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Kremer LJ, Smith A, Tahitahi KA, Mapusua T, Anwar M, Rutherford G, Cho H, Guy W. Ko au tēnei: This is me - Exploring the lived experience of underrepresented groups with pharmacy services to inform the development of pharmacy case-based learning. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2024; 16:167-173. [PMID: 38331625 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Demographic and social characteristics of underrepresented groups are often poorly described in pharmacy case-based learning, leading to poor representation of these groups in the pharmacy curriculum. This research project aimed to understand the lived experience of underrepresented groups with pharmacy services and to use this to inform the development of pharmacy case-based student learning materials. METHODS This was a single centre, grounded theory, qualitative study. Focus groups were undertaken with six underrepresented groups: Māori, Pacific, Asian, LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, asexual), disability, and refugee. These focus groups were conducted in Dunedin, Aotearoa New Zealand from July to August 2022. Focus group sessions were recorded and analysed to identify beliefs, ideas, and themes shared between participants and groups. FINDINGS Participants in all focus groups had a strong desire to be seen and represented in pharmacy cases, however this was conditional on the learning being delivered in a way that upholds their beliefs, values, and voices. From these lived experiences, cultural, environmental, personal, and social factors were identified as being critical for inclusion in pharmacy case-based learning materials. CONCLUSIONS The lived experience of underrepresented populations provides critical insights that will enhance pharmacy case-based learning. The key factors that could be included in case-based learning are: ethnicity, personal beliefs, language, disability, gender identity, sexual identity, and family. To achieve health equity and improve cultural awareness and intelligence of our future pharmacy workforce, these experiences need to become more present in curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Kremer
- University of Otago School of Pharmacy, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Alesha Smith
- University of Otago School of Pharmacy, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Kelly-Ann Tahitahi
- University of Otago Office of Māori Development, 87 Saint David Street, North Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Talai Mapusua
- University of Otago Centre for Pacific Health (Va'a o Tautai), 71 Frederick Street, North Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Mudassir Anwar
- University of Otago School of Pharmacy, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Gill Rutherford
- University of Otago College of Education, 145 Union Street East, Central Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Hyunah Cho
- University of Otago College of Education, 145 Union Street East, Central Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - William Guy
- University of Otago School of Pharmacy, 18 Frederick Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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Park S, Lee J, Yun W, Hong S, Oh H, Song D, Chang S, An J, Cho H, Jeon K, Cho J. Supplementation of protease and different nutrient density diets in growing-finishing pigs. J Anim Sci Technol 2024; 66:326-339. [PMID: 38628687 PMCID: PMC11016743 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of protease supplementation and different nutrient density of diets in growing-finishing pigs. A total of one hundred-eight crossbred growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an initial body weight (BW; 18.74 ± 3.46 kg) were used for 15 weeks. Pigs were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 3 pigs per pen in a 3 × 2 factorial through the following arrangement: Three groups of protease (1, Basal diets; 2, Protease A: 125 mg/kg protease derived from Streptomyces sps; 3, Protease B: 100 mg/kg protease derived from Bacillus licheniformis) at two different nutrient density diets (1, Basal requirement; 2, 0.94%-0.98% higher than requirement in dietary protein and 50 kcal/kg in energy). High nutrient (HN) diets showed higher average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.05) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein (CP) (p < .0001) compared to basal nutrient (BN) diets during growing periods. Supplementation of protease showed higher BW (p < 0.05) and ADG (p < 0.05) compared to non-supplementation of protease during growing periods. Also, supplementation of protease showed higher ATTD of CP (p < 0.01), ATTD of gross energy (p < 0.05) and decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (p = 0.001) compared to non-supplementation of protease during finishing periods. Pigs which fed the protease showed decreased ammonia (NH3) emissions (p < 0.05) during experiment periods and decreased hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions (p < 0.01) during finishing periods. Interactions between nutrient density and protease were observed, which decreased the feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05) in HN diets without protease compared to BN diets without protease during weeks 4 to 6. Also, interaction between nutrient density and protease was observed, which resulted in improved ATTD of CP (p < 0.01) in response to PTA supplementation with HN diets during the finishing period. In conclusion, supplementation of protease reduces NH3 in feces and BUN in whole blood by increasing the digestibility of CP and improves growth performance. Also, diets with high nutrient density improved growth performance and nutrient digestibility in growing periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jihwan Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, University
of Georgia (UGA), Athens 30602, GA, United States
| | - Won Yun
- Central Research Institute, Woosung Feed
Co., Ltd, Daejeon 34379, Korea
| | - Seokman Hong
- Central Research Institute, Woosung Feed
Co., Ltd, Daejeon 34379, Korea
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kyeongho Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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An J, Kim Y, Song M, Choi J, Yun W, Oh H, Chang S, Go Y, Song D, Cho H, Park S, Kim Y, Park Y, Park G, Oh S, Cho J. Effect of loading density and weather conditions on animal welfare and meat quality of slaughter pigs. J Anim Sci Technol 2023; 65:1323-1340. [PMID: 38616884 PMCID: PMC11007295 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
There are several factors that affect the welfare and meat quality of pigs during pre-slaughter transport. Among various factors, the effects of weather conditions and loading density were studied. A total of 3,726 finishing pigs were allotted to one of nine groups arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial design according to the weather conditions (low temperature [LT], under 10°C; normal temperature [NT], 10°C-24°C; high temperature [HT], upper 24°C), and loading density (low density [LD], upper 0.43 m2/100 kg; normal density [ND], 0.37-0.43 m2/100 kg; high density [HD], under 0.37 m2/100 kg). Each treatment group follow as: LTLD, LTND, LTHD, NTLD, NTND, NTHD, HTLD, HTND, HTHD. In terms of carcass composition, pigs had the highest carcass weight and backfat thickness at LT. Comparing the HD transport to the ND transport, the meat quality indicated a lower pH and more drip loss. The incidence rate of pale, soft, exudative (PSE) pork was high in the order of the HD, LD, and the ND transport (20%, 9%, and 2%, respectively). The HT transport showed the lowest pH and greatest L* value under the given weather conditions. Pigs transported under the HTHD and LTLD conditions had the greatest rates of PSE pork (40% and 20%, respectively). Pigs exposed to HD transport had the shortest laying time and the highest overplap behavior. The LDLT transport pigs had a shorter laying time than the LDNT and LDHT transport pigs. In conclusion, too high or too low density transport is generally not excellent for meat quality or animal welfare, however it is preferable to transport at a slightly low density at high temperature and at a slightly high density at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yongju Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Jungseok Choi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Won Yun
- Central Research Institute, Woosung Feed
Co., Ltd, Daejeon 34379, Korea
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Youngbin Go
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sanghun Park
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yunhwan Park
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Gyutae Park
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sehyuk Oh
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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An J, Kim Y, Song M, Choi J, Oh H, Chang S, Song D, Cho H, Park S, Jeon K, Park Y, Park G, Oh S, Kim Y, Choi N, Kim J, Kim H, Cho J. Effects of different levels of organic chromium and selenomethionine cocktails in broilers. J Anim Sci Technol 2023; 65:1226-1241. [PMID: 38616877 PMCID: PMC11007298 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral that plays an important role in physiological processes by regulating the antioxidant defense system and enhancing immunity. Chromium is an essential mineral involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and also plays a role in maintaining normal insulin function. Based on these advantages, we hypothesized that the addition of selenomethionine (SeMet) and organic chromium (OC) to broiler diets would increase Se deposition, antioxidant capacity and immune response in meat. Therefore, this study analyzed the effects of OC and SeMet on growh performance, nutrients digestibility, blood profiles, intestinal morphology, meat quality characteristics, and taxonomic analysis of broilers. A total of 168 one-day-old broiler chicken (Arbor Acres) were randomly allotted to 3 groups based on the initial body weight of 37.33 ± 0.24 g with 7 replicate per 8 birds (mixed sex). The experiments period was 28 days. Dietary treatments were folloewd: Basal diets based on corn-soybean meal (CON), basal diet supplemented with 0.2 ppm OC and 0.2 ppm SeMet (CS4), and basal diet supplemented with 0.4 ppm OC and 0.4 ppm SeMet (CS8). Supplementation of OC and SeMet did not affect on growth performance, nutrient digestibility. However, CS8 supplementation increased in duodenum villus height and villus height : crypt depth, and increased in breast meat Se deposition. In addition, CS8 group showed higher uric acid and total antioxidant status than CON group. Taxonomic analysis at phylum level revealed that Proteobacteria and Firmicutes of CS4 and CS8 were lower than CON group. In genus level, the relative abundance of fecal Lactobacillus and Enterococcus of CS4 and CS8 groups were higher than CON group. In short, 0.4 ppm OC and 0.4 ppm SeMet supplementation to broiler diet supporitng positive gut microbiome change, also enhancing antioxidant capacity, and Se deposition in breast meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Younggwang Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Jungseok Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sehyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kyeongho Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yunhwan Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | | | - Sehyuk Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yuna Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Nayoung Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | | | - Hyeunbum Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Chang S, Song M, Lee J, Oh H, Song D, An J, Cho H, Park S, Jeon K, Lee B, Nam J, Chun J, Kim H, Cho J. Effect of black soldier fly larvae as substitutes for fishmeal in broiler diet. J Anim Sci Technol 2023; 65:1290-1307. [PMID: 38616873 PMCID: PMC11007297 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of processed forms (defatted or hydrolyzed) of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L., BSFL) as a protein substitute on broilers. Experiment 1 was a feeding experiment, and Experiment 2 was a metabolism experiment. In Experiment 1, a total of 120 day-old Arbor Acres broilers (initial body weight 39.52 ± 0.24 g) were used for 28 days. There were 8 replicate pens, and 5 broilers were assigned to each pen. In Experiment 2, a total of 36 day-old broilers (initial body weight 39.49 ± 0.21 g) were used for the metabolism trial. There were 2 broilers in a metabolism cage and six replicate cages per treatment. The dietary treatments were as follows: a basal diet (CON), a basal diet without fishmeal and substitute with defatted BSFL (T1), a basal diet without fishmeal and a substitute with hydrolyzed BSFL (T2). In Experiment 1, during the entire experimental period, the T2 group significantly increased (p < 0.05) body weight gain and feed intake compared to the CON and T1 groups. The feed conversion ratio showed a lower tendency (p = 0.057) in the T2 group than in the CON and T1 groups. At 2 weeks, the CON and T2 groups were significantly higher (p < 0.05) crude protein (CP) digestibility than the T1 group. At 4 weeks, the total protein level significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the CON and T2 groups compared to the T1 group. In Experiment 2, the CP digestibility significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the T2 group compared to the CON and T1 group at weeks 2 and 4. At week 4 amino acid digestibility, the T2 group significantly increased (p < 0.05) lysine, methionine, tryptophan, and glycine digestibility compared to the T1 group. There was no difference in fecal microbiota among the treatment groups. In conclusion, feeding hydrolyzed BSFL as a fishmeal substitute in broiler diets improved growth performance, CP digestibility, and specific amino acid digestibility. Therefore, it is considered that hydrolyzed BSFL in broiler diets can be sufficiently used as a new protein source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Minho Song
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science,
Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jihwan Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, University
of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sehyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kyeongho Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | | | | | - Jiyeon Chun
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju
National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Hyeunbum Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Rahman S, Haque TN, Sugandhi VV, Saraswat AL, Xin X, Cho H. Topical Cream Carrying Drug-Loaded Nanogels for Melanoma Treatment. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2291-2301. [PMID: 37012533 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03506-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nanogel creams carrying paclitaxel (PTX) and temozolomide (TMZ) were prepared for the topical treatment of melanoma. PTX and TMZ were first loaded in poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-block-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly-(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLAG-b-PEG-b-PLGA) thermosensitive nanogels, which made a transition from a free-flowing sol (formation of micellar network) at 25°C with the z-average particle size of c.a. 96 nm to a gel (aggregation of micelles) at 33°C with the z-average particle size of c.a. 427 nm. An anhydrous absorption ointment base, aquaphor, was then added to drug-loaded nanogels to form nanogel creams carrying PTX and TMZ. Nanogel creams permitted controlled release of the payloads and improved the penetration of the payloads through the rodent skin compared to drug(s)-loaded nanogels. PTX and TMZ in a combination were synergistically effective in inhibiting SK-MEL28, A375, and B16-F10 melanoma cancer cells in vitro. Topically applied nanogel creams carrying TMZ/PTX (4 mg/1.5 mg/dose) showed a trend of tumor volume inhibition on B16-F10-bearing xenograft mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Rahman
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Tasmima N Haque
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Vrashabh V Sugandhi
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Aishwarya L Saraswat
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Xiaoban Xin
- OncoGone, Inc., 4539 Metropolitan Ct, Frederick, MD, 21704, USA
| | - Hyunah Cho
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
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Song D, Lee J, Kwak W, Oh H, Chang S, An J, Cho H, Park S, Jeon K, Cho J. Effects of stimbiotic supplementation on gut health, immune response, and intestinal microbiota in weaned piglets challenged with E. coli. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1187002. [PMID: 37538167 PMCID: PMC10394646 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1187002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to make piglet diets more effective, it is necessary to investigate effective methods for breaking down xylan in cereal. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary stimbiotic (STB) supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune response and intestinal microbiota in weaned piglets. A total of 24 (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) weaned pigs (initial body weight of 8.01 ± 0.38 kg and 28 ± 3 d old), were assigned to 4 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment. Pigs were housed in individual pens for 17 days, including 5 days adaption period and 12 days after the first Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenge. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of two levels of challenge (challenge and non-challenge) and two levels of STB (0 and 0.5 g/kg diet). Supplementations of STB 0.5 g/kg improved the gain to feed ratio (G:F) (P < 0.05) in piglets challenged with shiga toxigenic E. coli (STEC). STB supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6. Supplementation of STB improved (P < 0.05) the lymphocytes and neutrophils in piglets challenged with STEC on 12 dpi. Supplementation of STB also improved (P < 0.05) the villus height to-crypt depth ratio of ileum in piglets challenged with STEC. Supplementation of STB increased (P < 0.05) the expression levels of claudin-1 of ileum. In genus level, supplementation of STB increased (P < 0.001) the abundance of Prevotella compared to non-supplementation of STB groups in pre-inoculation period. Also, supplementation of STB decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group compared to non-supplementation of STB groups in post-inoculation period. In phylum level, supplementation of STB increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Desulfobacterota and Fibrobacterota in pre-inoculation period. E. coli challenge increased the abundance of Fibrobacterota compared to non-challenged group in post-inoculation period. In conclusion, these findings indicated that STB supplementation could alleviate a decrease of the performance, immune response, and inflammatory response in piglets induced by the STEC challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA, United States
| | - Woogi Kwak
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongho Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Cho H, Song D, Chang S, An J, Nam J, Lee B, Kim S, Kim WK, Cho J. Effects of Combinations of Toxin Binders with or without Natural Components on Broiler Breeders Exposed to Ochratoxin A. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2266. [PMID: 37508044 PMCID: PMC10376041 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of toxin binders on broiler breeders fed an ochratoxin A (OTA)-contaminated diet. A total of 60 45-week-old female Arbor Acres broiler breeder birds with an initial body weight of 3.65 ± 0.35 kg were randomly divided into 6 treatment groups, with 10 replicates per group and 1 bird per replicate. The trial was conducted for 9 weeks (including 1 week of adaptation). Feed additive 1 (FA1) was composed of clay minerals (85% bentonite and 12% clinoptilolite) with 3% charcoal. FA2 was composed of clay minerals (66.1% aluminosilicates) with natural components (0.8% artichoke and rosemary plant extracts), 7% yeast extract, 0.5% beta-glucans, and 25.6% carriers. The dietary treatment groups were as follows: (1) birds fed an OTA-free basal diet (Negative Control; NC); (2) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged birds fed a diet including OTA (4 mg/kg) (Positive Control, PC); (3) the PC with 0.05% FA1 (Treatment 1, T1); (4) the PC with 0.10% FA1 (Treatment 2, T2); (5) the PC with 0.10% FA2 (Treatment 3, T3); and (6) the PC with 0.20% FA2 (Treatment 4, T4). The LPS challenge (an intramuscular injection of 1 mg E. coli O55:B5 LPS per kg of body weight) was performed on the first day of the experiment. The results of this experiment show that the PC treatment negatively affected (p < 0.05) egg production, hatchability, Haugh unit, bone mineralization, relative organ weight (abdominal fat, liver), the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and total cholesterol in the blood, and OTA accumulation in the liver compared with the NC. However, supplementation with toxin binders mitigated (p < 0.05) the negative effects of the OTA. Specifically, supplementation with 0.10% FA1 and 0.10% FA2 increased (p < 0.05) eggshell strength by week 4, and the Haugh unit and bone mineralization (phosphorous) by week 8, while decreasing (p < 0.05) the relative weight of the liver and the levels of GOT and HDL in the blood. Supplementation with 0.10% FA2 led to greater improvements in various parameters, including laying performance and bone mineralization, than the other treatments. In conclusion, toxin binders with or without natural components can be effective tools in the mitigation of OTA-induced problems due to their synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihwan Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghun Nam
- Cherrybro Co., Ltd., Jincheon 27820, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoungkon Lee
- Cherrybro Co., Ltd., Jincheon 27820, Republic of Korea
| | - Sowoong Kim
- Provimi Co., Ltd., Seoul 06158, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Song D, Lee J, Kim K, Oh H, An J, Chang S, Cho H, Park S, Jeon K, Yoon Y, Yoo Y, Cho Y, Cho J. Effects of dietary supplementation of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains from kimchi in weaned piglet challenged with Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. J Anim Sci Technol 2023; 65:611-626. [PMID: 37332280 PMCID: PMC10271919 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella enterica (SE) infections in pigs are major source associated with enteric disease such as post weaning diarrhea. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Pediococcus pentosaceus in weaned piglets challenged with pathogen bacteria. In Experiment.1 90 weaned piglets with initial body weights of 8.53 ± 0.34 kg were assigned to 15 treatments for 2 weeks. The experiments were conducted two trials in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of two levels of challenge (challenge and non-challenge) with E. coli and SE, respectively and five levels of probiotics (Control, Lactobacillus plantarum [LA], Pediococcus pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1 [38W], Pediococcus acidilactici K [PK], Lactobacillus reuteri PF30 [PF30]). In Experiment.2 a total of 30 weaned pigs (initial body weight of 9.84 ± 0.85 kg) were used in 4 weeks experiment. Pigs were allocated to 5 groups in a randomized complete way with 2 pens per group and 3 pigs per pen. Supplementation of LA and 38W improved (p < 0.05) growth performance, intestinal pathogen bacteria count, fecal noxious odor and diarrhea incidence. In conclusion, supplementation of 38W strains isolated from white kimchi can act as probiotics by inhibiting E. coli and SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jihwan Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Kangheun Kim
- Department of Food Marketing and safety, Kunkuk University, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sehyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Kyeongho Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yohan Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Yoonjeong Yoo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Younghyun Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Lee H, Oh G, Cho H. Prognostic Value of Donor Specific Human Leukocyte Antibodies in Pre-Sensitized Heart Transplant Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
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Hyun J, Youn J, Kim J, Cho H, Lee H, Kang S, Kim J, Jeon E, Choi J. Impact of Recipient Age and Ecmo or Rrt Support on Post-Heart Transplant Outcomes: An Analysis of the Korean Organ Transplant Registry. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Lee J, Oh H, Kim Y, Song D, An J, Chang S, Go Y, Cho H, Lee B, Kim WK, Cho J. Effects of exogenous protease on performance, economic evaluation, nutrient digestibility, fecal score, intestinal morphology, blood profile, carcass trait and meat quality in broilers fed normal diets and diets considered with matrix value. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102565. [PMID: 37015140 PMCID: PMC10166708 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the effects of exogenous protease on performance, economic evaluation, nutrient digestibility, fecal score, intestinal morphology, blood profile, carcass traits, and meat quality in broilers fed normal diets and diets considered with matrix value. A total of 90, one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 3 dietary treatments with 6 replicates and each replicate of 5 broiler chickens. Treatments were as follows: 1) Basal diet (positive control, PC), 2) Basal diet formulated with full ProAct 360 matrix at 50 g/MT without addition of ProAct 360 (negative control, NC), 3) NC + 50 g/MT ProAct 360 (PA). Supplementation of exogenous protease to nutrient deficient NC diet by matrix values (PA) tended to increase growth performance and significantly improved intestinal morphology compared with the NC group. The PA group had significantly lower fecal score, and higher ATTD of crude protein and amino acids than those of the NC group. Furthermore, supplementation of exogenous protease to NC diet decreased feed cost, resulting in improved profit margin. However, there was no significant difference on carcass yield and relative organ weight. In conclusion, supplementation of exogenous protease using matrix value could be used as economic additive to improve growth, profit margin, digestibility, and gut health in broiler chickens.
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An J, Lee J, Song M, Oh H, Kim Y, Chang S, Go Y, Song D, Cho H, Park H, Kim HB, Cho J. Effects of supplemental different clay minerals in broiler chickens
under cyclic heat stress. J Anim Sci Technol 2022; 65:113-131. [PMID: 37093908 PMCID: PMC10119463 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplementing clay minerals and organic chromium in feed on broiler chicken under heat stress (HS). A total of 90 one-day-old broiler chicken (Arbor Acres) with an initial body weight of 45.0 ± 0.2 g were assigned to five treatment groups (six replications, three birds each cage): 1) NC group, basal diet under room temperature environment; 2) PC group, basal diet under high temperature (HT) environment; 3) ILT group, basal diet + 1% illite + HT; 4) ZLT group, basal diet + 1% zeolite + HT; 5) OC group, basal diet + 400 ppb/kg organic chromium + HT. The ILT and ZLT groups had significantly higher body weight than the PC group in 4 weeks. Apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy was increased in the ILT, ZLT, and OC groups compared to the PC group. The NC group had lower foot-pad dermatitis score than other groups. Escherichia coli population in the cecum and feces was decreased in the ZLT group than in the PC group. Lactobacillus in cecum and feces was significantly increased in the ZLT group than in the PC group. Regarding blood profiles, blood cortisol was decreased in the NC and ILT groups compared to the PC group. Water holding capacity and pH were increased in the ZLT group than the PC group. In conclusion, according to the results of growth performance, nutrients digestibility, bacteria counts, and meat characteristics, supplementation of the ZLT in broiler diet can alleviate HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jihwan Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, University
of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Minho Song
- Department of Animal Science and
Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134,
Korea
| | - Hanjin Oh
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yongju Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Youngbin Go
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyunah Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Haeryoung Park
- Korea Agriculture Technology Promotion
Agency, Iksan 54667, Korea
| | - Hyeun Bum Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Corresponding author: Hyeun Bum Kim,
Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116,
Korea. Tel: +82-41-550-3653, E-mail:
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Corresponding author: Jinho Cho,
Division of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
Tel: +82-43-261-2544, E-mail:
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Cho H, Yoon D, Kim D, Kang KW, Kwak JY, Tan SM, Lee JO, Oh S, Do Y, Jeong S, Kang H, Koh Y, Kim H, Kim SH, Won J, Chen TY, Yang D, Chin N, Eom HS, Kim W. 206MO Treatment patterns in patients with mantle cell lymphoma: Report of the Asia-Pacific multinational retrospective registry study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Kim J, Park JH, Moon S, Kim S, Song J, Ahn S, Cho H. 46 The Effect of Mechanical Chest Compression Device on Survival After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest According to Patient Transport Interval: A Multi-center Observational Study. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Jin BY, Song J, Kim J, Park JH, Kim S, Cho H, Moon S, Kim DH, Ahn S. 127 Effect of Metformin on Survival Outcomes in In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients With Diabetes. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Cho JH, Lee SW, Yun J, Kim HO, Cho H, Song S, Oh IJ. 115P Combination of two distinct subsets of peripheral blood CD8+ T cells from patients with NSCLC predicts response outcome to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Kim S, Bae H, Chu J, Cho H, Choi S, Hwang K, Jo Y, Kim S. 907P A real-time histologic evaluation of gastric cancer tissue by using confocal laser endomicroscopic system. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Ju J, Han K, Ryu J, Cho H. Nurses’ attitudes toward antimicrobial stewardship in South Korea. J Hosp Infect 2022; 129:162-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Park K, Byeon J, Yang Y, Cho H. Healthcare utilisation for elderly people at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:395. [PMID: 35524173 PMCID: PMC9072758 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health care systems were severely disrupted in many countries and in particular, elderly people vulnerable to COVID-19 may have been reluctant to receive their medical treatment. METHODS We conducted interrupted time series analyses (ITSA) using nationwide medical claim data between January 2020 and July 2020, with focus on different disease categories for the patients of 65 to 84-year-olds, i.e., acute upper respiratory infections (AURIs) vs. chronic diseases. RESULTS AURIs and chronic diseases showed a sharp contrast with respect to the change in healthcare service utilisation. First, the utilisation rate for chronic diseases changed little whereas for AURIs it dropped by 20.4% year-over-year (yoy) at the onset of the pandemic (week 6, 2020). Second, as social distancing relaxed (week 17, 2020), the AURIs patients trended up and even reached to 7.8% above yoy whereas no significant change found for chronic diseases. CONCLUSIONS The uninterrupted treatment for chronic diseases in contrast to the AURIs implies that the governmental and public responses to the pandemic outbreak worked for efficient healthcare provision to patients in needs of regular check-ups and treatment in the middle of an infectious disease crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Park
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, 26464 South Korea
| | - J. Byeon
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, 26464 South Korea
| | - Y. Yang
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, 26464 South Korea
| | - H. Cho
- Health Insurance Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, 26464 South Korea
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Lee S, Dong-Won Y, Cheon J, Lee S, Cho H, Kim I. M231 Application trial of moving average as a tool of realtime quality control of clinical chemistry. Clin Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Terashima M, Sano T, Mizusawa J, Uemura K, Tokunaga M, Omori T, Cho H, Hasegawa Y, Akiyama Y, Tsujitani H, Kawashima Y, Kawachi Y, Lee S, Boku N, Yoshikawa T, Sasako M. 1417P Prediction of the peritoneal recurrence by macroscopic diagnosis of the serosal invasion in gastric cancer: Supplementary analysis of JCOG0110 study. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kim S, Cho H, Bang D, De Marchi D, El-Zaatari H, Shah KS, Valancius M, Zikry TM, Kosorok MR. Discussion of ‘Estimating time-varying causal excursion effects in mobile health with binary outcomes’. Biometrika 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biomet/asaa094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
In this discussion, we examine the contributions of Qian et al. (2021) and potential applications of the newly developed estimator for the causal excursion effect in binary outcome data. Specifically, we consider extension of their method to count outcomes and observational data, propose an alternative use of their method for analysing excursion effect trajectories and discuss ways of improving estimator efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - D Bang
- Ancestry, 153 Townsend St, San Francisco, California 94129, U.S.A
| | - D De Marchi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - H El-Zaatari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - K S Shah
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - M Valancius
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - T M Zikry
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
| | - M R Kosorok
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, U.S.A
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Cho H, Kishikawa T, Tokita Y, Suzuki M, Takemoto N, Hanamoto A, Fukusumi T, Yamamoto M, Fujii M, Ohno Y, Inohara H. Corrigendum to "Prevalence of human papillomavirus in oral gargles and tonsillar washings" [Oral Oncol. 105 (2020) 104669]. Oral Oncol 2021; 120:105478. [PMID: 34366245 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - T Kishikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Y Tokita
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Nursing, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - M Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - N Takemoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - A Hanamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - T Fukusumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - M Fujii
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Y Ohno
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - H Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Kumagai K, Yagi S, Yamaguchi T, Nagashima K, Nomura T, Watanabe M, Makuuchi R, Kawakami K, Otsuka S, Matsushima T, Kadowaki S, Haruta S, Cho H, Yamada T, Kakihara N, Imai Y, Fukunaga H, Saeki Y, Kanaji S, Boku N, Goto M. P-83 The efficacy of chemotherapy for gastric cancer with early recurrence during or after adjuvant S-1. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Kim HJ, Cho H, Park M, Kim JW, Ahn SJ, Lyoo CH, Suh SH, Ryu YH. MRI-Visible Perivascular Spaces in the Centrum Semiovale Are Associated with Brain Amyloid Deposition in Patients with Alzheimer Disease-Related Cognitive Impairment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1231-1238. [PMID: 33985952 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association of perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale with amyloid accumulation among patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment is unknown. We evaluated this association in patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment and β-amyloid deposition, assessed with [18F] florbetaben PET/CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR imaging and [18F] florbetaben PET/CT images of 144 patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment were retrospectively evaluated. MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces were rated on a 4-point visual scale: a score of ≥3 or <3 indicated a high or low degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces, respectively. Amyloid deposition was evaluated using the brain β-amyloid plaque load scoring system. RESULTS Compared with patients negative for β-amyloid, those positive for it were older and more likely to have lower cognitive function, a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, white matter hyperintensity, the Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele, and a high degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale. Multivariable analysis, adjusted for age and Apolipoprotein E status, revealed that a high degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale was independently associated with β-amyloid positivity (odds ratio, 2.307; 95% CI, 1.036-5.136; P = .041). CONCLUSIONS A high degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale independently predicted β-amyloid positivity in patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment. Thus, MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale are associated with amyloid pathology of the brain and could be an indirect imaging marker of amyloid burden in patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.K., Y.H.R.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.K.), Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | | | - M Park
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J W Kim
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Ahn
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - S H Suh
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Ryu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.K., Y.H.R.)
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Park C, Oh H, Kim M, Kim B, Cho H, Oh I, Kim Y. P34.08 Circulating Tumor Cell as a Predictive Marker for Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yoon SH, Yang S, Cho H, Eun S, Koo CM, Kim MK. Point-of-care testing for the detection of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:503-517. [PMID: 33506942 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202101_24422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization (FDA-EUA) authorized point-of-care tests (POCTs) for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for articles published till August 10, 2020. We included studies providing information regarding diagnostic test accuracy of FDA-EUA POCTs for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The methodologic quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. The review protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (protocol number CRD42020202248). RESULTS We included 26 studies describing a total of 3242 samples. The summary sensitivity and specificity were 0.94 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-0.97] and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99-1.00), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99-1.00). A pooled analysis based on the index test revealed a summary sensitivity and specificity of Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 [0.99 (95% CI: 0.97-1.00) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.94-1.00, respectively)] and ID NOW COVID-19 [0.78 (95% CI: 0.74-0.82) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.98-1.00), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS FDA-EUA POCTs, especially molecular assays, have high sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic accuracy for detecting SARS-CoV-2. If approved, FDA-EUA POCTs can provide a rapid and practical way to identify infected individuals early on and help to limit the strain on the healthcare system. However, more high-quality clinical data are required to support our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Heimisdottir LH, Lin BM, Cho H, Orlenko A, Ribeiro AA, Simon-Soro A, Roach J, Shungin D, Ginnis J, Simancas-Pallares MA, Spangler HD, Zandoná AGF, Wright JT, Ramamoorthy P, Moore JH, Koo H, Wu D, Divaris K. Metabolomics Insights in Early Childhood Caries. J Dent Res 2021; 100:615-622. [PMID: 33423574 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520982963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is characterized by a dysbiotic shift at the biofilm-tooth surface interface, yet comprehensive biochemical characterizations of the biofilm are scant. We used metabolomics to identify biochemical features of the supragingival biofilm associated with early childhood caries (ECC) prevalence and severity. The study's analytical sample comprised 289 children ages 3 to 5 (51% with ECC) who attended public preschools in North Carolina and were enrolled in a community-based cross-sectional study of early childhood oral health. Clinical examinations were conducted by calibrated examiners in community locations using International Caries Detection and Classification System (ICDAS) criteria. Supragingival plaque collected from the facial/buccal surfaces of all primary teeth in the upper-left quadrant was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Associations between individual metabolites and 18 clinical traits (based on different ECC definitions and sets of tooth surfaces) were quantified using Brownian distance correlations (dCor) and linear regression modeling of log2-transformed values, applying a false discovery rate multiple testing correction. A tree-based pipeline optimization tool (TPOT)-machine learning process was used to identify the best-fitting ECC classification metabolite model. There were 503 named metabolites identified, including microbial, host, and exogenous biochemicals. Most significant ECC-metabolite associations were positive (i.e., upregulations/enrichments). The localized ECC case definition (ICDAS ≥1 caries experience within the surfaces from which plaque was collected) had the strongest correlation with the metabolome (dCor P = 8 × 10-3). Sixteen metabolites were significantly associated with ECC after multiple testing correction, including fucose (P = 3.0 × 10-6) and N-acetylneuraminate (p = 6.8 × 10-6) with higher ECC prevalence, as well as catechin (P = 4.7 × 10-6) and epicatechin (P = 2.9 × 10-6) with lower. Catechin, epicatechin, imidazole propionate, fucose, 9,10-DiHOME, and N-acetylneuraminate were among the top 15 metabolites in terms of ECC classification importance in the automated TPOT model. These supragingival biofilm metabolite findings provide novel insights in ECC biology and can serve as the basis for the development of measures of disease activity or risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Heimisdottir
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - B M Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Orlenko
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A A Ribeiro
- Division of Diagnostic Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A Simon-Soro
- Biofilm Research Labs, Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Roach
- Research Computing, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - D Shungin
- Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Ginnis
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M A Simancas-Pallares
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - H D Spangler
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A G Ferreira Zandoná
- Department of Comprehensive Care, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J T Wright
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - J H Moore
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Koo
- Biofilm Research Labs, Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Division of Oral & Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K Divaris
- Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Hwa Young C, Ki M, Ha M, Kim KA, Cho H. Association between viral hepatitis infection and Parkinson's disease: A population-based study. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Han G, Cho H, Kim J, Hwang I, Chung J, Kang E, Hewitt S. Clinical significance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in hormone receptors positive epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shin H, Chay D, Yang W, Cho H, Jeon S, Lee B, Han G, Lee E, Kim J. Cancer-associated protein Tetraspanin1 increases cell growth through AMPK in atypical endometriosis. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Park J, Kang M, Cho H. SMA - CLINICAL. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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Nahmoud I, Vasquez JG, Cho H, Dennis-Tiwary T, Likhtik E. Salient safety conditioning improves novel discrimination learning. Behav Brain Res 2020; 397:112907. [PMID: 32956774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Generalized fear is one purported mechanism of anxiety that is a target of clinical and basic research. Impaired fear discrimination has been primarily examined from the perspective of increased fear learning, rather than how learning about non-threatening stimuli affects fear discrimination. To address this question, we tested how three Safety Conditioning protocols with varied levels of salience allocated to the safety cue compared to classic Fear Conditioning in their impact on subsequent innate anxiety, and differential fear learning of new aversive and neutral cues. Using a high anxiety strain of mice (129SvEv, Taconic), we show that Fear Conditioned animals show little exploration of the anxiogenic center of an open field 24 h later, and poor discrimination during new differential conditioning 7 days later. Three groups of mice underwent Safety Conditioning, (i) the safety tone was unpaired with a shock, (ii) the safety tone was unpaired with the shock and co-terminated with a house light signaling the end of the safety period, and (iii) the safety tone was unpaired with the shock and its beginning co-occurred with a house light, signaling the start of a safety period. Mice from all Safety Conditioning groups showed higher levels of open field exploration than the Fear Conditioned mice 24 h after training. Furthermore, Safety Conditioned animals showed improved discrimination learning of a novel non-threat, with the Salient Beginning safety conditioned group performing best. These findings indicate that high anxiety animals benefit from salient safety training to improve exploration and discrimination of new non-threating stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Nahmoud
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - J Ganay Vasquez
- Chemistry Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - H Cho
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, NY, United States; Psychology Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - T Dennis-Tiwary
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, NY, United States; Psychology Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States
| | - E Likhtik
- Biology Dept., Hunter College, CUNY, New York, NY, United States; Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, CUNY, NY, United States.
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Serris I, Serris P, Frey KM, Cho H. Development of 3D-Printed Layered PLGA Films for Drug Delivery and Evaluation of Drug Release Behaviors. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:256. [PMID: 32888114 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
3D printing has been widely used to rapidly manufacture a variety of solid dosage forms on-demand, without sacrificing precision. This study used extrusion-based 3D printing to prepare single-layered, tri-layered, and core-in-shell poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) films carrying paclitaxel and rapamycin in combination or lidocaine alone. Each layer was composed of either low molecular weight (MW) PLGA or high MW PLGA. In vitro drug release kinetics of paclitaxel, rapamycin, and lidocaine for PLGA films were assessed and compared with PLGA-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-PLGA hydrogel discs. Regardless of the structure of PLGA film, paclitaxel (half-time: 54-63 days) was released faster than when compared with rapamycin (half-time: 74-80 days). In contrast, single-layered PLGA-PEG-PLGA discs released rapamycin (half-time 5.7 h) at a more rapid rate than paclitaxel (half-time: 7.3 h). Single-layered PLGA-PEG-PLGA discs enabled a faster drug release than PLGA films, noting that the disc matrices dissolve in water in 24 h. Similarly, lidocaine incorporated in PLGA films (half-time: 13-36 days) exhibited slower release patterns than that in PLGA-PEG-PLGA discs (half-time: 2.6 h). In vitro drug release patterns were explained using molecular models that simulate drug-polymer interactions. Analysis of models suggested that drug-polymer interactions, location of each drug in the polymeric matrix, and solubility of drugs in water were major factors that determine drug release behaviors from the polymeric films and discs.
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Cho H, Ryu M, Lee S, Park Y, Park Y, Chae H, Kim KH, Kim C, Kim B, Yoo MW, Kang YK. 1635P Clinical and pathologic prognostic factors for residual lesion surgery following disease control with standard dose imatinib (IM) in patients (pts) with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Kim A, Park S, Lee H, Cho H, Kang H. PCN90 Development of Time-Dependent Markov MODEL to Evaluate the Cost-Effectiveness of Treatment Options for Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-CELL Lymphoma in South Korea. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lee DK, Kang MS, Cho H. MRI size assessment of cerebral microvasculature using diffusion-time-dependent stimulated-echo acquisition: A feasibility study in rodent. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116784. [PMID: 32276059 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a stimulated-echo (STE) method was employed to robustify the cerebral vessel size estimation near air-tissue, bone-tissue interfaces, and large vessels. The proposed solution is to replace the relaxation rate change from gradient-echo (GRE) with that from STE with long diffusion time after the injection of an intravascular contrast agent, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The corresponding diffusion length of STE is shorter than the length over which the unwanted macroscopic field inhomogeneities but is still longer than the correlation length of the fields induced by small vessels. Therefore, the unwanted field inhomogeneities are refocused, while preserving microscopic susceptibility contrast from cerebral vessels. The mean vessel diameter (dimensionless) derived from the diffusion-time-varying STE method was compared to the mean vessel diameter obtained by a conventional spin-echo (SE) and GRE combination based on Monte-Carlo proton diffusion simulations and in vivo rat experiments at 7 T. The in vivo mean vessel diameter from the MRI experiments was directly compared to available reference mouse brain vasculature obtained by a knife-edge scanning microscope (KESM), which is considered to be the gold standard. Monte-Carlo simulation revealed that SE and GRE-based MR relaxation rate changes (ΔR2 and ΔR2∗, respectively) can be enhanced using single STE-based MR relaxation rate change (ΔRSTE) by regulating diffusion time, especially for small vessels. The in vivo mean vessel diameter from the STE method demonstrated a closer agreement with that from the KESM compared to the combined SE and GRE method, especially in the olfactory bulb and cortex. This study demonstrates that STE relaxation rate changes can be used as consistent measures for assessing small cerebral microvasculature, where macroscopic field inhomogeneity is severe and signal contamination from adjacent large vessels is significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - M S Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
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Cho H, Kishikawa T, Tokita Y, Suzuki M, Takemoto N, Hanamoto A, Fukusumi T, Yamamoto M, Fujii M, Ohno Y, Inohara H. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in oral gargles and tonsillar washings. Oral Oncol 2020; 105:104669. [PMID: 32259682 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection drives carcinogenesis in the oropharynx. No standard sampling or HPV detection methods for evaluating oropharyngeal HPV infection exist. The prevalence of oral HPV infection in Japan is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 435 healthy Japanese individuals to address whether adding tonsillar washing to oral gargling would improve HPV detection. We compared HPV assessment using GENOSEARCH HPV31 versus nested PCR and direct sequencing. Associations between HPV infection and demographic and behavioral characteristics were examined. RESULTS Most participants who were HPV-positive based on oral gargles were also HPV-positive based on tonsillar washings: 11 (64.7%) of 17 on nested PCR and 12 (70.6%) of 17 on GENOSEARCH HPV31. Although HPV infection was more prevalent in oral gargles followed by tonsillar washings than in oral gargles alone, the difference was not statistically significant (nested PCR, 4.8% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.46; GENOSEARCH HPV31, 5.3% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.33). The overall agreement between nested PCR and GENOSEARCH HPV31 was 98.6%, with 76.0% positive agreement. The overall prevalence of oral HPV infection in Japan was 5.7% (95% confidence interval, 3.9-8.3%). Men had a significantly higher prevalence of oral HPV infection than women (8.3% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.02). Infection increased with number of lifetime sexual partners (P < 0.001 for trend). CONCLUSION The oropharynx is probably the major source of HPV-infected cells in oral gargles. Oral gargling could be a standard sampling method for evaluating oropharyngeal HPV infection. GENOSEARCH HPV31 could be an option for oral HPV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - T Kishikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Y Tokita
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Nursing, Kyoto Tachibana University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - M Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - N Takemoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - A Hanamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - T Fukusumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - M Fujii
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Y Ohno
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - H Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Oh G, Lee H, Oh J, Cho H, Choi J, Jung S, Kim J, Jeon E, Kang S. Role of Anti-Vimentin Antibodies in Pre-Sensitized Korean Heart Transplant Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Kwon MR, Shin JH, Park H, Cho H, Hahn SY, Park KW. Radiomics Study of Thyroid Ultrasound for Predicting BRAF Mutation in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Preliminary Results. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:700-705. [PMID: 32273326 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is not known how radiomics using ultrasound images contribute to the detection of BRAF mutation. This study aimed to evaluate whether a radiomics study of gray-scale ultrasound can predict the presence or absence of B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) mutation in papillary thyroid cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study retrospectively included 96 thyroid nodules that were surgically confirmed papillary thyroid cancers between January 2012 and June 2013. BRAF mutation was positive in 48 nodules and negative in 48 nodules. For analysis, ROIs from the nodules were demarcated manually on both longitudinal and transverse sonographic images. We extracted a total of 86 radiomics features derived from histogram parameters, gray-level co-occurrence matrix, intensity size zone matrix, and shape features. These features were used to build 3 different classifier models, including logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest using 5-fold cross-validation. The performance including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, of the different models was evaluated. RESULTS The incidence of high-suspicion nodules diagnosed on ultrasound was higher in the BRAF mutation-positive group than in the mutation-negative group (P = .004). The radiomics approach demonstrated that all classification models showed moderate performance for predicting the presence of BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancers with an area under the curve value of 0.651, accuracy of 64.3%, sensitivity of 66.8%, and specificity of 61.8%, on average, for the 3 models. CONCLUSIONS Radiomics study using thyroid sonography is limited in predicting the BRAF mutation status of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Further studies will be needed to validate our results using various diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-R Kwon
- From the Department of Radiology (M.-r.K., J.H.S., S.Y.H., K.W.P.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology (M.-r.K.), Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Shin
- From the Department of Radiology (M.-r.K., J.H.S., S.Y.H., K.W.P.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Park
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research/School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering (H.P.), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - H Cho
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research/Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering (H.C.), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - S Y Hahn
- From the Department of Radiology (M.-r.K., J.H.S., S.Y.H., K.W.P.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Park
- From the Department of Radiology (M.-r.K., J.H.S., S.Y.H., K.W.P.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim D, Choi J, Cho H, Jung S, Lee J, Lee H, Kang S, Kim J, Jeon E. The Prognostic Importance of Perioperative Renal Function and Outcome of Patients Undergoing Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Persaud S, Eid S, Swiderski N, Serris I, Cho H. Preparations of Rectal Suppositories Containing Artesunate. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030222. [PMID: 32131543 PMCID: PMC7150883 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rectal artesunate suppositories are a useful option for pre-referral treatment of severe malaria, specifically in children under 6 years of age in remote malaria-endemic areas. The main challenges are to improve the solubility of drugs in the rectal fluids and prevent the product from turning rancid or melting in a tropical climate. In this short proof-of-concept study, three types of rectal suppositories of artesunate were prepared: (i) polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based suppositories carrying free artesunate (non-modified artesunate), (ii) PEG-based suppositories carrying artesunate-loaded micelles and (iii) 3D-printed suppositories carrying a PEG/artesunate mixture. Physical parameters of suppositories, release profiles of artesunate (the fastest to the slowest: ii≥i>iii) and thermostability (the most stable to the least stable: iii>ii>i) of suppositories at increased temperature were assessed to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each formulation.
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Asasira J, Mai T, Lee S, Wabinga H, Chang Y, Jung SY, Cho H. Planning for future cancer control programs in Uganda: Projections of top five cancers’ incidence in the next decade. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz432.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Choi J, Cho H, Chay D, Kwon H, Han G, Kim J. Autotaxin in malignant ascites promotes invadopodia formation via reactive oxygen species in ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hua V, Cho H, Li S, Sarin K. 269 Comorbidity clusters in hidradenitis suppurativa in a large commercially insured population in the US. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee JY, Cho H, Hwang E, Kim SY, Kim S. Structural and molecular modelling studies of antimelanogenic piper-amide TRPM1 antagonists. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2019; 30:195-207. [PMID: 30773912 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2019.1574894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Piper-amides exhibit diverse biological activities, including antimelanogenic effects. In our previous studies, we identified a potent piper-amide derivative that inhibited melanogenesis via the TRPM1 calcium channel. Despite its potential as a therapeutic target, the three-dimensional structure of TRPM1 is still not available. Thus, structure-guided compound design and the discovery of novel inhibitors of melanogenesis have been limited. In the present study, a series of computational methods, including homology modelling, docking, molecular dynamics simulation and field-based pharmacophore modelling, were integrated to explore the structural features of natural piper-amide-like compounds related to the TRPM1 target. These studies suggested the binding mode and provided a 3D pharmacophore model of the ligands, which can be helpful in understanding the TRPM1-ligand interactions at the molecular level and in designing potent antagonists of TRPM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Lee
- a College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
- b Chemical Data-Driven Research Center , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - H Cho
- a College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
| | - E Hwang
- c College of Pharmacy , Gachon University , Incheon , Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- c College of Pharmacy , Gachon University , Incheon , Korea
| | - S Kim
- a College of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
- d Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
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Boku N, Ryu MH, Kato K, Chung HC, Minashi K, Lee KW, Cho H, Kang WK, Komatsu Y, Tsuda M, Yamaguchi K, Hara H, Fumita S, Azuma M, Chen LT, Kang YK. Safety and efficacy of nivolumab in combination with S-1/capecitabine plus oxaliplatin in patients with previously untreated, unresectable, advanced, or recurrent gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer: interim results of a randomized, phase II trial (ATTRACTION-4). Ann Oncol 2019; 30:250-258. [PMID: 30566590 PMCID: PMC6386029 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab is approved as an option for third- or later-line treatment of advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer in several countries after ATTRACTION-2. To further improve the therapeutic efficacy of first-line therapy, exploration of a nivolumab-chemotherapy combination is warranted. In part 1 (phase II) of ATTRACTION-4, the safety and efficacy of nivolumab combined with S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CapeOX) as first-line therapy for unresectable advanced or recurrent human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative G/GEJ cancer were evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomized (1 : 1) to receive nivolumab (360 mg intravenously every 3 weeks) plus SOX (S-1, 40 mg/m2 orally twice daily for 14 days followed by 7 days off; oxaliplatin, 130 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 every 3 weeks) or CapeOX (capecitabine, 1000 mg/m2 orally twice daily for 14 days followed by 7 days off; oxaliplatin, 130 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 every 3 weeks) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. RESULTS Of 40 randomized patients, 39 (nivolumab plus SOX, 21; nivolumab plus CapeOX, 18) and 38 (21 and 17, respectively) comprised the safety and efficacy populations, respectively. Most frequent (>10%) grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events were neutropenia (14.3%) in the nivolumab plus SOX group, and neutropenia (16.7%), anemia, peripheral sensory neuropathy, decreased appetite, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and nausea (11.1% each) in the nivolumab plus CapeOX group. No treatment-related death occurred. Objective response rate was 57.1% (95% confidence interval 34.0-78.2) with nivolumab plus SOX and 76.5% (50.1-93.2) with nivolumab plus CapeOX. Median overall survival was not reached (NR) in both groups. Median progression-free survival was 9.7 months (5.8-NR) and 10.6 months (5.6-12.5), respectively. CONCLUSION Nivolumab combined with SOX/CapeOX was well tolerated and demonstrated encouraging efficacy for unresectable advanced or recurrent HER2-negative G/GEJ cancer. ATTRACTION-4 has proceeded to part 2 (phase III) to compare nivolumab plus SOX/CapeOX versus placebo plus SOX/CapeOX. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV ID NCT02746796.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Boku
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M-H Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Kato
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H C Chung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Song Dang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K Minashi
- Clinical Trial Promotion Department, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - K-W Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (previously Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - W K Kang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Komatsu
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Hokkaido University Hospital Cancer Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M Tsuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Oncology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
| | - K Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - S Fumita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nara Hospital Kindai University, Ikoma, Japan
| | - M Azuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - L-T Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y-K Kang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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