1
|
Nguyen HD, Le LTM, Nguyen T, Nguyen DT, Pham TH, Phap T, Nguyen CN. First report of the damaging pest Meloidogyne enterolobii parasitizing mulberry ( Morus alba L.) in Vietnam. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38386305 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-23-2727-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is highly important crop in Vietnam, playing a key role in the country's economy through sericulture, food supply, pharmaceuticals, and beverage industries (Nguyen et al., 2018; Rohela et al., 2020). Recently, many mulberry-growing areas in Lam Dong, Vietnam have reported severe symptoms associated with nematode infection, including yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and severe root galling, leading to a significant decline in mulberry productivity. From April to December 2022, twenty soil and root samples from mulberry-growing areas in Lam Dong (Da Teh: 11°28'48.11"N; 107°28'23.74"E elevation: 133m; Lam Ha 11°48'25.13"N; 108°14'7.13"E elevation: 848m) were collected to uncover the presence of Meloidogyne enterolobii parasitizing mulberry in Vietnam. One nematode population was randomly selected for characterizing in this study among analyzed nematode populations. Females were extracted from heavily galled roots (Fig. S1) from a single mulberry tree in Lam Dong, Vietnam, using a needle and forceps (Subbotin et al., 2021). The perineal patterns of adult females (n = 10) have an oval shape, with clearly visible phasmids, along with a prominently high and squared dorsal arch. The striae are smooth and coarse, while the perivulval region remains devoid of striae. The lateral lines appear indistinct, and the tail tip is easily observable. Morphometric measurements were as follows: body length = 585 ± 78 (464-724) µm, body width = 367 ± 75 (271-529) µm, neck length = 221.5 ± 30.7 (167-269.6) µm, stylet length = 13.1 ± 1.2 (11.4-15.1) µm, vulva-slit length 16.3±2.3 (10.4-18) µm, vulva-anus distance = 16.8±3.0 (11.4-18) µm, anus-tail tip distance = 10.3±2.1 (6.9-14.2) µm, interphasmidial distance = 15.9 ± 3.7 (10.3-23.4) µm. The morphology of this nematode population is highly in agreement with the original description of M. enterolobii (Yang & Eisenback, 1983). This population was also identified using the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA (Powers et al., 2017; Subbotin et al., 2006) regions. The D2-D3 of 28S rRNA sequences from this study (accession numbers: OR889633) exhibited 99.5-99.8% similarity to the sequences of M. enterolobii from GenBank (accession numbers: OR214950 and ON496981). While the 18S rRNA sequences (accession numbers: OR896547) showed 99.2-99.3% similarity to the sequences of M. enterolobii from GenBank (accession numbers: MZ955995, MZ531901, and MW488150). To carry out Koch's postulates, 2000 J2s from collected M. enterolobii egg masses (initial population) were inoculated on two-month-old plantlets of mulberry (n = 6), planted on 2L pots within a screenhouse, non-inoculated plantlets (n=6) served as negative controls. After 90 days post-inoculation, nematode reproduction factors (RF = final density (nematodes were extracted from the whole root system and corresponding soil samples (Subbotin et al., 2021)) / initial population) and root damage symptoms were evaluated. The inoculated plantlets exhibited consistent yellowing leaves, stunting, and root galling symptoms (Fig. S1), mirroring observations from the field, with an average RF of 11.5. Control plants displayed no symptoms. Root-knot nematodes extracted from the roots were identified as M. enterolobii through molecular analyses of D2-D3 of 28S and 18S rRNA regions (GenBank accession numbers: OR889634 (D2-D3 of 28S) and OR896548 (18S)), thereby confirming that mulberry acts as a host for M. enterolobii. Currently, this nematode has been reported to be associated with two different host plants, including guava (Trinh et al., 2022) and pomelo (Le et al., 2023). Our discovery marks the first documented case of Meloidogyne enterolobii parasitizing mulberry in Vietnam. While the impact on mulberry productivity remains to be really important for sericulture food supply, pharmaceuticals, and beverage industries; the aggressive nature of M. enterolobii, as observed in the field and confirmed by the screenhouse tests, raises concerns about potential economic losses in mulberry production. Therefore, further investigations are needed to assess the extent of M. enterolobii infestation in mulberry orchards and to develop effective control measures to safeguard the sustainability of mulberry cultivation in Vietnam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H D Nguyen
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, 166265, Ha Noi, Viet Nam;
| | - Linh Thi Mai Le
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, 630618, Nematology, Hanoi, Viet Nam;
| | - Tien Nguyen
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, 630618, Nematology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 10000;
| | - Duyen Thi Nguyen
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, 630618, Nematology, Hanoi, Viet Nam;
| | - Thi Hoa Pham
- Lam Dong provincial project management unit, Da Lat, Viet Nam;
| | - Trinh Phap
- Institute of Ecology Biological Resources, Nematology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 100000;
| | - Chau Ngoc Nguyen
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, 630618, Nematology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay Dist, Hanoi, Hanoi, Viet Nam, 10000;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nguyen HD, Kim YE, Nhat Nguyen LT, Kwak IH, Lee YK, Kim YJ, Hai Nguyen TT, Pham HN, Ma HI. Upregulation of immunoproteasome PSMB8 is associated with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 114:105797. [PMID: 37562243 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoproteasome, a part of ubiquitin-proteasome system, is involved in immune response as well as protein degradation. However, the relationship between immunoproteasome and Parkinson's disease (PD) was not evaluated clearly. We hypothesized that the shift of immunoproteasome attributes to PD pathogenesis due to its role in inflammation and protein homeostasis. OBJECTIVE To determine whether immunoproteasome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and brain is expressed differently between patients with PD and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Blood samples were collected from 19 HC to 40 patients with PD of comparable ages. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and followed by RT-qPCR to measure the mRNA levels of three catalytic subunits of immunoproteasome, namely, PSMB8, PSMB9, and PSMB10. Then, the protein levels of each subunit were measured by western blot. Finally, we confirmed the altered immunoproteasome subunit in the post-mortem human brain of PD. RESULTS In PBMCs, PSMB8 mRNA expression of PD group significantly increased compared to HC (p = 0.004), whereas PSMB9 and PSMB10 mRNA were not different between the PD and HC. The ratio of PSMB10 and PSMB8 mRNA (PSMB10/8 ratio) also reflected the significant difference between the PD and HC (p = 0.002). The PSMB10/8 ratio was well correlated with the UPDRS total and Part III score in the early stage of PD (Hoehn and Yahr ≤2.5) or drug-naïve PD subgroups. In terms of the protein level of immunoproteasome subunits in PBMCs, the increase of PSMB8 protein was observed in PD compared to HC (p = 0.0009), while PSMB9 and PSMB10 were not different between groups. Finally, we confirmed that immunoproteasome PSMB8 was expressed abundantly in the postmortem PD brain compared with normal control. CONCLUSION Our novel findings implicate that immunoproteasome PSMB8 is engaged in PD pathomechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huu Dat Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| | - Young Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea; Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea.
| | - Linh Thi Nhat Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| | - In Hee Kwak
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea; Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Thanh Thi Hai Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| | - Hong Ngoc Pham
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| | - Hyeo-Il Ma
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea; Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, 14068, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bolton C, Smith CG, McNeece A, Sultan S, Alexiou V, Hackland A, Crook J, Nguyen HD, Champions C, Thyagarajan M, Shiekh Z, Cotter C, Nisa PR, Al-Abadi E, Chippington S, Compeyrot-Lacassagne S, Filer A, Wedderburn L, Croft A. OA32 Minimally invasive, ultrasound-guided tissue biopsies of synovial tissue in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis for research: a feasibility study. Rheumatol Adv Pract 2022. [PMCID: PMC9515816 DOI: 10.1093/rap/rkac066.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction/Background When investigating disease mechanisms, site-specific differences in immune cell phenotype and function have highlighted the need to analyse cellular and molecular mechanisms at the tissue site directly. In adults, the ability to obtain synovial tissue biopsies using ultrasound-guided techniques, combined with advanced tissue analytics, has revolutionised our understanding of the cellular ecosystem that operates within the joint and how it contributes to disease. However, a similar approach in paediatric disease is lacking. Description/Method Aims: 1) To describe the protocol for undertaking minimally invasive ultrasound-guided synovial tissue biopsies in children and young people with arthritis, for the purpose of research, alongside routine clinical care. 2) To investigate whether high-quality synovial tissue can be obtained that is suitable for downstream applications including single cell profiling technologies, histology and digital spatial profiling. Treatment-naïve children with a diagnosis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, who were being referred for a corticosteroid joint injection were recruited from two large UK Paediatric Rheumatology centres. We established a workflow pipeline for performing synovial tissue biopsies in child and young people with arthritis, using standardised procedures for biopsy and sample processing. Procedures were performed by experienced paediatric interventional radiologists with experience of joint biopsy for diagnostic purposes. Following a general anaesthetic, required as part of routine clinical care and the establishment of sterility, synovial fluid was aspirated. Needle-biopsies were undertaken from the same needle insertion site and subsequently corticosteroid was injected into the joint. Thickened synovium was graded via ultrasonography. Participating families completed questionnaires prior to and following synovial biopsy. Discussion/Results 11 participants were recruited to the study over a nine month period, with a median age of 7 years (range 1-16 years); 91% were female. Samples obtained included core synovial biopsies, paired synovial fluid and peripheral blood. Synovial tissue fragments were processed for histology by formalin fixation and cryopreserved for downstream applications, including RNA sequencing and cell culture. Quality control indices included histological analysis to ensure the biopsied material was characteristically synovium and to grade the severity of inflammation. No significant complications were reported; however, one child had a mild haemarthrosis controlled with cold saline wash out and cold compresses. Key learning points/Conclusion Obtaining biopsies of synovial tissue in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis for the purpose of research, alongside clinical care is feasible. Analysis of tissue direct from the site of inflammation with single-cell RNA sequencing in children is achievable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Bolton
- UCL GOS ICH , London, United Kingdom
- NIHR BRC at GOSH , London, United Kingdom
| | - C G Smith
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - A McNeece
- UCL GOS ICH , London, United Kingdom
| | - S Sultan
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - V Alexiou
- UCL GOS ICH , London, United Kingdom
- NIHR BRC at GOSH , London, United Kingdom
| | - A Hackland
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J Crook
- UCL GOS ICH , London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M Thyagarajan
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Z Shiekh
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C Cotter
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - P Reis Nisa
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - E Al-Abadi
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Chippington
- Great Ormond Street Hospital , London, United Kingdom
- NIHR BRC at GOSH , London, United Kingdom
| | - S Compeyrot-Lacassagne
- Great Ormond Street Hospital , London, United Kingdom
- NIHR BRC at GOSH , London, United Kingdom
| | - A Filer
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - L Wedderburn
- UCL GOS ICH , London, United Kingdom
- Great Ormond Street Hospital , London, United Kingdom
- NIHR BRC at GOSH , London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Croft
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR BRC at Birmingham , Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nguyen HD, Moreno E, Rudenko A, Faure N, Sedao X, Mauclair C, Colombier JP, Stoian R. Super-efficient drilling of metals with ultrafast non diffractive laser beams. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2074. [PMID: 35136107 PMCID: PMC8827059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient drilling process is found in non-transparent metallic materials enabled by the use of non-diffractive ultrafast Bessel beams. Applied for deep drilling through a 200 μm-thick steel plate, the Bessel beam demonstrates twofold higher drilling efficiency compared to a Gaussian beam of similar fluence and spot size. Notwithstanding that surface ablation occurs with the same efficiency for both beams, the drilling booster results from a self-replication and reconstruction of the beam along the axis, driven by internal reflections within the crater at quasi-grazing incidence, bypassing potential obstacles. The mechanism is the consequence of an oblique wavevectors geometry with low angular dispersion and generates a propagation length beyond the projection range allowed by the geometry of the channel. With only the main lobe being selected by the channel entrance, side-wall reflection determines the refolding of the lobe on the axis, enhancing and replicating the beam multiple times inside the channel. The process is critically assisted by the reduction of particle shielding enabled by the intrinsic self-healing of the Bessel beam. Thus the drilling process is sustained in a way which is uniquely different from that of the conventional Gaussian beam, the latter being damped within its Rayleigh range. These mechanisms are supported and quantified by Finite Difference Time Domain calculations of the beam propagation. The results show key advantages for the quest towards efficient laser drilling and fabrication processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huu Dat Nguyen
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Enrique Moreno
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Anton Rudenko
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Nicolas Faure
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Xxx Sedao
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France.,GIE Manutech-USD, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Cyril Mauclair
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France.,GIE Manutech-USD, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Colombier
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Razvan Stoian
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Université Jean Monnet, 42000, Saint-Étienne, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nguyen LTN, Nguyen HD, Kim YJ, Nguyen TT, Lai TT, Lee YK, Ma HI, Kim YE. Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Parkinson's Disease and Therapeutic Considerations. J Parkinsons Dis 2022; 12:2117-2133. [PMID: 35988226 PMCID: PMC9661339 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with two main pathological features: misfolded α-synuclein protein accumulation and neurodegeneration. Inflammation has recently been identified as a contributor to a cascade of events that may aggravate PD pathology. Inflammasomes, a group of intracellular protein complexes, play an important role in innate immune responses to various diseases, including infection. In PD research, accumulating evidence suggests that α-synuclein aggregations may activate inflammasomes, particularly the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-leucine-rich repeat-pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) type, which exacerbates inflammation in the central nervous system by secreting proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β. Afterward, activated NLRP3 triggers local microglia and astrocytes to release additional IL-1β. In turn, the activated inflammatory process may contribute to additional α-synuclein aggregation and cell loss. This review summarizes current research evidence on how the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to PD pathogenesis, as well as potential therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linh Thi Nhat Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Huu Dat Nguyen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Tinh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Thuy Thi Lai
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Hyeo-il Ma
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
- Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Young Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
- Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen HD, Stadnyk A. A55 INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF ENDOGENOUS INTERLEUKIN-10 IN INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL CELLS AND HOMEOSTASIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab002.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
IL-10 is appreciated for its potent anti-inflammatory effects on leukocytes in mucosal immunity. However, far less attention has been paid to the impact of IL-10 on epithelial cells, which make up the crucial barrier interface between the host mucosa and the external environment. Furthermore, most studies examine the effects of exogenous IL-10, disregarding the possible presence and function of autocrine or paracrine IL-10 in the epithelium.
Aims
Using ex vivo organoids we aimed to examine the small intestinal epithelium for IL-10 and dissect any role for endogenously produced cytokine.
Methods
We growed small intestinal organoids (enteroids) from crypts isolated from C57BL/6 mice (WT) and IL-10-gene knockout mice (IL-10KO). Cellular markers were characterized through qpCR, while IL-10 and IL-10 receptor localization was characterized though immunofluorescence.
Results
We discovered that cells in WT enteroids expressed IL-10 and IL-10R1 constitutively throughout development. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that IL-10 localizes to Paneth cells and appears to be secreted apically. Having established that IL-10 is secreted in enteroids, we compared enteroids from IL-10KO versus WT mice. IL-10KO enteroids developed to morphologically resemble WT enteroids; however, we detected an imbalance with lower secretory cell markers over absorptive cell types in the IL-10KO enteroids, measured as less mRNA for lysozyme, cryptdins and mucin-2. Addition of IL-10 to IL-10KO enteroids did not correct these defects, but did ameliorate the lineage balance by reducing absorptive cell lineage markers (sucrose isomaltase). IL-10R1 was localized on both apical and basolateral side of cell in enteroids. We suspect that epithelial-derived IL-10 likely acts on apical IL-10R, which may conduct a different response from basolateral receptor stimulation.
Conclusions
In conclusion, IL-10 is present in the small intestinal epithelium; more remains to be determined regarding the role this cytokine plays in gut development and homeostasis.
Funding Agencies
NSERC
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H D Nguyen
- Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - A Stadnyk
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nguyen HD, Sedao X, Mauclair C, Bidron G, Faure N, Moreno E, Colombier JP, Stoian R. Non-Diffractive Bessel Beams for Ultrafast Laser Scanning Platform and Proof-Of-Concept Side-Wall Polishing of Additively Manufactured Parts. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:E974. [PMID: 33143011 PMCID: PMC7693589 DOI: 10.3390/mi11110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the potential use of non-diffractive Bessel beam for ultrafast laser processing in additive manufacturing environments, its integration into a fast scanning platform, and proof-of-concept side-wall polishing of stainless steel-based additively fabricated parts. We demonstrate two key advantages of the zeroth-order Bessel beam: the significantly long non-diffractive length for large tolerance of sample positioning and the unique self-reconstruction property for un-disrupted beam access, despite the obstruction of metallic powders in the additive manufacturing environment. The integration of Bessel beam scanning platform is constructed by finely adapting the Bessel beam into a Galvano scanner. The beam sustained its good profile within the scan field of 35 × 35 mm2. As a proof of concept, the platform showcases its advanced capacity by largely reducing the side-wall surface roughness of an additively as-fabricated workpiece from Ra 10 μm down to 1 μm. Therefore, the demonstrated Bessel-Scanner configuration possesses great potential for integrating in a hybrid additive manufacturing apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huu Dat Nguyen
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Xxx Sedao
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
- GIE Manutech-USD, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Cyril Mauclair
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
- GIE Manutech-USD, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | | | - Nicolas Faure
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Enrique Moreno
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Colombier
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Razvan Stoian
- Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR 5516 CNRS, Institute of Optics Graduate School, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42000 Saint-Etienne, France; (H.D.N.); (X.S.); (N.F.); (E.M.); (J.-P.C.); (R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fox GJ, Nguyen VN, Dinh NS, Nghiem LPH, Le TNA, Nguyen TA, Nguyen BH, Nguyen HD, Tran NB, Nguyen TL, Le TN, Nguyen VH, Phan TL, Nguyen KC, Ho J, Pham DC, Britton WJ, Bestrashniy JRBM, Marks GB. Post-treatment Mortality Among Patients With Tuberculosis: A Prospective Cohort Study of 10 964 Patients in Vietnam. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 68:1359-1366. [PMID: 30202910 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is the leading infectious cause of death. Steep reductions in tuberculosis-related mortality are required to realize the World Health Organization's "End Tuberculosis Strategy." However, accurate mortality estimates are lacking in many countries, particularly following discharge from care. This study aimed to establish the mortality rate among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Vietnam and to quantify the excess mortality in this population. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study among adult patients treated for smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 70 clinics across Vietnam. People living in the same households were recruited as controls. Participants were re-interviewed and their survival was established at least 2 years after their treatment with an 8-month standardized regimen. The presence of relapse was established by linking identifying data on patients and controls to clinic registries. Verbal autopsies were performed. The cumulative mortality among patients was compared to that among a control population, adjusting for age and gender. RESULTS We enrolled 10964 patients and 25707 household controls. Among enrolled tuberculosis patients, 9% of patients died within a median follow-up period of 2.9 years: 342 (3.1%) during treatment and 637 (5.8%) after discharge. The standardized mortality ratio was 4.0 (95% confidence interval 3.7-4.2) among patients with tuberculosis, compared to the control population. Tuberculosis was the likely cause of death for 44.7% of these deceased patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients treated for tuberculosis had a markedly elevated risk of death, particularly in the post-treatment period. Interventions to reduce tuberculosis mortality must enhance the early detection of drug-resistance, improve treatment effectiveness, and address non-communicable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G J Fox
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V N Nguyen
- National Lung Hospital, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - N S Dinh
- National Lung Hospital, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - L P H Nghiem
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T N A Le
- National Lung Hospital, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T A Nguyen
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B H Nguyen
- National Lung Hospital, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - H D Nguyen
- Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N B Tran
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T L Nguyen
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T N Le
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V H Nguyen
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T L Phan
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K C Nguyen
- National Lung Hospital, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - J Ho
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - D C Pham
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - W J Britton
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.,Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - G B Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, New South Wales, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Stern SA, Weaver HA, Spencer JR, Olkin CB, Gladstone GR, Grundy WM, Moore JM, Cruikshank DP, Elliott HA, McKinnon WB, Parker JW, Verbiscer AJ, Young LA, Aguilar DA, Albers JM, Andert T, Andrews JP, Bagenal F, Banks ME, Bauer BA, Bauman JA, Bechtold KE, Beddingfield CB, Behrooz N, Beisser KB, Benecchi SD, Bernardoni E, Beyer RA, Bhaskaran S, Bierson CJ, Binzel RP, Birath EM, Bird MK, Boone DR, Bowman AF, Bray VJ, Britt DT, Brown LE, Buckley MR, Buie MW, Buratti BJ, Burke LM, Bushman SS, Carcich B, Chaikin AL, Chavez CL, Cheng AF, Colwell EJ, Conard SJ, Conner MP, Conrad CA, Cook JC, Cooper SB, Custodio OS, Dalle Ore CM, Deboy CC, Dharmavaram P, Dhingra RD, Dunn GF, Earle AM, Egan AF, Eisig J, El-Maarry MR, Engelbrecht C, Enke BL, Ercol CJ, Fattig ED, Ferrell CL, Finley TJ, Firer J, Fischetti J, Folkner WM, Fosbury MN, Fountain GH, Freeze JM, Gabasova L, Glaze LS, Green JL, Griffith GA, Guo Y, Hahn M, Hals DW, Hamilton DP, Hamilton SA, Hanley JJ, Harch A, Harmon KA, Hart HM, Hayes J, Hersman CB, Hill ME, Hill TA, Hofgartner JD, Holdridge ME, Horányi M, Hosadurga A, Howard AD, Howett CJA, Jaskulek SE, Jennings DE, Jensen JR, Jones MR, Kang HK, Katz DJ, Kaufmann DE, Kavelaars JJ, Keane JT, Keleher GP, Kinczyk M, Kochte MC, Kollmann P, Krimigis SM, Kruizinga GL, Kusnierkiewicz DY, Lahr MS, Lauer TR, Lawrence GB, Lee JE, Lessac-Chenen EJ, Linscott IR, Lisse CM, Lunsford AW, Mages DM, Mallder VA, Martin NP, May BH, McComas DJ, McNutt RL, Mehoke DS, Mehoke TS, Nelson DS, Nguyen HD, Núñez JI, Ocampo AC, Owen WM, Oxton GK, Parker AH, Pätzold M, Pelgrift JY, Pelletier FJ, Pineau JP, Piquette MR, Porter SB, Protopapa S, Quirico E, Redfern JA, Regiec AL, Reitsema HJ, Reuter DC, Richardson DC, Riedel JE, Ritterbush MA, Robbins SJ, Rodgers DJ, Rogers GD, Rose DM, Rosendall PE, Runyon KD, Ryschkewitsch MG, Saina MM, Salinas MJ, Schenk PM, Scherrer JR, Schlei WR, Schmitt B, Schultz DJ, Schurr DC, Scipioni F, Sepan RL, Shelton RG, Showalter MR, Simon M, Singer KN, Stahlheber EW, Stanbridge DR, Stansberry JA, Steffl AJ, Strobel DF, Stothoff MM, Stryk T, Stuart JR, Summers ME, Tapley MB, Taylor A, Taylor HW, Tedford RM, Throop HB, Turner LS, Umurhan OM, Van Eck J, Velez D, Versteeg MH, Vincent MA, Webbert RW, Weidner SE, Weigle GE, Wendel JR, White OL, Whittenburg KE, Williams BG, Williams KE, Williams SP, Winters HL, Zangari AM, Zurbuchen TH. Initial results from the New Horizons exploration of 2014 MU 69, a small Kuiper Belt object. Science 2019; 364:364/6441/eaaw9771. [PMID: 31097641 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw9771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Kuiper Belt is a distant region of the outer Solar System. On 1 January 2019, the New Horizons spacecraft flew close to (486958) 2014 MU69, a cold classical Kuiper Belt object approximately 30 kilometers in diameter. Such objects have never been substantially heated by the Sun and are therefore well preserved since their formation. We describe initial results from these encounter observations. MU69 is a bilobed contact binary with a flattened shape, discrete geological units, and noticeable albedo heterogeneity. However, there is little surface color or compositional heterogeneity. No evidence for satellites, rings or other dust structures, a gas coma, or solar wind interactions was detected. MU69's origin appears consistent with pebble cloud collapse followed by a low-velocity merger of its two lobes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Stern
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
| | - H A Weaver
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J R Spencer
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - C B Olkin
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - G R Gladstone
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - W M Grundy
- Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
| | - J M Moore
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - D P Cruikshank
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - H A Elliott
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - W B McKinnon
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - J Wm Parker
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - A J Verbiscer
- Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - L A Young
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - D A Aguilar
- Independent consultant, Carbondale, CO 81623, USA
| | - J M Albers
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - T Andert
- Universität der Bundeswehr München, Neubiberg 85577, Germany
| | - J P Andrews
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - F Bagenal
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - M E Banks
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - B A Bauer
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - K E Bechtold
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - C B Beddingfield
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - N Behrooz
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - K B Beisser
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - S D Benecchi
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - E Bernardoni
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - R A Beyer
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - S Bhaskaran
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - C J Bierson
- Earth and Planetary Science Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - R P Binzel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - E M Birath
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - M K Bird
- Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53121, Germany.,Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung, Universität zu Köln, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - D R Boone
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - A F Bowman
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - V J Bray
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - D T Britt
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - L E Brown
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M R Buckley
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M W Buie
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - B J Buratti
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - L M Burke
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - S S Bushman
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - B Carcich
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.,Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - A L Chaikin
- Independent science writer, Arlington, VT 05250, USA
| | - C L Chavez
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - A F Cheng
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - E J Colwell
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - S J Conard
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M P Conner
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - C A Conrad
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - J C Cook
- Pinhead Institute, Telluride, CO 81435, USA
| | - S B Cooper
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - O S Custodio
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - C M Dalle Ore
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - C C Deboy
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - P Dharmavaram
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - G F Dunn
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - A M Earle
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A F Egan
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - J Eisig
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M R El-Maarry
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK
| | - C Engelbrecht
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - B L Enke
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - C J Ercol
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - E D Fattig
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - C L Ferrell
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - T J Finley
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - J Firer
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - W M Folkner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M N Fosbury
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - G H Fountain
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J M Freeze
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - L Gabasova
- University Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - L S Glaze
- NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
| | - J L Green
- NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
| | - G A Griffith
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - Y Guo
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M Hahn
- Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung, Universität zu Köln, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - D W Hals
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D P Hamilton
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - S A Hamilton
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J J Hanley
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - A Harch
- Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - K A Harmon
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - H M Hart
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J Hayes
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - C B Hersman
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M E Hill
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - T A Hill
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J D Hofgartner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M E Holdridge
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M Horányi
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - A Hosadurga
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A D Howard
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - C J A Howett
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - S E Jaskulek
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D E Jennings
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - J R Jensen
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M R Jones
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - H K Kang
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D J Katz
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D E Kaufmann
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - J J Kavelaars
- National Research Council of Canada, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
| | - J T Keane
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - G P Keleher
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M Kinczyk
- Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - M C Kochte
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - P Kollmann
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - S M Krimigis
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - G L Kruizinga
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - D Y Kusnierkiewicz
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M S Lahr
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - T R Lauer
- National Optical Astronomy Observatory, Tucson, AZ 26732, USA
| | - G B Lawrence
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J E Lee
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
| | | | - I R Linscott
- Independent consultant, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - C M Lisse
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A W Lunsford
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - D M Mages
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - V A Mallder
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - N P Martin
- Independent consultant, Crested Butte, CO 81224, USA
| | - B H May
- Independent collaborator, Windlesham GU20 6YW, UK
| | - D J McComas
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA.,Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - R L McNutt
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D S Mehoke
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - T S Mehoke
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - H D Nguyen
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J I Núñez
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A C Ocampo
- NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
| | - W M Owen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - G K Oxton
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A H Parker
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - M Pätzold
- Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung, Universität zu Köln, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | | | | | - J P Pineau
- Stellar Solutions, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA
| | - M R Piquette
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - S B Porter
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - S Protopapa
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - E Quirico
- University Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - J A Redfern
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - A L Regiec
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - D C Reuter
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - D C Richardson
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - J E Riedel
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M A Ritterbush
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - S J Robbins
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - D J Rodgers
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - G D Rogers
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D M Rose
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - P E Rosendall
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - K D Runyon
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M G Ryschkewitsch
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M M Saina
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - P M Schenk
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - J R Scherrer
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - W R Schlei
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - B Schmitt
- University Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - D J Schultz
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D C Schurr
- NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
| | - F Scipioni
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - R L Sepan
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - R G Shelton
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - M Simon
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - K N Singer
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - E W Stahlheber
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | - J A Stansberry
- Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - A J Steffl
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - D F Strobel
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - M M Stothoff
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - T Stryk
- Roane State Community College, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - J R Stuart
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M E Summers
- George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - M B Tapley
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - A Taylor
- KinetX Aerospace, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA
| | - H W Taylor
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - R M Tedford
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - H B Throop
- Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | - L S Turner
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - O M Umurhan
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - J Van Eck
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - D Velez
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - M H Versteeg
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - M A Vincent
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - R W Webbert
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - S E Weidner
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - G E Weigle
- Independent consultant, Burden, KS 67019, USA
| | - J R Wendel
- NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA
| | - O L White
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Science Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - K E Whittenburg
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | | | | | - S P Williams
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - H L Winters
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A M Zangari
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Savchuk OA, Carvajal JJ, Cesteros Y, Salagre P, Nguyen HD, Rodenas A, Massons J, Aguiló M, Díaz F. Mapping Temperature Distribution Generated by Photothermal Conversion in Graphene Film Using Er,Yb:NaYF 4 Nanoparticles Prepared by Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Method. Front Chem 2019; 7:88. [PMID: 30859096 PMCID: PMC6397865 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the mapping of temperature distribution generated by graphene in a glass slide cover after illumination at 808 nm with a good thermal resolution. For this purpose, Er,Yb:NaYF4 nanoparticles prepared by a microwave-assisted solvothermal method were used as upconversion luminescent nanothermometers. By tuning the basic parameters of the synthesis procedure, such as the time and temperature of reaction and the concentration of ethanol and water, we were able to control the size and the crystalline phase of the nanoparticles, and to have the right conditions to obtain 100% of the β hexagonal phase, the most efficient spectroscopically. We observed that the thermal sensitivity that can be achieved with these particles is a function of the size of the nanoparticles and the crystalline phase in which they crystallize. We believe that, with suitable changes, these nanoparticles might be used in the future to map temperature gradients in living cells while maintaining a good thermal resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr A Savchuk
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain.,Ultrafast Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Nanophotonics Department, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joan J Carvajal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Cesteros
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Catalytic Materials in Green Chemistry (GreenCat), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pilar Salagre
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Catalytic Materials in Green Chemistry (GreenCat), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Huu Dat Nguyen
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Airan Rodenas
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jaume Massons
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Aguiló
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Franscesc Díaz
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Golnaraghi A, Shahraeen N, Nguyen HD. Characterization and Genetic Structure of a Tospovirus Causing Chlorotic Ring Spots and Chlorosis Disease on Peanut; Comparison with Iranian and Polish Populations of Tomato yellow fruit ring virus. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1509-1519. [PMID: 30673421 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-17-1350-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A Tospovirus species was isolated from peanut plants showing chlorotic ring spots and chlorosis, and identified as Tomato yellow fruit ring virus (TYFRV) on the basis of its biological, serological, and molecular properties. In host range studies, a broad range of indicator plants was infected by the five isolates studied; all the isolates systemically infected Nicotiana tabacum cultivars and, thus, they were classified into the N-host-infecting type isolates of the virus. These isolates strongly reacted with TYFRV antibodies but not with the specific antibodies of other tospoviruses tested. Recombination analyses showed that the nucleoprotein gene of the peanut isolates and other isolates studied were nonrecombinant. In phylogenetic trees, the virus isolates were clustered in three genogroups: IRN-1, IRN-2, and a new group, POL; the peanut isolates fell into IRN-2 group. Multiple sequence alignments showed some genogroup-specific amino acid substitutions among the virus isolates studied. The results revealed the presence of negative selection in TYFRV populations. Also, the Iranian populations had higher nucleotide diversity compared with the Polish population. Genetic differentiation and gene flow analyses indicated that the populations from Iran and Poland and those belonging to different genogroups were partially differentiated populations. Our findings seem to suggest that there has been frequent gene flow between some populations of the virus in the mid-Eurasian region of Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Golnaraghi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 14515-775, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Shahraeen
- Department of Plant Virus Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Tehran, Iran
| | - H D Nguyen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Assumma L, Iojoiu C, Mercier R, Lyonnard S, Nguyen HD, Planes E. Synthesis of partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfone) multiblock copolymers bearing perfluorosulfonic functions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Assumma
- LEPMI, University of Grenoble; F-38000 Grenoble France
- LEPMI, CNRS; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Cristina Iojoiu
- LEPMI, University of Grenoble; F-38000 Grenoble France
- LEPMI, CNRS; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Régis Mercier
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR-5223, IMP@LYON1, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1; 15 Bd. A Latarjet 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX France
| | - Sandrine Lyonnard
- INAC/SPrAM, Groupe Polymères Conducteurs Ioniques, UMR-5819, CEA-CNRS-UJF, CEA-Grenoble; 17 Rue de Martyrs 38054 Grenoble CEDEX 9 France
| | - Huu Dat Nguyen
- LEPMI, University of Grenoble; F-38000 Grenoble France
- LEPMI, CNRS; F-38000 Grenoble France
| | - Emilie Planes
- LEPMI, CNRS; F-38000 Grenoble France
- LEPMI, University of Savoie; F-73000 Chambéry France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chiu KC, Boonsawat W, Cho SH, Cho YJ, Hsu JY, Liam CK, Muttalif AR, Nguyen HD, Nguyen VN, Wang C, Kwon N. Patients' beliefs and behaviors related to treatment adherence in patients with asthma requiring maintenance treatment in Asia. J Asthma 2014; 51:652-9. [PMID: 24580369 PMCID: PMC4133971 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2014.898772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To identify patients’ beliefs or behaviors related to treatment adherence and to assess association between asthma control and adherence in Asian patients with asthma. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of adult patients with asthma from specialist clinics in six Asian countries. Patients who were deemed by their treating physicians to require a maintenance treatment with an inhaler for at least 1 year were recruited. Patients completed a 12-item questionnaire related to health beliefs and behaviors, the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), the Asthma Control Test (ACT™), and the Standardized Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ-S). Results Of the 1054 patients recruited, 99% were current users of inhaled corticosteroids. The mean ACT score was 20.0 ± 4.5 and 64% had well-controlled asthma. The mean MMAS-8 score was 5.5 ± 2.0 and 53% were adherent. Adherence was significantly associated with patients’ understanding of the disease and inhaler techniques, and with patients’ acceptance of inhaler medicines in terms of benefits, safety, convenience, and cost (p < 0.01 for all). In multivariate analysis, three questions related to patients’ acceptance of inhaler medicines remained significantly associated with poor adherence, after adjusting for potential confounders: “I am not sure inhaler type medicines work well” (p = 0.001), “Taking medicines more than once a day is inconvenient” (p = 0.002), and “Sometimes I skip my inhaler to use it over a longer period” (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our study showed that patients’ acceptance of the benefits, convenience and cost of inhaler medications have a significant impact on treatment adherence in the participating Asian countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K-C Chiu
- Division of Chest, Department of Internal Medicine, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital , Luodong , Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Oramasionwu GE, Heilig CM, Udomsantisuk N, Kimerling ME, Eng B, Nguyen HD, Thai S, Keo C, McCarthy KD, Varma JK, Cain KP. The utility of stool cultures for diagnosing tuberculosis in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 17:1023-8. [PMID: 23827025 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) increases mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether stool culture improves the diagnosis of TB in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). DESIGN We analysed cross-sectional data of TB diagnosis in PLHIV in Cambodia, Thailand and Viet Nam. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between positive stool culture and TB, and to calculate the incremental yield of stool culture. RESULTS A total of 1693 PLHIV were enrolled with a stool culture result. Of 228 PLHIV with culture-confirmed TB from any site, 101 (44%) had a positive stool culture; of these, 91 (90%) had pulmonary TB (PTB). After adjusting for confounding factors, a positive stool culture was associated with smear-negative (odds ratio [OR] 26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12-58), moderately smear-positive (OR 60, 95%CI 23-159) and highly smear-positive (OR 179, 95%CI 59-546) PTB compared with no PTB. No statistically significant association existed with extra-pulmonary TB compared with no extra-pulmonary TB (OR 2, 95%CI 1-5). The incremental yield of one stool culture above two sputum cultures (5%, 95%CI 3-8) was comparable to an additional sputum culture (7%, 95%CI 4-11). CONCLUSION Nearly half of the PLHIV with TB had a positive stool culture that was strongly associated with PTB. Stool cultures may be used to diagnose TB in PLHIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G E Oramasionwu
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tran KH, Pham PMT, Nguyen HD, Quach HT, Vu TT, Do NT, Chu AQ. P2.136 Sexual Transmission Infection Situation in People Living with HIV (PLHIV)In 6 Provinces in Vietnam from 2008–2011. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
16
|
Tran KH, Nguyen HD, Pham PMT, Quach H, Vu TT, Do NTT, Chu AQ. P2.135 Situation of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Most HIV/AIDS Risk Populations (MARPs) in 8 Provinces in Vietnam. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
17
|
Thoroddsen ST, Nguyen HD, Takehara K, Etoh TG. Stick-slip substructure in rapid tape peeling. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 82:046107. [PMID: 21230345 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.046107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The peeling of adhesive tape is known to proceed with a stick-slip mechanism and produces a characteristic ripping sound. The peeling also produces light and when peeled in a vacuum, even X-rays have been observed, whose emissions are correlated with the slip events. Here we present direct imaging of the detachment zone when Scotch tape is peeled off at high speed from a solid surface, revealing a highly regular substructure, during the slip phase. The typical 4-mm-long slip region has a regular substructure of transverse 220 μm wide slip bands, which fracture sideways at speeds over 300 m/s. The fracture tip emits waves into the detached section of the tape at ∼ 100 m/s, which promotes the sound, so characteristic of this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Thoroddsen
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jordan MR, La H, Nguyen HD, Sheehan H, Lien TTM, Duong DV, Hellinger J, Wanke C, Tang AM. Correlates of HIV-1 viral suppression in a cohort of HIV-positive drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy in Hanoi, Vietnam. Int J STD AIDS 2009; 20:418-22. [PMID: 19451329 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Injection drug users bear the burden of HIV in Vietnam and are a focus of national treatment programmes. To date, determinants of successful therapy in this population are unknown. Substance use and clinical correlates of viral suppression were studied in 100 HIV-1-infected drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least six months in Hanoi, Vietnam. The mean age of the cohort was 29.9 + 4.9 years; all were men. A majority of patients (73%) achieved viral suppression (HIV-RNA <1000 copies/mL). Correlates of viral suppression include self-reported > or = 95% adherence (P < 0.01) and current use of trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (P < 0.01); current or ever diagnosed with tuberculosis was associated with viral non-suppression (P = 0.006). Tobacco use was prevalent (84%), and surprisingly 48% of patients reported active drug use; neither was associated with viral non-suppression. This is the first study to document successful ART treatment in a population of Vietnamese drug users; rates of viral suppression are comparable to other international populations. The 28% of patients without HIV-1 suppression highlight the need for adherence promotion, risk reduction programmes, and population-based surveillance strategies for assessing the emergence of HIV drug resistance in settings where access to viral load and drug resistance testing is limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Jordan
- Tufts Medical Center, Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Disease, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nguyen HD, McKeown B. Levosimendan for post-partum cardiomyopathy. CRIT CARE RESUSC 2005; 7:107-10. [PMID: 16548802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2005] [Accepted: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the use of levosimendan, a novel inotropic agent, for the treatment of post-partum cardiomyopathy (PPCMO). METHODS The authors present the second recorded use of levosimendan for a woman with PPCMO. RESULTS Levosimendan improved cardiac performance which was associated with symptomatic relief and echocardiographic improvement in ventricular function. The patient recovered from this episode of acute cardiac failure and continues to show steady improvement in cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS Levosimendan proved a useful agent when used as initial therapy in this case of PPCMO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H D Nguyen
- Intensive Care Unit, St John of God Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Materials and techniques currently used for bone replacement/repair conform to the current paradigm, relying on bone or bone products to produce bone or induce bone formation. Yet, nature forms and heals most of the skeleton by ossification of a cartilaginous model. In this study, we cultured aggregates of E10.5 or E12 mouse embryonic limb cells in the bioreactor for 3 weeks, determined the stages of cartilage differentiation attained, and assessed the ossification and bone healing potential of the spheroids by implantation adjacent to, or directly in, a skull defect. Cultured spheroids had large cartilaginous areas, sometimes with cellular arrangements characteristic of growth plate zones. Aggregates implanted for 2 weeks adjacent to a defect mineralized and ossified (histology, micro-CT). Defects with implants had a central mass of differentiated and differentiating bone, with osteoclast activity, filling the defect. Controls had considerable remodeling on the bone edges demarcating the still present defect. This study shows that cartilage, grown in the bioreactor for 3 weeks, ossified when implanted adjacent to a bone defect, and when implanted directly in a defect, contributed to its healing. Our ability to grow differentiated bone-forming cartilage for implantation is an alternative approach in the field of bone repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Montufar-Solis
- Dental Branch, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baek SH, Kioussi C, Briata P, Wang D, Nguyen HD, Ohgi KA, Glass CK, Wynshaw-Boris A, Rose DW, Rosenfeld MG. Regulated subset of G1 growth-control genes in response to derepression by the Wnt pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:3245-50. [PMID: 12629224 PMCID: PMC152277 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0330217100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pitx2 is a bicoid-related homeodomain factor that is required for effective cell type-specific proliferation directly activating a specific growth-regulating gene cyclin D2. Here, we report that Pitx2, in response to the Wntbeta-catenin pathway and growth signals, also can regulate c-Myc and cyclin D1. Investigation of molecular mechanisms required for Pitx2-dependent proliferation, in these cases, further supports a nuclear role for beta-catenin in preventing the histone deacetylase 1-dependent inhibitory functions of several DNA-binding transcriptional repressors, potentially including E2F4p130 pocket protein inhibitory complex, as well as lymphoid enhancer factor 1 and Pitx2, by dismissal of histone deacetylase 1 and loss of its enzymatic activity. Thus, beta-catenin plays a signal-integrating role in Wnt- and growth factor-dependent proliferation events in mammalian development by both derepressing several classes of repressors and by activating Pitx2, regulating the activity of several growth control genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Baek
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0648, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kioussi C, Briata P, Baek SH, Rose DW, Hamblet NS, Herman T, Ohgi KA, Lin C, Gleiberman A, Wang J, Brault V, Ruiz-Lozano P, Nguyen HD, Kemler R, Glass CK, Wynshaw-Boris A, Rosenfeld MG. Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development. Cell 2002; 111:673-85. [PMID: 12464179 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(02)01084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the cell type-specific molecular mechanisms by which distinct signaling pathways combinatorially control proliferation during organogenesis is a central issue in development and disease. Here, we report that the bicoid-related transcription factor Pitx2 is rapidly induced by the Wnt/Dvl/beta-catenin pathway and is required for effective cell-type-specific proliferation by directly activating specific growth-regulating genes. Regulated exchange of HDAC1/beta-catenin converts Pitx2 from repressor to activator, analogous to control of TCF/LEF1. Pitx2 then serves as a competence factor required for the temporally ordered and growth factor-dependent recruitment of a series of specific coactivator complexes that prove necessary for Cyclin D2 gene induction. The molecular strategy underlying interactions between the Wnt and growth factor-dependent signaling pathways in cardiac outflow tract and pituitary proliferation is likely to be prototypic of cell-specific proliferation strategies in other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chrissa Kioussi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, CMM-West, Room 345, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nguyen HD, Tan YH, Wong MYC, Nguyen HC. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the management of complex upper urinary tract calculi: the Singapore General Hospital experience. Ann Acad Med Singap 2002; 31:516-9. [PMID: 12161890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Presently, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a well-established and effective method of treating upper urinary tract stones at our institution. The aim of this paper was to evaluate a single surgeon's four-year experience of PCNL in the Singapore General Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 1996 and December 2000, 300 PCNLs were performed on 280 renal units. The mean age was 53.7 years. PCNL was performed on 57 complete staghorn calculi (20.4%), 83 partial staghorn calculi (29.6%), 66 large pelvic calculi (23.6%), 60 impacted uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) and upper ureteric stones (21.4%) that failed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and 14 symptomatic lower pole calculi (5%). RESULTS The stone-free rate on discharge was 88.2% (n = 247). At 3 months and 1-year post PCNL, the stone-free rate was 91.1% (n = 255) and 95.7% (n = 268), respectively. The average postoperative stay was 4.5 days. Complications included 1 urosepsis post-PCNL (0.4%) and 2 arterio-venous fistulae (0.7%). Only 1 patient (0.4%) required blood transfusion. Thirty-four patients (12.1%) required ESWL and 4 needed ureteroscopy (1.3%). CONCLUSION In experienced hands, the use of PCNL for upper urinary tract calculi is safe and effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H D Nguyen
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lamblin A, Nguyen HD, Alarcon B, Fontaine C, Chambon JP. [Decompensation of lower limb arteritis after bone and joint surgery]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 2001; 87:639-44. [PMID: 11845066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Decompensation of lower limb arteritis after bone and joint surgery is an unusual finding compared with the large number of procedures performed in both emergency and controlled settings. There is however a functional and limb-threatening risk that must not be overlooked. MATERIAL AND METHODS We report a series of 9 patients followed in our department over the last 3 years. Emergency surgery had been required in 6 patients after trauma and 3 had undergone a planned orthopedic procedure. All the patients had at least one vascular risk factor, and 7 of them had a cardiovascular history. The inaugural sign was a trophic disorder due to a grade IV decompensated arteritis in 8 patients, including 2 with nonunion. Delay to treatment ranged from 1 to 3 months. Acute embolic ischemia required emergency care in 1 patient. RESULTS A revascularization procedure was performed on 6 limbs and was successful in 3. There were also 6 amputations, three initially, 1 after septic shock and 2 because revascularization was impossible. Three of the amputations were required after failed revascularization. Prosthesis wearing and walking was possible in only two amputated patients. Overall rate of successful salvage was 33% (3 successful revascularizations among 9 limbs). One of the nonunions healed after revascularization; the limb was amputated for the other one. One patient died from septicemia. DISCUSSION Our series further illustrates the severity of decompensated arteritis after bone and joint surgery, emphasizing the importance of searching for cardiovascular risk factors and functional signs suggestive of a vascular disorder. Arterial duplex Doppler and if necessary arteriography of the lower limbs should be obtained in case of doubt. Two different situations can be distinguished depending on the predictable vascular risk and the localization of the planned bone reconstruction. If the patient has an asymptomatic proximal arteritis and bone and joint surgery is planned above the knee, a revascularization procedure would not appear necessary prior to bone surgery. In other cases, it may be more advisable to treat the arteritis before attempting bone surgery. For trauma victims, the osteosynthesis technique depends greatly on knowledge of the vascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Lamblin
- Service de Chirurgie adulte Ouest, Hôpital Huriez, CHU, 1, place de Verdun, 59037 Lille Cedex
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liang G, Salem CE, Yu MC, Nguyen HD, Gonzales FA, Nguyen TT, Nichols PW, Jones PA. DNA methylation differences associated with tumor tissues identified by genome scanning analysis. Genomics 1998; 53:260-8. [PMID: 9799591 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1998.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Most investigations on the role of DNA methylation in cancer have focused on epigenetic changes associated with known tumor suppressor genes. This may have led to an underestimation of the number of CpG islands altered by DNA methylation, since it is possible that a subset of unknown genes relevant to cancer development may preferentially be affected by epigenetic rather than genetic means and would not be identified as familial deletions, mutations, or loss of heterozygosity. We used a recently developed screening procedure (methylation-sensitive arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction to scan genomic DNA for CpG islands methylated in white blood cells (WBCs) and in tumor tissues. DNA methylation pattern analysis showed little interindividual differences in the WBCs and normal epithelium (adjacent to colon, bladder, and prostate cancer cells), but with some tissue-specific differences. Cancer cells showed marked methylation changes that varied considerably between different tumors, suggesting variable penetrance of the methylation phenotype in patients. Direct sequencing of 8 of 45 bands altered in these cancers showed that several of them were CpG islands, and 2 of these sequences were identified in GenBank. Surprisingly, three of the bands studied corresponded to transcribed regions of genes. Thus, hypermethylation of CpG islands in cancer cells is not confined to the promoters of growth regulatory genes but is also found in actively transcribed regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Urologic Cancer Research Laboratory, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Morgant G, Viossat B, Daran JC, Roch-Arveiller M, Giroud JP, Nguyen HD, Sorenson JR. Crystal structure of 180 degree K of bis-3, 5-diisopropylsalicylatobisdimethylsulfoxidozinc(II) and the inhibition of seizures and polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemiluminescence. J Inorg Biochem 1998; 70:137-43. [PMID: 9666572 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(98)10009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) formed a ternary complex when mixed with a Zn-3, 5-diisopropylsalicylate complex of unknown structure. The structure of this new ternary complex was characterized in an initial effort to understand the nature of this compound. Since the original complex is known to have anticonvulsant activity, the new ternary complex was also examined for anticonvulsant activity. The original complex was examined for inhibition of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) respiratory burst in an effort to mechanistically account for zinc complex mediated anticonvulsant activity. Dissolving the structurally unknown complex in DMSO gave crystals of a characterizable complex with an empirical formula C30H46O8S2Zn. Crystallographic data: P 1, Z = 2, a = 8.06(1), b = 12.452(2), c = 17.951(2) A, alpha = 74.42(l), beta = 77.07(1), gamma = 89.50(1) degree. The structure was refined to R = 0.03, RW = 0.04 for 3815 independent reflections with I > 2 sigma(I). This complex is mononuclear, with two 3,5-diisopropylsalicylate ligands and two bonded DMSO ligands, Zn(II)(3,5-DIPS)2(DMSO)2, Zn(II) is coordinate covalently bonded to four O atoms in a strongly distorted tetrahedral arrangement. Each DMSO ligates via its sulfoxide O atom while each 3,5-diisopropylsalicylate ligand is monodentate The non-ligating carbonyl O atom of each 3,5-DIPS is free except for an intramolecular hydrogen bond from the hydroxy group of the same ligand. Both 3,5-DIPS acid and Zn(II)(3,5-DIPS)2(DMSO)2 were examined for anticonvulsant activity in the Maximal Electroshock (MES) and Metrazol (MET) models of seizures and found to prevent both types of seizures. The Zn complex was qualitatively and quantitatively more effective than treatment with the free ligand. The influence of a Zn 3,5-DIPS complex and of the ligand 3,5-DIPS on PMNL oxidative metabolism was also studied to help understand the mechanism of anticonvulsant activity of these compounds. A dose-related and significant decrease in chemiluminescent (CL) response to opsonized Zymosan was observed, and the Zn complex was significantly more effective than the free ligand. It is concluded that mononuclear Zn complexes have anticonvulsant activity in Grand Mal and Petit Mal models of seizure possibly due to inhibition of the synthesis of superoxide or down-regulation of Nitric Oxide Synthase in activated phagocytic cells of the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Morgant
- Laboratoire de Cristallochimie Bioinorganique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gonzalgo ML, Hayashida T, Bender CM, Pao MM, Tsai YC, Gonzales FA, Nguyen HD, Nguyen TT, Jones PA. The role of DNA methylation in expression of the p19/p16 locus in human bladder cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 1998; 58:1245-52. [PMID: 9515812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of CpG sites in the control regions of tumor suppressor genes may be an important mechanism for their heritable, yet reversible, transcriptional inactivation. These changes in methylation may impair the proper expression and/or function of cell cycle regulatory genes and confer a selective growth advantage to affected cells. Detailed methylation analysis using genomic bisulfite sequencing was performed on a series of subclones of a bladder cancer cell line in which a hypermethylated p16 gene had been reactivated by transient treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Methylation of the CpG island in the promoter of the p16 gene in human bladder cancer cells did not stop the formation of a transcript initiated 20 kb upstream by the p19 promoter but did prevent the expression of a p16 transcript. Furthermore, we show that reactivant clones that expressed p16 at varying levels contained heterogeneous methylation patterns, suggesting that p16 expression can occur even in the presence of a relatively heavily methylated coding region. We also present the first functional evidence that methylation of only a small number of CpG sites can significantly down-regulate p16 promoter activity, thus providing support for the model of progressive inactivation of this tumor suppressor gene by DNA methylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Gonzalgo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bentefrit F, Morgant G, Viossat B, Leonce S, Guilbaud N, Pierre A, Atassi G, Nguyen HD. Synthesis and antitumor activity of the metformin platinum (IV) complex. Crystal structure of the tetrachloro(metformin)platinum (IV) dimethylsulfoxide solvate. J Inorg Biochem 1997; 68:53-9. [PMID: 9379181 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(97)81616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of (metformin) tetrachloroplatinum (IV) was investigated (metformin is N,N-dimethylbiguanide). It crystallizes with one dimethylsulfoxide molecule as solvate in the monoclinic system, space group P2(1)/n (No. 14) with Z = 4. The cell dimensions are: a = 13.136(7), b = 9.424(2), c = 14.009(8) A, beta = 111.96(4) degrees, V = 1608.4(2) A3. Of the 4269 independent nonzero reflections collected, 1979 with I > 3 sigma (I) were considered and used in the calculations. The structure was refined to R = 0.043 and wR = 0.045. The platinum coordination is octahedral, built up from four chloride anions and one bidentate chelating ligand via the two imine nitrogen atoms cis position. The distances and angles are typical of six-membered rings that have similar donor atoms. The complex was evaluated in vitro and in vivo on murine P388 leukemia. It was found to be as potent as cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II), CDDP, in inhibiting the proliferation of the sensitive P388 cells. However the resistant P388/CDDP cells were threefold more sensitive to the compound than to CDDP. The two compounds induced a similar perturbation in the G2+M phases of the cell-cycle. The complex was less active than CDDP in vivo on P388 leukemia when administered i.p. (intra peritoneal) on day 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Bentefrit
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Minérale et bioinorganique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Detailed respiration studies on isolated liver mitochondria from streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats revealed a disease-associated decrease in the ADP/O ratio, a marker for mitochondrial ability to couple the consumption of oxygen to the phosphorylation of ADP. This decrease was observed following induction of respiration with glutamate/malate, succinate, or duroquinol, which enter the electron transport chain selectively at complexes I (NADH dehydrogenase), II (succinate dehydrogenase), or III (cytochrome bc1 complex), respectively. These data, coupled with studies using respiratory inhibitors (most importantly antimycin A and myxothiazol), localize at least a portion of this defect to a single site within the electron transport chain (center P in the Q-cycle portion of complex III). These results suggest that liver mitochondria from diabetic animals may generate increased levels of reactive oxygen species at the portion of the electron transport chain already established as the major site of mitochondrial free radical generation. The reduction in the ADP/O ratio occurred in mitochondria that do not have overt defects in the respiratory control ratio or in State 3 and State 4 respiration. The data in this paper suggest that defects in center P of the electron transport chain likely increase mitochondrial exposure to oxidants in the diabetic. This data may partially explain the evidence of altered exposure and/or response to reactive species in mitochondria from diabetics. This work thus provides further clues to the interaction between oxidative stress and diabetes-associated mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B S Kristal
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7756, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kurihara Y, Simonson TM, Nguyen HD, Fisher DJ, Lin CS, Sato Y, Yuh WT. MR imaging of ventriculomegaly--a qualitative and quantitative comparison of communicating hydrocephalus, central atrophy, and normal studies. J Magn Reson Imaging 1995; 5:451-6. [PMID: 7549210 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880050415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Both communicating hydrocephalus and central atrophy cause ventricular dilatation. However, patients with hydrocephalus may require treatment. The aim of this study was to assess qualitatively and quantitatively the efficacy of MR imaging in the differentiation of communicating hydrocephalus from central atrophy. The midsagittal T1-weighted MR images of 33 patients with communicating hydrocephalus, 31 patients with central atrophy, and 23 normal subjects were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. This included configuration of the aqueduct; area of the septum pellucidum, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle; and morphology of the corpus callosum. Distal dilatation of the aqueduct was detected in 33.3% of patients with communicating hydrocephalus and in none of those with central atrophy. The corpus callosum was elevated in patients with communicating hydrocephalus when compared with that in patients with central atrophy. In conclusion, an analysis of midsagittal T1-weighted images has identified useful qualitative and quantitative criteria in the differentiation of communicating hydrocephalus from central atrophy. The configuration of the aqueduct with funneling at the fourth ventricular end strongly suggests the presence of communicating hydrocephalus rather than central atrophy alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurihara
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yuh WT, Tali ET, Nguyen HD, Simonson TM, Mayr NA, Fisher DJ. The effect of contrast dose, imaging time, and lesion size in the MR detection of intracerebral metastasis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995; 16:373-80. [PMID: 7726087 PMCID: PMC8338330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of MR contrast dose versus delayed imaging time on the detection of metastatic brain lesions based on lesion size. METHODS Contrast MR examinations with gadoteridol were obtained in 45 patients with brain metastases. The patients were divided into two groups: 16 received cumulative standard dose (0.1 mmol/kg) and 29 received cumulative triple dose (0.3 mmol/kg). Both groups were evaluated at two dose levels (lower dose and higher dose) with two separate injections. Each patient received an initial bolus injection of either 0.05 (cumulative standard dose) or 0.1 (cumulative triple dose) mmol/kg of gadoteridol to reach the lower-dose level and underwent imaging immediately and 10 and 20 minutes later. Thirty minutes after injection, an additional bolus injection of 0.05 (cumulative standard dose) or 0.2 (cumulative triple dose) mmol/kg was administered to reach the cumulative higher-dose level (cumulative standard dose, 0.1 mmol/kg; cumulative triple dose, 0.3 mmol). Images were acquired immediately. RESULTS There was no difference in the detection rate for lesions larger than 10 mm among T2-weighted, lower-dose immediate and delayed, or immediate higher-dose images in both study groups. Lesions smaller than 10 mm had improved detection with delayed imaging in both study groups; however, the immediate higher-dose studies still had the highest detection rate. CONCLUSION In the evaluation of small central nervous system metastases, either delayed imaging after the injection of standard contrast dose or higher contrast dose may improve their detection, and therefore affect clinical management. Higher contrast dose (cumulative triple dose) studies appear to be more effective than delayed imaging with standard dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Nguyen HD, Simonson TM, Fisher DJ, Mayr NA, Tali ET, Gao F, Gantz BJ, Yuh WT. MR evaluation of acoustic schwannoma with fractional contrast doses. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1995; 19:23-7. [PMID: 7822543 DOI: 10.1097/00004728-199501000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the utility of lower contrast medium doses for the detection and conspicuity of acoustic schwannomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS The L/B (L, lesion; B, background) ratios or lesion contrast of 17 pathologically proven acoustic schwannomas studied with a standard dose (0.1 mmol/kg) of gadopentetate dimeglumine was measured. In addition, 22 patients with acoustic schwannomas were studied prospectively with fractional doses using the incremental dose technique. Each patient received an initial bolus injection of one-eight the standard dose (0.0125 mmol/kg) followed by an injection of one-eighth, one-fourth, and one-half the standard dose at 5 min intervals to achieve a cumulative dose of one-fourth, one-half and full dose, respectively. Imaging was performed immediately after each injection. RESULTS Standard dose--The L/B ratios of pathologically proven acoustic schwannomas to mastoid air cells ranged from 14.8 to 41.2 (mean +/- SEM, 28.0 +/- 1.95), which were approximately 17 times more than those of intraparenchymal lesions. Fractional cumulative dose--Qualitative visual analysis demonstrated that all acoustic schwannomas showed apparent enhancement at one-fourth dose. Intense enhancement was noted at one-half and full dose. Quantitative analysis demonstrated the mean L/B ratios between the acoustic schwannomas and mastoid air cells of the precontrast and one-eighth, one-fourth, one-half, and full dose studies were 8.33 +/- 0.52, 11.21 +/- 0.75, 13.02 +/- 0.83, 15.38 +/- 0.98, and 18.03 +/- 1.36, respectively. CONCLUSION The L/B ratios or lesion contrast of acoustic schwannomas at various fractional contrast medium doses was significantly higher compared with that of intraparenchymal lesions. Thus, the standard contrast medium dose may not be necessary for detection of acoustic schwannomas, and a fractional dose may be sufficient. Although the optimal fractional dose remains to be determined, one-half of the standard dose (0.05 mmol/kg) appears to be sufficient because of intense enhancement at this dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Munday BL, Nakai T, Nguyen HD. Antigenic relationship of the picorna-like virus of larval barramundi, Lates calcarifer Bloch to the nodavirus of larval striped jack, Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Schneider). Aust Vet J 1994; 71:384-5. [PMID: 7726766 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1994.tb00937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B L Munday
- Department of Aquaculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mayr NA, Yuh WT, Muhonen MG, Fisher DJ, Nguyen HD, Ehrhardt JC, Wen BC, Doornbos JF, Hussey DH. Cost-effectiveness of high-dose MR contrast studies in the evaluation of brain metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15:1053-61. [PMID: 8073973 PMCID: PMC8333458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the cost-effectiveness of high-dose MR contrast studies in the management of brain metastases. METHODS During the phase III clinical trial of high-dose contrast studies (0.3 mmol/kg), 11 of 27 patients were judged by the reviewers to have potential treatment changes based on the additional information provided by the high-dose studies. We retrospectively evaluated how many of these 27 patients had actual treatment changes because of the results of the high-dose study. Using the fee schedule at our institution, the cost-effectiveness was analyzed based on the cost savings from treatment changes and the additional expense of implementing the high-dose studies. RESULTS A total of 3 craniotomies ($22,800 each) and 2 aggressive courses of radiation therapy ($1122 each) were avoided in 4 patients because of the additional lesions detected by the high-dose studies. This resulted in a treatment cost savings of $70,644. The extra expense for implementing the high-dose study is $9126 for a single injection in all 27 patients, $9295 for 2 separate injections completed in 1 visit in the 11 patients, and $11,154 for 2 separate injections completed in 2 separate visits. The cost savings in management (diagnosis and treatment) therefore ranged from $59,490 to $61,518 for all patients and from $2203 to $2278 per patient. CONCLUSION Based on our limited data, the high-dose study seems to impact positively on the cost-effectiveness in the management of brain metastases. However, because our study had limitations, our results need to be confirmed with a larger patient population and a more standardized treatment approach and fee schedule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Mayr
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yuh WT, Nguyen HD, Tali ET, Mayr NA, Fisher DJ, Atlas SW, Carvlin MC, Drayer BP, Pollei SR, Runge VM. Delineation of gliomas with various doses of MR contrast material. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15:983-9. [PMID: 8059672 PMCID: PMC8332178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects of different gadolinium doses on the delineation of gliomas, particularly the demonstration of abnormal enhancement on T1-weighted images extending beyond the zone of apparent signal abnormality on corresponding T2-weighted images. METHODS During phase II clinical trials of gadoteridol, 23 patients with pathologically proved gliomas were studied by MR with various doses of gadoteridol, ranging from 0.05 to 0.3 mmol/kg. RESULTS All of the gliomas were readily detected by T2-weighted images. Twelve of 23 patients demonstrated enhancement on T1-weighted images extending beyond the zone of apparent signal abnormality demonstrated on T2-weighted images. These findings were seen in none of the six patients (0%) studied at 0.05 mmol/kg, one of five patients (20%) studied at 0.1 mmol/kg, four of five patients (80%) studied at 0.2 mmol/kg, and seven of seven patients (100%) studied at 0.3 mmol/kg. CONCLUSIONS The detection of symptomatic gliomas does not require a contrast agent because they are generally large and readily demonstrated on T2-weighted images. However, the area of postcontrast enhancement of gliomas seems to be greater with higher doses of contrast agent. The cause of the abnormal enhancement extending beyond the zone of apparent signal abnormality on T2-weighted images seen in this limited study is unknown and probably represents tumor infiltration. The frequency of detection of such findings appears to be proportional to the dose of contrast material used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yuh WT, Halloran JI, Mayr NA, Fisher DJ, Nguyen HD, Simonson TM. Dose of contrast material in the MR imaging evaluation of central nervous system tumors. J Magn Reson Imaging 1994; 4:243-9. [PMID: 8061421 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.1880040304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yuh WT, Nguyen HD, Fisher DJ, Tali ET, Gao F, Simonson TM, Kao SC, Weiner CP. MR of fetal central nervous system abnormalities. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15:459-64. [PMID: 8197941 PMCID: PMC8334311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether MR can provide additional information on fetuses with central nervous system abnormalities as demonstrated by ultrasonography. METHODS Fetal MR examinations were studied prospectively in 22 pregnant women whose fetuses showed evidence of anomalies on ultrasound performed in the High-Risk Obstetric Clinic. RESULTS In 19 of 22 cases, postpartum confirmatory diagnoses were obtained by MR or CT examinations, autopsy, or surgery. In general, the image quality of MR is comparable with that of ultrasound. However, in six of 22 cases (27%), MR provided additional information that altered the ultrasound diagnosis; these included cases of infarction, diastematomyelia, normal hemimegalencephaly with early myelination, Dandy-Walker variant, and lipoma. All of these cases had postpartum confirmation. The additional information changed the treatment in three of six patients (no intervention or elective abortion). CONCLUSIONS In certain situations MR can add valuable information to that obtained by sonography in the evaluation of the fetal central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yuh WT, Nguyen HD, Gao F, Tali ET, Fisher DJ, Mayr NA, Mueller DP, Sato Y, Trigg ME, Gingrich R. Brain parenchymal infection in bone marrow transplantation patients: CT and MR findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994; 162:425-30. [PMID: 8310939 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.162.2.8310939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the MR and CT appearance of brain infection after bone marrow transplantation and to correlate the appearances with laboratory and pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of seven bone marrow transplant recipients with radiologic evidence of brain infection. RESULTS Forty-one lesions were detected in seven patients with proved infectious foci outside the brain before brain infection was suspected clinically. Six patients had low total WBC or lymphocyte counts and one patient had normal total WBC and lymphocyte counts. Most lesions in patients with low total WBC or lymphocyte counts showed no appreciable edema or contrast enhancement. However, all lesions detected in the patient with normal total WBC and lymphocyte counts showed marked vasogenic edema and ring enhancement. CONCLUSION Brain infection in bone marrow transplant recipients during immunosuppression exhibited MR characteristics different from those typically seen in immunocompetent patients. This appearance may be related to a diminished immunologic/inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yuh WT, Halloran JI, Mayr NA, Fisher DJ, Simonson TM, Nguyen HD. Gadolinium contrast dose in the evaluation of central nervous system tumors. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 1994; 4:81-8. [PMID: 8130954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Many factors affect the ability to detect a CNS lesion. There is no single contrast dose that is optimal for all diseases. By understanding these factors that may affect lesion detection, the appropriate dose for specific pathologic processes may be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yuh WT, Fisher DJ, Nguyen HD, Tali ET, Gao F, Simonson TM, Schlechte JA. Sequential MR enhancement pattern in normal pituitary gland and in pituitary adenoma. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994; 15:101-8. [PMID: 8141039 PMCID: PMC8332091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure and evaluate the temporal enhancement characteristics of the normal pituitary gland and pituitary adenoma. METHODS Thirty healthy subjects and 10 patients with sellar pituitary adenomas were studied prospectively using dynamic MR imaging with a 5- or 10-sec temporal resolution during a bolus injection of gadolinium. RESULTS Qualitative visual analysis demonstrated a consistent sequential pattern of pituitary enhancement in which the posterior lobe enhanced earlier than the anterior lobe by approximately 35 sec. Quantitative analysis revealed that posterior lobe enhancement occurred 9.8 +/- 1.5 sec (mean +/- SEM) before the anterior lobe in healthy subjects, whereas tumor enhancement occurred significantly before the anterior lobe but only slightly before the posterior lobe in patients with adenomas. CONCLUSION The sequential enhancement pattern of the normal pituitary gland was found to be consistent with its vascular anatomy. In contrast to previous reports, pituitary adenomas were found to enhance earlier than the anterior lobe. These results suggest that pituitary adenomas have a direct arterial blood supply, similar to that of the posterior pituitary lobe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Tumors metastatic to the pituitary gland are uncommon, and they are difficult to differentiate radiologically from pituitary adenomas. We retrospectively reviewed the MR examinations and clinical records of nine patients with radiographic and/or clinical evidence of pituitary metastases. The most common clinical symptoms included cranial nerve deficits (67%) and/or pituitary dysfunction (30%). Both occurred acutely and progressed rapidly over 1-4 weeks in all patients. Cranial nerve involvement was predominantly multiple (83%), a reflection of involvement of the adjacent cavernous sinus. In contrast to previous reports indicating a predilection for symptoms related to posterior lobe involvement (71%), our study shows that symptoms related to the anterior lobe are as common as posterior lobe symptoms. Useful MR findings included a relatively small, enhancing pituitary lesion (< or = 1.5 cm in 56%) that was relatively isointense to brain on both T1- and T2-weighted images (78%) and involvement of the hypothalamus/pituitary infundibulum (44%) or cavernous sinus (56%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N A Mayr
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tali ET, Yuh WT, Nguyen HD, Feng G, Koci TM, Jinkins JR, Robinson RA, Hasso AN. Cystic acoustic schwannomas: MR characteristics. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1993; 14:1241-7. [PMID: 8237710 PMCID: PMC8332755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the spectrum of MR characteristics of cystic acoustic schwannoma and to investigate its incidence. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the MR findings and clinical records of 16 patients with cystic acoustic schwannomas. In addition, the MR examinations of 411 consecutive patients referred for clinical suspicion of acoustic schwannomas were reviewed retrospectively to assess the incidence of acoustic schwannomas with cystic lesions arising from the internal auditory canal. RESULTS Of the 16 acoustic schwannomas with MR evidence of intramural cysts, 11 tumors had single small cysts, and five had multiple intramural cysts of variable size. Intramural cysts in 11 of the 16 tumors exhibited higher signal intensity than that of cerebrospinal fluid; the remainder were isointense to cerebrospinal fluid on both T1- and T2-weighted images. All intramural cysts showed circumferential enhancement after contrast administration. Nine of the 16 cystic acoustic schwannomas also had MR evidence of extramural/arachnoid cysts. Six of the extramural/arachnoid cysts had epicenters away from the dural interface, and the other three cysts were broadly based against the dura. The incidence of cystic acoustic schwannomas was 11.3% and association with extramural/arachnoid cysts 7.5%. CONCLUSION Our series suggests that cystic changes in acoustic schwannomas and the association with extramural/arachnoid cysts are not as rare as previously reported by other diagnostic methods. The high signal intensity of intramural cysts is probably related to necrotic material, blood, or colloid-rich fluid. The difference in the MR characteristics of extramural/arachnoid cysts associated with acoustic schwannomas and those of typical arachnoid cysts not associated with neoplasia may be related to higher protein and/or colloid contents secreted by the tumor. Most extramural/arachnoid cysts had epicenters between the tumor and brain, suggesting that the most likely mechanism of formation is peritumoral adhesions. It creates a pseudo-duplication caused by the trapping of fluid between the leptomeninges and the mass, resulting in an acquired type of arachnoid cyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E T Tali
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yuh WT, Fisher DJ, Nguyen HD, Tali ET, Mayr NA. The application of contrast agents in the evaluation of neoplasms of the central nervous system. Top Magn Reson Imaging 1992; 4:1-6. [PMID: 1419031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance evaluation of central nervous system neoplasms has improved tremendously since the introduction of gadolinium-based contrast agents. The optimal application of these agents in clinical imaging, however, has not been well established. The article discusses the recent application of these agents to a number of intracranial neoplasms, including metastases, gliomas, pituitary adenomas, and acoustic neurinomas/cerebellopontine angle tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is a recognized complication of cancer surgery. The purpose of this study was to define preoperative risk factors for AF, and to evaluate the clinical significance of the arrhythmia. We reviewed the medical records of 43 patients with postoperative AF admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). All patients were older than 60 years, 79% had a history of cigarette smoking, and 44% had hypertension. AF occurred an average of 2.8 days following surgery, and lasted an average of 2.1 days. No significant complications developed, and there were no long-term sequelae. This study suggests that, in cancer patients, postoperative AF is a disease of elderly patients. In addition the arrhythmia appears to be a relatively transient and benign phenomenon. Prolonged monitoring in an intensive care setting may not be necessary for asymptomatic, hemodynamically stable patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Gibbs
- Department of Medical Specialties, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yuh WT, Fisher DJ, Mayr-Yuh NA, Tali ET, Nguyen HD, Gao F, Ehrhardt JC. Review of the use of high-dose gadoteridol in the magnetic resonance evaluation of central nervous system tumors. Invest Radiol 1992; 27 Suppl 1:S39-44. [PMID: 1506152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yuh WT, Nguyen HD, Mayr NA, Follett KA. Pontine glioma extending to the ipsilateral cavernous sinus and Meckel's cave: MR appearance. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1992; 13:346-8. [PMID: 1595473 PMCID: PMC8331733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe an exophytic glioma of the pons that grew into the Meckel's cave and cavernous sinus in a 75-year-old man. Pontine gliomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of a hyperintense, complex cystic mass seen along the distribution of cranial nerve V.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Yuh
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
In searching for a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant with intermediate duration but more rapid onset of action than the presently available compounds, the neuromuscular and circulatory effects of ORG9426 were investigated in two studies in humans receiving fentanyl, droperidol, thiopental, and nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthesia. Eighty patients, randomly assigned to one of four groups of 20 each, received 0.12, 0.16, 0.20, or 0.24 mg/kg ORG9426. In the first study, the doses (in milligrams per kilogram) of ORG9426 that caused 50% (ED50), 90% (ED90), or 95% (ED95) neuromuscular block were determined by the individual dose-response method; they were 0.170, 0.268, and 0.305 mg/kg, respectively. In the second study, after induction of anesthesia, patients received 0.6 mg/kg (about 2 x ED95) of ORG9426, either in a single bolus (group 1) or in two unequal (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) increments 4 min apart (group 2). After the administration of 0.6 mg/kg ORG9426, maximal neuromuscular block developed in 1.5 +/- 0.12 min in group 1 and in 1.2 +/- 0.14 min in group 2. Patients tracheas were intubated after development of the maximal neuromuscular effect of the intubating dose and after the recording of heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There was no difference in the clinical duration of the intubating doses, which were 40.0 +/- 3.2 (15-73) min in group 1 and 39.3 +/- 2.4 (19-57) min in group 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F F Foldes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Pipecuronium bromide (Arduan) is a bisquaternary, steroid-type neuromuscular blocking agent in clinical use in Eastern Europe. Before its introduction into clinical practice in the USA, in the first phase of this study the neuromuscular potency of pipecuronium was determined under "balanced" and enflurance anaesthesia by the cumulative log dose-response method in 30 patients each. In the second phase the intubation and onset times, clinical duration of the first and repeated doses, spontaneous recovery index, reversibility of its residual neuromuscular effect by an anticholinesterase and its effect on heart rate and blood pressure was compared with the same variables observed in patients, anaesthetized with identical techniques but who had received vecuronium or pancuronium. The neuromuscular potency of pipecuronium was greater under enflurane (ED95 = 23.6 +/- 1.1 micrograms.kg-1 (mean +/- SEM)] than under balanced (ED95 = 35.1 +/- 17 micrograms.kg-1) anaesthesia. Pipecuronium was more potent than vecuronium under both balanced (ED95 = 45.8 micrograms.kg-1) and enflurane anaesthesia (ED95 = 27.4 micrograms.kg-1). Following the administration of 2 x ED95 doses there were no clinically significant differences in the intubation or onset times of pipecuronium, vecuronium and pancuronium. Under balanced anaesthesia the clinical duration of 2 x ED95 dose of pipecuronium (110.5 +/- 0.3 min) or pancuronium (115.8 +/- 8.1 min) were similar and about three times longer than that of vecuronium (36.3 +/- 2.1 min). The recovery indices of pipecuronium (44.5 +/- 8.2 min) and pancuronium (41.3 +/- 4.2 min) were also similar and about three times longer than that of vecuronium (14.3 +/- 1.4 min).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F F Foldes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nagashima H, Nguyen HD, Conforti M, Duncalf D, Goldiner PL, Foldes FF. A simple method for monitoring muscular relaxation during continuous infusion of vecuronium. Can J Anaesth 1988; 35:134-8. [PMID: 2895688 DOI: 10.1007/bf03010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is considerable individual variation in the dose of vecuronium required for the maintenance of surgical relaxation. Therefore to provide uninterrupted relaxation without overdosage it is advisable to regulate the IV infusion of vecuronium on the basis of appropriate monitoring. Monitoring with mechanomyography (MMG) or electromyography requires costly equipment and is too complex for routine clinical use. Visual observation of the adductor pollicis muscle contracting against zero resistance is not suitable for the reliable assessment of the degree of neuromuscular (NM) block. For clinical purposes satisfactory monitoring can be achieved with the simple device (Myoscan) described. The reliability of the Myoscan was tested in 30 patients by simultaneous monitoring of the force of contraction of the adductor pollicis on one side with the Myoscan and on the contralateral side with the MMG. Retrospective analysis of the MMG indicated that the conduct of anaesthesia would have been virtually the same if it would have been based on MMG monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Nagashima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10467
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|