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Hirose K, Konno A, Yoshimoto S, Ono K, Otsuki N, Hatazawa J, Hiratsuka J, Takai Y. Updated results of a phase II study evaluating accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT) with borofalan(10B) (SPM-011) in recurrent squamous cell carcinoma (R-SCC-HN) and recurrent and locally advanced non-SCC (R/LA-nSCC-HN) of the head and neck. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz252.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Fujii T, Miyabe J, Yoshii T, Suzuki M, Otozai S, Komukai S, Kishikawa T, Takemoto N, Fukusumi T, Tatsumi M, Hatazawa J, Inohara H. Metabolic tumor volume of metastatic lymph nodes and survival after total laryngectomy in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2019; 93:107-113. [PMID: 31109690 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in locally advanced laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer is established in the setting of chemoradiotherapy, while it remains unknown in the setting of upfront total laryngectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 88 patients receiving total laryngectomy and neck dissection, using Cox regression models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Variables related to metastatic lymph node were associated with overall survival, whereas those related to primary tumor were not. In multivariable models, MTV of metastatic lymph nodes (N-MTV) as a continuous variable (Akaike's information criterion (AIC), 277.5) was equivalent to pathological nodal status (AIC, 278.2; P = 0.40), and superior to pathological nodal classification as an ordinal variable (AIC, 281.4; P < 0.05) in ability of predicting death. The risk of death was increased by 1.2-fold (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-1.4; P = 0.03) every 10-ml increment of N-MTV, while patients with pN+ disease were at a higher risk of death by 2.9-fold (95% CI, 1.0-12.2; P < 0.05) compared with patients with pN0 disease. Using recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), we classified the patients as having a low, intermediate, or high risk of death on the basis of N-MTV and extranodal extension (ENE). This RPA classification system exhibited greater concordance with overall survival than the classification considering pathological nodal status and ENE (AIC, 275.8 versus 281.4; P = 0.02). In the setting of upfront total laryngectomy, N-MTV is a critical predictor of mortality. A staging system in which N-MTV is incorporated may better inform adjuvant treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fujii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Miyabe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Yoshii
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - S Otozai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Komukai
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Division of Biomedical Statistics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kishikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - N Takemoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Fukusumi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - M Tatsumi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - J Hatazawa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Takano K, Kinoshita M, Arita H, Okita Y, Chiba Y, Kagawa N, Fujimoto Y, Kishima H, Kanemura Y, Nonaka M, Nakajima S, Shimosegawa E, Hatazawa J, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of 11C-Methionine PET for Nonenhancing Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:44-50. [PMID: 26381556 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Noninvasive radiologic evaluation of glioma can facilitate correct diagnosis and detection of malignant transformation. Although positron-emission tomography is considered valuable in the care of patients with gliomas, (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose and (11)C-methionine have reportedly shown ambiguous results in terms of grading and prognostication. The present study compared the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of diffusion tensor imaging, FDG, and (11)C-methionine PET in nonenhancing gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five consecutive newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed nonenhancing gliomas that underwent both FDG and (11)C-methionine PET were retrospectively investigated (23 grade II and 12 grade III gliomas). Apparent diffusion coefficient, fractional anisotropy, and tumor-to-normal tissue ratios of both FDG and (11)C-methionine PET were compared between grade II and III gliomas. Prognostic values of these parameters were also tested by using progression-free survival. RESULTS Grade III gliomas showed significantly higher average tumor-to-normal tissue and maximum tumor2-to-normal tissue than grade II gliomas in (11)C-methionine (P = .013, P = .0017, respectively), but not in FDG-PET imaging. There was no significant difference in average ADC, minimum ADC, average fractional anisotropy, and maximum fractional anisotropy. (11)C-methionine PET maximum tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 2.0 was most suitable for detecting grade III gliomas among nonenhancing gliomas (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 73.9%). Among patients not receiving any adjuvant therapy, median progression-free survival was 64.2 ± 7.2 months in patients with maximum tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of <2.0 for (11)C-methionine PET and 18.6 ± 6.9 months in patients with maximum tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of >2.0 (P = .0044). CONCLUSIONS (11)C-methionine PET holds promise for World Health Organization grading and could offer a prognostic imaging biomarker for nonenhancing gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takano
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K.), Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
| | - M Kinoshita
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K.), Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
| | - H Arita
- Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
| | - Y Okita
- Department of Neurosurgery (Y.O., Y.K., M.N., S.N.)
| | - Y Chiba
- Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.) Department of Neurosurgery (Y.C.), Kansai Rosai Hospital, Itami, Japan
| | - N Kagawa
- Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
| | - Y Fujimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery (Y.F.), Osaka Neurological Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - H Kishima
- Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
| | - Y Kanemura
- Department of Neurosurgery (Y.O., Y.K., M.N., S.N.) Division of Regenerative Medicine (Y.K.), Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Nonaka
- Department of Neurosurgery (Y.O., Y.K., M.N., S.N.) Department of Neurosurgery (M.N.), Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Nakajima
- Department of Neurosurgery (Y.O., Y.K., M.N., S.N.)
| | - E Shimosegawa
- Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics (E.S., J.H.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Hatazawa
- Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics (E.S., J.H.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Hashimoto
- Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
| | - T Yoshimine
- Departments of Neurosurgery (K.T., M.K., H.A., Y.C., N.K., H.K., N.H., T.Y.)
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Kinoshita M, Arita H, Kagawa N, Watanabe Y, Hatazawa J, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T. NI-48 * COMPARISON OF DTI AND 11C-METHIONINE PET FOCUSING ON THEIR PREDICTIVE VALUES OF TUMOR CELL DENSITY IN GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou264.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Choi YJ, Gabikian P, Zhu F, Appelbaum DE, Wollmann RL, Lukas RV, Xu LW, Thomas RP, Lober RM, Nagpal S, Li G, Megyesi JF, Macdonald D, Chaudhary N, Berghoff AS, Spanberger T, Magerle M, Dinhof C, Woehrer A, Hackl M, Birner P, Widhalm G, Marosi C, Prayer D, Preusser M, Kamson DO, Juhasz C, Buth A, Kupsky WJ, Muzik O, Robinette NL, Barger GR, Mittal S, Kinoshita M, Hirayama R, Chiba Y, Kagawa N, Nonaka M, Kanemura Y, Kishima H, Nakajima S, Hatazawa J, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Kim EH, Kim SH, Nowosielski M, Hutterer M, Putzer D, Iglseder S, Seiz M, Jacobs AH, Gobel G, Stockhammer G, Hutterer M, Nowosielski M, Putzer D, Iglseder S, Seiz M, Jacobs AH, Gobel G, Stockhammer G, Juhasz C, Buth A, Kamson DO, Kupsky WJ, Barger GR, Mittal S, Zach L, Guez D, Last D, Daniels D, Grober Y, Nissim O, Hoffman C, Nass D, Spiegelmann R, Cohen ZR, Mardor Y, Mittal S, Buth A, Kupsky WJ, Kamson DO, Barger GR, Juhasz C, Perreault S, Lober RM, Zhang GH, Hershon L, Decarie JC, Yeom K, Vogel H, Partap S, Carret AS, Fisher PG, Colen RR, Changlai T, Sathyan P, Gutman D, Zinn P, Colen RR, Kovacs A, Zinn P, Jolesz F, Colen RR, Zinn P, Asthagiri A, Vasquez R, Butman J, Wu T, Morgan K, Brewer C, King K, Zalewski C, Jeffrey Kim H, Lonser R, Akbari H, Da X, Macyszyn L, Verma R, Wolf RL, Bilello M, Melhem ER, O'Rourke DM, Davatzikos C, Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Miller PA, Duck KA, Hafenstein S, Rizk E, Sheehan JM, Connor JR, Yang QX, Fouke SJ, Weinberger K, Kelsey M, Cholleti S, Politte D, Marcus D, Boyd A, Keogh B, Benzinger T, Milchenko M, Kim L, Prior F, Kim LM, Commean P, Boyd A, Milchenko M, Politte D, Chicoine M, Rich K, Benzinger T, Marcus D, Jost S, Fatterpekar G, Raz E, Knopp E, Gruber M, Parker E, Golfinos J, Zagzag D, Parker E, Fatterpekar G, Raz E, Narayana A, Johnson G, Placantonakis D, Zagzag D, Wen Q, Essock-Burns E, Li Y, Chang S, Nelson SJ, Li Y, Larson P, Chen A, Lupo JM, Kelley D, Chang S, Nelson SJ, Li Y, Lupo JM, Parvataneni R, Lamborn K, Cha S, Chang S, Nelson SJ, Jalbert LE, Elkhaled A, Phillips JJ, Williams C, Cha S, Berger MS, Chang SM, Nelson SJ, Damek DM, Ney DE, Borges MT, Colantoni W, Bert R, Huang R, Chen C, Mukundan S, Wen P, Norden A, Andre JB, Schmiedeskamp H, Thomas RP, Feroze A, Nagpal S, Zaharchuk G, Straka M, Recht L, Bammer R, Rockhill J, Mrugala M, Fink J, Rostomily R, Link J, Muzi M, Eary J, Krohn K, Perreault S, Lober RM, Partap S, Carret AS, Fisher FG, Ellingson BM, Pope WB, Boxerman JL, Harris RJ, Lai A, Nghiemphu PL, Jeyapalan S, Safran H, Kruse CA, Liau LM, Cloughesy TF, Harris RJ, Cloughesy TF, Lai A, Nghiemphu PL, Pope WB, Ellingson BM, Elkhaled A, Phillips J, Chang SM, Cha S, Nelson SJ. CLIN-RADIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012; 14:vi120-vi128. [PMCID: PMC3488790 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
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Kato H, Shimosegawa E, Isohashi K, Kimura N, Kazui H, Hatazawa J. Distribution of cortical benzodiazepine receptor binding in right-handed healthy humans: a voxel-based statistical analysis of iodine 123 iomazenil SPECT with partial volume correction. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1458-63. [PMID: 22403779 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CBR imaging is highly susceptible to a PVE produced by morphologic changes in the brain related to aging and brain laterality. We assessed the influence of PVE produced by regional age-related changes in gray matter volume on I-123 iomazenil SPECT and elucidated the age-related changes in human CBR binding by using PVE-corrected SPECT images. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nineteen right-handed healthy volunteers (range, 25-82 years; mean, 55 ± 21 years) underwent MR imaging and quantitative I-123 iomazenil SPECT imaging. The influence of age-related changes in rGMC on SPECT images before PVE correction was assessed. PVE correction of the SPECT images was performed by using an MR imaging-based method. Voxel-based linear regression analyses of the PVE-corrected SPECT images were performed by using SPM5. RESULTS The age-related reductions in rGMC and BP without PVE correction revealed a significant direct proportional correlation. Voxel-based statistical analysis with PVE correction showed no significant age-related changes in BP. CONCLUSIONS PVE correction was indispensable for the analysis of I-123 iomazenil SPECT images. PVE-corrected quantitative I-123 iomazenil SPECT images revealed no age-related changes in CBR binding in right-handed healthy humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Kato H, Matsuda K, Baba K, Shimosegawa E, Isohashi K, Imaizumi M, Hatazawa J. MR imaging-based correction for partial volume effect improves detectability of intractable epileptogenic foci on iodine 123 iomazenil brain SPECT images: an extended study with a larger sample size. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:2088-94. [PMID: 22627794 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It has been suggested, on the basis of a previous pilot study conducted in a small number of patients, that MR imaging-based PVE correction in I-123 iomazenil brain SPECT improves the detectability of cortical epileptogenic foci. In the present study, we performed an investigation by using a larger sample size to establish the effectiveness of the PVE correction and to conduct a detailed evaluation based on the histologic classification of lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five patients (male/female, 37/38; age, 28 ± 12 years) with intractable epilepsy who had undergone surgical treatment were enrolled in this study. I-123 iomazenil SPECT and MR imaging examinations were performed before the operation in all patients. I-123 iomazenil SPECT images with and without MR imaging-based PVE correction were assessed visually and by semiquantitative analysis based on the AI(%) of the SPECT count in the resected lesions. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of foci detection by visual assessment were significantly higher after PVE correction compared with the values obtained before the correction. The results of the semiquantitative analysis revealed that the asymmetry of the SPECT counts was significantly increased after the PVE correction in the surgically resected lesions in cases of mesial temporal sclerosis, tumor, and malformations of cortical development. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of MR imaging-based PVE correction in I-123 iomazenil brain SPECT in improving the detection of cortical epileptogenic foci with abnormal histologic findings was established by our investigation conducted on a large sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kato
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Yamamoto S, Watabe H, Kanai Y, Shimosegawa E, Hatazawa J. Development of a pixelated GSO gamma camera system with tungsten parallel hole collimator for single photon imaging. Med Phys 2012; 39:581-8. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3673774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Bluml S, Panigrahy A, Laskov M, Dhall G, Nelson MD, Finlay JL, Gilles FH, Arita H, Kinoshita M, Kagawa N, Fujimoto Y, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Kinoshita M, Arita H, Kagawa N, Fujimoto Y, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Hamilton JD, Wang J, Levin VA, Hou P, Loghin ME, Gilbert MR, Leeds NE, deGroot JF, Puduvalli V, Jackson EF, Yung WKA, Kumar AJ, Ellingson BM, Cloughesy TF, Pope WB, Zaw T, Phillips H, Lalezari S, Nghiemphu PL, Ibrahim H, Motevalibashinaeini K, Lai A, Ellingson BM, Cloughesy TF, Zaw T, Harris R, Lalezari S, Nghiemphu PL, Motevalibashinaeini K, Lai A, Pope WB, Douw L, Van de Nieuwenhuijzen ME, Heimans JJ, Baayen JC, Stam CJ, Reijneveld JC, Juhasz C, Mittal S, Altinok D, Robinette NL, Muzik O, Chakraborty PK, Barger GR, Ellingson BM, Cloughesy TF, Zaw TM, Lalezari S, Nghiemphu PL, Motevalibashinaeini K, Lai A, Goldin J, Pope WB, Ellingson BM, Cloughesy TF, Harris R, Pope WB, Nghiemphu PL, Lai A, Zaw T, Chen W, Ahlman MA, Giglio P, Kaufmann TJ, Anderson SK, Jaeckle KA, Uhm JH, Northfelt DW, Flynn PJ, Buckner JC, Galanis E, Zalatimo O, Weston C, Allison D, Bota D, Kesari S, Glantz M, Sheehan J, Harbaugh RE, Chiba Y, Kinoshita M, Kagawa N, Fujimoto Y, Tsuboi A, Hatazawa J, Sugiyama H, Hashimoto N, Yoshimine T, Nariai T, Toyohara J, Tanaka Y, Inaji M, Aoyagi M, Yamamoto M, Ishiwara K, Ohno K, Jalilian L, Essock-Burns E, Cha S, Chang S, Prados M, Butowski N, Nelson S, Kawahara Y, Nakada M, Hayashi Y, Kai Y, Hayashi Y, Uchiyama N, Kuratsu JI, Hamada JI, Yeom K, Rosenberg J, Andre JB, Fisher PG, Edwards MS, Barnes PD, Partap S, Essock-Burns E, Jalilian L, Lupo JM, Crane JC, Cha S, Chang SM, Nelson SJ, Romanowski CA, Hoggard N, Jellinek DA, Clenton S, McKevitt F, Wharton S, Craven I, Buller A, Waddle C, Bigley J, Wilkinson ID, Metherall P, Eckel LJ, Keating GF, Wetjen NM, Giannini C, Wetmore C, Jain R, Narang J, Arbab AS, Schultz L, Scarpace L, Mikkelsen T, Babajni-Feremi A, Jain R, Poisson L, Narang J, Scarpace L, Gutman D, Jaffe C, Saltz J, Flanders A, Daniel B, Mikkelsen T, Zach L, Guez D, Last D, Daniels D, Hoffman C, Mardor Y, Guha-Thakurta N, Debnam JM, Kotsarini C, Wilkinson ID, Jellinek D, Griffiths PD, Khandanpour N, Hoggard N, Kotsarini C, Wilkinson ID, Jellinek D, Griffiths PD, Bambrough P, Hoggard N, Hamilton JD, Levin VA, Hou P, Prabhu S, Loghin ME, Gilbert MR, Bassett RL, Wang J, Yung WA, Jackson EF, Kumar AJ, Campen CJ, Soman S, Fisher PG, Edwards MS, Yeom KW, Vos MJ, Berkhof J, Postma TJ, Sanchez E, Sizoo EM, Heimans JJ, Lagerwaard FJ, Buter J, Noske DP, Reijneveld JC, Colen RR, Mahajan B, Jolesz FA, Zinn PO, Lupo JM, Molinaro A, Chang S, Lawton K, Cha S, Nelson SJ, Alexandru D, Bota D, Linskey ME, Chaumeil MM, Gini B, Yang H, Iwanami A, Subramanian S, Ozawa T, Read EJ, Pieper RO, Mischel P, James CD, Ronen SM, LaViolette PS, Cochran E, Al-Gizawiy M, Connelly JM, Malkin MG, Rand SD, Mueller WM, Schmainda KM, LaViolette PS, Cohen AD, Cochran E, Prah M, Hartman CJ, Connelly JM, Rand SD, Malkin MG, Mueller WM, Schmainda KM, Qiao XJ, He R, Brown M, Goldin J, Cloughesy T, Pope WB. RADIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2011; 13:iii136-iii144. [PMCID: PMC3222969 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
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Tanaka M, Shimosegawa E, Kajimoto K, Kimura Y, Kato H, Oku N, Hori M, Kitagawa K, Hatazawa J. Chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion: a hemodynamic and metabolic study with positron-emission tomography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:1841-6. [PMID: 18653680 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion is more common than generally thought. It is important to assess the cerebral hemodynamic status in patients with this chronic condition. We investigated the cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances in these patients in relation to the development of the collateral vasculature. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 13 patients with chronic unilateral MCA occlusion who had a minor or no stroke by using positron-emission tomography (PET). PET was performed by the oxygen 15 ((15)O) gas steady-state inhalation method. The intracranial arteries were evaluated by digital subtraction angiography. We divided the patients into 2 subgroups according to whether they had a normal or increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in the occluded MCA territory and compared the 2 groups. RESULTS Of the 13 patients, 9 were classified into the normal OEF and 4 were classified into the increased OEF group. In the increased OEF group, the mean OEF values were also increased in the territories of the ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery, ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery, and contralateral MCA. The patients in the increased OEF group had more than 1 steno-occlusive lesion in the major intracranial arteries (P = .008). Three of the 4 patients in the increased OEF group also had vascular lesions in the collateral pathways to the MCA territory. CONCLUSION Most patients with chronic MCA occlusion did not show severe hemodynamic impairment. Those with increased OEF tended to have other areas of severe hemodynamic impairment and other vascular lesions, especially in the collateral pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tanaka
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Enomoto K, Nakamichi I, Hamada K, Inoue A, Higuchi I, Sekimoto M, Mizuki M, Hoshida Y, Kubo T, Aozasa K, Hatazawa J. Unicentric and multicentric Castleman's disease. Br J Radiol 2007; 80:e24-6. [PMID: 17267466 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/93847196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Castleman's disease (CD) appears at ubiquitous lymph nodes. To date, detection of the lesion focus for CD has mainly been carried out by physical examination and radiological findings, such as X-ray analysis, CT and MRI. 18F-FDG PET visualizes the active focus of glucose metabolism and the clinical value has been investigated for many different tumours. Previous studies of 18F-FDG PET for CD have only reported four cases of unicentric CD and no cases of multicentric CD. In this paper, we report two cases of CD, one with unicentric CD and one with multicentric CD. We demonstrate that the use of 18F-FDG PET for the detection and monitoring of patients with CD, especially multicentric CD, would be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Enomoto
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Osaki Y, Takasawa M, Doi K, Nishimura H, Iwaki T, Imaizumi M, Oku N, Hatazawa J, Kubo T. Auditory and tactile processing in a postmeningitic deaf-blind patient with a cochlear implant. Neurology 2006; 67:887-90. [PMID: 16966560 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000234141.72891.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors examined the neural function of a postmeningitic deaf-blind patient who regained his hearing with a multichannel cochlear implant. Auditory stimuli activated the temporal cortices of both sides in a manner similar to that of controls, reflecting the successful recruitment of the auditory cortex after implantation. The patient's occipital lobes were deactivated during the tactile language task, the results of which were completely different from those before cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Osaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Sensory Organ Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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13
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Tanaka C, Ueguchi T, Shimosegawa E, Sasaki N, Johkoh T, Nakamura H, Hatazawa J. Effect of CT acquisition parameters in the detection of subtle hypoattenuation in acute cerebral infarction: a phantom study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:40-5. [PMID: 16418353 PMCID: PMC7976079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2005] [Accepted: 05/27/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We evaluated the effects of varying tube voltage, current per rotation, and section thickness on detectability of 2- and 4-Hounsfield unit (HU) differences on brain CT between normal and ischemic gray matter within 6 hours of ischemia onset, by using a low-contrast phantom. METHODS The phantom with an attenuation of 36 HU corresponding to normal gray matter contained 2 sets of spheres (34 HU and 32 HU) corresponding to the early CT signs of ischemic brain and complete infarction, respectively. The reproducibility of the CT numbers and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), defined as the CT number difference between the background (36 HU) and the spheres (34 HU or 32 HU) divided by the SD of the background CT number were measured. Five radiologists rated the phantom images for detection of the low-contrast spheres by visual inspection. RESULTS The CT numbers were reproducible within 1 HU with a tube current of > or =150 mAs at 120 kVp. The CNRs for the 34- and 32-HU spheres were positively correlated with the tube voltage, tube current per rotation, and the section thickness. A CNR of 1.0 was obtained for the 34-HU sphere when scanning was conducted with a section thickness of 10 mm at 120 kVp and 700 mAs, or 135kVp and 450 mAs, respectively. A significant improvement of the accuracy of detection was found with increasing tube current, tube voltage per rotation, and section thickness. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that the 2-HU hypoattenuation corresponding to the early CT sign of acute ischemic stroke can be detected by using appropriate parameter settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tanaka
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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14
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Fukuchi K, Tatsumi M, Ishida Y, Oku N, Hatazawa J, Wahl RL. Radionuclide imaging metabolic activity of brown adipose tissue in a patient with pheochromocytoma. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005; 112:601-3. [PMID: 15578336 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-830407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a patient with extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma and high plasma norepinephrine levels. Radionuclide images of this patient obtained using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose and (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine revealed bilateral tracer accumulation in the shoulder and lower neck. The regions of radiotracer uptake corresponded to the location of human brown adipose tissue (BAT). Excessive sympathetic stimulation by high circulating catecholamine concentrations augmented the metabolic activity and tracer uptake in the BAT. This study showed that radionuclide imaging can noninvasively visualize human BAT in terms of metabolic and functional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukuchi
- Department of Radiology, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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15
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Yasui N, Kawamura S, Suzuki A, Hadeishi H, Hatazawa J. Role of hypothermia in the management of severe cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2003; 82:93-8. [PMID: 12378998 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6736-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Mild hypothermia is thought to have a brain protective effect to pathophysiological conditions, which are caused by severe brain damage including brain injury and cerebral stroke. In this paper, general aspects of this treatment as history, pathophysiological effect, and problems are summarized. Also, the clinical effects of hypothermic therapy for a subarachnoid hemorrhage are reviewed. Main targets of the therapy for this disease are severe primary brain damage caused by the attack itself and secondary ischemic brain damage after delayed vasospasm. But even now, there are no fully established data about the effect of hypothermia at such conditions after subarachnoid hemorrhage. The results of our study of cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen metabolism using positron emission tomography are presented to show the physiological effect of hypothermia on human brain after severe brain damage caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage. In conclusion, effect of hypothermia on subarachnoid hemorrhage is not confirmed yet and reported data is limited, so that additional studies, especially controlled studies, would be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yasui
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita, Japan
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16
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Terashi H, Nagata K, Hirata Y, Hatazawa J, Utsumi H. [Study on dopamine D2 binding capacity in vascular parkinsonism]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2001; 41:659-64. [PMID: 11993184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether the striatal dopamine receptor function is involved in the development of vascular parkinsonism (VP), a positron emission tomography (PET) study was conducted on 9 patients with VP by using [11C] N-methylspiperone as the tracer. The rate of binding availability in the striatal dopamine D2 receptor (k3) was determined semiquantitatively, and the values were compared to the predicted normal values based on the results from 7 normal volunteers. Of 9 patients with VP, the normalized D2 receptor binding [%k3] was more than 90% in 5 patients, 89 to 87% in 3, and 75% in one. These values showed no evident correlation with the Hoehn and Yahr stage. The laterality of the striatal %k3 did not correspond to that of the parkinsonism. Thus, the striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding was not severely impaired and did not correlate with the neurological status in patients with VP. This may indicate that striatal dopamine D2 receptor function is not primarily associated with the development of the parkinsonism in VP.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Terashi
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University
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17
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Kinoshita T, Okudera T, Shimosegawa E, Yoshida Y, Yasui N, Ogawa T, Hatazawa J. Chordoma with postoperative subcutaneous implantation and meningeal dissemination: MRI. Neuroradiology 2001; 43:763-6. [PMID: 11594428 DOI: 10.1007/s002340100563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chordomas are histologically benign tumours which are locally invasive. We present an unusual case of recurrent chordoma with subcutaneous implantation and widespread meningeal dissemination after surgery. Contrast-enhanced MRI was useful for determining the extent of the tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kinoshita
- Department of Radiology, Tottori University, Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
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18
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Hatazawa J, Ota H, Murata M, Igarashi S, Tanaka T. Localization of endothelial nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid by in situ hybridization in ectopic endometrial tissue in patients with adenomyosis. Reprod Fertil Dev 2001; 12:283-7. [PMID: 11451019 DOI: 10.1071/rd00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA in ectopic endometrium in adenomyosis. Endothelial NOS mRNA expression was investigated by in situ hybridization using a human endothelial NOS RNA probe. The subjects comprised six cases of adenomyosis, and 14 women with normal fecundity as controls. Specific expression of endothelial NOS mRNA was found in glandular and surface epithelial cells in eutopic endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle in all groups. It is noteworthy that the expression of endothelial NOS mRNA was moderately positive in ectopic endometrial tissues in three of the six cases of adenomyosis. In conclusion, the endothelial NOS mRNA expression seen in the ectopic endometrium suggests a possible relationship with the various pathologies associated with adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hatazawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita-city, Akita-ken, Japan
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19
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Abstract
As in visual processing, we speculated that, in music processing, different brain regions would activate according to the mode of music listening. Using motets by a famous composer, we studied changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography associated with concentrating on the alto-part within the harmony (alto-part-listening condition) compared to listening to the harmony as a whole (harmony-listening condition). The alto-part-listening condition was associated with bilateral increases of rCBF in superior parietal lobules, precunei, premotor areas and orbital frontal cortices. Superior parietal lobules are likely to be responsible for auditory selective attention to the alto part within the harmony and the analysis of tone pitch on a mental score. The precuneus possibly participated in writing tones of the alto part on a mental score. Based on our findings, we propose that both auditory selective attention and analytic processing play an important role in concentrating on a certain vocal part within a harmony. During the harmony-listening condition, temporal poles, the anterior portion of the cingulate gyrus, occipital cortex and the medial surface of the cerebellum were bilaterally activated. Further studies are necessary to clarify the difference in music processing between musicians and nonmusicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Satoh
- Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, 4-1-22, Hiroo, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo 150-8935, Japan
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20
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Ito H, Takahashi K, Hatazawa J, Kim SG, Kanno I. Changes in human regional cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume during visual stimulation measured by positron emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2001; 21:608-12. [PMID: 11333371 DOI: 10.1097/00004647-200105000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The hemodynamic mechanism of increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during neural activation has not been elucidated in humans. In the current study, changes in both regional CBF and cerebral blood volume (CBV) during visual stimulation in humans were investigated. Cerebral blood flow and CBV were measured by positron emission tomography using H(2)(15)O and (11)CO, respectively, at rest and during 2-Hz and 8-Hz photic flicker stimulation in each of 10 subjects. Changes in CBF in the primary visual cortex were 16% +/- 16% and 68% +/- 20% for the visual stimulation of 2 Hz and 8 Hz, respectively. The changes in CBV were 10% +/- 13% and 21% +/- 5% for 2-Hz and 8-Hz stimulation, respectively. Significant differences between changes in CBF and CBV were observed for visual stimulation of 8 Hz. The relation between CBF and CBV values during rest and visual stimulation was CBV = 0.88CBF(0.30). This indicates that when the increase in CBF during neural activation is great, that increase is caused primarily by the increase in vascular blood velocity rather than by the increase in CBV. This observation is consistent with reported findings obtained during hypercapnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ito
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita, Japan
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21
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Takahashi K, Miura S, Ibaraki M, Hatazawa J, Okane K, Kanno I. Synthesis and biodistribution of [11C]H8, a cyclic AMP dependent protein kinase inhibitor. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.25804401129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Kado H, Iida H, Kimura H, Ogawa T, Narita Y, Hatazawa J, Tsuchida T, Yonekura Y, Itoh H. Brain perfusion SPECT study with 99mTc-bicisate: clinical pitfalls and improved diagnostic accuracy with a combination of linearization and scatter-attenuation correction. Ann Nucl Med 2001; 15:123-9. [PMID: 11448070 DOI: 10.1007/bf02988602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the usefulness of a combination of linearization and scatter-attenuation correction on 99mTc-bicisate (ECD)-single photon emission tomographic (SPECT) images, both cerebral blood flow (CBF)-positron emission tomographic (PET) images and ECD-SPECT images from fifteen patients with chronic cerebral infarction were acquired. We measured radioactivity counts in regions of interest (ROIs) on all sets of both images and obtained a 2D scattered graph between ECD-SPECT and CBF-PET data. To evaluate diagnostic accuracy, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ECD-SPECT images were calculated by means of discriminant analysis. The same analysis was also performed on the ECD-SPECT images corrected by a combination of linearization and scatter-attenuation correction. An overall nonlinear relationship was observed between ECD-SPECT and CBF-PET. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ECD-SPECT images were 69.6%, 91.4% and 73.0%, and those of ECD images corrected by the combination of linearization and scatter-attenuation correction were 79.5%, 95.7% and 82.0% respectively. The clinically diagnostic accuracy of ECD-SPECT images corrected by the combined method apparently increased. So that the linearization with the scatter-attenuation method is useful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of ECD-SPECT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kado
- Department of Radiology, Fukui Medical University, Yoshida-gun, Japan.
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23
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Ito H, Kanno I, Iida H, Hatazawa J, Shimosegawa E, Tamura H, Okudera T. Arterial fraction of cerebral blood volume in humans measured by positron emission tomography. Ann Nucl Med 2001; 15:111-6. [PMID: 11448068 DOI: 10.1007/bf02988600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In quantitative functional neuroimaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and its three components, arterial, capillary, and venous blood volumes are important factors. The arterial fraction for systemic circulation of the whole body has been reported to be 20-30%, but there is no report of this fraction in the brain. In the present study, we estimated the arterial fraction of CBV with PET in the living human brain. C(15)O and dynamic H2(15)O PET studies were performed in each of seven healthy subjects to determine the CBV and arterial blood volume (Va), respectively. A two-compartment model (influx: K1, efflux: k2) that takes Va into account was applied to describe the regional time-activity curve of dynamic H2(15)O PET. K1, k2 and Va were calculated by a non-linear least squares fitting procedure. The Va and CBV values were 0.011 +/- 0.004 ml/ml and 0.031 +/- 0.003 ml/ml (mean +/- SD), respectively, for cerebral cortices. The arterial fraction of CBV was 37%. Considering the limited first-pass extraction fraction of H2(15)O, the true arterial fraction of CBV is estimated to be about 30%. The estimated arterial fraction of CBV was quite similar to that of the systemic circulation, whereas it was greater than that (16%) widely used for the measurement of cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) using PET. The venous plus capillary fraction of CBV was 63-70% which is a important factor for the measurement of CMRO2 with MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ito
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Japan.
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24
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Kawamura S, Suzuki A, Hadeishi H, Yasui N, Hatazawa J. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism during mild hypothermia in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2001; 142:1117-21; discussion 1121-2. [PMID: 11129533 DOI: 10.1007/s007010070039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow and O2 metabolism during hypothermia (33-34 degrees C) was evaluated in 5 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage by positron emission tomography (PET). Their preoperative clinical condition was WFNS scale IV or V. The patients received surface cooling postoperatively, and were maintained in a hypothermic state during transfer for radiological examination. Positron emission tomography revealed a decrease in cerebral blood flow and O2 metabolic rate. Cerebral blood flow was 34.8+/-15.1 ml/100 ml/min and the O2 metabolic rate was 1.85+/-0.61 ml/100 ml/min in areas of the middle cerebral artery ipsilateral to the ruptured aneurysms, whereas these values were 30.8+/-7.1 and 2.21+/-0.45 ml/100 ml/min, respectively, on the contralateral side. This represents a decrease of 37+/-27% compared to normal cerebral blood flow and 52+/-16% compared to normal O2 metabolic rate (p < 0.02) in the ipsilateral areas, and decreases of 44+/-13% and 43+/-12%, respectively, on the contralateral side. The present results reflected the luxury perfusion state in almost all cases and provide the first PET evidence of decreased cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate of O2 during hypothermia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kawamura
- Department of Strokology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-AKITA, Japan
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25
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Takasu A, Shimosegawa T, Shimosegawa E, Hatazawa J, Nagasaki Y, Kimura K, Fujita M, Toyota T. [11C]methionine positron emission tomography for the evaluation of pancreatic exocrine function in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreas 2001; 22:203-9. [PMID: 11249078 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200103000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) can be used for the quantitative analysis of amino acid metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pancreatic exocrine function can be evaluated by [11C]methionine PET in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients. Dynamic PET scan of the pancreas and liver was performed in eight healthy subjects and seven patients with CP after intravenous (i.v.) injection of [11C]methionine. Simultaneously, duodenal juice was collected with the background of continuous i.v. administration of secretin (125 ng/kg/h). The radioactivity ratio of the pancreas to that of the liver (PLR) was calculated by regions of interest (ROI) analysis. Amylase output and bicarbonate concentration were measured in the duodenal aspirates. The PLR of CP patients was significantly lower than that of healthy subjects at all time points after methionine injection. The PLRs at 4.5 minutes (PLR4.5) after methionine injection were positively correlated with the amylase output, mean bicarbonate concentration, and volume of duodenal aspirates (R = 0.74, 0.69, 0.46). It is concluded that [11C]methionine PET would be a noninvasive method for the evaluation of exocrine pancreatic function, which may represent total amino acids uptake of viable acinar cells in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Takasu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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26
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Tsukada H, Takahashi K, Miura S, Nishiyama S, Kakiuchi T, Ohba H, Sato K, Hatazawa J, Okudera T. Evaluation of novel PET ligands (+)N-[11C]methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate ([11C](+)3-MPB) and its stereoisomer [11C](-)3-MPB for muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the conscious monkey brain: a PET study in comparison with. Synapse 2001; 39:182-92. [PMID: 11180506 DOI: 10.1002/1098-2396(200102)39:2<182::aid-syn10>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The novel muscarinic cholinergic ligands (+)N-[11C]methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate ([11C](+)3-MPB) and its stereoisomer [11C](-)3-MPB were evaluated in comparison with [11C]4-MPB in the brains of conscious monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET). The regional distribution patterns of [11C](+)3-MPB and [11C]4-MPB at 60-91 min postinjection were almost identical: highest in the striatum and occipital cortex; intermediate in the temporal and frontal cortices, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, and thalamus; lower in the pons; and lowest in the cerebellum. The uptake of [11C](+)3-MPB in all regions was higher and the dynamic range of regional uptake differences of [11C](+)3-MPB was better than those of [11C]4-MPB. The levels of [11C](-)3-MPB were much lower in all regions of the brain than [11C](+)3-MPB and [11C]4-MPB. Administration of scopolamine, a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, at a dose of 50 microg/kg reduced the radioactivity of [11C](+)3-MPB and [11C]4-MPB in all regions except the cerebellum. Time-activity curves of [11C](+)3-MPB peaked in all regions, while those of [11C]4-MPB showed gradual increases with time in all regions except the thalamus, pons, and cerebellum. Two graphical analyses (Logan plot and Patlak plot) with plasma radioactivity as an input function into the brain were applied to evaluate receptor binding in vivo. [11C](+)3-MPB showed linear regression curves on Logan plot analysis and nonlinear curves on Patlak plot in all regions, suggesting that [11C](+)3-MPB bound reversibly to the muscarinic receptors. The in vivo binding parameters as well as uptake at 60-91 min postinjection of [11C](+)3-MPB were consistent with muscarinic receptor density in the brain as reported in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tsukada
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics KK, Hamakita, Shizuoka, Japan.
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27
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Hatazawa J. [Recent progress in diagnostic imaging of cerebrovascular diseases]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2000; 40:1254-6. [PMID: 11464471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The recent development of the neuroimaging modalities has enabled early detection of abnormal cerebral perfusion due to arterial steno-occlusive lesions by means of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and perfusion weighted images of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), early detection of ischemic brain damage by means of diffusion weighted image of MRI, and lacunar infarction and hemorrhage by means of T 2 * weighted images. These methods are now available for the clinical practice. The imaging technique further visualized various pathological states associated with cerebrovascular disease. The fiber tracts in the white matter and its disruption can be evaluated by anisotropy imaging of MRI. Selective neuronal necrosis after mild ischemia was detected by radioactive tracers specifically bound to neurons. These progress may contribute to uncover the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases and to treat the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hatazawa
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Bran and Blood Vessels
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28
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Hayashi T, Suzuki A, Hatazawa J, Kanno I, Shirane R, Yoshimoto T, Yasui N. Cerebral circulation and metabolism in the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2000; 93:1014-8. [PMID: 11117843 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2000.93.6.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The mechanism of reduction of cerebral circulation and metabolism in patients in the acute stage of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not yet been fully clarified. The goal of this study was to elucidate this mechanism further. METHODS The authors estimated cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), O2 extraction fraction (OEF), and cerebral blood volume (CBV) preoperatively in eight patients with aneurysmal SAH (one man and seven women, mean age 63.5 years) within 40 hours of onset by using positron emission tomography (PET). The patients' CBF, CMRO2, and CBF/CBV were significantly lower than those in normal control volunteers. However, OEF and CBV did not differ significantly from those in control volunteers. The significant decrease in CBF/CBV, which indicates reduced cerebral perfusion pressure, was believed to be caused by impaired cerebral circulation due to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) after rupture of the aneurysm. In two of the eight patients, uncoupling between CBF and CMRO2 was shown, strongly suggesting the presence of cerebral ischemia. CONCLUSIONS The initial reduction in CBF due to elevated ICP, followed by reduction in CMRO, at the time of aneurysm rupture may play a role in the disturbance of CBF and cerebral metabolism in the acute stage of aneurysmal SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hayashi
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita, Japan.
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29
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Kato H, Nagata K, Kawamura S, Suzuki A, Sato M, Mito Y, Maruya H, Hatazawa J, Watahiki Y, Sato Y, Hirata Y, Utumi H. [Vascular and metabolic reserve in a case of hypoplasia of bilateral internal carotid arteries]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2000; 40:1096-100. [PMID: 11332189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
We report a 64-year-old right-handed man who presented with a hypoplasia of bilateral internal carotid arteries (ICAs). The patient complained of a vertigo and was diagnosed as having a benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Upon neurological examination, he was completely free from neurological deficits. MR angiogram revealed an occlusion of both ICAs. On conventional angiogram, the right ICA was occluded about 3 cm distal from its origin, and the left ICA was occluded at the precavernous portion. There was an abundant collateral blood flow to the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes through the posterior communicating arteries. Both carotid canals were hypoplastic on 3D-CT. The patient was then diagnosed as having a hypoplasia of both ICAs. Using a positron emission tomography (PET), cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and vascular transit time (VTT) were measured during resting state, and the vascular reactivities to carbon dioxide inhalation (VRCO2), and to the intravenous administration of Acetazolamide (VRACZ) were also evaluated. There was no global or focal reduction in CBF and VTT was within normal limit, whereas a global reduction of CMRO2 caused mild decrease in OEF. Moreover, VRACZ was significantly decreased and an intracerebral steal phenomenon was observed in the parietal cortical areas, whereas VRCO2 was preserved. The discrepancy between VRACZ and VRCO2 observed could be related to the differences in the mechanisms underlying the vasodilating effects of carbon dioxide and ACZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kato
- Stroke Care Unit, Tokyo Medical University
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30
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Abstract
Recent studies have shown that synthase for nitric oxide or scavenger enzymes is distributed throughout the endometrium. We have reported that endothelial nitric oxide synthase, originally identified in vascular endothelial cells, is distributed in glandular epithelial cells in the endometrium, peaking in the midsecretory phase. In addition, it is known that superoxide dismutase is distributed throughout the endometrium, varying with the menstrual cycle. Yet it is not clear how these enzymes are committed in the reproductive processes. Endometriosis is often complicated by infertility and miscarriage. Of particular interest is that these enzymes are overexpressed in the disease throughout the menstrual cycle. These findings strongly suggest that excessive amounts of free radicals are produced in endometriosis. Copyrightz1999S.KargerAG,Basel
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
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Ito H, Yokoyama I, Iida H, Kinoshita T, Hatazawa J, Shimosegawa E, Okudera T, Kanno I. Regional differences in cerebral vascular response to PaCO2 changes in humans measured by positron emission tomography. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2000; 20:1264-70. [PMID: 10950385 DOI: 10.1097/00004647-200008000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypercapnia and hypocapnia produce cerebral vasodilation and vasoconstriction, respectively. However, regional differences in the vascular response to changes in Paco2 in the human brain are not pronounced. In the current study, these regional differences were evaluated. In each of the 11 healthy subjects, cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured using 15O-water and positron emission tomography at rest and during hypercapnia and hypocapnia. All CBF images were globally normalized for CBF and transformed into the standard brain anatomy. t values between rest and hypercapnia or hypocapnia conditions were calculated on a pixel-by-pixel basis. In the pons, cerebellum, thalamus, and putamen, significant relative hyperperfusion during hypercapnia was observed, indicating a large capacity for vasodilatation. In the pons and putamen, a significant relative hypoperfusion during hypocapnia, that is, a large capacity for vasoconstriction, was also observed, indicating marked vascular responsiveness. In the temporal, temporo-occipital, and occipital cortices, significant relative hypoperfusion during hypercapnia and significant relative hypoperfusion during hypocapnia were observed, indicating that cerebral vascular tone at rest might incline toward vasodilatation. Such regional heterogeneity of the cerebral vascular response should be considered in the assessment of cerebral perfusion reserve by hypercapnia and in the correction of CBF measurements for variations in subjects' resting Paco2.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ito
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita City, Japan
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Kinoshita T, Okudera T, Tamura H, Ogawa T, Hatazawa J. Assessment of lacunar hemorrhage associated with hypertensive stroke by echo-planar gradient-echo T2*-weighted MRI. Stroke 2000; 31:1646-50. [PMID: 10884467 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.31.7.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Echo-planar gradient-echo T2*-weighted MR imaging (GRE-EPI) may detect hypointense lesions representing microhemorrhages with high sensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of GRE-EPI for detecting old lacunar hemorrhages in hypertensive patients with stroke. METHODS GRE-EPI was performed with a 1.5-T MRI system in 198 hypertensive patients with stroke (130 patients with hemorrhagic stroke and 68 patients with multiple lacunar stroke) and 66 age-matched healthy elderly individuals. RESULTS Concomitant hypointense foci were found in 84 (66%) patients with hemorrhagic stroke, 46 (68%) patients with multiple lacunar stroke, and 3 (5%) healthy elderly individuals. These hypointense foci were noted in the lentiform nucleus in 61 (47%) patients with hemorrhagic stroke, in the caudate nucleus in 9 (7%) patients, in the thalamus in 54 (42%) patients, in the corticosubcortical region in 57 (44%) patients, in the brain stem in 40 (34%) patients, and in the cerebellum in 32 (25%) patients. CONCLUSIONS GRE-EPI is effective for the detection of lacunar hemorrhages induced by hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kinoshita
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan. kino2grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp
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Nagata K, Maruya H, Yuya H, Terashi H, Mito Y, Kato H, Sato M, Satoh Y, Watahiki Y, Hirata Y, Yokoyama E, Hatazawa J. Can PET data differentiate Alzheimer's disease from vascular dementia? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 903:252-61. [PMID: 10818514 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06375.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study endeavored to differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) from vascular dementia (VaD) by comparing the metabolic and hemodynamic parameters. Positron emission tomographic (PET) studies were carried out in 13 patients with probable AD and 20 patients with VaD. PET findings were not included in the diagnostic criteria of AD or VaD. Using oxygen-15 labeled compounds, cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), cerebral blood volume, and vascular transit time (VTT) were measured quantitatively during the resting state. To evaluate vascular reactivity (VR), CBF was also measured during 7% CO2 inhalation. Regional CBF from the parietal cortex positively correlated with the neuropsychological scores in both AD and VaD groups. The typical parietotemporal pattern of hypoperfusion and hypometabolism was observed in the AD group, whereas the frontal lobe including the cingulate and superior frontal gyri were predominantly affected in the VaD group. The occipital cortex was preserved in both groups. A significant increase of the OEF was found in the parietotemporal areas in the AD group. No significant prolongation was seen with VTT. There was a marked difference in VR between the two groups: VR was depleted in the VaD group, whereas VR was normal in the AD group. The increased OEF with preserved vascular reserve seen in AD may implicate participation of a vascular factor in the pathogenesis of AD, possibly at the capillary level. Thus, PET provides important functional information in discriminating AD from VaD by comparing the patterns of hypoperfusion and/or hypometabolism, and in the understanding of the underlying hemodynamic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagata
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita, Japan.
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Ito H, Iida H, Kinoshita T, Hatazawa J, Okudera T, Uemura K. Effects of scatter correction on regional distribution of cerebral blood flow using I-123-IMP and SPECT. Ann Nucl Med 1999; 13:331-6. [PMID: 10582803 DOI: 10.1007/bf03164872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transmission dependent convolution subtraction method which is one of the methods for scatter correction of SPECT was applied to the assessment of CBF using SPECT and I-123-IMP. The effects of scatter correction on regional distribution of CBF were evaluated on a pixel by pixel basis by means of an anatomic standardization technique. SPECT scan was performed on six healthy men. Image reconstruction was carried out with and without the scatter correction. All reconstructed images were globally normalized for the radioactivity of each pixel, and transformed into a standard brain anatomy. After anatomic standardization, the average SPECT images were calculated for scatter corrected and uncorrected groups, and these groups were compared on pixel by pixel basis. In the scatter uncorrected group, a significant overestimation of CBF was observed in the deep cerebral white matter, pons, thalamus, putamen, hippocampal region and cingulate gyrus as compared with scatter corrected group. A significant underestimation was observed in all neocortical regions, especially in the occipital and parietal lobes, and the cerebellar cortex. The regional distribution of CBF obtained by scatter corrected SPECT was similar to that obtained by O-15 water PET. The scatter correction is needed for the assessment of CBF using SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ito
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Japan.
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Torizuka K, Mizuno Y, Kubo A, Konishi J, Yonekura Y, Hatazawa J, Momose T, Murata M, Amano T, Fukuyama H, Kuwabara Y. [Phase 2 clinical study of 123I-IBF, a dopamine D2 receptor imaging agent, to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety in Parkinson's disease and Parkinson syndromes]. Kaku Igaku 1999; 36:845-64. [PMID: 10586546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
A Phase 2 multicenter trial of 123I-IBF, (S)-5-iodo-7-N-[(1-ethyl-2- pyrrolidinyl)methyl]carboxamido-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, was conducted to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety in 158 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or Parkinson syndromes (PS). SPECT data were acquired at two hours (2H-SPECT), after intravenous injection of 123I-IBF (167 MBq). Additional SPECT scan at three hours (3H-SPECT) and dynamic SPECT scan at most until one hour were performed when possible. No severe side effects due to 123I-IBF injection were observed. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for discriminating PS from PD using the striatal specific binding count-to-frontal cortex count ratio (St/Fc-1) in 3H-SPECT were 72.7%, 81.0% and 78.1% in 64 clinically definite cases (i.e., typical cases), respectively. The putamen-to-caudate ratios were significantly lower in striatonigral degeneration compared with those in PD. The contralateral-to-ipsilateral ratios against the symptomatic side of tremor and/or rigidity in the patients with PD (Hoehn & Yahr I) were significantly higher than the left-to-right ratios in the normal controls. St/Fc-1 in 3H-SPECT was significantly lower in the patients showing a poor response to levodopa than in those showing a good response. The dopamine D2 receptor binding potential (k3/k4), obtained by dynamic SPECT based on compartment model analysis, correlated well with the striatal specific binding count-to-occipital cortex count ratio. These results suggest that 123I-IBF is a promising agent for differential diagnosis and pathophysiological evaluation of PD and PS.
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Ota H, Igarashi S, Hatazawa J, Tanaka T. Immunohistochemical assessment of superoxide dismutase expression in the endometrium in endometriosis and adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 1999; 72:129-34. [PMID: 10428161 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(99)00152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle in endometriosis and adenomyosis. DESIGN Immunohistochemical identification of SOD in endometrial tissues using the monoclonal antibody. SETTING Department of obstetrics and gynecology in a university hospital. PATIENT(S) The subjects were divided into three groups: 36 patients with endometriosis, 38 patients with histologically proven adenomyosis, and 47 fertile control subjects. INTERVENTION(S) Endometrium was biopsied throughout the menstrual cycle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Semiquantitative immunostaining (evaluation nomogram) score for endometrial cells. RESULT(S) The analyses revealed phase-dependent changes in the expression of SODs in the glandular and surface epithelia during the menstrual cycle in fertile controls. Specifically, the expression of copper, zinc SOD was weakest in the early and midproliferative phases, then gradually increased, and was most marked in the early and midsecretory phases. The expression of manganese SOD reached a peak in the late secretory phase. The expression of both SODs in endometriosis and adenomyosis was persistently higher than the control levels throughout the menstrual cycle. CONCLUSION(S) The exaggerated expression of both SODs in the endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle suggests that superoxide plays a key role in infertility in endometriosis and adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita-city, Japan.
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Abstract
A 13-year-old boy with cervical kyphosis was diagnosed as having juvenile Alexander disease because of the typical MRI findings, abnormally elevated alphaB-crystallin and heat shock protein 27 in the cerebrospinal fluid. Positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose demonstrated hypometabolism in the frontal white matter corresponding to the areas with leukodystrophy. However, the overlying gray matter preserved normal glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sawaishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Mineura K, Shioya H, Kowada M, Ogawa T, Hatazawa J, Uemura K. Blood flow and metabolism of oligodendrogliomas: a positron emission tomography study with kinetic analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. J Neurooncol 1999; 43:49-57. [PMID: 10448871 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006296729019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To accurately characterize the pathophysiology and proliferating activity of oligodendrogliomas, we studied cerebral blood flow and metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET) in five patients with this tumor. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), cerebral blood volume (rCBV), oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF), and cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen (rCMRO2) and of glucose (rCMRGl) were quantitatively measured in tumor lesions and the contralateral gray matter, rCMRGl was analyzed based on both kinetic and autoradiographic methods. Tumor rCBF and rCBV were lower than in the contralateral gray matter in all preoperatively examined patients. Oxygen metabolism, determined by rCMRO2 and rOEF, was consistently reduced in the tumor (rCMRO2, P<0.05 vs. gray matter, determined by the Student's t-test). Tumor rCMRGl was significantly lower than the gray matter rCMRGl in both kinetic (P<0.01) and autoradiographic (P<0.05) analyses. Kinetic tumor rCMRGl varied between 1.22 and 4.13 mg/100 ml/min, but was lower than the gray matter value in all patients. Autoradiographic tumor rCMRGl, which ranged from 1.02 to 5.79 mg/100 ml/min, was also reduced in all tumors but one; the remaining tumor, which had a relatively high value of autoradiographic rCMRGl (comparable to gray matter rCMRGl), infiltrated the contralateral hemisphere through the corpus callosum, and was characterized by high cellular density. In one patient who suffered from tumor recurrence 8 years and 10 months after initial treatment, phosphorylation constant (K3) and kinetic rCMRGl of the recurring tumor were higher than those of the original tumor. No other tumors have regrown or recurred during the postoperative follow-up periods, which ranged from 22 to 130 months (median = 101 months). Circulation and metabolism measured by PET provide in vivo biological characteristics, including proliferating activity, in oligodendrogliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mineura
- Neurosurgical Service, Akita University Hospital, Japan.
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Takasu A, Shimosegawa T, Shimosegawa E, Hatazawa J, Kimura K, Fujita M, Koizumi M, Kanno I, Toyota T. 11C-methionine uptake to the pancreas and its secretion: a positron emission tomography study in humans. Pancreas 1999; 18:392-8. [PMID: 10231845 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-199905000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of [11C-methyl]-L-methionine (11C-methionine) in the human pancreas by analyzing dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) images and the duodenal aspirate. A double-lumen tube was inserted in the duodenum and dynamic PET was performed in seven healthy volunteers for 110 min after intravenous (i.v.) injection of 11C-methionine during the continuous i.v. administration of secretin (125 ng/kg/h) and cerulein (30 ng/kg/h). For the calculation of the radioactivity in the pancreas, the regions of interest were set on the PET images. Radioactivity was measured in 10-min fractions of duodenal juice. After i.v. injection, 11C-methionine accumulated in the pancreas within a few minutes, and the radioactivity plateaued during the study. The radiolabeled proteins in the duodenal juice increased linearly 30 min after 11C-methionine injection, but the relative rates of radioactivity in the protein precipitate to the total count in the duodenal juice were 44-48%. From these findings, it was concluded that 11C-methionine accumulation in the pancreas is very rapid after the i.v. administration, and only a part of methionine uptake to the pancreas is incorporated into secretory proteins. The pancreatic 11C-methionine uptake detected by PET may represent a new aspect of exocrine pancreatic function that has not been expressed by the conventional intubation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Takasu
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
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40
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Hatazawa J, Shimosegawa E, Toyoshima H, Ardekani BA, Suzuki A, Okudera T, Miura Y. Cerebral blood volume in acute brain infarction: A combined study with dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI and 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT. Stroke 1999; 30:800-6. [PMID: 10187882 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.30.4.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to correlate the abnormality in cerebral blood volume (CBV) measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI with that in cerebral blood flow (CBF) estimated by single-photon emission CT with [99mTc]hexamethylpropylenamine-oxime in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS Nine patients with unilateral occlusion of either the middle cerebral artery or the internal carotid artery (4 men and 5 women; mean+/-SD age, 74.4+/-11.6 years) were studied within 6 hours after stroke onset. The relative CBV (relCBV) and CBF (relCBF) in the lesions were defined relative to the contralateral mirror regions. RESULTS In the brain regions with mild (relCBF >/=0.60), moderate (0.40</=relCBF<0.60), and severe (relCBF <0.40) hypoperfusion, the mean relCBV values were 1.29+/-0.31, 0.94+/-0.49, and 0.30+/-0.22, respectively. The relCBV was significantly elevated in the brain areas with mild hypoperfusion (P<0.001) and significantly reduced in the brain areas with severe hypoperfusion (P<0.001). The relCBF was significantly better than the relCBV in predicting the evolution of infarction (P<0.02). The probability of evolving infarction for the hypervolemic (relCBV >1.0) regions was significantly lower than that for hypovolemic (relCBV <1.0) regions in the relCBF range between 0.40 and 0.50 (P<0.02). CONCLUSIONS In acute ischemic stroke within 6 hours of onset the CBV can be either increased, normal, or decreased, depending on the severity of hypoperfusion. The increased CBV has a protective effect on evolving infarction. Although the CBF is a better predictor of tissue outcome, the CBV measurement may help detect potentially salvageable brain tissue in the penumbra with compromised blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hatazawa
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita, Japan.hatazawa@akita-noke n.go.jp
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Nishimura S, Suzuki A, Hatazawa J, Nishimura H, Shirane R, Yasui N, Yoshimoto T. Cerebral blood-flow responses to induced hypotension and to CO2 inhalation in patients with major cerebral artery occlusive disease: a positron-emission tomography study. Neuroradiology 1999; 41:73-9. [PMID: 10090598 DOI: 10.1007/s002340050709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to study the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses to induced hypotension and to CO2 inhalation in patients with occlusive disease of the carotid or middle cerebral arteries. In 13 patients (8 men, 5 women) aged 31-73 years (mean +/- 1 SD = 63.2 +/- 10.6), regional CBF values during the resting state (CBFrest), 7% CO2 inhalation (CBFhypercapnia), and hypotension induced by 10-20 microg/kg/min intravenous trimethaphan (CBFhypotension) were measured using positron-emission tomography (PET) with H2(15)O. The % CBF change during induced hypotension (% CBFhypotension) was defined as (CBFhypotension - CBFrest)/CBFrest multiplied by 100. The % CBF change during CO2 inhalation (% CBFhypercapnia) was defined as (CBFhypercapnia - CBFrest)/CBFrest/mm Hg arterial partial pressure of CO2 x 100. We defined symptomatic hemispheres as those with a stenotic or occlusive lesion with neurological symptoms or signs and asymptomatic hemispheres as those which had a similar lesion and/or were influenced by the collateral flow pattern without neurological symptoms. In the territory of the occlusive lesion, % CBFhypotension correlated significantly with % CBFhypercapnia (r = 0.793, P < 0.002) in the symptomatic hemispheres. In the brain regions in which trimethaphan did not induce a reduction in CBF. % CBFhypercapnia was 6.13 +/- 1.79. In those in which % CBFhypotension ranged from 0 to -5, from -5 to -10, and more than -10%, % CBFhypercapnia was 4.05 +/- 1.99, 3.21 +/- 1.17, and 1.73 +/- 1.61, respectively, with significant differences between each pair of groups. In the asymptomatic hemispheres, % CBFhypotension also correlated with % CBFhypercapnia (r = 0.979, P < 0.0001). Failure to maintain CBF during induced hypotension was associated with diminished cerebrovascular vasoreactivity to hypercapnia in patients with arterial disease. This may indicate that failure of autoregulation can be assessed by the CBF response to both induced hypotension and CO2 inhalation. From the technical point of view, estimation of the CO2 response may be useful for assessing failure of autoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nishimura
- Department of Surgical Neurology, Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Japan
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Okudera T, Huang YP, Fukusumi A, Nakamura Y, Hatazawa J, Uemura K. Micro-angiographical studies of the medullary venous system of the cerebral hemisphere. Neuropathology 1999; 19:93-111. [PMID: 19519653 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1789.1999.00215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Okudera
- Department of Radiology, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita 010-0874, Japan
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43
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Orino K, Kawamura M, Hatazawa J, Suzuki I, Sazawa Y. [Efficacy of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans in diagnosis of pulmonary nodules]. Jpn J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 46:1267-74. [PMID: 10037834 DOI: 10.1007/bf03217914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the value of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans, we performed FDG-PET scans in 23 patients with indeterminate pulmonary nodules less than 3 cm in size and analyzed these scans qualitatively and semiquantitatively. Histologic specimens were obtained by thoracoscopic excisional biopsy in 16 patients, CT-guided needle aspiration cytology in three, and bronchoscopic brushing cytology in four. Pathological diagnoses were lung cancer in 16 patients, benign inflammation in six, and malignant lymphoma in one. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the FDG-PET scans were 88% (15/17), 67% (4/6) and 83% (19/23), respectively. There were two false-positive cases (organizing pneumonia and cryptococcosis) and two false-negative ones (slow-growing adenocarcinoma and malignant lymphoma). Although a few false-positive cases of granulomatous disease were yielded, the FDG-PET scans were highly sensitive in the detection of lung cancer. We conclude that the FDG-PET scanning in a useful diagnostic imaging modailty in the management of indeterminate pulmonary nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Orino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nakadohri General Hospital, Akita, Japan
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Takahashi O, Shibata S, Hatazawa J, Takisawa J, Sato H, Ota H, Tanaka T. Mature cystic teratoma of the uterine corpus. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1998; 77:936-8. [PMID: 9808385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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45
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Ojima F, Ido T, Hatazawa J, Itoh M, Shinohara H, Watanuki S, Seo S, Kai H, Takahama K, Ishii T, Nakagawa Y, Miyata T. Development of a new method for simultaneously evaluating mucociliary clearance and pulmonary epithelial permeability in rabbit experiments by means of 18FDG, three-dimensional positron emission tomography and rectilinear scan. Ann Nucl Med 1998; 12:231-5. [PMID: 9839483 DOI: 10.1007/bf03164907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We tried to simultaneously obtain the elimination constant of mucociliary clearance and the pulmonary epithelial permeability constant after inhalation of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG) solution by carrying out whole lung positron emission tomography and a rectilinear scan in rabbit experiments. The elimination constant of pulmonary epithelial permeability was obtained from the decrease in the amount of the radioactivity with time in the region of interest (ROI) confined to the lungs, trachea and tracheal cannula in the rectilinear scan. The total elimination constant of the radioactivity in the lungs was obtained from the ROI confined to the lungs in the tomography. The mucociliary clearance rate constant in the lungs was then obtained after subtracting the elimination constant of the pulmonary epithelial permeability from the total elimination constant of the 18FDG in the lungs. The mucociliary clearance constant in the trachea was calculated from the residual radioactivity in the trachea and the mucociliary clearance constant in the lungs. The mean pulmonary epithelial permeability constant was 0.0020% min(-1) obtained from the rectilinear scan. The mean mucociliary clearance constants of the lungs and the trachea were 0.0006 and 0.025% min(-1), respectively. These results indicated that the pulmonary epithelial permeability and mucociliary clearance could be evaluated simultaneously with 18FDG by using three-dimensional positron emission tomography and a rectilinear scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ojima
- Department of Pharmacy, Yamagata University Hospital, Japan.
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Iida H, Miura S, Shoji Y, Ogawa T, Kado H, Narita Y, Hatazawa J, Eberl S, Kanno I, Uemura K. Noninvasive quantitation of cerebral blood flow using oxygen-15-water and a dual-PET system. J Nucl Med 1998; 39:1789-98. [PMID: 9776289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Measurement of the arterial input function is essential for quantitative assessment of physiological function in vivo using PET. However, frequent arterial blood sampling is invasive and labor intensive. Recently, a PET system has been developed that consists of two independent PET tomographs for simultaneously scanning the brain and heart, which should avoid the need for arterial blood sampling. The aim of this study was to validate noninvasive quantitation with this system for 15O-labeled compounds. METHODS Twelve healthy volunteers underwent a series of PET studies after C15O inhalation and intravenous H2(15)O administration using a Headtome-V-Dual tomograph (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan). The C15O study provided gated blood-pool images of the heart simultaneously with quantitative static blood-volume images of both the brain and heart. Weighted-integrated H2(15)O sinograms were acquired for estimating rate constant (K1) and distribution-volume (Vd) images in the brain, in addition to single-frame sinograms for estimating autoradiographic cerebral blood flow images. Noninvasive arterial input functions were determined from the heart scanner (left ventricular chamber) according to a previously developed model and compared directly to invasive input functions measured with an on-line beta probe in six subjects. RESULTS The noninvasive input functions derived from this PET system were in good agreement with those obtained by continuous arterial blood sampling in all six subjects. There was good agreement between quantitative values obtained noninvasively and those using the invasive input function: average autoradiographic regional cerebral blood flow was 0.412 +/- 0.058 and 0.426 +/- 0.062 ml/min/g, K1 of H2(15)O was 0.416 +/- 0.073 and 0.420 +/- 0.067 ml/min/ml and Vd of H2(15)O was 0.800 +/- 0.080 and 0.830 +/- 0.070 ml/ml for the noninvasive and invasive input functions, respectively. In addition to the brain functional parameters, the system also simultaneously provided cardiac function such as regional myocardial blood flow (0.84 +/- 0.19 ml/min/g), left ventricular volume (132 +/- 22 mm at end diastole and 45 +/- 14 ml at end systole) and ejection fraction (66% +/- 5%). CONCLUSION This PET system allows noninvasive quantitation in both the brain and heart simultaneously without arterial cannulation, and may prove useful in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Iida
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita City, Akita, Japan
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Hatazawa J, Shimosegawa E. Imaging neurochemistry of cerebrovascular disease with PET and SPECT. Q J Nucl Med 1998; 42:193-8. [PMID: 9796367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease has been studied by measuring cerebral blood flow and energy metabolism using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). These parameters are measures for brain tissue consisting of heterogeneous components such as neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels. It is still difficult to evaluate brain damages specifically involving either neurons or other components. Several trials were recently conducted to visualize neuron-specific injury in cerebrovascular disease by means of 11C flumazenil for PET and 123I-iomazenil for SPECT. These tracers selectively bind to central benzodiazepine receptor which is purely neuronal. A reduced accumulation of these ligands was found in the area surrounding the complete infarction and in the cortex remote from putaminal hemorrhage, indicating the existence of neuron specific injury not visualized by CT and MR. Neurological deficits were well correlated with the loss of cortical accumulation of these ligands. These preliminary studies indicated a potential of neurochemical imaging in cerebrovascular disease. Vulnerability to ischemia which may differ among brain tissue components, among subpopulations of neurons, and among pre-synaptic and post-synaptic functions can be more precisely examined. Neurochemical imaging can be also applied to reveal releases and re-organization of each neurotransmitter-acceptor system after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hatazawa
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Japan
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Abstract
Adenomyosis is characterized as ectopic endometrial tissues within the myometrium in the uterus. The only difference between adenomyosis and endometriosis is the site of endometriotic tissues: inside or outside of the uterus. It is well known that endometriosis is frequently associated with various autoimmune phenomena. This short review covers various aspects of the immune cascade found in adenomyosis. In adenomyosis, a series of immune responses is activated, including changes in both cellular and humoral immunity, i.e. a strong expression of cell surface antigens or adhesion molecules, an increased number of macrophages or immune cells, and deposition of immunoglobulins and complement components. Furthermore, the disease exhibited high frequency of autoantibodies in peripheral blood. Thus, an immunological 'vicious circle' is formed in the endometrium in adenomyosis. Endometrial cells seem to be under immunological stress, protecting themselves by exposing heat shock proteins. It is concluded that the endometrial environment in adenomyosis differs widely from that in normal fertile women. These abnormal immune responses might be involved in poor reproductive performance in adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita-city, Japan
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Qiang JX, Takahashi O, Hatazawa J, Karube A, Ohyama N, Sato H, Ota H, Sageshima M, Tanaka T. Sarcoma botryoides of the uterine cervix: a case report. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 1998; 24:197-201. [PMID: 9714990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.1998.tb00075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix is a very rare disease. We present a case of rhabdomyosarcoma (botryoide type) arising from the introitus of the uterine cervix, and make a discussion on the diagnosis, treatment and involving factors of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Qiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University School of Medicine, Japan
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Terashi H, Nagata K, Tsutsumi K, Hirata Y, Hatazawa J. [Long-term follow-up study with PET in a case of superficial siderosis]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 1998; 38:506-11. [PMID: 9847667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Long-term follow-up study with positron emission tomography (PET) has been conducted in a patient with superficial siderosis for ten years. A 63-year-old right-handed woman began to exhibit a cerebellar ataxia when she was 52 years old. Thereafter she has been exhibiting a slowly progressive course of pyramidal signs, hearing loss, anosmia, bilateral sciatica and memory disturbance in addition to the cerebellar ataxia. Series of x-ray CT and MRI disclosed a progressive atrophy of the cerebellum, specifically in the superior vermis, and a mild diffuse atrophy in the cerebral hemispheres, whereas no significant atrophy was seen in the brainstem. A marked hypointensity was seen along the rim of the brain structures including brainstem, cerebellum, sylvian fissures and the medial temporal lobes on MR T 2-weighted images. This hypointensity was also found at the edges of the third and fourth ventricles. These findings were regarded as haemosiderin deposit. By using oxygen-15, PET was carried out repeatedly with ten-year interval. In the initial PET study, both cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were mildly decreased in the cerebellar hemispheres and the occipital cortices. The follow-up PET study revealed a progressive reduction of CMRO2 in the brainstem, cerebellar hemispheres and temporal cortices including the hippocampus in which the haemosiderin deposition was marked on MRI, whereas the reduction of CBF was not advanced as compared with CMRO2. It was suggested that the progressive reduction of CMRO2 in the brain sites where the haemosiderin deposition was observed on MRI reflected the clinical course of neurological deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Terashi
- Department of Neurology, Nuclear Medicine Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels
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