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Park S, Lee S, Kim Y, Cho S, Huh H, Kim K, Kim YC, Han SS, Lee H, Lee JP, Joo KW, Lim CS, Kim YS, Kim DK. Mendelian randomization reveals causal effects of kidney function on various biochemical parameters. Commun Biol 2022; 5:713. [PMID: 35856088 PMCID: PMC9293908 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a vital organ with diverse biological effects and the burden of kidney function impairment is increasing in modern medicine. As the effects from kidney function on diverse biochemical parameters are yet fully understood, additional investigation to reveal the causal effects is warranted. Here we show the causal estimates from kidney function parameter, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), on 60 biochemical parameters by performing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study in 337,138 white British UK Biobank participants. A higher genetically predicted eGFR was significantly associated with higher lymphocyte percentage, HDL cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase. The causal estimates indicated that a higher genetically predicted eGFR was associated with lower urea, urate, insulin growth factor-1, and triglycerides levels. The parameters with significant but non-linear causal estimates were hemoglobin concentration, calcium, vitamin D, and urine creatinine values, identified by non-linear MR. Healthcare providers should understand that changes in eGFR may affect the identified biochemical parameters in diverse patterns. Future study is warranted to expand the knowledge of the mechanisms and clinical implications of the causal effects of eGFR on various biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji University Medical Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yaerim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Semin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyeok Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Seok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. .,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Park S, Lee H, Lee J, Lee S, Cho S, Huh H, Kim JY, Park M, Lee S, Kim Y, Choi M, Joo KW, Kim YS, Yang SH, Kim DK. RNA-seq profiling of tubulointerstitial tissue reveals a potential therapeutic role of dual anti-phosphatase 1 in glomerulonephritis. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3364-3377. [PMID: 35488446 PMCID: PMC9189340 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome profiling of tubulointerstitial tissue in glomerulonephritis may reveal a potential tubulointerstitial injury-related biomarker. We profiled manually microdissected tubulointerstitial tissue from biopsy cores of 65 glomerulonephritis cases, including 43 patients with IgA nephropathy, 3 with diabetes mellitus nephropathy, 3 with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 3 with lupus nephritis, 4 with membranous nephropathy and 9 with minimal change disease, and additional 22 nephrectomy controls by RNA sequencing. A potential biomarker was selected based on the false discovery rate, and experiments were performed in TNF-α-stimulated primary cultured human tubular epithelial cells (hTECs). We identified 3037 genes with low expression and 2852 genes with high expression in the disease samples compared to the controls. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) exhibited universal low expression in various diseases (log2 fold change, -3.87), with the lowest false discovery rate (7.03E-132). In further experimental validation study, DUSP1 overexpression ameliorated inflammatory markers related to MAP kinase pathways in hTECs, while pharmacologic inhibition of DUSP1 increased these markers. The combination of DUSP1 overexpression with low-concentration corticosteroid treatment resulted in more potent suppression of inflammation than high-concentration corticosteroid treatment alone. The profiled transcriptomes provide insights into the pathophysiology of tubulointerstitial injury in kidney diseases and may reveal a potential therapeutic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangmoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Semin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeok Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Young Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minkyoung Park
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji University Medical Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yaerim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park S, Lee S, Kim Y, Cho S, Huh H, Kim K, Kim YC, Han SS, Lee H, Lee JP, Joo KW, Lim CS, Kim YS, Kim DK. Nonlinear causal effects of estimated glomerular filtration rate on myocardial infarction risks: Mendelian randomization study. BMC Med 2022; 20:44. [PMID: 35109828 PMCID: PMC8811984 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies suggested that a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or a supranormal eGFR value was associated with adverse cardiovascular risks. However, a previous Mendelian randomization (MR) study under the linearity assumption reported null causal effects from eGFR on myocardial infarction (MI) risks. Further investigation of the nonlinear causal effect of kidney function assessed by eGFR on the risk of MI by nonlinear MR analysis is warranted. METHODS In this MR study, genetic instruments for log-eGFR based on serum creatinine were developed from European samples included in the CKDGen genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis (N=567,460). Alternate instruments for log-eGFR based on cystatin C were developed from a GWAS of European individuals that included the CKDGen and UK Biobank data (N=460,826). Nonlinear MR analysis for the risk of MI was performed using the fractional polynomial method and the piecewise linear method on data from individuals of white British ancestry in the UK Biobank (N=321,024, with 12,205 MI cases). RESULTS Nonlinear MR analysis demonstrated a U-shaped (quadratic P value < 0.001) association between MI risk and genetically predicted eGFR (creatinine) values, as MI risk increased as eGFR declined in the low eGFR range and the risk increased as eGFR increased in the high eGFR range. The results were similar even after adjustment for clinical covariates, such as blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or urine microalbumin levels, or when genetically predicted eGFR (cystatin C) was included as the exposure. CONCLUSION Genetically predicted eGFR is significantly associated with the risk of MI with a parabolic shape, suggesting that kidney function impairment, either by reduced or supranormal eGFR, may be causally linked to a higher MI risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yaerim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Semin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeok Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Seok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. .,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Park S, Cho S, Lee S, Kim Y, Park S, Huh H, Kim YC, Han SS, Lee H, Lee JP, Joo KW, Lim CS, Kim YS, Han K, Kim DK. Association between visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and risks of dementia in CKD patients: a nationwide observational cohort study. Clin Kidney J 2022; 15:1506-1513. [PMID: 36824064 PMCID: PMC9942440 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between visit-to-visit blood pressure (BP) variability and dementia risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients has rarely been studied. Methods In this retrospective observational study, individuals who received three or more general health screenings were identified in the nationwide database of Korea. Those with persistent non-dialysis-dependent CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or dipstick albuminuria ≥1+] were included. The study exposure was systolic or diastolic BP variability, calculated as the variation independent of the mean and categorized into quartiles (Q4: the highest quartile; Q1: the lowest quartile). The risks of all-cause dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, were analyzed by Cox regression adjusted for various clinical characteristics, including baseline BP and eGFR values. Results We included 103 139 CKD patients and identified 7574 (7%) dementia events, including 5911 (6%) Alzheimer's disease cases, 886 (1%) vascular dementia events and 777 (1%) cases categorized as other types of dementia. Higher systolic BP variability was significantly associated with higher risks of all-cause dementia {[Q4 versus Q1], hazard ratio [HR] 1.173 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.102-1.249], P for trend < .001}. The results were also significant for the risk of Alzheimer's disease [HR 1.162 (95% CI 1.083-1.248), P < .001] and vascular dementia [HR 1.282 (95% CI 1.064-1.545), P = .039]. The results were similar when diastolic BP variability was the exposure, as high diastolic BP variability was significantly associated with higher risks of all-cause dementia [HR 1.191 (95% CI 1.117,1.270), P < .001]. Conclusions Higher visit-to-visit BP variability is significantly associated with a higher risk of dementia in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Semin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji University Medical Center, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Yaerim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sanghyun Park
- Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeok Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Seok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea,Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cho K, Min C, Jung J, Lee S, Lee S, Huh H, Cho S, Shim J, Chang K, Kim W, Yong Ho K, Moon S, Kim E, Yeo S, Kwon S. Dosimetric Evaluation Using MVCT Images for Adapted Plan-Dose Monitoring in Tomotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Cabrera-Lopez C, Ars E, Marti T, Harris PC, Torra R, Clerckx C, Migeon T, Chen Z, Ronco P, Plaisier E, Lamers IJ, Van Reeuwijk J, Azam M, Boldt K, Maria M, Koster-Kamphuis L, Qamar R, Ueffing M, Cremers FP, Roepman R, Arts HH, Papizh S, Dlin V, Leontieva I, Tutelman K, Perrone RD, Bae KT, Chapman AB, Devuyst O, Gansevoort RT, Grantham JJ, Higashihara E, Torres VE, Sergeyeva O, Zhou W, Blais JD, Czerwiec FS, Liu F, Liao Y, Fu P, Casteleijn N, Zittema D, Bakker S, Boertien W, Gaillard C, Meijer E, Spithoven E, Struck J, Gansevoort R, Robinson P, McEwan P, Hadimeri H, Ong ACM, Orskov B, Peces R, Sandford R, Scolari F, Walz G, Cooke C, O'Reilly K, Riwanto M, Kapoor S, Rodriguez D, Edenhofer I, Segerer S, Wuthrich RP, De Rechter S, Bacchetta J, Van Dyck M, Evenepoel P, De Schepper J, Levtchenko E, Mekahli D, Carr A, Makin A, Baker A, Obeidova L, Stekrova J, Seeman T, Puchmajerova A, Reiterova J, Kohoutova M, Tesar V, Treille S, Bailly JM, Guillaume B, Tuta L, Stanigut A, Botea F, Jo HA, Park HC, Kim H, Han M, Huh H, Jeong JC, Oh KH, Yang J, Koo TY, Hwang YH, Ahn C, Pisani A, Remuzzi G, Ruggenenti P, Riccio E, Visciano B, Spinelli L, Kim JI, Park KM, Liu FX, Rutherford P, Smoyer-Tomic K, Martinez Jimenez V, Comas J, Arcos E, Diaz JM, Muray S, Cabezuelo J, Ballarin J, Ars E, Torra R, Miyaoka T, Morimoto S, Kataoka H, Mochizuki T, Tsuchiya K, Ichihara A, Nitta K. RENAL DEVELOPMENT AND CYSTIC DISEASES. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
A CHCl(3): MeOH extract of the fruit ofLycium chinense Mill. (Solanaceae) was found to afford significant protection against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Subsequent activity-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of zeaxanthin and zeaxanthin dipalmitate as antihepatotoxic components. Incubation of injured hepatocytes with zeaxanthin dipalmitate reduced the levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) released from damaged cells to 60.5% and 76.3% of those released from untreated controls, respectively. Zeaxanthin also reduced the levels of GPT and SDH to 68.5% and 61.3% of the levels of those released from the untreated control. The results confirm the hepatoprotective activities of zeaxanthins. Antihepatotoxic activities of zeaxanthins are comparable to that of silybin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 56-1 Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, 151-742, Seoul, Korea
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Choi S, Huh H, Kim S, Kim C, Ji Y, Kim W, Kim H. SU-E-T-475: Small Field Dosimetry of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy According to a New Dosimetry Formalism. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Lee S, Yi J, Park J, Cho S, Shim J, Chang K, Cao Y, Lee S, Huh H, Kim C. Development of 3D Dosimetry System using Polymer Gel (TENOMAG) and Optical-CT Scanner in Prostate IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lee S, Cho S, Huh H, Lee S, Shin H, Kwon S, Yun H, Yang D, Park Y, Kim C. 938 POSTER Development of a new normoxic polymer gel dosimeter (TENOMAG). EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)70577-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Lee S, Cho K, Shin H, Shin D, Huh H, Lee S, Cho S, Yang D, Park Y, Kim C. 937 POSTER A study on the optimization of beam direction and virtual organ delineation to minimize radiation pneumonitis in the intensity modulated radiotherapy of lung cancer. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)70576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Shin D, Yoon M, Park S, Lee S, Lee S, Lee S, Huh H, Cho K, Shin D. SU-FF-T-412: The Development of Multiple Heterogeneous Head and Neck Phantoms for Quality Assurance of Inhomogeneity Correction Algorithm in the Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy and Conformal Dynamic Arc Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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13
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Kim CY, Im HW, Kim HK, Huh H. Accumulation of 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone in suspension cultures of Panax ginseng by a fungal elicitor preparation and a yeast elicitor preparation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 56:239-42. [PMID: 11499937 DOI: 10.1007/s002530000557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Suspension cultures of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae) were treated with either an elicitor preparation from the culture broth of the phytopathogenic hyphomycete Botrytis cinerea or a yeast elicitor preparation, and the accumulation of a new compound, which was not detected in non-elicited cultures, was observed. The accumulated compound was isolated and shown to be 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and electron ionization (EI) mass spectra. While it is well known that this compound shows antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, its presence in ginseng root has not been reported to date. Levels of the compound in the media increased rapidly, reaching a maximum level of 65.10 +/- 4.96 microg/g fresh weight at approximately 12 h after treatment with the yeast elicitor preparation. The maximal level of the compound in medium from the culture treated with an elicitor preparation from the culture broth of B. cinerea was 46.13 +/- 10.42 microg/g fresh weight after 24 h of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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14
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Kim SR, Sung SH, Kwon SW, Park JH, Huh H, Kim YC. Dammarane derivatives protect cultured rat cortical cells from glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:1505-11. [PMID: 11197079 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001777540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3, dammarane glycosides, of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae), significantly attenuated glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical cells. To seek more potent neuroprotective compounds, we attempted to modify the chemical structure of dammarane glycosides and obtained six derivatives, MA-11, PT-11, PT-111, POA-101, POA-111 and N-001. The neuroprotective activity of these dammarane derivatives were evaluated employing primary cultures of rat corticoid cells. The glutamate-induced neuronal cell damage was significantly reduced by a pre-treatment with protopanaxadiol, MA-11 or PT-11 at concentrations ranging from 100 nM to 10 microM. Both MA-11 and PT-11, preserved the levels of catalase and inhibited decreases in glutathione reductase in glutamate-injured cells. Furthermore, the dammarane derivatives reduced the content of intracellular peroxide in glutamate-intoxicated cells. Finally, they inhibited the formation of malondialdehyde, a compound produced during lipid peroxidation, in glutamate-insulted cells. These results show that the dammarane derivatives, MA-11 and PT-11, exert significant neuroprotective effects on cultured cortical cells by a mechanism seemingly distinct from that afforded by ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg3. As such, the dammarane derivatives may be efficacious in protecting neurons from oxidative damage caused by exposure to excess glutamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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15
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Shin DY, Kim HS, Min KH, Hyun SS, Kim SA, Huh H, Choi EC, Choi YH, Kim J, Choi SH, Kim WB, Suh YG. Isolation of a potent anti-MRSA sesquiterpenoid quinone from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2000; 48:1805-6. [PMID: 11086922 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.48.1805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A highly potent anti-MRSA sesquiterpenoid has been isolated from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, which has been traditionally used to treat infectious diseases in Korea. This naturally occurring antibiotic was identified as mansonone F (1). This compound has been found to be highly active specifically against MRSA and showed an MIC range of 0.39-3.13 microg/ml which is comparable to that of vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu, Korea
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Abstract
The immunomodulating activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Morus alba (PMA) root bark was examined in murine splenic lymphocytes. PMA enhanced proliferation of splenic lymphocytes in a synergistic manner in the presence of mitogens. However, PMA suppressed primary IgM antibody production from B cells, which was activated with lipopolysaccharide, a polyclonal activator, or immunized with a T-cell dependent antigen sheep red blood cells. Our observations showed that the immunomodulating activity of PMA increased lymphocyte proliferation and that PMA decreased antibody production from B cells, which was distinct from those of other plant-originated polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yusung, Taejon
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17
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Abstract
A methanol extract of the stem bark of Paulownia tomentosa showed antiviral activity against poliovirus types 1 and 3. Sequential liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane, chloroform and water, and a silicagel column chromatography resulted in the purification of a compound. The compound was identified as methyl-5-hydroxy-dinaphthol[1,2-2',3']furan-7,12-dione-6-carbox yla te on the basis of spectroscopic data. The component caused a significant reduction of viral cytopathic effect when it was subjected to a standard antiviral assay by using HeLa cells. The EC(50) of the compound against poliovirus type 1 strain Brunhilde, and type 3 strain Leon were 0.3 microg/mL and 0.6 microg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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18
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Abstract
We have been screening anti-HIV integrase compounds from Korean medicinal plants by using an in vitro assay system which is mainly composed of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and radiolabeled oligonucleotides. From the above screening, the aqueous methanolic extract of the roots of Agastache rugosa exhibited a significant activity. Bioactivity-guided chromatographic fractionation of the methanolic extract resulted in the isolation of rosmarinic acid. The structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic data and by the comparison with the reported values. The IC50 of the rosmarinic acid was approximately 10 microg/ml against HIV integrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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19
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Abstract
A new glycoprotein was purified from the aqueous methanolic extract of the root bark of Morus alba which has been used as a component of antidiabetic remedy in Oriental Medicine. SDS-PAGE result shows that the molecular weight of the glycoprotein was approximately 20 kDa. This new glycoprotein was named as Moran 20K. The protein lowered blood glucose level in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic mice model and it also increased the glucose transport in cultured epididymis fat cells. The amino acid composition of the protein was analyzed, and the protein contained above 20% serine and cysteine such as insulin. The actual molecular weight of the protein was determined as 21,858 Da by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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20
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Jang YP, Lee YJ, Kim YC, Huh H. Production of a hepatoprotective cerebroside from suspension cultures of Lycium chinense. Plant Cell Rep 1998; 18:252-254. [PMID: 30744230 DOI: 10.1007/s002990050566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Suspension cultures derived from Lycium chinense Miller seedlings produced significant amounts of a hepatoprotective cerebroside. Callus was induced from the stem of aseptic seedlings of L. chinense and maintained on MS solid media supplemented with 1.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.1 ppm kinetin. Suspension cultures were established, and the cells were grown in the same liquid media in the dark. Lyophilized cells were extracted with a combined reagent of chloroform and methanol (2:1, v/v). An aqueous suspension of the evaporated cell extract was partitioned with chloroform, and the chloroform layer was subjected to silicic acid column chromatography followed by semi-preparative reverse phase C8 high pressure liquid chromatography. The purified compound showed hepatoprotective activity comparable to that shown by silymarin, and the structure was identified as 1-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-N-2'-hydroxy-(palmitoyl)-4,8-sphingadiene on the basis of spectral data. The content of the compound in cultured cell was tenfold higher than that of the fruit of L. chinense. The biosynthesis of the compound in cultured cell systems appears to parallel cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 56-1 Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea e-mail: Fax: +82-2-884-6086, , , , , , KR
| | - Y J Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 56-1 Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea e-mail: Fax: +82-2-884-6086, , , , , , KR
| | - Y C Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 56-1 Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea e-mail: Fax: +82-2-884-6086, , , , , , KR
| | - H Huh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 56-1 Shillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea e-mail: Fax: +82-2-884-6086, , , , , , KR
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21
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Abstract
In order to find out anti-platelet activating factor (PAF) from natural resources, Korean medicinal plants used for the treatments of peripheral circulation disorders were tested for their possible protective effects on PAF-induced anaphylactic shock. From the above screening, the methanol extract of Gentiana scabra showed a potent antagonistic activity against PAF. Water suspension of the extract was partitioned with CH2Cl2 and EtOAc, successively. The EtOAc fraction which showed the highest activity was chromatographed on silica gel to yield 6 fractions. From the fraction which showed higher PAF-antagonistic activity than the other fractions, compound 1 was isolated by recrystallization. On the basis of spectral data, compound 1 was identified as 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid glucose ester. The compound prevented the mice from the PAF-induced death at a dose of 300 micrograms/mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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22
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Abstract
Two cerebrosides isolated from Lycium chinense fruits have been characterized as 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S, 3R,4E,8Z)-2-N-palmitoyloctadecasphinga-4,8-dienine+ ++ (1) and 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl -(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-N-(2'-hydroxypalmitoyl)octadecasph inga-4,8-dienine (2). While 2 is already known, the structure of 1 was determined by spectral and chemical studies. Incubation of CCl4-intoxicated hepatocytes with 1 and 2, respectively, significantly reduced the levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) released by injured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea
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23
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Jeon MH, Sung SH, Huh H, Kim YC. Ginkgolide B production in cultured cells derived from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves. Plant Cell Rep 1995; 14:501-504. [PMID: 24185520 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/1994] [Revised: 08/31/1994] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Callus cultures and cell suspension cultures derived from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves produced ginkgolidc B. In cell suspension cultures, the production reached a maximum by the 13th day of subculture and followed by a sharp decrease. The medium of Murashige and Skoog induced the highest ginkgolide B content in cultures while the medium of Schenk and Hildebrandt promoted cell growth. For the maximal production of ginkgolide B, cells were cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium modified to contain 1.0 mg/l of α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.1 mg/1 of kinetin, 30 g/1 sucrose and 1.25 mM potassium phosphate with a molar ratio of ammonium to nitrate ions of 1 ∶ 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1 Shillim-Dong, 151-742, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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25
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Abstract
The ontogenic aspects of ginkgolide production were studied by using GINKGO BILOBA seedlings, greenhouse plants, young trees, mature trees cuttings, and plant tissue cultures. Ginkgolide yield appeared to be increased with the age of the plants when the plants were grown under the same environmental conditions. Ginkgolide content in the leaves was increased when seedlings, young plants, and young trees were treated with fluridone, a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor. Ginkgolides appeared to be independently biosynthesized in leaves and roots of the GINKGO and stored in root bark and stem as more hydroxylated forms such as ginkgolide B or ginkgolide C.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, U.S.A
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26
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Höfer M, Huh H, Künemund A. Membrane potential and cation permeability. A study with a nystatin-resistant mutant of Rhodotorula gracilis (Rhodosporidium toruloides). Biochim Biophys Acta 1983; 735:211-4. [PMID: 6684955 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(83)90295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cells of a nystatin-resistant mutant of the obligatory aerobic yeast Rhodotorula gracilis displayed an electrical potential difference, delta psi, across the plasma membrane which was, in contrast to the wild-strain cells, virtually independent of the pH of cell suspensions down to 4.5. In addition, the delta psi in mutant cells was insensitive to extracellular K+ concentrations. The mutant cells failed to cotransport measurable amounts of H+ by the onset of monosaccharide transport and to take up K+ in exchange for H+. Taking into account the lower passive permeability of the mutant plasma membrane for cations, it has been concluded that the pH dependency of delta psi in wild-strain cells is correlated with the electrogenic leak of H+ back into the cells in course of increasing delta pH across the plasma membrane.
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27
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Höfer M, Thiele OW, Huh H, Hunneman DH, Mracek M. A nystatin-resistant mutant of Rhodotorula gracilis. Transport properties and sterol content. Arch Microbiol 1982; 132:313-6. [PMID: 6891206 DOI: 10.1007/bf00413381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A nystatin-resistant mutant of Rhodotorula gracilis was obtained by treatment of the wild strain cells with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and selected on agar plates containing 150 micrograms nystatin/ml. Three important transport functions of the plasma membrane of mutant cells: the accumulation of monosaccharides, the generation and maintenance of the pH-gradient and of the membrane potential, as well as the cell respiration were insensitive to at least 10(-5) M nystatin. This concentration of nystatin inhibited completely all these processes in wild strain cells. Analysis of cellular sterols revealed a defect of ergosterol biosynthesis in the mutant, which was localized at the last oxidative step between 5,6-dihydroergosterol and ergosterol.
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Klingmüller W, Huh H, Kaudewitz F. [Regulatory function of sorbose-resistance gene C in sugar transport of Neurospora]. Mol Gen Genet 1970; 109:27-41. [PMID: 5488084 DOI: 10.1007/bf00334044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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