DJS removal 6 weeks after the operation. However, the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) X-ray examination showed that the DJS was unintentionally placed in the contralateral ureter and renal pelvis. The stent was confirmed and removed under cystoscopy. Postoperative examination of the DJS showed that there was a hole in the side of the middle of the stent for urine drainage, with no obstruction or contralateral hydronephrosis. CONCLUSIONS Misplacement of a DJS in the contralateral renal pelvis during laparoscopic pyeloplasty is a rare but potentially serious complication. Surgeons should be cautious when placing the stent and confirm its placement with imaging studies. Patients should be closely monitored for postoperative complications and prompt intervention should be taken if necessary.
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Influencing factors of laparoscopic pelvic urethroplasty in the treatment of children with hydronephrosis. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:4421-4427. [PMID: 37259722 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202305_32447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic pyeloureteroplasty in the treatment of children suffering from hydronephrosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Our pediatric department received 160 children with hydronephrosis from January 2019 through December 2021. These children were randomly assigned to either the control group or the study group with 80 cases in each group. The control group underwent traditional open pyeloureteroplasty, while the study group underwent laparoscopic pyeloureteroplasty. After assessing the results of both groups, the clinical outcomes were compared. RESULTS The study group had a significantly shorter operating time, lower intraoperative bleeding rate, and shorter hospital stay than the control group. On the first day after the operation, there was no significant difference between the control and study groups, and on the seventh day after the operation, the study group's OPS was significantly lower than that of the control group. A significant difference was observed after treatment between the study group and the control group in terms of the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis. Both groups' GFR increased significantly with time, and the GFR of the study group was significantly greater than that of the control group at 3 months after the operation, but there was no significant difference at 6 months after the operation. Postoperative adverse effects did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric laparoscopic pyeloureteroplasty can reduce intraoperative bleeding, shorten operation time and hospital stay, alleviate postoperative pain, and promote the recovery of postoperative renal morphology and function in children with hydronephrosis, which merits further discussion.
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Efficacy of the modified Brisson+Devine procedure for the treatment of concealed penis. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:2765-2769. [PMID: 37070876 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202304_31906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the modified Brisson+Devine procedure in the management of concealed penis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, the medical data of 45 children diagnosed with concealed penis who underwent modified Brisson+Devine procedure in the Department of Urology of Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021 were analyzed. Follow-up visits were performed at one, three, and six months postoperatively, and outcome measures included postoperative complications and parental satisfaction. RESULTS All 45 children completed the surgery uneventfully. At 3-4 days after surgery, the penile dressing and the urinary catheter were removed. The patients were discharged 4-5 days postoperatively without ischemic necrosis of metastatic flaps. The follow-up visits spanned from 7 to 33 months, with a mean of 14.6 months. A statistically significant increase in the penile length after surgery was observed (p<0.05). The postoperative penile appearance was good, and the parents of the children had high treatment satisfaction (p<0.05). 38 children developed postoperative transferred flap edema, and the edema disappeared at 3 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS The modified Brisson+ Devine procedure for concealed penis allows maximum use of the foreskin to improve the appearance of the penis and has a high safety profile by reducing postoperative complications, and provides high treatment satisfaction.
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Recursive Zero-COVID model and quantitation of control efforts of the Omicron epidemic in Jilin province. Infect Dis Model 2022; 8:11-26. [PMID: 36582747 PMCID: PMC9762187 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of March 2022, the epidemic due to the Omicron variant has developed rapidly in Jilin Province. To figure out the key controlling factors and validate the model to show the success of the Zero-COVID policy in the province, we constructed a Recursive Zero-COVID Model quantifying the strength of the control measures, and defined the control reproduction number as an index for describing the intensity of interventions. Parameter estimation and sensitivity analysis were employed to estimate and validate the impact of changes in the strength of different measures on the intensity of public health preventions qualitatively and quantitatively. The recursive Zero-COVID model predicted that the dates of elimination of cases at the community level of Changchun and Jilin Cities to be on April 8 and April 17, respectively, which are consistent with the real situation. Our results showed that the strict implementation of control measures and adherence of the public are crucial for controlling the epidemic. It is also essential to strengthen the control intensity even at the final stage to avoid the rebound of the epidemic. In addition, the control reproduction number we defined in the paper is a novel index to measure the intensity of the prevention and control measures of public health.
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LP-24 Thallium exposure promotes colorectal tumorigenesis via the aberrant m6A modification in ATP13A3. Toxicol Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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All-sky, all-frequency directional search for persistent gravitational waves from Advanced LIGO’s and Advanced Virgo’s first three observing runs. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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PO-1777 Self-supervised image feature extraction for outcomes prediction in oropharyngeal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03741-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Publisher Correction: Giant modulation of optical nonlinearity by Floquet engineering. Nature 2022; 602:E19. [PMID: 35022613 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Modeling and Evaluation of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for Curbing COVID-19 in Wuhan. Bull Math Biol 2022; 84:28. [PMID: 34982256 PMCID: PMC8724762 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-021-00983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The spread of COVID-19 in Wuhan was successfully curbed under the strategy of “Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism.” To understand how this measure stopped the epidemics in Wuhan, we establish a compartmental model with time-varying parameters over different stages. In the early stage of the epidemic, due to resource limitations, the number of daily reported cases may lower than the actual number. We employ a dynamic-based approach to calibrate the accumulated clinically diagnosed data with a sudden jump on February 12 and 13. The model simulation shows reasonably good match with the adjusted data which allows the prediction of the cumulative confirmed cases. Numerical results reveal that the “Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism” played a significant role on the containment of COVID-19. The spread of COVID-19 cannot be inhibited if any of the measures was not effectively implemented. Our analysis also illustrates that the Fangcang Shelter Hospitals are very helpful when the beds in the designated hospitals are insufficient. Comprised with Fangcang Shelter Hospitals, the designated hospitals can contain the transmission of COVID-19 more effectively. Our findings suggest that the combined multiple measures are essential to curb an ongoing epidemic if the prevention and control measures can be fully implemented.
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Giant modulation of optical nonlinearity by Floquet engineering. Nature 2021; 600:235-239. [PMID: 34880426 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Strong periodic driving with light offers the potential to coherently manipulate the properties of quantum materials on ultrafast timescales. Recently, strategies have emerged to drastically alter electronic and magnetic properties by optically inducing non-trivial band topologies1-6, emergent spin interactions7-11 and even superconductivity12. However, the prospects and methods of coherently engineering optical properties on demand are far less understood13. Here we demonstrate coherent control and giant modulation of optical nonlinearity in a van der Waals layered magnetic insulator, manganese phosphorus trisulfide (MnPS3). By driving far off-resonance from the lowest on-site manganese d-d transition, we observe a coherent on-off switching of its optical second harmonic generation efficiency on the timescale of 100 femtoseconds with no measurable dissipation. At driving electric fields of the order of 109 volts per metre, the on-off ratio exceeds 10, which is limited only by the sample damage threshold. Floquet theory calculations14 based on a single-ion model of MnPS3 are able to reproduce the measured driving field amplitude and polarization dependence of the effect. Our approach can be applied to a broad range of insulating materials and could lead to dynamically designed nonlinear optical elements.
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1334 Improving Patient Flow Through the Hand Trauma Pathway. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
A full-cycle audit was conducted at our plastic surgery unit, assessing adherence to hand trauma standards by the British Society for Surgery of the Hand. These stipulate that time from referral to clinic for open injuries and closed fractures should be within 24 hours and 72 hours respectively and time to theatre from date of injury (DOI) within 4 and 7 days, respectively.
Method
Data for the initial audit was collected from Nov 2019-Feb 2020 and for the re-audit from Aug-Dec 2020. Lists were generated of 50 patients with open injuries including flexor tendon, extensor tendon and nerve injuries and 50 hand fractures in both cycles. Data was collected on DOI, date of referral, clinic review and surgery.
Results
The initial audit results showed poor DOI documentation (open injuries 30%, fractures 54%). For open injuries, 44% met standards for clinical review within 24 hours and 94% for time to theatre. For fractures, 94% met the standard for time to clinic and 90% for time to theatre. The interventions included adding the standards to the clinic booking form and creating a mandatory DOI field on the referral system. The re-audit showed improvement of DOI documentation (open injuries 95%, fractures 100%) and the proportion of open injuries seen within 24 hours to 60%.
Conclusions
The interventions had a positive impact on our hand trauma pathway. Areas for improvement include reducing the number of patient visits to the service and encouraging early decision-making, particularly for patients reviewed in the emergency department.
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Liquid repellency enabled antipathogen coatings. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100145. [PMID: 34642656 PMCID: PMC8495064 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-a respiratory contagion spreading through expiratory droplets-has evolved into a global pandemic, severely impacting the public health. Importantly, the emerging of immune evasion SARS-CoV-2 variants and the limited effect of current antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 in clinical trials suggested that alternative strategies in addition to the conventional vaccines and antivirals are required to successfully control the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we propose to use liquid-repellent coatings to prevent the spread of the disease in the absence of effective vaccines, antimicrobial agents, or therapeutics, wherein the deposition and penetration of pathogen droplets are prohibited. We use SARS-CoV-2 as a model pathogen and find that SARS-CoV-2 remnants are reduced by seven orders of magnitude on coated surfaces, yielding a repelling efficacy far outperforming the inactivation rate of disinfectants. The SARS-CoV-2 remnant scales exponentially with the liquid/solid adhesion, uncovering the mechanism and effective means for minimizing pathogen attachment. The antipathogen coating that both repels and inactivates pathogens is demonstrated by incorporating the super-liquid-repellent coating with antipathogen additives. Together with its versatility over a wide range of substrates and pathogens, the novel antipathogen coating is of considerable value for infection control in everyday life as well as during pandemics.
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Corrigendum to "Protection of Granulocyte-colony Stimulating Factor to Hemorrhagic Brain Injuries and Its Involved Mechanisms: Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Aquaporin-4" [Neuroscience 260 (2014) 59-72]. Neuroscience 2021; 470:116-118. [PMID: 34312012 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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[Pulmonary papillary adenoma: report of a case]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 50:823-825. [PMID: 34405626 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20201117-00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:241102. [PMID: 34213926 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO-Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10^{-15}. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.
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Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:241102. [PMID: 34213926 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.241102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO-Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10^{-15}. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.
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Reducing pain through distraction therapy in small acute paediatric burns. Burns 2021; 47:1635-1638. [PMID: 33972148 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of patients who sustained small (low % total body surface area [TBSA]) burns are assessed in an outpatient setting. This can be a traumatic experience, particularly, for paediatric patients. During the initial assessment pharmacological and non-pharmacological adjuncts, such as distraction therapy, can be employed to provide an environment that may reduce and minimise distress. In this study, we investigated whether distraction therapy reduces objective pain scores during the outpatient assessment of small acute burns in children. METHODS Two cohorts of patients were formed. In the first group (group A), the children received analgesia and routine nursing care. In the second group (group B), the children received specialist distraction therapy in addition to the same analgesia and nursing care. We recorded patient demographics, TBSA, anatomical sites and mechanism of burn. The Wong Baker™ visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to convert perceived pain, as reported by the patient or parent, into a numerical value at three set intervals during the consultation. RESULTS 50 patients were recruited with 32 patients in group A and 18 in group B. A larger TBSA positively correlated with higher pain scores (p < 0.05). At the start of the consultation the mean pain score without distraction therapy was 1.55 and with specialist distraction therapy was 0.33 (p < 0.05). The mean peak pain score during dressing change without distraction therapy was 6.80 and with specialist distraction was 4.47 (p < 0.05). At the end of the procedure, the mean pain score was 2.12 without distraction therapy and with specialist distraction 1.75. CONCLUSION This study of pain scores in small acute paediatric burns has shown that distraction therapy provided by a qualified play specialist can reduce maximal pain by over 2 points on the Wong-Baker™ VAS. Consideration should be given to ensure that distraction therapy is available at all times during initial consultations for children who have sustained small burns.
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Early mandated social distancing is a strong predictor of reduction in peak daily new COVID-19 cases. Public Health 2021; 190:160-167. [PMID: 33317819 PMCID: PMC7577666 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mandated social distancing has been applied globally to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the beneficial effects of this community-based intervention have not been proven or quantified for the COVID-19 pandemic. STUDY DESIGN This is a regional population-level observational study. METHODS Using publicly available data, we examined the effect of timing of mandated social distancing on the rate of COVID-19 cases in 119 geographic regions, derived from 41 states within the United States and 78 other countries. The highest number of new COVID-19 cases per day recorded within a geographic unit was the primary outcome. The total number of COVID-19 cases in regions where case numbers had reached the tail end of the outbreak was an exploratory outcome. RESULTS We found that the highest number of new COVID-19 cases per day per million persons was significantly associated with the total number of COVID-19 cases per million persons on the day before mandated social distancing (β = 0.66, P < 0.0001). These findings suggest that if mandated social distancing is not initiated until the number of existing COVID-19 cases has doubled, the eventual peak would result in 58% more COVID-19 cases per day. Subgroup analysis on those regions where the highest number of new COVID-19 cases per day has peaked showed increase in β values to 0.85 (P < 0.0001). The total number of cases during the outbreak in a region was strongly predicted by the total number of COVID-19 cases on the day before mandated social distancing (β = 0.97, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Initiating mandated social distancing when the numbers of COVID-19 cases are low within a region significantly reduces the number of new daily COVID-19 cases and perhaps also reduces the total number of cases in the region.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In late 2019, a novel human coronavirus - severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) - emerged in Wuhan, China. This virus has caused a global pandemic involving more than 200 countries. SARS-CoV-2 is highly adapted to humans and readily transmits from person-to-person. AIM To investigate the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 under various environmental and pH conditions. The efficacies of various laboratory virus inactivation methods and home disinfectants against SARS-CoV-2 were investigated. METHODS The residual virus in dried form or in solution was titrated on to Vero E6 cells on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 after incubation at different temperatures. Viral viability was determined after treatment with various disinfectants and pH solutions at room temperature (20-25oC). FINDINGS SARS-CoV-2 was able to retain viability for 3-5 days in dried form or 7 days in solution at room temperature. SARS-CoV-2 could be detected under a wide range of pH conditions from pH 4 to pH 11 for several days, and for 1-2 days in stool at room temperature but lost 5 logs of infectivity. A variety of commonly used disinfectants and laboratory inactivation procedures were found to reduce viral viability effectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on environmental surfaces, and raises the possibility of faecal-oral transmission. Commonly used fixatives, nucleic acid extraction methods and heat inactivation were found to reduce viral infectivity significantly, which could ensure hospital and laboratory safety during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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066 In vivo tracking of antigen-specific skin-resident memory CD4+ T cells. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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A simple use of camera traps for photogrammetric estimation of wild animal traits. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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0388 Predictors of Incident Reduced Sleep Efficiency in Community-Dwelling Older Women. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
There is a paucity of longitudinal studies with sleep efficiency (SE) as an outcome measure. Our objective was to examine potential risk factors for incident reduced SE among community-dwelling women in late life.
Methods
We studied 700 women (mean age 82.5 [SD=3.0] years) with a SE ≥70% at the Year 16 (2002-04) visit of the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures with a follow-up measure of SE at the Year 20 (2006-08) visit. SE (percentage of time sleeping while in bed) at both visits was measured using a wrist actigraph with data collected for an average of four 24-hour periods. Women were classified as having incident reduced SE if they had SE <70% at Year 20. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between potential risk factors (demographics, lifestyle, use of medications, self-reported medical conditions, functional impairment, frailty, mental and physical health) at Year 16 and reduced SE at Year 20. The association of each candidate risk factor with reduced SE at Year 20 was examined in models adjusted for age, clinical site and continuous SE at Year 16. Candidate risk factors with Benjamin Hochberg false-discovery rate q-values <0.10 were included in a final multivariate model.
Results
Among the 700 eligible women, 62 (8.9%) developed incident reduced SE between the Year 16 and Year 20 visits. After adjusting for age, site and baseline SE, antidepressant use [OR=3.06; 95% CI: 1.50-6.25], benzodiazepine use [OR=2.97; 95% CI: 1.30-6.80] and the presence of hypertension [OR=2.83; 95% CI: 1.47-5.45] at Year 16 were independently associated with a higher odds of having reduced SE at follow-up.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that antidepressant use, benzodiazepine use and hypertension are risk factors or markers for the development of reduced sleep efficiency in older women. Future studies are warranted to examine the underlying mechanisms for these associations.
Support
The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) is supported by National Institutes of Health funding. The National Institute on Aging (NIA) provides support under the following grant numbers: R01 AG005407, R01 AR35582, R01 AR35583, R01 AR35584, R01 AG005394, R01 AG027574, and R01 AG027576.
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Clinical application of flap or flapless buccal surgery on the extractions of mesially/horizontally impacted 3rd molar with high or medium position impact: A comparative study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2020; 121:490-495. [PMID: 31931184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate and compare the clinical application of flap or flapless buccal surgery on the extractions of mesially/horizontally impacted 3rd molar with high or medium position impact in terms of the average surgery duration, number of root fracture, postoperative pain degree and duration, postoperative swelling degree and duration, degree of limitation of mouth opening. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was conducted of 28 patients who were examined and underwent bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular 3rd molar. One molar was randomly extracted with flap buccal surgery (Control Group, CG) and the other one with flapless buccal surgery (Experimental Group, EG) in the same patient. RESULTS Gender distribution, average age, average surgery duration and number of root fracture between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The postoperative pain degree, swelling degree and degree of limitation of mouth opening were all significantly greater in CG than EG. Moreover, the duration of postoperative pain and swelling were all were all significantly longer in CG than EG (0.01<P<0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with the flap buccal surgery on the extractions of mesially/horizontally impacted 3rd molar with high or medium position impact, the clinical use of the flapless buccal surgery is a safe and effective method with less swelling, pain and degree of limitation of mouth opening. However, we need further study based on the broader indications, a much larger number of patients included and a follow-up in the longer term to confirm our point.
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Immunoglobulin G galactosylation levels are decreased in systemic sclerosis patients and differ according to disease subclassification. Scand J Rheumatol 2019; 49:146-153. [PMID: 31538512 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2019.1641615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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983 Fatty-acid-binding protein 5 induces Th17 polarization in atopic dermatitis patients with allergic march. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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492 Identification of skin-resident Treg cells in allergen-specific immunotherapy mouse model. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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903 HMGB1 promotes hair growth via the modulation of prostaglandin metabolism. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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[Correlation between the changes of innate lymphoid cells in peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus and its clinical significance]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2019; 99:169-173. [PMID: 30669757 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the function and role of innate lymphoid cells in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at different disease activity levels. Methods: From Nov 2017 to May 2018, 40 patients with SLE and 15 age-matched healthy non-immune-related diseases controls were enrolled from Anhui provincial hospital. According to the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)-2K, the patients were divided into active group (n=20) and remission group (n=20). The frequency of ILCs, B cells, CD4+T and CD8+T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by flow cytometry. The subsets of ILCs in each group were compared with the subsets of B cells and T cell respectively. The levels of IL-4, IL-33 and IFN-γ in each group were tested by ELISA. Result: Compared with the control group, ILC1 percentage was significantly increased in SLE active group [(22.33%±2.52%) vs (14.56%±1.28%), P=0.018 1]; ILC2 percentage was decreased significantly in both remission group [(19.67%±1.83%) vs (42.48%±3.46%), P<0.000 1] and active group [(8.67%±0.83%) vs (19.67%±1.83%), P<0.000 1]; ILC3 percentage was decreased significantly in active group [(5.72%±1.08%) vs (14.35%±2.40%), P=0.001 3]. SLEDAI score was negatively correlated with the percentage of ILC2 (P=0.023 9) in all patients. The percentage of ILCs in the remission group (P=0.046 2) and activity group (P=0.003 7) were both increased significantly. Moreover, the percentage of ILC2 in active group was negatively correlated with CD4+T cells (P=0.030 8), and the serum IgG was negatively correlated with ILC2% in all patients (P=0.013 8). Compared with control group or remission group, the levels of IFN-γ (F=10.91, P=0.000 1) and IL-4 (F=6.046, P=0.004 7) in active group were remarkable higher. However, IL-33 was significantly reduced in active group (F=6.645, P=0.002 7). The percentage of ILC2 (r=0.154 3, P=0.028 8) and ILC3 (r=0.313 6, P=0.001 1) in all patients with SLE were positively correlated with the level of IL-4. Conclusion: The percentage of ILCs is related to disease activity, and ILCs play a "double-edged" role in the pathogenesis of SLE. Its function and mechanism are worth further exploration.
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Allergen-specific immunotherapy induces regulatory T cells in an atopic dermatitis mouse model. Allergy 2018; 73:1801-1811. [PMID: 29679487 DOI: 10.1111/all.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated that allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) can be an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD). However, there is no relevant mouse model to investigate the mechanism and validate the novel modality of SIT in AD. METHODS NC/Nga mice with induced AD-like skin lesions received a subcutaneous injection of SIT (an extract of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae [DfE]) or placebo for 5 weeks). Clinical and histological improvements of AD-like skin lesions were examined. The responses of local and systemic regulatory T (Treg) cells, natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, serum immunoglobulin, and T-cell cytokine response to DfE were evaluated to determine the underlying mechanism of the observed results. RESULTS Specific immunotherapy significantly improved AD-like skin lesions. Histologically, SIT decreased epidermal thickness and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, especially that of eosinophils. Concomitantly, SIT suppressed Th2 responses and induced local infiltration of Treg cells into the skin. Also, SIT induced the immunoglobulin G4 and attenuated allergen-specific immunoglobulin E. Furthermore, SIT induced local and systemic IL-10-producing Treg cells and regulatory NK cells. CONCLUSION We established a SIT model on AD mice and showed that our model correlates well with previous reports about SIT-treated patients. Also, we revealed NK cells as another possible resource of IL-10 in SIT. Based on our results, we suggest our SIT model as a useful tool to investigate mechanism of action of SIT and to validate the efficacy of new SIT modalities for the treatment of AD.
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P1007Combined therapy with left atrial appendage closure plus catheter ablation in a single procedure for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: chinese multi-center experience. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy564.p1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Comparison of Migraine Herbal Prescription Mechanisms Using Network. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jams.2018.08.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Pinewood nematode infection alters root mycoflora of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:554-563. [PMID: 29675985 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigates pinewood nematode's impacts on root mycoflora of Pinus tabulaeformis. METHODS AND RESULTS The biomass, colonization rate, community structure and diversity of root-associated fungi were investigated in pinewood nematode-infected and nematode-noninfected P. tabulaeformis. The results indicated that the roots of P. tabulaeformis were colonized highly by root-associated fungi, mainly ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) and dark septate endophytes. Infection of pinewood nematode was associated with a significant (P < 0·05) decrease in root colonization rates by ECMF, dark septate endophytes and total hyphae, as well as in fungal biomass in the roots. Illumina MiSeq sequences of tagged amplicons of 18S rDNA region revealed Basidiomycota (65·70%) and Ascomycota (34·14%) as the dominant root-associated fungi in roots of P. tabulaeformis. Among the detected operational taxonomic units (OTUs), ECMF and dark septate endophytes exhibited a higher relative abundance in trees infected by pinewood nematode compared with noninfected ones. CONCLUSIONS The infection of pinewood nematode altered the composition and OTU abundance of root-associated fungi community in P. tabulaeformis roots with a decrease in the biomass, species richness and diversity of root-associated fungi, as well as in the colonization rates and abundance of ECMF and dark septate endophytes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study is an important contribution for better understanding the interaction between pine wilt disease and root-associated fungi.
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Abstract No. 637 Stent-graft placement to treat central venous stenosis in hemodialysis patients: long-term results. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Evidence of an Improper Displacive Phase Transition in Cd_{2}Re_{2}O_{7} via Time-Resolved Coherent Phonon Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:047601. [PMID: 29437453 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.047601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We have used a combination of ultrafast coherent phonon spectroscopy, ultrafast thermometry, and time-dependent Landau theory to study the inversion symmetry breaking phase transition at T_{c}=200 K in the strongly spin-orbit coupled correlated metal Cd_{2}Re_{2}O_{7}. We establish that the structural distortion at T_{c} is a secondary effect through the absence of any softening of its associated phonon mode, which supports a purely electronically driven mechanism. However, the phonon lifetime exhibits an anomalously strong temperature dependence that decreases linearly to zero near T_{c}. We show that this behavior naturally explains the spurious appearance of phonon softening in previous Raman spectroscopy experiments and should be a prevalent feature of correlated electron systems with linearly coupled order parameters.
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Intracellular mature IL-37 suppresses tumor metastasis via inhibiting Rac1 activation. Oncogene 2017; 37:1095-1106. [PMID: 29106392 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
IL-37, a newly found anti-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family, has both extracellular and intracellular functions. Accumulating evidences indicate that it is also involved in tumor progression. However, the mechanism and its intracellular target are unclear. In this study, clinical data from 84 patients showed that loss or reduced expression of IL-37 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly associated with tumor metastasis. We further provided evidence that IL-37 inhibited effectively tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we uncovered a novel mechanism by which IL-37 suppressed tumor cell migration via its intracellular mature form (amino acids 46-218). Intracellular mature form of IL-37, but not its extracellular form, markedly inhibited migration of multiple kinds of tumor cells through inhibiting Rac1 activation. Mechanistically, intracellular mature IL-37 directly bound to the CAAX motif in the C-terminal hypervariable region of Rac1, and then inhibited Rac1 membrane translocation and subsequent downstream signaling. Our research identifies intracellular mature IL-37 as a novel endogenous inhibitor of Rac1. Given the crucial roles of Rac1 in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, intracellular mature IL-37 might serve as a potential strategy for the control of Rac1 activity and tumor progression.
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Abstract
FLUXNET15, the latest update of the longest global record of ecosystem carbon, water, and energy fluxes, features improved data quality, new data products, and more open data sharing policies.
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Genetic variants in FH are associated with renal histopathologic subtypes of lupus nephritis: a large cohort study from China. Lupus 2017; 26:1309-1317. [PMID: 28403670 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317702254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective Genetic variants in FH (complement factor H) were reported to associate with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study proposed that the genetic defects of FH in the susceptibility and in the development of lupus nephritis might be different. Methods This study enrolled 334 lupus nephritis patients, 269 SLE patients without clinical renal involvement and 350 controls. Two-step genotyping was performed. First, all the exons of the FH gene were fully sequenced in 100 lupus nephritis patients and 100 healthy controls. Second, genotyping of three common variants reported to be functional, rs1061170, rs800292 and rs6677604, was conducted in all the recruited individuals. Further, analysis of their associations with SLE/lupus nephritis susceptibility and the clinico-pathological parameters in the lupus nephritis group was performed. Results No significant differences were observed in allele and genotype frequencies of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms between lupus patients and controls. There was a significantly higher ratio of CC/CT genotypes of rs1061170 in lupus nephritis patients with class III than in the other two classes (class III vs. class IV vs. class V: 21.0% vs. 9.7% vs. 9.4%; P = .044). The rs6677604-GG genotype was observed to be associated with the absence of anti-ds DNA antibody ( P = .021), and the rs800292-TT genotype was associated with a higher level of circulating C3 ( P = 0.20) in lupus nephritis. Conclusion In an independent cohort, this is the first genetic association analysis focusing on FH genetic variants in Chinese lupus nephritis patients. It was found that the variants in the FH gene might affect the histopathologic subtypes and some clinical features of the disease.
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A charge density wave-like instability in a doped spin-orbit-assisted weak Mott insulator. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 16:200-203. [PMID: 28092687 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Layered perovskite iridates realize a rare class of Mott insulators that are predicted to be strongly spin-orbit coupled analogues of the parent state of cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Recent discoveries of pseudogap, magnetic multipolar ordered and possible d-wave superconducting phases in doped Sr2IrO4 have reinforced this analogy among the single layer variants. However, unlike the bilayer cuprates, no electronic instabilities have been reported in the doped bilayer iridate Sr3Ir2O7. Here we show that Sr3Ir2O7 realizes a weak Mott state with no cuprate analogue by using ultrafast time-resolved optical reflectivity to uncover an intimate connection between its insulating gap and antiferromagnetism. However, we detect a subtle charge density wave-like Fermi surface instability in metallic electron doped Sr3Ir2O7 at temperatures (TDW) close to 200 K via the coherent oscillations of its collective modes, which is reminiscent of that observed in cuprates. The absence of any signatures of a new spatial periodicity below TDW from diffraction, scanning tunnelling and photoemission based probes suggests an unconventional and possibly short-ranged nature of this density wave order.
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Prevalence and risk factors for functional bowel disorders in South China: a population based study using the Rome III criteria. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 27412422 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional bowel disorders (FBDs) such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) impact on quality of life and health care resources. It is uncertain whether patients with functional digestive symptoms have similar characteristics in different populations. This population-based study assessed the prevalence and identified risk factors for these disorders in South-East China. METHODS Five communities were selected at random and invitations distributed to a representative sample (block randomization). Questionnaires were completely supervised by investigators. Demographic and medical data with FBD symptoms (Rome III criteria), psychological condition, life event stress, and quality of life were collected. KEY RESULTS Functional bowel disorder prevalence was 41.6% in 1999/2115 (94.5%) completed questionnaires: 9.9% functional constipation (FC), 6.8% bloating (FB), 6.5% diarrhea (FD), 5.9% IBS (IBS-D 47.1%, IBS-M 23.9%, IBS-C 12.8%, IBS-U 16.2%), and 12.6% unspecified. Similar numbers of men and women had FBDs or IBS (overall; 51.3% male vs 48.7% female, P=.796); however, there was female predominance in FC (62.1%, P<.001) and FB (58.5%, P=.038). FBDs were associated with greater anxiety, depression, life event stress, and a lower quality of life compared with those without symptoms (all, P<.0001). Logistic regression identified medical co-morbidity, anxiety/depression, and life event stress as independent risk factors for these disorders. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Functional bowel disorders are as common in South China as in western populations. A similar number of men and women report FBDs and IBS. Only FC and FB are more prevalent in females. Independent risk factors associated with FBDs included physical and psychosocial stressors.
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Adjuvant chemotherapy with bevacizumab (i.p.) can prolong survival time of patients with advanced ovarian cancer after cytoreduction. Neoplasma 2016; 64:108-113. [PMID: 27881011 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2017_113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess whether adjuvant chemotherapy with bevacizumab intraperitoneal (i.p.) is better than adjuvant chemotherapy with bevacizumab intravenous (i.v.) or adjuvant chemotherapy only for patients with advanced ovarian cancer after cytoreduction. Selected patients with advanced ovarian cancer after cytoreduction were divided into three groups depend on their will: adjuvant chemotherapy only; adjuvant chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab intravenous (i.v.); adjuvant chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab intraperitoneal (i.p.). Patients in three groups were given 4-6 cycles of treatment and followed up for 3 years. posttreatment outcome, longterm survival and side effects were prospectively recorded and analyzed. Disease control rate (DCR) of three groups are 73.3%, 90.0%, 93.3% respectively (P<0.05). Remission rate (RR) and DCR of patients with bevacizumab intraperitoneal (i.p.) are better than that of patients with bevacizumab intravenous (i.v.) (P<0.05). The mean progression free survival (PFS) of patients with bevacizumab intraperitoneal (i.p.) (15.34 months) was longer than patients with bevacizumab intravenous (i.v.) (13.19 months), and both of two were longer than that of patients with adjuvant chemotherapy only (9.60 months) (χ2=52.11, P<0.001). The mean overall survival (OS) of patients with bevacizumab intraperitoneal (i.p.) (17.32 months) is longer than that of patients with adjuvant chemotherapy only (13.55 months) and patients with bevacizumab intravenous (i.v.) (15.17 months) (χ2=75.01, P<0.001). Incidence of hypertension and arrhythmia of groups with bevacizumab are higher than that of patients with adjuvant chemotherapy only (P<0.05). Standard chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab is reliable, safe and feasible for advanced ovarian cancer after cytoreduction without severe adverse effects. Bevacizumab intraperitoneal perfusion is better than that intravenous drip.
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Plasma Sfrp5 and adiponectin levels in relation to blood pressure among obese children. J Hum Hypertens 2016; 31:284-291. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Investigation of suitable starting doses of narrowband UVB in Asian vitiligo patients: a pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:894-897. [PMID: 27549434 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phototherapy is the preferred treatment modality for active and generalized vitiligo. One of the widely accepted consensus on starting dose of phototherapy is using a uniform dose of 280 mJ/cm2 regardless of patients' Fitzpatrick skin phototype (SPT). However, in many clinical experiences with Asian vitiligo patients, the protocol seems suboptimal. OBJECTIVE To gather more evidence on establishing a higher starting dosage for Asian vitiligo patients undergoing phototherapy. METHODS We enrolled generalized vitiligo patients with lesions sized adequate enough for phototest. Minimal erythema dose (MED) of vitiligo lesion and non-lesion was measured along with melanin index (MI). RESULTS Relatively, a wide range of MED and MI was observed even among patients with similar SPT. The range of MED for lesional skin was 300-700 mJ/cm2 and the MED for non-lesion was 500-800 mJ/cm2 . Correlation was noted between lesional MED and non-lesional MI (Spearman correlation, ρ = 0.664 [P < 0.036]) and mean lesional MED was approximately 65% of mean non-lesional MED. CONCLUSION Results from phototest and tolerability of patients to doses higher than 280 mJ/cm2 may indicate that higher starting doses might be appropriate for Asian vitiligo patients.
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Xanthoma-like multiple yellowish nodular colloid degeneration on the face and scalp. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 31:e195-e196. [PMID: 27550201 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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325 Biodegradable microneedle patch to increase the penetration of topical steroid in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Effects of fluid filling and blood parameters on lower limb free flap survival. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Self-reported lactose intolerance in clinic patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms: prevalence, risk factors, and impact on food choices. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:1138-46. [PMID: 26095206 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients complain of abdominal symptoms with dairy products; however, clinical and psychosocial factors associated with self-reported lactose intolerance (SLI) have not been assessed in large studies. In particular, data are lacking from lactase deficient populations. This prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of, and risk factors for, SLI in Chinese patients attending a gastroenterology clinic. METHODS Consecutive patients completed questionnaires to assess digestive health (Rome III), psychological state (HADS), life event stress (LES), food intake, and quality-of-life (SF-8). A representative sample completed genetic studies and hydrogen breath testing (HBT) at the clinically relevant dose of 20 g lactose. KEY RESULTS SLI was present in 411/910 (45%) clinic patients with functional abdominal symptoms. The genotype in all subjects was C/C-13910. A small number of novel SNPs in lactase promoter region were identified, including C/T-13908 which appeared to confer lactase persistence. Over half of the patients (54%) completed the 20 g lactose HBT with 58% (285/492) reporting typical symptoms. Positive and negative predictive values of SLI for abdominal symptoms during HBT were 60% and 44%, respectively. Psychological state and stress were not associated with SLI in clinic patients. SLI impacted on physical quality-of-life and was associated with reduced ingestion of dairy products, legumes, and dried fruit (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES In a lactase deficient population, approximately half of patients attending clinic with functional gastrointestinal symptoms reported intolerance to dairy products; however, SLI did not predict findings on 20 g lactose HBT. Independent of psychosocial factors, SLI impacted on quality-of-life and impacted on food choices with restrictions not limited to dairy products.
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Defining our destiny: trainee working group consensus statement on the future of emergency surgery training in the United Kingdom. World J Emerg Surg 2015; 10:26. [PMID: 26161133 PMCID: PMC4496942 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-015-0019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The United Kingdom National Health Service treats both elective and emergency patients and seeks to provide high quality care, free at the point of delivery. Equal numbers of emergency and elective general surgical procedures are performed, yet surgical training prioritisation and organisation of NHS institutions is predicated upon elective care. The increasing ratio of emergency general surgery consultant posts compared to traditional sub-specialities has yet to be addressed. How should the capability gap be bridged to equip motivated, skilled surgeons of the future to deliver a high standard of emergency surgical care? The aim was to address both training requirements for the acquisition of necessary emergency general surgery skills, and the formation of job plans for trainee and consultant posts to meet the current and future requirements of the NHS. Twenty nine trainees and a consultant emergency general surgeon convened as a Working Group at The Association of Surgeons in Training Conference, 2015, to generate a united consensus statement to the training requirement and delivery of emergency general surgery provision by future general surgeons. Unscheduled general surgical care provision, emergency general surgery, trauma competence, training to meet NHS requirements, consultant job planning and future training challenges arose as key themes. Recommendations have been made from these themes in light of published evidence. Careful workforce planning, education, training and fellowship opportunities will provide well-trained enthusiastic individuals to meet public and societal need.
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Critical role of retinoid/rexinoid signaling in mediating transformation and therapeutic response of NUP98-RARG leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 29:1153-62. [PMID: 25510432 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
While the nucleoporin 98-retinoic acid receptor gamma (NUP98-RARG) is the first RARG fusion protein found in acute leukemia, its roles and the molecular basis in oncogenic transformation are currently unknown. Here, we showed that homodimeric NUP98-RARG not only acquired unique nuclear localization pattern and ability of recruiting both RXRA and wild-type NUP98, but also exhibited similar transcriptional properties as RARA fusions found in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Using murine bone marrow retroviral transduction/transformation assay, we further demonstrated that NUP98-RARG fusion protein had gained transformation ability of primary hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, which was critically dependent on the C-terminal GLFG domain of NUP98 and the DNA binding domain (DBD) of RARG. In contrast to other NUP98 fusions, cells transformed by the NUP98-RARG fusion were extremely sensitive to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment. Interestingly, while pan-RXR agonists, SR11237 and LGD1069 could specifically inhibit NUP98-RARG transformed cells, mutation of the RXR interaction domain in NUP98-RARG had little effect on its transformation, revealing that therapeutic functions of rexinoid can be independent of the direct biochemical interaction between RXR and the fusion. Together, these results indicate that deregulation of the retinoid/rexinoid signaling pathway has a major role and may represent a potential therapeutic target for NUP98-RARG-mediated transformation.
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Structural distortion-induced magnetoelastic locking in Sr(2)IrO(4) revealed through nonlinear optical harmonic generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:096404. [PMID: 25793834 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.096404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a global structural distortion in Sr_{2}IrO_{4} using spatially resolved optical second and third harmonic generation rotational anisotropy measurements. A symmetry lowering from an I4_{1}/acd to I4_{1}/a space group is observed both above and below the Néel temperature that arises from a staggered tetragonal distortion of the oxygen octahedra. By studying an effective superexchange Hamiltonian that accounts for this lowered symmetry, we find that perfect locking between the octahedral rotation and magnetic moment canting angles can persist even in the presence of large noncubic local distortions. Our results explain the origin of the forbidden Bragg peaks recently observed in neutron diffraction experiments and reconcile the observations of strong tetragonal distortion and perfect magnetoelastic locking in Sr_{2}IrO_{4}.
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